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              <sequenceNumber>7</sequenceNumber>
              <pagePosition>1</pagePosition>
              <decisionDate>1996-03-26</decisionDate>
              <courtTerm>1995</courtTerm>
              <usCitation>517 U.S. 25</usCitation>
              <fullCitation>517 U.S. 25 (1996)</fullCitation>
              <subject authority="llc" uri="https://www.loc.gov/research-centers/law-library-of-congress/about-this-research-center">
                                        
                   <topic>Preemption</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Conflicts of Law</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>State and Local Government</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Insurance Sales</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Banks and Financial Institutions</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Supremacy Clause</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <subject authority="scdb" uri="http://scdb.wustl.edu/documentation.php?var=issue">
                                        
                   <topic>Federal Pre-Emption of State Legislation or Regulation. Cf. State Regulation of Business. Rarely Involves Union Activity. Does Not Involve Constitutional Interpretation Unless the Court Says It Does.</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Federalism</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <docketId>1995-036-01</docketId>
              <petitioner>Bank, savings and loan, credit union, investment company</petitioner>
              <respondent state="Florida">Governmental official, or an official of an agency established under an interstate compact</respondent>
              <jurisdiction>Cert</jurisdiction>
              <caseOrigin>Florida Middle U.S. District Court</caseOrigin>
              <caseSource>U.S. Court of Appeals, Eleventh Circuit</caseSource>
              <certReason>Federal court and state court confusion or uncertainty</certReason>
              <chiefJustice>William H. Rehnquist</chiefJustice>
              <dateArgument>1996-01-16</dateArgument>
              <authorityDecision>Statutory construction</authorityDecision>
              <authorityDecision>Federal common law</authorityDecision>
              <law>
                                        
                   <type>Infrequently litigated statutes</type>
                                        
                   <legalProvisions>Infrequently litigated statutes</legalProvisions>
                                    
            </law>
              <decisionType>Opinion of the court (orally argued)</decisionType>
              <unconstitutionality>No declaration of unconstitutionality</unconstitutionality>
              <disposition>Reversed</disposition>
              <partyWinning>Petitioning party received a favorable disposition</partyWinning>
              <majorityOpinion>
                                        
                   <writer>Stephen G. Breyer</writer>
                                        
                   <assigner>William H. Rehnquist</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
              <votes>
                                        
                   <majority>9</majority>
                                        
                   <minority>0</minority>
                                    
            </votes>
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         <titleInfo>
              <title>Seminole Tribe of Fla. v. Florida, 517 U.S. 44 (1996)</title>
              <partNumber>517 U.S. 44</partNumber>
              <partName>Case</partName>
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         <identifier type="preferred citation">517 U.S. 44 (1996)</identifier>
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         <subject>
              <topic>American Indians</topic>
              <topic>Good-Faith Bargaining</topic>
              <topic>Seminole</topic>
              <topic>Indigenous Peoples</topic>
              <topic>Gambling</topic>
              <topic>Contracts</topic>
              <topic>Indian Gaming Regulatory Act (I.G.R.A.)</topic>
              <topic>Native Americans</topic>
              <topic>North America</topic>
              <topic>State Sovereign Immunity</topic>
              <topic>Eleventh Amendment</topic>
              <topic>Constitutional Law</topic>
              <topic>Sovereign Immunity</topic>
              <topic>National Supremacy: Miscellaneous</topic>
              <topic>Federalism</topic>
        </subject>
         <extension>
              <searchTitle>United States reports : cases adjudged in the Supreme Court at October term, 1995, Opinions of March 20 through (in part) June 13, 1996, Orders of March 20 through June 13, 1996;Seminole Tribe of Fla. v. Florida, 517 U.S. 44 (1996);517 U.S. 44</searchTitle>
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              <subject authority="llc" uri="https://www.loc.gov/research-centers/law-library-of-congress/about-this-research-center">
                                        
                   <topic>American Indians</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Good-Faith Bargaining</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Seminole</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Indigenous Peoples</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Gambling</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Contracts</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Indian Gaming Regulatory Act (I.G.R.A.)</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Native Americans</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>North America</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>State Sovereign Immunity</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Eleventh Amendment</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Constitutional Law</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Sovereign Immunity</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <subject authority="scdb" uri="http://scdb.wustl.edu/documentation.php?var=issue">
                                        
                   <topic>National Supremacy: Miscellaneous</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Federalism</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <docketId>1995-037-01</docketId>
              <petitioner>Indian, including Indian tribe or nation</petitioner>
              <respondent state="Florida">State</respondent>
              <jurisdiction>Cert</jurisdiction>
              <caseOrigin>Florida Southern U.S. District Court</caseOrigin>
              <caseSource>U.S. Court of Appeals, Eleventh Circuit</caseSource>
              <certReason>No reason given</certReason>
              <chiefJustice>William H. Rehnquist</chiefJustice>
              <dateArgument>1995-10-11</dateArgument>
              <authorityDecision>Judicial review (state level)</authorityDecision>
              <authorityDecision>Federal common law</authorityDecision>
              <law>
                                        
                   <type>Constitutional Amendment</type>
                                        
                   <legalProvisions>Eleventh Amendment</legalProvisions>
                                    
            </law>
              <decisionType>Opinion of the court (orally argued)</decisionType>
              <unconstitutionality>Act of congress declared unconstitutional</unconstitutionality>
              <disposition>Affirmed (includes modified)</disposition>
              <partyWinning>No favorable disposition for petitioning party apparent</partyWinning>
              <majorityOpinion>
                                        
                   <writer>William H. Rehnquist</writer>
                                        
                   <assigner>William H. Rehnquist</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
              <votes>
                                        
                   <majority>5</majority>
                                        
                   <minority>4</minority>
                                    
            </votes>
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         <titleInfo>
              <title>Morse v. Republican Party of Va., 517 U.S. 186 (1996)</title>
              <partNumber>517 U.S. 186</partNumber>
              <partName>Case</partName>
        </titleInfo>
         <identifier type="uri">https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/USREPORTS-517/USREPORTS-517-186</identifier>
         <identifier type="preferred citation">517 U.S. 186 (1996)</identifier>
         <identifier type="United States Reports citation">517 U.S. 186</identifier>
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              <identifier type="FDsys Unique ID">D09002ee1dec70044</identifier>
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         <subject>
              <topic>Elections and Politics</topic>
              <topic>Voting Rights</topic>
              <topic>Equal Protection</topic>
              <topic>Primary Elections</topic>
              <topic>Voter Registration Fee</topic>
              <topic>Voting Rights Act</topic>
              <topic>Election Law</topic>
              <topic>Voting Rights Act of 1965, Plus Amendments</topic>
              <topic>Civil Rights</topic>
        </subject>
         <extension>
              <searchTitle>United States reports : cases adjudged in the Supreme Court at October term, 1995, Opinions of March 20 through (in part) June 13, 1996, Orders of March 20 through June 13, 1996;Morse v. Republican Party of Va., 517 U.S. 186 (1996);517 U.S. 186</searchTitle>
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              <accessId>USREPORTS-517-186</accessId>
              <reportNumber>186</reportNumber>
              <sequenceNumber>9</sequenceNumber>
              <pagePosition>1</pagePosition>
              <decisionDate>1996-03-27</decisionDate>
              <courtTerm>1995</courtTerm>
              <usCitation>517 U.S. 186</usCitation>
              <fullCitation>517 U.S. 186 (1996)</fullCitation>
              <subject authority="llc" uri="https://www.loc.gov/research-centers/law-library-of-congress/about-this-research-center">
                                        
