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              <topic>Torts Law</topic>
              <topic>Torts</topic>
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              <topic>Legal Remedies</topic>
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              <docketId>1984-147-01</docketId>
              <petitioner>United States</petitioner>
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                   <writer>Warren Earl Burger</writer>
                                        
                   <assigner>Warren Earl Burger</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
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                   <majority>8</majority>
                                        
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              <topic>Trucking</topic>
              <topic>Shipping and Cargo</topic>
              <topic>National Labor Relations Act (N.L.R.A.)</topic>
              <topic>National Labor Relations Board (N.L.R.B.)</topic>
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                   <topic>Rules on Containers</topic>
                                        
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                   <topic>Warehouses</topic>
                                        
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                   <topic>Union Antitrust: Legality of Anticompetitive Union Activity</topic>
                                        
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              <docketId>1984-148-01</docketId>
              <petitioner>National Labor Relations Board, or regional office or officer</petitioner>
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                   <type>Federal Statute</type>
                                        
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              <disposition>Affirmed (includes modified)</disposition>
              <partyWinning>No favorable disposition for petitioning party apparent</partyWinning>
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                   <writer>William J. Brennan, Jr.</writer>
                                        
                   <assigner>William J. Brennan, Jr.</assigner>
                                    
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                   <majority>6</majority>
                                        
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              <topic>National Labor Relations Board (N.L.R.B.)</topic>
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                   <topic>Union Strikes</topic>
                                        
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              <docketId>1984-149-01</docketId>
              <petitioner>Union, labor organization, or official of</petitioner>
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              <jurisdiction>Cert</jurisdiction>
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                   <type>Federal Statute</type>
                                        
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              <partyWinning>No favorable disposition for petitioning party apparent</partyWinning>
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                   <writer>Lewis F. Powell, Jr.</writer>
                                        
                   <assigner>Warren Earl Burger</assigner>
                                    
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                   <majority>5</majority>
                                        
                   <minority>4</minority>
                                    
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              <title>Massachusetts Mut. Life Ins. Co. v. Russell, 473 U.S. 134 (1985)</title>
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              <topic>District Courts</topic>
              <topic>Employee Retirement Income Security Act of (E.R.I.S.A.)</topic>
              <topic>Employee Retirement Income Security Act (Cf. Union Trust Funds)</topic>
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                   <topic>Employee Retirement Income Security Act (Cf. Union Trust Funds)</topic>
                                        
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              <docketId>1984-150-01</docketId>
              <petitioner>Employer. If employer&apos;s relations with employees are governed by the nature of the employer&apos;s business (e.g., railroad, boat), rather than labor law generally, the more specific designation is used in place of Employer.</petitioner>
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                   <type>Federal Statute</type>
                                        
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              <disposition>Reversed</disposition>
              <partyWinning>Petitioning party received a favorable disposition</partyWinning>
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                   <writer>John Paul Stevens</writer>
                                        
                   <assigner>Warren Earl Burger</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
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                   <majority>9</majority>
                                        
                   <minority>0</minority>
                                    
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              <title>Kentucky v. Graham, 473 U.S. 159 (1985)</title>
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              <partName>Case</partName>
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              <topic>Criminal Law and Procedure</topic>
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              <topic>Search and Seizure</topic>
              <topic>Attorneys&apos; and Governmental Employees&apos; or Officials&apos; Fees or Compensation or Licenses</topic>
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                   <topic>Excessive Force</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Warrants</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Legal Remedies</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>District Courts</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Attorney&apos;s Fees</topic>
                                        
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                   <topic>Attorneys&apos; and Governmental Employees&apos; or Officials&apos; Fees or Compensation or Licenses</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Attorneys</topic>
                                    
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              <docketId>1984-151-01</docketId>
              <petitioner state="Kentucky">State</petitioner>
              <respondent>Injured person or legal entity, nonphysically and non-employment related</respondent>
              <jurisdiction>Cert</jurisdiction>
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                   <type>Federal Statute</type>
                                        
                   <legalProvisions>Civil Rights Attorney&apos;s Fees Awards</legalProvisions>
                                    
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              <disposition>Reversed</disposition>
              <partyWinning>Petitioning party received a favorable disposition</partyWinning>
              <majorityOpinion>
                                        
                   <writer>Thurgood Marshall</writer>
                                        
                   <assigner>Warren Earl Burger</assigner>
                                    
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                   <majority>9</majority>
                                        
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              <title>Williamson Planning Comm&apos;n v. Hamilton Bank, 473 U.S. 172 (1985)</title>
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              <partName>Case</partName>
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              <topic>Tennessee</topic>
              <topic>Due Process</topic>
              <topic>State and Local Government</topic>
              <topic>Just Compensation Clause</topic>
              <topic>Zoning Ordinances</topic>
              <topic>Property Law</topic>
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                   <topic>District Courts</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Tennessee</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Due Process</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>State and Local Government</topic>
                                        
