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                   <writer>Stephen G. Breyer</writer>
                                        
                   <assigner>William H. Rehnquist</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
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                   <majority>9</majority>
                                        
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              <docketId>1999-011-01</docketId>
              <petitioner state="California">City, town, township, village, or borough government or governmental unit</petitioner>
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                   <assigner>William H. Rehnquist</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
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              <topic>Tax Law</topic>
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              <topic>Taxation</topic>
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              <docketId>1999-012-01</docketId>
              <petitioner>Taxpayer or executor of taxpayer&apos;s estate, federal only</petitioner>
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                   <writer>Ruth Bader Ginsburg</writer>
                                        
                   <assigner>William H. Rehnquist</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
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                   <majority>9</majority>
                                        
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              <topic>Eleventh Amendment</topic>
              <topic>Adea</topic>
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              <docketId>1999-013-01</docketId>
              <petitioner state="Florida">Governmental employee or job applicant</petitioner>
              <respondent state="Florida">State college or university</respondent>
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                   <writer>Sandra Day O&apos;Connor</writer>
                                        
                   <assigner>William H. Rehnquist</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
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                   <majority>5</majority>
                                        
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              <docketId>1999-016-01</docketId>
              <petitioner state="New York">State</petitioner>
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                   <writer>Antonin Scalia</writer>
                                        
                   <assigner>William H. Rehnquist</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
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                   <majority>9</majority>
                                        
                   <minority>0</minority>
                                    
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              <petitioner state="Illinois">State</petitioner>
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                   <assigner>William H. Rehnquist</assigner>
                                    
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              <pagePosition>1</pagePosition>
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                   <topic>Administrative Law</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Motor Vehicles</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Agency</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Driver&apos;s Privacy Protection Act (D.P.P.A.)</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Department of Motor Vehicles (D.M.V.)</topic>
                                        
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                   <topic>Government</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Administrative Law and Regulatory Procedure</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Interstate Commerce Clause</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Commerce</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Goods and Services</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Personal Information</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <subject authority="scdb" uri="http://scdb.wustl.edu/documentation.php?var=issue">
                                        
                   <topic>National Supremacy: Miscellaneous</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Federalism</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <docketId>1999-018-01</docketId>
              <petitioner>Attorney general of the United States, or his office</petitioner>
              <respondent state="South Carolina">Governmental official, or an official of an agency established under an interstate compact</respondent>
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              <certReason>No reason given</certReason>
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                   <type>Infrequently litigated statutes</type>
                                        
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              <disposition>Reversed</disposition>
              <partyWinning>Petitioning party received a favorable disposition</partyWinning>
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                   <writer>William H. Rehnquist</writer>
                                        
                   <assigner>William H. Rehnquist</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
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                   <majority>9</majority>
                                        
                   <minority>0</minority>
                                    
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              <title>Martinez v. Court of Appeal of Cal., Fourth Appellate Dist., 528 U.S. 152 (2000)</title>
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              <topic>Due Process</topic>
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              <topic>Equal Protection</topic>
              <topic>Theft and Burglaries</topic>
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              <topic>Crime and Law Enforcement</topic>
              <topic>Right to Counsel</topic>
              <topic>Fourteenth Amendment</topic>
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              <subject authority="llc" uri="https://www.loc.gov/research-centers/law-library-of-congress/about-this-research-center">
                                        
                   <topic>Fraud and Financial Crimes</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Right to Self Representation</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Due Process</topic>
                                        
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                   <topic>Right to Counsel (Cf. Indigents Appointment of Counsel or Inadequate Representation)</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Criminal Procedure</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <docketId>1999-019-01</docketId>
              <petitioner>Person accused, indicted, or suspected of crime</petitioner>
              <respondent state="California">Court or judicial district</respondent>
              <jurisdiction>Cert</jurisdiction>
              <caseOrigin state="California">State Trial Court</caseOrigin>
              <caseSource state="California">State Appellate Court</caseSource>
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                   <type>Constitutional Amendment</type>
                                        
