<mods xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3" version="3.3" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3 http://www.loc.gov/standards/mods/v3/mods-3-3.xsd" ID="P0b002ee1d4ae81e5">
    <name type="corporate">
         <namePart>United States Government Publishing Office</namePart>
         <role>
              <roleTerm authority="marcrelator" type="text">publisher</roleTerm>
              <roleTerm authority="marcrelator" type="code">pbl</roleTerm>
        </role>
         <role>
              <roleTerm authority="marcrelator" type="text">distributor</roleTerm>
              <roleTerm authority="marcrelator" type="code">dst</roleTerm>
        </role>
    </name>
    <name type="corporate">
         <namePart>United States</namePart>
         <namePart>United States Supreme Court</namePart>
         <role>
              <roleTerm authority="marcrelator" type="text">author</roleTerm>
              <roleTerm authority="marcrelator" type="code">aut</roleTerm>
        </role>
         <description>Government Organization</description>
    </name>
    <typeOfResource>text</typeOfResource>
    <genre authority="marcgt">government publication</genre>
    <language>
         <languageTerm type="code" authority="iso639-2b">eng</languageTerm>
    </language>
    <extension>
         <collectionCode>USREPORTS</collectionCode>
         <category>Judicial Publications</category>
         <branch>judicial</branch>
         <dateIngested>2025-07-06</dateIngested>
    </extension>
    <titleInfo>
         <title>United States reports : cases adjudged in the Supreme Court at October term, 1944, from April 23, 1945 (concluded) to and including (in part) June 18, 1945</title>
    </titleInfo>
    <classification authority="sudocs">JU 6.8/1:325</classification>
    <name type="corporate">
         <namePart>United States</namePart>
         <namePart>Supreme Court</namePart>
         <role>
              <roleTerm authority="marcrelator" type="text">author</roleTerm>
              <roleTerm authority="marcrelator" type="code">aut</roleTerm>
        </role>
    </name>
    <identifier type="uri">https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/USREPORTS-325</identifier>
    <location>
         <url displayLabel="Content Detail" access="object in context">https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/USREPORTS-325</url>
         <url displayLabel="PDF rendition" access="raw object">https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/USREPORTS-325/pdf/USREPORTS-325.pdf</url>
         <url displayLabel="Text rendition" access="raw object">https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/USREPORTS-325/text/USREPORTS-325.txt</url>
    </location>
    <extension>
         <searchtitle>United States reports : cases adjudged in the Supreme Court at October term, 1944, from April 23, 1945 (concluded) to and including (in part) June 18, 1945</searchtitle>
         <docClass>USREPORTS</docClass>
         <accessId>USREPORTS-325</accessId>
         <volume>325</volume>
         <dateIssued notSpecified="day-month">1946</dateIssued>
         <courtTerm>1944</courtTerm>
    </extension>
                            
    <titleInfo>
                                    
         <title>United States reports, 325</title>
                                    
         <subTitle>cases adjudged in the Supreme Court at</subTitle>
                                
    </titleInfo>
                            
    <titleInfo type="alternative">
                                    
         <title>Cases adjudged in the Supreme Court at</title>
                                
    </titleInfo>
                            
    <titleInfo displayLabel="Also known as:" type="alternative">
                                    
         <title>U.S. reports</title>
                                
    </titleInfo>
                            
    <titleInfo type="uniform">
                                    
         <title>United States reports (Washington, D.C.)</title>
                                
    </titleInfo>
                            
    <name type="corporate">
                                    
         <namePart>United States</namePart>
                                    
         <namePart>Supreme Court.</namePart>
                                    
         <role>
                                            
              <roleTerm authority="marcrelator" type="text">creator</roleTerm>
                                        
        </role>
                                
    </name>
                            
    <typeOfResource>text</typeOfResource>
                            
    <genre authority="marcgt">law report or digest</genre>
                            
    <genre authority="fast">Digests.</genre>
                            
    <genre authority="fast">Periodicals.</genre>
                            
    <originInfo>
                                    
         <place>
                                            
              <placeTerm authority="marccountry" type="code">dcu</placeTerm>
                                        
        </place>
                                    
         <place>
                                            
              <placeTerm type="text">Washington, D.C.]</placeTerm>
                                        
        </place>
                                    
         <publisher>U.S. Supreme Court</publisher>
                                    
         <dateIssued>1946</dateIssued>
                                    
         <dateCreated encoding="marc" point="start">1883</dateCreated>
                                    
         <dateCreated encoding="marc" point="end">9999</dateCreated>
                                    
         <issuance>continuing</issuance>
                                    
         <frequency>Irregular</frequency>
                                
    </originInfo>
                            
    <language>
                                    
         <languageTerm authority="iso639-2b" type="code">eng</languageTerm>
                                
    </language>
                            
    <physicalDescription>
                                    
         <extent>1 online resource (volumes)</extent>
                                
    </physicalDescription>
                            
    <note type="date/sequential designation">Print began with: [Vol. 108] (Oct. term 1882 ... Oct. term 1883).</note>
                            
    <subject>
                                    
         <geographicCode authority="marcgac">n-us---</geographicCode>
                                
    </subject>
                            
    <subject authority="lcsh">
                                    
         <name type="corporate">
                                            
              <namePart>United States.</namePart>
                                            
              <namePart>Supreme Court</namePart>
                                        
        </name>
                                    
         <genre>Periodicals</genre>
                                
    </subject>
                            
    <subject authority="lcsh">
                                    
         <topic>Law reports, digests, etc</topic>
                                    
         <geographic>United States</geographic>
                                
    </subject>
                            
    <subject authority="lcsh">
                                    
         <topic>Constitutional law</topic>
                                    
         <geographic>United States</geographic>
                                    
         <genre>Digests</genre>
                                
    </subject>
                            
    <subject authority="lcsh">
                                    
         <topic>Judicial opinions</topic>
                                    
         <geographic>United States</geographic>
                                
    </subject>
                            
    <subject authority="fast">
                                    
         <name type="corporate">
                                            
              <namePart>United States.</namePart>
                                            
              <namePart>Supreme Court.</namePart>
                                        
        </name>
                                
    </subject>
                            
    <subject authority="fast">
                                    
         <topic>Constitutional law</topic>
                                
    </subject>
                            
    <subject authority="fast">
                                    
         <topic>Judicial opinions</topic>
                                
    </subject>
                            
    <subject authority="fast">
                                    
         <topic>Law reports, digests, etc</topic>
                                
    </subject>
                            
    <subject authority="fast">
                                    
         <geographic>United States</geographic>
                                
    </subject>
                            
    <classification authority="lcc">ISSN RECORD</classification>
                            
    <classification authority="ddc" edition="14">348</classification>
                            
    <classification authority="sudocs">JU 6.8/1:325</classification>
                            
    <relatedItem displayLabel="Print version:" type="otherFormat">
                                    
         <titleInfo>
                                            
              <title>United States reports</title>
                                        
        </titleInfo>
                                    
         <name>
                                            
              <namePart>United States. Supreme Court.</namePart>
                                        
        </name>
                                    
         <identifier type="issn">0891-6845</identifier>
                                    
         <identifier type="local">(DLC) 01026074</identifier>
                                    
         <identifier type="local">(OCoLC)4384322</identifier>
                                
    </relatedItem>
                            
    <relatedItem displayLabel="Microfiche version:" type="otherFormat">
                                    
         <titleInfo>
                                            
              <title>United States reports</title>
                                        
        </titleInfo>
                                    
         <name>
                                            
              <namePart>United States. Supreme Court.</namePart>
                                        
        </name>
                                    
         <identifier type="local">(OCoLC)26859335</identifier>
                                
    </relatedItem>
                            
    <identifier type="sudoc-item-number">0741-A (online)</identifier>
                            
    <identifier type="issn">2150-2331</identifier>
                            
    <identifier type="lccn">2009231052</identifier>
                            
    <location>
                                    
         <url displayLabel="Vol. 502, 1991 term-" usage="primary display">https://purl.fdlp.gov/GPO/LPS30185</url>
                                
    </location>
                            
    <location>
                                    
         <url displayLabel="Vol. 502, 1991 term-">http://www.supremecourt.gov/opinions/boundvolumes.aspx</url>
                                
    </location>
                            
    <location>
                                    
         <url displayLabel="Vol. 502, 1991 term-vol. 552, 2007 term (UNT Digital Library)">https://purl.fdlp.gov/GPO/gpo54225</url>
                                
    </location>
                            
    <location>
                                    
         <url displayLabel="Vol. 502, 1991 term-vol. 552, 2007 term (UNT Digital Library)">https://digital.library.unt.edu/explore/collections/USREP/browse/</url>
                                
    </location>
                            
    <location>
                                    
         <url displayLabel="[Vol.] 108, Oct. term 1882-vol. 542, 2003 term (Library of Congress Digital Collections by agreement with the William S. Hein &amp; Co., Inc.)">https://purl.fdlp.gov/GPO/gpo94050</url>
                                
    </location>
                            
    <location>
                                    
         <url displayLabel="[Vol.] 108, Oct. term 1882-vol. 542, 2003 term (Library of Congress Digital Collections by agreement with the William S. Hein &amp; Co., Inc.)">https://www.loc.gov/collections/united-states-reports/</url>
                                
    </location>
                            
    <location>
                                    
         <url displayLabel="(online)">https://catalog.gpo.gov/fdlpdir/locate.jsp?ItemNumber=0741-A&amp;SYS=000641007</url>
                                
