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              <topic>Constitutional Law</topic>
              <topic>Declaratory Judgment</topic>
              <topic>Judicial Administration: Supreme Court Jurisdiction or Authority on Appeal or Writ of Error, from Federal District Courts or Courts of Appeals (Cf. 753)</topic>
              <topic>Judicial Power</topic>
        </subject>
         <extension>
              <searchTitle>United States reports : cases adjudged in the Supreme Court at October term, 1978, (beginning of term) October 2, 1978, through February 1, 1979, together with in-vacation dismissals and opinions of individual justices in chambers;Carey v. Wynn, 439 U.S. 8 (1978);439 U.S. 8</searchTitle>
              <granuleClass>CASE</granuleClass>
              <accessId>USREPORTS-439-8</accessId>
              <reportNumber>8</reportNumber>
              <sequenceNumber>7</sequenceNumber>
              <pagePosition>1</pagePosition>
              <decisionDate>1978-10-16</decisionDate>
              <courtTerm>1978</courtTerm>
              <usCitation>439 U.S. 8</usCitation>
              <fullCitation>439 U.S. 8 (1978)</fullCitation>
              <subject authority="llc" uri="https://www.loc.gov/research-centers/law-library-of-congress/about-this-research-center">
                                        
                   <topic>Appeals</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Illinois</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Jurisdiction and Venue</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Constitutionality</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>District Courts</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Constitutional Law</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Declaratory Judgment</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <subject authority="scdb" uri="http://scdb.wustl.edu/documentation.php?var=issue">
                                        
                   <topic>Judicial Administration: Supreme Court Jurisdiction or Authority on Appeal or Writ of Error, from Federal District Courts or Courts of Appeals (Cf. 753)</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Judicial Power</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <docketId>1978-002-01</docketId>
              <petitioner state="Illinois">State</petitioner>
              <respondent>Physician, MD or DO, dentist, or medical society</respondent>
              <jurisdiction>Appeal</jurisdiction>
              <caseOrigin>Illinois Northern U.S. District Court</caseOrigin>
              <caseSource>Illinois Northern U.S. District Court</caseSource>
              <certReason>Case did not arise on cert or cert not granted</certReason>
              <chiefJustice>Warren Earl Burger</chiefJustice>
              <authorityDecision>Statutory construction</authorityDecision>
              <law>
                                        
                   <type>Infrequently litigated statutes</type>
                                        
                   <legalProvisions>Infrequently litigated statutes</legalProvisions>
                                    
            </law>
              <decisionType>Per curiam (no oral argument)</decisionType>
              <unconstitutionality>No declaration of unconstitutionality</unconstitutionality>
              <disposition>Petition denied or appeal dismissed</disposition>
              <partyWinning>No favorable disposition for petitioning party apparent</partyWinning>
              <majorityOpinion>
                                        
                   <assigner>Warren Earl Burger</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
              <votes>
                                        
                   <majority>8</majority>
                                        
                   <minority>0</minority>
                                    
            </votes>
        </extension>
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         <titleInfo>
              <title>NLRB v. Baylor University Medical Center, 439 U.S. 9 (1978)</title>
              <partNumber>439 U.S. 9</partNumber>
              <partName>Case</partName>
        </titleInfo>
         <identifier type="uri">https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/USREPORTS-439/USREPORTS-439-9</identifier>
         <identifier type="preferred citation">439 U.S. 9 (1978)</identifier>
         <identifier type="United States Reports citation">439 U.S. 9</identifier>
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              <identifier type="FDsys Unique ID">D09002ee1d4d5896e</identifier>
        </relatedItem>
         <subject>
              <topic>Cafeteria</topic>
              <topic>Hospitals</topic>
              <topic>Solicitation</topic>
              <topic>Labor and Employment Law</topic>
              <topic>Health</topic>
              <topic>Corridors</topic>
              <topic>Washington, D.C.</topic>
              <topic>Health Facilities and Institutions</topic>
              <topic>Patients</topic>
              <topic>Labor-Management Disputes: Right to Organize</topic>
              <topic>Unions</topic>
        </subject>
         <extension>
              <searchTitle>United States reports : cases adjudged in the Supreme Court at October term, 1978, (beginning of term) October 2, 1978, through February 1, 1979, together with in-vacation dismissals and opinions of individual justices in chambers;NLRB v. Baylor University Medical Center, 439 U.S. 9 (1978);439 U.S. 9</searchTitle>
              <granuleClass>CASE</granuleClass>
              <accessId>USREPORTS-439-9</accessId>
              <reportNumber>9</reportNumber>
              <sequenceNumber>8</sequenceNumber>
              <pagePosition>1</pagePosition>
              <decisionDate>1978-10-30</decisionDate>
              <courtTerm>1978</courtTerm>
              <usCitation>439 U.S. 9</usCitation>
              <fullCitation>439 U.S. 9 (1978)</fullCitation>
              <subject authority="llc" uri="https://www.loc.gov/research-centers/law-library-of-congress/about-this-research-center">
                                        
                   <topic>Cafeteria</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Hospitals</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Solicitation</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Labor and Employment Law</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Health</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Corridors</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Washington, D.C.</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Health Facilities and Institutions</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Patients</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <subject authority="scdb" uri="http://scdb.wustl.edu/documentation.php?var=issue">
                                        
                   <topic>Labor-Management Disputes: Right to Organize</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Unions</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <docketId>1978-003-01</docketId>
              <petitioner>National Labor Relations Board, or regional office or officer</petitioner>
              <respondent>Hospital, medical center</respondent>
              <jurisdiction>Cert</jurisdiction>
              <adminAction>National Labor Relations Board, or regional office or officer</adminAction>
              <caseOrigin>U.S. Court of Appeals, District of Columbia Circuit (includes the Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia but not the District of Columbia Court of Appeals, which has local jurisdiction)</caseOrigin>
              <caseSource>U.S. Court of Appeals, District of Columbia Circuit (includes the Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia but not the District of Columbia Court of Appeals, which has local jurisdiction)</caseSource>
              <certReason>No reason given</certReason>
              <chiefJustice>Warren Earl Burger</chiefJustice>
              <authorityDecision>Supreme Court supervision of lower federal or state courts or original jurisdiction</authorityDecision>
              <authorityDecision>Statutory construction</authorityDecision>
              <law>
                                        
                   <type>Federal Statute</type>
                                        
                   <legalProvisions>National Labor Relations, as amended</legalProvisions>
                                    
            </law>
              <decisionType>Per curiam (no oral argument)</decisionType>
              <unconstitutionality>No declaration of unconstitutionality</unconstitutionality>
              <disposition>Vacated and remanded</disposition>
              <partyWinning>Petitioning party received a favorable disposition</partyWinning>
              <majorityOpinion>
                                        
                   <assigner>Warren Earl Burger</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
              <votes>
                                        
                   <majority>6</majority>
                                        
                   <minority>3</minority>
                                    
            </votes>
        </extension>
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    <relatedItem type="constituent" ID="id-USREPORTS-439-14" xlink:href="https://www.govinfo.gov/metadata/granule/USREPORTS-439/USREPORTS-439-14/mods.xml">
         <titleInfo>
              <title>Presnell v. Georgia, 439 U.S. 14 (1978)</title>
              <partNumber>439 U.S. 14</partNumber>
              <partName>Case</partName>
        </titleInfo>
         <identifier type="uri">https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/USREPORTS-439/USREPORTS-439-14</identifier>
         <identifier type="preferred citation">439 U.S. 14 (1978)</identifier>
         <identifier type="United States Reports citation">439 U.S. 14</identifier>
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              <identifier type="FDsys Unique ID">D09002ee1d4d58969</identifier>
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         <subject>
              <topic>Capital Offense</topic>
              <topic>Death Penalty</topic>
              <topic>Due Process</topic>
              <topic>Human Rights and Civil Liberties</topic>
              <topic>Bodily Injury</topic>
              <topic>Kidnapping</topic>
              <topic>Sentencing</topic>
              <topic>Aggravating Circumstances</topic>
              <topic>Crime and Law Enforcement</topic>
              <topic>Georgia</topic>
              <topic>Sex Offenses</topic>
              <topic>Constitutional Law</topic>
              <topic>Criminal Law and Procedure</topic>
              <topic>Cruel and Unusual Punishment, Death Penalty (Cf. Extra Legal Jury Influence, Death Rights) Penalty)</topic>
              <topic>Criminal Procedure</topic>
        </subject>
         <extension>
              <searchTitle>United States reports : cases adjudged in the Supreme Court at October term, 1978, (beginning of term) October 2, 1978, through February 1, 1979, together with in-vacation dismissals and opinions of individual justices in chambers;Presnell v. Georgia, 439 U.S. 14 (1978);439 U.S. 14</searchTitle>
              <granuleClass>CASE</granuleClass>
              <accessId>USREPORTS-439-14</accessId>
              <reportNumber>14</reportNumber>
              <sequenceNumber>9</sequenceNumber>
              <pagePosition>1</pagePosition>
              <decisionDate>1978-11-06</decisionDate>
              <courtTerm>1978</courtTerm>
              <usCitation>439 U.S. 14</usCitation>
              <fullCitation>439 U.S. 14 (1978)</fullCitation>
              <subject authority="llc" uri="https://www.loc.gov/research-centers/law-library-of-congress/about-this-research-center">
                                        
                   <topic>Capital Offense</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Death Penalty</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Due Process</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Human Rights and Civil Liberties</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Bodily Injury</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Kidnapping</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Sentencing</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Aggravating Circumstances</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Crime and Law Enforcement</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Georgia</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Sex Offenses</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Constitutional Law</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Criminal Law and Procedure</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <subject authority="scdb" uri="http://scdb.wustl.edu/documentation.php?var=issue">
                                        
                   <topic>Cruel and Unusual Punishment, Death Penalty (Cf. Extra Legal Jury Influence, Death Rights) Penalty)</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Criminal Procedure</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <docketId>1978-004-01</docketId>
              <petitioner>Person convicted of crime</petitioner>
              <respondent state="Georgia">State</respondent>
              <jurisdiction>Cert</jurisdiction>
              <caseOrigin state="Georgia">State Trial Court</caseOrigin>
              <caseSource state="Georgia">State Supreme Court</caseSource>
              <certReason>No reason given</certReason>
              <chiefJustice>Warren Earl Burger</chiefJustice>
              <authorityDecision>Judicial review (state level)</authorityDecision>
              <law>
                                        
                   <type>Constitutional Amendment</type>
                                        
                   <legalProvisions>Fourteenth Amendment (due process)</legalProvisions>
                                    
            </law>
              <decisionType>Per curiam (no oral argument)</decisionType>
              <unconstitutionality>No declaration of unconstitutionality</unconstitutionality>
              <disposition>Reversed and remanded</disposition>
              <partyWinning>Petitioning party received a favorable disposition</partyWinning>
              <majorityOpinion>
                                        
                   <assigner>William J. Brennan, Jr.</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
              <votes>
                                        
