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              <partyWinning>Petitioning party received a favorable disposition</partyWinning>
              <majorityOpinion>
                                        
                   <assigner>William J. Brennan, Jr.</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
              <votes>
                                        
                   <majority>5</majority>
                                        
                   <minority>4</minority>
                                    
            </votes>
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         <titleInfo>
              <title>White v. United States, 493 U.S. 5 (1989)</title>
              <partNumber>493 U.S. 5</partNumber>
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                   <topic>No Merits: Writ Improvidently Granted</topic>
                                        
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              <docketId>1989-002-01</docketId>
              <petitioner>Unidentifiable</petitioner>
              <respondent>United States</respondent>
              <jurisdiction>Cert</jurisdiction>
              <caseSource>U.S. Court of Appeals, Second Circuit</caseSource>
              <certReason>No reason given</certReason>
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              <authorityDecision>Supreme Court supervision of lower federal or state courts or original jurisdiction</authorityDecision>
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              <decisionType>Per curiam (orally argued)</decisionType>
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              <disposition>Petition denied or appeal dismissed</disposition>
              <partyWinning>No favorable disposition for petitioning party apparent</partyWinning>
              <majorityOpinion>
                                        
                   <assigner>William H. Rehnquist</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
              <votes>
                                        
                   <majority>8</majority>
                                        
                   <minority>1</minority>
                                    
            </votes>
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         <titleInfo>
              <title>Northbrook National Ins. Co. v. Brewer, 493 U.S. 6 (1989)</title>
              <partNumber>493 U.S. 6</partNumber>
              <partName>Case</partName>
        </titleInfo>
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         <subject>
              <topic>Workers&apos; Compensation</topic>
              <topic>Direct Action</topic>
              <topic>Jurisdiction and Venue</topic>
              <topic>Diversity Jurisdiction</topic>
              <topic>Civil Procedure</topic>
              <topic>Insurance</topic>
              <topic>Worker Safety and Health</topic>
              <topic>Election of Remedies: Legal Remedies Available to Injured Persons or Things</topic>
              <topic>Economic Activity</topic>
        </subject>
         <extension>
              <searchTitle>United States reports : cases adjudged in the Supreme Court at October term, 1989, beginning of term, October 2, 1989, through February 20, 1990;Northbrook National Ins. Co. v. Brewer, 493 U.S. 6 (1989);493 U.S. 6</searchTitle>
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              <reportNumber>6</reportNumber>
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              <decisionDate>1989-11-07</decisionDate>
              <courtTerm>1989</courtTerm>
              <usCitation>493 U.S. 6</usCitation>
              <fullCitation>493 U.S. 6 (1989)</fullCitation>
              <subject authority="llc" uri="https://www.loc.gov/research-centers/law-library-of-congress/about-this-research-center">
                                        
                   <topic>Workers&apos; Compensation</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Direct Action</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Jurisdiction and Venue</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Diversity Jurisdiction</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Civil Procedure</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Insurance</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Worker Safety and Health</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <subject authority="scdb" uri="http://scdb.wustl.edu/documentation.php?var=issue">
                                        
                   <topic>Election of Remedies: Legal Remedies Available to Injured Persons or Things</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Economic Activity</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <docketId>1989-003-01</docketId>
              <petitioner>Insurance company, or surety</petitioner>
              <respondent>Employee, or job applicant, including beneficiaries of</respondent>
              <jurisdiction>Cert</jurisdiction>
              <adminAction state="Texas">State Agency</adminAction>
              <caseOrigin>Texas Eastern U.S. District Court</caseOrigin>
              <caseSource>U.S. Court of Appeals, Fifth Circuit</caseSource>
              <certReason>No reason given</certReason>
              <chiefJustice>William H. Rehnquist</chiefJustice>
              <dateArgument>1989-10-04</dateArgument>
              <authorityDecision>Statutory construction</authorityDecision>
              <law>
                                        
                   <type>Infrequently litigated statutes</type>
                                        
                   <legalProvisions>Infrequently litigated statutes</legalProvisions>
                                    
            </law>
              <decisionType>Opinion of the court (orally argued)</decisionType>
              <unconstitutionality>No declaration of unconstitutionality</unconstitutionality>
              <disposition>Reversed and remanded</disposition>
              <partyWinning>Petitioning party received a favorable disposition</partyWinning>
              <majorityOpinion>
                                        
                   <writer>Thurgood Marshall</writer>
                                        
                   <assigner>William H. Rehnquist</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
              <votes>
                                        
                   <majority>8</majority>
                                        
                   <minority>1</minority>
                                    
            </votes>
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         <titleInfo>
              <title>Hallstrom v. Tillamook County, 493 U.S. 20 (1989)</title>
              <partNumber>493 U.S. 20</partNumber>
              <partName>Case</partName>
        </titleInfo>
         <identifier type="uri">https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/USREPORTS-493/USREPORTS-493-20</identifier>
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         <subject>
              <topic>Notice</topic>
              <topic>Subject-Matter Jurisdiction</topic>
              <topic>Jurisdiction and Venue</topic>
              <topic>Environmental Law</topic>
              <topic>Civil Procedure</topic>
              <topic>Statutory Construction</topic>
              <topic>Natural Resources - Environmental Protection (Cf. National Supremacy: Natural Resources, National Supremacy: Pollution)</topic>
              <topic>Economic Activity</topic>
        </subject>
         <extension>
              <searchTitle>United States reports : cases adjudged in the Supreme Court at October term, 1989, beginning of term, October 2, 1989, through February 20, 1990;Hallstrom v. Tillamook County, 493 U.S. 20 (1989);493 U.S. 20</searchTitle>
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              <subject authority="llc" uri="https://www.loc.gov/research-centers/law-library-of-congress/about-this-research-center">
                                        
                   <topic>Notice</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Subject-Matter Jurisdiction</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Jurisdiction and Venue</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Environmental Law</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Civil Procedure</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Statutory Construction</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <subject authority="scdb" uri="http://scdb.wustl.edu/documentation.php?var=issue">
                                        
                   <topic>Natural Resources - Environmental Protection (Cf. National Supremacy: Natural Resources, National Supremacy: Pollution)</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Economic Activity</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <docketId>1989-004-01</docketId>
              <petitioner>Farmer, farm worker, or farm organization</petitioner>
              <respondent state="Oregon">County government or county governmental unit, except school district</respondent>
              <jurisdiction>Cert</jurisdiction>
              <caseOrigin>Oregon U.S. District Court</caseOrigin>
              <caseSource>U.S. Court of Appeals, Ninth Circuit</caseSource>
              <certReason>Federal court conflict</certReason>
              <chiefJustice>William H. Rehnquist</chiefJustice>
              <dateArgument>1989-10-04</dateArgument>
              <authorityDecision>Statutory construction</authorityDecision>
              <law>
                                        
                   <type>Infrequently litigated statutes</type>
                                        
                   <legalProvisions>Infrequently litigated statutes</legalProvisions>
                                    
            </law>
              <decisionType>Opinion of the court (orally argued)</decisionType>
              <unconstitutionality>No declaration of unconstitutionality</unconstitutionality>
              <disposition>Affirmed (includes modified)</disposition>
              <partyWinning>No favorable disposition for petitioning party apparent</partyWinning>
              <majorityOpinion>
                                        
                   <writer>Sandra Day O&apos;Connor</writer>
                                        
                   <assigner>William H. Rehnquist</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
              <votes>
                                        