    </location>
                        
    <originInfo>
         <publisher>U.S. Government Printing Office</publisher>
         <dateIssued encoding="w3cdtf">1946-01-01</dateIssued>
         <issuance>continuing</issuance>
         <frequency authority="marcfrequency">Completely irregular</frequency>
    </originInfo>
    <physicalDescription>
         <note type="source content type">converted</note>
         <digitalOrigin>reformatted digital</digitalOrigin>
         <extent>996 digital object pages</extent>
    </physicalDescription>
    <classification authority="sudocs">JU 6.8/1:325</classification>
    <identifier type="uri">https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/USREPORTS-325</identifier>
    <identifier type="local">P0b002ee1d4ae81e5</identifier>
    <identifier type="ILS system id">000641007</identifier>
    <recordInfo>
         <recordContentSource authority="marcorg">DGPO</recordContentSource>
         <recordCreationDate encoding="w3cdtf">2025-07-06</recordCreationDate>
         <recordChangeDate encoding="w3cdtf">2025-07-07</recordChangeDate>
         <recordIdentifier source="DGPO">USREPORTS-325</recordIdentifier>
         <recordOrigin>machine generated</recordOrigin>
         <languageOfCataloging>
              <languageTerm type="code" authority="iso639-2b">eng</languageTerm>
        </languageOfCataloging>
    </recordInfo>
    <accessCondition type="GPO scope determination">fdlp</accessCondition>
    <extension>
         <docClass>USREPORTS</docClass>
         <accessId>USREPORTS-325</accessId>
         <volume>325</volume>
         <dateIssued notSpecified="day-month">1946</dateIssued>
         <courtTerm>1944</courtTerm>
    </extension>
    <relatedItem type="constituent" ID="id-USREPORTS-325-FrontMatter-4" xlink:href="https://www.govinfo.gov/metadata/granule/USREPORTS-325/USREPORTS-325-FrontMatter-4/mods.xml">
         <titleInfo>
              <title>Title Page</title>
              <partName>Front Matter</partName>
        </titleInfo>
         <identifier type="uri">https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/USREPORTS-325/USREPORTS-325-FrontMatter-4</identifier>
         <relatedItem type="otherFormat" xlink:href="https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/USREPORTS-325/pdf/USREPORTS-325-FrontMatter-4.pdf">
              <identifier type="FDsys Unique ID">D09002ee1d4d044b5</identifier>
        </relatedItem>
         <extension>
              <searchTitle>United States reports : cases adjudged in the Supreme Court at October term, 1944, from April 23, 1945 (concluded) to and including (in part) June 18, 1945;Title Page</searchTitle>
              <granuleClass>FRONTMATTER</granuleClass>
              <accessId>USREPORTS-325-FrontMatter-4</accessId>
              <sequenceNumber>1</sequenceNumber>
              <pagePosition>1</pagePosition>
        </extension>
         <location>
              <url displayLabel="Content Detail" access="object in context">https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/USREPORTS-325/USREPORTS-325-FrontMatter-4</url>
              <url access="raw object" displayLabel="PDF rendition">https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/USREPORTS-325/pdf/USREPORTS-325-FrontMatter-4.pdf</url>
        </location>
    </relatedItem>
    <relatedItem type="constituent" ID="id-USREPORTS-325-FrontMatter" xlink:href="https://www.govinfo.gov/metadata/granule/USREPORTS-325/USREPORTS-325-FrontMatter/mods.xml">
         <titleInfo>
              <title>Errata</title>
              <partName>Front Matter</partName>
        </titleInfo>
         <identifier type="uri">https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/USREPORTS-325/USREPORTS-325-FrontMatter</identifier>
         <relatedItem type="otherFormat" xlink:href="https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/USREPORTS-325/pdf/USREPORTS-325-FrontMatter.pdf">
              <identifier type="FDsys Unique ID">D09002ee1d4d044dd</identifier>
        </relatedItem>
         <extension>
              <searchTitle>United States reports : cases adjudged in the Supreme Court at October term, 1944, from April 23, 1945 (concluded) to and including (in part) June 18, 1945;Errata</searchTitle>
              <granuleClass>FRONTMATTER</granuleClass>
              <accessId>USREPORTS-325-FrontMatter</accessId>
              <sequenceNumber>2</sequenceNumber>
              <pagePosition>1</pagePosition>
        </extension>
         <location>
              <url displayLabel="Content Detail" access="object in context">https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/USREPORTS-325/USREPORTS-325-FrontMatter</url>
              <url access="raw object" displayLabel="PDF rendition">https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/USREPORTS-325/pdf/USREPORTS-325-FrontMatter.pdf</url>
        </location>
    </relatedItem>
    <relatedItem type="constituent" ID="id-USREPORTS-325-FrontMatter-7" xlink:href="https://www.govinfo.gov/metadata/granule/USREPORTS-325/USREPORTS-325-FrontMatter-7/mods.xml">
         <titleInfo>
              <title>Justices of the Supreme Court</title>
              <partName>Front Matter</partName>
        </titleInfo>
         <identifier type="uri">https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/USREPORTS-325/USREPORTS-325-FrontMatter-7</identifier>
         <relatedItem type="otherFormat" xlink:href="https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/USREPORTS-325/pdf/USREPORTS-325-FrontMatter-7.pdf">
              <identifier type="FDsys Unique ID">D09002ee1d4d044d0</identifier>
        </relatedItem>
         <extension>
              <searchTitle>United States reports : cases adjudged in the Supreme Court at October term, 1944, from April 23, 1945 (concluded) to and including (in part) June 18, 1945;Justices of the Supreme Court</searchTitle>
              <granuleClass>FRONTMATTER</granuleClass>
              <accessId>USREPORTS-325-FrontMatter-7</accessId>
              <sequenceNumber>3</sequenceNumber>
              <pagePosition>1</pagePosition>
        </extension>
         <location>
              <url displayLabel="Content Detail" access="object in context">https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/USREPORTS-325/USREPORTS-325-FrontMatter-7</url>
              <url access="raw object" displayLabel="PDF rendition">https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/USREPORTS-325/pdf/USREPORTS-325-FrontMatter-7.pdf</url>
        </location>
    </relatedItem>
    <relatedItem type="constituent" ID="id-USREPORTS-325-FrontMatter-2" xlink:href="https://www.govinfo.gov/metadata/granule/USREPORTS-325/USREPORTS-325-FrontMatter-2/mods.xml">
         <titleInfo>
              <title>Supreme Court of the United States</title>
              <partName>Front Matter</partName>
        </titleInfo>
         <identifier type="uri">https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/USREPORTS-325/USREPORTS-325-FrontMatter-2</identifier>
         <relatedItem type="otherFormat" xlink:href="https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/USREPORTS-325/pdf/USREPORTS-325-FrontMatter-2.pdf">
              <identifier type="FDsys Unique ID">D09002ee1d4d044a4</identifier>
        </relatedItem>
         <extension>
              <searchTitle>United States reports : cases adjudged in the Supreme Court at October term, 1944, from April 23, 1945 (concluded) to and including (in part) June 18, 1945;Supreme Court of the United States</searchTitle>
              <granuleClass>FRONTMATTER</granuleClass>
              <accessId>USREPORTS-325-FrontMatter-2</accessId>
              <sequenceNumber>4</sequenceNumber>
              <pagePosition>1</pagePosition>
        </extension>
         <location>
              <url displayLabel="Content Detail" access="object in context">https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/USREPORTS-325/USREPORTS-325-FrontMatter-2</url>
              <url access="raw object" displayLabel="PDF rendition">https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/USREPORTS-325/pdf/USREPORTS-325-FrontMatter-2.pdf</url>
        </location>
    </relatedItem>
    <relatedItem type="constituent" ID="id-USREPORTS-325-FrontMatter-5" xlink:href="https://www.govinfo.gov/metadata/granule/USREPORTS-325/USREPORTS-325-FrontMatter-5/mods.xml">
         <titleInfo>
              <title>Table of Cases Reported</title>
              <partName>Front Matter</partName>
        </titleInfo>
         <identifier type="uri">https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/USREPORTS-325/USREPORTS-325-FrontMatter-5</identifier>
         <relatedItem type="otherFormat" xlink:href="https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/USREPORTS-325/pdf/USREPORTS-325-FrontMatter-5.pdf">
              <identifier type="FDsys Unique ID">D09002ee1d4d0444f</identifier>
        </relatedItem>
         <extension>
              <searchTitle>United States reports : cases adjudged in the Supreme Court at October term, 1944, from April 23, 1945 (concluded) to and including (in part) June 18, 1945;Table of Cases Reported</searchTitle>
              <granuleClass>FRONTMATTER</granuleClass>
              <accessId>USREPORTS-325-FrontMatter-5</accessId>
              <sequenceNumber>5</sequenceNumber>
              <pagePosition>1</pagePosition>
        </extension>
         <location>
              <url displayLabel="Content Detail" access="object in context">https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/USREPORTS-325/USREPORTS-325-FrontMatter-5</url>
              <url access="raw object" displayLabel="PDF rendition">https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/USREPORTS-325/pdf/USREPORTS-325-FrontMatter-5.pdf</url>
        </location>
    </relatedItem>
    <relatedItem type="constituent" ID="id-USREPORTS-325-FrontMatter-3" xlink:href="https://www.govinfo.gov/metadata/granule/USREPORTS-325/USREPORTS-325-FrontMatter-3/mods.xml">
         <titleInfo>
              <title>Table of Cases Cited</title>
              <partName>Front Matter</partName>
        </titleInfo>
         <identifier type="uri">https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/USREPORTS-325/USREPORTS-325-FrontMatter-3</identifier>
         <relatedItem type="otherFormat" xlink:href="https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/USREPORTS-325/pdf/USREPORTS-325-FrontMatter-3.pdf">
              <identifier type="FDsys Unique ID">D09002ee1d4d0444b</identifier>
        </relatedItem>
         <extension>
              <searchTitle>United States reports : cases adjudged in the Supreme Court at October term, 1944, from April 23, 1945 (concluded) to and including (in part) June 18, 1945;Table of Cases Cited</searchTitle>
              <granuleClass>FRONTMATTER</granuleClass>
              <accessId>USREPORTS-325-FrontMatter-3</accessId>
              <sequenceNumber>6</sequenceNumber>
              <pagePosition>1</pagePosition>
        </extension>
         <location>
              <url displayLabel="Content Detail" access="object in context">https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/USREPORTS-325/USREPORTS-325-FrontMatter-3</url>
              <url access="raw object" displayLabel="PDF rendition">https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/USREPORTS-325/pdf/USREPORTS-325-FrontMatter-3.pdf</url>
        </location>
    </relatedItem>
    <relatedItem type="constituent" ID="id-USREPORTS-325-FrontMatter-6" xlink:href="https://www.govinfo.gov/metadata/granule/USREPORTS-325/USREPORTS-325-FrontMatter-6/mods.xml">
         <titleInfo>
              <title>Table of Statutes Cited</title>
              <partName>Front Matter</partName>
        </titleInfo>
         <identifier type="uri">https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/USREPORTS-325/USREPORTS-325-FrontMatter-6</identifier>
         <relatedItem type="otherFormat" xlink:href="https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/USREPORTS-325/pdf/USREPORTS-325-FrontMatter-6.pdf">
              <identifier type="FDsys Unique ID">D09002ee1d4d044b6</identifier>
        </relatedItem>
         <extension>
              <searchTitle>United States reports : cases adjudged in the Supreme Court at October term, 1944, from April 23, 1945 (concluded) to and including (in part) June 18, 1945;Table of Statutes Cited</searchTitle>
              <granuleClass>FRONTMATTER</granuleClass>
              <accessId>USREPORTS-325-FrontMatter-6</accessId>
              <sequenceNumber>7</sequenceNumber>
              <pagePosition>1</pagePosition>
        </extension>
         <location>
              <url displayLabel="Content Detail" access="object in context">https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/USREPORTS-325/USREPORTS-325-FrontMatter-6</url>
              <url access="raw object" displayLabel="PDF rendition">https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/USREPORTS-325/pdf/USREPORTS-325-FrontMatter-6.pdf</url>
        </location>
    </relatedItem>
    <relatedItem type="constituent" ID="id-USREPORTS-325-1" xlink:href="https://www.govinfo.gov/metadata/granule/USREPORTS-325/USREPORTS-325-1/mods.xml">
         <titleInfo>
              <title>Cramer v. United States, 325 U.S. 1 (1945)</title>
              <partNumber>325 U.S. 1</partNumber>
              <partName>Case</partName>
        </titleInfo>
         <identifier type="uri">https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/USREPORTS-325/USREPORTS-325-1</identifier>
         <identifier type="preferred citation">325 U.S. 1 (1945)</identifier>
         <identifier type="United States Reports citation">325 U.S. 1</identifier>
         <relatedItem type="otherFormat" xlink:href="https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/USREPORTS-325/pdf/USREPORTS-325-1.pdf">
              <identifier type="FDsys Unique ID">D09002ee1d4d044cd</identifier>
        </relatedItem>
         <subject>
              <topic>West Europe</topic>
              <topic>International Affairs</topic>
              <topic>Criminal Law and Procedure</topic>
              <topic>Federal Bureau of Investigation (F.B.I.)</topic>
              <topic>Sabotage</topic>
              <topic>Nazi Party</topic>
              <topic>Germany</topic>
              <topic>Constitutional Construction</topic>
              <topic>Crime and Law Enforcement</topic>
              <topic>National Socialist Movement</topic>
              <topic>World War II</topic>
              <topic>National Security</topic>
              <topic>Treason</topic>
              <topic>Treasonable Intent</topic>
              <topic>Statutory Construction of Criminal Laws: War Crimes</topic>
              <topic>Criminal Procedure</topic>
        </subject>
         <extension>
              <searchTitle>United States reports : cases adjudged in the Supreme Court at October term, 1944, from April 23, 1945 (concluded) to and including (in part) June 18, 1945;Cramer v. United States, 325 U.S. 1 (1945);325 U.S. 1</searchTitle>
              <granuleClass>CASE</granuleClass>
              <accessId>USREPORTS-325-1</accessId>
              <reportNumber>1</reportNumber>
              <sequenceNumber>8</sequenceNumber>
              <pagePosition>1</pagePosition>
              <decisionDate>1945-04-23</decisionDate>
              <courtTerm>1944</courtTerm>
              <usCitation>325 U.S. 1</usCitation>
              <fullCitation>325 U.S. 1 (1945)</fullCitation>
              <subject authority="llc" uri="https://www.loc.gov/research-centers/law-library-of-congress/about-this-research-center">
                                        
                   <topic>West Europe</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>International Affairs</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Criminal Law and Procedure</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Federal Bureau of Investigation (F.B.I.)</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Sabotage</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Nazi Party</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Germany</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Constitutional Construction</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Crime and Law Enforcement</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>National Socialist Movement</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>World War II</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>National Security</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Treason</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Treasonable Intent</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <subject authority="scdb" uri="http://scdb.wustl.edu/documentation.php?var=issue">
                                        
                   <topic>Statutory Construction of Criminal Laws: War Crimes</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Criminal Procedure</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <docketId>1944-040-01</docketId>
              <petitioner>Person convicted of crime</petitioner>
              <respondent>United States</respondent>
              <jurisdiction>Cert</jurisdiction>
              <caseOrigin>New York Southern U.S. District Court</caseOrigin>
              <caseSource>U.S. Court of Appeals, Second Circuit</caseSource>
              <certReason>Federal court conflict</certReason>
              <chiefJustice>Harlan Fiske Stone</chiefJustice>
              <dateArgument>1944-03-09</dateArgument>
              <dateRearg>1944-11-06</dateRearg>
              <authorityDecision>Supreme Court supervision of lower federal or state courts or original jurisdiction</authorityDecision>
              <law>
                                        
                   <type>No Legal Provision</type>
                                        
                   <legalProvisions>No Legal Provision</legalProvisions>
                                    
            </law>
              <decisionType>Opinion of the court (orally argued)</decisionType>
              <unconstitutionality>No declaration of unconstitutionality</unconstitutionality>
              <disposition>Reversed</disposition>
              <partyWinning>Petitioning party received a favorable disposition</partyWinning>
              <majorityOpinion>
                                        
                   <writer>Robert Houghwout Jackson</writer>
                                        
                   <assigner>Owen Josephus Roberts</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
              <votes>
                                        
                   <majority>5</majority>
                                        
                   <minority>4</minority>
                                    
            </votes>
        </extension>
         <location>
              <url displayLabel="Content Detail" access="object in context">https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/USREPORTS-325/USREPORTS-325-1</url>
              <url access="raw object" displayLabel="PDF rendition">https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/USREPORTS-325/pdf/USREPORTS-325-1.pdf</url>
        </location>
    </relatedItem>
    <relatedItem type="constituent" ID="id-USREPORTS-325-77" xlink:href="https://www.govinfo.gov/metadata/granule/USREPORTS-325/USREPORTS-325-77/mods.xml">
         <titleInfo>
              <title>Herb v. Pitcairn, 325 U.S. 77 (1945)</title>
              <partNumber>325 U.S. 77</partNumber>
              <partName>Case</partName>
        </titleInfo>
         <identifier type="uri">https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/USREPORTS-325/USREPORTS-325-77</identifier>
         <identifier type="preferred citation">325 U.S. 77 (1945)</identifier>
         <identifier type="United States Reports citation">325 U.S. 77</identifier>
         <relatedItem type="otherFormat" xlink:href="https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/USREPORTS-325/pdf/USREPORTS-325-77.pdf">
              <identifier type="FDsys Unique ID">D09002ee1d4d044c5</identifier>
        </relatedItem>
         <subject>
              <topic>State and Local Laws</topic>
              <topic>Labor-Management Relations</topic>
              <topic>Limitation of Actions</topic>
              <topic>Labor and Employment Law</topic>
              <topic>Labor</topic>
              <topic>Civil Procedure</topic>
              <topic>Federal Employers&apos; Liability Act</topic>
              <topic>Judicial Administration: Untimely Filing</topic>
              <topic>Judicial Power</topic>
        </subject>
         <extension>
              <searchTitle>United States reports : cases adjudged in the Supreme Court at October term, 1944, from April 23, 1945 (concluded) to and including (in part) June 18, 1945;Herb v. Pitcairn, 325 U.S. 77 (1945);325 U.S. 77</searchTitle>
              <granuleClass>CASE</granuleClass>
              <accessId>USREPORTS-325-77</accessId>
              <reportNumber>77</reportNumber>
              <sequenceNumber>9</sequenceNumber>
              <pagePosition>1</pagePosition>
              <decisionDate>1945-04-23</decisionDate>
              <courtTerm>1944</courtTerm>
              <usCitation>325 U.S. 77</usCitation>
              <fullCitation>325 U.S. 77 (1945)</fullCitation>
              <subject authority="llc" uri="https://www.loc.gov/research-centers/law-library-of-congress/about-this-research-center">
                                        
                   <topic>State and Local Laws</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Labor-Management Relations</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Limitation of Actions</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Labor and Employment Law</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Labor</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Civil Procedure</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Federal Employers&apos; Liability Act</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <subject authority="scdb" uri="http://scdb.wustl.edu/documentation.php?var=issue">
                                        
                   <topic>Judicial Administration: Untimely Filing</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Judicial Power</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <docketId>1944-116-01</docketId>
              <petitioner>Employee, or job applicant, including beneficiaries of</petitioner>
              <respondent>Railroad</respondent>
              <jurisdiction>Cert</jurisdiction>
              <caseOrigin state="Illinois">State Trial Court</caseOrigin>
              <caseSource state="Illinois">State Supreme Court</caseSource>
              <certReason>No reason given</certReason>
              <chiefJustice>Harlan Fiske Stone</chiefJustice>
              <authorityDecision>Supreme Court supervision of lower federal or state courts or original jurisdiction</authorityDecision>
              <law>
                                        
                   <type>No Legal Provision</type>
                                        
                   <legalProvisions>No Legal Provision</legalProvisions>
                                    
            </law>
              <decisionType>Opinion of the court (orally argued)</decisionType>
              <unconstitutionality>No declaration of unconstitutionality</unconstitutionality>
              <disposition>Reversed and remanded</disposition>
              <partyWinning>Petitioning party received a favorable disposition</partyWinning>
              <majorityOpinion>
                                        
                   <writer>Robert Houghwout Jackson</writer>
                                        
                   <assigner>Harlan Fiske Stone</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
              <votes>
                                        