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                   <topic>Due Process: Takings Clause, or Other Non-Constitutional Governmental Taking of Property</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Due Process</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <docketId>1984-152-01</docketId>
              <petitioner state="Tennessee">County government or county governmental unit, except school district</petitioner>
              <respondent>Owner, landlord, or claimant to ownership, fee interest, or possession of land as well as chattels</respondent>
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              <chiefJustice>Warren Earl Burger</chiefJustice>
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              <authorityDecision>Judicial review (state level)</authorityDecision>
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                   <legalProvisions>Fifth Amendment (takings clause)</legalProvisions>
                                    
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              <disposition>Reversed and remanded</disposition>
              <partyWinning>Petitioning party received a favorable disposition</partyWinning>
              <majorityOpinion>
                                        
                   <writer>Harry A. Blackmun</writer>
                                        
                   <assigner>Warren Earl Burger</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
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                   <majority>7</majority>
                                        
                   <minority>1</minority>
                                    
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              <title>Dowling v. United States, 473 U.S. 207 (1985)</title>
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              <topic>Copyright</topic>
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              <topic>Musical Compositions</topic>
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                   <topic>Criminal Law and Procedure</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Copyright Infringement</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Copyright</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Fraud and Financial Crimes</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Motor Carriers</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Goods and Services</topic>
                                        
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            </subject>
              <docketId>1984-153-01</docketId>
              <petitioner>Person accused, indicted, or suspected of crime</petitioner>
              <respondent>United States</respondent>
              <jurisdiction>Cert</jurisdiction>
              <caseOrigin>California Central U.S. District Court</caseOrigin>
              <caseSource>U.S. Court of Appeals, Ninth Circuit</caseSource>
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              <chiefJustice>Warren Earl Burger</chiefJustice>
              <dateArgument>1985-04-17</dateArgument>
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                   <type>Infrequently litigated statutes</type>
                                        
                   <legalProvisions>Infrequently litigated statutes</legalProvisions>
                                    
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              <disposition>Reversed</disposition>
              <partyWinning>Petitioning party received a favorable disposition</partyWinning>
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                   <writer>Harry A. Blackmun</writer>
                                        
                   <assigner>William J. Brennan, Jr.</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
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                   <majority>6</majority>
                                        
                   <minority>3</minority>
                                    
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         <titleInfo>
              <title>Atascadero State Hospital v. Scanlon, 473 U.S. 234 (1985)</title>
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         <subject>
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              <topic>Diabetes</topic>
              <topic>Rehabilitation Act of 1973</topic>
              <topic>District Courts</topic>
              <topic>Eleventh Amendment</topic>
              <topic>People with Disabilities</topic>
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              <courtTerm>1984</courtTerm>
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                   <topic>Employment Status</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>California State Hospital</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Discrimination</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Injunctions</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>California</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Diabetes</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Rehabilitation Act of 1973</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>District Courts</topic>
                                        
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                   <topic>National Supremacy: Miscellaneous</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Federalism</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <docketId>1984-154-01</docketId>
              <petitioner state="California">State department or agency</petitioner>
              <respondent>Handicapped individual, or organization of devoted to</respondent>
              <jurisdiction>Cert</jurisdiction>
              <adminAction state="California">State Agency</adminAction>
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              <caseSource>U.S. Court of Appeals, Ninth Circuit</caseSource>
              <certReason>Federal court conflict</certReason>
              <chiefJustice>Warren Earl Burger</chiefJustice>
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              <authorityDecision>Judicial review (state level)</authorityDecision>
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                   <type>Constitutional Amendment</type>
                                        
                   <legalProvisions>Eleventh Amendment</legalProvisions>
                                    
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              <disposition>Reversed</disposition>
              <partyWinning>Petitioning party received a favorable disposition</partyWinning>
              <majorityOpinion>
                                        
                   <writer>Lewis F. Powell, Jr.</writer>
                                        
                   <assigner>Warren Earl Burger</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
              <votes>
                                        
                   <majority>5</majority>
                                        
                   <minority>4</minority>
                                    
            </votes>
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         <titleInfo>
              <title>Walters v. Nat. Assn. of Radiation Survivors, 473 U.S. 305 (1985)</title>
              <partNumber>473 U.S. 305</partNumber>
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         <subject>
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              <topic>Veterans Administration</topic>
              <topic>Attorney&apos;s Fees</topic>
              <topic>Veterans</topic>
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              <topic>Fifth Amendment</topic>
              <topic>People with Disabilities</topic>
              <topic>Constitutional Law</topic>
              <topic>Attorneys&apos; and Governmental Employees&apos; or Officials&apos; Fees or Compensation or Licenses</topic>
              <topic>Attorneys</topic>
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              <decisionDate>1985-06-28</decisionDate>
              <courtTerm>1984</courtTerm>
              <usCitation>473 U.S. 305</usCitation>
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              <subject authority="llc" uri="https://www.loc.gov/research-centers/law-library-of-congress/about-this-research-center">
                                        