                   <majority>6</majority>
                                        
                   <minority>3</minority>
                                    
            </votes>
        </extension>
         <location>
              <url displayLabel="Content Detail" access="object in context">https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/USREPORTS-439/USREPORTS-439-14</url>
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    <relatedItem type="constituent" ID="id-USREPORTS-439-24" xlink:href="https://www.govinfo.gov/metadata/granule/USREPORTS-439/USREPORTS-439-24/mods.xml">
         <titleInfo>
              <title>Board of Trustees v. Sweeney, 439 U.S. 24 (1978)</title>
              <partNumber>439 U.S. 24</partNumber>
              <partName>Case</partName>
        </titleInfo>
         <identifier type="uri">https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/USREPORTS-439/USREPORTS-439-24</identifier>
         <identifier type="preferred citation">439 U.S. 24 (1978)</identifier>
         <identifier type="United States Reports citation">439 U.S. 24</identifier>
         <relatedItem type="otherFormat" xlink:href="https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/USREPORTS-439/pdf/USREPORTS-439-24.pdf">
              <identifier type="FDsys Unique ID">D09002ee1d4d589a3</identifier>
        </relatedItem>
         <subject>
              <topic>Nondiscriminatory Reason</topic>
              <topic>Labor and Employment Law</topic>
              <topic>Articulate</topic>
              <topic>Motive</topic>
              <topic>Employment Decision</topic>
              <topic>Court of Appeals</topic>
              <topic>Prima Facie</topic>
              <topic>Employment Discrimination: On Basis of Race, Age, Religion, Illegitimacy, National Origin, or Working Conditions.</topic>
              <topic>Civil Rights</topic>
        </subject>
         <extension>
              <searchTitle>United States reports : cases adjudged in the Supreme Court at October term, 1978, (beginning of term) October 2, 1978, through February 1, 1979, together with in-vacation dismissals and opinions of individual justices in chambers;Board of Trustees v. Sweeney, 439 U.S. 24 (1978);439 U.S. 24</searchTitle>
              <granuleClass>CASE</granuleClass>
              <accessId>USREPORTS-439-24</accessId>
              <reportNumber>24</reportNumber>
              <sequenceNumber>10</sequenceNumber>
              <pagePosition>1</pagePosition>
              <decisionDate>1978-11-13</decisionDate>
              <courtTerm>1978</courtTerm>
              <usCitation>439 U.S. 24</usCitation>
              <fullCitation>439 U.S. 24 (1978)</fullCitation>
              <subject authority="llc" uri="https://www.loc.gov/research-centers/law-library-of-congress/about-this-research-center">
                                        
                   <topic>Nondiscriminatory Reason</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Labor and Employment Law</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Articulate</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Motive</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Employment Decision</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Court of Appeals</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Prima Facie</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <subject authority="scdb" uri="http://scdb.wustl.edu/documentation.php?var=issue">
                                        
                   <topic>Employment Discrimination: On Basis of Race, Age, Religion, Illegitimacy, National Origin, or Working Conditions.</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Civil Rights</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <docketId>1978-005-01</docketId>
              <petitioner state="New Hampshire">State college or university</petitioner>
              <respondent state="New Hampshire">Female governmental employee or job applicant</respondent>
              <jurisdiction>Cert</jurisdiction>
              <adminAction state="New Hampshire">State Agency</adminAction>
              <caseOrigin>New Hampshire U.S. District Court</caseOrigin>
              <caseSource>U.S. Court of Appeals, First Circuit</caseSource>
              <certReason>No reason given</certReason>
              <chiefJustice>Warren Earl Burger</chiefJustice>
              <authorityDecision>Statutory construction</authorityDecision>
              <law>
                                        
                   <type>Federal Statute</type>
                                        
                   <legalProvisions>Civil Rights Act of 1964 (Title VII)</legalProvisions>
                                    
            </law>
              <decisionType>Per curiam (no oral argument)</decisionType>
              <unconstitutionality>No declaration of unconstitutionality</unconstitutionality>
              <disposition>Vacated and remanded</disposition>
              <partyWinning>Petitioning party received a favorable disposition</partyWinning>
              <majorityOpinion>
                                        
                   <assigner>Warren Earl Burger</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
              <votes>
                                        
                   <majority>5</majority>
                                        
                   <minority>4</minority>
                                    
            </votes>
        </extension>
         <location>
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         <titleInfo>
              <title>United States v. California, 439 U.S. 30 (1978)</title>
              <partNumber>439 U.S. 30</partNumber>
              <partName>Case</partName>
        </titleInfo>
         <identifier type="uri">https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/USREPORTS-439/USREPORTS-439-30</identifier>
         <identifier type="preferred citation">439 U.S. 30 (1978)</identifier>
         <identifier type="United States Reports citation">439 U.S. 30</identifier>
         <relatedItem type="otherFormat" xlink:href="https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/USREPORTS-439/pdf/USREPORTS-439-30.pdf">
              <identifier type="FDsys Unique ID">D09002ee1d4d5899c</identifier>
        </relatedItem>
         <subject>
              <topic>Submerged Lands</topic>
              <topic>Tideland</topic>
              <topic>Property Law</topic>
              <topic>Area of Land</topic>
              <topic>Environment</topic>
              <topic>Low Water</topic>
              <topic>Nautical</topic>
              <topic>California</topic>
              <topic>Federal-State Ownership Dispute (Cf. Submerged Lands Act)</topic>
              <topic>Federalism</topic>
        </subject>
         <extension>
              <searchTitle>United States reports : cases adjudged in the Supreme Court at October term, 1978, (beginning of term) October 2, 1978, through February 1, 1979, together with in-vacation dismissals and opinions of individual justices in chambers;United States v. California, 439 U.S. 30 (1978);439 U.S. 30</searchTitle>
              <granuleClass>CASE</granuleClass>
              <accessId>USREPORTS-439-30</accessId>
              <reportNumber>30</reportNumber>
              <sequenceNumber>11</sequenceNumber>
              <pagePosition>1</pagePosition>
              <decisionDate>1978-11-27</decisionDate>
              <courtTerm>1978</courtTerm>
              <usCitation>439 U.S. 30</usCitation>
              <fullCitation>439 U.S. 30 (1978)</fullCitation>
              <subject authority="llc" uri="https://www.loc.gov/research-centers/law-library-of-congress/about-this-research-center">
                                        
                   <topic>Submerged Lands</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Tideland</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Property Law</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Area of Land</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Environment</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Low Water</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Nautical</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>California</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <subject authority="scdb" uri="http://scdb.wustl.edu/documentation.php?var=issue">
                                        
                   <topic>Federal-State Ownership Dispute (Cf. Submerged Lands Act)</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Federalism</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <docketId>1978-006-01</docketId>
              <petitioner>United States</petitioner>
              <respondent state="California">State</respondent>
              <jurisdiction>Original</jurisdiction>
              <certReason>Case did not arise on cert or cert not granted</certReason>
              <chiefJustice>Warren Earl Burger</chiefJustice>
              <authorityDecision>Statutory construction</authorityDecision>
              <law>
                                        
                   <type>Federal Statute</type>
                                        
                   <legalProvisions>Submerged Lands Acts</legalProvisions>
                                    
            </law>
              <decisionType>Decrees</decisionType>
              <unconstitutionality>No declaration of unconstitutionality</unconstitutionality>
              <partyWinning>No favorable disposition for petitioning party apparent</partyWinning>
              <majorityOpinion>
                                        
                   <assigner>Warren Earl Burger</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
              <votes>
                                        
                   <majority>8</majority>
                                        
                   <minority>0</minority>
                                    
            </votes>
        </extension>
         <location>
              <url displayLabel="Content Detail" access="object in context">https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/USREPORTS-439/USREPORTS-439-30</url>
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         <titleInfo>
              <title>Dougherty County Bd. of Ed. v. White, 439 U.S. 32 (1978)</title>
              <partNumber>439 U.S. 32</partNumber>
              <partName>Case</partName>
        </titleInfo>
         <identifier type="uri">https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/USREPORTS-439/USREPORTS-439-32</identifier>
         <identifier type="preferred citation">439 U.S. 32 (1978)</identifier>
         <identifier type="United States Reports citation">439 U.S. 32</identifier>
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              <identifier type="FDsys Unique ID">D09002ee1d4d5894b</identifier>
        </relatedItem>
         <subject>
              <topic>Political Subdivision</topic>
              <topic>Preclearance</topic>
              <topic>Elections and Politics</topic>
              <topic>Discrimination</topic>
              <topic>Human Rights and Civil Liberties</topic>
              <topic>Voting Rights</topic>
              <topic>Public Participation and Lobbying</topic>
              <topic>Georgia</topic>
              <topic>Employees</topic>
              <topic>Constitutional Law</topic>
              <topic>County Board of Education</topic>
              <topic>Voting Rights Act of 1965, Plus Amendments</topic>
              <topic>Civil Rights</topic>
        </subject>
         <extension>
              <searchTitle>United States reports : cases adjudged in the Supreme Court at October term, 1978, (beginning of term) October 2, 1978, through February 1, 1979, together with in-vacation dismissals and opinions of individual justices in chambers;Dougherty County Bd. of Ed. v. White, 439 U.S. 32 (1978);439 U.S. 32</searchTitle>
              <granuleClass>CASE</granuleClass>
              <accessId>USREPORTS-439-32</accessId>
              <reportNumber>32</reportNumber>
              <sequenceNumber>12</sequenceNumber>
              <pagePosition>1</pagePosition>
              <decisionDate>1978-11-28</decisionDate>
              <courtTerm>1978</courtTerm>
              <usCitation>439 U.S. 32</usCitation>
              <fullCitation>439 U.S. 32 (1978)</fullCitation>
              <subject authority="llc" uri="https://www.loc.gov/research-centers/law-library-of-congress/about-this-research-center">
                                        
                   <topic>Political Subdivision</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Preclearance</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Elections and Politics</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Discrimination</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Human Rights and Civil Liberties</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Voting Rights</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Public Participation and Lobbying</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Georgia</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Employees</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Constitutional Law</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>County Board of Education</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <subject authority="scdb" uri="http://scdb.wustl.edu/documentation.php?var=issue">
                                        
                   <topic>Voting Rights Act of 1965, Plus Amendments</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Civil Rights</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <docketId>1978-007-01</docketId>
              <petitioner state="Georgia">Local school district or board of education</petitioner>
              <respondent state="Georgia">Minority governmental employee or job applicant</respondent>
              <jurisdiction>Appeal</jurisdiction>
              <adminAction state="Georgia">State Agency</adminAction>
              <caseOrigin>Georgia Middle U.S. District Court</caseOrigin>
              <caseSource>Georgia Middle U.S. District Court</caseSource>
              <certReason>Case did not arise on cert or cert not granted</certReason>
              <chiefJustice>Warren Earl Burger</chiefJustice>
              <dateArgument>1978-10-02</dateArgument>
              <authorityDecision>Statutory construction</authorityDecision>
              <law>
                                        
