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         <titleInfo>
              <title>Gelbard v. United States, 408 U.S. 41 (1972)</title>
              <partNumber>408 U.S. 41</partNumber>
              <partName>Case</partName>
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         <identifier type="uri">https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/USREPORTS-408/USREPORTS-408-41</identifier>
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         <subject>
              <topic>Juries</topic>
              <topic>Evidence</topic>
              <topic>Criminal Law and Procedure</topic>
              <topic>Interception</topic>
              <topic>Human Rights and Civil Liberties</topic>
              <topic>Witnesses</topic>
              <topic>Invasion of Privacy</topic>
              <topic>Interrogation</topic>
              <topic>Civil Procedure</topic>
              <topic>Contempt of Court</topic>
              <topic>Criminal Procedure</topic>
              <topic>National Security</topic>
              <topic>Electronic Surveillance</topic>
              <topic>Grand Juries</topic>
              <topic>Right of Privacy</topic>
              <topic>Communications</topic>
              <topic>Testimony</topic>
              <topic>Noncompliance</topic>
              <topic>Search and Seizure, Crime Control Act</topic>
              <topic>Criminal Procedure</topic>
        </subject>
         <extension>
              <searchTitle>United States reports : cases adjudged in the Supreme Court at October term, 1971, June 26 through June 29, 1972, end of term;Gelbard v. United States, 408 U.S. 41 (1972);408 U.S. 41</searchTitle>
              <granuleClass>CASE</granuleClass>
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                   <topic>Juries</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Evidence</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Criminal Law and Procedure</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Interception</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Human Rights and Civil Liberties</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Witnesses</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Invasion of Privacy</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Interrogation</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Civil Procedure</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Contempt of Court</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Criminal Procedure</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>National Security</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Electronic Surveillance</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Grand Juries</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Right of Privacy</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Communications</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Testimony</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Noncompliance</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <subject authority="scdb" uri="http://scdb.wustl.edu/documentation.php?var=issue">
                                        
                   <topic>Search and Seizure, Crime Control Act</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Criminal Procedure</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <docketId>1971-160-01</docketId>
              <petitioner>Witness, or person under subpoena</petitioner>
              <respondent>United States</respondent>
              <jurisdiction>Cert</jurisdiction>
              <caseOrigin>California Central U.S. District Court</caseOrigin>
              <caseSource>U.S. Court of Appeals, Ninth Circuit</caseSource>
              <certReason>No reason given</certReason>
              <chiefJustice>Warren Earl Burger</chiefJustice>
              <dateArgument>1972-03-27</dateArgument>
              <authorityDecision>Statutory construction</authorityDecision>
              <law>
                                        
                   <type>Federal Statute</type>
                                        
                   <legalProvisions>Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets, National Firearms, Organized Crime Control, Comprehensive Crime Control, or Gun Control Acts</legalProvisions>
                                    
            </law>
              <decisionType>Opinion of the court (orally argued)</decisionType>
              <unconstitutionality>No declaration of unconstitutionality</unconstitutionality>
              <disposition>Reversed and remanded</disposition>
              <partyWinning>Petitioning party received a favorable disposition</partyWinning>
              <majorityOpinion>
                                        
                   <writer>William J. Brennan, Jr.</writer>
                                        
                   <assigner>William Orville Douglas</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
              <votes>
                                        
                   <majority>5</majority>
                                        
                   <minority>4</minority>
                                    
            </votes>
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         <titleInfo>
              <title>Police Department of Chicago v. Mosley, 408 U.S. 92 (1972)</title>
              <partNumber>408 U.S. 92</partNumber>
              <partName>Case</partName>
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         <identifier type="uri">https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/USREPORTS-408/USREPORTS-408-92</identifier>
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              <identifier type="FDsys Unique ID">D09002ee1d4d49075</identifier>
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         <subject>
              <topic>Racial and Ethnic Relations</topic>
              <topic>Picketing</topic>
              <topic>Discrimination</topic>
              <topic>Government</topic>
              <topic>Human Rights and Civil Liberties</topic>
              <topic>Freedom of Speech</topic>
              <topic>Freedom of Expression</topic>
              <topic>Equal Protection</topic>
              <topic>Public Lands</topic>
              <topic>Government Interest</topic>
              <topic>Constitutional Law</topic>
              <topic>Legitimate Interests</topic>
              <topic>Equal Opportunity</topic>
              <topic>Protest and Dissent</topic>
              <topic>Protest Demonstrations (Other than as Pertains to Sit-in Demonstrations): Demonstrations and Other Forms of Protest Based on First Amendment Guarantees</topic>
              <topic>First Amendment</topic>
        </subject>
         <extension>
              <searchTitle>United States reports : cases adjudged in the Supreme Court at October term, 1971, June 26 through June 29, 1972, end of term;Police Department of Chicago v. Mosley, 408 U.S. 92 (1972);408 U.S. 92</searchTitle>
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              <accessId>USREPORTS-408-92</accessId>
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                   <topic>Racial and Ethnic Relations</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Picketing</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Discrimination</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Government</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Human Rights and Civil Liberties</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Freedom of Speech</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Freedom of Expression</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Equal Protection</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Public Lands</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Government Interest</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Constitutional Law</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Legitimate Interests</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Equal Opportunity</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Protest and Dissent</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <subject authority="scdb" uri="http://scdb.wustl.edu/documentation.php?var=issue">
                                        
                   <topic>Protest Demonstrations (Other than as Pertains to Sit-in Demonstrations): Demonstrations and Other Forms of Protest Based on First Amendment Guarantees</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>First Amendment</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <docketId>1971-161-01</docketId>
              <petitioner state="Illinois">City, town, township, village, or borough government or governmental unit</petitioner>
              <respondent>Protester, demonstrator, picketer or pamphleteer (non-employment related), or nonindigent loiterer</respondent>
              <jurisdiction>Cert</jurisdiction>
              <caseOrigin>Illinois Northern U.S. District Court</caseOrigin>
              <caseSource>U.S. Court of Appeals, Seventh Circuit</caseSource>
              <certReason>To resolve question presented</certReason>
              <chiefJustice>Warren Earl Burger</chiefJustice>
              <dateArgument>1972-01-19</dateArgument>
              <authorityDecision>Judicial review (state level)</authorityDecision>
              <law>
                                        
                   <type>Constitutional Amendment</type>
                                        
                   <legalProvisions>Fourteenth Amendment (equal protection)</legalProvisions>
                                    
            </law>
              <decisionType>Opinion of the court (orally argued)</decisionType>
              <unconstitutionality>Municipal or other local ordinance unconstitutional</unconstitutionality>
              <disposition>Affirmed (includes modified)</disposition>
              <partyWinning>No favorable disposition for petitioning party apparent</partyWinning>
              <majorityOpinion>
                                        