                   <topic>First Amendment</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>District Courts</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Administrative Law</topic>
                                        
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                   <topic>Veterans Administration</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Attorney&apos;s Fees</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Veterans</topic>
                                        
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                   <topic>Fifth Amendment</topic>
                                        
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                   <topic>Constitutional Law</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
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                   <topic>Attorneys&apos; and Governmental Employees&apos; or Officials&apos; Fees or Compensation or Licenses</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Attorneys</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <docketId>1984-155-01</docketId>
              <petitioner>Veterans&apos; Administration</petitioner>
              <respondent>Veteran</respondent>
              <jurisdiction>Appeal</jurisdiction>
              <caseOrigin>California Northern U.S. District Court</caseOrigin>
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              <authorityDecision>Statutory construction</authorityDecision>
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                   <type>Infrequently litigated statutes</type>
                                        
                   <legalProvisions>Infrequently litigated statutes</legalProvisions>
                                    
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              <unconstitutionality>No declaration of unconstitutionality</unconstitutionality>
              <disposition>Reversed</disposition>
              <partyWinning>Petitioning party received a favorable disposition</partyWinning>
              <majorityOpinion>
                                        
                   <writer>William H. Rehnquist</writer>
                                        
                   <assigner>Warren Earl Burger</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
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                   <majority>6</majority>
                                        
                   <minority>3</minority>
                                    
            </votes>
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         <titleInfo>
              <title>Grand Rapids School District v. Ball, 473 U.S. 373 (1984)</title>
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              <topic>Establishment Clause</topic>
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              <topic>Fourteenth Amendment</topic>
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                   <topic>First Amendment</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Private Schools</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Shared Time and Community Education Programs</topic>
                                        
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                   <topic>Parochiaid: Government Aid to Religious Schools, or Religious Requirements in Public Schools</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>First Amendment</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <docketId>1984-156-01</docketId>
              <petitioner state="Michigan">Local school district or board of education</petitioner>
              <respondent state="Michigan">State or local governmental taxpayer, or executor of the estate of</respondent>
              <jurisdiction>Cert</jurisdiction>
              <adminAction state="Michigan">State Agency</adminAction>
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              <certReason>No reason given</certReason>
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                   <type>Constitutional Amendment</type>
                                        
                   <legalProvisions>First Amendment (establishment of religion)</legalProvisions>
                                    
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              <unconstitutionality>No declaration of unconstitutionality</unconstitutionality>
              <disposition>Affirmed (includes modified)</disposition>
              <partyWinning>No favorable disposition for petitioning party apparent</partyWinning>
              <majorityOpinion>
                                        
                   <writer>William J. Brennan, Jr.</writer>
                                        
                   <assigner>William J. Brennan, Jr.</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
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                   <majority>5</majority>
                                        
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              <title>Aguilar v. Felton, 473 U.S. 402 (1985)</title>
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                   <topic>Public Schools</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Establishment Clause</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Employees</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>District Courts</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Constitutional Law</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Teachers</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Elementary and Secondary Education</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <subject authority="scdb" uri="http://scdb.wustl.edu/documentation.php?var=issue">
                                        
                   <topic>Parochiaid: Government Aid to Religious Schools, or Religious Requirements in Public Schools</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>First Amendment</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <docketId>1984-157-01</docketId>
              <petitioner>Student, or applicant for admission to an educational institution</petitioner>
              <respondent state="New York">State or local governmental taxpayer, or executor of the estate of</respondent>
              <jurisdiction>Cert</jurisdiction>
              <adminAction state="New York">State Agency</adminAction>
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              <caseSource>U.S. Court of Appeals, Second Circuit</caseSource>
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              <authorityDecision>Statutory construction</authorityDecision>
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                   <type>Constitutional Amendment</type>
                                        
                   <legalProvisions>First Amendment (establishment of religion)</legalProvisions>
                                    
            </law>
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              <unconstitutionality>Act of congress declared unconstitutional</unconstitutionality>
              <disposition>Affirmed (includes modified)</disposition>
              <partyWinning>No favorable disposition for petitioning party apparent</partyWinning>
              <majorityOpinion>
                                        
                   <writer>William J. Brennan, Jr.</writer>
                                        
                   <assigner>William J. Brennan, Jr.</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
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                   <majority>5</majority>
                                        