                   <type>Federal Statute</type>
                                        
                   <legalProvisions>Voting Rights Act of 1965, plus amendments</legalProvisions>
                                    
            </law>
              <decisionType>Opinion of the court (orally argued)</decisionType>
              <unconstitutionality>No declaration of unconstitutionality</unconstitutionality>
              <disposition>Affirmed (includes modified)</disposition>
              <partyWinning>No favorable disposition for petitioning party apparent</partyWinning>
              <majorityOpinion>
                                        
                   <writer>Thurgood Marshall</writer>
                                        
                   <assigner>William J. Brennan, Jr.</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
              <votes>
                                        
                   <majority>5</majority>
                                        
                   <minority>4</minority>
                                    
            </votes>
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         <titleInfo>
              <title>Holt Civic Club v. Tuscaloosa, 439 U.S. 60 (1978)</title>
              <partNumber>439 U.S. 60</partNumber>
              <partName>Case</partName>
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         <identifier type="uri">https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/USREPORTS-439/USREPORTS-439-60</identifier>
         <identifier type="preferred citation">439 U.S. 60 (1978)</identifier>
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         <subject>
              <topic>Statewide</topic>
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              <topic>Government</topic>
              <topic>Bona Fide Residency</topic>
              <topic>Extraterritorial</topic>
              <topic>Unincorporated Community</topic>
              <topic>Police Jurisdiction</topic>
              <topic>Municipal</topic>
              <topic>Civil Procedure</topic>
              <topic>Restrict the Right to Participate</topic>
              <topic>Corporations and Associations</topic>
              <topic>Unincorporated</topic>
              <topic>Civic Association</topic>
              <topic>Alabama</topic>
              <topic>Corporate Limits</topic>
              <topic>Voting</topic>
              <topic>Civil Rights</topic>
        </subject>
         <extension>
              <searchTitle>United States reports : cases adjudged in the Supreme Court at October term, 1978, (beginning of term) October 2, 1978, through February 1, 1979, together with in-vacation dismissals and opinions of individual justices in chambers;Holt Civic Club v. Tuscaloosa, 439 U.S. 60 (1978);439 U.S. 60</searchTitle>
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              <decisionDate>1978-11-28</decisionDate>
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                   <topic>Statewide</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Ordinance</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Government</topic>
                                        
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                   <topic>Police Jurisdiction</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Municipal</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Civil Procedure</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Restrict the Right to Participate</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Corporations and Associations</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Unincorporated</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Civic Association</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Alabama</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Corporate Limits</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <subject authority="scdb" uri="http://scdb.wustl.edu/documentation.php?var=issue">
                                        
                   <topic>Voting</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Civil Rights</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <docketId>1978-008-01</docketId>
              <petitioner>Nonresident</petitioner>
              <respondent state="Alabama">City, town, township, village, or borough government or governmental unit</respondent>
              <jurisdiction>Appeal</jurisdiction>
              <caseOrigin>Alabama Northern U.S. District Court</caseOrigin>
              <caseSource>Alabama Northern U.S. District Court</caseSource>
              <certReason>Case did not arise on cert or cert not granted</certReason>
              <chiefJustice>Warren Earl Burger</chiefJustice>
              <dateArgument>1978-10-11</dateArgument>
              <authorityDecision>Judicial review (state level)</authorityDecision>
              <law>
                                        
                   <type>Constitutional Amendment</type>
                                        
                   <legalProvisions>Fourteenth Amendment (equal protection)</legalProvisions>
                                    
            </law>
              <decisionType>Opinion of the court (orally argued)</decisionType>
              <unconstitutionality>No declaration of unconstitutionality</unconstitutionality>
              <disposition>Affirmed (includes modified)</disposition>
              <partyWinning>No favorable disposition for petitioning party apparent</partyWinning>
              <majorityOpinion>
                                        
                   <writer>William H. Rehnquist</writer>
                                        
                   <assigner>Warren Earl Burger</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
              <votes>
                                        
                   <majority>6</majority>
                                        
                   <minority>3</minority>
                                    
            </votes>
        </extension>
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    <relatedItem type="constituent" ID="id-USREPORTS-439-89" xlink:href="https://www.govinfo.gov/metadata/granule/USREPORTS-439/USREPORTS-439-89/mods.xml">
         <titleInfo>
              <title>Union Pacific R. Co. v. Sheehan, 439 U.S. 89 (1978)</title>
              <partNumber>439 U.S. 89</partNumber>
              <partName>Case</partName>
        </titleInfo>
         <identifier type="uri">https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/USREPORTS-439/USREPORTS-439-89</identifier>
         <identifier type="preferred citation">439 U.S. 89 (1978)</identifier>
         <identifier type="United States Reports citation">439 U.S. 89</identifier>
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         <subject>
              <topic>Administrative Law</topic>
              <topic>Collective Bargaining</topic>
              <topic>Judiciary</topic>
              <topic>Attorney&apos;s Fees</topic>
              <topic>Labor and Employment Law</topic>
              <topic>Time Limit</topic>
              <topic>District Courts</topic>
              <topic>Judicial Review of Administrative Agency&apos;s or Administrative Official&apos;s Actions and Procedures</topic>
              <topic>Judicial Power</topic>
        </subject>
         <extension>
              <searchTitle>United States reports : cases adjudged in the Supreme Court at October term, 1978, (beginning of term) October 2, 1978, through February 1, 1979, together with in-vacation dismissals and opinions of individual justices in chambers;Union Pacific R. Co. v. Sheehan, 439 U.S. 89 (1978);439 U.S. 89</searchTitle>
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              <accessId>USREPORTS-439-89</accessId>
              <reportNumber>89</reportNumber>
              <sequenceNumber>14</sequenceNumber>
              <pagePosition>1</pagePosition>
              <decisionDate>1978-12-04</decisionDate>
              <courtTerm>1978</courtTerm>
              <usCitation>439 U.S. 89</usCitation>
              <fullCitation>439 U.S. 89 (1978)</fullCitation>
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                   <topic>Administrative Law</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Collective Bargaining</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Judiciary</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Attorney&apos;s Fees</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Labor and Employment Law</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Time Limit</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>District Courts</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <subject authority="scdb" uri="http://scdb.wustl.edu/documentation.php?var=issue">
                                        
                   <topic>Judicial Review of Administrative Agency&apos;s or Administrative Official&apos;s Actions and Procedures</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Judicial Power</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <docketId>1978-009-01</docketId>
              <petitioner>Railroad</petitioner>
              <respondent>Employee, or job applicant, including beneficiaries of</respondent>
              <jurisdiction>Cert</jurisdiction>
              <adminAction>National Railroad Adjustment Board</adminAction>
              <caseOrigin>Utah U.S. District Court</caseOrigin>
              <caseSource>U.S. Court of Appeals, Tenth Circuit</caseSource>
              <certReason>No reason given</certReason>
              <chiefJustice>Warren Earl Burger</chiefJustice>
              <authorityDecision>Statutory construction</authorityDecision>
              <authorityDecision>Interpretation of administrative regulation or rule, or executive order</authorityDecision>
              <law>
                                        
                   <type>Federal Statute</type>
                                        
                   <legalProvisions>Railway Labor</legalProvisions>
                                    
            </law>
              <decisionType>Per curiam (no oral argument)</decisionType>
              <unconstitutionality>No declaration of unconstitutionality</unconstitutionality>
              <disposition>Reversed</disposition>
              <partyWinning>Petitioning party received a favorable disposition</partyWinning>
              <majorityOpinion>
                                        
                   <assigner>Warren Earl Burger</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
              <votes>
                                        
                   <majority>9</majority>
                                        
                   <minority>0</minority>
                                    
            </votes>
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         <titleInfo>
              <title>New Motor Vehicle Bd. of Cal. v. Orrin W. Fox Co., 439 U.S. 96 (1978)</title>
              <partNumber>439 U.S. 96</partNumber>
              <partName>Case</partName>
        </titleInfo>
         <identifier type="uri">https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/USREPORTS-439/USREPORTS-439-96</identifier>
         <identifier type="preferred citation">439 U.S. 96 (1978)</identifier>
         <identifier type="United States Reports citation">439 U.S. 96</identifier>
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              <identifier type="FDsys Unique ID">D09002ee1d4d58982</identifier>
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         <subject>
              <topic>Automobile Dealer</topic>
              <topic>Competition and Antitrust</topic>
              <topic>Merits</topic>
              <topic>Good Cause</topic>
              <topic>Franchises</topic>
              <topic>Transportation and Public Works</topic>
              <topic>Manufacturer</topic>
              <topic>Commerce</topic>
              <topic>Motor Vehicles</topic>
              <topic>Antitrust Law</topic>
              <topic>Due Process: Hearing or Notice (Other than as Pertains to Government Employees or Prisoners&apos; Rights)</topic>
              <topic>Due Process</topic>
        </subject>
         <extension>
              <searchTitle>United States reports : cases adjudged in the Supreme Court at October term, 1978, (beginning of term) October 2, 1978, through February 1, 1979, together with in-vacation dismissals and opinions of individual justices in chambers;New Motor Vehicle Bd. of Cal. v. Orrin W. Fox Co., 439 U.S. 96 (1978);439 U.S. 96</searchTitle>
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              <reportNumber>96</reportNumber>
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              <decisionDate>1978-12-05</decisionDate>
              <courtTerm>1978</courtTerm>
              <usCitation>439 U.S. 96</usCitation>
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              <subject authority="llc" uri="https://www.loc.gov/research-centers/law-library-of-congress/about-this-research-center">
                                        
                   <topic>Automobile Dealer</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Competition and Antitrust</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Merits</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Good Cause</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Franchises</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Transportation and Public Works</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Manufacturer</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Commerce</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Motor Vehicles</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Antitrust Law</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <subject authority="scdb" uri="http://scdb.wustl.edu/documentation.php?var=issue">
                                        
                   <topic>Due Process: Hearing or Notice (Other than as Pertains to Government Employees or Prisoners&apos; Rights)</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Due Process</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <docketId>1978-010-01</docketId>
              <petitioner state="California">State commission, board, committee, or authority</petitioner>
              <respondent>Car dealer</respondent>
              <jurisdiction>Appeal</jurisdiction>
              <adminAction state="California">State Agency</adminAction>
              <caseOrigin>California Central U.S. District Court</caseOrigin>
              <caseSource>California Central U.S. District Court</caseSource>
              <certReason>Case did not arise on cert or cert not granted</certReason>
              <chiefJustice>Warren Earl Burger</chiefJustice>
              <dateArgument>1978-10-03</dateArgument>
              <authorityDecision>Judicial review (state level)</authorityDecision>
              <law>
                                        
                   <type>Constitutional Amendment</type>
                                        
                   <legalProvisions>Fourteenth Amendment (due process)</legalProvisions>
                                    
            </law>
              <decisionType>Opinion of the court (orally argued)</decisionType>
              <unconstitutionality>No declaration of unconstitutionality</unconstitutionality>
              <disposition>Reversed</disposition>
              <partyWinning>Petitioning party received a favorable disposition</partyWinning>
              <majorityOpinion>
                                        