                   <majority>7</majority>
                                        
                   <minority>2</minority>
                                    
            </votes>
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         <titleInfo>
              <title>Michigan Citizens for Indep. Press v. Thornburgh, 493 U.S. 38 (1989)</title>
              <partNumber>493 U.S. 38</partNumber>
              <partName>Case</partName>
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         <identifier type="uri">https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/USREPORTS-493/USREPORTS-493-38</identifier>
         <identifier type="preferred citation">493 U.S. 38 (1989)</identifier>
         <identifier type="United States Reports citation">493 U.S. 38</identifier>
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              <identifier type="FDsys Unique ID">D09002ee1d5389f3d</identifier>
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         <subject>
              <topic>Antitrust (Except in the Context of Mergers and Union Antitrust)</topic>
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        </subject>
         <extension>
              <searchTitle>United States reports : cases adjudged in the Supreme Court at October term, 1989, beginning of term, October 2, 1989, through February 20, 1990;Michigan Citizens for Indep. Press v. Thornburgh, 493 U.S. 38 (1989);493 U.S. 38</searchTitle>
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              <subject authority="llc" uri="https://www.loc.gov/research-centers/law-library-of-congress/about-this-research-center"></subject>
              <subject authority="scdb" uri="http://scdb.wustl.edu/documentation.php?var=issue">
                                        
                   <topic>Antitrust (Except in the Context of Mergers and Union Antitrust)</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Economic Activity</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <docketId>1989-005-01</docketId>
              <petitioner>Public interest organization</petitioner>
              <respondent>Attorney general of the United States, or his office</respondent>
              <jurisdiction>Cert</jurisdiction>
              <caseOrigin>District Of Columbia U.S. District Court</caseOrigin>
              <caseSource>U.S. Court of Appeals, District of Columbia Circuit (includes the Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia but not the District of Columbia Court of Appeals, which has local jurisdiction)</caseSource>
              <chiefJustice>William H. Rehnquist</chiefJustice>
              <dateArgument>1989-10-30</dateArgument>
              <authorityDecision>Supreme Court supervision of lower federal or state courts or original jurisdiction</authorityDecision>
              <law></law>
              <decisionType>Equally divided vote</decisionType>
              <unconstitutionality>No declaration of unconstitutionality</unconstitutionality>
              <disposition>Affirmed (includes modified)</disposition>
              <partyWinning>No favorable disposition for petitioning party apparent</partyWinning>
              <majorityOpinion></majorityOpinion>
              <votes>
                                        
                   <majority>4</majority>
                                        
                   <minority>4</minority>
                                    
            </votes>
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         <titleInfo>
              <title>Chesapeake &amp; Ohio R. Co. v. Schwalb, 493 U.S. 40 (1989)</title>
              <partNumber>493 U.S. 40</partNumber>
              <partName>Case</partName>
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         <identifier type="uri">https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/USREPORTS-493/USREPORTS-493-40</identifier>
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         <subject>
              <topic>Negligence</topic>
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              <topic>Exclusive Remedies</topic>
              <topic>Torts</topic>
              <topic>Statutory Construction</topic>
              <topic>Remedies</topic>
              <topic>Legal Remedies</topic>
              <topic>Worker Safety and Health</topic>
              <topic>Workers&apos; Compensation</topic>
              <topic>Election of Remedies: Legal Remedies Available to Injured Persons or Things</topic>
              <topic>Economic Activity</topic>
        </subject>
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              <decisionDate>1989-11-28</decisionDate>
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                   <topic>Negligence</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Railroads</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Exclusive Remedies</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Torts</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Statutory Construction</topic>
                                        
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                   <topic>Legal Remedies</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Worker Safety and Health</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Workers&apos; Compensation</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <subject authority="scdb" uri="http://scdb.wustl.edu/documentation.php?var=issue">
                                        
                   <topic>Election of Remedies: Legal Remedies Available to Injured Persons or Things</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Economic Activity</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <docketId>1989-006-01</docketId>
              <petitioner>Railroad</petitioner>
              <respondent>Employee, or job applicant, including beneficiaries of</respondent>
              <jurisdiction>Cert</jurisdiction>
              <caseOrigin state="Virginia">State Trial Court</caseOrigin>
              <caseSource state="Virginia">State Supreme Court</caseSource>
              <certReason>Conflict between federal court and state court</certReason>
              <chiefJustice>William H. Rehnquist</chiefJustice>
              <dateArgument>1989-10-03</dateArgument>
              <authorityDecision>Statutory construction</authorityDecision>
              <law>
                                        
                   <type>Federal Statute</type>
                                        
                   <legalProvisions>Longshoremen and Harbor Workers&apos; Compensation</legalProvisions>
                                    
            </law>
              <decisionType>Opinion of the court (orally argued)</decisionType>
              <unconstitutionality>No declaration of unconstitutionality</unconstitutionality>
              <disposition>Reversed</disposition>
              <partyWinning>Petitioning party received a favorable disposition</partyWinning>
              <majorityOpinion>
                                        
                   <writer>Byron Raymond White</writer>
                                        
                   <assigner>William H. Rehnquist</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
              <votes>
                                        
                   <majority>9</majority>
                                        
                   <minority>0</minority>
                                    
            </votes>
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         <titleInfo>
              <title>United States v. Sperry Corp., 493 U.S. 52 (1989)</title>
              <partNumber>493 U.S. 52</partNumber>
              <partName>Case</partName>
        </titleInfo>
         <identifier type="uri">https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/USREPORTS-493/USREPORTS-493-52</identifier>
         <identifier type="preferred citation">493 U.S. 52 (1989)</identifier>
         <identifier type="United States Reports citation">493 U.S. 52</identifier>
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              <identifier type="FDsys Unique ID">D09002ee1d5389eda</identifier>
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         <subject>
              <topic>Just Compensation</topic>
              <topic>Prejudgment Attachment</topic>
              <topic>West Asia</topic>
              <topic>Due Process</topic>
              <topic>Banks and Financial Institutions</topic>
              <topic>Foreign and International Banking</topic>
              <topic>Iran</topic>
              <topic>Civil Procedure</topic>
              <topic>Foreign Relations</topic>
              <topic>Constitutional Law</topic>
              <topic>Due Process: Takings Clause, or Other Non-Constitutional Governmental Taking of Property</topic>
              <topic>Due Process</topic>
        </subject>
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              <sequenceNumber>14</sequenceNumber>
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              <decisionDate>1989-11-28</decisionDate>
              <courtTerm>1989</courtTerm>
              <usCitation>493 U.S. 52</usCitation>
              <fullCitation>493 U.S. 52 (1989)</fullCitation>
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                   <topic>Just Compensation</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Prejudgment Attachment</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>West Asia</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Due Process</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Banks and Financial Institutions</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Foreign and International Banking</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Iran</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Civil Procedure</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Foreign Relations</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Constitutional Law</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <subject authority="scdb" uri="http://scdb.wustl.edu/documentation.php?var=issue">
                                        
                   <topic>Due Process: Takings Clause, or Other Non-Constitutional Governmental Taking of Property</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Due Process</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <docketId>1989-007-01</docketId>
              <petitioner>United States</petitioner>
              <respondent>Government contractor</respondent>
              <jurisdiction>Appeal</jurisdiction>
              <caseOrigin>U.S. Court of Claims, Court of Federal Claims</caseOrigin>
              <caseSource>U.S. Court of Appeals, Federal Circuit</caseSource>
              <certReason>Case did not arise on cert or cert not granted</certReason>
              <chiefJustice>William H. Rehnquist</chiefJustice>
              <dateArgument>1989-10-10</dateArgument>
              <authorityDecision>Judicial review (national level)</authorityDecision>
              <law>
                                        