                   <legalProvisions>Sixth Amendment (right to counsel)</legalProvisions>
                                    
            </law>
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              <disposition>Affirmed (includes modified)</disposition>
              <partyWinning>No favorable disposition for petitioning party apparent</partyWinning>
              <majorityOpinion>
                                        
                   <writer>John Paul Stevens</writer>
                                        
                   <assigner>William H. Rehnquist</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
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                   <majority>9</majority>
                                        
                   <minority>0</minority>
                                    
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              <title>Friends of the Earth, Inc., v. Laidlaw Environmental Services (TOC), Inc., 528 U.S. 167 (2000)</title>
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              <topic>Injunctive Relief</topic>
              <topic>Licensing and Permits</topic>
              <topic>Administrative Law and Regulatory Procedure</topic>
              <topic>Water Quality</topic>
              <topic>Discharge</topic>
              <topic>Water Treatment</topic>
              <topic>Civil Actions</topic>
              <topic>Mootness</topic>
              <topic>Wastewater</topic>
              <topic>Standing to Sue: Personal Injury</topic>
              <topic>Judicial Power</topic>
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                   <topic>Standing</topic>
                                        
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                   <topic>Government</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Environment</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Environmental Law</topic>
                                        
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                   <topic>Administrative Law and Regulatory Procedure</topic>
                                        
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                   <topic>Discharge</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Water Treatment</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Civil Actions</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Mootness</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Wastewater</topic>
                                    
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                   <topic>Standing to Sue: Personal Injury</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Judicial Power</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <docketId>1999-001-01</docketId>
              <petitioner>Environmental organization</petitioner>
              <respondent>Owner, landlord, or claimant to ownership, fee interest, or possession of land as well as chattels</respondent>
              <jurisdiction>Cert</jurisdiction>
              <adminAction state="South Carolina">State Agency</adminAction>
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              <caseSource>U.S. Court of Appeals, Fourth Circuit</caseSource>
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              <authorityDecision>Statutory construction</authorityDecision>
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                   <type>Federal Statute</type>
                                        
                   <legalProvisions>Federal Water Pollution Control (Clean Water), plus amendments</legalProvisions>
                                    
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              <unconstitutionality>No declaration of unconstitutionality</unconstitutionality>
              <disposition>Reversed and remanded</disposition>
              <partyWinning>Petitioning party received a favorable disposition</partyWinning>
              <majorityOpinion>
                                        
                   <writer>Ruth Bader Ginsburg</writer>
                                        
                   <assigner>William H. Rehnquist</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
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                   <majority>7</majority>
                                        
                   <minority>2</minority>
                                    
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         <titleInfo>
              <title>Adarand Constructors, Inc. v. Slater, 528 U.S. 216 (2000)</title>
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                   <topic>Mootness (Cf. Standing to Sue: Live Dispute)</topic>
                                        
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              <docketId>1999-020-01</docketId>
              <petitioner>Government contractor</petitioner>
              <respondent>Department or Secretary of Transportation</respondent>
              <jurisdiction>Cert</jurisdiction>
              <adminAction>Department or Secretary of Transportation</adminAction>
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                   <assigner>William H. Rehnquist</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
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                   <majority>9</majority>
                                        
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         <titleInfo>
              <title>Weeks v. Angelone, 528 U.S. 225 (2000)</title>
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              <topic>Trial Judge</topic>
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                   <topic>Cruel and Unusual Punishment, Death Penalty (Cf. Extra Legal Jury Influence, Death Rights) Penalty)</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Criminal Procedure</topic>
                                    
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              <docketId>1999-021-01</docketId>
              <petitioner>Person convicted of crime</petitioner>
              <respondent state="Virginia">State</respondent>
              <jurisdiction>Cert</jurisdiction>
              <caseOrigin>Virginia Eastern U.S. District Court</caseOrigin>
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                   <type>Constitutional Amendment</type>
                                        