                   <majority>9</majority>
                                        
                   <minority>0</minority>
                                    
            </votes>
        </extension>
         <location>
              <url displayLabel="Content Detail" access="object in context">https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/USREPORTS-325/USREPORTS-325-77</url>
              <url access="raw object" displayLabel="PDF rendition">https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/USREPORTS-325/pdf/USREPORTS-325-77.pdf</url>
        </location>
    </relatedItem>
    <relatedItem type="constituent" ID="id-USREPORTS-325-79" xlink:href="https://www.govinfo.gov/metadata/granule/USREPORTS-325/USREPORTS-325-79/mods.xml">
         <titleInfo>
              <title>Hoover Co. v. Coe, 325 U.S. 79 (1945)</title>
              <partNumber>325 U.S. 79</partNumber>
              <partName>Case</partName>
        </titleInfo>
         <identifier type="uri">https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/USREPORTS-325/USREPORTS-325-79</identifier>
         <identifier type="preferred citation">325 U.S. 79 (1945)</identifier>
         <identifier type="United States Reports citation">325 U.S. 79</identifier>
         <relatedItem type="otherFormat" xlink:href="https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/USREPORTS-325/pdf/USREPORTS-325-79.pdf">
              <identifier type="FDsys Unique ID">D09002ee1d4d044b4</identifier>
        </relatedItem>
         <subject>
              <topic>Food Industry</topic>
              <topic>Jurisdiction and Venue</topic>
              <topic>Intellectual Property</topic>
              <topic>Legislative History</topic>
              <topic>U.S. Court of Customs and Patent Appeals</topic>
              <topic>U.S. Patent and Trademark Office</topic>
              <topic>Patent Reissue</topic>
              <topic>Intellectual Property Law</topic>
              <topic>Judiciary</topic>
              <topic>Civil Procedure</topic>
              <topic>District Courts</topic>
              <topic>Agriculture and Food</topic>
              <topic>Patents</topic>
              <topic>Administrative Law and Regulatory Procedure</topic>
              <topic>Patents and Copyrights: Patent</topic>
              <topic>Economic Activity</topic>
        </subject>
         <extension>
              <searchTitle>United States reports : cases adjudged in the Supreme Court at October term, 1944, from April 23, 1945 (concluded) to and including (in part) June 18, 1945;Hoover Co. v. Coe, 325 U.S. 79 (1945);325 U.S. 79</searchTitle>
              <granuleClass>CASE</granuleClass>
              <accessId>USREPORTS-325-79</accessId>
              <reportNumber>79</reportNumber>
              <sequenceNumber>10</sequenceNumber>
              <pagePosition>1</pagePosition>
              <decisionDate>1945-04-30</decisionDate>
              <courtTerm>1944</courtTerm>
              <usCitation>325 U.S. 79</usCitation>
              <fullCitation>325 U.S. 79 (1945)</fullCitation>
              <subject authority="llc" uri="https://www.loc.gov/research-centers/law-library-of-congress/about-this-research-center">
                                        
                   <topic>Food Industry</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Jurisdiction and Venue</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Intellectual Property</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Legislative History</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>U.S. Court of Customs and Patent Appeals</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>U.S. Patent and Trademark Office</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Patent Reissue</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Intellectual Property Law</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Judiciary</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Civil Procedure</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>District Courts</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Agriculture and Food</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Patents</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Administrative Law and Regulatory Procedure</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <subject authority="scdb" uri="http://scdb.wustl.edu/documentation.php?var=issue">
                                        
                   <topic>Patents and Copyrights: Patent</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Economic Activity</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <docketId>1944-150-01</docketId>
              <petitioner>Holder of a license or permit, or applicant therefor</petitioner>
              <respondent>Patent Office, or Commissioner of, or Board of Appeals of</respondent>
              <jurisdiction>Cert</jurisdiction>
              <adminAction>Patent Office, or Commissioner of, or Board of Appeals of</adminAction>
              <caseOrigin>District Of Columbia U.S. District Court</caseOrigin>
              <caseSource>U.S. Court of Appeals, District of Columbia Circuit (includes the Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia but not the District of Columbia Court of Appeals, which has local jurisdiction)</caseSource>
              <certReason>To resolve question presented</certReason>
              <chiefJustice>Harlan Fiske Stone</chiefJustice>
              <dateArgument>1945-03-05</dateArgument>
              <authorityDecision>Supreme Court supervision of lower federal or state courts or original jurisdiction</authorityDecision>
              <law>
                                        
                   <type>No Legal Provision</type>
                                        
                   <legalProvisions>No Legal Provision</legalProvisions>
                                    
            </law>
              <decisionType>Opinion of the court (orally argued)</decisionType>
              <unconstitutionality>No declaration of unconstitutionality</unconstitutionality>
              <disposition>Reversed and remanded</disposition>
              <partyWinning>Petitioning party received a favorable disposition</partyWinning>
              <majorityOpinion>
                                        
                   <writer>Owen Josephus Roberts</writer>
                                        
                   <assigner>Harlan Fiske Stone</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
              <votes>
                                        
                   <majority>9</majority>
                                        
                   <minority>0</minority>
                                    
            </votes>
        </extension>
         <location>
              <url displayLabel="Content Detail" access="object in context">https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/USREPORTS-325/USREPORTS-325-79</url>
              <url access="raw object" displayLabel="PDF rendition">https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/USREPORTS-325/pdf/USREPORTS-325-79.pdf</url>
        </location>
    </relatedItem>
    <relatedItem type="constituent" ID="id-USREPORTS-325-91" xlink:href="https://www.govinfo.gov/metadata/granule/USREPORTS-325/USREPORTS-325-91/mods.xml">
         <titleInfo>
              <title>Screws v. United States, 325 U.S. 91 (1945)</title>
              <partNumber>325 U.S. 91</partNumber>
              <partName>Case</partName>
        </titleInfo>
         <identifier type="uri">https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/USREPORTS-325/USREPORTS-325-91</identifier>
         <identifier type="preferred citation">325 U.S. 91 (1945)</identifier>
         <identifier type="United States Reports citation">325 U.S. 91</identifier>
         <relatedItem type="otherFormat" xlink:href="https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/USREPORTS-325/pdf/USREPORTS-325-91.pdf">
              <identifier type="FDsys Unique ID">D09002ee1d4d044e2</identifier>
        </relatedItem>
         <subject>
              <topic>Minority Rights</topic>
              <topic>Conspiracy</topic>
              <topic>Baker County</topic>
              <topic>Due Process</topic>
              <topic>Government</topic>
              <topic>Racial Discrimination</topic>
              <topic>Human Rights and Civil Liberties</topic>
              <topic>African Americans</topic>
              <topic>Judiciary</topic>
              <topic>Crime and Law Enforcement</topic>
              <topic>Georgia</topic>
              <topic>Law Enforcement Officers</topic>
              <topic>Fourteenth Amendment</topic>
              <topic>Constitutional Law</topic>
              <topic>Criminal Law and Procedure</topic>
              <topic>Liability, Civil Rights Acts (Cf. Liability, Governmental and Liability, Nongovernmental, Cruel and Unusual Punishment, Non-Death Penalty)</topic>
              <topic>Civil Rights</topic>
        </subject>
         <extension>
              <searchTitle>United States reports : cases adjudged in the Supreme Court at October term, 1944, from April 23, 1945 (concluded) to and including (in part) June 18, 1945;Screws v. United States, 325 U.S. 91 (1945);325 U.S. 91</searchTitle>
              <granuleClass>CASE</granuleClass>
              <accessId>USREPORTS-325-91</accessId>
              <reportNumber>91</reportNumber>
              <sequenceNumber>11</sequenceNumber>
              <pagePosition>1</pagePosition>
              <decisionDate>1945-05-07</decisionDate>
              <courtTerm>1944</courtTerm>
              <usCitation>325 U.S. 91</usCitation>
              <fullCitation>325 U.S. 91 (1945)</fullCitation>
              <subject authority="llc" uri="https://www.loc.gov/research-centers/law-library-of-congress/about-this-research-center">
                                        
                   <topic>Minority Rights</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Conspiracy</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Baker County</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Due Process</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Government</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Racial Discrimination</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Human Rights and Civil Liberties</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>African Americans</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Judiciary</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Crime and Law Enforcement</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Georgia</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Law Enforcement Officers</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Fourteenth Amendment</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Constitutional Law</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Criminal Law and Procedure</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <subject authority="scdb" uri="http://scdb.wustl.edu/documentation.php?var=issue">
                                        
                   <topic>Liability, Civil Rights Acts (Cf. Liability, Governmental and Liability, Nongovernmental, Cruel and Unusual Punishment, Non-Death Penalty)</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Civil Rights</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <docketId>1944-039-01</docketId>
              <petitioner>Person convicted of crime</petitioner>
              <respondent>United States</respondent>
              <jurisdiction>Cert</jurisdiction>
              <caseOrigin>Georgia Middle U.S. District Court</caseOrigin>
              <caseSource>U.S. Court of Appeals, Fifth Circuit</caseSource>
              <certReason>To resolve important or significant question</certReason>
              <chiefJustice>Harlan Fiske Stone</chiefJustice>
              <dateArgument>1944-10-20</dateArgument>
              <authorityDecision>Statutory construction</authorityDecision>
              <law>
                                        
                   <type>Infrequently litigated statutes</type>
                                        
                   <legalProvisions>Infrequently litigated statutes</legalProvisions>
                                    
            </law>
              <decisionType>Judgment of the Court (orally argued)</decisionType>
              <unconstitutionality>No declaration of unconstitutionality</unconstitutionality>
              <disposition>Reversed</disposition>
              <partyWinning>Petitioning party received a favorable disposition</partyWinning>
              <majorityOpinion>
                                        
                   <writer>William Orville Douglas</writer>
                                        
                   <assigner>Harlan Fiske Stone</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
              <votes>
                                        
                   <majority>9</majority>
                                        
                   <minority>0</minority>
                                    
            </votes>
        </extension>
         <location>
              <url displayLabel="Content Detail" access="object in context">https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/USREPORTS-325/USREPORTS-325-91</url>
              <url access="raw object" displayLabel="PDF rendition">https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/USREPORTS-325/pdf/USREPORTS-325-91.pdf</url>
        </location>
    </relatedItem>
    <relatedItem type="constituent" ID="id-USREPORTS-325-161" xlink:href="https://www.govinfo.gov/metadata/granule/USREPORTS-325/USREPORTS-325-161/mods.xml">
         <titleInfo>
              <title>Jewell Ridge Corp. v. Local, 325 U.S. 161 (1945)</title>
              <partNumber>325 U.S. 161</partNumber>
              <partName>Case</partName>
        </titleInfo>
         <identifier type="uri">https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/USREPORTS-325/USREPORTS-325-161</identifier>
         <identifier type="preferred citation">325 U.S. 161 (1945)</identifier>
         <identifier type="United States Reports citation">325 U.S. 161</identifier>
         <relatedItem type="otherFormat" xlink:href="https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/USREPORTS-325/pdf/USREPORTS-325-161.pdf">
              <identifier type="FDsys Unique ID">D09002ee1d4d04452</identifier>
        </relatedItem>
         <subject>
              <topic>Fair Labor Standards Act (F.L.S.A.)</topic>
              <topic>Energy</topic>
              <topic>Travel Time</topic>
              <topic>Labor</topic>
              <topic>Work Time</topic>
              <topic>Labor and Employment Law</topic>
              <topic>Labor-Management Relations</topic>
              <topic>Wages and Hours</topic>
              <topic>Natural Resources</topic>
              <topic>Worker Safety and Health</topic>
              <topic>Coal</topic>
              <topic>Compensable Workweek</topic>
              <topic>Mineral Resources and Mines</topic>
              <topic>Fair Labor Standards Act</topic>
              <topic>Unions</topic>
        </subject>
         <extension>
              <searchTitle>United States reports : cases adjudged in the Supreme Court at October term, 1944, from April 23, 1945 (concluded) to and including (in part) June 18, 1945;Jewell Ridge Corp. v. Local, 325 U.S. 161 (1945);325 U.S. 161</searchTitle>
              <granuleClass>CASE</granuleClass>
              <accessId>USREPORTS-325-161</accessId>
              <reportNumber>161</reportNumber>
              <sequenceNumber>12</sequenceNumber>
              <pagePosition>1</pagePosition>
              <decisionDate>1945-05-07</decisionDate>
              <courtTerm>1944</courtTerm>
              <usCitation>325 U.S. 161</usCitation>
              <fullCitation>325 U.S. 161 (1945)</fullCitation>
              <subject authority="llc" uri="https://www.loc.gov/research-centers/law-library-of-congress/about-this-research-center">
                                        
                   <topic>Fair Labor Standards Act (F.L.S.A.)</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Energy</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Travel Time</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Labor</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Work Time</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Labor and Employment Law</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Labor-Management Relations</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Wages and Hours</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Natural Resources</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Worker Safety and Health</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Coal</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Compensable Workweek</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Mineral Resources and Mines</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <subject authority="scdb" uri="http://scdb.wustl.edu/documentation.php?var=issue">
                                        
                   <topic>Fair Labor Standards Act</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Unions</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <docketId>1944-115-01</docketId>
              <petitioner>Coal company or coal mine operator</petitioner>
              <respondent>Union, labor organization, or official of</respondent>
              <jurisdiction>Cert</jurisdiction>
              <caseOrigin>Virginia Western U.S. District Court</caseOrigin>
              <caseSource>U.S. Court of Appeals, Fourth Circuit</caseSource>
              <certReason>No reason given</certReason>
              <chiefJustice>Harlan Fiske Stone</chiefJustice>
              <dateArgument>1945-03-09</dateArgument>
              <authorityDecision>Supreme Court supervision of lower federal or state courts or original jurisdiction</authorityDecision>
              <law>
                                        
                   <type>No Legal Provision</type>
                                        
                   <legalProvisions>No Legal Provision</legalProvisions>
                                    
            </law>
              <decisionType>Opinion of the court (orally argued)</decisionType>
              <unconstitutionality>No declaration of unconstitutionality</unconstitutionality>
              <disposition>Affirmed (includes modified)</disposition>
              <partyWinning>No favorable disposition for petitioning party apparent</partyWinning>
              <majorityOpinion>
                                        
                   <writer>Frank Murphy</writer>
                                        
                   <assigner>Hugo Lafayette Black</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
              <votes>
                                        