                   <writer>Thurgood Marshall</writer>
                                        
                   <assigner>Warren Earl Burger</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
              <votes>
                                        
                   <majority>9</majority>
                                        
                   <minority>0</minority>
                                    
            </votes>
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         <titleInfo>
              <title>Grayned v. City of Rockford, 408 U.S. 104 (1972)</title>
              <partNumber>408 U.S. 104</partNumber>
              <partName>Case</partName>
        </titleInfo>
         <identifier type="uri">https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/USREPORTS-408/USREPORTS-408-104</identifier>
         <identifier type="preferred citation">408 U.S. 104 (1972)</identifier>
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              <identifier type="FDsys Unique ID">D09002ee1d4d48d9c</identifier>
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         <subject>
              <topic>Picketing</topic>
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              <topic>Standing</topic>
              <topic>Anti-Noise Ordinance</topic>
              <topic>Overbroad</topic>
              <topic>School Administration</topic>
              <topic>Discrimination</topic>
              <topic>Due Process</topic>
              <topic>Government</topic>
              <topic>Human Rights and Civil Liberties</topic>
              <topic>Witnesses</topic>
              <topic>Equal Protection</topic>
              <topic>Public Lands</topic>
              <topic>Vagueness</topic>
              <topic>Public Schools</topic>
              <topic>Crime and Law Enforcement</topic>
              <topic>Constitutional Law</topic>
              <topic>Disruptions</topic>
              <topic>Protest and Dissent</topic>
              <topic>Protest Demonstrations (Other than as Pertains to Sit-in Demonstrations): Demonstrations and Other Forms of Protest Based on First Amendment Guarantees</topic>
              <topic>First Amendment</topic>
        </subject>
         <extension>
              <searchTitle>United States reports : cases adjudged in the Supreme Court at October term, 1971, June 26 through June 29, 1972, end of term;Grayned v. City of Rockford, 408 U.S. 104 (1972);408 U.S. 104</searchTitle>
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              <subject authority="llc" uri="https://www.loc.gov/research-centers/law-library-of-congress/about-this-research-center">
                                        
                   <topic>Picketing</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Expressive Activity</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Education</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Standing</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Anti-Noise Ordinance</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Overbroad</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>School Administration</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Discrimination</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Due Process</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Government</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Human Rights and Civil Liberties</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Witnesses</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Equal Protection</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Public Lands</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Vagueness</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Public Schools</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Crime and Law Enforcement</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Constitutional Law</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Disruptions</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Protest and Dissent</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <subject authority="scdb" uri="http://scdb.wustl.edu/documentation.php?var=issue">
                                        
                   <topic>Protest Demonstrations (Other than as Pertains to Sit-in Demonstrations): Demonstrations and Other Forms of Protest Based on First Amendment Guarantees</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>First Amendment</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <docketId>1971-162-01</docketId>
              <petitioner>Protester, demonstrator, picketer or pamphleteer (non-employment related), or nonindigent loiterer</petitioner>
              <respondent state="Illinois">City, town, township, village, or borough government or governmental unit</respondent>
              <jurisdiction>Appeal</jurisdiction>
              <caseOrigin state="Illinois">State Trial Court</caseOrigin>
              <caseSource state="Illinois">State Supreme Court</caseSource>
              <certReason>Case did not arise on cert or cert not granted</certReason>
              <chiefJustice>Warren Earl Burger</chiefJustice>
              <dateArgument>1972-01-19</dateArgument>
              <authorityDecision>Judicial review (state level)</authorityDecision>
              <law>
                                        
                   <type>Constitutional Amendment</type>
                                        
                   <legalProvisions>Fourteenth Amendment (equal protection)</legalProvisions>
                                    
            </law>
              <decisionType>Opinion of the court (orally argued)</decisionType>
              <unconstitutionality>Municipal or other local ordinance unconstitutional</unconstitutionality>
              <disposition>Reversed</disposition>
              <partyWinning>Petitioning party received a favorable disposition</partyWinning>
              <majorityOpinion>
                                        
                   <writer>Thurgood Marshall</writer>
                                        
                   <assigner>Warren Earl Burger</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
              <votes>
                                        
                   <majority>9</majority>
                                        
                   <minority>0</minority>
                                    
            </votes>
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         <location>
              <url displayLabel="Content Detail" access="object in context">https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/USREPORTS-408/USREPORTS-408-104</url>
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         <titleInfo>
              <title>United States v. Byrum, 408 U.S. 125 (1972)</title>
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              <partName>Case</partName>
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         <identifier type="uri">https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/USREPORTS-408/USREPORTS-408-125</identifier>
         <identifier type="preferred citation">408 U.S. 125 (1972)</identifier>
         <identifier type="United States Reports citation">408 U.S. 125</identifier>
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              <identifier type="FDsys Unique ID">D09002ee1d4d49090</identifier>
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         <subject>
              <topic>Property Tax</topic>
              <topic>Finance and Financial Sector</topic>
              <topic>Beneficiaries</topic>
              <topic>Trusts and Estates</topic>
              <topic>Investment</topic>
              <topic>Stockholders</topic>
              <topic>Tax Law</topic>
              <topic>Income</topic>
              <topic>Dividends</topic>
              <topic>Contingent Benefits</topic>
              <topic>Voting</topic>
              <topic>Assets</topic>
              <topic>Securities</topic>
              <topic>Corporations Law</topic>
              <topic>Property</topic>
              <topic>Federal Taxation, Typically Under Provisions of the Internal Revenue Code</topic>
              <topic>Federal Taxation</topic>
        </subject>
         <extension>
              <searchTitle>United States reports : cases adjudged in the Supreme Court at October term, 1971, June 26 through June 29, 1972, end of term;United States v. Byrum, 408 U.S. 125 (1972);408 U.S. 125</searchTitle>
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              <accessId>USREPORTS-408-125</accessId>
              <reportNumber>125</reportNumber>
              <sequenceNumber>11</sequenceNumber>
              <pagePosition>1</pagePosition>
              <decisionDate>1972-06-26</decisionDate>
              <courtTerm>1971</courtTerm>
              <usCitation>408 U.S. 125</usCitation>
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              <subject authority="llc" uri="https://www.loc.gov/research-centers/law-library-of-congress/about-this-research-center">
                                        
                   <topic>Property Tax</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Finance and Financial Sector</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Beneficiaries</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Trusts and Estates</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Investment</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Stockholders</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Tax Law</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Income</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Dividends</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Contingent Benefits</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Voting</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Assets</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Securities</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Corporations Law</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Property</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <subject authority="scdb" uri="http://scdb.wustl.edu/documentation.php?var=issue">
                                        