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              <disposition>Affirmed (includes modified)</disposition>
              <partyWinning>No favorable disposition for petitioning party apparent</partyWinning>
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                   <writer>William H. Rehnquist</writer>
                                        
                   <assigner>William H. Rehnquist</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
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                   <majority>5</majority>
                                        
                   <minority>4</minority>
                                    
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                   <topic>Voting</topic>
                                        
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            </subject>
              <docketId>1999-022-01</docketId>
              <petitioner>Political candidate, activist, committee, party, party member, organization, or elected official</petitioner>
              <respondent>Voter, prospective voter, elector, or a nonelective official seeking reapportionment or redistricting of legislative districts (POL)</respondent>
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                   <type>Infrequently litigated statutes</type>
                                        
                   <legalProvisions>Infrequently litigated statutes</legalProvisions>
                                    
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              <majorityOpinion>
                                        
                   <writer>David H. Souter</writer>
                                        
                   <assigner>William H. Rehnquist</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
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                   <majority>9</majority>
                                        
                   <minority>0</minority>
                                    
            </votes>
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         <titleInfo>
              <title>Smith v. Robbins, 528 U.S. 259 (2000)</title>
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         <subject>
              <topic>Appointed Counsel</topic>
              <topic>Lawyers and Legal Services</topic>
              <topic>Indigent Criminal Defendant</topic>
              <topic>Appellate Courts</topic>
              <topic>Judiciary</topic>
              <topic>Criminal Law and Procedure</topic>
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                   <topic>Appointed Counsel</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Lawyers and Legal Services</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Indigent Criminal Defendant</topic>
                                        
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                   <topic>Judiciary</topic>
                                        
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                   <topic>Indigents: Appointment of Counsel (Cf. Right to Counsel)</topic>
                                        
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            </subject>
              <docketId>1999-023-01</docketId>
              <petitioner state="California">State</petitioner>
              <respondent>Person convicted of crime</respondent>
              <jurisdiction>Cert</jurisdiction>
              <caseOrigin>California Central U.S. District Court</caseOrigin>
              <caseSource>U.S. Court of Appeals, Ninth Circuit</caseSource>
              <certReason>No reason given</certReason>
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                   <type>Constitutional Amendment</type>
                                        
                   <legalProvisions>Fourteenth Amendment (due process)</legalProvisions>
                                    
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              <disposition>Reversed and remanded</disposition>
              <partyWinning>Petitioning party received a favorable disposition</partyWinning>
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                   <writer>Clarence Thomas</writer>
                                        
                   <assigner>William H. Rehnquist</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
              <votes>
                                        
                   <majority>5</majority>
                                        
                   <minority>4</minority>
                                    
            </votes>
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         <titleInfo>
              <title>United States v. Martinez-Salazar, 528 U.S. 304 (2000)</title>
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              <partName>Case</partName>
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         <subject>
              <topic>Strike for Cause</topic>
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              <topic>Due Process</topic>
              <topic>Human Rights and Civil Liberties</topic>
              <topic>Abuse of Discretion</topic>
              <topic>Criminal Law and Procedure</topic>
              <topic>Crime and Law Enforcement</topic>
              <topic>Fifth Amendment</topic>
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                   <topic>Strike for Cause</topic>
                                        
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                   <topic>Peremptory Challenges</topic>
                                        
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                   <topic>Human Rights and Civil Liberties</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Abuse of Discretion</topic>
                                        
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                   <topic>Crime and Law Enforcement</topic>
                                        