                   <majority>5</majority>
                                        
                   <minority>4</minority>
                                    
            </votes>
        </extension>
         <location>
              <url displayLabel="Content Detail" access="object in context">https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/USREPORTS-325/USREPORTS-325-161</url>
              <url access="raw object" displayLabel="PDF rendition">https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/USREPORTS-325/pdf/USREPORTS-325-161.pdf</url>
        </location>
    </relatedItem>
    <relatedItem type="constituent" ID="id-USREPORTS-325-196" xlink:href="https://www.govinfo.gov/metadata/granule/USREPORTS-325/USREPORTS-325-196/mods.xml">
         <titleInfo>
              <title>U.S. Alkali Assn. v. U.S., 325 U.S. 196 (1945)</title>
              <partNumber>325 U.S. 196</partNumber>
              <partName>Case</partName>
        </titleInfo>
         <identifier type="uri">https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/USREPORTS-325/USREPORTS-325-196</identifier>
         <identifier type="preferred citation">325 U.S. 196 (1945)</identifier>
         <identifier type="United States Reports citation">325 U.S. 196</identifier>
         <relatedItem type="otherFormat" xlink:href="https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/USREPORTS-325/pdf/USREPORTS-325-196.pdf">
              <identifier type="FDsys Unique ID">D09002ee1d4d04453</identifier>
        </relatedItem>
         <subject>
              <topic>Competition and Antitrust</topic>
              <topic>Jurisdiction and Venue</topic>
              <topic>Commerce</topic>
              <topic>Conspiracy</topic>
              <topic>Import and Export</topic>
              <topic>Foreign Trade and International Finance</topic>
              <topic>Administrative Remedies</topic>
              <topic>Economics and Public Finance</topic>
              <topic>Federal Trade Commission (F.T.C.)</topic>
              <topic>Administrative Law and Regulatory Procedure</topic>
              <topic>Sherman Antitrust Act of 1890</topic>
              <topic>Webb-Pomerene Act</topic>
              <topic>Antitrust Law</topic>
              <topic>Judicial Review of Administrative Agency&apos;s or Administrative Official&apos;s Actions and Procedures</topic>
              <topic>Judicial Power</topic>
        </subject>
         <extension>
              <searchTitle>United States reports : cases adjudged in the Supreme Court at October term, 1944, from April 23, 1945 (concluded) to and including (in part) June 18, 1945;U.S. Alkali Assn. v. U.S., 325 U.S. 196 (1945);325 U.S. 196</searchTitle>
              <granuleClass>CASE</granuleClass>
              <accessId>USREPORTS-325-196</accessId>
              <reportNumber>196</reportNumber>
              <sequenceNumber>13</sequenceNumber>
              <pagePosition>1</pagePosition>
              <decisionDate>1945-05-21</decisionDate>
              <courtTerm>1944</courtTerm>
              <usCitation>325 U.S. 196</usCitation>
              <fullCitation>325 U.S. 196 (1945)</fullCitation>
              <subject authority="llc" uri="https://www.loc.gov/research-centers/law-library-of-congress/about-this-research-center">
                                        
                   <topic>Competition and Antitrust</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Jurisdiction and Venue</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Commerce</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Conspiracy</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Import and Export</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Foreign Trade and International Finance</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Administrative Remedies</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Economics and Public Finance</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Federal Trade Commission (F.T.C.)</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Administrative Law and Regulatory Procedure</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Sherman Antitrust Act of 1890</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Webb-Pomerene Act</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Antitrust Law</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <subject authority="scdb" uri="http://scdb.wustl.edu/documentation.php?var=issue">
                                        
                   <topic>Judicial Review of Administrative Agency&apos;s or Administrative Official&apos;s Actions and Procedures</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Judicial Power</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <docketId>1944-087-01</docketId>
              <petitioner>Shipper, including importer and exporter</petitioner>
              <respondent>United States</respondent>
              <jurisdiction>Cert</jurisdiction>
              <caseOrigin>New York Southern U.S. District Court</caseOrigin>
              <caseSource>New York Southern U.S. District Court</caseSource>
              <certReason>Putative conflict</certReason>
              <chiefJustice>Harlan Fiske Stone</chiefJustice>
              <dateArgument>1945-05-01</dateArgument>
              <authorityDecision>Interpretation of administrative regulation or rule, or executive order</authorityDecision>
              <law>
                                        
                   <type>No Legal Provision</type>
                                        
                   <legalProvisions>No Legal Provision</legalProvisions>
                                    
            </law>
              <decisionType>Opinion of the court (orally argued)</decisionType>
              <unconstitutionality>No declaration of unconstitutionality</unconstitutionality>
              <disposition>Affirmed (includes modified)</disposition>
              <partyWinning>No favorable disposition for petitioning party apparent</partyWinning>
              <majorityOpinion>
                                        
                   <writer>Harlan Fiske Stone</writer>
                                        
                   <assigner>Harlan Fiske Stone</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
              <votes>
                                        
                   <majority>8</majority>
                                        
                   <minority>1</minority>
                                    
            </votes>
        </extension>
         <location>
              <url displayLabel="Content Detail" access="object in context">https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/USREPORTS-325/USREPORTS-325-196</url>
              <url access="raw object" displayLabel="PDF rendition">https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/USREPORTS-325/pdf/USREPORTS-325-196.pdf</url>
        </location>
    </relatedItem>
    <relatedItem type="constituent" ID="id-USREPORTS-325-212" xlink:href="https://www.govinfo.gov/metadata/granule/USREPORTS-325/USREPORTS-325-212/mods.xml">
         <titleInfo>
              <title>De Beers Mines v. United States, 325 U.S. 212 (1945)</title>
              <partNumber>325 U.S. 212</partNumber>
              <partName>Case</partName>
        </titleInfo>
         <identifier type="uri">https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/USREPORTS-325/USREPORTS-325-212</identifier>
         <identifier type="preferred citation">325 U.S. 212 (1945)</identifier>
         <identifier type="United States Reports citation">325 U.S. 212</identifier>
         <relatedItem type="otherFormat" xlink:href="https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/USREPORTS-325/pdf/USREPORTS-325-212.pdf">
              <identifier type="FDsys Unique ID">D09002ee1d4d044c0</identifier>
        </relatedItem>
         <subject>
              <topic>England</topic>
              <topic>Competition and Antitrust</topic>
              <topic>Portugal</topic>
              <topic>Jurisdiction and Venue</topic>
              <topic>Commerce</topic>
              <topic>Conspiracy</topic>
              <topic>United Kingdom</topic>
              <topic>West Europe</topic>
              <topic>South Africa</topic>
              <topic>Scotland</topic>
              <topic>Foreign Trade and International Finance</topic>
              <topic>New York</topic>
              <topic>Northern Ireland</topic>
              <topic>Wales</topic>
              <topic>Injunctions</topic>
              <topic>Equitable Relief</topic>
              <topic>Southern Africa</topic>
              <topic>Civil Procedure</topic>
              <topic>Belgium</topic>
              <topic>International Affairs</topic>
              <topic>Customs Enforcement</topic>
              <topic>Crime and Law Enforcement</topic>
              <topic>Sherman Antitrust Act of 1890</topic>
              <topic>Property</topic>
              <topic>Judicial Administration: Extraordinary Relief (E.G., Mandamus, Injunction)</topic>
              <topic>Judicial Power</topic>
        </subject>
         <extension>
              <searchTitle>United States reports : cases adjudged in the Supreme Court at October term, 1944, from April 23, 1945 (concluded) to and including (in part) June 18, 1945;De Beers Mines v. United States, 325 U.S. 212 (1945);325 U.S. 212</searchTitle>
              <granuleClass>CASE</granuleClass>
              <accessId>USREPORTS-325-212</accessId>
              <reportNumber>212</reportNumber>
              <sequenceNumber>14</sequenceNumber>
              <pagePosition>1</pagePosition>
              <decisionDate>1945-05-21</decisionDate>
              <courtTerm>1944</courtTerm>
              <usCitation>325 U.S. 212</usCitation>
              <fullCitation>325 U.S. 212 (1945)</fullCitation>
              <subject authority="llc" uri="https://www.loc.gov/research-centers/law-library-of-congress/about-this-research-center">
                                        
                   <topic>England</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Competition and Antitrust</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Portugal</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Jurisdiction and Venue</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Commerce</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Conspiracy</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>United Kingdom</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>West Europe</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>South Africa</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Scotland</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Foreign Trade and International Finance</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>New York</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Northern Ireland</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Wales</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Injunctions</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Equitable Relief</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Southern Africa</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Civil Procedure</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Belgium</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>International Affairs</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Customs Enforcement</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Crime and Law Enforcement</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Sherman Antitrust Act of 1890</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Property</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <subject authority="scdb" uri="http://scdb.wustl.edu/documentation.php?var=issue">
                                        
                   <topic>Judicial Administration: Extraordinary Relief (E.G., Mandamus, Injunction)</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Judicial Power</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <docketId>1944-154-01</docketId>
              <petitioner>Mining company or miner, excluding coal, oil, or pipeline company</petitioner>
              <respondent>United States</respondent>
              <jurisdiction>Cert</jurisdiction>
              <caseOrigin>New York Southern U.S. District Court</caseOrigin>
              <caseSource>New York Southern U.S. District Court</caseSource>
              <certReason>To resolve question presented</certReason>
              <chiefJustice>Harlan Fiske Stone</chiefJustice>
              <dateArgument>1945-05-02</dateArgument>
              <authorityDecision>Interpretation of administrative regulation or rule, or executive order</authorityDecision>
              <law>
                                        
                   <type>No Legal Provision</type>
                                        
                   <legalProvisions>No Legal Provision</legalProvisions>
                                    
            </law>
              <decisionType>Opinion of the court (orally argued)</decisionType>
              <unconstitutionality>No declaration of unconstitutionality</unconstitutionality>
              <disposition>Reversed</disposition>
              <partyWinning>Petitioning party received a favorable disposition</partyWinning>
              <majorityOpinion>
                                        
                   <writer>Owen Josephus Roberts</writer>
                                        
                   <assigner>Harlan Fiske Stone</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
              <votes>
                                        
                   <majority>5</majority>
                                        
                   <minority>4</minority>
                                    
            </votes>
        </extension>
         <location>
              <url displayLabel="Content Detail" access="object in context">https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/USREPORTS-325/USREPORTS-325-212</url>
              <url access="raw object" displayLabel="PDF rendition">https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/USREPORTS-325/pdf/USREPORTS-325-212.pdf</url>
        </location>
    </relatedItem>
    <relatedItem type="constituent" ID="id-USREPORTS-325-226" xlink:href="https://www.govinfo.gov/metadata/granule/USREPORTS-325/USREPORTS-325-226/mods.xml">
         <titleInfo>
              <title>Williams v. North Carolina, 325 U.S. 226 (1945)</title>
              <partNumber>325 U.S. 226</partNumber>
              <partName>Case</partName>
        </titleInfo>
         <identifier type="uri">https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/USREPORTS-325/USREPORTS-325-226</identifier>
         <identifier type="preferred citation">325 U.S. 226 (1945)</identifier>
         <identifier type="United States Reports citation">325 U.S. 226</identifier>
         <relatedItem type="otherFormat" xlink:href="https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/USREPORTS-325/pdf/USREPORTS-325-226.pdf">
              <identifier type="FDsys Unique ID">D09002ee1d4d044b2</identifier>
        </relatedItem>
         <subject>
              <topic>Jurisdiction and Venue</topic>
              <topic>Polygamy</topic>
              <topic>Divorce</topic>
              <topic>Due Process</topic>
              <topic>Families</topic>
              <topic>U.S. Constitution</topic>
              <topic>Bigamy</topic>
              <topic>Civil Procedure</topic>
              <topic>Marriage and Family Status</topic>
              <topic>State and Local Laws</topic>
              <topic>Crime and Law Enforcement</topic>
              <topic>Full Faith and Credit</topic>
              <topic>Article IV</topic>
              <topic>Standards</topic>
              <topic>Family Law</topic>
              <topic>Constitutional Law</topic>
              <topic>Due Process: Jurisdiction (Jurisdiction over Non-Resident Litigants)</topic>
              <topic>Due Process</topic>
        </subject>
         <extension>
              <searchTitle>United States reports : cases adjudged in the Supreme Court at October term, 1944, from April 23, 1945 (concluded) to and including (in part) June 18, 1945;Williams v. North Carolina, 325 U.S. 226 (1945);325 U.S. 226</searchTitle>
              <granuleClass>CASE</granuleClass>
              <accessId>USREPORTS-325-226</accessId>
              <reportNumber>226</reportNumber>
              <sequenceNumber>15</sequenceNumber>
              <pagePosition>1</pagePosition>
              <decisionDate>1945-05-21</decisionDate>
              <courtTerm>1944</courtTerm>
              <usCitation>325 U.S. 226</usCitation>
              <fullCitation>325 U.S. 226 (1945)</fullCitation>
              <subject authority="llc" uri="https://www.loc.gov/research-centers/law-library-of-congress/about-this-research-center">
                                        
                   <topic>Jurisdiction and Venue</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Polygamy</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Divorce</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Due Process</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Families</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>U.S. Constitution</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Bigamy</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Civil Procedure</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Marriage and Family Status</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>State and Local Laws</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Crime and Law Enforcement</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Full Faith and Credit</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Article IV</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Standards</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Family Law</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Constitutional Law</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <subject authority="scdb" uri="http://scdb.wustl.edu/documentation.php?var=issue">
                                        
                   <topic>Due Process: Jurisdiction (Jurisdiction over Non-Resident Litigants)</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Due Process</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <docketId>1944-036-01</docketId>
              <petitioner>Person convicted of crime</petitioner>
              <respondent state="North Carolina">State</respondent>
              <jurisdiction>Cert</jurisdiction>
              <caseOrigin state="North Carolina">State Trial Court</caseOrigin>
              <caseSource state="North Carolina">State Supreme Court</caseSource>
              <certReason>No reason given</certReason>
              <chiefJustice>Harlan Fiske Stone</chiefJustice>
              <dateArgument>1944-10-13</dateArgument>
              <authorityDecision>Judicial review (state level)</authorityDecision>
              <law>
                                        
                   <type>Constitution</type>
                                        
                   <legalProvisions>Article IV, Section 1 (full faith and credit clause)</legalProvisions>
                                    
            </law>
              <decisionType>Opinion of the court (orally argued)</decisionType>
              <unconstitutionality>No declaration of unconstitutionality</unconstitutionality>
              <disposition>Affirmed (includes modified)</disposition>
              <partyWinning>No favorable disposition for petitioning party apparent</partyWinning>
              <majorityOpinion>
                                        
                   <writer>Felix Frankfurter</writer>
                                        
                   <assigner>Harlan Fiske Stone</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
              <votes>
                                        