                   <type>Constitutional Amendment</type>
                                        
                   <legalProvisions>Fifth Amendment (takings clause)</legalProvisions>
                                    
            </law>
              <decisionType>Opinion of the court (orally argued)</decisionType>
              <unconstitutionality>No declaration of unconstitutionality</unconstitutionality>
              <disposition>Reversed and remanded</disposition>
              <partyWinning>Petitioning party received a favorable disposition</partyWinning>
              <majorityOpinion>
                                        
                   <writer>Byron Raymond White</writer>
                                        
                   <assigner>William H. Rehnquist</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
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                   <majority>9</majority>
                                        
                   <minority>0</minority>
                                    
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              <topic>Job Referral Service</topic>
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              <topic>Labor and Employment Law</topic>
              <topic>Contracts</topic>
              <topic>Collective-Bargaining Agreements</topic>
              <topic>National Labor Relations Act (N.L.R.A.)</topic>
              <topic>Hiring Hall</topic>
              <topic>Fair Representation</topic>
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                   <type>Federal Statute</type>
                                        
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                   <writer>William J. Brennan, Jr.</writer>
                                        
                   <assigner>William H. Rehnquist</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
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                   <majority>7</majority>
                                        
                   <minority>2</minority>
                                    
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              <topic>Statutory Construction</topic>
              <topic>Legal Remedies</topic>
              <topic>Franchise Renewal</topic>
              <topic>National Labor Relations Act (N.L.R.A.)</topic>
              <topic>Unfair Labor Practices</topic>
              <topic>Federal Rights</topic>
              <topic>Liability, Civil Rights Acts (Cf. Liability, Governmental and Liability, Nongovernmental, Cruel and Unusual Punishment, Non-Death Penalty)</topic>
              <topic>Civil Rights</topic>
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              <docketId>1989-009-01</docketId>
              <petitioner>Bus or motorized passenger transportation vehicle</petitioner>
              <respondent state="California">City, town, township, village, or borough government or governmental unit</respondent>
              <jurisdiction>Cert</jurisdiction>
              <caseOrigin>California Central U.S. District Court</caseOrigin>
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              <authorityDecision>Statutory construction</authorityDecision>
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                   <type>Federal Statute</type>
                                        
                   <legalProvisions>Reconstruction Civil Rights Acts (42 U.S.C. �� 1983)</legalProvisions>
                                    
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              <decisionType>Opinion of the court (orally argued)</decisionType>
              <unconstitutionality>No declaration of unconstitutionality</unconstitutionality>
              <disposition>Reversed and remanded</disposition>
              <partyWinning>Petitioning party received a favorable disposition</partyWinning>
              <majorityOpinion>
                                        
                   <writer>John Paul Stevens</writer>
                                        
                   <assigner>William J. Brennan, Jr.</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
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                   <majority>6</majority>
                                        
                   <minority>3</minority>
                                    
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              <title>Pavelic &amp; LeFlore v. Marvel Entertainment, 493 U.S. 120 (1989)</title>
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              <topic>Legal Ethics</topic>
              <topic>Civil Procedure</topic>
              <topic>Sanctions</topic>
              <topic>Sanction Scope</topic>
              <topic>Copyright Infringement</topic>
              <topic>Federal Rules of Civil Procedure Including Supreme Court Rules, Application of the Federal Rules of Evidence, Federal Rules of Appellate Procedure in Civil Litigation, Circuit Court Rules, and State Rules and Admiralty Rules</topic>
              <topic>Judicial Power</topic>
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                   <topic>Signatures</topic>
                                        
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                   <topic>Federal Rules of Civil Procedure Including Supreme Court Rules, Application of the Federal Rules of Evidence, Federal Rules of Appellate Procedure in Civil Litigation, Circuit Court Rules, and State Rules and Admiralty Rules</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Judicial Power</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <docketId>1989-010-01</docketId>
              <petitioner>Attorney, or person acting as such, includes bar applicant or law student, or law firm or bar association</petitioner>
              <respondent>Publisher, publishing company</respondent>
              <jurisdiction>Cert</jurisdiction>
              <caseOrigin>New York Southern U.S. District Court</caseOrigin>
              <caseSource>U.S. Court of Appeals, Second Circuit</caseSource>
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                   <type>Court Rules</type>
                                        
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              <unconstitutionality>No declaration of unconstitutionality</unconstitutionality>
              <disposition>Reversed and remanded</disposition>
              <partyWinning>Petitioning party received a favorable disposition</partyWinning>
              <majorityOpinion>
                                        
                   <writer>Antonin Scalia</writer>
                                        
                   <assigner>William H. Rehnquist</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
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                   <majority>8</majority>
                                        
                   <minority>1</minority>
                                    
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         <titleInfo>
              <title>United States v. Goodyear Tire &amp; Rubber Co., 493 U.S. 132 (1989)</title>
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              <topic>Corporate Income Tax</topic>
              <topic>Accumulated Profits</topic>
              <topic>Conflicts of Law</topic>
              <topic>Tax Administration and Collection</topic>
              <topic>Controlled Foreign Company</topic>
              <topic>Indirect Tax Credits</topic>
              <topic>Federal Taxation, Typically Under Provisions of the Internal Revenue Code</topic>
              <topic>Federal Taxation</topic>
        </subject>
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                   <topic>Tax Law</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Taxation of Foreign Income</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Corporate Income Tax</topic>
                                        
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                   <topic>Conflicts of Law</topic>
                                        
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                   <topic>Federal Taxation, Typically Under Provisions of the Internal Revenue Code</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Federal Taxation</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <docketId>1989-011-01</docketId>
              <petitioner>United States</petitioner>
              <respondent>Taxpayer or executor of taxpayer&apos;s estate, federal only</respondent>
              <jurisdiction>Cert</jurisdiction>
              <adminAction>Internal Revenue Service, Collector, Commissioner, or District Director of</adminAction>
              <caseOrigin>U.S. Court of Claims, Court of Federal Claims</caseOrigin>
              <caseSource>U.S. Court of Appeals, Federal Circuit</caseSource>
              <certReason>To resolve important or significant question</certReason>
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                   <type>Federal Statute</type>
                                        
                   <legalProvisions>Internal Revenue Code and pre-IRC revenue acts</legalProvisions>
                                    
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              <unconstitutionality>No declaration of unconstitutionality</unconstitutionality>
              <disposition>Reversed and remanded</disposition>
              <partyWinning>Petitioning party received a favorable disposition</partyWinning>
              <majorityOpinion>
                                        
                   <writer>Thurgood Marshall</writer>
                                        
                   <assigner>William H. Rehnquist</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
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                   <majority>9</majority>
                                        
                   <minority>0</minority>
                                    
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              <title>John Doe Agency et al. v. John Doe Corp., 493 U.S. 146 (1989)</title>
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              <topic>Criminal Law and Procedure</topic>
              <topic>Freedom of Information Act (F.O.I.A.)</topic>
              <topic>Law Enforcement Officers</topic>
              <topic>Investigatory Records</topic>
              <topic>Law Enforcement Exemption</topic>
              <topic>Freedom of Information Act and Related Federal or State Statutes or Regulations</topic>
              <topic>Privacy</topic>
        </subject>
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                   <topic>Accounting and Auditing</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Criminal Law and Procedure</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Freedom of Information Act (F.O.I.A.)</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Law Enforcement Officers</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Investigatory Records</topic>
                                        
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                   <topic>Freedom of Information Act and Related Federal or State Statutes or Regulations</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Privacy</topic>
                                    