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                   <topic>Federal Rules of Criminal Procedure</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Criminal Procedure</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <docketId>1999-024-01</docketId>
              <petitioner>United States</petitioner>
              <respondent>Person accused, indicted, or suspected of crime</respondent>
              <jurisdiction>Cert</jurisdiction>
              <caseOrigin>Arizona U.S. District Court</caseOrigin>
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              <disposition>Reversed</disposition>
              <partyWinning>Petitioning party received a favorable disposition</partyWinning>
              <majorityOpinion>
                                        
                   <writer>Ruth Bader Ginsburg</writer>
                                        
                   <assigner>William H. Rehnquist</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
              <votes>
                                        
                   <majority>9</majority>
                                        
                   <minority>0</minority>
                                    
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         <titleInfo>
              <title>Reno, Attorney General v. Bossier Parish School Board, 528 U.S. 320 (2000)</title>
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         <subject>
              <topic>Elections and Politics</topic>
              <topic>Voting Rights</topic>
              <topic>Redistricting</topic>
              <topic>Election Law</topic>
              <topic>Human Rights and Civil Liberties</topic>
              <topic>Preclearance</topic>
              <topic>Public Participation and Lobbying</topic>
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                   <topic>Elections and Politics</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Voting Rights</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Redistricting</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Election Law</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Human Rights and Civil Liberties</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Preclearance</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Public Participation and Lobbying</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Voter Discrimination</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
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                   <topic>Voting Rights Act of 1965, Plus Amendments</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Civil Rights</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <docketId>1999-025-01</docketId>
              <petitioner>Attorney general of the United States, or his office</petitioner>
              <respondent state="Louisiana">Local school district or board of education</respondent>
              <jurisdiction>Appeal</jurisdiction>
              <adminAction>Department of Justice or Attorney General</adminAction>
              <caseOrigin>District Of Columbia U.S. District Court</caseOrigin>
              <caseSource>District Of Columbia U.S. District Court</caseSource>
              <certReason>Case did not arise on cert or cert not granted</certReason>
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                   <type>Federal Statute</type>
                                        
                   <legalProvisions>Voting Rights Act of 1965, plus amendments</legalProvisions>
                                    
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              <unconstitutionality>No declaration of unconstitutionality</unconstitutionality>
              <disposition>Affirmed (includes modified)</disposition>
              <partyWinning>No favorable disposition for petitioning party apparent</partyWinning>
              <majorityOpinion>
                                        
                   <writer>Antonin Scalia</writer>
                                        
                   <assigner>William H. Rehnquist</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
              <votes>
                                        
                   <majority>5</majority>
                                        
                   <minority>4</minority>
                                    
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         <titleInfo>
              <title>Nixon v. Shrink Missouri Government PAC, 528 U.S. 377 (2000)</title>
              <partNumber>528 U.S. 377</partNumber>
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         <subject>
              <topic>Campaign Contribution Limits</topic>
              <topic>Campaign Finance</topic>
              <topic>Feca</topic>
              <topic>Elections and Politics</topic>
              <topic>Human Rights and Civil Liberties</topic>
              <topic>Public Participation and Lobbying</topic>
              <topic>Corruption</topic>
              <topic>Political Parties and Affiliations</topic>
              <topic>Political Action Committee</topic>
              <topic>Election Law</topic>
              <topic>Campaign Spending (Cf. Governmental Corruption):</topic>
              <topic>First Amendment</topic>
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                   <topic>Campaign Contribution Limits</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Campaign Finance</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Feca</topic>
                                        
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                   <topic>Human Rights and Civil Liberties</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Public Participation and Lobbying</topic>
                                        
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                   <topic>Campaign Spending (Cf. Governmental Corruption):</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>First Amendment</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <docketId>1999-026-01</docketId>
              <petitioner state="Missouri">Governmental official, or an official of an agency established under an interstate compact</petitioner>
              <respondent>Political candidate, activist, committee, party, party member, organization, or elected official</respondent>
              <jurisdiction>Cert</jurisdiction>
              <caseOrigin>Missouri Eastern U.S. District Court</caseOrigin>
              <caseSource>U.S. Court of Appeals, Eighth Circuit</caseSource>
              <certReason>To resolve important or significant question</certReason>
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                   <type>Constitutional Amendment</type>
                                        