                   <topic>Federal Taxation, Typically Under Provisions of the Internal Revenue Code</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Federal Taxation</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <docketId>1971-164-01</docketId>
              <petitioner>United States</petitioner>
              <respondent>Taxpayer or executor of taxpayer&apos;s estate, federal only</respondent>
              <jurisdiction>Cert</jurisdiction>
              <adminAction>Internal Revenue Service, Collector, Commissioner, or District Director of</adminAction>
              <caseOrigin>Ohio Southern U.S. District Court</caseOrigin>
              <caseSource>U.S. Court of Appeals, Sixth Circuit</caseSource>
              <certReason>No reason given</certReason>
              <chiefJustice>Warren Earl Burger</chiefJustice>
              <dateArgument>1972-03-01</dateArgument>
              <authorityDecision>Statutory construction</authorityDecision>
              <law>
                                        
                   <type>Federal Statute</type>
                                        
                   <legalProvisions>Internal Revenue Code and pre-IRC revenue acts</legalProvisions>
                                    
            </law>
              <decisionType>Opinion of the court (orally argued)</decisionType>
              <unconstitutionality>No declaration of unconstitutionality</unconstitutionality>
              <disposition>Affirmed (includes modified)</disposition>
              <partyWinning>No favorable disposition for petitioning party apparent</partyWinning>
              <majorityOpinion>
                                        
                   <writer>Lewis F. Powell, Jr.</writer>
                                        
                   <assigner>Warren Earl Burger</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
              <votes>
                                        
                   <majority>6</majority>
                                        
                   <minority>3</minority>
                                    
            </votes>
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         <titleInfo>
              <title>Healy v. James, 408 U.S. 169 (1972)</title>
              <partNumber>408 U.S. 169</partNumber>
              <partName>Case</partName>
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         <identifier type="uri">https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/USREPORTS-408/USREPORTS-408-169</identifier>
         <identifier type="preferred citation">408 U.S. 169 (1972)</identifier>
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              <identifier type="FDsys Unique ID">D09002ee1d4d49076</identifier>
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         <subject>
              <topic>Higher Education</topic>
              <topic>Violence</topic>
              <topic>Education</topic>
              <topic>Right to Privacy</topic>
              <topic>Elections and Politics</topic>
              <topic>School Administration</topic>
              <topic>Fundamental Rights</topic>
              <topic>Due Process</topic>
              <topic>Academic Freedom</topic>
              <topic>Human Rights and Civil Liberties</topic>
              <topic>Freedom of Speech</topic>
              <topic>Freedom of Expression</topic>
              <topic>Political Parties and Affiliations</topic>
              <topic>Crime and Law Enforcement</topic>
              <topic>Campus Organizations</topic>
              <topic>Constitutional Law</topic>
              <topic>Disruptive Influence</topic>
              <topic>Protest and Dissent</topic>
              <topic>First Amendment, Miscellaneous (Cf. Comity: First Amendment)</topic>
              <topic>First Amendment</topic>
        </subject>
         <extension>
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                   <topic>Higher Education</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Violence</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Education</topic>
                                        
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                   <topic>Elections and Politics</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>School Administration</topic>
                                        
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                   <topic>Human Rights and Civil Liberties</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Freedom of Speech</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Freedom of Expression</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Political Parties and Affiliations</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Crime and Law Enforcement</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Campus Organizations</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Constitutional Law</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Disruptive Influence</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Protest and Dissent</topic>
                                    
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              <subject authority="scdb" uri="http://scdb.wustl.edu/documentation.php?var=issue">
                                        
                   <topic>First Amendment, Miscellaneous (Cf. Comity: First Amendment)</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>First Amendment</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <docketId>1971-165-01</docketId>
              <petitioner>Student, or applicant for admission to an educational institution</petitioner>
              <respondent state="Connecticut">State college or university</respondent>
              <jurisdiction>Cert</jurisdiction>
              <adminAction state="Connecticut">State Agency</adminAction>
              <caseOrigin>Connecticut U.S. District Court</caseOrigin>
              <caseSource>U.S. Court of Appeals, Second Circuit</caseSource>
              <certReason>No reason given</certReason>
              <chiefJustice>Warren Earl Burger</chiefJustice>
              <dateArgument>1972-03-28</dateArgument>
              <authorityDecision>Judicial review (state level)</authorityDecision>
              <law>
                                        
                   <type>Constitutional Amendment</type>
                                        
                   <legalProvisions>First Amendment (association)</legalProvisions>
                                    
            </law>
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              <unconstitutionality>No declaration of unconstitutionality</unconstitutionality>
              <disposition>Reversed and remanded</disposition>
              <partyWinning>Petitioning party received a favorable disposition</partyWinning>
              <majorityOpinion>
                                        
                   <writer>Lewis F. Powell, Jr.</writer>
                                        
                   <assigner>Warren Earl Burger</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
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                   <majority>9</majority>
                                        
                   <minority>0</minority>
                                    
            </votes>
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              <title>Mancusi v. Stubbs, 408 U.S. 204 (1972)</title>
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              <partName>Case</partName>
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              <topic>Witnesses</topic>
              <topic>Criminal Procedure</topic>
              <topic>Lawyers and Legal Services</topic>
              <topic>Civil Procedure</topic>
              <topic>Crime and Law Enforcement</topic>
              <topic>Constitutional Law</topic>
              <topic>Criminal Law and Procedure</topic>
              <topic>Confrontation (Right to Confront Accuser, Call and Cross-Examine Witnesses)</topic>
              <topic>Criminal Procedure</topic>
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                   <topic>Trials and Court Proceedings</topic>
                                        
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                   <topic>Witnesses</topic>
                                        
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                   <topic>Confrontation (Right to Confront Accuser, Call and Cross-Examine Witnesses)</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Criminal Procedure</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <docketId>1971-166-01</docketId>
              <petitioner state="New York">State</petitioner>
              <respondent>Person convicted of crime</respondent>
              <jurisdiction>Cert</jurisdiction>
              <caseOrigin>New York Western U.S. District Court</caseOrigin>
              <caseSource>U.S. Court of Appeals, Second Circuit</caseSource>
              <certReason>No reason given</certReason>
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              <authorityDecision>Judicial review (state level)</authorityDecision>
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                   <type>Constitutional Amendment</type>
                                        
                   <legalProvisions>Sixth Amendment (right to confront and cross-examine, compulsory process)</legalProvisions>
                                    
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              <disposition>Reversed</disposition>
              <partyWinning>Petitioning party received a favorable disposition</partyWinning>
              <majorityOpinion>
                                        