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              <docketId>1989-012-01</docketId>
              <petitioner>Department or Secretary of Defense (and Department or Secretary of War)</petitioner>
              <respondent>Government contractor</respondent>
              <jurisdiction>Cert</jurisdiction>
              <adminAction>Department or Secretary of Defense (and Department or Secretary of War)</adminAction>
              <caseOrigin>New York Eastern U.S. District Court</caseOrigin>
              <caseSource>U.S. Court of Appeals, Second Circuit</caseSource>
              <certReason>Federal court conflict and to resolve important or significant question</certReason>
              <chiefJustice>William H. Rehnquist</chiefJustice>
              <dateArgument>1989-10-02</dateArgument>
              <authorityDecision>Statutory construction</authorityDecision>
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                   <type>Federal Statute</type>
                                        
                   <legalProvisions>Freedom of Information, Sunshine, or Privacy Act</legalProvisions>
                                    
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              <unconstitutionality>No declaration of unconstitutionality</unconstitutionality>
              <disposition>Reversed and remanded</disposition>
              <partyWinning>Petitioning party received a favorable disposition</partyWinning>
              <majorityOpinion>
                                        
                   <writer>Harry A. Blackmun</writer>
                                        
                   <assigner>William H. Rehnquist</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
              <votes>
                                        
                   <majority>6</majority>
                                        
                   <minority>3</minority>
                                    
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              <title>Hoffmann-La Roche Inc. v. Sperling, 493 U.S. 165 (1989)</title>
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              <partName>Case</partName>
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              <topic>Trial Court Involvement</topic>
              <topic>Civil Procedure</topic>
              <topic>Judicial Powers</topic>
              <topic>Age Discrimination in Employment Act of (A.D.E.A.)</topic>
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                   <topic>Notice</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Discrimination</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Trial Court Involvement</topic>
                                        
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                   <topic>Judicial Administration: Jurisdiction or Authority of Federal District Courts or Territorial Courts</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Judicial Power</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <docketId>1989-013-01</docketId>
              <petitioner>Employer. If employer&apos;s relations with employees are governed by the nature of the employer&apos;s business (e.g., railroad, boat), rather than labor law generally, the more specific designation is used in place of Employer.</petitioner>
              <respondent>Employee, or job applicant, including beneficiaries of</respondent>
              <jurisdiction>Cert</jurisdiction>
              <caseOrigin>New Jersey U.S. District Court</caseOrigin>
              <caseSource>U.S. Court of Appeals, Third Circuit</caseSource>
              <certReason>Federal court conflict</certReason>
              <chiefJustice>William H. Rehnquist</chiefJustice>
              <dateArgument>1989-10-02</dateArgument>
              <authorityDecision>Statutory construction</authorityDecision>
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                   <type>Federal Statute</type>
                                        
                   <legalProvisions>Age Discrimination in Employment</legalProvisions>
                                    
            </law>
              <decisionType>Opinion of the court (orally argued)</decisionType>
              <unconstitutionality>No declaration of unconstitutionality</unconstitutionality>
              <disposition>Affirmed (includes modified)</disposition>
              <partyWinning>No favorable disposition for petitioning party apparent</partyWinning>
              <majorityOpinion>
                                        
                   <writer>Anthony M. Kennedy</writer>
                                        
                   <assigner>William J. Brennan, Jr.</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
              <votes>
                                        
                   <majority>7</majority>
                                        
                   <minority>2</minority>
                                    
            </votes>
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              <title>University of Pennsylvania v. EEOC, 493 U.S. 182 (1990)</title>
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              <partName>Case</partName>
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         <subject>
              <topic>Higher Education</topic>
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              <topic>Evidence</topic>
              <topic>Universities</topic>
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              <topic>Discrimination</topic>
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              <topic>Administrative Law and Regulatory Procedure</topic>
              <topic>Tenure</topic>
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                   <topic>Higher Education</topic>
                                        
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                   <topic>Academic Freedom</topic>
                                        
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            </subject>
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                   <topic>First Amendment, Miscellaneous (Cf. Comity: First Amendment)</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>First Amendment</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <docketId>1989-014-01</docketId>
              <petitioner>Private school, college, or university</petitioner>
              <respondent>Equal Employment Opportunity Commission</respondent>
              <jurisdiction>Cert</jurisdiction>
              <adminAction>Equal Employment Opportunity Commission</adminAction>
              <caseOrigin>Pennsylvania Eastern U.S. District Court</caseOrigin>
              <caseSource>U.S. Court of Appeals, Third Circuit</caseSource>
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              <chiefJustice>William H. Rehnquist</chiefJustice>
              <dateArgument>1989-11-07</dateArgument>
              <authorityDecision>Judicial review (state level)</authorityDecision>
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                   <type>Constitutional Amendment</type>
                                        
                   <legalProvisions>First Amendment (speech, press, and assembly)</legalProvisions>
                                    
            </law>
              <decisionType>Opinion of the court (orally argued)</decisionType>
              <unconstitutionality>No declaration of unconstitutionality</unconstitutionality>
              <disposition>Affirmed (includes modified)</disposition>
              <partyWinning>No favorable disposition for petitioning party apparent</partyWinning>
              <majorityOpinion>
                                        
                   <writer>Harry A. Blackmun</writer>
                                        
                   <assigner>William H. Rehnquist</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
              <votes>
                                        
                   <majority>9</majority>
                                        
                   <minority>0</minority>
                                    
            </votes>
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         <titleInfo>
              <title>Commissioner v. Indianapolis Power &amp; Light Co., 493 U.S. 203 (1990)</title>
              <partNumber>493 U.S. 203</partNumber>
              <partName>Case</partName>
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         <identifier type="United States Reports citation">493 U.S. 203</identifier>
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         <subject>
              <topic>Corporate Income Tax</topic>
              <topic>Energy Prices</topic>
              <topic>Deposits</topic>
              <topic>Tax Administration and Collection</topic>
              <topic>Tax Law</topic>
              <topic>Interest</topic>
              <topic>Energy Revenues and Royalties</topic>
              <topic>Accounting and Auditing</topic>
              <topic>Security Payments</topic>
              <topic>Securities</topic>
              <topic>Federal Taxation, Typically Under Provisions of the Internal Revenue Code</topic>
              <topic>Federal Taxation</topic>
        </subject>
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              <courtTerm>1989</courtTerm>
              <usCitation>493 U.S. 203</usCitation>
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                   <topic>Corporate Income Tax</topic>
                                        
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                   <topic>Deposits</topic>
                                        
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            </subject>
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                   <topic>Federal Taxation, Typically Under Provisions of the Internal Revenue Code</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Federal Taxation</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <docketId>1989-015-01</docketId>
              <petitioner>Internal Revenue Service, Collector, Commissioner, or District Director of</petitioner>
              <respondent>Taxpayer or executor of taxpayer&apos;s estate, federal only</respondent>
              <jurisdiction>Cert</jurisdiction>
              <adminAction>Internal Revenue Service, Collector, Commissioner, or District Director of</adminAction>
              <caseOrigin>U.S. Tax Court</caseOrigin>
              <caseSource>U.S. Court of Appeals, Seventh Circuit</caseSource>
              <certReason>Federal court conflict</certReason>
              <chiefJustice>William H. Rehnquist</chiefJustice>
              <dateArgument>1989-10-31</dateArgument>
              <authorityDecision>Statutory construction</authorityDecision>
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                   <type>Federal Statute</type>
                                        
                   <legalProvisions>Internal Revenue Code and pre-IRC revenue acts</legalProvisions>
                                    
            </law>
              <decisionType>Opinion of the court (orally argued)</decisionType>
              <unconstitutionality>No declaration of unconstitutionality</unconstitutionality>
              <disposition>Affirmed (includes modified)</disposition>
              <partyWinning>No favorable disposition for petitioning party apparent</partyWinning>
              <majorityOpinion>
                                        