                   <legalProvisions>First Amendment (speech, press, and assembly)</legalProvisions>
                                    
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              <disposition>Reversed and remanded</disposition>
              <partyWinning>Petitioning party received a favorable disposition</partyWinning>
              <majorityOpinion>
                                        
                   <writer>David H. Souter</writer>
                                        
                   <assigner>William H. Rehnquist</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
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                   <majority>6</majority>
                                        
                   <minority>3</minority>
                                    
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         <titleInfo>
              <title>Baral v. United States, 528 U.S. 431 (2000)</title>
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              <partName>Case</partName>
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              <identifier type="FDsys Unique ID">D09002ee1dec6e474</identifier>
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         <subject>
              <topic>Individual Income Tax</topic>
              <topic>Taxation Look Back</topic>
              <topic>Estimated Income Tax</topic>
              <topic>Irs</topic>
              <topic>Tax Administration and Collection</topic>
              <topic>Tax Law</topic>
              <topic>Income Tax</topic>
              <topic>Taxation</topic>
              <topic>Income Tax Credits</topic>
              <topic>Federal Taxation, Typically Under Provisions of the Internal Revenue Code</topic>
              <topic>Federal Taxation</topic>
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              <courtTerm>1999</courtTerm>
              <usCitation>528 U.S. 431</usCitation>
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                   <topic>Individual Income Tax</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Taxation Look Back</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Estimated Income Tax</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Irs</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Tax Administration and Collection</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Tax Law</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Income Tax</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Taxation</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Income Tax Credits</topic>
                                    
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                   <topic>Federal Taxation, Typically Under Provisions of the Internal Revenue Code</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Federal Taxation</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <docketId>1999-027-01</docketId>
              <petitioner>Taxpayer or executor of taxpayer&apos;s estate, federal only</petitioner>
              <respondent>United States</respondent>
              <jurisdiction>Cert</jurisdiction>
              <adminAction>Internal Revenue Service, Collector, Commissioner, or District Director of</adminAction>
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              <caseSource>U.S. Court of Appeals, District of Columbia Circuit (includes the Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia but not the District of Columbia Court of Appeals, which has local jurisdiction)</caseSource>
              <certReason>Putative conflict</certReason>
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              <dateArgument>2000-01-18</dateArgument>
              <authorityDecision>Statutory construction</authorityDecision>
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                   <type>Federal Statute</type>
                                        
                   <legalProvisions>Internal Revenue Code and pre-IRC revenue acts</legalProvisions>
                                    
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              <disposition>Affirmed (includes modified)</disposition>
              <partyWinning>No favorable disposition for petitioning party apparent</partyWinning>
              <majorityOpinion>
                                        
                   <writer>Clarence Thomas</writer>
                                        
                   <assigner>William H. Rehnquist</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
              <votes>
                                        
                   <majority>9</majority>
                                        
                   <minority>0</minority>
                                    
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         <titleInfo>
              <title>Weisgram v. Marley Co., 528 U.S. 440 (2000)</title>
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              <partName>Case</partName>
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              <topic>Torts Law</topic>
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              <topic>Expert Witness</topic>
              <topic>Wrongful Death</topic>
              <topic>Sufficiency of Evidence: Typically in the Context of a Jury&apos;s Determination of Compensation for Injury or Death</topic>
              <topic>Economic Activity</topic>
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                   <topic>Torts Law</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Torts</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Product Liability</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Diversity</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Product Defect</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Defect and Causation</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Defective Product</topic>
                                        
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                   <topic>Expert Witness</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Wrongful Death</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <subject authority="scdb" uri="http://scdb.wustl.edu/documentation.php?var=issue">
                                        