                   <writer>William J. Brennan, Jr.</writer>
                                        
                   <assigner>Warren Earl Burger</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
              <votes>
                                        
                   <majority>8</majority>
                                        
                   <minority>1</minority>
                                    
            </votes>
        </extension>
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         <titleInfo>
              <title>Rakas v. Illinois, 439 U.S. 128 (1978)</title>
              <partNumber>439 U.S. 128</partNumber>
              <partName>Case</partName>
        </titleInfo>
         <identifier type="uri">https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/USREPORTS-439/USREPORTS-439-128</identifier>
         <identifier type="preferred citation">439 U.S. 128 (1978)</identifier>
         <identifier type="United States Reports citation">439 U.S. 128</identifier>
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              <identifier type="FDsys Unique ID">D09002ee1d4d58998</identifier>
        </relatedItem>
         <subject>
              <topic>Evidence</topic>
              <topic>Human Rights and Civil Liberties</topic>
              <topic>Possessory Interest</topic>
              <topic>Ownership</topic>
              <topic>Search and Seizure</topic>
              <topic>Crime and Law Enforcement</topic>
              <topic>Fourth Amendment</topic>
              <topic>Constitutional Law</topic>
              <topic>Robbery</topic>
              <topic>Search and Seizure, Vehicles</topic>
              <topic>Criminal Procedure</topic>
        </subject>
         <extension>
              <searchTitle>United States reports : cases adjudged in the Supreme Court at October term, 1978, (beginning of term) October 2, 1978, through February 1, 1979, together with in-vacation dismissals and opinions of individual justices in chambers;Rakas v. Illinois, 439 U.S. 128 (1978);439 U.S. 128</searchTitle>
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              <accessId>USREPORTS-439-128</accessId>
              <reportNumber>128</reportNumber>
              <sequenceNumber>16</sequenceNumber>
              <pagePosition>1</pagePosition>
              <decisionDate>1978-12-05</decisionDate>
              <courtTerm>1978</courtTerm>
              <usCitation>439 U.S. 128</usCitation>
              <fullCitation>439 U.S. 128 (1978)</fullCitation>
              <subject authority="llc" uri="https://www.loc.gov/research-centers/law-library-of-congress/about-this-research-center">
                                        
                   <topic>Evidence</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Human Rights and Civil Liberties</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Possessory Interest</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Ownership</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Search and Seizure</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Crime and Law Enforcement</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Fourth Amendment</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Constitutional Law</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Robbery</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <subject authority="scdb" uri="http://scdb.wustl.edu/documentation.php?var=issue">
                                        
                   <topic>Search and Seizure, Vehicles</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Criminal Procedure</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <docketId>1978-011-01</docketId>
              <petitioner>Person accused, indicted, or suspected of crime</petitioner>
              <respondent state="Illinois">State</respondent>
              <jurisdiction>Cert</jurisdiction>
              <caseOrigin state="Illinois">State Trial Court</caseOrigin>
              <caseSource state="Illinois">State Appellate Court</caseSource>
              <certReason>To resolve important or significant question</certReason>
              <chiefJustice>Warren Earl Burger</chiefJustice>
              <dateArgument>1978-10-03</dateArgument>
              <authorityDecision>Judicial review (state level)</authorityDecision>
              <law>
                                        
                   <type>Constitutional Amendment</type>
                                        
                   <legalProvisions>Fourth Amendment</legalProvisions>
                                    
            </law>
              <decisionType>Opinion of the court (orally argued)</decisionType>
              <unconstitutionality>No declaration of unconstitutionality</unconstitutionality>
              <disposition>Affirmed (includes modified)</disposition>
              <partyWinning>No favorable disposition for petitioning party apparent</partyWinning>
              <majorityOpinion>
                                        
                   <writer>William H. Rehnquist</writer>
                                        
                   <assigner>Warren Earl Burger</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
              <votes>
                                        
                   <majority>5</majority>
                                        
                   <minority>4</minority>
                                    
            </votes>
        </extension>
         <location>
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    </relatedItem>
    <relatedItem type="constituent" ID="id-USREPORTS-439-170" xlink:href="https://www.govinfo.gov/metadata/granule/USREPORTS-439/USREPORTS-439-170/mods.xml">
         <titleInfo>
              <title>Califano v. Aznavorian, 439 U.S. 170 (1978)</title>
              <partNumber>439 U.S. 170</partNumber>
              <partName>Case</partName>
        </titleInfo>
         <identifier type="uri">https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/USREPORTS-439/USREPORTS-439-170</identifier>
         <identifier type="preferred citation">439 U.S. 170 (1978)</identifier>
         <identifier type="United States Reports citation">439 U.S. 170</identifier>
         <relatedItem type="otherFormat" xlink:href="https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/USREPORTS-439/pdf/USREPORTS-439-170.pdf">
              <identifier type="FDsys Unique ID">D09002ee1d4d589a1</identifier>
        </relatedItem>
         <subject>
              <topic>Social Welfare</topic>
              <topic>Consecutive Days</topic>
              <topic>Travel</topic>
              <topic>Out of Country</topic>
              <topic>Visas and Passports</topic>
              <topic>Welfare Legislation</topic>
              <topic>Interstate Travel</topic>
              <topic>Social Security</topic>
              <topic>Constitutional Law</topic>
              <topic>Residents</topic>
              <topic>Poverty Law, Constitutional</topic>
              <topic>Civil Rights</topic>
        </subject>
         <extension>
              <searchTitle>United States reports : cases adjudged in the Supreme Court at October term, 1978, (beginning of term) October 2, 1978, through February 1, 1979, together with in-vacation dismissals and opinions of individual justices in chambers;Califano v. Aznavorian, 439 U.S. 170 (1978);439 U.S. 170</searchTitle>
              <granuleClass>CASE</granuleClass>
              <accessId>USREPORTS-439-170</accessId>
              <reportNumber>170</reportNumber>
              <sequenceNumber>17</sequenceNumber>
              <pagePosition>1</pagePosition>
              <decisionDate>1978-12-11</decisionDate>
              <courtTerm>1978</courtTerm>
              <usCitation>439 U.S. 170</usCitation>
              <fullCitation>439 U.S. 170 (1978)</fullCitation>
              <subject authority="llc" uri="https://www.loc.gov/research-centers/law-library-of-congress/about-this-research-center">
                                        
                   <topic>Social Welfare</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Consecutive Days</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Travel</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Out of Country</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Visas and Passports</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Welfare Legislation</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Interstate Travel</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Social Security</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Constitutional Law</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Residents</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <subject authority="scdb" uri="http://scdb.wustl.edu/documentation.php?var=issue">
                                        
                   <topic>Poverty Law, Constitutional</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Civil Rights</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <docketId>1978-012-01</docketId>
              <petitioner>Department or Secretary of Health, Education and Welfare</petitioner>
              <respondent>Person traveling or wishing to travel abroad, or overseas travel agent</respondent>
              <jurisdiction>Appeal</jurisdiction>
              <adminAction>Department or Secretary of Health, Education and Welfare</adminAction>
              <caseOrigin>California Southern U.S. District Court</caseOrigin>
              <caseSource>California Southern U.S. District Court</caseSource>
              <certReason>Case did not arise on cert or cert not granted</certReason>
              <chiefJustice>Warren Earl Burger</chiefJustice>
              <dateArgument>1978-11-06</dateArgument>
              <authorityDecision>Judicial review (national level)</authorityDecision>
              <law>
                                        
                   <type>Constitutional Amendment</type>
                                        
                   <legalProvisions>Fifth Amendment (due process)</legalProvisions>
                                    
            </law>
              <decisionType>Opinion of the court (orally argued)</decisionType>
              <unconstitutionality>No declaration of unconstitutionality</unconstitutionality>
              <disposition>Reversed</disposition>
              <partyWinning>Petitioning party received a favorable disposition</partyWinning>
              <majorityOpinion>
                                        
                   <writer>Potter Stewart</writer>
                                        
                   <assigner>Warren Earl Burger</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
              <votes>
                                        
                   <majority>9</majority>
                                        
                   <minority>0</minority>
                                    
            </votes>
        </extension>
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              <url displayLabel="Content Detail" access="object in context">https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/USREPORTS-439/USREPORTS-439-170</url>
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    <relatedItem type="constituent" ID="id-USREPORTS-439-180" xlink:href="https://www.govinfo.gov/metadata/granule/USREPORTS-439/USREPORTS-439-180/mods.xml">
         <titleInfo>
              <title>United California Bank v. United States, 439 U.S. 180 (1978)</title>
              <partNumber>439 U.S. 180</partNumber>
              <partName>Case</partName>
        </titleInfo>
         <identifier type="uri">https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/USREPORTS-439/USREPORTS-439-180</identifier>
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              <topic>Gross Income</topic>
              <topic>Estate</topic>
              <topic>Decedents Estate</topic>
              <topic>Tax Law</topic>
              <topic>Beneficiary</topic>
              <topic>Taxation</topic>
              <topic>Deductions</topic>
              <topic>Alternative Income Tac</topic>
              <topic>Charitable</topic>
              <topic>Distributable Net Income</topic>
              <topic>Capital Gains</topic>
              <topic>Federal Taxation of Gifts, Personal, Business, or Professional Expenses</topic>
              <topic>Federal Taxation</topic>
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                   <topic>Gross Income</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Estate</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Decedents Estate</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Tax Law</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Beneficiary</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Taxation</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Deductions</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Alternative Income Tac</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Charitable</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Distributable Net Income</topic>
                                        
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            </subject>
              <subject authority="scdb" uri="http://scdb.wustl.edu/documentation.php?var=issue">
                                        
                   <topic>Federal Taxation of Gifts, Personal, Business, or Professional Expenses</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Federal Taxation</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <docketId>1978-013-01</docketId>
              <petitioner>Heir, or beneficiary, or person so claiming to be</petitioner>
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              <jurisdiction>Cert</jurisdiction>
              <adminAction>Internal Revenue Service, Collector, Commissioner, or District Director of</adminAction>
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              <caseSource>U.S. Court of Appeals, Ninth Circuit</caseSource>
              <certReason>No reason given</certReason>
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                   <type>Federal Statute</type>
                                        
                   <legalProvisions>Internal Revenue Code and pre-IRC revenue acts</legalProvisions>
                                    
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                   <writer>Byron Raymond White</writer>
                                        
                   <assigner>Warren Earl Burger</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
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                   <majority>6</majority>
                                        