                   <minority>4</minority>
                                    
            </votes>
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              <title>Cleburne v. Cleburne Living Center, 473 U.S. 432 (1985)</title>
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              <topic>Mental Health</topic>
              <topic>Permits</topic>
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              <topic>People with Disabilities</topic>
              <topic>District Courts</topic>
              <topic>Mental Illness</topic>
              <topic>Constitutional Law</topic>
              <topic>Equal Protection Clause</topic>
              <topic>Zoning: Constitutionality of Such Ordinances, or Restrictions on Owners&apos; or Lessors&apos; Use of Real Property</topic>
              <topic>Economic Activity</topic>
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                   <topic>Mental Health</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Permits</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Zoning Ordinances</topic>
                                        
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                   <topic>Zoning: Constitutionality of Such Ordinances, or Restrictions on Owners&apos; or Lessors&apos; Use of Real Property</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Economic Activity</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <docketId>1984-158-01</docketId>
              <petitioner state="Texas">City, town, township, village, or borough government or governmental unit</petitioner>
              <respondent>Person with mental disabilities</respondent>
              <jurisdiction>Cert</jurisdiction>
              <caseOrigin>Texas Northern U.S. District Court</caseOrigin>
              <caseSource>U.S. Court of Appeals, Fifth Circuit</caseSource>
              <certReason>No reason given</certReason>
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                   <type>Constitutional Amendment</type>
                                        
                   <legalProvisions>Fourteenth Amendment (equal protection)</legalProvisions>
                                    
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              <unconstitutionality>Municipal or other local ordinance unconstitutional</unconstitutionality>
              <disposition>Affirmed and reversed (or vacated) in part</disposition>
              <partyWinning>No favorable disposition for petitioning party apparent</partyWinning>
              <majorityOpinion>
                                        
                   <writer>Byron Raymond White</writer>
                                        
                   <assigner>Warren Earl Burger</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
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                   <majority>9</majority>
                                        
                   <minority>0</minority>
                                    
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              <title>Sedima, S.P.R.L. v. IMREX Co., 473 U.S. 479 (1984)</title>
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              <topic>Mail Fraud</topic>
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                   <topic>Mail Fraud</topic>
                                        
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                   <topic>Fraud and Financial Crimes</topic>
                                        
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                   <topic>Statutory Construction of Criminal Laws: Fraud</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Criminal Procedure</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <docketId>1984-159-01</docketId>
              <petitioner>Foreign (non-American) nongovernmental entity</petitioner>
              <respondent>Manufacturer</respondent>
              <jurisdiction>Cert</jurisdiction>
              <caseOrigin>New York Eastern U.S. District Court</caseOrigin>
              <caseSource>U.S. Court of Appeals, Second Circuit</caseSource>
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              <authorityDecision>Statutory construction</authorityDecision>
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                   <type>Federal Statute</type>
                                        
                   <legalProvisions>Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations</legalProvisions>
                                    
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              <disposition>Reversed and remanded</disposition>
              <partyWinning>Petitioning party received a favorable disposition</partyWinning>
              <majorityOpinion>
                                        
                   <writer>Byron Raymond White</writer>
                                        
                   <assigner>Warren Earl Burger</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
              <votes>
                                        
                   <majority>5</majority>
                                        
                   <minority>4</minority>
                                    
            </votes>
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         <titleInfo>
              <title>United States v. Montoya de Hernandez, 473 U.S. 531 (1985)</title>
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              <topic>Evidence</topic>
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              <topic>Criminal Law and Procedure</topic>
              <topic>Search and Seizure (Other than as Pertains to Vehicles or Crime Control Act)</topic>
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                   <topic>Evidence</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Colombia</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Cocaine</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>South America</topic>
                                        
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                   <topic>Search and Seizure (Other than as Pertains to Vehicles or Crime Control Act)</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Criminal Procedure</topic>
                                    
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              <docketId>1984-160-01</docketId>
              <petitioner>United States</petitioner>
              <respondent>Arrested person, or pretrial detainee</respondent>
              <jurisdiction>Cert</jurisdiction>
              <caseOrigin>California Central U.S. District Court</caseOrigin>
              <caseSource>U.S. Court of Appeals, Ninth Circuit</caseSource>
              <certReason>Federal court conflict and to resolve important or significant question</certReason>
              <chiefJustice>Warren Earl Burger</chiefJustice>
              <dateArgument>1985-04-24</dateArgument>
              <authorityDecision>Judicial review (national level)</authorityDecision>
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                   <type>Constitutional Amendment</type>
                                        
                   <legalProvisions>Fourth Amendment</legalProvisions>
                                    
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              <unconstitutionality>No declaration of unconstitutionality</unconstitutionality>
              <disposition>Reversed</disposition>
              <partyWinning>Petitioning party received a favorable disposition</partyWinning>
              <majorityOpinion>
                                        
                   <writer>William H. Rehnquist</writer>
                                        
                   <assigner>Warren Earl Burger</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
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                   <majority>7</majority>
                                        