                   <writer>William H. Rehnquist</writer>
                                        
                   <assigner>Warren Earl Burger</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
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                   <majority>7</majority>
                                        
                   <minority>2</minority>
                                    
            </votes>
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         <titleInfo>
              <title>Combs v. United States, 408 U.S. 224 (1972)</title>
              <partNumber>408 U.S. 224</partNumber>
              <partName>Case</partName>
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              <topic>Probable Cause</topic>
              <topic>Standing</topic>
              <topic>Smuggling</topic>
              <topic>Criminal Procedure</topic>
              <topic>Search and Seizure</topic>
              <topic>Crime and Law Enforcement</topic>
              <topic>Stolen Property</topic>
              <topic>Criminal Law and Procedure</topic>
              <topic>Search and Seizure (Other than as Pertains to Vehicles or Crime Control Act)</topic>
              <topic>Criminal Procedure</topic>
        </subject>
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              <decisionDate>1972-06-26</decisionDate>
              <courtTerm>1971</courtTerm>
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              <subject authority="llc" uri="https://www.loc.gov/research-centers/law-library-of-congress/about-this-research-center">
                                        
                   <topic>Evidence</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Probable Cause</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Standing</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Smuggling</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Criminal Procedure</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Search and Seizure</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Crime and Law Enforcement</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Stolen Property</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Criminal Law and Procedure</topic>
                                    
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              <subject authority="scdb" uri="http://scdb.wustl.edu/documentation.php?var=issue">
                                        
                   <topic>Search and Seizure (Other than as Pertains to Vehicles or Crime Control Act)</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Criminal Procedure</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <docketId>1971-167-01</docketId>
              <petitioner>Person accused, indicted, or suspected of crime</petitioner>
              <respondent state="New York">State</respondent>
              <jurisdiction>Cert</jurisdiction>
              <caseOrigin>Kentucky Eastern U.S. District Court</caseOrigin>
              <caseSource>U.S. Court of Appeals, Sixth Circuit</caseSource>
              <certReason>No reason given</certReason>
              <chiefJustice>Warren Earl Burger</chiefJustice>
              <dateArgument>1972-04-11</dateArgument>
              <authorityDecision>Supreme Court supervision of lower federal or state courts or original jurisdiction</authorityDecision>
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              <decisionType>Per curiam (orally argued)</decisionType>
              <unconstitutionality>No declaration of unconstitutionality</unconstitutionality>
              <disposition>Vacated and remanded</disposition>
              <partyWinning>Petitioning party received a favorable disposition</partyWinning>
              <majorityOpinion>
                                        
                   <assigner>Warren Earl Burger</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
              <votes>
                                        
                   <majority>9</majority>
                                        
                   <minority>0</minority>
                                    
            </votes>
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         <titleInfo>
              <title>Kois v. Wisconsin, 408 U.S. 229 (1972)</title>
              <partNumber>408 U.S. 229</partNumber>
              <partName>Case</partName>
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         <subject>
              <topic>Photographs</topic>
              <topic>Obscenity</topic>
              <topic>News Media and Reporting</topic>
              <topic>Human Rights and Civil Liberties</topic>
              <topic>Communications</topic>
              <topic>Constitutional Law</topic>
              <topic>Freedom of the Press</topic>
              <topic>Obscenity, State (Cf. Comity: Privacy): Including the Regulation of Sexually Explicit Material Under the 21st Amendment</topic>
              <topic>First Amendment</topic>
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              <decisionDate>1972-06-26</decisionDate>
              <courtTerm>1971</courtTerm>
              <usCitation>408 U.S. 229</usCitation>
              <fullCitation>408 U.S. 229 (1972)</fullCitation>
              <subject authority="llc" uri="https://www.loc.gov/research-centers/law-library-of-congress/about-this-research-center">
                                        
                   <topic>Photographs</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Obscenity</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>News Media and Reporting</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Human Rights and Civil Liberties</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Communications</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Constitutional Law</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Freedom of the Press</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
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                   <topic>Obscenity, State (Cf. Comity: Privacy): Including the Regulation of Sexually Explicit Material Under the 21st Amendment</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>First Amendment</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <docketId>1971-168-01</docketId>
              <petitioner>Newspaper, newsletter, journal of opinion, news service</petitioner>
              <respondent state="Wisconsin">State</respondent>
              <jurisdiction>Cert</jurisdiction>
              <caseOrigin state="Wisconsin">State Trial Court</caseOrigin>
              <caseSource state="Wisconsin">State Supreme Court</caseSource>
              <certReason>No reason given</certReason>
              <chiefJustice>Warren Earl Burger</chiefJustice>
              <authorityDecision>Judicial review (state level)</authorityDecision>
              <law>
                                        
                   <type>Constitutional Amendment</type>
                                        
                   <legalProvisions>First Amendment (speech, press, and assembly)</legalProvisions>
                                    
            </law>
              <decisionType>Per curiam (no oral argument)</decisionType>
              <unconstitutionality>No declaration of unconstitutionality</unconstitutionality>
              <disposition>Reversed</disposition>
              <partyWinning>Petitioning party received a favorable disposition</partyWinning>
              <majorityOpinion>
                                        
                   <assigner>Warren Earl Burger</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
              <votes>
                                        
                   <majority>9</majority>
                                        
                   <minority>0</minority>
                                    
            </votes>
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         <titleInfo>
              <title>Beecher v. Alabama, 408 U.S. 234 (1972)</title>
              <partNumber>408 U.S. 234</partNumber>
              <partName>Case</partName>
        </titleInfo>
         <identifier type="uri">https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/USREPORTS-408/USREPORTS-408-234</identifier>
         <identifier type="preferred citation">408 U.S. 234 (1972)</identifier>
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              <topic>Evidence</topic>
              <topic>Coercion</topic>
              <topic>Homicide</topic>
              <topic>Due Process</topic>
              <topic>Human Rights and Civil Liberties</topic>
              <topic>Confessions</topic>
              <topic>Criminal Procedure</topic>
              <topic>Sentencing</topic>
              <topic>Crime and Law Enforcement</topic>
              <topic>Constitutional Law</topic>
              <topic>Capital Punishment</topic>
              <topic>Involuntary Confession</topic>
              <topic>Criminal Procedure</topic>
        </subject>
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              <courtTerm>1971</courtTerm>
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                   <topic>Evidence</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Coercion</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Homicide</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Due Process</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Human Rights and Civil Liberties</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Confessions</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Criminal Procedure</topic>
                                        
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                   <topic>Crime and Law Enforcement</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Constitutional Law</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Capital Punishment</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <subject authority="scdb" uri="http://scdb.wustl.edu/documentation.php?var=issue">
                                        