                   <minority>3</minority>
                                    
            </votes>
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         <titleInfo>
              <title>Corbitt v. New Jersey, 439 U.S. 212 (1978)</title>
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              <partName>Case</partName>
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         <identifier type="uri">https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/USREPORTS-439/USREPORTS-439-212</identifier>
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              <topic>Mandatory Punishment</topic>
              <topic>Homicide</topic>
              <topic>Second Degree</topic>
              <topic>Life Imprisonment</topic>
              <topic>Human Rights and Civil Liberties</topic>
              <topic>Plea Bargain</topic>
              <topic>Equal Protection</topic>
              <topic>Guilty Plea</topic>
              <topic>Sentencing</topic>
              <topic>Jury Trial</topic>
              <topic>Crime and Law Enforcement</topic>
              <topic>Arson</topic>
              <topic>Criminal Law and Procedure</topic>
              <topic>Plea Bargaining: The Constitutionality of and/Or the Circumstances of Its Exercise</topic>
              <topic>Criminal Procedure</topic>
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                   <topic>Constitutional Rights</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Mandatory Punishment</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Homicide</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Second Degree</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Life Imprisonment</topic>
                                        
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                   <topic>Crime and Law Enforcement</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Arson</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Criminal Law and Procedure</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <subject authority="scdb" uri="http://scdb.wustl.edu/documentation.php?var=issue">
                                        
                   <topic>Plea Bargaining: The Constitutionality of and/Or the Circumstances of Its Exercise</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Criminal Procedure</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <docketId>1978-014-01</docketId>
              <petitioner>Person convicted of crime</petitioner>
              <respondent state="New Jersey">State</respondent>
              <jurisdiction>Appeal</jurisdiction>
              <caseOrigin state="New Jersey">State Trial Court</caseOrigin>
              <caseSource state="New Jersey">State Supreme Court</caseSource>
              <certReason>Case did not arise on cert or cert not granted</certReason>
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              <dateArgument>1978-10-03</dateArgument>
              <authorityDecision>Judicial review (state level)</authorityDecision>
              <law>
                                        
                   <type>Constitutional Amendment</type>
                                        
                   <legalProvisions>Sixth Amendment (right to trial by jury)</legalProvisions>
                                    
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              <disposition>Affirmed (includes modified)</disposition>
              <partyWinning>No favorable disposition for petitioning party apparent</partyWinning>
              <majorityOpinion>
                                        
                   <writer>Byron Raymond White</writer>
                                        
                   <assigner>Warren Earl Burger</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
              <votes>
                                        
                   <majority>6</majority>
                                        
                   <minority>3</minority>
                                    
            </votes>
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         <titleInfo>
              <title>Board of Governors v. First Lincolnwood Corp., 439 U.S. 234 (1978)</title>
              <partNumber>439 U.S. 234</partNumber>
              <partName>Case</partName>
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         <identifier type="uri">https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/USREPORTS-439/USREPORTS-439-234</identifier>
         <identifier type="preferred citation">439 U.S. 234 (1978)</identifier>
         <identifier type="United States Reports citation">439 U.S. 234</identifier>
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         <subject>
              <topic>Finance and Financial Sector</topic>
              <topic>Unsoundness</topic>
              <topic>Amendments</topic>
              <topic>Ratio</topic>
              <topic>Shares</topic>
              <topic>Banks and Financial Institutions</topic>
              <topic>Subsidiaries</topic>
              <topic>Holding Company</topic>
              <topic>Agencies</topic>
              <topic>Antitrust Law</topic>
              <topic>Mergers</topic>
              <topic>Economic Activity</topic>
        </subject>
         <extension>
              <searchTitle>United States reports : cases adjudged in the Supreme Court at October term, 1978, (beginning of term) October 2, 1978, through February 1, 1979, together with in-vacation dismissals and opinions of individual justices in chambers;Board of Governors v. First Lincolnwood Corp., 439 U.S. 234 (1978);439 U.S. 234</searchTitle>
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              <courtTerm>1978</courtTerm>
              <usCitation>439 U.S. 234</usCitation>
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              <subject authority="llc" uri="https://www.loc.gov/research-centers/law-library-of-congress/about-this-research-center">
                                        
                   <topic>Finance and Financial Sector</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Unsoundness</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Amendments</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Ratio</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Shares</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Banks and Financial Institutions</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Subsidiaries</topic>
                                        
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                   <topic>Agencies</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Antitrust Law</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <subject authority="scdb" uri="http://scdb.wustl.edu/documentation.php?var=issue">
                                        
                   <topic>Mergers</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Economic Activity</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <docketId>1978-015-01</docketId>
              <petitioner>Federal Reserve Board of Governors</petitioner>
              <respondent>Bank, savings and loan, credit union, investment company</respondent>
              <jurisdiction>Cert</jurisdiction>
              <adminAction>Federal Reserve Board of Governors</adminAction>
              <caseOrigin>U.S. Court of Appeals, Seventh Circuit</caseOrigin>
              <caseSource>U.S. Court of Appeals, Seventh Circuit</caseSource>
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              <authorityDecision>Interpretation of administrative regulation or rule, or executive order</authorityDecision>
              <law>
                                        
                   <type>Infrequently litigated statutes</type>
                                        
                   <legalProvisions>Infrequently litigated statutes</legalProvisions>
                                    
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              <unconstitutionality>No declaration of unconstitutionality</unconstitutionality>
              <disposition>Reversed</disposition>
              <partyWinning>Petitioning party received a favorable disposition</partyWinning>
              <majorityOpinion>
                                        
                   <writer>Thurgood Marshall</writer>
                                        
                   <assigner>Warren Earl Burger</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
              <votes>
                                        
                   <majority>7</majority>
                                        
                   <minority>2</minority>
                                    
            </votes>
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    <relatedItem type="constituent" ID="id-USREPORTS-439-259" xlink:href="https://www.govinfo.gov/metadata/granule/USREPORTS-439/USREPORTS-439-259/mods.xml">
         <titleInfo>
              <title>Lalli v. Lalli, 439 U.S. 259 (1978)</title>
              <partNumber>439 U.S. 259</partNumber>
              <partName>Case</partName>
        </titleInfo>
         <identifier type="uri">https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/USREPORTS-439/USREPORTS-439-259</identifier>
         <identifier type="preferred citation">439 U.S. 259 (1978)</identifier>
         <identifier type="United States Reports citation">439 U.S. 259</identifier>
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         <subject>
              <topic>Estate Administration</topic>
              <topic>Decree</topic>
              <topic>Discrimination</topic>
              <topic>Heirs</topic>
              <topic>Wills, Trusts, and Estates Law</topic>
              <topic>New York</topic>
              <topic>Illegitimate Children</topic>
              <topic>Families</topic>
              <topic>Inheritance and Succession</topic>
              <topic>Marriage and Family Status</topic>
              <topic>Legitimation</topic>
              <topic>Death and Dying</topic>
              <topic>Paternity</topic>
              <topic>Constitutional Law</topic>
              <topic>Illegitimates, Rights of (Cf. Juveniles): Typically Inheritance and Survivor&apos;s Benefits, and Paternity Suits</topic>
              <topic>Civil Rights</topic>
        </subject>
         <extension>
              <searchTitle>United States reports : cases adjudged in the Supreme Court at October term, 1978, (beginning of term) October 2, 1978, through February 1, 1979, together with in-vacation dismissals and opinions of individual justices in chambers;Lalli v. Lalli, 439 U.S. 259 (1978);439 U.S. 259</searchTitle>
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              <accessId>USREPORTS-439-259</accessId>
              <reportNumber>259</reportNumber>
              <sequenceNumber>21</sequenceNumber>
              <pagePosition>1</pagePosition>
              <decisionDate>1978-12-11</decisionDate>
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              <subject authority="llc" uri="https://www.loc.gov/research-centers/law-library-of-congress/about-this-research-center">
                                        
                   <topic>Estate Administration</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Decree</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Discrimination</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Heirs</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Wills, Trusts, and Estates Law</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>New York</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Illegitimate Children</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Families</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Inheritance and Succession</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Marriage and Family Status</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Legitimation</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Death and Dying</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Paternity</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Constitutional Law</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <subject authority="scdb" uri="http://scdb.wustl.edu/documentation.php?var=issue">
                                        
                   <topic>Illegitimates, Rights of (Cf. Juveniles): Typically Inheritance and Survivor&apos;s Benefits, and Paternity Suits</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Civil Rights</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <docketId>1978-016-01</docketId>
              <petitioner>Heir, or beneficiary, or person so claiming to be</petitioner>
              <respondent>Parent or parents</respondent>
              <jurisdiction>Appeal</jurisdiction>
              <caseOrigin state="New York">State Trial Court</caseOrigin>
              <caseSource state="New York">State Supreme Court</caseSource>
              <certReason>Case did not arise on cert or cert not granted</certReason>
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              <authorityDecision>Judicial review (state level)</authorityDecision>
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                   <type>Constitutional Amendment</type>
                                        
                   <legalProvisions>Fourteenth Amendment (equal protection)</legalProvisions>
                                    
            </law>
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              <unconstitutionality>No declaration of unconstitutionality</unconstitutionality>
              <disposition>Affirmed (includes modified)</disposition>
              <partyWinning>No favorable disposition for petitioning party apparent</partyWinning>
              <majorityOpinion>
                                        
                   <writer>Lewis F. Powell, Jr.</writer>
                                        
                   <assigner>Warren Earl Burger</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
              <votes>
                                        
                   <majority>5</majority>
                                        
                   <minority>4</minority>
                                    
            </votes>
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         <titleInfo>
              <title>Massachusetts v. White, 439 U.S. 280 (1978)</title>
              <partNumber>439 U.S. 280</partNumber>
              <partName>Case</partName>
        </titleInfo>
         <identifier type="uri">https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/USREPORTS-439/USREPORTS-439-280</identifier>
         <identifier type="preferred citation">439 U.S. 280 (1978)</identifier>
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              <identifier type="FDsys Unique ID">D09002ee1d4d5899b</identifier>
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         <subject>
              <topic>Search and Seizure, Vehicles</topic>
              <topic>Criminal Procedure</topic>
        </subject>
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              <subject authority="scdb" uri="http://scdb.wustl.edu/documentation.php?var=issue">
                                        
                   <topic>Search and Seizure, Vehicles</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Criminal Procedure</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <docketId>1978-017-01</docketId>
              <petitioner state="Massachusetts">State</petitioner>
              <respondent>Person accused, indicted, or suspected of crime</respondent>
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              <caseOrigin state="Massachusetts">State Trial Court</caseOrigin>
              <caseSource state="Massachusetts">State Supreme Court</caseSource>
              <certReason>No reason given</certReason>
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              <dateArgument>1978-11-28</dateArgument>
              <authorityDecision>Supreme Court supervision of lower federal or state courts or original jurisdiction</authorityDecision>
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              <partyWinning>No favorable disposition for petitioning party apparent</partyWinning>
              <majorityOpinion></majorityOpinion>
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                   <majority>4</majority>
                                        
                   <minority>4</minority>
                                    
            </votes>
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         <titleInfo>
              <title>Hunter v. Dean, 439 U.S. 281 (1978)</title>
              <partNumber>439 U.S. 281</partNumber>
              <partName>Case</partName>
        </titleInfo>
         <identifier type="uri">https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/USREPORTS-439/USREPORTS-439-281</identifier>
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              <subject authority="scdb" uri="http://scdb.wustl.edu/documentation.php?var=issue">
                                        