                   <minority>2</minority>
                                    
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         <titleInfo>
              <title>Thomas v. Union Carbide Agric. Products Co., 473 U.S. 568 (1985)</title>
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              <identifier type="FDsys Unique ID">D09002ee1d4d8e1b0</identifier>
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              <topic>Research Data</topic>
              <topic>Article III of the Constitution</topic>
              <topic>Corporations</topic>
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              <topic>District Courts</topic>
              <topic>Constitutional Law</topic>
              <topic>Arbitration (Other than as Pertains to Labor-Management or Employer-Employee Relations (Cf. Union Arbitration)</topic>
              <topic>Economic Activity</topic>
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              <searchTitle>United States reports : cases adjudged in the Supreme Court at October term, 1984, June 27 through October 2, 1985, together with opinions of individual justices in chambers, end of term;Thomas v. Union Carbide Agric. Products Co., 473 U.S. 568 (1985);473 U.S. 568</searchTitle>
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                   <topic>Research Data</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Article III of the Constitution</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Corporations</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Environmental Protection Agency (E.P.A.)</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Arbitration</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Environmental Law</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (F.I.F.R.A.)</topic>
                                        
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                   <topic>Arbitration (Other than as Pertains to Labor-Management or Employer-Employee Relations (Cf. Union Arbitration)</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Economic Activity</topic>
                                    
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              <docketId>1984-161-01</docketId>
              <petitioner>Environmental Protection Agency or Administrator</petitioner>
              <respondent>Chemical company</respondent>
              <jurisdiction>Appeal</jurisdiction>
              <caseOrigin>New York Southern U.S. District Court</caseOrigin>
              <caseSource>New York Southern U.S. District Court</caseSource>
              <certReason>Case did not arise on cert or cert not granted</certReason>
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                   <type>Constitution</type>
                                        
                   <legalProvisions>Article III, Section 2, Paragraph 1 (case or controversy requirement)</legalProvisions>
                                    
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              <unconstitutionality>No declaration of unconstitutionality</unconstitutionality>
              <disposition>Reversed and remanded</disposition>
              <partyWinning>Petitioning party received a favorable disposition</partyWinning>
              <majorityOpinion>
                                        
                   <writer>Sandra Day O&apos;Connor</writer>
                                        
                   <assigner>Warren Earl Burger</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
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                   <majority>9</majority>
                                        
                   <minority>0</minority>
                                    
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              <title>American National Bank &amp; Tr. Co. v. Haroco, Inc., 473 U.S. 606 (1985)</title>
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              <identifier type="FDsys Unique ID">D09002ee1d4d8e1ab</identifier>
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         <subject>
              <topic>Mail Fraud</topic>
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              <topic>Fraud and Financial Crimes</topic>
              <topic>District Courts</topic>
              <topic>Loans and Debt</topic>
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                   <topic>Mail Fraud</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations Act (R.I.C.O.)</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Interest Rate</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Fraud and Financial Crimes</topic>
                                        
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                   <topic>Statutory Construction of Criminal Laws: Fraud</topic>
                                        
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              <docketId>1984-162-01</docketId>
              <petitioner>Bank, savings and loan, credit union, investment company</petitioner>
              <respondent>Debtor</respondent>
              <jurisdiction>Cert</jurisdiction>
              <caseOrigin>Illinois Northern U.S. District Court</caseOrigin>
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                   <type>Federal Statute</type>
                                        
                   <legalProvisions>Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations</legalProvisions>
                                    
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                   <assigner>Warren Earl Burger</assigner>
                                    
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                   <majority>5</majority>
                                        
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              <title>Oklahoma v. Arkansas, 473 U.S. 610 (1985)</title>
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              <topic>Property</topic>
              <topic>Oklahoma</topic>
              <topic>Property Law</topic>
              <topic>Sovereign Control</topic>
              <topic>Arkansas</topic>
              <topic>State Boundaries</topic>
              <topic>Boundary Dispute Between States</topic>
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                   <topic>Boundaries</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Property</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Oklahoma</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Property Law</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Sovereign Control</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Arkansas</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>State Boundaries</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
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                   <topic>Boundary Dispute Between States</topic>
                                        
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            </subject>
              <docketId>1984-163-01</docketId>
              <petitioner state="Oklahoma">State</petitioner>
              <respondent state="Arkansas">State</respondent>
              <jurisdiction>Original</jurisdiction>
              <certReason>Case did not arise on cert or cert not granted</certReason>
              <chiefJustice>Warren Earl Burger</chiefJustice>
              <authorityDecision>Supreme Court supervision of lower federal or state courts or original jurisdiction</authorityDecision>
              <law></law>
              <decisionType>Decrees</decisionType>
              <unconstitutionality>No declaration of unconstitutionality</unconstitutionality>
              <partyWinning>No favorable disposition for petitioning party apparent</partyWinning>
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                   <assigner>Warren Earl Burger</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
              <votes>
                                        