                   <topic>Involuntary Confession</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Criminal Procedure</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <docketId>1971-169-01</docketId>
              <petitioner>Person convicted of crime</petitioner>
              <respondent state="Alabama">State</respondent>
              <jurisdiction>Cert</jurisdiction>
              <caseOrigin state="Alabama">State Trial Court</caseOrigin>
              <caseSource state="Alabama">State Supreme Court</caseSource>
              <certReason>No reason given</certReason>
              <chiefJustice>Warren Earl Burger</chiefJustice>
              <authorityDecision>Judicial review (state level)</authorityDecision>
              <law>
                                        
                   <type>Constitutional Amendment</type>
                                        
                   <legalProvisions>Fifth Amendment (self-incrimination)</legalProvisions>
                                    
            </law>
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              <unconstitutionality>No declaration of unconstitutionality</unconstitutionality>
              <disposition>Reversed</disposition>
              <partyWinning>Petitioning party received a favorable disposition</partyWinning>
              <majorityOpinion>
                                        
                   <assigner>Warren Earl Burger</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
              <votes>
                                        
                   <majority>9</majority>
                                        
                   <minority>0</minority>
                                    
            </votes>
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         <titleInfo>
              <title>Furman v. Georgia, 408 U.S. 238 (1972)</title>
              <partNumber>408 U.S. 238</partNumber>
              <partName>Case</partName>
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              <topic>Juries</topic>
              <topic>Evidence</topic>
              <topic>Rape</topic>
              <topic>Homicide</topic>
              <topic>Discrimination</topic>
              <topic>Human Rights and Civil Liberties</topic>
              <topic>Capital Punishment</topic>
              <topic>Cruel and Unusual Punishment</topic>
              <topic>Criminal Procedure</topic>
              <topic>Crimes Against Women</topic>
              <topic>Crime and Law Enforcement</topic>
              <topic>Sex Offenses</topic>
              <topic>Constitutional Law</topic>
              <topic>Legislative Powers</topic>
              <topic>Cruel and Unusual Punishment, Death Penalty (Cf. Extra Legal Jury Influence, Death Rights) Penalty)</topic>
              <topic>Criminal Procedure</topic>
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              <pagePosition>1</pagePosition>
              <decisionDate>1972-06-29</decisionDate>
              <courtTerm>1971</courtTerm>
              <usCitation>408 U.S. 238</usCitation>
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                   <topic>Juries</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Evidence</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Rape</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Homicide</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Discrimination</topic>
                                        
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                   <topic>Crime and Law Enforcement</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Sex Offenses</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Constitutional Law</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Legislative Powers</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <subject authority="scdb" uri="http://scdb.wustl.edu/documentation.php?var=issue">
                                        
                   <topic>Cruel and Unusual Punishment, Death Penalty (Cf. Extra Legal Jury Influence, Death Rights) Penalty)</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Criminal Procedure</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <docketId>1971-170-01</docketId>
              <petitioner>Person convicted of crime</petitioner>
              <respondent state="Georgia">State</respondent>
              <jurisdiction>Cert</jurisdiction>
              <caseOrigin state="Georgia">State Trial Court</caseOrigin>
              <caseSource state="Georgia">State Supreme Court</caseSource>
              <certReason>No reason given</certReason>
              <chiefJustice>Warren Earl Burger</chiefJustice>
              <dateArgument>1972-01-17</dateArgument>
              <authorityDecision>Judicial review (state level)</authorityDecision>
              <law>
                                        
                   <type>Constitutional Amendment</type>
                                        
                   <legalProvisions>Eighth Amendment (cruel and unusual punishment)</legalProvisions>
                                    
            </law>
              <decisionType>Per curiam (orally argued)</decisionType>
              <unconstitutionality>State or territorial law, reg, or const provision unconstitutional</unconstitutionality>
              <disposition>Reversed and remanded</disposition>
              <partyWinning>Petitioning party received a favorable disposition</partyWinning>
              <majorityOpinion>
                                        
                   <assigner>William Orville Douglas</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
              <votes>
                                        
                   <majority>5</majority>
                                        
                   <minority>4</minority>
                                    
            </votes>
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         <titleInfo>
              <title>Morrissey v. Brewer, 408 U.S. 471 (1972)</title>
              <partNumber>408 U.S. 471</partNumber>
              <partName>Case</partName>
        </titleInfo>
         <identifier type="uri">https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/USREPORTS-408/USREPORTS-408-471</identifier>
         <identifier type="preferred citation">408 U.S. 471 (1972)</identifier>
         <identifier type="United States Reports citation">408 U.S. 471</identifier>
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         <subject>
              <topic>Restrictions</topic>
              <topic>Habeas Corpus</topic>
              <topic>Due Process</topic>
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              <topic>Forgery</topic>
              <topic>Discretion</topic>
              <topic>Parole Officers</topic>
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              <topic>Legal Remedies</topic>
              <topic>Competing Interests</topic>
              <topic>Criminal Procedure</topic>
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              <topic>Probation and Parole</topic>
              <topic>Sentencing</topic>
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              <topic>White-Collar Crime</topic>
              <topic>Law Enforcement Officers</topic>
              <topic>Constitutional Law</topic>
              <topic>Criminal Law and Procedure</topic>
              <topic>Parole Violations</topic>
              <topic>Independent Officer</topic>
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                   <topic>Restrictions</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Habeas Corpus</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Due Process</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Human Rights and Civil Liberties</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Forgery</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Discretion</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Parole Officers</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Correctional Facilities and Imprisonment</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Legal Remedies</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Competing Interests</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Criminal Procedure</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Parolees</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Probation and Parole</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Sentencing</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Crime and Law Enforcement</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>White-Collar Crime</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Law Enforcement Officers</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Constitutional Law</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Criminal Law and Procedure</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Parole Violations</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Independent Officer</topic>
                                    
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                   <topic>Due Process: Prisoners&apos; Rights and Defendants&apos; Rights</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Due Process</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <docketId>1971-171-01</docketId>
              <petitioner>Probationer, or parolee</petitioner>
              <respondent state="Iowa">State</respondent>
              <jurisdiction>Cert</jurisdiction>
              <adminAction state="Iowa">State Agency</adminAction>
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                   <type>Constitutional Amendment</type>
                                        
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              <disposition>Reversed and remanded</disposition>
              <partyWinning>Petitioning party received a favorable disposition</partyWinning>
              <majorityOpinion>
                                        
                   <writer>Warren Earl Burger</writer>
                                        
                   <assigner>Warren Earl Burger</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
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                   <majority>9</majority>
                                        