                   <writer>Harry A. Blackmun</writer>
                                        
                   <assigner>William H. Rehnquist</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
              <votes>
                                        
                   <majority>9</majority>
                                        
                   <minority>0</minority>
                                    
            </votes>
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         <titleInfo>
              <title>FW/PBS, Inc. v. Dallas, 493 U.S. 215 (1990)</title>
              <partNumber>493 U.S. 215</partNumber>
              <partName>Case</partName>
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         <identifier type="preferred citation">493 U.S. 215 (1990)</identifier>
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         <subject>
              <topic>Obscenity</topic>
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              <topic>Licensing and Permits</topic>
              <topic>Constitutional Law</topic>
              <topic>Civil Disability</topic>
              <topic>Pornography</topic>
              <topic>First Amendment, Miscellaneous (Cf. Comity: First Amendment)</topic>
              <topic>First Amendment</topic>
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              <courtTerm>1989</courtTerm>
              <usCitation>493 U.S. 215</usCitation>
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                   <topic>Obscenity</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Zoning Regulations</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Freedom of Association</topic>
                                        
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                   <topic>Licensing and Permits</topic>
                                        
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            </subject>
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                   <topic>First Amendment, Miscellaneous (Cf. Comity: First Amendment)</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>First Amendment</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <docketId>1989-016-01</docketId>
              <petitioner>Bookstore, newsstand, printer, bindery, purveyor or distributor of books or magazines</petitioner>
              <respondent state="Texas">City, town, township, village, or borough government or governmental unit</respondent>
              <jurisdiction>Cert</jurisdiction>
              <caseOrigin>Texas Northern U.S. District Court</caseOrigin>
              <caseSource>U.S. Court of Appeals, Fifth Circuit</caseSource>
              <certReason>No reason given</certReason>
              <chiefJustice>William H. Rehnquist</chiefJustice>
              <dateArgument>1989-10-04</dateArgument>
              <authorityDecision>Judicial review (national level)</authorityDecision>
              <law>
                                        
                   <type>Constitution</type>
                                        
                   <legalProvisions>Article III, Section 2, Paragraph 1 (case or controversy requirement)</legalProvisions>
                                    
            </law>
              <decisionType>Opinion of the court (orally argued)</decisionType>
              <unconstitutionality>Municipal or other local ordinance unconstitutional</unconstitutionality>
              <disposition>Affirmed and reversed (or vacated) in part and remanded</disposition>
              <partyWinning>Petitioning party received a favorable disposition</partyWinning>
              <majorityOpinion>
                                        
                   <writer>Sandra Day O&apos;Connor</writer>
                                        
                   <assigner>William J. Brennan, Jr.</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
              <votes>
                                        
                   <majority>6</majority>
                                        
                   <minority>3</minority>
                                    
            </votes>
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         <titleInfo>
              <title>Spallone v. United States, 493 U.S. 265 (1990)</title>
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         <subject>
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                   <topic>Sanctions</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Discrimination</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Judicial Discretion</topic>
                                        
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            </subject>
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                   <topic>Judicial Administration: Jurisdiction or Authority of Federal District Courts or Territorial Courts</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Judicial Power</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <docketId>1989-017-01</docketId>
              <petitioner>Political candidate, activist, committee, party, party member, organization, or elected official</petitioner>
              <respondent>United States</respondent>
              <jurisdiction>Cert</jurisdiction>
              <caseOrigin>New York Southern U.S. District Court</caseOrigin>
              <caseSource>U.S. Court of Appeals, Second Circuit</caseSource>
              <certReason>To resolve important or significant question</certReason>
              <chiefJustice>William H. Rehnquist</chiefJustice>
              <dateArgument>1989-10-02</dateArgument>
              <authorityDecision>Supreme Court supervision of lower federal or state courts or original jurisdiction</authorityDecision>
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              <unconstitutionality>No declaration of unconstitutionality</unconstitutionality>
              <disposition>Reversed</disposition>
              <partyWinning>Petitioning party received a favorable disposition</partyWinning>
              <majorityOpinion>
                                        
                   <writer>William H. Rehnquist</writer>
                                        
                   <assigner>William H. Rehnquist</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
              <votes>
                                        
                   <majority>5</majority>
                                        
                   <minority>4</minority>
                                    
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         <titleInfo>
              <title>James v. Illinois, 493 U.S. 307 (1990)</title>
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              <partName>Case</partName>
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                   <topic>Criminal Law and Procedure</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Illegal Arrest</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Illegal Search and Seizure</topic>
                                        
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                   <topic>Search and Seizure (Other than as Pertains to Vehicles or Crime Control Act)</topic>
                                        
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              <docketId>1989-018-01</docketId>
              <petitioner>Person accused, indicted, or suspected of crime</petitioner>
              <respondent state="Illinois">State</respondent>
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              <caseSource state="Illinois">State Supreme Court</caseSource>
              <certReason>No reason given</certReason>
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              <disposition>Reversed</disposition>
              <partyWinning>Petitioning party received a favorable disposition</partyWinning>
              <majorityOpinion>
                                        
                   <writer>William J. Brennan, Jr.</writer>
                                        
                   <assigner>William J. Brennan, Jr.</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
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                   <majority>5</majority>
                                        
                   <minority>4</minority>
                                    
            </votes>
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              <title>Franchise Tax Bd. of Cal. v. Alcan Aluminium, 493 U.S. 331 (1990)</title>
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              <topic>Unitary Tax</topic>
              <topic>Corporate Income Tax</topic>
              <topic>Tax Injunction Act (T.I.A.)</topic>
              <topic>Tax Administration and Collection</topic>
              <topic>Controlled Foreign Company</topic>
              <topic>Standing</topic>
              <topic>Civil Procedure</topic>
              <topic>Comity Primarily Removal Cases, Civil Procedure (Cf. Comity, Criminal and First Amendment), Deference to Foreign Judicial Tribunals</topic>
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                   <topic>Accounting and Auditing</topic>
                                        
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                   <topic>Corporate Income Tax</topic>
                                        
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                   <topic>Tax Administration and Collection</topic>
                                        
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                   <topic>Judicial Power</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <docketId>1989-019-01</docketId>
              <petitioner state="California">State commission, board, committee, or authority</petitioner>
              <respondent state="California">State or local governmental taxpayer, or executor of the estate of</respondent>
              <jurisdiction>Cert</jurisdiction>
              <adminAction state="California">State Agency</adminAction>
              <caseOrigin>Illinois Northern U.S. District Court</caseOrigin>
              <caseSource>U.S. Court of Appeals, Seventh Circuit</caseSource>
              <certReason>No reason given</certReason>
              <chiefJustice>William H. Rehnquist</chiefJustice>
              <dateArgument>1989-11-01</dateArgument>
              <authorityDecision>Judicial review (national level)</authorityDecision>
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                   <type>Constitution</type>
                                        
                   <legalProvisions>Article III, Section 2, Paragraph 1 (case or controversy requirement)</legalProvisions>
                                    
            </law>
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              <unconstitutionality>No declaration of unconstitutionality</unconstitutionality>
              <disposition>Reversed</disposition>
              <partyWinning>Petitioning party received a favorable disposition</partyWinning>
              <majorityOpinion>
                                        
                   <writer>Byron Raymond White</writer>
                                        
                   <assigner>William H. Rehnquist</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
              <votes>
                                        