                   <topic>Sufficiency of Evidence: Typically in the Context of a Jury&apos;s Determination of Compensation for Injury or Death</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Economic Activity</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <docketId>1999-028-01</docketId>
              <petitioner>Physically injured person, including wrongful death, who is not an employee</petitioner>
              <respondent>Manufacturer</respondent>
              <jurisdiction>Cert</jurisdiction>
              <caseOrigin>North Dakota U.S. District Court</caseOrigin>
              <caseSource>U.S. Court of Appeals, Eighth Circuit</caseSource>
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              <disposition>Affirmed (includes modified)</disposition>
              <partyWinning>No favorable disposition for petitioning party apparent</partyWinning>
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                   <writer>Ruth Bader Ginsburg</writer>
                                        
                   <assigner>William H. Rehnquist</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
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                   <majority>9</majority>
                                        
                   <minority>0</minority>
                                    
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              <title>Hunt-Wesson, Inc. v. Franchise Tax Bd. of Cal., 528 U.S. 458 (2000)</title>
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              <partName>Case</partName>
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              <topic>Taxation</topic>
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                   <topic>Tax Deductions</topic>
                                        
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                   <topic>Tax Law</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Taxation</topic>
                                        
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                   <topic>State or Local Government Tax</topic>
                                        
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            </subject>
              <docketId>1999-029-01</docketId>
              <petitioner state="California">State or local governmental taxpayer, or executor of the estate of</petitioner>
              <respondent state="California">State commission, board, committee, or authority</respondent>
              <jurisdiction>Cert</jurisdiction>
              <adminAction state="California">State Agency</adminAction>
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              <disposition>Reversed and remanded</disposition>
              <partyWinning>Petitioning party received a favorable disposition</partyWinning>
              <majorityOpinion>
                                        
                   <writer>Stephen G. Breyer</writer>
                                        
                   <assigner>William H. Rehnquist</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
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                   <majority>9</majority>
                                        
                   <minority>0</minority>
                                    
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         <titleInfo>
              <title>Roe v. Flores-Ortega, 528 U.S. 470 (2000)</title>
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                   <topic>Criminal Law and Procedure</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Crime and Law Enforcement</topic>
                                        
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                   <topic>Right to Counsel (Cf. Indigents Appointment of Counsel or Inadequate Representation)</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Criminal Procedure</topic>
                                    
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              <docketId>1999-030-01</docketId>
              <petitioner state="California">State</petitioner>
              <respondent>Person convicted of crime</respondent>
              <jurisdiction>Cert</jurisdiction>
              <caseOrigin>California Eastern U.S. District Court</caseOrigin>
              <caseSource>U.S. Court of Appeals, Ninth Circuit</caseSource>
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              <disposition>Vacated and remanded</disposition>
              <partyWinning>Petitioning party received a favorable disposition</partyWinning>
              <majorityOpinion>
                                        
                   <writer>Sandra Day O&apos;Connor</writer>
                                        
                   <assigner>William H. Rehnquist</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
              <votes>
                                        
                   <majority>6</majority>
                                        
                   <minority>3</minority>
                                    
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         <titleInfo>
              <title>Rice v. Cayetano, 528 U.S. 495 (2000)</title>
              <partNumber>528 U.S. 495</partNumber>
              <partName>Case</partName>
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              <topic>Fifteenth Amendment</topic>
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              <topic>Voting Rights</topic>
              <topic>Hawaiian</topic>
              <topic>Election Law</topic>
              <topic>Qualified Voter</topic>
              <topic>Native Hawaiian</topic>
              <topic>Fourteenth Amendment</topic>
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              <topic>Voting</topic>
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              <decisionDate>2000-02-23</decisionDate>
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              <usCitation>528 U.S. 495</usCitation>
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              <subject authority="llc" uri="https://www.loc.gov/research-centers/law-library-of-congress/about-this-research-center">
                                        