                   <majority>6</majority>
                                        
                   <minority>3</minority>
                                    
            </votes>
        </extension>
         <location>
              <url displayLabel="Content Detail" access="object in context">https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/USREPORTS-325/USREPORTS-325-226</url>
              <url access="raw object" displayLabel="PDF rendition">https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/USREPORTS-325/pdf/USREPORTS-325-226.pdf</url>
        </location>
    </relatedItem>
    <relatedItem type="constituent" ID="id-USREPORTS-325-279" xlink:href="https://www.govinfo.gov/metadata/granule/USREPORTS-325/USREPORTS-325-279/mods.xml">
         <titleInfo>
              <title>Esenwein v. Commonwealth, 325 U.S. 279 (1945)</title>
              <partNumber>325 U.S. 279</partNumber>
              <partName>Case</partName>
        </titleInfo>
         <identifier type="uri">https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/USREPORTS-325/USREPORTS-325-279</identifier>
         <identifier type="preferred citation">325 U.S. 279 (1945)</identifier>
         <identifier type="United States Reports citation">325 U.S. 279</identifier>
         <relatedItem type="otherFormat" xlink:href="https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/USREPORTS-325/pdf/USREPORTS-325-279.pdf">
              <identifier type="FDsys Unique ID">D09002ee1d4d044cc</identifier>
        </relatedItem>
         <subject>
              <topic>Jurisdiction and Venue</topic>
              <topic>Support Orders</topic>
              <topic>Polygamy</topic>
              <topic>Divorce</topic>
              <topic>Due Process</topic>
              <topic>Families</topic>
              <topic>State and Local Courts</topic>
              <topic>Bigamy</topic>
              <topic>Civil Procedure</topic>
              <topic>Marriage and Family Status</topic>
              <topic>Crime and Law Enforcement</topic>
              <topic>Full Faith and Credit</topic>
              <topic>Pennsylvania</topic>
              <topic>Standards</topic>
              <topic>Family Law</topic>
              <topic>Constitutional Law</topic>
              <topic>Due Process: Jurisdiction (Jurisdiction over Non-Resident Litigants)</topic>
              <topic>Due Process</topic>
        </subject>
         <extension>
              <searchTitle>United States reports : cases adjudged in the Supreme Court at October term, 1944, from April 23, 1945 (concluded) to and including (in part) June 18, 1945;Esenwein v. Commonwealth, 325 U.S. 279 (1945);325 U.S. 279</searchTitle>
              <granuleClass>CASE</granuleClass>
              <accessId>USREPORTS-325-279</accessId>
              <reportNumber>279</reportNumber>
              <sequenceNumber>16</sequenceNumber>
              <pagePosition>1</pagePosition>
              <decisionDate>1945-05-21</decisionDate>
              <courtTerm>1944</courtTerm>
              <usCitation>325 U.S. 279</usCitation>
              <fullCitation>325 U.S. 279 (1945)</fullCitation>
              <subject authority="llc" uri="https://www.loc.gov/research-centers/law-library-of-congress/about-this-research-center">
                                        
                   <topic>Jurisdiction and Venue</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Support Orders</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Polygamy</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Divorce</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Due Process</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Families</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>State and Local Courts</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Bigamy</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Civil Procedure</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Marriage and Family Status</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Crime and Law Enforcement</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Full Faith and Credit</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Pennsylvania</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Standards</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Family Law</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Constitutional Law</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <subject authority="scdb" uri="http://scdb.wustl.edu/documentation.php?var=issue">
                                        
                   <topic>Due Process: Jurisdiction (Jurisdiction over Non-Resident Litigants)</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Due Process</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <docketId>1944-037-01</docketId>
              <petitioner>Husband, or ex-husband</petitioner>
              <respondent>Wife, or ex-wife</respondent>
              <jurisdiction>Cert</jurisdiction>
              <caseOrigin state="Pennsylvania">State Trial Court</caseOrigin>
              <caseSource state="Pennsylvania">State Supreme Court</caseSource>
              <certReason>No reason given</certReason>
              <chiefJustice>Harlan Fiske Stone</chiefJustice>
              <dateArgument>1944-10-12</dateArgument>
              <authorityDecision>Judicial review (state level)</authorityDecision>
              <law>
                                        
                   <type>Constitution</type>
                                        
                   <legalProvisions>Article IV, Section 1 (full faith and credit clause)</legalProvisions>
                                    
            </law>
              <decisionType>Opinion of the court (orally argued)</decisionType>
              <unconstitutionality>No declaration of unconstitutionality</unconstitutionality>
              <disposition>Affirmed (includes modified)</disposition>
              <partyWinning>No favorable disposition for petitioning party apparent</partyWinning>
              <majorityOpinion>
                                        
                   <writer>Felix Frankfurter</writer>
                                        
                   <assigner>Harlan Fiske Stone</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
              <votes>
                                        
                   <majority>9</majority>
                                        
                   <minority>0</minority>
                                    
            </votes>
        </extension>
         <location>
              <url displayLabel="Content Detail" access="object in context">https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/USREPORTS-325/USREPORTS-325-279</url>
              <url access="raw object" displayLabel="PDF rendition">https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/USREPORTS-325/pdf/USREPORTS-325-279.pdf</url>
        </location>
    </relatedItem>
    <relatedItem type="constituent" ID="id-USREPORTS-325-283" xlink:href="https://www.govinfo.gov/metadata/granule/USREPORTS-325/USREPORTS-325-283/mods.xml">
         <titleInfo>
              <title>Comm&apos;r. v. Estate of Bedford, 325 U.S. 283 (1945)</title>
              <partNumber>325 U.S. 283</partNumber>
              <partName>Case</partName>
        </titleInfo>
         <identifier type="uri">https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/USREPORTS-325/USREPORTS-325-283</identifier>
         <identifier type="preferred citation">325 U.S. 283 (1945)</identifier>
         <identifier type="United States Reports citation">325 U.S. 283</identifier>
         <relatedItem type="otherFormat" xlink:href="https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/USREPORTS-325/pdf/USREPORTS-325-283.pdf">
              <identifier type="FDsys Unique ID">D09002ee1d4d044a3</identifier>
        </relatedItem>
         <subject>
              <topic>Finance and Financial Sector</topic>
              <topic>Capital Gains Tax</topic>
              <topic>Tax Law</topic>
              <topic>Statutory Construction</topic>
              <topic>Economics and Public Finance</topic>
              <topic>Dividends</topic>
              <topic>Taxation</topic>
              <topic>Tax Court</topic>
              <topic>Civil Procedure</topic>
              <topic>Order for Mandate</topic>
              <topic>Capital Gains</topic>
              <topic>Administrative Law and Regulatory Procedure</topic>
              <topic>Federal Taxation of Gifts, Personal, Business, or Professional Expenses</topic>
              <topic>Federal Taxation</topic>
        </subject>
         <extension>
              <searchTitle>United States reports : cases adjudged in the Supreme Court at October term, 1944, from April 23, 1945 (concluded) to and including (in part) June 18, 1945;Comm&apos;r. v. Estate of Bedford, 325 U.S. 283 (1945);325 U.S. 283</searchTitle>
              <granuleClass>CASE</granuleClass>
              <accessId>USREPORTS-325-283</accessId>
              <reportNumber>283</reportNumber>
              <sequenceNumber>17</sequenceNumber>
              <pagePosition>1</pagePosition>
              <decisionDate>1945-05-21</decisionDate>
              <courtTerm>1944</courtTerm>
              <usCitation>325 U.S. 283</usCitation>
              <fullCitation>325 U.S. 283 (1945)</fullCitation>
              <subject authority="llc" uri="https://www.loc.gov/research-centers/law-library-of-congress/about-this-research-center">
                                        
                   <topic>Finance and Financial Sector</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Capital Gains Tax</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Tax Law</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Statutory Construction</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Economics and Public Finance</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Dividends</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Taxation</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Tax Court</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Civil Procedure</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Order for Mandate</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Capital Gains</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Administrative Law and Regulatory Procedure</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <subject authority="scdb" uri="http://scdb.wustl.edu/documentation.php?var=issue">
                                        
                   <topic>Federal Taxation of Gifts, Personal, Business, or Professional Expenses</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Federal Taxation</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <docketId>1944-160-01</docketId>
              <petitioner>Internal Revenue Service, Collector, Commissioner, or District Director of</petitioner>
              <respondent>Taxpayer or executor of taxpayer&apos;s estate, federal only</respondent>
              <jurisdiction>Cert</jurisdiction>
              <adminAction>Internal Revenue Service, Collector, Commissioner, or District Director of</adminAction>
              <caseOrigin>U.S. Tax Court</caseOrigin>
              <caseSource>U.S. Court of Appeals, Second Circuit</caseSource>
              <certReason>To resolve important or significant question</certReason>
              <chiefJustice>Harlan Fiske Stone</chiefJustice>
              <dateArgument>1945-03-29</dateArgument>
              <authorityDecision>Statutory construction</authorityDecision>
              <law>
                                        
                   <type>Infrequently litigated statutes</type>
                                        
                   <legalProvisions>Infrequently litigated statutes</legalProvisions>
                                    
            </law>
              <decisionType>Opinion of the court (orally argued)</decisionType>
              <unconstitutionality>No declaration of unconstitutionality</unconstitutionality>
              <disposition>Reversed</disposition>
              <partyWinning>Petitioning party received a favorable disposition</partyWinning>
              <majorityOpinion>
                                        
                   <writer>Felix Frankfurter</writer>
                                        
                   <assigner>Harlan Fiske Stone</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
              <votes>
                                        
                   <majority>9</majority>
                                        
                   <minority>0</minority>
                                    
            </votes>
        </extension>
         <location>
              <url displayLabel="Content Detail" access="object in context">https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/USREPORTS-325/USREPORTS-325-283</url>
              <url access="raw object" displayLabel="PDF rendition">https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/USREPORTS-325/pdf/USREPORTS-325-283.pdf</url>
        </location>
    </relatedItem>
    <relatedItem type="constituent" ID="id-USREPORTS-325-293" xlink:href="https://www.govinfo.gov/metadata/granule/USREPORTS-325/USREPORTS-325-293/mods.xml">
         <titleInfo>
              <title>Angelus Milling Co. v. Comm&apos;r., 325 U.S. 293 (1945)</title>
              <partNumber>325 U.S. 293</partNumber>
              <partName>Case</partName>
        </titleInfo>
         <identifier type="uri">https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/USREPORTS-325/USREPORTS-325-293</identifier>
         <identifier type="preferred citation">325 U.S. 293 (1945)</identifier>
         <identifier type="United States Reports citation">325 U.S. 293</identifier>
         <relatedItem type="otherFormat" xlink:href="https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/USREPORTS-325/pdf/USREPORTS-325-293.pdf">
              <identifier type="FDsys Unique ID">D09002ee1d4d04450</identifier>
        </relatedItem>
         <subject>
              <topic>Corporate Income Tax</topic>
              <topic>Evidence</topic>
              <topic>Revenue Act of 1936</topic>
              <topic>Tax Law</topic>
              <topic>Flour</topic>
              <topic>Taxation</topic>
              <topic>Agricultural Practices</topic>
              <topic>Tax Court</topic>
              <topic>Administrative Law and Regulatory Procedure</topic>
              <topic>Processing Taxes</topic>
              <topic>Agriculture and Food</topic>
              <topic>Treasury Regulations</topic>
              <topic>Federal Taxation of Gifts, Personal, Business, or Professional Expenses</topic>
              <topic>Federal Taxation</topic>
        </subject>
         <extension>
              <searchTitle>United States reports : cases adjudged in the Supreme Court at October term, 1944, from April 23, 1945 (concluded) to and including (in part) June 18, 1945;Angelus Milling Co. v. Comm&apos;r., 325 U.S. 293 (1945);325 U.S. 293</searchTitle>
              <granuleClass>CASE</granuleClass>
              <accessId>USREPORTS-325-293</accessId>
              <reportNumber>293</reportNumber>
              <sequenceNumber>18</sequenceNumber>
              <pagePosition>1</pagePosition>
              <decisionDate>1945-05-21</decisionDate>
              <courtTerm>1944</courtTerm>
              <usCitation>325 U.S. 293</usCitation>
              <fullCitation>325 U.S. 293 (1945)</fullCitation>
              <subject authority="llc" uri="https://www.loc.gov/research-centers/law-library-of-congress/about-this-research-center">
                                        
                   <topic>Corporate Income Tax</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Evidence</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Revenue Act of 1936</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Tax Law</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Flour</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Taxation</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Agricultural Practices</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Tax Court</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Administrative Law and Regulatory Procedure</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Processing Taxes</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Agriculture and Food</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Treasury Regulations</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <subject authority="scdb" uri="http://scdb.wustl.edu/documentation.php?var=issue">
                                        
                   <topic>Federal Taxation of Gifts, Personal, Business, or Professional Expenses</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Federal Taxation</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <docketId>1944-156-01</docketId>
              <petitioner>Taxpayer or executor of taxpayer&apos;s estate, federal only</petitioner>
              <respondent>Internal Revenue Service, Collector, Commissioner, or District Director of</respondent>
              <jurisdiction>Cert</jurisdiction>
              <adminAction>Internal Revenue Service, Collector, Commissioner, or District Director of</adminAction>
              <caseOrigin>U.S. Tax Court</caseOrigin>
              <caseSource>U.S. Court of Appeals, Second Circuit</caseSource>
              <certReason>Federal court conflict</certReason>
              <chiefJustice>Harlan Fiske Stone</chiefJustice>
              <dateArgument>1945-03-07</dateArgument>
              <authorityDecision>Statutory construction</authorityDecision>
              <law>
                                        
                   <type>Infrequently litigated statutes</type>
                                        
                   <legalProvisions>Infrequently litigated statutes</legalProvisions>
                                    
            </law>
              <decisionType>Opinion of the court (orally argued)</decisionType>
              <unconstitutionality>No declaration of unconstitutionality</unconstitutionality>
              <disposition>Affirmed (includes modified)</disposition>
              <partyWinning>No favorable disposition for petitioning party apparent</partyWinning>
              <majorityOpinion>
                                        
                   <writer>Felix Frankfurter</writer>
                                        
                   <assigner>Harlan Fiske Stone</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
              <votes>
                                        
                   <majority>8</majority>
                                        
                   <minority>1</minority>
                                    
            </votes>
        </extension>
         <location>
              <url displayLabel="Content Detail" access="object in context">https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/USREPORTS-325/USREPORTS-325-293</url>
              <url access="raw object" displayLabel="PDF rendition">https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/USREPORTS-325/pdf/USREPORTS-325-293.pdf</url>
        </location>
    </relatedItem>
    <relatedItem type="constituent" ID="id-USREPORTS-325-300" xlink:href="https://www.govinfo.gov/metadata/granule/USREPORTS-325/USREPORTS-325-300/mods.xml">
         <titleInfo>
              <title>Finn v. Meighan, 325 U.S. 300 (1945)</title>
              <partNumber>325 U.S. 300</partNumber>
              <partName>Case</partName>
        </titleInfo>
         <identifier type="uri">https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/USREPORTS-325/USREPORTS-325-300</identifier>
         <identifier type="preferred citation">325 U.S. 300 (1945)</identifier>
         <identifier type="United States Reports citation">325 U.S. 300</identifier>
         <relatedItem type="otherFormat" xlink:href="https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/USREPORTS-325/pdf/USREPORTS-325-300.pdf">
              <identifier type="FDsys Unique ID">D09002ee1d4d044c3</identifier>
        </relatedItem>
         <subject>
              <topic>Finance and Financial Sector</topic>
              <topic>Food Industry</topic>
              <topic>Bankruptcy</topic>
              <topic>Wills, Trusts, and Estates Law</topic>
              <topic>Bankruptcy Act</topic>
              <topic>Economics and Public Finance</topic>
              <topic>Chapter X</topic>
              <topic>Bankruptcy Court</topic>
              <topic>Bankruptcy Law</topic>
              <topic>Agriculture and Food</topic>
              <topic>State and Local Finance</topic>
              <topic>Property</topic>
              <topic>Bankruptcy (Except in the Context of Priority of Federal Fiscal Claims)</topic>
              <topic>Economic Activity</topic>
        </subject>
         <extension>
              <searchTitle>United States reports : cases adjudged in the Supreme Court at October term, 1944, from April 23, 1945 (concluded) to and including (in part) June 18, 1945;Finn v. Meighan, 325 U.S. 300 (1945);325 U.S. 300</searchTitle>
              <granuleClass>CASE</granuleClass>
              <accessId>USREPORTS-325-300</accessId>
              <reportNumber>300</reportNumber>
              <sequenceNumber>19</sequenceNumber>
              <pagePosition>1</pagePosition>
              <decisionDate>1945-05-21</decisionDate>
              <courtTerm>1944</courtTerm>
              <usCitation>325 U.S. 300</usCitation>
              <fullCitation>325 U.S. 300 (1945)</fullCitation>
              <subject authority="llc" uri="https://www.loc.gov/research-centers/law-library-of-congress/about-this-research-center">
                                        