                   <majority>9</majority>
                                        
                   <minority>0</minority>
                                    
            </votes>
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         <titleInfo>
              <title>Mitsubishi Motors v. Soler Chrysler-Plymouth, 473 U.S. 614 (1985)</title>
              <partNumber>473 U.S. 614</partNumber>
              <partName>Case</partName>
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              <topic>Arbitration</topic>
              <topic>Convention on the Recognition and Enforcement of Foreign Arbitral Awards</topic>
              <topic>Sherman Act</topic>
              <topic>District Courts</topic>
              <topic>Federal Arbitration Act</topic>
              <topic>Joint Manufacturing Venture</topic>
              <topic>Distribution and Sales Agreements</topic>
              <topic>Antitrust Law</topic>
              <topic>Arbitration (Other than as Pertains to Labor-Management or Employer-Employee Relations (Cf. Union Arbitration)</topic>
              <topic>Economic Activity</topic>
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              <reportNumber>614</reportNumber>
              <sequenceNumber>25</sequenceNumber>
              <pagePosition>1</pagePosition>
              <decisionDate>1985-07-02</decisionDate>
              <courtTerm>1984</courtTerm>
              <usCitation>473 U.S. 614</usCitation>
              <fullCitation>473 U.S. 614 (1985)</fullCitation>
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                   <topic>Arbitration</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Convention on the Recognition and Enforcement of Foreign Arbitral Awards</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Sherman Act</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>District Courts</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Federal Arbitration Act</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Joint Manufacturing Venture</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Distribution and Sales Agreements</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Antitrust Law</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
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                   <topic>Arbitration (Other than as Pertains to Labor-Management or Employer-Employee Relations (Cf. Union Arbitration)</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Economic Activity</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <docketId>1984-164-01</docketId>
              <petitioner>Foreign (non-American) nongovernmental entity</petitioner>
              <respondent>Car dealer</respondent>
              <jurisdiction>Cert</jurisdiction>
              <caseOrigin>Puerto Rico U.S. District Court</caseOrigin>
              <caseSource>U.S. Court of Appeals, First Circuit</caseSource>
              <certReason>To resolve question presented</certReason>
              <chiefJustice>Warren Earl Burger</chiefJustice>
              <dateArgument>1985-03-18</dateArgument>
              <authorityDecision>Statutory construction</authorityDecision>
              <law>
                                        
                   <type>Infrequently litigated statutes</type>
                                        
                   <legalProvisions>Infrequently litigated statutes</legalProvisions>
                                    
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              <decisionType>Opinion of the court (orally argued)</decisionType>
              <unconstitutionality>No declaration of unconstitutionality</unconstitutionality>
              <disposition>Affirmed and reversed (or vacated) in part and remanded</disposition>
              <partyWinning>Petitioning party received a favorable disposition</partyWinning>
              <majorityOpinion>
                                        
                   <writer>Harry A. Blackmun</writer>
                                        
                   <assigner>Warren Earl Burger</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
              <votes>
                                        
                   <majority>5</majority>
                                        
                   <minority>3</minority>
                                    
            </votes>
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         <titleInfo>
              <title>United States v. Bagley, 473 U.S. 667 (1985)</title>
              <partNumber>473 U.S. 667</partNumber>
              <partName>Case</partName>
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              <topic>Drugs and Narcotics</topic>
              <topic>Legal Ethics</topic>
              <topic>Waiver of Right to Jury Trial</topic>
              <topic>Exchange for Testimony</topic>
              <topic>Criminal Law and Procedure</topic>
              <topic>Professional Responsibility</topic>
              <topic>Undercover Investigations</topic>
              <topic>Freedom of Information Act (F.O.I.A.)</topic>
              <topic>Privacy Act</topic>
              <topic>Discovery and Inspection (In the Context of Criminal Litigation Only, Otherwise Freedom of Information Act and Related Federal or State Statutes or Regulations)</topic>
              <topic>Criminal Procedure</topic>
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              <pagePosition>1</pagePosition>
              <decisionDate>1985-07-02</decisionDate>
              <courtTerm>1984</courtTerm>
              <usCitation>473 U.S. 667</usCitation>
              <fullCitation>473 U.S. 667 (1985)</fullCitation>
              <subject authority="llc" uri="https://www.loc.gov/research-centers/law-library-of-congress/about-this-research-center">
                                        
                   <topic>Evidence</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>District Courts</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Firearms</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Drugs and Narcotics</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Legal Ethics</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Waiver of Right to Jury Trial</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Exchange for Testimony</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Criminal Law and Procedure</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Professional Responsibility</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Undercover Investigations</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Freedom of Information Act (F.O.I.A.)</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Privacy Act</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <subject authority="scdb" uri="http://scdb.wustl.edu/documentation.php?var=issue">
                                        