                   <topic>Legislative Rules and Procedures</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Legislative Bodies</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Fifteenth Amendment</topic>
                                        
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                   <topic>Voting Rights</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Hawaiian</topic>
                                        
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                   <topic>Legislative Elections</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Requisite Ancestry</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
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                   <topic>Voting</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Civil Rights</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <docketId>1999-031-01</docketId>
              <petitioner>Voter, prospective voter, elector, or a nonelective official seeking reapportionment or redistricting of legislative districts (POL)</petitioner>
              <respondent state="Hawaii">State</respondent>
              <jurisdiction>Cert</jurisdiction>
              <caseOrigin>Hawaii U.S. District Court</caseOrigin>
              <caseSource>U.S. Court of Appeals, Ninth Circuit</caseSource>
              <certReason>No reason given</certReason>
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                   <type>Constitutional Amendment</type>
                                        
                   <legalProvisions>Fifteenth Amendment (other provisions)</legalProvisions>
                                    
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              <decisionType>Opinion of the court (orally argued)</decisionType>
              <unconstitutionality>State or territorial law, reg, or const provision unconstitutional</unconstitutionality>
              <disposition>Reversed</disposition>
              <partyWinning>Petitioning party received a favorable disposition</partyWinning>
              <majorityOpinion>
                                        
                   <writer>Anthony M. Kennedy</writer>
                                        
                   <assigner>William H. Rehnquist</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
              <votes>
                                        
                   <majority>7</majority>
                                        
                   <minority>2</minority>
                                    
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         <titleInfo>
              <title>Rotella v. Wood, 528 U.S. 549 (2000)</title>
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              <topic>Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations Act (R.I.C.O.)</topic>
              <topic>Injury Pattern and Discovery Rule</topic>
              <topic>White-Collar Crime</topic>
              <topic>Health Facilities and Institutions</topic>
              <topic>Criminal Law and Procedure</topic>
              <topic>Judicial Administration: Untimely Filing</topic>
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                   <topic>Fraud and Financial Crimes</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Health</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Corruption</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Injury and Pattern Discovery</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Crime and Law Enforcement</topic>
                                        
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                   <topic>Criminal Law and Procedure</topic>
                                    
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                   <topic>Judicial Administration: Untimely Filing</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Judicial Power</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <docketId>1999-032-01</docketId>
              <petitioner>Patient of a health professional</petitioner>
              <respondent>Physician, MD or DO, dentist, or medical society</respondent>
              <jurisdiction>Cert</jurisdiction>
              <caseOrigin>Texas Northern U.S. District Court</caseOrigin>
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                   <type>Federal Statute</type>
                                        
                   <legalProvisions>Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations</legalProvisions>
                                    
            </law>
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              <disposition>Affirmed (includes modified)</disposition>
              <partyWinning>No favorable disposition for petitioning party apparent</partyWinning>
              <majorityOpinion>
                                        
                   <writer>David H. Souter</writer>
                                        
                   <assigner>William H. Rehnquist</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
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                   <majority>9</majority>
                                        
                   <minority>0</minority>
                                    
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         <titleInfo>
              <title>Willowbrook v. Olech, 528 U.S. 562 (2000)</title>
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                   <topic>Miscellaneous Civil Rights (Cf. Comity: Civil Rights)</topic>
                                        
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              <docketId>1999-033-01</docketId>
              <petitioner state="Illinois">City, town, township, village, or borough government or governmental unit</petitioner>
              <respondent>Owner, landlord, or claimant to ownership, fee interest, or possession of land as well as chattels</respondent>
              <jurisdiction>Cert</jurisdiction>
              <caseOrigin>Illinois Northern U.S. District Court</caseOrigin>
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                   <type>Constitutional Amendment</type>
                                        
                   <legalProvisions>Fourteenth Amendment (equal protection)</legalProvisions>
                                    
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                   <assigner>William H. Rehnquist</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
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                   <majority>9</majority>
                                        
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