                   <topic>Elections and Politics</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Voting Rights</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Equal Protection</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Primary Elections</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Voter Registration Fee</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Voting Rights Act</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Election Law</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <subject authority="scdb" uri="http://scdb.wustl.edu/documentation.php?var=issue">
                                        
                   <topic>Voting Rights Act of 1965, Plus Amendments</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Civil Rights</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <docketId>1995-038-01</docketId>
              <petitioner>Voter, prospective voter, elector, or a nonelective official seeking reapportionment or redistricting of legislative districts (POL)</petitioner>
              <respondent>Political candidate, activist, committee, party, party member, organization, or elected official</respondent>
              <jurisdiction>Appeal</jurisdiction>
              <adminAction>Department of Justice or Attorney General</adminAction>
              <caseOrigin>Virginia Western U.S. District Court</caseOrigin>
              <caseSource>Virginia Western U.S. District Court</caseSource>
              <certReason>Case did not arise on cert or cert not granted</certReason>
              <chiefJustice>William H. Rehnquist</chiefJustice>
              <dateArgument>1995-10-02</dateArgument>
              <authorityDecision>Statutory construction</authorityDecision>
              <law>
                                        
                   <type>Federal Statute</type>
                                        
                   <legalProvisions>Voting Rights Act of 1965, plus amendments</legalProvisions>
                                    
            </law>
              <decisionType>Judgment of the Court (orally argued)</decisionType>
              <unconstitutionality>No declaration of unconstitutionality</unconstitutionality>
              <disposition>Reversed and remanded</disposition>
              <partyWinning>Petitioning party received a favorable disposition</partyWinning>
              <majorityOpinion>
                                        
                   <writer>John Paul Stevens</writer>
                                        
                   <assigner>John Paul Stevens</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
              <votes>
                                        
                   <majority>5</majority>
                                        
                   <minority>4</minority>
                                    
            </votes>
        </extension>
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         <titleInfo>
              <title>Rutledge v. United States, 517 U.S. 292 (1996)</title>
              <partNumber>517 U.S. 292</partNumber>
              <partName>Case</partName>
        </titleInfo>
         <identifier type="uri">https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/USREPORTS-517/USREPORTS-517-292</identifier>
         <identifier type="preferred citation">517 U.S. 292 (1996)</identifier>
         <identifier type="United States Reports citation">517 U.S. 292</identifier>
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              <identifier type="FDsys Unique ID">D09002ee1dec70045</identifier>
        </relatedItem>
         <subject>
              <topic>Double Jeopardy Clause</topic>
              <topic>Criminal Law and Procedure</topic>
              <topic>Drugs and Narcotics</topic>
              <topic>Multiple Life Sentences</topic>
              <topic>Controlled Substances</topic>
              <topic>Sentencing</topic>
              <topic>Cocaine</topic>
              <topic>Conspiracy</topic>
              <topic>Statutory Construction of Criminal Laws: Conspiracy (Cf. Subconstitutional Fair Procedure: Conspiracy)</topic>
              <topic>Criminal Procedure</topic>
        </subject>
         <extension>
              <searchTitle>United States reports : cases adjudged in the Supreme Court at October term, 1995, Opinions of March 20 through (in part) June 13, 1996, Orders of March 20 through June 13, 1996;Rutledge v. United States, 517 U.S. 292 (1996);517 U.S. 292</searchTitle>
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              <accessId>USREPORTS-517-292</accessId>
              <reportNumber>292</reportNumber>
              <sequenceNumber>10</sequenceNumber>
              <pagePosition>1</pagePosition>
              <decisionDate>1996-03-27</decisionDate>
              <courtTerm>1995</courtTerm>
              <usCitation>517 U.S. 292</usCitation>
              <fullCitation>517 U.S. 292 (1996)</fullCitation>
              <subject authority="llc" uri="https://www.loc.gov/research-centers/law-library-of-congress/about-this-research-center">
                                        
                   <topic>Double Jeopardy Clause</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Criminal Law and Procedure</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Drugs and Narcotics</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Multiple Life Sentences</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Controlled Substances</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Sentencing</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Cocaine</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Conspiracy</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <subject authority="scdb" uri="http://scdb.wustl.edu/documentation.php?var=issue">
                                        
                   <topic>Statutory Construction of Criminal Laws: Conspiracy (Cf. Subconstitutional Fair Procedure: Conspiracy)</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Criminal Procedure</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <docketId>1995-039-01</docketId>
              <petitioner>Person accused, indicted, or suspected of crime</petitioner>
              <respondent>United States</respondent>
              <jurisdiction>Cert</jurisdiction>
              <caseOrigin>Illinois Central U.S. District Court</caseOrigin>
              <caseSource>U.S. Court of Appeals, Seventh Circuit</caseSource>
              <certReason>Federal court conflict</certReason>
              <chiefJustice>William H. Rehnquist</chiefJustice>
              <dateArgument>1995-11-27</dateArgument>
              <authorityDecision>Statutory construction</authorityDecision>
              <law>
                                        
                   <type>Infrequently litigated statutes</type>
                                        
                   <legalProvisions>Infrequently litigated statutes</legalProvisions>
                                    
            </law>
              <decisionType>Opinion of the court (orally argued)</decisionType>
              <unconstitutionality>No declaration of unconstitutionality</unconstitutionality>
              <disposition>Reversed and remanded</disposition>
              <partyWinning>Petitioning party received a favorable disposition</partyWinning>
              <majorityOpinion>
                                        
                   <writer>John Paul Stevens</writer>
                                        
                   <assigner>William H. Rehnquist</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
              <votes>
                                        