                   <topic>Finance and Financial Sector</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Food Industry</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Bankruptcy</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Wills, Trusts, and Estates Law</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Bankruptcy Act</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Economics and Public Finance</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Chapter X</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Bankruptcy Court</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Bankruptcy Law</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Agriculture and Food</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>State and Local Finance</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Property</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <subject authority="scdb" uri="http://scdb.wustl.edu/documentation.php?var=issue">
                                        
                   <topic>Bankruptcy (Except in the Context of Priority of Federal Fiscal Claims)</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Economic Activity</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <docketId>1944-114-01</docketId>
              <petitioner>Bankrupt person or business, or business in reorganization</petitioner>
              <respondent>Bankrupt person or business, or business in reorganization</respondent>
              <jurisdiction>Cert</jurisdiction>
              <caseOrigin>New York Southern U.S. District Court</caseOrigin>
              <caseSource>U.S. Court of Appeals, Second Circuit</caseSource>
              <certReason>No reason given</certReason>
              <chiefJustice>Harlan Fiske Stone</chiefJustice>
              <dateArgument>1945-04-27</dateArgument>
              <authorityDecision>Statutory construction</authorityDecision>
              <law>
                                        
                   <type>Federal Statute</type>
                                        
                   <legalProvisions>Bankruptcy Code, Bankruptcy Act or Rules, or Bankruptcy Reform Act of 1978</legalProvisions>
                                    
            </law>
              <decisionType>Opinion of the court (orally argued)</decisionType>
              <unconstitutionality>No declaration of unconstitutionality</unconstitutionality>
              <disposition>Affirmed (includes modified)</disposition>
              <partyWinning>No favorable disposition for petitioning party apparent</partyWinning>
              <majorityOpinion>
                                        
                   <writer>William Orville Douglas</writer>
                                        
                   <assigner>Harlan Fiske Stone</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
              <votes>
                                        
                   <majority>9</majority>
                                        
                   <minority>0</minority>
                                    
            </votes>
        </extension>
         <location>
              <url displayLabel="Content Detail" access="object in context">https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/USREPORTS-325/USREPORTS-325-300</url>
              <url access="raw object" displayLabel="PDF rendition">https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/USREPORTS-325/pdf/USREPORTS-325-300.pdf</url>
        </location>
    </relatedItem>
    <relatedItem type="constituent" ID="id-USREPORTS-325-304" xlink:href="https://www.govinfo.gov/metadata/granule/USREPORTS-325/USREPORTS-325-304/mods.xml">
         <titleInfo>
              <title>Chase Securities Corp. v. Donaldson, 325 U.S. 304 (1945)</title>
              <partNumber>325 U.S. 304</partNumber>
              <partName>Case</partName>
        </titleInfo>
         <identifier type="uri">https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/USREPORTS-325/USREPORTS-325-304</identifier>
         <identifier type="preferred citation">325 U.S. 304 (1945)</identifier>
         <identifier type="United States Reports citation">325 U.S. 304</identifier>
         <relatedItem type="otherFormat" xlink:href="https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/USREPORTS-325/pdf/USREPORTS-325-304.pdf">
              <identifier type="FDsys Unique ID">D09002ee1d4d0444c</identifier>
        </relatedItem>
         <subject>
              <topic>Finance and Financial Sector</topic>
              <topic>Legislative History</topic>
              <topic>Minnesota Blue Sky Law</topic>
              <topic>Legislative Bodies</topic>
              <topic>Due Process</topic>
              <topic>Minnesota</topic>
              <topic>Wills, Trusts, and Estates Law</topic>
              <topic>Equal Protection</topic>
              <topic>Buildings and Property</topic>
              <topic>Limitation of Actions</topic>
              <topic>Civil Procedure</topic>
              <topic>State and Local Laws</topic>
              <topic>Securities</topic>
              <topic>Fourteenth Amendment</topic>
              <topic>Property</topic>
              <topic>State or Local Government Regulation, Especially of Business (Cf. Federal Pre-Emption of State Court Jurisdiction, Federal Pre-Emption of State Legislation or Regulation)</topic>
              <topic>Economic Activity</topic>
        </subject>
         <extension>
              <searchTitle>United States reports : cases adjudged in the Supreme Court at October term, 1944, from April 23, 1945 (concluded) to and including (in part) June 18, 1945;Chase Securities Corp. v. Donaldson, 325 U.S. 304 (1945);325 U.S. 304</searchTitle>
              <granuleClass>CASE</granuleClass>
              <accessId>USREPORTS-325-304</accessId>
              <reportNumber>304</reportNumber>
              <sequenceNumber>20</sequenceNumber>
              <pagePosition>1</pagePosition>
              <decisionDate>1945-05-21</decisionDate>
              <courtTerm>1944</courtTerm>
              <usCitation>325 U.S. 304</usCitation>
              <fullCitation>325 U.S. 304 (1945)</fullCitation>
              <subject authority="llc" uri="https://www.loc.gov/research-centers/law-library-of-congress/about-this-research-center">
                                        
                   <topic>Finance and Financial Sector</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Legislative History</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Minnesota Blue Sky Law</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Legislative Bodies</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Due Process</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Minnesota</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Wills, Trusts, and Estates Law</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Equal Protection</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Buildings and Property</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Limitation of Actions</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Civil Procedure</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>State and Local Laws</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Securities</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Fourteenth Amendment</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Property</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <subject authority="scdb" uri="http://scdb.wustl.edu/documentation.php?var=issue">
                                        
                   <topic>State or Local Government Regulation, Especially of Business (Cf. Federal Pre-Emption of State Court Jurisdiction, Federal Pre-Emption of State Legislation or Regulation)</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Economic Activity</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <docketId>1944-038-01</docketId>
              <petitioner>Bank, savings and loan, credit union, investment company</petitioner>
              <respondent>Agent, fiduciary, trustee, or executor</respondent>
              <jurisdiction>Appeal</jurisdiction>
              <caseOrigin state="Minnesota">State Trial Court</caseOrigin>
              <caseSource state="Minnesota">State Supreme Court</caseSource>
              <certReason>Case did not arise on cert or cert not granted</certReason>
              <chiefJustice>Harlan Fiske Stone</chiefJustice>
              <dateArgument>1945-02-27</dateArgument>
              <authorityDecision>Statutory construction</authorityDecision>
              <law>
                                        
                   <type>State or local law or regulation</type>
                                        
                   <legalProvisions>State or Local Law Regulation</legalProvisions>
                                    
            </law>
              <decisionType>Opinion of the court (orally argued)</decisionType>
              <unconstitutionality>No declaration of unconstitutionality</unconstitutionality>
              <disposition>Affirmed (includes modified)</disposition>
              <partyWinning>No favorable disposition for petitioning party apparent</partyWinning>
              <majorityOpinion>
                                        
                   <writer>Robert Houghwout Jackson</writer>
                                        
                   <assigner>Harlan Fiske Stone</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
              <votes>
                                        
                   <majority>8</majority>
                                        
                   <minority>0</minority>
                                    
            </votes>
        </extension>
         <location>
              <url displayLabel="Content Detail" access="object in context">https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/USREPORTS-325/USREPORTS-325-304</url>
              <url access="raw object" displayLabel="PDF rendition">https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/USREPORTS-325/pdf/USREPORTS-325-304.pdf</url>
        </location>
    </relatedItem>
    <relatedItem type="constituent" ID="id-USREPORTS-325-317" xlink:href="https://www.govinfo.gov/metadata/granule/USREPORTS-325/USREPORTS-325-317/mods.xml">
         <titleInfo>
              <title>Ambassador, Inc. v. United States, 325 U.S. 317 (1945)</title>
              <partNumber>325 U.S. 317</partNumber>
              <partName>Case</partName>
        </titleInfo>
         <identifier type="uri">https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/USREPORTS-325/USREPORTS-325-317</identifier>
         <identifier type="preferred citation">325 U.S. 317 (1945)</identifier>
         <identifier type="United States Reports citation">325 U.S. 317</identifier>
         <relatedItem type="otherFormat" xlink:href="https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/USREPORTS-325/pdf/USREPORTS-325-317.pdf">
              <identifier type="FDsys Unique ID">D09002ee1d4d044c7</identifier>
        </relatedItem>
         <subject>
              <topic>Communications Act of 1934</topic>
              <topic>Administrative Law</topic>
              <topic>Telecommunications</topic>
              <topic>Public Utilities and Utility Rates</topic>
              <topic>Injunctions</topic>
              <topic>Washington, D.C.</topic>
              <topic>Judiciary</topic>
              <topic>Administrative Law and Regulatory Procedure</topic>
              <topic>Tariffs</topic>
              <topic>Commerce</topic>
              <topic>Telephone Companies</topic>
              <topic>Federal Communications Commission (F.C.C.)</topic>
              <topic>District Courts</topic>
              <topic>Communications</topic>
              <topic>Federal and Some Few State Regulations of Public Utilities Regulation: Telephone or Telegraph Company</topic>
              <topic>Economic Activity</topic>
        </subject>
         <extension>
              <searchTitle>United States reports : cases adjudged in the Supreme Court at October term, 1944, from April 23, 1945 (concluded) to and including (in part) June 18, 1945;Ambassador, Inc. v. United States, 325 U.S. 317 (1945);325 U.S. 317</searchTitle>
              <granuleClass>CASE</granuleClass>
              <accessId>USREPORTS-325-317</accessId>
              <reportNumber>317</reportNumber>
              <sequenceNumber>21</sequenceNumber>
              <pagePosition>1</pagePosition>
              <decisionDate>1945-05-21</decisionDate>
              <courtTerm>1944</courtTerm>
              <usCitation>325 U.S. 317</usCitation>
              <fullCitation>325 U.S. 317 (1945)</fullCitation>
              <subject authority="llc" uri="https://www.loc.gov/research-centers/law-library-of-congress/about-this-research-center">
                                        
                   <topic>Communications Act of 1934</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Administrative Law</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Telecommunications</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Public Utilities and Utility Rates</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Injunctions</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Washington, D.C.</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Judiciary</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Administrative Law and Regulatory Procedure</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Tariffs</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Commerce</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Telephone Companies</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Federal Communications Commission (F.C.C.)</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>District Courts</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Communications</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <subject authority="scdb" uri="http://scdb.wustl.edu/documentation.php?var=issue">
                                        
                   <topic>Federal and Some Few State Regulations of Public Utilities Regulation: Telephone or Telegraph Company</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Economic Activity</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <docketId>1944-157-01</docketId>
              <petitioner>Business, corporation</petitioner>
              <respondent>United States</respondent>
              <jurisdiction>Appeal</jurisdiction>
              <caseOrigin>District Of Columbia U.S. District Court</caseOrigin>
              <caseSource>District Of Columbia U.S. District Court</caseSource>
              <certReason>Case did not arise on cert or cert not granted</certReason>
              <chiefJustice>Harlan Fiske Stone</chiefJustice>
              <dateArgument>1945-03-09</dateArgument>
              <authorityDecision>Statutory construction</authorityDecision>
              <law>
                                        
                   <type>Federal Statute</type>
                                        
                   <legalProvisions>Public Utility Regulatory Policy</legalProvisions>
                                    
            </law>
              <decisionType>Opinion of the court (orally argued)</decisionType>
              <unconstitutionality>No declaration of unconstitutionality</unconstitutionality>
              <disposition>Affirmed (includes modified)</disposition>
              <partyWinning>No favorable disposition for petitioning party apparent</partyWinning>
              <majorityOpinion>
                                        
                   <writer>Robert Houghwout Jackson</writer>
                                        
                   <assigner>Harlan Fiske Stone</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
              <votes>
                                        
                   <majority>7</majority>
                                        
                   <minority>0</minority>
                                    
            </votes>
        </extension>
         <location>
              <url displayLabel="Content Detail" access="object in context">https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/USREPORTS-325/USREPORTS-325-317</url>
              <url access="raw object" displayLabel="PDF rendition">https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/USREPORTS-325/pdf/USREPORTS-325-317.pdf</url>
        </location>
    </relatedItem>
    <relatedItem type="constituent" ID="id-USREPORTS-325-327" xlink:href="https://www.govinfo.gov/metadata/granule/USREPORTS-325/USREPORTS-325-327/mods.xml">
         <titleInfo>
              <title>Sinclair Co. v. Interchemical Corp., 325 U.S. 327 (1945)</title>
              <partNumber>325 U.S. 327</partNumber>
              <partName>Case</partName>
        </titleInfo>
         <identifier type="uri">https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/USREPORTS-325/USREPORTS-325-327</identifier>
         <identifier type="preferred citation">325 U.S. 327 (1945)</identifier>
         <identifier type="United States Reports citation">325 U.S. 327</identifier>
         <relatedItem type="otherFormat" xlink:href="https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/USREPORTS-325/pdf/USREPORTS-325-327.pdf">
              <identifier type="FDsys Unique ID">D09002ee1d4d044df</identifier>
        </relatedItem>
         <subject>
              <topic>Printing Ink</topic>
              <topic>Intellectual Property</topic>
              <topic>Energy</topic>
              <topic>Patent Validity</topic>
              <topic>Evidence</topic>
              <topic>Patent Infringement</topic>
              <topic>Intellectual Property Law</topic>
              <topic>Manufacturing</topic>
              <topic>Commerce</topic>
              <topic>Goods and Services</topic>
              <topic>Patents</topic>
              <topic>Patents and Copyrights: Patent</topic>
              <topic>Economic Activity</topic>
        </subject>
         <extension>
              <searchTitle>United States reports : cases adjudged in the Supreme Court at October term, 1944, from April 23, 1945 (concluded) to and including (in part) June 18, 1945;Sinclair Co. v. Interchemical Corp., 325 U.S. 327 (1945);325 U.S. 327</searchTitle>
              <granuleClass>CASE</granuleClass>
              <accessId>USREPORTS-325-327</accessId>
              <reportNumber>327</reportNumber>
              <sequenceNumber>22</sequenceNumber>
              <pagePosition>1</pagePosition>
              <decisionDate>1945-05-21</decisionDate>
              <courtTerm>1944</courtTerm>
              <usCitation>325 U.S. 327</usCitation>
              <fullCitation>325 U.S. 327 (1945)</fullCitation>
              <subject authority="llc" uri="https://www.loc.gov/research-centers/law-library-of-congress/about-this-research-center">
                                        