                   <minority>0</minority>
                                    
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              <topic>Government</topic>
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              <topic>Legislative Process</topic>
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              <topic>Legislators</topic>
              <topic>Members of Congress</topic>
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              <topic>Constitutional Law</topic>
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                   <topic>Jurisdiction and Venue</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Self-Incrimination</topic>
                                        
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                   <topic>Corruption, Governmental or Governmental Regulation of Other than as in Campaign Spending</topic>
                                        
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              <docketId>1971-172-01</docketId>
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              <authorityDecision>Judicial review (national level)</authorityDecision>
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                   <type>Constitution</type>
                                        
                   <legalProvisions>Article I, Section 6, Paragraph 1 (speech or debate clause)</legalProvisions>
                                    
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              <majorityOpinion>
                                        
                   <writer>Warren Earl Burger</writer>
                                        
                   <assigner>Warren Earl Burger</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
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                   <majority>6</majority>
                                        
                   <minority>3</minority>
                                    
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         <titleInfo>
              <title>Board of Regents v. Roth, 408 U.S. 564 (1972)</title>
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              <partName>Case</partName>
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              <topic>Deprivation of Liberty</topic>
              <topic>Human Rights and Civil Liberties</topic>
              <topic>Freedom of Speech</topic>
              <topic>Employee Benefits</topic>
              <topic>Constitutional Law</topic>
              <topic>Teachers</topic>
              <topic>Tenure</topic>
              <topic>Protection of Property</topic>
              <topic>Property</topic>
              <topic>Dismissal</topic>
              <topic>Due Process: Hearing, Government Employees</topic>
              <topic>Due Process</topic>
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         <extension>
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                   <topic>Education</topic>
                                        
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                   <topic>Dismissal</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
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                   <topic>Due Process: Hearing, Government Employees</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Due Process</topic>
                                    
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              <docketId>1971-173-01</docketId>
              <petitioner state="Wisconsin">State college or university</petitioner>
              <respondent state="Wisconsin">Governmental employee or job applicant</respondent>
              <jurisdiction>Cert</jurisdiction>
              <adminAction state="Wisconsin">State Agency</adminAction>
              <caseOrigin>Wisconsin Western U.S. District Court</caseOrigin>
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                   <type>Constitutional Amendment</type>
                                        
                   <legalProvisions>Fourteenth Amendment (due process)</legalProvisions>
                                    
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              <disposition>Reversed and remanded</disposition>
              <partyWinning>Petitioning party received a favorable disposition</partyWinning>
              <majorityOpinion>
                                        
                   <writer>Potter Stewart</writer>
                                        
                   <assigner>Warren Earl Burger</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
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                   <majority>5</majority>
                                        
                   <minority>3</minority>
                                    
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         <titleInfo>
              <title>Perry v. Sindermann, 408 U.S. 593 (1971)</title>
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              <topic>Contracts</topic>
              <topic>Employee Benefits</topic>
              <topic>Property Interest</topic>
              <topic>Constitutional Law</topic>
              <topic>Tenure</topic>
              <topic>Due Process: Hearing, Government Employees</topic>
              <topic>Due Process</topic>
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              <courtTerm>1971</courtTerm>
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                   <topic>Due Process: Hearing, Government Employees</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Due Process</topic>
                                    
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              <docketId>1971-174-01</docketId>
              <petitioner state="Texas">State college or university</petitioner>
              <respondent state="Texas">Governmental employee or job applicant</respondent>
              <jurisdiction>Cert</jurisdiction>
              <adminAction state="Texas">State Agency</adminAction>
              <caseOrigin>Texas Western U.S. District Court</caseOrigin>
              <caseSource>U.S. Court of Appeals, Fifth Circuit</caseSource>
              <certReason>No reason given</certReason>
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                   <type>Constitutional Amendment</type>
                                        
                   <legalProvisions>Fourteenth Amendment (due process)</legalProvisions>
                                    
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              <unconstitutionality>No declaration of unconstitutionality</unconstitutionality>
              <disposition>Affirmed (includes modified)</disposition>
              <partyWinning>No favorable disposition for petitioning party apparent</partyWinning>
              <majorityOpinion>
                                        
                   <writer>Potter Stewart</writer>
                                        
                   <assigner>Warren Earl Burger</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
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                   <majority>5</majority>
                                        
                   <minority>3</minority>
                                    
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         <titleInfo>
              <title>Gravel v. United States, 408 U.S. 606 (1972)</title>
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              <partName>Case</partName>
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              <topic>Speech or Debate Clause</topic>
              <topic>Congressional Privilege</topic>
              <topic>Legislative Rules and Procedure</topic>
              <topic>Freedom from Arrest</topic>
              <topic>National Defense</topic>
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              <topic>Officials and Employees</topic>
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                   <topic>First Amendment, Miscellaneous (Cf. Comity: First Amendment)</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>First Amendment</topic>
                                    
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              <docketId>1971-175-01</docketId>
              <petitioner>U.S. Senator</petitioner>
              <respondent>United States</respondent>
              <jurisdiction>Cert</jurisdiction>
              <caseOrigin>Massachusetts U.S. District Court</caseOrigin>
              <caseSource>U.S. Court of Appeals, First Circuit</caseSource>
              <certReason>No reason given</certReason>
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              <dateArgument>1972-04-19</dateArgument>
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                   <type>Constitution</type>
                                        
                   <legalProvisions>Article I, Section 6, Paragraph 1 (speech or debate clause)</legalProvisions>
                                    
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              <disposition>Vacated and remanded</disposition>
              <partyWinning>Petitioning party received a favorable disposition</partyWinning>
              <majorityOpinion>
                                        
                   <writer>Byron Raymond White</writer>
                                        
                   <assigner>Warren Earl Burger</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
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                   <majority>5</majority>
                                        
                   <minority>4</minority>
                                    
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         <titleInfo>
              <title>Branzburg v. Hayes, 408 U.S. 665 (1971)</title>
              <partNumber>408 U.S. 665</partNumber>
              <partName>Case</partName>
        </titleInfo>
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              <topic>Evidence</topic>
              <topic>Sources</topic>
              <topic>Freedom of the Press</topic>
              <topic>News Media and Reporting</topic>
              <topic>Fundamental Personal Rights</topic>
              <topic>Human Rights and Civil Liberties</topic>
              <topic>Witnesses</topic>
              <topic>Freedom of Speech</topic>
              <topic>Drugs and Narcotics</topic>
              <topic>Confidential</topic>
              <topic>Criminal Procedure</topic>
              <topic>Testimonial Privilege</topic>
              <topic>Burden</topic>
              <topic>Identity</topic>
              <topic>Crime and Law Enforcement</topic>
              <topic>Grand Juries</topic>
              <topic>Public Interest</topic>
              <topic>Communications</topic>
              <topic>Constitutional Law</topic>
              <topic>First Amendment, Miscellaneous (Cf. Comity: First Amendment)</topic>
              <topic>First Amendment</topic>
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                   <topic>Juries</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Evidence</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Sources</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Freedom of the Press</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>News Media and Reporting</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Fundamental Personal Rights</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Human Rights and Civil Liberties</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Witnesses</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Freedom of Speech</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Drugs and Narcotics</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Confidential</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Criminal Procedure</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Testimonial Privilege</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Burden</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Identity</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Crime and Law Enforcement</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Grand Juries</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Public Interest</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Communications</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Constitutional Law</topic>
                                    