                   <topic>Discovery and Inspection (In the Context of Criminal Litigation Only, Otherwise Freedom of Information Act and Related Federal or State Statutes or Regulations)</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Criminal Procedure</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <docketId>1984-165-01</docketId>
              <petitioner>United States</petitioner>
              <respondent>Person convicted of crime</respondent>
              <jurisdiction>Cert</jurisdiction>
              <caseOrigin>Washington Western U.S. District Court</caseOrigin>
              <caseSource>U.S. Court of Appeals, Ninth Circuit</caseSource>
              <certReason>No reason given</certReason>
              <chiefJustice>Warren Earl Burger</chiefJustice>
              <dateArgument>1985-03-20</dateArgument>
              <authorityDecision>Judicial review (national level)</authorityDecision>
              <authorityDecision>Federal common law</authorityDecision>
              <law>
                                        
                   <type>Constitutional Amendment</type>
                                        
                   <legalProvisions>Fifth Amendment (due process)</legalProvisions>
                                    
            </law>
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              <unconstitutionality>No declaration of unconstitutionality</unconstitutionality>
              <disposition>Reversed and remanded</disposition>
              <partyWinning>Petitioning party received a favorable disposition</partyWinning>
              <majorityOpinion>
                                        
                   <writer>Harry A. Blackmun</writer>
                                        
                   <assigner>Warren Earl Burger</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
              <votes>
                                        
                   <majority>5</majority>
                                        
                   <minority>3</minority>
                                    
            </votes>
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         <titleInfo>
              <title>Carchman v. Nash, 473 U.S. 716 (1985)</title>
              <partNumber>473 U.S. 716</partNumber>
              <partName>Case</partName>
        </titleInfo>
         <identifier type="uri">https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/USREPORTS-473/USREPORTS-473-716</identifier>
         <identifier type="preferred citation">473 U.S. 716 (1985)</identifier>
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         <subject>
              <topic>Interstate Agreement on Detainers</topic>
              <topic>Habeas Corpus</topic>
              <topic>New Jersey</topic>
              <topic>Inmates and Prisoners</topic>
              <topic>Legal Remedies</topic>
              <topic>Conflicts of Law</topic>
              <topic>Criminal Law and Procedure</topic>
              <topic>Pennsylvania</topic>
              <topic>District Courts</topic>
              <topic>Subconstitutional Fair Procedure: Presentation, Admissibility, or Sufficiency of Evidence (Not Necessarily a Criminal Case)</topic>
              <topic>Criminal Procedure</topic>
        </subject>
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              <reportNumber>716</reportNumber>
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              <pagePosition>1</pagePosition>
              <decisionDate>1985-07-02</decisionDate>
              <courtTerm>1984</courtTerm>
              <usCitation>473 U.S. 716</usCitation>
              <fullCitation>473 U.S. 716 (1985)</fullCitation>
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                   <topic>Interstate Agreement on Detainers</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Habeas Corpus</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>New Jersey</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Inmates and Prisoners</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Legal Remedies</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Conflicts of Law</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Criminal Law and Procedure</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Pennsylvania</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>District Courts</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
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                   <topic>Subconstitutional Fair Procedure: Presentation, Admissibility, or Sufficiency of Evidence (Not Necessarily a Criminal Case)</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Criminal Procedure</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <docketId>1984-166-01</docketId>
              <petitioner state="New Jersey">State</petitioner>
              <respondent>Probationer, or parolee</respondent>
              <jurisdiction>Cert</jurisdiction>
              <caseOrigin>New Jersey U.S. District Court</caseOrigin>
              <caseSource>U.S. Court of Appeals, Third Circuit</caseSource>
              <certReason>Conflict between federal court and state court</certReason>
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              <dateArgument>1985-04-22</dateArgument>
              <authorityDecision>Statutory construction</authorityDecision>
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                   <type>Other</type>
                                        
                   <legalProvisions>Interstate Compact</legalProvisions>
                                    
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              <disposition>Reversed</disposition>
              <partyWinning>Petitioning party received a favorable disposition</partyWinning>
              <majorityOpinion>
                                        
                   <writer>Harry A. Blackmun</writer>
                                        
                   <assigner>Warren Earl Burger</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
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                   <majority>6</majority>
                                        