                   <topic>Printing Ink</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Intellectual Property</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Energy</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Patent Validity</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Evidence</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Patent Infringement</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Intellectual Property Law</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Manufacturing</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Commerce</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Goods and Services</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Patents</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <subject authority="scdb" uri="http://scdb.wustl.edu/documentation.php?var=issue">
                                        
                   <topic>Patents and Copyrights: Patent</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Economic Activity</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <docketId>1944-155-01</docketId>
              <petitioner>Defendant</petitioner>
              <respondent>Inventor, patent assigner, trademark owner or holder</respondent>
              <jurisdiction>Cert</jurisdiction>
              <caseOrigin>New York Southern U.S. District Court</caseOrigin>
              <caseSource>U.S. Court of Appeals, Second Circuit</caseSource>
              <certReason>No reason given</certReason>
              <chiefJustice>Harlan Fiske Stone</chiefJustice>
              <dateArgument>1945-04-05</dateArgument>
              <authorityDecision>Supreme Court supervision of lower federal or state courts or original jurisdiction</authorityDecision>
              <law>
                                        
                   <type>No Legal Provision</type>
                                        
                   <legalProvisions>No Legal Provision</legalProvisions>
                                    
            </law>
              <decisionType>Opinion of the court (orally argued)</decisionType>
              <unconstitutionality>No declaration of unconstitutionality</unconstitutionality>
              <disposition>Reversed</disposition>
              <partyWinning>Petitioning party received a favorable disposition</partyWinning>
              <majorityOpinion>
                                        
                   <writer>Robert Houghwout Jackson</writer>
                                        
                   <assigner>Harlan Fiske Stone</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
              <votes>
                                        
                   <majority>9</majority>
                                        
                   <minority>0</minority>
                                    
            </votes>
        </extension>
         <location>
              <url displayLabel="Content Detail" access="object in context">https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/USREPORTS-325/USREPORTS-325-327</url>
              <url access="raw object" displayLabel="PDF rendition">https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/USREPORTS-325/pdf/USREPORTS-325-327.pdf</url>
        </location>
    </relatedItem>
    <relatedItem type="constituent" ID="id-USREPORTS-325-335" xlink:href="https://www.govinfo.gov/metadata/granule/USREPORTS-325/USREPORTS-325-335/mods.xml">
         <titleInfo>
              <title>Mine Workers v. Eagle-Picher Co., 325 U.S. 335 (1945)</title>
              <partNumber>325 U.S. 335</partNumber>
              <partName>Case</partName>
        </titleInfo>
         <identifier type="uri">https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/USREPORTS-325/USREPORTS-325-335</identifier>
         <identifier type="preferred citation">325 U.S. 335 (1945)</identifier>
         <identifier type="United States Reports citation">325 U.S. 335</identifier>
         <relatedItem type="otherFormat" xlink:href="https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/USREPORTS-325/pdf/USREPORTS-325-335.pdf">
              <identifier type="FDsys Unique ID">D09002ee1d4d044b9</identifier>
        </relatedItem>
         <subject>
              <topic>Labor Unions</topic>
              <topic>Labor-Management Relations</topic>
              <topic>Back Wages</topic>
              <topic>Labor and Employment Law</topic>
              <topic>Labor</topic>
              <topic>National Labor Relations Board (N.L.R.B.)</topic>
              <topic>Remedies</topic>
              <topic>Civil Procedure</topic>
              <topic>Back Pay</topic>
              <topic>Business Ethics</topic>
              <topic>Wages and Hours</topic>
              <topic>Commerce</topic>
              <topic>Unfair Labor Practices</topic>
              <topic>National Labor Relations Act (N.L.R.A.)</topic>
              <topic>Administrative Law and Regulatory Procedure</topic>
              <topic>Judicial Review of Administrative Agency&apos;s or Administrative Official&apos;s Actions and Procedures</topic>
              <topic>Judicial Power</topic>
        </subject>
         <extension>
              <searchTitle>United States reports : cases adjudged in the Supreme Court at October term, 1944, from April 23, 1945 (concluded) to and including (in part) June 18, 1945;Mine Workers v. Eagle-Picher Co., 325 U.S. 335 (1945);325 U.S. 335</searchTitle>
              <granuleClass>CASE</granuleClass>
              <accessId>USREPORTS-325-335</accessId>
              <reportNumber>335</reportNumber>
              <sequenceNumber>23</sequenceNumber>
              <pagePosition>1</pagePosition>
              <decisionDate>1945-05-28</decisionDate>
              <courtTerm>1944</courtTerm>
              <usCitation>325 U.S. 335</usCitation>
              <fullCitation>325 U.S. 335 (1945)</fullCitation>
              <subject authority="llc" uri="https://www.loc.gov/research-centers/law-library-of-congress/about-this-research-center">
                                        
                   <topic>Labor Unions</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Labor-Management Relations</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Back Wages</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Labor and Employment Law</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Labor</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>National Labor Relations Board (N.L.R.B.)</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Remedies</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Civil Procedure</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Back Pay</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Business Ethics</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Wages and Hours</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Commerce</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Unfair Labor Practices</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>National Labor Relations Act (N.L.R.A.)</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Administrative Law and Regulatory Procedure</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <subject authority="scdb" uri="http://scdb.wustl.edu/documentation.php?var=issue">
                                        
                   <topic>Judicial Review of Administrative Agency&apos;s or Administrative Official&apos;s Actions and Procedures</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Judicial Power</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <docketId>1944-113-01</docketId>
              <petitioner>Union, labor organization, or official of</petitioner>
              <respondent>Mining company or miner, excluding coal, oil, or pipeline company</respondent>
              <jurisdiction>Cert</jurisdiction>
              <adminAction>National Labor Relations Board, or regional office or officer</adminAction>
              <caseOrigin>U.S. Court of Appeals, Eighth Circuit</caseOrigin>
              <caseSource>U.S. Court of Appeals, Eighth Circuit</caseSource>
              <certReason>To resolve important or significant question</certReason>
              <chiefJustice>Harlan Fiske Stone</chiefJustice>
              <dateArgument>1945-01-31</dateArgument>
              <authorityDecision>Interpretation of administrative regulation or rule, or executive order</authorityDecision>
              <law>
                                        
                   <type>No Legal Provision</type>
                                        
                   <legalProvisions>No Legal Provision</legalProvisions>
                                    
            </law>
              <decisionType>Opinion of the court (orally argued)</decisionType>
              <unconstitutionality>No declaration of unconstitutionality</unconstitutionality>
              <disposition>Affirmed (includes modified)</disposition>
              <partyWinning>No favorable disposition for petitioning party apparent</partyWinning>
              <majorityOpinion>
                                        
                   <writer>Owen Josephus Roberts</writer>
                                        
                   <assigner>Harlan Fiske Stone</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
              <votes>
                                        
                   <majority>5</majority>
                                        
                   <minority>4</minority>
                                    
            </votes>
        </extension>
         <location>
              <url displayLabel="Content Detail" access="object in context">https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/USREPORTS-325/USREPORTS-325-335</url>
              <url access="raw object" displayLabel="PDF rendition">https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/USREPORTS-325/pdf/USREPORTS-325-335.pdf</url>
        </location>
    </relatedItem>
    <relatedItem type="constituent" ID="id-USREPORTS-325-357" xlink:href="https://www.govinfo.gov/metadata/granule/USREPORTS-325/USREPORTS-325-357/mods.xml">
         <titleInfo>
              <title>U.S. v. Capital Transit Co., 325 U.S. 357 (1945)</title>
              <partNumber>325 U.S. 357</partNumber>
              <partName>Case</partName>
        </titleInfo>
         <identifier type="uri">https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/USREPORTS-325/USREPORTS-325-357</identifier>
         <identifier type="preferred citation">325 U.S. 357 (1945)</identifier>
         <identifier type="United States Reports citation">325 U.S. 357</identifier>
         <relatedItem type="otherFormat" xlink:href="https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/USREPORTS-325/pdf/USREPORTS-325-357.pdf">
              <identifier type="FDsys Unique ID">D09002ee1d4d044e1</identifier>
        </relatedItem>
         <subject>
              <topic>Administrative Law</topic>
              <topic>Jurisdiction and Venue</topic>
              <topic>Motor Carriers</topic>
              <topic>Navy</topic>
              <topic>Commercial Zones</topic>
              <topic>Passenger Fares</topic>
              <topic>Government</topic>
              <topic>Interstate Commerce</topic>
              <topic>Injunctions</topic>
              <topic>Interstate Commerce Commission (I.C.C.)</topic>
              <topic>Washington, D.C.</topic>
              <topic>Virginia</topic>
              <topic>Transportation and Public Works</topic>
              <topic>Administrative Law and Regulatory Procedure</topic>
              <topic>Transportation Costs</topic>
              <topic>Armed Forces</topic>
              <topic>Commerce</topic>
              <topic>National Security</topic>
              <topic>Officials and Employees</topic>
              <topic>Military Personnel</topic>
              <topic>Federal and Some Few State Regulation of Transportation Regulation:Truck, or Motor Carrier</topic>
              <topic>Economic Activity</topic>
        </subject>
         <extension>
              <searchTitle>United States reports : cases adjudged in the Supreme Court at October term, 1944, from April 23, 1945 (concluded) to and including (in part) June 18, 1945;U.S. v. Capital Transit Co., 325 U.S. 357 (1945);325 U.S. 357</searchTitle>
              <granuleClass>CASE</granuleClass>
              <accessId>USREPORTS-325-357</accessId>
              <reportNumber>357</reportNumber>
              <sequenceNumber>24</sequenceNumber>
              <pagePosition>1</pagePosition>
              <decisionDate>1945-05-28</decisionDate>
              <courtTerm>1944</courtTerm>
              <usCitation>325 U.S. 357</usCitation>
              <fullCitation>325 U.S. 357 (1945)</fullCitation>
              <subject authority="llc" uri="https://www.loc.gov/research-centers/law-library-of-congress/about-this-research-center">
                                        
                   <topic>Administrative Law</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Jurisdiction and Venue</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Motor Carriers</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Navy</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Commercial Zones</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Passenger Fares</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Government</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Interstate Commerce</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Injunctions</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Interstate Commerce Commission (I.C.C.)</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Washington, D.C.</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Virginia</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Transportation and Public Works</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Administrative Law and Regulatory Procedure</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Transportation Costs</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Armed Forces</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Commerce</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>National Security</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Officials and Employees</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Military Personnel</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <subject authority="scdb" uri="http://scdb.wustl.edu/documentation.php?var=issue">
                                        
                   <topic>Federal and Some Few State Regulation of Transportation Regulation:Truck, or Motor Carrier</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Economic Activity</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <docketId>1944-095-01</docketId>
              <petitioner>United States</petitioner>
              <respondent>Bus or motorized passenger transportation vehicle</respondent>
              <jurisdiction>Appeal</jurisdiction>
              <adminAction>Interstate Commerce Commission</adminAction>
              <caseOrigin>District Of Columbia U.S. District Court</caseOrigin>
              <caseSource>District Of Columbia U.S. District Court</caseSource>
              <certReason>Case did not arise on cert or cert not granted</certReason>
              <chiefJustice>Harlan Fiske Stone</chiefJustice>
              <dateArgument>1945-04-03</dateArgument>
              <authorityDecision>Statutory construction</authorityDecision>
              <law>
                                        
                   <type>Federal Statute</type>
                                        
                   <legalProvisions>Motor Carrier</legalProvisions>
                                    
            </law>
              <decisionType>Opinion of the court (orally argued)</decisionType>
              <unconstitutionality>No declaration of unconstitutionality</unconstitutionality>
              <disposition>Reversed</disposition>
              <partyWinning>Petitioning party received a favorable disposition</partyWinning>
              <majorityOpinion>
                                        
                   <writer>Hugo Lafayette Black</writer>
                                        
                   <assigner>Harlan Fiske Stone</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
              <votes>
                                        
                   <majority>6</majority>
                                        
                   <minority>3</minority>
                                    
            </votes>
        </extension>
         <location>
              <url displayLabel="Content Detail" access="object in context">https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/USREPORTS-325/USREPORTS-325-357</url>
              <url access="raw object" displayLabel="PDF rendition">https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/USREPORTS-325/pdf/USREPORTS-325-357.pdf</url>
        </location>
    </relatedItem>
    <relatedItem type="constituent" ID="id-USREPORTS-325-365" xlink:href="https://www.govinfo.gov/metadata/granule/USREPORTS-325/USREPORTS-325-365/mods.xml">
         <titleInfo>
              <title>Trust of Bingham v. Comm&apos;r., 325 U.S. 365 (1945)</title>
              <partNumber>325 U.S. 365</partNumber>
              <partName>Case</partName>
        </titleInfo>
         <identifier type="uri">https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/USREPORTS-325/USREPORTS-325-365</identifier>
         <identifier type="preferred citation">325 U.S. 365 (1945)</identifier>
         <identifier type="United States Reports citation">325 U.S. 365</identifier>
         <relatedItem type="otherFormat" xlink:href="https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/USREPORTS-325/pdf/USREPORTS-325-365.pdf">
              <identifier type="FDsys Unique ID">D09002ee1d4d0444d</identifier>
        </relatedItem>
         <subject>
              <topic>Tax Law</topic>
              <topic>Wills, Trusts, and Estates Law</topic>
              <topic>Administrative Courts</topic>
              <topic>Testamentary Trust</topic>
              <topic>Trustees</topic>
              <topic>Transfer and Inheritance Tax</topic>
              <topic>Families</topic>
              <topic>Taxation</topic>
              <topic>Judiciary</topic>
              <topic>Tax Court</topic>
              <topic>Income Tax Deductions</topic>
              <topic>Internal Revenue Code</topic>
              <topic>Property</topic>
              <topic>Federal Taxation of Gifts, Personal, Business, or Professional Expenses</topic>
              <topic>Federal Taxation</topic>
        </subject>
         <extension>
              <searchTitle>United States reports : cases adjudged in the Supreme Court at October term, 1944, from April 23, 1945 (concluded) to and including (in part) June 18, 1945;Trust of Bingham v. Comm&apos;r., 325 U.S. 365 (1945);325 U.S. 365</searchTitle>
              <granuleClass>CASE</granuleClass>
              <accessId>USREPORTS-325-365</accessId>
              <reportNumber>365</reportNumber>
              <sequenceNumber>25</sequenceNumber>
              <pagePosition>1</pagePosition>
              <decisionDate>1945-06-04</decisionDate>
              <courtTerm>1944</courtTerm>
              <usCitation>325 U.S. 365</usCitation>
              <fullCitation>325 U.S. 365 (1945)</fullCitation>
              <subject authority="llc" uri="https://www.loc.gov/research-centers/law-library-of-congress/about-this-research-center">
                                        
                   <topic>Tax Law</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Wills, Trusts, and Estates Law</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Administrative Courts</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Testamentary Trust</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Trustees</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Transfer and Inheritance Tax</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Families</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Taxation</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Judiciary</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Tax Court</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Income Tax Deductions</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Internal Revenue Code</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Property</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <subject authority="scdb" uri="http://scdb.wustl.edu/documentation.php?var=issue">
                                        