                   <majority>9</majority>
                                        
                   <minority>0</minority>
                                    
            </votes>
        </extension>
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         <titleInfo>
              <title>O&apos;Connor v. Consolidated Coin Caterers Corp., 517 U.S. 308 (1996)</title>
              <partNumber>517 U.S. 308</partNumber>
              <partName>Case</partName>
        </titleInfo>
         <identifier type="uri">https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/USREPORTS-517/USREPORTS-517-308</identifier>
         <identifier type="preferred citation">517 U.S. 308 (1996)</identifier>
         <identifier type="United States Reports citation">517 U.S. 308</identifier>
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              <identifier type="FDsys Unique ID">D09002ee1dec70051</identifier>
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         <subject>
              <topic>Pleadings</topic>
              <topic>Burden of Proof</topic>
              <topic>Employment Discrimination</topic>
              <topic>Discrimination</topic>
              <topic>Age Discrimination</topic>
              <topic>Standard of Proof</topic>
              <topic>Civil Procedure</topic>
              <topic>Prima Facie Elements</topic>
              <topic>Employment Discrimination: On Basis of Race, Age, Religion, Illegitimacy, National Origin, or Working Conditions.</topic>
              <topic>Civil Rights</topic>
        </subject>
         <extension>
              <searchTitle>United States reports : cases adjudged in the Supreme Court at October term, 1995, Opinions of March 20 through (in part) June 13, 1996, Orders of March 20 through June 13, 1996;O&apos;Connor v. Consolidated Coin Caterers Corp., 517 U.S. 308 (1996);517 U.S. 308</searchTitle>
              <granuleClass>CASE</granuleClass>
              <accessId>USREPORTS-517-308</accessId>
              <reportNumber>308</reportNumber>
              <sequenceNumber>11</sequenceNumber>
              <pagePosition>1</pagePosition>
              <decisionDate>1996-04-01</decisionDate>
              <courtTerm>1995</courtTerm>
              <usCitation>517 U.S. 308</usCitation>
              <fullCitation>517 U.S. 308 (1996)</fullCitation>
              <subject authority="llc" uri="https://www.loc.gov/research-centers/law-library-of-congress/about-this-research-center">
                                        
                   <topic>Pleadings</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Burden of Proof</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Employment Discrimination</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Discrimination</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Age Discrimination</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Standard of Proof</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Civil Procedure</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Prima Facie Elements</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <subject authority="scdb" uri="http://scdb.wustl.edu/documentation.php?var=issue">
                                        
                   <topic>Employment Discrimination: On Basis of Race, Age, Religion, Illegitimacy, National Origin, or Working Conditions.</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Civil Rights</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <docketId>1995-040-01</docketId>
              <petitioner>Employee, or job applicant, including beneficiaries of</petitioner>
              <respondent>Employer. If employer&apos;s relations with employees are governed by the nature of the employer&apos;s business (e.g., railroad, boat), rather than labor law generally, the more specific designation is used in place of Employer.</respondent>
              <jurisdiction>Cert</jurisdiction>
              <caseOrigin>North Carolina Western U.S. District Court</caseOrigin>
              <caseSource>U.S. Court of Appeals, Fourth Circuit</caseSource>
              <certReason>No reason given</certReason>
              <chiefJustice>William H. Rehnquist</chiefJustice>
              <dateArgument>1996-02-27</dateArgument>
              <authorityDecision>Statutory construction</authorityDecision>
              <law>
                                        
                   <type>Federal Statute</type>
                                        
                   <legalProvisions>Age Discrimination in Employment</legalProvisions>
                                    
            </law>
              <decisionType>Opinion of the court (orally argued)</decisionType>
              <unconstitutionality>No declaration of unconstitutionality</unconstitutionality>
              <disposition>Reversed and remanded</disposition>
              <partyWinning>Petitioning party received a favorable disposition</partyWinning>
              <majorityOpinion>
                                        
                   <writer>Antonin Scalia</writer>
                                        
                   <assigner>William H. Rehnquist</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
              <votes>
                                        
                   <majority>9</majority>
                                        
                   <minority>0</minority>
                                    
            </votes>
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         <titleInfo>
              <title>Lonchar v. Thomas, 517 U.S. 314 (1996)</title>
              <partNumber>517 U.S. 314</partNumber>
              <partName>Case</partName>
        </titleInfo>
         <identifier type="uri">https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/USREPORTS-517/USREPORTS-517-314</identifier>
         <identifier type="preferred citation">517 U.S. 314 (1996)</identifier>
         <identifier type="United States Reports citation">517 U.S. 314</identifier>
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              <identifier type="FDsys Unique ID">D09002ee1dec7003f</identifier>
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         <subject>
              <topic>Criminal Law and Procedure</topic>
              <topic>Delay</topic>
              <topic>Habeas Corpus</topic>
              <topic>Habeas Corpus Rules</topic>
              <topic>Eleventh Hour Petition</topic>
              <topic>Equitable Considerations</topic>
              <topic>Equity</topic>
              <topic>Capital Punishment</topic>
              <topic>Habeas Corpus</topic>
              <topic>Criminal Procedure</topic>
        </subject>
         <extension>
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              <decisionDate>1996-04-01</decisionDate>
              <courtTerm>1995</courtTerm>
              <usCitation>517 U.S. 314</usCitation>
              <fullCitation>517 U.S. 314 (1996)</fullCitation>
              <subject authority="llc" uri="https://www.loc.gov/research-centers/law-library-of-congress/about-this-research-center">
                                        
                   <topic>Criminal Law and Procedure</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Delay</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Habeas Corpus</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Habeas Corpus Rules</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Eleventh Hour Petition</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Equitable Considerations</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Equity</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Capital Punishment</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <subject authority="scdb" uri="http://scdb.wustl.edu/documentation.php?var=issue">
                                        
                   <topic>Habeas Corpus</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Criminal Procedure</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <docketId>1995-041-01</docketId>
              <petitioner>Person convicted of crime</petitioner>
              <respondent state="Georgia">State</respondent>
              <jurisdiction>Cert</jurisdiction>
              <caseOrigin>Georgia Northern U.S. District Court</caseOrigin>
              <caseSource>U.S. Court of Appeals, Eleventh Circuit</caseSource>
              <certReason>To resolve question presented</certReason>
              <chiefJustice>William H. Rehnquist</chiefJustice>
              <dateArgument>1995-12-04</dateArgument>
              <authorityDecision>Federal common law</authorityDecision>
              <authorityDecision>Statutory construction</authorityDecision>
              <law>
                                        
                   <type>Federal Statute</type>
                                        
                   <legalProvisions>28 U.S.C. �� 2241-2255 (habeas corpus)</legalProvisions>
                                    
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              <partyWinning>Petitioning party received a favorable disposition</partyWinning>
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                   <writer>Stephen G. Breyer</writer>
                                        
                   <assigner>John Paul Stevens</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
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                   <majority>5</majority>
                                        
                   <minority>4</minority>
                                    
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                   <topic>Indigents: U.S. Supreme Court Docketing Fee</topic>
                                        
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              <docketId>1995-042-01</docketId>
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                   <type>Court Rules</type>
                                        
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                   <assigner>William H. Rehnquist</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
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                   <majority>8</majority>
                                        
                   <minority>1</minority>
                                    
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         <titleInfo>
              <title>Bowersox v. Williams, 517 U.S. 345 (1996)</title>
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                   <topic>Habeas Corpus</topic>
                                        
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              <docketId>1995-043-01</docketId>
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              <majorityOpinion>
                                        
                   <assigner>William H. Rehnquist</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
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                   <majority>6</majority>
                                        
                   <minority>3</minority>
                                    
            </votes>
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         <titleInfo>
              <title>Cooper v. Oklahoma, 517 U.S. 348 (1996)</title>
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              <topic>Homicide</topic>
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              <topic>Due Process</topic>
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              <topic>Competence</topic>
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                   <topic>Homicide</topic>
                                        
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                   <topic>Due Process: Miscellaneous (Cf. Loyalty Oath), the Residual Code</topic>
                                        