                   <majority>9</majority>
                                        
                   <minority>0</minority>
                                    
            </votes>
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         <titleInfo>
              <title>Dowling v. United States, 493 U.S. 342 (1990)</title>
              <partNumber>493 U.S. 342</partNumber>
              <partName>Case</partName>
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         <identifier type="uri">https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/USREPORTS-493/USREPORTS-493-342</identifier>
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         <subject>
              <topic>Double Jeopardy Clause</topic>
              <topic>Caribbean</topic>
              <topic>Character Evidence</topic>
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              <topic>Due Process</topic>
              <topic>Evidence</topic>
              <topic>Witnesses</topic>
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                   <topic>Double Jeopardy Clause</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Caribbean</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Character Evidence</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Virgin Islands (U.S. Territory)</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Due Process</topic>
                                        
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                   <topic>Double Jeopardy</topic>
                                        
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            </subject>
              <docketId>1989-020-01</docketId>
              <petitioner>Person accused, indicted, or suspected of crime</petitioner>
              <respondent>United States</respondent>
              <jurisdiction>Cert</jurisdiction>
              <caseOrigin>Virgin Islands U.S. District Court</caseOrigin>
              <caseSource>U.S. Court of Appeals, Third Circuit</caseSource>
              <certReason>To resolve question presented</certReason>
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                   <legalProvisions>Fifth Amendment (double jeopardy)</legalProvisions>
                                    
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              <decisionType>Opinion of the court (orally argued)</decisionType>
              <unconstitutionality>No declaration of unconstitutionality</unconstitutionality>
              <disposition>Affirmed (includes modified)</disposition>
              <partyWinning>No favorable disposition for petitioning party apparent</partyWinning>
              <majorityOpinion>
                                        
                   <writer>Byron Raymond White</writer>
                                        
                   <assigner>William H. Rehnquist</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
              <votes>
                                        
                   <majority>6</majority>
                                        
                   <minority>3</minority>
                                    
            </votes>
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         <titleInfo>
              <title>Guidry v. Sheet Metal Workers Pension Fund, 493 U.S. 365 (1990)</title>
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              <partName>Case</partName>
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              <topic>Accounting and Auditing</topic>
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              <topic>Labor and Employment Law</topic>
              <topic>Fraud and Financial Crimes</topic>
              <topic>Employee Retirement Income Security Act of (E.R.I.S.A.)</topic>
              <topic>Employee Benefits</topic>
              <topic>Labor Unions</topic>
              <topic>Pension</topic>
              <topic>Labor-Management Disputes: Union Trust Funds (Cf. ERISA)</topic>
              <topic>Unions</topic>
        </subject>
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                   <topic>Accounting and Auditing</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Embezzlement</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Labor and Employment Law</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Fraud and Financial Crimes</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Employee Retirement Income Security Act of (E.R.I.S.A.)</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Employee Benefits</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Labor Unions</topic>
                                        
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            </subject>
              <subject authority="scdb" uri="http://scdb.wustl.edu/documentation.php?var=issue">
                                        
                   <topic>Labor-Management Disputes: Union Trust Funds (Cf. ERISA)</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Unions</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <docketId>1989-021-01</docketId>
              <petitioner>Agent, fiduciary, trustee, or executor</petitioner>
              <respondent>Employer-employee trust agreement, employee health and welfare fund, or multiemployer pension plan</respondent>
              <jurisdiction>Cert</jurisdiction>
              <caseOrigin>Colorado U.S. District Court</caseOrigin>
              <caseSource>U.S. Court of Appeals, Tenth Circuit</caseSource>
              <certReason>Federal court conflict</certReason>
              <chiefJustice>William H. Rehnquist</chiefJustice>
              <dateArgument>1989-11-29</dateArgument>
              <authorityDecision>Statutory construction</authorityDecision>
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                   <type>Federal Statute</type>
                                        
                   <legalProvisions>Employee Retirement Income Security, as amended</legalProvisions>
                                    
            </law>
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              <disposition>Reversed and remanded</disposition>
              <partyWinning>Petitioning party received a favorable disposition</partyWinning>
              <majorityOpinion>
                                        
                   <writer>Harry A. Blackmun</writer>
                                        
                   <assigner>William H. Rehnquist</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
              <votes>
                                        
                   <majority>9</majority>
                                        
                   <minority>0</minority>
                                    
            </votes>
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         <titleInfo>
              <title>Swaggart Ministries v. Cal. Bd. of Equalization, 493 U.S. 378 (1990)</title>
              <partNumber>493 U.S. 378</partNumber>
              <partName>Case</partName>
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         <identifier type="uri">https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/USREPORTS-493/USREPORTS-493-378</identifier>
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              <identifier type="FDsys Unique ID">D09002ee1d5389f0f</identifier>
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         <subject>
              <topic>Sales and Excise Tax</topic>
              <topic>Freedom of Religion</topic>
              <topic>Tax Administration and Collection</topic>
              <topic>Tax Law</topic>
              <topic>Religious Organizations</topic>
              <topic>State and Local Taxation</topic>
              <topic>Tax Refunds</topic>
              <topic>Tax-Exempt Organizations</topic>
              <topic>Religious Materials Tax</topic>
              <topic>Free Exercise of Religion</topic>
              <topic>First Amendment</topic>
        </subject>
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                   <topic>Sales and Excise Tax</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Freedom of Religion</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Tax Administration and Collection</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Tax Law</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Religious Organizations</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>State and Local Taxation</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Tax Refunds</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Tax-Exempt Organizations</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Religious Materials Tax</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <subject authority="scdb" uri="http://scdb.wustl.edu/documentation.php?var=issue">
                                        
                   <topic>Free Exercise of Religion</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>First Amendment</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <docketId>1989-022-01</docketId>
              <petitioner>Religious organization, institution, or person</petitioner>
              <respondent state="California">State commission, board, committee, or authority</respondent>
              <jurisdiction>Appeal</jurisdiction>
              <adminAction state="California">State Agency</adminAction>
              <caseOrigin state="California">State Trial Court</caseOrigin>
              <caseSource state="California">State Appellate Court</caseSource>
              <certReason>Case did not arise on cert or cert not granted</certReason>
              <chiefJustice>William H. Rehnquist</chiefJustice>
              <dateArgument>1989-10-31</dateArgument>
              <authorityDecision>Judicial review (state level)</authorityDecision>
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                   <type>Constitutional Amendment</type>
                                        
                   <legalProvisions>First Amendment (free exercise of religion)</legalProvisions>
                                    
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              <unconstitutionality>No declaration of unconstitutionality</unconstitutionality>
              <disposition>Affirmed (includes modified)</disposition>
              <partyWinning>No favorable disposition for petitioning party apparent</partyWinning>
              <majorityOpinion>
                                        
                   <writer>Sandra Day O&apos;Connor</writer>
                                        
                   <assigner>William H. Rehnquist</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
              <votes>
                                        
                   <majority>9</majority>
                                        
                   <minority>0</minority>
                                    
            </votes>
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         <titleInfo>
              <title>Kirkpatrick Co. v. Environmental Tectonics Corp., 493 U.S. 400 (1990)</title>
              <partNumber>493 U.S. 400</partNumber>
              <partName>Case</partName>
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              <identifier type="FDsys Unique ID">D09002ee1d5389ee7</identifier>
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         <subject>
              <topic>Act of State Doctrine</topic>
              <topic>Nigeria</topic>
              <topic>West Africa</topic>
              <topic>Contracts</topic>
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              <topic>Building Construction</topic>
              <topic>Sovereign Immunity</topic>
              <topic>International Law</topic>
              <topic>Judicial Administration: Act of State Doctrine</topic>
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        </subject>
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                   <topic>Act of State Doctrine</topic>
                                        
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                   <topic>West Africa</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Contracts</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Corruption</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Building Construction</topic>
                                        