                   <topic>No Merits: Writ Improvidently Granted</topic>
                                        
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              <docketId>1978-018-01</docketId>
              <petitioner>Person accused, indicted, or suspected of crime</petitioner>
              <respondent state="Georgia">State</respondent>
              <jurisdiction>Cert</jurisdiction>
              <caseOrigin state="Georgia">State Trial Court</caseOrigin>
              <caseSource state="Georgia">State Supreme Court</caseSource>
              <certReason>No reason given</certReason>
              <chiefJustice>Warren Earl Burger</chiefJustice>
              <dateArgument>1978-10-11</dateArgument>
              <authorityDecision>Supreme Court supervision of lower federal or state courts or original jurisdiction</authorityDecision>
              <law>
                                        
                   <type>Other</type>
                                        
                   <legalProvisions>Writ Improvidently Granted</legalProvisions>
                                    
            </law>
              <decisionType>Per curiam (orally argued)</decisionType>
              <unconstitutionality>No declaration of unconstitutionality</unconstitutionality>
              <disposition>Petition denied or appeal dismissed</disposition>
              <partyWinning>No favorable disposition for petitioning party apparent</partyWinning>
              <majorityOpinion>
                                        
                   <assigner>Warren Earl Burger</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
              <votes>
                                        
                   <majority>9</majority>
                                        
                   <minority>0</minority>
                                    
            </votes>
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         <titleInfo>
              <title>Michigan v. Doran, 439 U.S. 282 (1978)</title>
              <partNumber>439 U.S. 282</partNumber>
              <partName>Case</partName>
        </titleInfo>
         <identifier type="uri">https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/USREPORTS-439/USREPORTS-439-282</identifier>
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         <subject>
              <topic>Asylum</topic>
              <topic>Theft and Burglaries</topic>
              <topic>Extradition</topic>
              <topic>Fugitive</topic>
              <topic>Justice of the Peace</topic>
              <topic>Crime and Law Enforcement</topic>
              <topic>Reasonable Cause</topic>
              <topic>Stolen Property</topic>
              <topic>Constitutional Law</topic>
              <topic>Judicial Determination</topic>
              <topic>Criminal Law and Procedure</topic>
              <topic>Arrest Warrant</topic>
              <topic>Search and Seizure (Other than as Pertains to Vehicles or Crime Control Act)</topic>
              <topic>Criminal Procedure</topic>
        </subject>
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              <searchTitle>United States reports : cases adjudged in the Supreme Court at October term, 1978, (beginning of term) October 2, 1978, through February 1, 1979, together with in-vacation dismissals and opinions of individual justices in chambers;Michigan v. Doran, 439 U.S. 282 (1978);439 U.S. 282</searchTitle>
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                   <topic>Asylum</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Theft and Burglaries</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Extradition</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Fugitive</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Justice of the Peace</topic>
                                        
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            </subject>
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                   <topic>Search and Seizure (Other than as Pertains to Vehicles or Crime Control Act)</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Criminal Procedure</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <docketId>1978-019-01</docketId>
              <petitioner state="Michigan">State</petitioner>
              <respondent>Person convicted of crime</respondent>
              <jurisdiction>Cert</jurisdiction>
              <caseOrigin state="Michigan">State Trial Court</caseOrigin>
              <caseSource state="Michigan">State Supreme Court</caseSource>
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              <authorityDecision>Judicial review (state level)</authorityDecision>
              <law>
                                        
                   <type>Constitution</type>
                                        
                   <legalProvisions>Article IV, Section 2, Paragraph 2 (extradition clause)</legalProvisions>
                                    
            </law>
              <decisionType>Opinion of the court (orally argued)</decisionType>
              <unconstitutionality>No declaration of unconstitutionality</unconstitutionality>
              <disposition>Reversed and remanded</disposition>
              <partyWinning>Petitioning party received a favorable disposition</partyWinning>
              <majorityOpinion>
                                        
                   <writer>Warren Earl Burger</writer>
                                        
                   <assigner>Warren Earl Burger</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
              <votes>
                                        
                   <majority>9</majority>
                                        
                   <minority>0</minority>
                                    
            </votes>
        </extension>
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         <titleInfo>
              <title>Marquette Nat. Bank v. First of Omaha Corp., 439 U.S. 299 (1978)</title>
              <partNumber>439 U.S. 299</partNumber>
              <partName>Case</partName>
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         <identifier type="uri">https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/USREPORTS-439/USREPORTS-439-299</identifier>
         <identifier type="preferred citation">439 U.S. 299 (1978)</identifier>
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         <subject>
              <topic>Finance and Financial Sector</topic>
              <topic>Billing</topic>
              <topic>National Bank</topic>
              <topic>Banks and Financial Institutions</topic>
              <topic>Territory</topic>
              <topic>Interstate</topic>
              <topic>Interest Rate</topic>
              <topic>Judiciary</topic>
              <topic>Business and Corporate Law</topic>
              <topic>Usury</topic>
              <topic>State Law</topic>
              <topic>District Courts</topic>
              <topic>Credit Card</topic>
              <topic>Residents</topic>
              <topic>State or Local Government Regulation, Especially of Business (Cf. Federal Pre-Emption of State Court Jurisdiction, Federal Pre-Emption of State Legislation or Regulation)</topic>
              <topic>Economic Activity</topic>
        </subject>
         <extension>
              <searchTitle>United States reports : cases adjudged in the Supreme Court at October term, 1978, (beginning of term) October 2, 1978, through February 1, 1979, together with in-vacation dismissals and opinions of individual justices in chambers;Marquette Nat. Bank v. First of Omaha Corp., 439 U.S. 299 (1978);439 U.S. 299</searchTitle>
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              <accessId>USREPORTS-439-299</accessId>
              <reportNumber>299</reportNumber>
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              <pagePosition>1</pagePosition>
              <decisionDate>1978-12-18</decisionDate>
              <courtTerm>1978</courtTerm>
              <usCitation>439 U.S. 299</usCitation>
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                   <topic>Finance and Financial Sector</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Billing</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>National Bank</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Banks and Financial Institutions</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Territory</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Interstate</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Interest Rate</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Judiciary</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Business and Corporate Law</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Usury</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>State Law</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>District Courts</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Credit Card</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Residents</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <subject authority="scdb" uri="http://scdb.wustl.edu/documentation.php?var=issue">
                                        
                   <topic>State or Local Government Regulation, Especially of Business (Cf. Federal Pre-Emption of State Court Jurisdiction, Federal Pre-Emption of State Legislation or Regulation)</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Economic Activity</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <docketId>1978-020-01</docketId>
              <petitioner>Bank, savings and loan, credit union, investment company</petitioner>
              <respondent>Bank, savings and loan, credit union, investment company</respondent>
              <jurisdiction>Cert</jurisdiction>
              <caseOrigin state="Minnesota">State Trial Court</caseOrigin>
              <caseSource state="Minnesota">State Supreme Court</caseSource>
              <certReason>To resolve question presented</certReason>
              <chiefJustice>Warren Earl Burger</chiefJustice>
              <dateArgument>1978-10-31</dateArgument>
              <authorityDecision>Statutory construction</authorityDecision>
              <law>
                                        
                   <type>Infrequently litigated statutes</type>
                                        
                   <legalProvisions>Infrequently litigated statutes</legalProvisions>
                                    
            </law>
              <decisionType>Opinion of the court (orally argued)</decisionType>
              <unconstitutionality>No declaration of unconstitutionality</unconstitutionality>
              <disposition>Affirmed (includes modified)</disposition>
              <partyWinning>No favorable disposition for petitioning party apparent</partyWinning>
              <majorityOpinion>
                                        
                   <writer>William J. Brennan, Jr.</writer>
                                        
                   <assigner>Warren Earl Burger</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
              <votes>
                                        
                   <majority>9</majority>
                                        
                   <minority>0</minority>
                                    
            </votes>
        </extension>
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         <titleInfo>
              <title>Mobay Chemical Corp. v. Costle, 439 U.S. 320 (1979)</title>
              <partNumber>439 U.S. 320</partNumber>
              <partName>Case</partName>
        </titleInfo>
         <identifier type="uri">https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/USREPORTS-439/USREPORTS-439-320</identifier>
         <identifier type="preferred citation">439 U.S. 320 (1979)</identifier>
         <identifier type="United States Reports citation">439 U.S. 320</identifier>
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              <identifier type="FDsys Unique ID">D09002ee1d4d5897f</identifier>
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         <subject>
              <topic>Pesticide</topic>
              <topic>Civil Procedure</topic>
              <topic>Convened</topic>
              <topic>Three-Judge</topic>
              <topic>Judicial Administration: Supreme Court Jurisdiction or Authority on Appeal or Writ of Error, from Federal District Courts or Courts of Appeals (Cf. 753)</topic>
              <topic>Judicial Power</topic>
        </subject>
         <extension>
              <searchTitle>United States reports : cases adjudged in the Supreme Court at October term, 1978, (beginning of term) October 2, 1978, through February 1, 1979, together with in-vacation dismissals and opinions of individual justices in chambers;Mobay Chemical Corp. v. Costle, 439 U.S. 320 (1979);439 U.S. 320</searchTitle>
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              <accessId>USREPORTS-439-320</accessId>
              <reportNumber>320</reportNumber>
              <sequenceNumber>26</sequenceNumber>
              <pagePosition>1</pagePosition>
              <decisionDate>1979-01-08</decisionDate>
              <courtTerm>1978</courtTerm>
              <usCitation>439 U.S. 320</usCitation>
              <fullCitation>439 U.S. 320 (1979)</fullCitation>
              <subject authority="llc" uri="https://www.loc.gov/research-centers/law-library-of-congress/about-this-research-center">
                                        
                   <topic>Pesticide</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Civil Procedure</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Convened</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Three-Judge</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <subject authority="scdb" uri="http://scdb.wustl.edu/documentation.php?var=issue">
                                        
                   <topic>Judicial Administration: Supreme Court Jurisdiction or Authority on Appeal or Writ of Error, from Federal District Courts or Courts of Appeals (Cf. 753)</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Judicial Power</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <docketId>1978-021-01</docketId>
              <petitioner>Chemical company</petitioner>
              <respondent>Environmental Protection Agency or Administrator</respondent>
              <jurisdiction>Appeal</jurisdiction>
              <adminAction>Environmental Protection Agency or Administrator</adminAction>
              <caseOrigin>Missouri Western U.S. District Court</caseOrigin>
              <caseSource>Missouri Western U.S. District Court</caseSource>
              <certReason>Case did not arise on cert or cert not granted</certReason>
              <chiefJustice>Warren Earl Burger</chiefJustice>
              <authorityDecision>Statutory construction</authorityDecision>
              <law>
                                        
                   <type>Federal Statute</type>
                                        
                   <legalProvisions>Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide</legalProvisions>
                                    