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              <docketId>1995-044-01</docketId>
              <petitioner>Person allegedly criminally insane or mentally incompetent to stand trial</petitioner>
              <respondent state="Oklahoma">State</respondent>
              <jurisdiction>Cert</jurisdiction>
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                   <type>Constitutional Amendment</type>
                                        
                   <legalProvisions>Fourteenth Amendment (due process)</legalProvisions>
                                    
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              <disposition>Reversed and remanded</disposition>
              <partyWinning>Petitioning party received a favorable disposition</partyWinning>
              <majorityOpinion>
                                        
                   <writer>John Paul Stevens</writer>
                                        
                   <assigner>William H. Rehnquist</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
              <votes>
                                        
                   <majority>9</majority>
                                        
                   <minority>0</minority>
                                    
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         <titleInfo>
              <title>Markman v. Westview Instruments, Inc., 517 U.S. 370 (1996)</title>
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              <topic>Intellectual Property</topic>
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              <topic>Question of Fact</topic>
              <topic>Scope</topic>
              <topic>Intellectual Property Law</topic>
              <topic>Patent Claims</topic>
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              <topic>Terms of Art</topic>
              <topic>Right to Jury Trial</topic>
              <topic>Patents</topic>
              <topic>Jury Trial (Right To, as Distinct from Extra-Legal Jury Influences)</topic>
              <topic>Criminal Procedure</topic>
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                   <topic>Intellectual Property</topic>
                                        
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                   <topic>Jury Trial (Right To, as Distinct from Extra-Legal Jury Influences)</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Criminal Procedure</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <docketId>1995-045-01</docketId>
              <petitioner>Inventor, patent assigner, trademark owner or holder</petitioner>
              <respondent>Manufacturer</respondent>
              <jurisdiction>Cert</jurisdiction>
              <caseOrigin>Pennsylvania Eastern U.S. District Court</caseOrigin>
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                   <type>Constitutional Amendment</type>
                                        
                   <legalProvisions>Seventh Amendment</legalProvisions>
                                    
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              <disposition>Affirmed (includes modified)</disposition>
              <partyWinning>No favorable disposition for petitioning party apparent</partyWinning>
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                   <writer>David H. Souter</writer>
                                        
                   <assigner>William H. Rehnquist</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
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                   <majority>9</majority>
                                        
                   <minority>0</minority>
                                    
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              <title>Holly Farms Corp. v. NLRB, 517 U.S. 392 (1996)</title>
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              <topic>Labor-Management Disputes: Representative Election</topic>
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                   <topic>Livestock</topic>
                                        
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                   <topic>Labor-Management Disputes: Representative Election</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Unions</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <docketId>1995-046-01</docketId>
              <petitioner>Farmer, farm worker, or farm organization</petitioner>
              <respondent>National Labor Relations Board, or regional office or officer</respondent>
              <jurisdiction>Cert</jurisdiction>
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                   <type>Federal Statute</type>
                                        
                   <legalProvisions>National Labor Relations, as amended</legalProvisions>
                                    
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              <disposition>Affirmed (includes modified)</disposition>
              <partyWinning>No favorable disposition for petitioning party apparent</partyWinning>
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                   <writer>Ruth Bader Ginsburg</writer>
                                        
                   <assigner>John Paul Stevens</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
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                   <majority>5</majority>
                                        
                   <minority>4</minority>
                                    
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                   <topic>Criminal Law and Procedure</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Filing Date</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Post Verdict Motions</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Judicial Powers</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Sentencing</topic>
                                        
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                   <topic>Federal Rules of Criminal Procedure</topic>
                                        
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              <docketId>1995-047-01</docketId>
              <petitioner>Person accused, indicted, or suspected of crime</petitioner>
              <respondent>United States</respondent>
              <jurisdiction>Cert</jurisdiction>
              <caseOrigin>Michigan Western U.S. District Court</caseOrigin>
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                   <type>Court Rules</type>
                                        
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            </law>
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              <partyWinning>No favorable disposition for petitioning party apparent</partyWinning>
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                   <writer>Antonin Scalia</writer>
                                        
                   <assigner>William H. Rehnquist</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
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                   <majority>7</majority>
                                        
                   <minority>2</minority>
                                    
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              <topic>Burden of Proof</topic>
              <topic>Drugs and Narcotics</topic>
              <topic>Discovery</topic>
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            </subject>
              <docketId>1995-048-01</docketId>
              <petitioner>United States</petitioner>
              <respondent>Person accused, indicted, or suspected of crime</respondent>
              <jurisdiction>Cert</jurisdiction>
              <caseOrigin>California Central U.S. District Court</caseOrigin>
              <caseSource>U.S. Court of Appeals, Ninth Circuit</caseSource>
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                   <type>Court Rules</type>
                                        
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              <disposition>Reversed and remanded</disposition>
              <partyWinning>Petitioning party received a favorable disposition</partyWinning>
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                   <writer>William H. Rehnquist</writer>
                                        
                   <assigner>William H. Rehnquist</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
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                   <majority>8</majority>
                                        
                   <minority>1</minority>
                                    
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         <titleInfo>
              <title>44 Liquormart, Inc. v. Rhode Island, 517 U.S. 484 (1996)</title>
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              <partName>Case</partName>
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         <subject>
              <topic>Price Advertisements</topic>
              <topic>Temperance</topic>
              <topic>Marketing and Advertising</topic>
              <topic>Advertising Ban</topic>
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              <topic>Alcoholic Beverages</topic>
              <topic>Freedom of Speech</topic>
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                   <topic>Price Advertisements</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Temperance</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Marketing and Advertising</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Advertising Ban</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Constitutional Law</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Alcoholic Beverages</topic>
                                        
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              <subject authority="scdb" uri="http://scdb.wustl.edu/documentation.php?var=issue">
                                        
                   <topic>Commercial Speech, Excluding Attorneys</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>First Amendment</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <docketId>1995-049-01</docketId>
              <petitioner>Establishment serving liquor by the glass, or package liquor store</petitioner>
              <respondent state="Rhode Island">State</respondent>
              <jurisdiction>Cert</jurisdiction>
              <caseOrigin>Rhode Island U.S. District Court</caseOrigin>
              <caseSource>U.S. Court of Appeals, First Circuit</caseSource>
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                   <type>Constitutional Amendment</type>
                                        
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              <decisionType>Opinion of the court (orally argued)</decisionType>
              <unconstitutionality>State or territorial law, reg, or const provision unconstitutional</unconstitutionality>
              <disposition>Reversed</disposition>
              <partyWinning>Petitioning party received a favorable disposition</partyWinning>
              <majorityOpinion>
                                        
                   <writer>John Paul Stevens</writer>
                                        
                   <assigner>William H. Rehnquist</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
              <votes>
                                        