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                   <topic>Judicial Administration: Act of State Doctrine</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Judicial Power</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <docketId>1989-023-01</docketId>
              <petitioner>Government contractor</petitioner>
              <respondent>Government contractor</respondent>
              <jurisdiction>Cert</jurisdiction>
              <caseOrigin>New Jersey U.S. District Court</caseOrigin>
              <caseSource>U.S. Court of Appeals, Third Circuit</caseSource>
              <certReason>No reason given</certReason>
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              <authorityDecision>Federal common law</authorityDecision>
              <law></law>
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              <majorityOpinion>
                                        
                   <writer>Antonin Scalia</writer>
                                        
                   <assigner>William H. Rehnquist</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
              <votes>
                                        
                   <majority>9</majority>
                                        
                   <minority>0</minority>
                                    
            </votes>
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         <titleInfo>
              <title>FTC v. Superior Court Trial Lawyers Assn., 493 U.S. 411 (1990)</title>
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              <partName>Case</partName>
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         <subject>
              <topic>Indigent Clients</topic>
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              <topic>Public Defender</topic>
              <topic>Strikes</topic>
              <topic>Criminal Law and Procedure</topic>
              <topic>Boycotts</topic>
              <topic>Unfair Competition</topic>
              <topic>Professional Responsibility</topic>
              <topic>Attorney&apos;s Fees</topic>
              <topic>Protest Demonstrations (Other than as Pertains to Sit-in Demonstrations): Demonstrations and Other Forms of Protest Based on First Amendment Guarantees</topic>
              <topic>First Amendment</topic>
        </subject>
         <extension>
              <searchTitle>United States reports : cases adjudged in the Supreme Court at October term, 1989, beginning of term, October 2, 1989, through February 20, 1990;FTC v. Superior Court Trial Lawyers Assn., 493 U.S. 411 (1990);493 U.S. 411</searchTitle>
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              <reportNumber>411</reportNumber>
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              <decisionDate>1990-01-22</decisionDate>
              <courtTerm>1989</courtTerm>
              <usCitation>493 U.S. 411</usCitation>
              <fullCitation>493 U.S. 411 (1990)</fullCitation>
              <subject authority="llc" uri="https://www.loc.gov/research-centers/law-library-of-congress/about-this-research-center">
                                        
                   <topic>Indigent Clients</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Legal Ethics</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Public Defender</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Strikes</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Criminal Law and Procedure</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Boycotts</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Unfair Competition</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Professional Responsibility</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Attorney&apos;s Fees</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <subject authority="scdb" uri="http://scdb.wustl.edu/documentation.php?var=issue">
                                        
                   <topic>Protest Demonstrations (Other than as Pertains to Sit-in Demonstrations): Demonstrations and Other Forms of Protest Based on First Amendment Guarantees</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>First Amendment</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <docketId>1989-024-01</docketId>
              <petitioner>Federal Trade Commission</petitioner>
              <respondent>Attorney, or person acting as such, includes bar applicant or law student, or law firm or bar association</respondent>
              <jurisdiction>Cert</jurisdiction>
              <adminAction>Federal Trade Commission</adminAction>
              <caseOrigin>U.S. Court of Appeals, District of Columbia Circuit (includes the Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia but not the District of Columbia Court of Appeals, which has local jurisdiction)</caseOrigin>
              <caseSource>U.S. Court of Appeals, District of Columbia Circuit (includes the Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia but not the District of Columbia Court of Appeals, which has local jurisdiction)</caseSource>
              <certReason>No reason given</certReason>
              <chiefJustice>William H. Rehnquist</chiefJustice>
              <dateArgument>1989-10-30</dateArgument>
              <authorityDecision>Statutory construction</authorityDecision>
              <law>
                                        
                   <type>Federal Statute</type>
                                        
                   <legalProvisions>Sherman</legalProvisions>
                                    
            </law>
              <decisionType>Opinion of the court (orally argued)</decisionType>
              <unconstitutionality>No declaration of unconstitutionality</unconstitutionality>
              <disposition>Reversed and remanded</disposition>
              <partyWinning>Petitioning party received a favorable disposition</partyWinning>
              <majorityOpinion>
                                        
                   <writer>John Paul Stevens</writer>
                                        
                   <assigner>William H. Rehnquist</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
              <votes>
                                        
                   <majority>6</majority>
                                        
                   <minority>3</minority>
                                    
            </votes>
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         <titleInfo>
              <title>Tafflin v. Levitt, 493 U.S. 455 (1990)</title>
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              <topic>Dual Sovereignty</topic>
              <topic>Jurisdiction and Venue</topic>
              <topic>Concurrent Jurisdiction</topic>
              <topic>Civil Procedure</topic>
              <topic>Racketeering</topic>
              <topic>Federal Pre-Emption of State Court Jurisdiction</topic>
              <topic>Federalism</topic>
        </subject>
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              <decisionDate>1990-01-22</decisionDate>
              <courtTerm>1989</courtTerm>
              <usCitation>493 U.S. 455</usCitation>
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              <subject authority="llc" uri="https://www.loc.gov/research-centers/law-library-of-congress/about-this-research-center">
                                        
                   <topic>State and Local Courts</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Dual Sovereignty</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Jurisdiction and Venue</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Concurrent Jurisdiction</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Civil Procedure</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Racketeering</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <subject authority="scdb" uri="http://scdb.wustl.edu/documentation.php?var=issue">
                                        
                   <topic>Federal Pre-Emption of State Court Jurisdiction</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Federalism</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <docketId>1989-025-01</docketId>
              <petitioner>Investor</petitioner>
              <respondent>Management, executive officer, or director, of business entity</respondent>
              <jurisdiction>Cert</jurisdiction>
              <caseOrigin>Maryland U.S. District Court</caseOrigin>
              <caseSource>U.S. Court of Appeals, Fourth Circuit</caseSource>
              <certReason>Conflict between federal court and state court</certReason>
              <chiefJustice>William H. Rehnquist</chiefJustice>
              <dateArgument>1989-11-27</dateArgument>
              <authorityDecision>Statutory construction</authorityDecision>
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                   <type>Federal Statute</type>
                                        
                   <legalProvisions>Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations</legalProvisions>
                                    
            </law>
              <decisionType>Opinion of the court (orally argued)</decisionType>
              <unconstitutionality>No declaration of unconstitutionality</unconstitutionality>
              <disposition>Affirmed (includes modified)</disposition>
              <partyWinning>No favorable disposition for petitioning party apparent</partyWinning>
              <majorityOpinion>
                                        
                   <writer>Sandra Day O&apos;Connor</writer>
                                        
                   <assigner>William H. Rehnquist</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
              <votes>
                                        
                   <majority>9</majority>
                                        
                   <minority>0</minority>
                                    
            </votes>
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         <titleInfo>
              <title>Holland v. Illinois, 493 U.S. 474 (1990)</title>
              <partNumber>493 U.S. 474</partNumber>
              <partName>Case</partName>
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         <subject>
              <topic>Racial and Ethnic Relations</topic>
              <topic>Criminal Law and Procedure</topic>
              <topic>White Defendant</topic>
              <topic>Peremptory Challenges</topic>
              <topic>Discrimination</topic>
              <topic>Juries</topic>
              <topic>Equal Protection</topic>
              <topic>All-White Jury</topic>
              <topic>Extra-Legal Jury Influences: Voir Dire (Not Necessarily a Criminal Case)</topic>
              <topic>Criminal Procedure</topic>
        </subject>
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              <courtTerm>1989</courtTerm>
              <usCitation>493 U.S. 474</usCitation>
              <fullCitation>493 U.S. 474 (1990)</fullCitation>
              <subject authority="llc" uri="https://www.loc.gov/research-centers/law-library-of-congress/about-this-research-center">
                                        