                   <minority>3</minority>
                                    
            </votes>
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         <titleInfo>
              <title>Oregon Fish &amp; Wildlife Dept. v. Klamath Tribe, 473 U.S. 753 (1985)</title>
              <partNumber>473 U.S. 753</partNumber>
              <partName>Case</partName>
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         <subject>
              <topic>Reservations</topic>
              <topic>Boundaries Disputes</topic>
              <topic>Aboriginal Lands</topic>
              <topic>1864 Treaty</topic>
              <topic>Federal Indian and Tribal Law</topic>
              <topic>Land Titles</topic>
              <topic>Boundaries</topic>
              <topic>Hunting and Fishing</topic>
              <topic>District Courts</topic>
              <topic>1901 Cession Agreement</topic>
              <topic>Indians, State Jurisdiction Over</topic>
              <topic>Civil Rights</topic>
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              <accessId>USREPORTS-473-753</accessId>
              <reportNumber>753</reportNumber>
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              <pagePosition>1</pagePosition>
              <decisionDate>1985-07-02</decisionDate>
              <courtTerm>1984</courtTerm>
              <usCitation>473 U.S. 753</usCitation>
              <fullCitation>473 U.S. 753 (1985)</fullCitation>
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                   <topic>Reservations</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Boundaries Disputes</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Aboriginal Lands</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>1864 Treaty</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Federal Indian and Tribal Law</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Land Titles</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Boundaries</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Hunting and Fishing</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>District Courts</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>1901 Cession Agreement</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <subject authority="scdb" uri="http://scdb.wustl.edu/documentation.php?var=issue">
                                        
                   <topic>Indians, State Jurisdiction Over</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Civil Rights</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <docketId>1984-167-01</docketId>
              <petitioner state="Oregon">State department or agency</petitioner>
              <respondent>Indian, including Indian tribe or nation</respondent>
              <jurisdiction>Cert</jurisdiction>
              <adminAction state="Oregon">State Agency</adminAction>
              <caseOrigin>Oregon U.S. District Court</caseOrigin>
              <caseSource>U.S. Court of Appeals, Ninth Circuit</caseSource>
              <certReason>Putative conflict</certReason>
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              <dateArgument>1985-02-27</dateArgument>
              <authorityDecision>Statutory construction</authorityDecision>
              <law>
                                        
                   <type>Infrequently litigated statutes</type>
                                        
                   <legalProvisions>Infrequently litigated statutes</legalProvisions>
                                    
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              <unconstitutionality>No declaration of unconstitutionality</unconstitutionality>
              <disposition>Reversed</disposition>
              <partyWinning>Petitioning party received a favorable disposition</partyWinning>
              <majorityOpinion>
                                        
                   <writer>John Paul Stevens</writer>
                                        
                   <assigner>Warren Earl Burger</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
              <votes>
                                        
                   <majority>6</majority>
                                        
                   <minority>2</minority>
                                    
            </votes>
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         <titleInfo>
              <title>Cornelius v. NAACP Legal Defense &amp; Ed. Fund, 473 U.S. 788 (1985)</title>
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              <partName>Case</partName>
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         <identifier type="uri">https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/USREPORTS-473/USREPORTS-473-788</identifier>
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              <topic>Political Advocacy Organizations</topic>
              <topic>First Amendment</topic>
              <topic>Right to Seek Designated Funds</topic>
              <topic>Combined Federal Campaign (C.F.C.)</topic>
              <topic>Administrative Law</topic>
              <topic>Charity Drives</topic>
              <topic>Administrative Law and Regulatory Procedure</topic>
              <topic>Right to Solicit Charitable Contributions</topic>
              <topic>District Courts</topic>
              <topic>Constitutional Law</topic>
              <topic>First Amendment, Miscellaneous (Cf. Comity: First Amendment)</topic>
              <topic>First Amendment</topic>
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                   <topic>Political Advocacy Organizations</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>First Amendment</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Right to Seek Designated Funds</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Combined Federal Campaign (C.F.C.)</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Administrative Law</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Charity Drives</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Administrative Law and Regulatory Procedure</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Right to Solicit Charitable Contributions</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>District Courts</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Constitutional Law</topic>
                                    
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                   <topic>First Amendment, Miscellaneous (Cf. Comity: First Amendment)</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>First Amendment</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <docketId>1984-168-01</docketId>
              <petitioner>Office of Personnel Management</petitioner>
              <respondent>Public interest organization</respondent>
              <jurisdiction>Cert</jurisdiction>
              <caseOrigin>District Of Columbia U.S. District Court</caseOrigin>
              <caseSource>U.S. Court of Appeals, District of Columbia Circuit (includes the Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia but not the District of Columbia Court of Appeals, which has local jurisdiction)</caseSource>
              <certReason>No reason given</certReason>
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              <disposition>Reversed and remanded</disposition>
              <partyWinning>Petitioning party received a favorable disposition</partyWinning>
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                   <writer>Sandra Day O&apos;Connor</writer>
                                        
                   <assigner>Warren Earl Burger</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
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                   <majority>4</majority>
                                        
                   <minority>3</minority>
                                    
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                   <topic>Contracts Law</topic>
                                        
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                   <topic>Contracts</topic>
                                        
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                   <topic>National Forests</topic>
                                        
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              <topic>District Courts</topic>
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                   <topic>Administrative Law</topic>
                                        
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                   <topic>District Courts</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Administrative Law and Regulatory Procedure</topic>
                                        
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                   <topic>Lawyers and Legal Services</topic>
                                        
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