                   <majority>9</majority>
                                        
                   <minority>0</minority>
                                    
            </votes>
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         <titleInfo>
              <title>United States v. Noland, 517 U.S. 535 (1996)</title>
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         <subject>
              <topic>Bankruptcy Court</topic>
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              <topic>Administrative Expenses</topic>
              <topic>Tax Administration and Collection</topic>
              <topic>Judicial Powers</topic>
              <topic>Equity</topic>
              <topic>Bankruptcy Law</topic>
              <topic>Bankruptcy</topic>
              <topic>Priority of Federal Fiscal Claims: Over Those of the States or Private Entities</topic>
              <topic>Federal Taxation</topic>
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              <subject authority="llc" uri="https://www.loc.gov/research-centers/law-library-of-congress/about-this-research-center">
                                        
                   <topic>Bankruptcy Court</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Equitable Subordination</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Administrative Expenses</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Tax Administration and Collection</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Judicial Powers</topic>
                                        
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                   <topic>Priority of Federal Fiscal Claims: Over Those of the States or Private Entities</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Federal Taxation</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <docketId>1995-050-01</docketId>
              <petitioner>United States</petitioner>
              <respondent>Bankrupt person or business, or business in reorganization</respondent>
              <jurisdiction>Cert</jurisdiction>
              <caseOrigin>Ohio Southern U.S. District Court</caseOrigin>
              <caseSource>U.S. Court of Appeals, Sixth Circuit</caseSource>
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              <authorityDecision>Statutory construction</authorityDecision>
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                   <type>Federal Statute</type>
                                        
                   <legalProvisions>Bankruptcy Code, Bankruptcy Act or Rules, or Bankruptcy Reform Act of 1978</legalProvisions>
                                    
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              <majorityOpinion>
                                        
                   <writer>David H. Souter</writer>
                                        
                   <assigner>William H. Rehnquist</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
              <votes>
                                        
                   <majority>9</majority>
                                        
                   <minority>0</minority>
                                    
            </votes>
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              <title>Food and Commercial Workers v. Brown Group, Inc., 517 U.S. 544 (1996)</title>
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              <topic>Legal Remedies</topic>
              <topic>Labor-Management Relations</topic>
              <topic>Civil Procedure</topic>
              <topic>Labor Unions</topic>
              <topic>Statutory Construction</topic>
              <topic>Mass Layoffs</topic>
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                   <topic>Standing</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Legal Remedies</topic>
                                        
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                   <topic>Standing to Sue: Statutory Standing</topic>
                                        
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              <docketId>1995-051-01</docketId>
              <petitioner>Union, labor organization, or official of</petitioner>
              <respondent>Employer. If employer&apos;s relations with employees are governed by the nature of the employer&apos;s business (e.g., railroad, boat), rather than labor law generally, the more specific designation is used in place of Employer.</respondent>
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              <caseOrigin>Missouri Eastern U.S. District Court</caseOrigin>
              <caseSource>U.S. Court of Appeals, Eighth Circuit</caseSource>
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                   <type>Infrequently litigated statutes</type>
                                        
                   <legalProvisions>Infrequently litigated statutes</legalProvisions>
                                    
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              <disposition>Reversed and remanded</disposition>
              <partyWinning>Petitioning party received a favorable disposition</partyWinning>
              <majorityOpinion>
                                        
                   <writer>David H. Souter</writer>
                                        
                   <assigner>William H. Rehnquist</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
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                   <majority>9</majority>
                                        
                   <minority>0</minority>
                                    
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              <title>BMW of North America, Inc. v. Gore, 517 U.S. 559 (1996)</title>
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              <topic>Due Process</topic>
              <topic>Legal Remedies</topic>
              <topic>Automobiles</topic>
              <topic>Commercial Practices</topic>
              <topic>Business Ethics</topic>
              <topic>Punitive Damages</topic>
              <topic>Constitutional Law</topic>
              <topic>Liability, Punitive Damages</topic>
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                   <topic>Disclosure</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Torts</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Due Process</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Legal Remedies</topic>
                                        
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                   <topic>Commercial Practices</topic>
                                        
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                   <topic>Liability, Punitive Damages</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Economic Activity</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <docketId>1995-052-01</docketId>
              <petitioner>Car dealer</petitioner>
              <respondent>Buyer, purchaser</respondent>
              <jurisdiction>Cert</jurisdiction>
              <caseOrigin state="Alabama">State Trial Court</caseOrigin>
              <caseSource state="Alabama">State Supreme Court</caseSource>
              <certReason>Other reason</certReason>
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                   <type>Constitutional Amendment</type>
                                        
                   <legalProvisions>Fourteenth Amendment (due process)</legalProvisions>
                                    
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              <disposition>Reversed and remanded</disposition>
              <partyWinning>Petitioning party received a favorable disposition</partyWinning>
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                   <writer>John Paul Stevens</writer>
                                        
                   <assigner>John Paul Stevens</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
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                   <majority>5</majority>
                                        
                   <minority>4</minority>
                                    
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         <titleInfo>
              <title>Romer v. Evans, 517 U.S. 620 (1996)</title>
              <partNumber>517 U.S. 620</partNumber>
              <partName>Case</partName>
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              <topic>Discrimination</topic>
              <topic>State Constitution</topic>
              <topic>State and Local Government</topic>
              <topic>Equal Protection</topic>
              <topic>Protected Classes</topic>
              <topic>Constitutional Law</topic>
              <topic>Strict Scrutiny</topic>
              <topic>Privacy (Cf. Libel, Comity: Privacy)</topic>
              <topic>Privacy</topic>
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              <usCitation>517 U.S. 620</usCitation>
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              <subject authority="llc" uri="https://www.loc.gov/research-centers/law-library-of-congress/about-this-research-center">
                                        
                   <topic>L.G.B.T. Rights</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Discrimination</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>State Constitution</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>State and Local Government</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Equal Protection</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Protected Classes</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Constitutional Law</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Strict Scrutiny</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <subject authority="scdb" uri="http://scdb.wustl.edu/documentation.php?var=issue">
                                        
                   <topic>Privacy (Cf. Libel, Comity: Privacy)</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Privacy</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <docketId>1995-053-01</docketId>
              <petitioner>Political candidate, activist, committee, party, party member, organization, or elected official</petitioner>
              <respondent>Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transexual person or organization</respondent>
              <jurisdiction>Cert</jurisdiction>
              <caseOrigin state="Colorado">State Trial Court</caseOrigin>
              <caseSource state="Colorado">State Supreme Court</caseSource>
              <certReason>No reason given</certReason>
              <chiefJustice>William H. Rehnquist</chiefJustice>
              <dateArgument>1995-10-10</dateArgument>
              <authorityDecision>Judicial review (state level)</authorityDecision>
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                   <type>Constitutional Amendment</type>
                                        
                   <legalProvisions>Fourteenth Amendment (equal protection)</legalProvisions>
                                    
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              <unconstitutionality>State or territorial law, reg, or const provision unconstitutional</unconstitutionality>
              <disposition>Affirmed (includes modified)</disposition>
              <partyWinning>No favorable disposition for petitioning party apparent</partyWinning>
              <majorityOpinion>
                                        
                   <writer>Anthony M. Kennedy</writer>
                                        
                   <assigner>John Paul Stevens</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
              <votes>
                                        