            </law>
              <decisionType>Per curiam (no oral argument)</decisionType>
              <unconstitutionality>No declaration of unconstitutionality</unconstitutionality>
              <disposition>Petition denied or appeal dismissed</disposition>
              <partyWinning>No favorable disposition for petitioning party apparent</partyWinning>
              <majorityOpinion>
                                        
                   <assigner>Warren Earl Burger</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
              <votes>
                                        
                   <majority>8</majority>
                                        
                   <minority>1</minority>
                                    
            </votes>
        </extension>
         <location>
              <url displayLabel="Content Detail" access="object in context">https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/USREPORTS-439/USREPORTS-439-320</url>
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         <titleInfo>
              <title>Parklane Hosiery Co. v. Shore, 439 U.S. 322 (1979)</title>
              <partNumber>439 U.S. 322</partNumber>
              <partName>Case</partName>
        </titleInfo>
         <identifier type="uri">https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/USREPORTS-439/USREPORTS-439-322</identifier>
         <identifier type="preferred citation">439 U.S. 322 (1979)</identifier>
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              <topic>Offensive Use</topic>
              <topic>Equitable Claim</topic>
              <topic>Civil Case</topic>
              <topic>Right to a Jury Trial</topic>
              <topic>Mutuality Doctrine</topic>
              <topic>Civil Procedure</topic>
              <topic>Collateral Estoppel</topic>
              <topic>Relitigating</topic>
              <topic>Materially False</topic>
              <topic>Securities</topic>
              <topic>Class Action</topic>
              <topic>Judicial Administration: Collateral Estoppel or Res Judicata</topic>
              <topic>Judicial Power</topic>
        </subject>
         <extension>
              <searchTitle>United States reports : cases adjudged in the Supreme Court at October term, 1978, (beginning of term) October 2, 1978, through February 1, 1979, together with in-vacation dismissals and opinions of individual justices in chambers;Parklane Hosiery Co. v. Shore, 439 U.S. 322 (1979);439 U.S. 322</searchTitle>
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              <reportNumber>322</reportNumber>
              <sequenceNumber>27</sequenceNumber>
              <pagePosition>1</pagePosition>
              <decisionDate>1979-01-09</decisionDate>
              <courtTerm>1978</courtTerm>
              <usCitation>439 U.S. 322</usCitation>
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                   <topic>Mutuality</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Commerce</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Offensive Use</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Equitable Claim</topic>
                                        
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                   <topic>Right to a Jury Trial</topic>
                                        
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                   <topic>Collateral Estoppel</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Relitigating</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Materially False</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Securities</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Class Action</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <subject authority="scdb" uri="http://scdb.wustl.edu/documentation.php?var=issue">
                                        
                   <topic>Judicial Administration: Collateral Estoppel or Res Judicata</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Judicial Power</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <docketId>1978-022-01</docketId>
              <petitioner>Manufacturer</petitioner>
              <respondent>Stockholder, shareholder, or bondholder</respondent>
              <jurisdiction>Cert</jurisdiction>
              <adminAction>Securities and Exchange Commission</adminAction>
              <caseOrigin>New York Southern U.S. District Court</caseOrigin>
              <caseSource>U.S. Court of Appeals, Second Circuit</caseSource>
              <certReason>Federal court conflict</certReason>
              <chiefJustice>Warren Earl Burger</chiefJustice>
              <dateArgument>1978-10-30</dateArgument>
              <authorityDecision>Federal common law</authorityDecision>
              <law>
                                        
                   <type>Other</type>
                                        
                   <legalProvisions>Estoppel</legalProvisions>
                                    
            </law>
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              <unconstitutionality>No declaration of unconstitutionality</unconstitutionality>
              <disposition>Affirmed (includes modified)</disposition>
              <partyWinning>No favorable disposition for petitioning party apparent</partyWinning>
              <majorityOpinion>
                                        
                   <writer>Potter Stewart</writer>
                                        
                   <assigner>Warren Earl Burger</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
              <votes>
                                        
                   <majority>8</majority>
                                        
                   <minority>1</minority>
                                    
            </votes>
        </extension>
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         <titleInfo>
              <title>Duren v. Missouri, 439 U.S. 357 (1979)</title>
              <partNumber>439 U.S. 357</partNumber>
              <partName>Case</partName>
        </titleInfo>
         <identifier type="uri">https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/USREPORTS-439/USREPORTS-439-357</identifier>
         <identifier type="preferred citation">439 U.S. 357 (1979)</identifier>
         <identifier type="United States Reports citation">439 U.S. 357</identifier>
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              <identifier type="FDsys Unique ID">D09002ee1d4d58995</identifier>
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         <subject>
              <topic>Underrepresentation of Women on Jury</topic>
              <topic>Petit Jury</topic>
              <topic>Jury Service</topic>
              <topic>Human Rights and Civil Liberties</topic>
              <topic>Summoned</topic>
              <topic>Disproportionate</topic>
              <topic>Fair Cross Section</topic>
              <topic>Right to a Jury Trial</topic>
              <topic>Systematic Exclusion</topic>
              <topic>Constitutional Law</topic>
              <topic>Criminal Law and Procedure</topic>
              <topic>Sex Discrimination (Excluding Sex Discrimination in Employment)</topic>
              <topic>Civil Rights</topic>
        </subject>
         <extension>
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              <reportNumber>357</reportNumber>
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              <pagePosition>1</pagePosition>
              <decisionDate>1979-01-09</decisionDate>
              <courtTerm>1978</courtTerm>
              <usCitation>439 U.S. 357</usCitation>
              <fullCitation>439 U.S. 357 (1979)</fullCitation>
              <subject authority="llc" uri="https://www.loc.gov/research-centers/law-library-of-congress/about-this-research-center">
                                        
                   <topic>Underrepresentation of Women on Jury</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Petit Jury</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Jury Service</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Human Rights and Civil Liberties</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Summoned</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Disproportionate</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Fair Cross Section</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Right to a Jury Trial</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Systematic Exclusion</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Constitutional Law</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Criminal Law and Procedure</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <subject authority="scdb" uri="http://scdb.wustl.edu/documentation.php?var=issue">
                                        
                   <topic>Sex Discrimination (Excluding Sex Discrimination in Employment)</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Civil Rights</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <docketId>1978-023-01</docketId>
              <petitioner>Person accused, indicted, or suspected of crime</petitioner>
              <respondent state="Missouri">State</respondent>
              <jurisdiction>Cert</jurisdiction>
              <caseOrigin state="Missouri">State Trial Court</caseOrigin>
              <caseSource state="Missouri">State Supreme Court</caseSource>
              <certReason>State court conflict</certReason>
              <chiefJustice>Warren Earl Burger</chiefJustice>
              <dateArgument>1978-11-01</dateArgument>
              <authorityDecision>Judicial review (state level)</authorityDecision>
              <law>
                                        
                   <type>Constitutional Amendment</type>
                                        
                   <legalProvisions>Sixth Amendment (other provisions)</legalProvisions>
                                    
            </law>
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              <unconstitutionality>State or territorial law, reg, or const provision unconstitutional</unconstitutionality>
              <disposition>Reversed and remanded</disposition>
              <partyWinning>Petitioning party received a favorable disposition</partyWinning>
              <majorityOpinion>
                                        
                   <writer>Byron Raymond White</writer>
                                        
                   <assigner>Warren Earl Burger</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
              <votes>
                                        
                   <majority>8</majority>
                                        
                   <minority>1</minority>
                                    
            </votes>
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              <topic>Unconstitutionally Vague</topic>
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              <topic>Standard of Care</topic>
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              <topic>Gestation</topic>
              <topic>Abortion</topic>
              <topic>Family Law</topic>
              <topic>Constitutional Law</topic>
              <topic>Women&apos;s Rights</topic>
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                   <topic>Family Planning and Birth Control</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Viability</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Patients&apos; Rights</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Unconstitutionally Vague</topic>
                                        
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                   <topic>Standard of Care</topic>
                                        
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                   <topic>Abortion: Including Contraceptives</topic>
                                        
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            </subject>
              <docketId>1978-024-01</docketId>
              <petitioner state="Pennsylvania">State</petitioner>
              <respondent>Physician, MD or DO, dentist, or medical society</respondent>
              <jurisdiction>Appeal</jurisdiction>
              <caseOrigin>Pennsylvania Eastern U.S. District Court</caseOrigin>
              <caseSource>Pennsylvania Eastern U.S. District Court</caseSource>
              <certReason>Case did not arise on cert or cert not granted</certReason>
              <chiefJustice>Warren Earl Burger</chiefJustice>
              <dateArgument>1978-10-03</dateArgument>
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              <law>
                                        
                   <type>Constitutional Amendment</type>
                                        
                   <legalProvisions>Fifth Amendment (due process)</legalProvisions>
                                    
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              <unconstitutionality>State or territorial law, reg, or const provision unconstitutional</unconstitutionality>
              <disposition>Affirmed (includes modified)</disposition>
              <partyWinning>No favorable disposition for petitioning party apparent</partyWinning>
              <majorityOpinion>
                                        
                   <writer>Harry A. Blackmun</writer>
                                        
                   <assigner>William J. Brennan, Jr.</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
              <votes>
                                        
                   <majority>6</majority>
                                        
                   <minority>3</minority>
                                    
            </votes>
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              <title>Givhan v. Western Line Consol. School Dist., 439 U.S. 410 (1979)</title>
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         <identifier type="uri">https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/USREPORTS-439/USREPORTS-439-410</identifier>
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              <topic>Public Employee</topic>
              <topic>Human Rights and Civil Liberties</topic>
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              <topic>Desegregation</topic>
              <topic>Constitutionally Protected</topic>
              <topic>Forfeiture of Rights</topic>
              <topic>Constitutional Law</topic>
              <topic>Teachers</topic>
              <topic>Rehire</topic>
              <topic>Termination</topic>
              <topic>First Amendment, Miscellaneous (Cf. Comity: First Amendment)</topic>
              <topic>First Amendment</topic>
        </subject>
         <extension>
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              <decisionDate>1979-01-04</decisionDate>
              <courtTerm>1978</courtTerm>
              <usCitation>439 U.S. 410</usCitation>
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                   <topic>Education</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Discrimination</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Public Employee</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Human Rights and Civil Liberties</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Freedom of Speech</topic>
                                        
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                   <topic>Constitutional Law</topic>
                                        
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                   <topic>Termination</topic>
                                    
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                   <topic>First Amendment, Miscellaneous (Cf. Comity: First Amendment)</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>First Amendment</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <docketId>1978-025-01</docketId>
              <petitioner state="Mississippi">Governmental employee or job applicant</petitioner>
              <respondent state="Mississippi">Local school district or board of education</respondent>
              <jurisdiction>Cert</jurisdiction>
              <adminAction state="Mississippi">State Agency</adminAction>
              <caseOrigin>Mississippi Northern U.S. District Court</caseOrigin>
              <caseSource>U.S. Court of Appeals, Fifth Circuit</caseSource>
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              <chiefJustice>Warren Earl Burger</chiefJustice>
              <dateArgument>1978-11-07</dateArgument>
              <authorityDecision>Judicial review (state level)</authorityDecision>
              <law>
                                        