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                   <topic>First Amendment, Miscellaneous (Cf. Comity: First Amendment)</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>First Amendment</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <docketId>1971-176-01</docketId>
              <petitioner>Journalist, columnist, member of the news media</petitioner>
              <respondent state="Kentucky">State</respondent>
              <jurisdiction>Cert</jurisdiction>
              <caseOrigin state="Kentucky">State Trial Court</caseOrigin>
              <caseSource state="Kentucky">State Supreme Court</caseSource>
              <certReason>No reason given</certReason>
              <chiefJustice>Warren Earl Burger</chiefJustice>
              <dateArgument>1972-02-23</dateArgument>
              <authorityDecision>Judicial review (state level)</authorityDecision>
              <law>
                                        
                   <type>Constitutional Amendment</type>
                                        
                   <legalProvisions>First Amendment (speech, press, and assembly)</legalProvisions>
                                    
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              <decisionType>Opinion of the court (orally argued)</decisionType>
              <unconstitutionality>No declaration of unconstitutionality</unconstitutionality>
              <disposition>Affirmed (includes modified)</disposition>
              <partyWinning>No favorable disposition for petitioning party apparent</partyWinning>
              <majorityOpinion>
                                        
                   <writer>Byron Raymond White</writer>
                                        
                   <assigner>Warren Earl Burger</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
              <votes>
                                        
                   <majority>5</majority>
                                        
                   <minority>4</minority>
                                    
            </votes>
        </extension>
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         <titleInfo>
              <title>Kleindienst v. Mandel, 408 U.S. 753 (1972)</title>
              <partNumber>408 U.S. 753</partNumber>
              <partName>Case</partName>
        </titleInfo>
         <identifier type="uri">https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/USREPORTS-408/USREPORTS-408-753</identifier>
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         <subject>
              <topic>Aliens</topic>
              <topic>Legislative Bodies</topic>
              <topic>Communism</topic>
              <topic>Exclusion</topic>
              <topic>Congressional Power</topic>
              <topic>Due Process</topic>
              <topic>Human Rights and Civil Liberties</topic>
              <topic>Freedom of Speech</topic>
              <topic>Visas and Passports</topic>
              <topic>Immigration</topic>
              <topic>Immigration Law</topic>
              <topic>Constitutional Law</topic>
              <topic>Legislative Powers</topic>
              <topic>Waiver</topic>
              <topic>Federal or State Internal Security Legislation: Smith, Internal Security, and Related Federal Statutes</topic>
              <topic>First Amendment</topic>
        </subject>
         <extension>
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              <granuleClass>CASE</granuleClass>
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              <reportNumber>753</reportNumber>
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              <decisionDate>1972-06-29</decisionDate>
              <courtTerm>1971</courtTerm>
              <usCitation>408 U.S. 753</usCitation>
              <fullCitation>408 U.S. 753 (1972)</fullCitation>
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                   <topic>Aliens</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Legislative Bodies</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Communism</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Exclusion</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Congressional Power</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Due Process</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Human Rights and Civil Liberties</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Freedom of Speech</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Visas and Passports</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Immigration</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Immigration Law</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Constitutional Law</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Legislative Powers</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Waiver</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <subject authority="scdb" uri="http://scdb.wustl.edu/documentation.php?var=issue">
                                        
                   <topic>Federal or State Internal Security Legislation: Smith, Internal Security, and Related Federal Statutes</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>First Amendment</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <docketId>1971-177-01</docketId>
              <petitioner>Attorney general of the United States, or his office</petitioner>
              <respondent>Alien, person subject to a denaturalization proceeding, or one whose citizenship is revoked</respondent>
              <jurisdiction>Appeal</jurisdiction>
              <adminAction>Department of Justice or Attorney General</adminAction>
              <caseOrigin>New York Eastern U.S. District Court</caseOrigin>
              <caseSource>New York Eastern U.S. District Court</caseSource>
              <certReason>Case did not arise on cert or cert not granted</certReason>
              <chiefJustice>Warren Earl Burger</chiefJustice>
              <dateArgument>1972-04-18</dateArgument>
              <authorityDecision>Statutory construction</authorityDecision>
              <law>
                                        
                   <type>Federal Statute</type>
                                        
                   <legalProvisions>Immigration and Naturalization, Immigration, Nationality, or Illegal Immigration Reform and Immigrant Responsibility Acts, as amended</legalProvisions>
                                    
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              <decisionType>Opinion of the court (orally argued)</decisionType>
              <unconstitutionality>No declaration of unconstitutionality</unconstitutionality>
              <disposition>Reversed</disposition>
              <partyWinning>Petitioning party received a favorable disposition</partyWinning>
              <majorityOpinion>
                                        
                   <writer>Harry A. Blackmun</writer>
                                        
                   <assigner>Warren Earl Burger</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
              <votes>
                                        
                   <majority>6</majority>
                                        
                   <minority>3</minority>
                                    
            </votes>
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         <titleInfo>
              <title>Moore v. Illinois, 408 U.S. 786 (1972)</title>
              <partNumber>408 U.S. 786</partNumber>
              <partName>Case</partName>
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         <identifier type="uri">https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/USREPORTS-408/USREPORTS-408-786</identifier>
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              <topic>Witnesses</topic>
              <topic>Due Process</topic>
              <topic>Weapons</topic>
              <topic>Criminal Procedure</topic>
              <topic>Sentencing</topic>
              <topic>Crime and Law Enforcement</topic>
              <topic>Capital Punishment</topic>
              <topic>Testimony</topic>
              <topic>Due Process: Miscellaneous (Cf. Loyalty Oath), the Residual Code</topic>
              <topic>Due Process</topic>
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         <extension>
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              <reportNumber>786</reportNumber>
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              <decisionDate>1972-06-29</decisionDate>
              <courtTerm>1971</courtTerm>
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                   <topic>Juries</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Evidence</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Criminal Law and Procedure</topic>
                                        