                   <majority>6</majority>
                                        
                   <minority>3</minority>
                                    
            </votes>
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         <titleInfo>
              <title>Henderson v. United States, 517 U.S. 654 (1996)</title>
              <partNumber>517 U.S. 654</partNumber>
              <partName>Case</partName>
        </titleInfo>
         <identifier type="uri">https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/USREPORTS-517/USREPORTS-517-654</identifier>
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              <identifier type="FDsys Unique ID">D09002ee1dec70027</identifier>
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         <subject>
              <topic>Maritime and Admiralty Law</topic>
              <topic>Admiralty Procedure</topic>
              <topic>Service of Process</topic>
              <topic>Conflicts of Law</topic>
              <topic>Statute of Limitations</topic>
              <topic>Civil Procedure</topic>
              <topic>Federal Rules of Civil Procedure Including Supreme Court Rules, Application of the Federal Rules of Evidence, Federal Rules of Appellate Procedure in Civil Litigation, Circuit Court Rules, and State Rules and Admiralty Rules</topic>
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              <subject authority="llc" uri="https://www.loc.gov/research-centers/law-library-of-congress/about-this-research-center">
                                        
                   <topic>Maritime and Admiralty Law</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Admiralty Procedure</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Service of Process</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Conflicts of Law</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Statute of Limitations</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Civil Procedure</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <subject authority="scdb" uri="http://scdb.wustl.edu/documentation.php?var=issue">
                                        
                   <topic>Federal Rules of Civil Procedure Including Supreme Court Rules, Application of the Federal Rules of Evidence, Federal Rules of Appellate Procedure in Civil Litigation, Circuit Court Rules, and State Rules and Admiralty Rules</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Judicial Power</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <docketId>1995-054-01</docketId>
              <petitioner>Employee, or job applicant, including beneficiaries of</petitioner>
              <respondent>United States</respondent>
              <jurisdiction>Cert</jurisdiction>
              <caseOrigin>Texas Eastern U.S. District Court</caseOrigin>
              <caseSource>U.S. Court of Appeals, Fifth Circuit</caseSource>
              <certReason>Federal court conflict</certReason>
              <chiefJustice>William H. Rehnquist</chiefJustice>
              <dateArgument>1996-03-19</dateArgument>
              <authorityDecision>Statutory construction</authorityDecision>
              <law>
                                        
                   <type>Court Rules</type>
                                        
                   <legalProvisions>Federal Rules of Civil Procedure, including Appellate Procedure, or relevant rules of a circuit court Judicial Code, and admiralty rules</legalProvisions>
                                    
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              <decisionType>Opinion of the court (orally argued)</decisionType>
              <unconstitutionality>No declaration of unconstitutionality</unconstitutionality>
              <disposition>Reversed and remanded</disposition>
              <partyWinning>Petitioning party received a favorable disposition</partyWinning>
              <majorityOpinion>
                                        
                   <writer>Ruth Bader Ginsburg</writer>
                                        
                   <assigner>John Paul Stevens</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
              <votes>
                                        
                   <majority>6</majority>
                                        
                   <minority>3</minority>
                                    
            </votes>
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         <titleInfo>
              <title>Doctor&apos;s Associates, Inc. v. Casarotto, 517 U.S. 681 (1996)</title>
              <partNumber>517 U.S. 681</partNumber>
              <partName>Case</partName>
        </titleInfo>
         <identifier type="uri">https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/USREPORTS-517/USREPORTS-517-681</identifier>
         <identifier type="preferred citation">517 U.S. 681 (1996)</identifier>
         <identifier type="United States Reports citation">517 U.S. 681</identifier>
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              <identifier type="FDsys Unique ID">D09002ee1dec70049</identifier>
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         <subject>
              <topic>Preemption</topic>
              <topic>Contracts</topic>
              <topic>Franchises</topic>
              <topic>Conflicts of Law</topic>
              <topic>Alternative Dispute Resolution (A.D.R.)</topic>
              <topic>Franchise Agreements</topic>
              <topic>Notice Requirements</topic>
              <topic>Federal Pre-Emption of State Legislation or Regulation. Cf. State Regulation of Business. Rarely Involves Union Activity. Does Not Involve Constitutional Interpretation Unless the Court Says It Does.</topic>
              <topic>Federalism</topic>
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         <extension>
              <searchTitle>United States reports : cases adjudged in the Supreme Court at October term, 1995, Opinions of March 20 through (in part) June 13, 1996, Orders of March 20 through June 13, 1996;Doctor&apos;s Associates, Inc. v. Casarotto, 517 U.S. 681 (1996);517 U.S. 681</searchTitle>
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              <accessId>USREPORTS-517-681</accessId>
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              <decisionDate>1996-05-20</decisionDate>
              <courtTerm>1995</courtTerm>
              <usCitation>517 U.S. 681</usCitation>
              <fullCitation>517 U.S. 681 (1996)</fullCitation>
              <subject authority="llc" uri="https://www.loc.gov/research-centers/law-library-of-congress/about-this-research-center">
                                        
                   <topic>Preemption</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Contracts</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Franchises</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Conflicts of Law</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Alternative Dispute Resolution (A.D.R.)</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Franchise Agreements</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Notice Requirements</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <subject authority="scdb" uri="http://scdb.wustl.edu/documentation.php?var=issue">
                                        
                   <topic>Federal Pre-Emption of State Legislation or Regulation. Cf. State Regulation of Business. Rarely Involves Union Activity. Does Not Involve Constitutional Interpretation Unless the Court Says It Does.</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Federalism</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <docketId>1995-055-01</docketId>
              <petitioner>Franchiser</petitioner>
              <respondent>Franchisee</respondent>
              <jurisdiction>Cert</jurisdiction>
              <caseOrigin state="Montana">State Trial Court</caseOrigin>
              <caseSource state="Montana">State Supreme Court</caseSource>
              <certReason>No reason given</certReason>
              <chiefJustice>William H. Rehnquist</chiefJustice>
              <dateArgument>1996-04-16</dateArgument>
              <authorityDecision>Statutory construction</authorityDecision>
              <law>
                                        
                   <type>Infrequently litigated statutes</type>
                                        
                   <legalProvisions>Infrequently litigated statutes</legalProvisions>
                                    
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              <decisionType>Opinion of the court (orally argued)</decisionType>
              <unconstitutionality>No declaration of unconstitutionality</unconstitutionality>
              <disposition>Reversed and remanded</disposition>
              <partyWinning>Petitioning party received a favorable disposition</partyWinning>
              <majorityOpinion>
                                        
                   <writer>Ruth Bader Ginsburg</writer>
                                        
                   <assigner>William H. Rehnquist</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
              <votes>
                                        