                   <topic>Racial and Ethnic Relations</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Criminal Law and Procedure</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>White Defendant</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Peremptory Challenges</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Discrimination</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Juries</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Equal Protection</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>All-White Jury</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <subject authority="scdb" uri="http://scdb.wustl.edu/documentation.php?var=issue">
                                        
                   <topic>Extra-Legal Jury Influences: Voir Dire (Not Necessarily a Criminal Case)</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Criminal Procedure</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <docketId>1989-026-01</docketId>
              <petitioner>Person accused, indicted, or suspected of crime</petitioner>
              <respondent state="Illinois">State</respondent>
              <jurisdiction>Cert</jurisdiction>
              <caseOrigin state="Illinois">State Trial Court</caseOrigin>
              <caseSource state="Illinois">State Supreme Court</caseSource>
              <certReason>No reason given</certReason>
              <chiefJustice>William H. Rehnquist</chiefJustice>
              <dateArgument>1989-10-11</dateArgument>
              <authorityDecision>Judicial review (national level)</authorityDecision>
              <law>
                                        
                   <type>Constitution</type>
                                        
                   <legalProvisions>Article III, Section 2, Paragraph 1 (case or controversy requirement)</legalProvisions>
                                    
            </law>
              <decisionType>Opinion of the court (orally argued)</decisionType>
              <unconstitutionality>No declaration of unconstitutionality</unconstitutionality>
              <disposition>Affirmed (includes modified)</disposition>
              <partyWinning>No favorable disposition for petitioning party apparent</partyWinning>
              <majorityOpinion>
                                        
                   <writer>Antonin Scalia</writer>
                                        
                   <assigner>William H. Rehnquist</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
              <votes>
                                        
                   <majority>5</majority>
                                        
                   <minority>4</minority>
                                    
            </votes>
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         <titleInfo>
              <title>Sullivan v. Zebley, 493 U.S. 521 (1990)</title>
              <partNumber>493 U.S. 521</partNumber>
              <partName>Case</partName>
        </titleInfo>
         <identifier type="uri">https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/USREPORTS-493/USREPORTS-493-521</identifier>
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         <identifier type="United States Reports citation">493 U.S. 521</identifier>
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         <subject>
              <topic>Social Security</topic>
              <topic>People with Disabilities</topic>
              <topic>Supplemental Security Income (S.S.I.)</topic>
              <topic>Insurance Law</topic>
              <topic>Children&apos;s Rights</topic>
              <topic>Child Disability</topic>
              <topic>Class Action</topic>
              <topic>Administrative Law and Regulatory Procedure</topic>
              <topic>Poverty Law, Statutory: Welfare Benefits, Typically Under Some Social Security Act Provision.</topic>
              <topic>Civil Rights</topic>
        </subject>
         <extension>
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              <reportNumber>521</reportNumber>
              <sequenceNumber>34</sequenceNumber>
              <pagePosition>1</pagePosition>
              <decisionDate>1990-02-20</decisionDate>
              <courtTerm>1989</courtTerm>
              <usCitation>493 U.S. 521</usCitation>
              <fullCitation>493 U.S. 521 (1990)</fullCitation>
              <subject authority="llc" uri="https://www.loc.gov/research-centers/law-library-of-congress/about-this-research-center">
                                        
                   <topic>Social Security</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>People with Disabilities</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Supplemental Security Income (S.S.I.)</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Insurance Law</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Children&apos;s Rights</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Child Disability</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Class Action</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Administrative Law and Regulatory Procedure</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <subject authority="scdb" uri="http://scdb.wustl.edu/documentation.php?var=issue">
                                        
                   <topic>Poverty Law, Statutory: Welfare Benefits, Typically Under Some Social Security Act Provision.</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Civil Rights</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <docketId>1989-027-01</docketId>
              <petitioner>Department or Secretary of Health and Human Services</petitioner>
              <respondent>Child, children, including adopted or illegitimate</respondent>
              <jurisdiction>Cert</jurisdiction>
              <adminAction>Department or Secretary of Health and Human Services</adminAction>
              <caseOrigin>Pennsylvania Eastern U.S. District Court</caseOrigin>
              <caseSource>U.S. Court of Appeals, Third Circuit</caseSource>
              <certReason>Federal court conflict</certReason>
              <chiefJustice>William H. Rehnquist</chiefJustice>
              <dateArgument>1989-11-28</dateArgument>
              <authorityDecision>Statutory construction</authorityDecision>
              <authorityDecision>Interpretation of administrative regulation or rule, or executive order</authorityDecision>
              <law>
                                        
                   <type>Federal Statute</type>
                                        
                   <legalProvisions>Supplemental Security Income</legalProvisions>
                                    
            </law>
              <decisionType>Opinion of the court (orally argued)</decisionType>
              <unconstitutionality>No declaration of unconstitutionality</unconstitutionality>
              <disposition>Affirmed (includes modified)</disposition>
              <partyWinning>No favorable disposition for petitioning party apparent</partyWinning>
              <majorityOpinion>
                                        
                   <writer>Harry A. Blackmun</writer>
                                        
                   <assigner>William J. Brennan, Jr.</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
              <votes>
                                        
                   <majority>7</majority>
                                        
                   <minority>2</minority>
                                    
            </votes>
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         <titleInfo>
              <title>Baltimore Dept. of Social Servs. v. Bouknight, 493 U.S. 549 (1990)</title>
              <partNumber>493 U.S. 549</partNumber>
              <partName>Case</partName>
        </titleInfo>
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         <subject>
              <topic>Court Orders</topic>
              <topic>Self-Incrimination</topic>
              <topic>Child Abuse</topic>
              <topic>Child Custody</topic>
              <topic>Contempt of Court</topic>
              <topic>Fifth Amendment</topic>
              <topic>Family Law</topic>
              <topic>Constitutional Law</topic>
              <topic>Family Services</topic>
              <topic>Self-Incrimination (Other than as Pertains to Miranda or Immunity from Prosecution)</topic>
              <topic>Criminal Procedure</topic>
        </subject>
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              <usCitation>493 U.S. 549</usCitation>
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                   <topic>Court Orders</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Self-Incrimination</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Child Abuse</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Child Custody</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Contempt of Court</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Fifth Amendment</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Family Law</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Constitutional Law</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Family Services</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
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                   <topic>Self-Incrimination (Other than as Pertains to Miranda or Immunity from Prosecution)</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Criminal Procedure</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <docketId>1989-028-01</docketId>
              <petitioner state="Maryland">State department or agency</petitioner>
              <respondent>Mother</respondent>
              <jurisdiction>Cert</jurisdiction>
              <adminAction state="Maryland">State Agency</adminAction>
              <caseOrigin state="Maryland">State Trial Court</caseOrigin>
              <caseSource state="Maryland">State Supreme Court</caseSource>
              <certReason>No reason given</certReason>
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                   <type>Constitutional Amendment</type>
                                        
                   <legalProvisions>Fifth Amendment (self-incrimination)</legalProvisions>
                                    
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              <disposition>Reversed and remanded</disposition>
              <partyWinning>Petitioning party received a favorable disposition</partyWinning>
              <majorityOpinion>
                                        
                   <writer>Sandra Day O&apos;Connor</writer>
                                        
                   <assigner>William H. Rehnquist</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
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                   <majority>7</majority>
                                        
                   <minority>2</minority>
                                    
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              <title>Rules of the Supreme Court of the United States</title>
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