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            </subject>
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                   <topic>Due Process: Miscellaneous (Cf. Loyalty Oath), the Residual Code</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Due Process</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <docketId>1971-178-01</docketId>
              <petitioner>Person accused, indicted, or suspected of crime</petitioner>
              <respondent state="Illinois">State</respondent>
              <jurisdiction>Cert</jurisdiction>
              <caseOrigin state="Illinois">State Trial Court</caseOrigin>
              <caseSource state="Illinois">State Supreme Court</caseSource>
              <certReason>To resolve question presented</certReason>
              <chiefJustice>Warren Earl Burger</chiefJustice>
              <dateArgument>1972-01-18</dateArgument>
              <authorityDecision>Judicial review (state level)</authorityDecision>
              <law>
                                        
                   <type>Constitutional Amendment</type>
                                        
                   <legalProvisions>Fourteenth Amendment (due process)</legalProvisions>
                                    
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              <decisionType>Opinion of the court (orally argued)</decisionType>
              <unconstitutionality>No declaration of unconstitutionality</unconstitutionality>
              <disposition>Reversed and remanded</disposition>
              <partyWinning>Petitioning party received a favorable disposition</partyWinning>
              <majorityOpinion>
                                        
                   <writer>Harry A. Blackmun</writer>
                                        
                   <assigner>Warren Earl Burger</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
              <votes>
                                        
                   <majority>5</majority>
                                        
                   <minority>4</minority>
                                    
            </votes>
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         <titleInfo>
              <title>Port of Portland v. United States, 408 U.S. 811 (1972)</title>
              <partNumber>408 U.S. 811</partNumber>
              <partName>Case</partName>
        </titleInfo>
         <identifier type="uri">https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/USREPORTS-408/USREPORTS-408-811</identifier>
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         <subject>
              <topic>Inclusion</topic>
              <topic>Motor Carriers</topic>
              <topic>Transportation and Public Works</topic>
              <topic>Direct Access</topic>
              <topic>Evidence</topic>
              <topic>Line-Haul Carriers</topic>
              <topic>Inland Water Transportation</topic>
              <topic>Mootness</topic>
              <topic>Railroads</topic>
              <topic>Transportation Costs</topic>
              <topic>Business and Corporate Law</topic>
              <topic>Commerce</topic>
              <topic>Public Interest</topic>
              <topic>Trackage Rights</topic>
              <topic>Adverse Effect</topic>
              <topic>Mergers</topic>
              <topic>Economic Activity</topic>
        </subject>
         <extension>
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              <accessId>USREPORTS-408-811</accessId>
              <reportNumber>811</reportNumber>
              <sequenceNumber>26</sequenceNumber>
              <pagePosition>1</pagePosition>
              <decisionDate>1972-06-29</decisionDate>
              <courtTerm>1971</courtTerm>
              <usCitation>408 U.S. 811</usCitation>
              <fullCitation>408 U.S. 811 (1972)</fullCitation>
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                   <topic>Inclusion</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Motor Carriers</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Transportation and Public Works</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Direct Access</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Evidence</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Line-Haul Carriers</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Inland Water Transportation</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Mootness</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Railroads</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Transportation Costs</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Business and Corporate Law</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Commerce</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Public Interest</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Trackage Rights</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Adverse Effect</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
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                   <topic>Mergers</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Economic Activity</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <docketId>1971-179-01</docketId>
              <petitioner>Railroad</petitioner>
              <respondent>United States</respondent>
              <jurisdiction>Appeal</jurisdiction>
              <adminAction>Interstate Commerce Commission</adminAction>
              <caseOrigin>Oregon U.S. District Court</caseOrigin>
              <caseSource>Oregon U.S. District Court</caseSource>
              <certReason>Case did not arise on cert or cert not granted</certReason>
              <chiefJustice>Warren Earl Burger</chiefJustice>
              <dateArgument>1971-10-20</dateArgument>
              <authorityDecision>Interpretation of administrative regulation or rule, or executive order</authorityDecision>
              <law>
                                        
                   <type>Federal Statute</type>
                                        
                   <legalProvisions>Interstate Commerce, as amended</legalProvisions>
                                    
            </law>
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              <unconstitutionality>No declaration of unconstitutionality</unconstitutionality>
              <disposition>Reversed and remanded</disposition>
              <partyWinning>Petitioning party received a favorable disposition</partyWinning>
              <majorityOpinion>
                                        
                   <writer>Harry A. Blackmun</writer>
                                        
                   <assigner>Warren Earl Burger</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
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                   <majority>7</majority>
                                        
                   <minority>0</minority>
                                    
            </votes>
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         <titleInfo>
              <title>Stewart v. Massachusetts, 408 U.S. 845 (1972)</title>
              <partNumber>408 U.S. 845</partNumber>
              <partName>Case</partName>
        </titleInfo>
         <identifier type="uri">https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/USREPORTS-408/USREPORTS-408-845</identifier>
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              <topic>Human Rights and Civil Liberties</topic>
              <topic>Constitutional Law</topic>
              <topic>Sentencing</topic>
              <topic>Capital Punishment</topic>
              <topic>Cruel and Unusual Punishment, Death Penalty (Cf. Extra Legal Jury Influence, Death Rights) Penalty)</topic>
              <topic>Criminal Procedure</topic>
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              <decisionDate>1972-06-29</decisionDate>
              <courtTerm>1971</courtTerm>
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              <fullCitation>408 U.S. 845 (1972)</fullCitation>
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                   <topic>Cruel and Unusual Punishment</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Crime and Law Enforcement</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Human Rights and Civil Liberties</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Constitutional Law</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Sentencing</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Capital Punishment</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
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                   <topic>Cruel and Unusual Punishment, Death Penalty (Cf. Extra Legal Jury Influence, Death Rights) Penalty)</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Criminal Procedure</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <docketId>1971-180-01</docketId>
              <petitioner>Person convicted of crime</petitioner>
              <respondent state="Massachusetts">State</respondent>
              <jurisdiction>Appeal</jurisdiction>
              <caseOrigin state="Massachusetts">State Trial Court</caseOrigin>
              <caseSource state="Massachusetts">State Supreme Court</caseSource>
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                   <type>Constitutional Amendment</type>
                                        
                   <legalProvisions>Eighth Amendment (cruel and unusual punishment)</legalProvisions>
                                    
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              <partyWinning>Petitioning party received a favorable disposition</partyWinning>
              <majorityOpinion>
                                        
                   <assigner>Warren Earl Burger</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
              <votes>
                                        
                   <majority>9</majority>
                                        
                   <minority>0</minority>
                                    
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