                   <majority>8</majority>
                                        
                   <minority>1</minority>
                                    
            </votes>
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         <titleInfo>
              <title>Ornelas v. United States, 517 U.S. 690 (1996)</title>
              <partNumber>517 U.S. 690</partNumber>
              <partName>Case</partName>
        </titleInfo>
         <identifier type="uri">https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/USREPORTS-517/USREPORTS-517-690</identifier>
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         <identifier type="United States Reports citation">517 U.S. 690</identifier>
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              <identifier type="FDsys Unique ID">D09002ee1dec70043</identifier>
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         <subject>
              <topic>Criminal Law and Procedure</topic>
              <topic>Drugs and Narcotics</topic>
              <topic>Appellate Review</topic>
              <topic>Law Enforcement Officers</topic>
              <topic>Probable Cause</topic>
              <topic>Investigations</topic>
              <topic>Police Procedure</topic>
              <topic>Reasonable Suspicion</topic>
              <topic>Search and Seizure (Other than as Pertains to Vehicles or Crime Control Act)</topic>
              <topic>Criminal Procedure</topic>
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         <extension>
              <searchTitle>United States reports : cases adjudged in the Supreme Court at October term, 1995, Opinions of March 20 through (in part) June 13, 1996, Orders of March 20 through June 13, 1996;Ornelas v. United States, 517 U.S. 690 (1996);517 U.S. 690</searchTitle>
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              <accessId>USREPORTS-517-690</accessId>
              <reportNumber>690</reportNumber>
              <sequenceNumber>27</sequenceNumber>
              <pagePosition>1</pagePosition>
              <decisionDate>1996-05-28</decisionDate>
              <courtTerm>1995</courtTerm>
              <usCitation>517 U.S. 690</usCitation>
              <fullCitation>517 U.S. 690 (1996)</fullCitation>
              <subject authority="llc" uri="https://www.loc.gov/research-centers/law-library-of-congress/about-this-research-center">
                                        
                   <topic>Criminal Law and Procedure</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Drugs and Narcotics</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Appellate Review</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Law Enforcement Officers</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Probable Cause</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Investigations</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Police Procedure</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Reasonable Suspicion</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <subject authority="scdb" uri="http://scdb.wustl.edu/documentation.php?var=issue">
                                        
                   <topic>Search and Seizure (Other than as Pertains to Vehicles or Crime Control Act)</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Criminal Procedure</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <docketId>1995-056-01</docketId>
              <petitioner>Person accused, indicted, or suspected of crime</petitioner>
              <respondent>United States</respondent>
              <jurisdiction>Cert</jurisdiction>
              <caseOrigin>Wisconsin Eastern U.S. District Court</caseOrigin>
              <caseSource>U.S. Court of Appeals, Seventh Circuit</caseSource>
              <certReason>Federal court conflict</certReason>
              <chiefJustice>William H. Rehnquist</chiefJustice>
              <dateArgument>1996-03-26</dateArgument>
              <authorityDecision>Judicial review (state level)</authorityDecision>
              <law>
                                        
                   <type>Constitutional Amendment</type>
                                        
                   <legalProvisions>Fourth Amendment</legalProvisions>
                                    
            </law>
              <decisionType>Opinion of the court (orally argued)</decisionType>
              <unconstitutionality>No declaration of unconstitutionality</unconstitutionality>
              <disposition>Vacated and remanded</disposition>
              <partyWinning>Petitioning party received a favorable disposition</partyWinning>
              <majorityOpinion>
                                        
                   <writer>William H. Rehnquist</writer>
                                        
                   <assigner>William H. Rehnquist</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
              <votes>
                                        
                   <majority>8</majority>
                                        
                   <minority>1</minority>
                                    
            </votes>
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         <titleInfo>
              <title>Quackenbush v. Allstate Ins. Co., 517 U.S. 706 (1996)</title>
              <partNumber>517 U.S. 706</partNumber>
              <partName>Case</partName>
        </titleInfo>
         <identifier type="uri">https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/USREPORTS-517/USREPORTS-517-706</identifier>
         <identifier type="preferred citation">517 U.S. 706 (1996)</identifier>
         <identifier type="United States Reports citation">517 U.S. 706</identifier>
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              <identifier type="FDsys Unique ID">D09002ee1dec70053</identifier>
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         <subject>
              <topic>Appellate Procedure</topic>
              <topic>Jurisdiction and Venue</topic>
              <topic>Final Orders</topic>
              <topic>Civil Procedure</topic>
              <topic>Statutory Construction</topic>
              <topic>Judicial Administration: Supreme Court Jurisdiction or Authority on Appeal or Writ of Error, from Federal District Courts or Courts of Appeals (Cf. 753)</topic>
              <topic>Judicial Power</topic>
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              <decisionDate>1996-06-03</decisionDate>
              <courtTerm>1995</courtTerm>
              <usCitation>517 U.S. 706</usCitation>
              <fullCitation>517 U.S. 706 (1996)</fullCitation>
              <subject authority="llc" uri="https://www.loc.gov/research-centers/law-library-of-congress/about-this-research-center">
                                        
                   <topic>Appellate Procedure</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Jurisdiction and Venue</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Final Orders</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Civil Procedure</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Statutory Construction</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <subject authority="scdb" uri="http://scdb.wustl.edu/documentation.php?var=issue">
                                        
                   <topic>Judicial Administration: Supreme Court Jurisdiction or Authority on Appeal or Writ of Error, from Federal District Courts or Courts of Appeals (Cf. 753)</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Judicial Power</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <docketId>1995-057-01</docketId>
              <petitioner state="California">Governmental official, or an official of an agency established under an interstate compact</petitioner>
              <respondent>Insurance company, or surety</respondent>
              <jurisdiction>Cert</jurisdiction>
              <caseOrigin>California Central U.S. District Court</caseOrigin>
              <caseSource>U.S. Court of Appeals, Ninth Circuit</caseSource>
              <certReason>Federal court conflict</certReason>
              <chiefJustice>William H. Rehnquist</chiefJustice>
              <dateArgument>1996-02-20</dateArgument>
              <authorityDecision>Statutory construction</authorityDecision>
              <law>
                                        
                   <type>Infrequently litigated statutes</type>
                                        
                   <legalProvisions>Infrequently litigated statutes</legalProvisions>
                                    
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              <decisionType>Opinion of the court (orally argued)</decisionType>
              <unconstitutionality>No declaration of unconstitutionality</unconstitutionality>
              <disposition>Affirmed (includes modified)</disposition>
              <partyWinning>No favorable disposition for petitioning party apparent</partyWinning>
              <majorityOpinion>
                                        
                   <writer>Sandra Day O&apos;Connor</writer>
                                        
                   <assigner>William H. Rehnquist</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
              <votes>
                                        