                   <type>Constitutional Amendment</type>
                                        
                   <legalProvisions>First Amendment (speech, press, and assembly)</legalProvisions>
                                    
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              <decisionType>Opinion of the court (orally argued)</decisionType>
              <unconstitutionality>No declaration of unconstitutionality</unconstitutionality>
              <disposition>Vacated and remanded</disposition>
              <partyWinning>Petitioning party received a favorable disposition</partyWinning>
              <majorityOpinion>
                                        
                   <writer>William H. Rehnquist</writer>
                                        
                   <assigner>Warren Earl Burger</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
              <votes>
                                        
                   <majority>9</majority>
                                        
                   <minority>0</minority>
                                    
            </votes>
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         <titleInfo>
              <title>Arizona v. California, 439 U.S. 419 (1979)</title>
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              <partName>Case</partName>
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              <topic>Acres</topic>
              <topic>Boundaries</topic>
              <topic>Acre-Feet</topic>
              <topic>Maps and Mapping</topic>
              <topic>Original Jurisdiction</topic>
              <topic>Northerly</topic>
              <topic>Non-Real Property Dispute Between States</topic>
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        </subject>
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              <courtTerm>1978</courtTerm>
              <usCitation>439 U.S. 419</usCitation>
              <fullCitation>439 U.S. 419 (1979)</fullCitation>
              <subject authority="llc" uri="https://www.loc.gov/research-centers/law-library-of-congress/about-this-research-center">
                                        
                   <topic>Irrigation</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Reservations</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Federal Indian and Tribal Law</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Decree</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Water Law</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Acres</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Boundaries</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Acre-Feet</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Maps and Mapping</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Original Jurisdiction</topic>
                                        
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                   <topic>Non-Real Property Dispute Between States</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Interstate Relations</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <docketId>1978-026-01</docketId>
              <petitioner state="Arizona">State</petitioner>
              <respondent state="California">State</respondent>
              <jurisdiction>Original</jurisdiction>
              <certReason>Case did not arise on cert or cert not granted</certReason>
              <chiefJustice>Warren Earl Burger</chiefJustice>
              <authorityDecision>Supreme Court supervision of lower federal or state courts or original jurisdiction</authorityDecision>
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              <decisionType>Decrees</decisionType>
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              <disposition>Stay, petition, or motion granted</disposition>
              <partyWinning>Petitioning party received a favorable disposition</partyWinning>
              <majorityOpinion>
                                        
                   <assigner>Warren Earl Burger</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
              <votes>
                                        
                   <majority>8</majority>
                                        
                   <minority>0</minority>
                                    
            </votes>
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         <titleInfo>
              <title>Leis v. Flynt, 439 U.S. 438 (1979)</title>
              <partNumber>439 U.S. 438</partNumber>
              <partName>Case</partName>
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         <identifier type="uri">https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/USREPORTS-439/USREPORTS-439-438</identifier>
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              <topic>Constitutionally Protected</topic>
              <topic>Hustler Magazine</topic>
              <topic>Procedural Due Process</topic>
              <topic>Admitted Practice</topic>
              <topic>State Law</topic>
              <topic>Protected Interest</topic>
              <topic>Trial Judge</topic>
              <topic>Civil Procedure</topic>
              <topic>Due Process: Hearing or Notice (Other than as Pertains to Government Employees or Prisoners&apos; Rights)</topic>
              <topic>Due Process</topic>
        </subject>
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                   <topic>Practice of Law</topic>
                                        
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            </subject>
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                   <topic>Due Process: Hearing or Notice (Other than as Pertains to Government Employees or Prisoners&apos; Rights)</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Due Process</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <docketId>1978-027-01</docketId>
              <petitioner state="Ohio">Court or judicial district</petitioner>
              <respondent>Attorney, or person acting as such, includes bar applicant or law student, or law firm or bar association</respondent>
              <jurisdiction>Cert</jurisdiction>
              <caseOrigin>Ohio Southern U.S. District Court</caseOrigin>
              <caseSource>U.S. Court of Appeals, Sixth Circuit</caseSource>
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                   <type>Constitutional Amendment</type>
                                        
                   <legalProvisions>Fourteenth Amendment (due process)</legalProvisions>
                                    
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              <disposition>Reversed and remanded</disposition>
              <partyWinning>Petitioning party received a favorable disposition</partyWinning>
              <majorityOpinion>
                                        
                   <assigner>Warren Earl Burger</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
              <votes>
                                        
                   <majority>5</majority>
                                        
                   <minority>4</minority>
                                    
            </votes>
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         <titleInfo>
              <title>Harlan v. Missouri, 439 U.S. 459 (1979)</title>
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              <partName>Case</partName>
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              <topic>Direct Review</topic>
              <topic>Provisions</topic>
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                   <topic>Retroactive</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Judgments</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Juries</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Trial Court</topic>
                                        
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                   <topic>Provisions</topic>
                                        
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            </subject>
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                   <topic>Sex Discrimination (Excluding Sex Discrimination in Employment)</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Civil Rights</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <docketId>1978-028-01</docketId>
              <petitioner>Person accused, indicted, or suspected of crime</petitioner>
              <respondent state="Missouri">State</respondent>
              <jurisdiction>Cert</jurisdiction>
              <caseOrigin state="Missouri">State Trial Court</caseOrigin>
              <caseSource state="Missouri">State Supreme Court</caseSource>
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              <chiefJustice>Warren Earl Burger</chiefJustice>
              <authorityDecision>Judicial review (state level)</authorityDecision>
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                   <type>Constitutional Amendment</type>
                                        
                   <legalProvisions>Sixth Amendment (other provisions)</legalProvisions>
                                    
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              <disposition>Vacated and remanded</disposition>
              <partyWinning>Petitioning party received a favorable disposition</partyWinning>
              <majorityOpinion>
                                        
                   <assigner>Warren Earl Burger</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
              <votes>
                                        
                   <majority>8</majority>
                                        
                   <minority>1</minority>
                                    
            </votes>
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              <title>Lee v. Missouri, 439 U.S. 461 (1979)</title>
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              <partName>Case</partName>
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              <topic>Criminal Law and Procedure</topic>
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                   <topic>Judgments</topic>
                                        
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                   <topic>Juries</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Fair Cross Section</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Exclusion of Women from Jury</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Criminal Law and Procedure</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Sworn</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <subject authority="scdb" uri="http://scdb.wustl.edu/documentation.php?var=issue">
                                        
                   <topic>Retroactivity (Of Newly Announced or Newly Enacted Constitutional or Statutory Rights)</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Criminal Procedure</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <docketId>1978-029-01</docketId>
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                   <type>Other</type>
                                        
                   <legalProvisions>Retroactive application of a constitutional right</legalProvisions>
                                    
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              <partyWinning>Petitioning party received a favorable disposition</partyWinning>
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                   <assigner>Warren Earl Burger</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
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                   <majority>8</majority>
                                        
                   <minority>1</minority>
                                    
            </votes>
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                   <topic>Indians, State Jurisdiction Over</topic>
                                        
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              <docketId>1978-030-01</docketId>
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                   <type>Infrequently litigated statutes</type>
                                        
                   <legalProvisions>Infrequently litigated statutes</legalProvisions>
                                    
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                   <writer>Potter Stewart</writer>
                                        
                   <assigner>Warren Earl Burger</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
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                   <majority>7</majority>
                                        
                   <minority>2</minority>
                                    
            </votes>
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              <title>FERC v. Pennzoil Producing Co., 439 U.S. 508 (1979)</title>
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              <topic>Administrative Law Judge</topic>
              <topic>Interstate</topic>
              <topic>Pipelines</topic>
              <topic>Unregulated</topic>
              <topic>Market Price</topic>
              <topic>Market Value</topic>
              <topic>Natural Resources</topic>
              <topic>Energy Law</topic>
              <topic>Federal and Some Few State Regulation of Public Utilities Regulation: Gas Producer</topic>
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                   <topic>Administrative Law</topic>
                                        
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                   <topic>Federal and Some Few State Regulation of Public Utilities Regulation: Gas Producer</topic>
                                        
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            </subject>
              <docketId>1978-031-01</docketId>
              <petitioner>Federal Energy Regulatory Commission</petitioner>
              <respondent>Mining company or miner, excluding coal, oil, or pipeline company</respondent>
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                   <type>Federal Statute</type>
                                        
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              <majorityOpinion>
                                        
                   <writer>Byron Raymond White</writer>
                                        
                   <assigner>Warren Earl Burger</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
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                   <majority>7</majority>
                                        
                   <minority>0</minority>
                                    
            </votes>
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              <title>Thor Power Tool Co. v. Commissioner, 439 U.S. 522 (1979)</title>
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              <topic>Tax Law</topic>
              <topic>Inventory</topic>
              <topic>Taxation</topic>
              <topic>Manufacturing</topic>
              <topic>Taxable Income</topic>
              <topic>Commerce</topic>
              <topic>Taxpayers</topic>
              <topic>Tax Purposes</topic>
              <topic>Federal Taxation, Typically Under Provisions of the Internal Revenue Code</topic>
              <topic>Federal Taxation</topic>
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                   <topic>Inventory Accounting</topic>
                                        
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                   <topic>Federal Taxation, Typically Under Provisions of the Internal Revenue Code</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Federal Taxation</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <docketId>1978-032-01</docketId>
              <petitioner>Taxpayer or executor of taxpayer&apos;s estate, federal only</petitioner>
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                   <type>Federal Statute</type>
                                        
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              <disposition>Affirmed (includes modified)</disposition>
              <partyWinning>No favorable disposition for petitioning party apparent</partyWinning>
              <majorityOpinion>
                                        
                   <writer>Harry A. Blackmun</writer>
                                        
                   <assigner>Warren Earl Burger</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
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                   <majority>9</majority>
                                        
                   <minority>0</minority>
                                    
            </votes>
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              <topic>Employer</topic>
              <topic>Management-Labor Relations</topic>
              <topic>Employee Benefits</topic>
              <topic>Stocks</topic>
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              <topic>Securities</topic>
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                   <topic>Federal or State Regulation of Securities</topic>
                                        
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              <docketId>1978-033-01</docketId>
              <petitioner>Union, labor organization, or official of</petitioner>
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                   <type>Federal Statute</type>
                                        
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                   <writer>Lewis F. Powell, Jr.</writer>
                                        
                   <assigner>Warren Earl Burger</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
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                   <majority>8</majority>
                                        
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         <titleInfo>
              <title>Hisquierdo v. Hisquierdo, 439 U.S. 572 (1979)</title>
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              <topic>State Law</topic>
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                   <topic>Divorce</topic>
                                        
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                   <type>Infrequently litigated statutes</type>
                                        
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                   <writer>Harry A. Blackmun</writer>
                                        
                   <assigner>Warren Earl Burger</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
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                   <majority>7</majority>
                                        
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