                   <majority>9</majority>
                                        
                   <minority>0</minority>
                                    
            </votes>
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         <titleInfo>
              <title>Smiley v. Citibank (South Dakota), N.A., 517 U.S. 735 (1996)</title>
              <partNumber>517 U.S. 735</partNumber>
              <partName>Case</partName>
        </titleInfo>
         <identifier type="uri">https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/USREPORTS-517/USREPORTS-517-735</identifier>
         <identifier type="preferred citation">517 U.S. 735 (1996)</identifier>
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              <identifier type="FDsys Unique ID">D09002ee1dec6fe7c</identifier>
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         <subject>
              <topic>Conflicts of Law</topic>
              <topic>Late Fees</topic>
              <topic>Out-of-State Cardholders</topic>
              <topic>Credit Card</topic>
              <topic>Consumer Credit</topic>
              <topic>Interest</topic>
              <topic>Banks and Financial Institutions</topic>
              <topic>Accounting Law</topic>
              <topic>Judicial Review of Administrative Agency&apos;s or Administrative Official&apos;s Actions and Procedures</topic>
              <topic>Judicial Power</topic>
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              <courtTerm>1995</courtTerm>
              <usCitation>517 U.S. 735</usCitation>
              <fullCitation>517 U.S. 735 (1996)</fullCitation>
              <subject authority="llc" uri="https://www.loc.gov/research-centers/law-library-of-congress/about-this-research-center">
                                        
                   <topic>Conflicts of Law</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Late Fees</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Out-of-State Cardholders</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Credit Card</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Consumer Credit</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Interest</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Banks and Financial Institutions</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Accounting Law</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <subject authority="scdb" uri="http://scdb.wustl.edu/documentation.php?var=issue">
                                        
                   <topic>Judicial Review of Administrative Agency&apos;s or Administrative Official&apos;s Actions and Procedures</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Judicial Power</topic>
                                    
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              <docketId>1995-058-01</docketId>
              <petitioner>Consumer, consumer organization</petitioner>
              <respondent>Bank, savings and loan, credit union, investment company</respondent>
              <jurisdiction>Cert</jurisdiction>
              <adminAction>Comptroller of Currency</adminAction>
              <caseOrigin state="California">State Trial Court</caseOrigin>
              <caseSource state="California">State Supreme Court</caseSource>
              <certReason>Conflict between federal court and state court</certReason>
              <chiefJustice>William H. Rehnquist</chiefJustice>
              <dateArgument>1996-04-24</dateArgument>
              <authorityDecision>Interpretation of administrative regulation or rule, or executive order</authorityDecision>
              <authorityDecision>Statutory construction</authorityDecision>
              <law>
                                        
                   <type>Infrequently litigated statutes</type>
                                        
                   <legalProvisions>Infrequently litigated statutes</legalProvisions>
                                    
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              <decisionType>Opinion of the court (orally argued)</decisionType>
              <unconstitutionality>No declaration of unconstitutionality</unconstitutionality>
              <disposition>Affirmed (includes modified)</disposition>
              <partyWinning>No favorable disposition for petitioning party apparent</partyWinning>
              <majorityOpinion>
                                        
                   <writer>Antonin Scalia</writer>
                                        
                   <assigner>William H. Rehnquist</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
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                   <majority>9</majority>
                                        
                   <minority>0</minority>
                                    
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              <docketId>1995-059-01</docketId>
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              <partyWinning>No favorable disposition for petitioning party apparent</partyWinning>
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                   <writer>Anthony M. Kennedy</writer>
                                        
                   <assigner>William H. Rehnquist</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
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                   <majority>9</majority>
                                        
                   <minority>0</minority>
                                    
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              <title>Auciello Iron Works, Inc. v. NLRB, 517 U.S. 781 (1996)</title>
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                   <topic>Labor-Management Disputes: Representative Election</topic>
                                        
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                   <type>Federal Statute</type>
                                        
                   <legalProvisions>National Labor Relations, as amended</legalProvisions>
                                    
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              <disposition>Affirmed (includes modified)</disposition>
              <partyWinning>No favorable disposition for petitioning party apparent</partyWinning>
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                   <writer>David H. Souter</writer>
                                        
                   <assigner>William H. Rehnquist</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
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                   <majority>9</majority>
                                        
                   <minority>0</minority>
                                    
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         <titleInfo>
              <title>Richards v. Jefferson County, 517 U.S. 793 (1996)</title>
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              <petitioner state="Alabama">State or local governmental taxpayer, or executor of the estate of</petitioner>
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                   <writer>John Paul Stevens</writer>
                                        
                   <assigner>William H. Rehnquist</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
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                   <majority>9</majority>
                                        
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                   <topic>Search and Seizure, Vehicles</topic>
                                        
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              <docketId>1995-062-01</docketId>
              <petitioner>Person accused, indicted, or suspected of crime</petitioner>
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                   <writer>Antonin Scalia</writer>
                                        
                   <assigner>William H. Rehnquist</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
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                   <majority>9</majority>
                                        
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                   <topic>Judicial Powers</topic>
                                        
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                   <topic>Subconstitutional Fair Procedure: Fugitive from Justice</topic>
                                        
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              <docketId>1995-063-01</docketId>
              <petitioner>Owner, landlord, or claimant to ownership, fee interest, or possession of land as well as chattels</petitioner>
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                   <writer>Anthony M. Kennedy</writer>
                                        
                   <assigner>William H. Rehnquist</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
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                   <majority>9</majority>
                                        
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         <titleInfo>
              <title>Exxon Co., U.S.A. v. Sofec, Inc., 517 U.S. 830 (1996)</title>
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              <topic>Legal Remedies</topic>
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                   <topic>Negligence</topic>
                                        
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                   <topic>Liability, Other than as in Sufficiency of Evidence, Election of Remedies, Punitive Damages</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Economic Activity</topic>
                                    
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              <docketId>1995-064-01</docketId>
              <petitioner>Water transportation, stevedore</petitioner>
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                   <writer>Clarence Thomas</writer>
                                        
                   <assigner>William H. Rehnquist</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
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                   <majority>9</majority>
                                        
                   <minority>0</minority>
                                    
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              <docketId>1995-065-01</docketId>
              <petitioner>United States</petitioner>
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                   <writer>Clarence Thomas</writer>
                                        
                   <assigner>William H. Rehnquist</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
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                   <majority>6</majority>
                                        
                   <minority>2</minority>
                                    
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              <docketId>1995-066-01</docketId>
              <petitioner>Employer. If employer&apos;s relations with employees are governed by the nature of the employer&apos;s business (e.g., railroad, boat), rather than labor law generally, the more specific designation is used in place of Employer.</petitioner>
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                   <type>Federal Statute</type>
                                        
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                   <writer>Clarence Thomas</writer>
                                        
                   <assigner>William H. Rehnquist</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
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                   <majority>9</majority>
                                        
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         <titleInfo>
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              <topic>Strict Scrutiny</topic>
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              <topic>Constitutional Law</topic>
              <topic>Racial Gerrymandering</topic>
              <topic>Reapportionment: Other than Plans Governed by the Voting Rights Act</topic>
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                   <topic>Reapportionment: Other than Plans Governed by the Voting Rights Act</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Civil Rights</topic>
                                    
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              <docketId>1995-067-01</docketId>
              <petitioner>Voter, prospective voter, elector, or a nonelective official seeking reapportionment or redistricting of legislative districts (POL)</petitioner>
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                   <writer>William H. Rehnquist</writer>
                                        
                   <assigner>William H. Rehnquist</assigner>
                                    
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                   <majority>5</majority>
                                        
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              <docketId>1995-068-01</docketId>
              <petitioner state="Texas">Governmental official, or an official of an agency established under an interstate compact</petitioner>
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