                   <topic>Federal Taxation of Gifts, Personal, Business, or Professional Expenses</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Federal Taxation</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <docketId>1944-032-01</docketId>
              <petitioner>Taxpayer or executor of taxpayer&apos;s estate, federal only</petitioner>
              <respondent>Internal Revenue Service, Collector, Commissioner, or District Director of</respondent>
              <jurisdiction>Cert</jurisdiction>
              <adminAction>Internal Revenue Service, Collector, Commissioner, or District Director of</adminAction>
              <caseOrigin>U.S. Tax Court</caseOrigin>
              <caseSource>U.S. Court of Appeals, Second Circuit</caseSource>
              <certReason>Federal court conflict</certReason>
              <chiefJustice>Harlan Fiske Stone</chiefJustice>
              <dateArgument>1945-04-27</dateArgument>
              <authorityDecision>Statutory construction</authorityDecision>
              <authorityDecision>Supreme Court supervision of lower federal or state courts or original jurisdiction</authorityDecision>
              <law>
                                        
                   <type>Federal Statute</type>
                                        
                   <legalProvisions>Internal Revenue Code and pre-IRC revenue acts</legalProvisions>
                                    
            </law>
              <decisionType>Opinion of the court (orally argued)</decisionType>
              <unconstitutionality>No declaration of unconstitutionality</unconstitutionality>
              <disposition>Reversed</disposition>
              <partyWinning>Petitioning party received a favorable disposition</partyWinning>
              <majorityOpinion>
                                        
                   <writer>Harlan Fiske Stone</writer>
                                        
                   <assigner>Harlan Fiske Stone</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
              <votes>
                                        
                   <majority>9</majority>
                                        
                   <minority>0</minority>
                                    
            </votes>
        </extension>
         <location>
              <url displayLabel="Content Detail" access="object in context">https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/USREPORTS-325/USREPORTS-325-365</url>
              <url access="raw object" displayLabel="PDF rendition">https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/USREPORTS-325/pdf/USREPORTS-325-365.pdf</url>
        </location>
    </relatedItem>
    <relatedItem type="constituent" ID="id-USREPORTS-325-385" xlink:href="https://www.govinfo.gov/metadata/granule/USREPORTS-325/USREPORTS-325-385/mods.xml">
         <titleInfo>
              <title>American Power Co. v. S.E.C., 325 U.S. 385 (1945)</title>
              <partNumber>325 U.S. 385</partNumber>
              <partName>Case</partName>
        </titleInfo>
         <identifier type="uri">https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/USREPORTS-325/USREPORTS-325-385</identifier>
         <identifier type="preferred citation">325 U.S. 385 (1945)</identifier>
         <identifier type="United States Reports citation">325 U.S. 385</identifier>
         <relatedItem type="otherFormat" xlink:href="https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/USREPORTS-325/pdf/USREPORTS-325-385.pdf">
              <identifier type="FDsys Unique ID">D09002ee1d4d044cb</identifier>
        </relatedItem>
         <subject>
              <topic>Finance and Financial Sector</topic>
              <topic>Fraud and Financial Crimes</topic>
              <topic>Administrative Law</topic>
              <topic>Energy</topic>
              <topic>Administrative Proceedings</topic>
              <topic>Public Utility Holding Company Act of 1935</topic>
              <topic>Public Utilities and Utility Rates</topic>
              <topic>Dividends</topic>
              <topic>Administrative Law and Regulatory Procedure</topic>
              <topic>Crime and Law Enforcement</topic>
              <topic>Florida</topic>
              <topic>Securities</topic>
              <topic>Federal or State Regulation of Securities</topic>
              <topic>Economic Activity</topic>
        </subject>
         <extension>
              <searchTitle>United States reports : cases adjudged in the Supreme Court at October term, 1944, from April 23, 1945 (concluded) to and including (in part) June 18, 1945;American Power Co. v. S.E.C., 325 U.S. 385 (1945);325 U.S. 385</searchTitle>
              <granuleClass>CASE</granuleClass>
              <accessId>USREPORTS-325-385</accessId>
              <reportNumber>385</reportNumber>
              <sequenceNumber>26</sequenceNumber>
              <pagePosition>1</pagePosition>
              <decisionDate>1945-06-04</decisionDate>
              <courtTerm>1944</courtTerm>
              <usCitation>325 U.S. 385</usCitation>
              <fullCitation>325 U.S. 385 (1945)</fullCitation>
              <subject authority="llc" uri="https://www.loc.gov/research-centers/law-library-of-congress/about-this-research-center">
                                        
                   <topic>Finance and Financial Sector</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Fraud and Financial Crimes</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Administrative Law</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Energy</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Administrative Proceedings</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Public Utility Holding Company Act of 1935</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Public Utilities and Utility Rates</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Dividends</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Administrative Law and Regulatory Procedure</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Crime and Law Enforcement</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Florida</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Securities</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <subject authority="scdb" uri="http://scdb.wustl.edu/documentation.php?var=issue">
                                        
                   <topic>Federal or State Regulation of Securities</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Economic Activity</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <docketId>1944-033-01</docketId>
              <petitioner>Business, corporation</petitioner>
              <respondent>Securities and Exchange Commission</respondent>
              <jurisdiction>Cert</jurisdiction>
              <adminAction>Securities and Exchange Commission</adminAction>
              <caseOrigin>U.S. Court of Appeals, First Circuit</caseOrigin>
              <caseSource>U.S. Court of Appeals, First Circuit</caseSource>
              <certReason>Federal court conflict</certReason>
              <chiefJustice>Harlan Fiske Stone</chiefJustice>
              <dateArgument>1945-04-26</dateArgument>
              <authorityDecision>Statutory construction</authorityDecision>
              <authorityDecision>Supreme Court supervision of lower federal or state courts or original jurisdiction</authorityDecision>
              <law>
                                        
                   <type>Federal Statute</type>
                                        
                   <legalProvisions>Public Utility Regulatory Policy</legalProvisions>
                                    
            </law>
              <decisionType>Opinion of the court (orally argued)</decisionType>
              <unconstitutionality>No declaration of unconstitutionality</unconstitutionality>
              <disposition>Reversed</disposition>
              <partyWinning>Petitioning party received a favorable disposition</partyWinning>
              <majorityOpinion>
                                        
                   <writer>Owen Josephus Roberts</writer>
                                        
                   <assigner>Harlan Fiske Stone</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
              <votes>
                                        
                   <majority>6</majority>
                                        
                   <minority>3</minority>
                                    
            </votes>
        </extension>
         <location>
              <url displayLabel="Content Detail" access="object in context">https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/USREPORTS-325/USREPORTS-325-385</url>
              <url access="raw object" displayLabel="PDF rendition">https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/USREPORTS-325/pdf/USREPORTS-325-385.pdf</url>
        </location>
    </relatedItem>
    <relatedItem type="constituent" ID="id-USREPORTS-325-398" xlink:href="https://www.govinfo.gov/metadata/granule/USREPORTS-325/USREPORTS-325-398/mods.xml">
         <titleInfo>
              <title>Akins v. Texas, 325 U.S. 398 (1945)</title>
              <partNumber>325 U.S. 398</partNumber>
              <partName>Case</partName>
        </titleInfo>
         <identifier type="uri">https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/USREPORTS-325/USREPORTS-325-398</identifier>
         <identifier type="preferred citation">325 U.S. 398 (1945)</identifier>
         <identifier type="United States Reports citation">325 U.S. 398</identifier>
         <relatedItem type="otherFormat" xlink:href="https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/USREPORTS-325/pdf/USREPORTS-325-398.pdf">
              <identifier type="FDsys Unique ID">D09002ee1d4d044a8</identifier>
        </relatedItem>
         <subject>
              <topic>Minority Rights</topic>
              <topic>Juries</topic>
              <topic>Homicide</topic>
              <topic>Discrimination</topic>
              <topic>Due Process</topic>
              <topic>Grand Jury</topic>
              <topic>Racial Discrimination</topic>
              <topic>Human Rights and Civil Liberties</topic>
              <topic>Dallas County</topic>
              <topic>Equal Protection</topic>
              <topic>African Americans</topic>
              <topic>Texas</topic>
              <topic>Court Organization</topic>
              <topic>Crime and Law Enforcement</topic>
              <topic>Jury Selection</topic>
              <topic>Fourteenth Amendment</topic>
              <topic>Constitutional Law</topic>
              <topic>Criminal Law and Procedure</topic>
              <topic>Miscellaneous Criminal Procedure (Cf. Due Process, Prisoners&apos; Rights, Comity: Criminal Procedure)</topic>
              <topic>Criminal Procedure</topic>
        </subject>
         <extension>
              <searchTitle>United States reports : cases adjudged in the Supreme Court at October term, 1944, from April 23, 1945 (concluded) to and including (in part) June 18, 1945;Akins v. Texas, 325 U.S. 398 (1945);325 U.S. 398</searchTitle>
              <granuleClass>CASE</granuleClass>
              <accessId>USREPORTS-325-398</accessId>
              <reportNumber>398</reportNumber>
              <sequenceNumber>27</sequenceNumber>
              <pagePosition>1</pagePosition>
              <decisionDate>1945-06-04</decisionDate>
              <courtTerm>1944</courtTerm>
              <usCitation>325 U.S. 398</usCitation>
              <fullCitation>325 U.S. 398 (1945)</fullCitation>
              <subject authority="llc" uri="https://www.loc.gov/research-centers/law-library-of-congress/about-this-research-center">
                                        
                   <topic>Minority Rights</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Juries</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Homicide</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Discrimination</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Due Process</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Grand Jury</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Racial Discrimination</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Human Rights and Civil Liberties</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Dallas County</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Equal Protection</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>African Americans</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Texas</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Court Organization</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Crime and Law Enforcement</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Jury Selection</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Fourteenth Amendment</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Constitutional Law</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Criminal Law and Procedure</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <subject authority="scdb" uri="http://scdb.wustl.edu/documentation.php?var=issue">
                                        
                   <topic>Miscellaneous Criminal Procedure (Cf. Due Process, Prisoners&apos; Rights, Comity: Criminal Procedure)</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Criminal Procedure</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <docketId>1944-034-01</docketId>
              <petitioner>Person convicted of crime</petitioner>
              <respondent state="Texas">State</respondent>
              <jurisdiction>Cert</jurisdiction>
              <caseOrigin state="Texas">State Trial Court</caseOrigin>
              <caseSource state="Texas">State Supreme Court</caseSource>
              <certReason>To resolve important or significant question</certReason>
              <chiefJustice>Harlan Fiske Stone</chiefJustice>
              <dateArgument>1945-04-30</dateArgument>
              <authorityDecision>Judicial review (state level)</authorityDecision>
              <authorityDecision>Supreme Court supervision of lower federal or state courts or original jurisdiction</authorityDecision>
              <law>
                                        
                   <type>Constitutional Amendment</type>
                                        
                   <legalProvisions>Fourteenth Amendment (due process)</legalProvisions>
                                    
            </law>
              <decisionType>Opinion of the court (orally argued)</decisionType>
              <unconstitutionality>No declaration of unconstitutionality</unconstitutionality>
              <disposition>Affirmed (includes modified)</disposition>
              <partyWinning>No favorable disposition for petitioning party apparent</partyWinning>
              <majorityOpinion>
                                        
                   <writer>Stanley Forman Reed</writer>
                                        
                   <assigner>Owen Josephus Roberts</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
              <votes>
                                        
                   <majority>6</majority>
                                        
                   <minority>3</minority>
                                    
            </votes>
        </extension>
         <location>
              <url displayLabel="Content Detail" access="object in context">https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/USREPORTS-325/USREPORTS-325-398</url>
              <url access="raw object" displayLabel="PDF rendition">https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/USREPORTS-325/pdf/USREPORTS-325-398.pdf</url>
        </location>
    </relatedItem>
    <relatedItem type="constituent" ID="id-USREPORTS-325-410" xlink:href="https://www.govinfo.gov/metadata/granule/USREPORTS-325/USREPORTS-325-410/mods.xml">
         <titleInfo>
              <title>Bowles v. Seminole Rock Co., 325 U.S. 410 (1945)</title>
              <partNumber>325 U.S. 410</partNumber>
              <partName>Case</partName>
        </titleInfo>
         <identifier type="uri">https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/USREPORTS-325/USREPORTS-325-410</identifier>
         <identifier type="preferred citation">325 U.S. 410 (1945)</identifier>
         <identifier type="United States Reports citation">325 U.S. 410</identifier>
         <relatedItem type="otherFormat" xlink:href="https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/USREPORTS-325/pdf/USREPORTS-325-410.pdf">
              <identifier type="FDsys Unique ID">D09002ee1d4d044a1</identifier>
        </relatedItem>
         <subject>
              <topic>Administrative Law</topic>
              <topic>Energy</topic>
              <topic>Legislative History</topic>
              <topic>Emergency Price Control Act of 1942</topic>
              <topic>Legislative Bodies</topic>
              <topic>Government</topic>
              <topic>Public Contracts and Procurement</topic>
              <topic>Public Utilities and Utility Rates</topic>
              <topic>Maximum Price Regulation No. 188</topic>
              <topic>Maximum Prices</topic>
              <topic>Contracts</topic>
              <topic>Administrative Law and Regulatory Procedure</topic>
              <topic>Federal or State Consumer Protection: Typically Under the Truth in Lending, Food, Drug and Cosmetic, and Consumer Protection Credit Acts</topic>
              <topic>Economic Activity</topic>
        </subject>
         <extension>
              <searchTitle>United States reports : cases adjudged in the Supreme Court at October term, 1944, from April 23, 1945 (concluded) to and including (in part) June 18, 1945;Bowles v. Seminole Rock Co., 325 U.S. 410 (1945);325 U.S. 410</searchTitle>
              <granuleClass>CASE</granuleClass>
              <accessId>USREPORTS-325-410</accessId>
              <reportNumber>410</reportNumber>
              <sequenceNumber>28</sequenceNumber>
              <pagePosition>1</pagePosition>
              <decisionDate>1945-06-04</decisionDate>
              <courtTerm>1944</courtTerm>
              <usCitation>325 U.S. 410</usCitation>
              <fullCitation>325 U.S. 410 (1945)</fullCitation>
              <subject authority="llc" uri="https://www.loc.gov/research-centers/law-library-of-congress/about-this-research-center">
                                        
                   <topic>Administrative Law</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Energy</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Legislative History</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Emergency Price Control Act of 1942</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Legislative Bodies</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Government</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Public Contracts and Procurement</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Public Utilities and Utility Rates</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Maximum Price Regulation No. 188</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Maximum Prices</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Contracts</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Administrative Law and Regulatory Procedure</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <subject authority="scdb" uri="http://scdb.wustl.edu/documentation.php?var=issue">
                                        
                   <topic>Federal or State Consumer Protection: Typically Under the Truth in Lending, Food, Drug and Cosmetic, and Consumer Protection Credit Acts</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Economic Activity</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <docketId>1944-069-01</docketId>
              <petitioner>Office of Price Administration, or Price Administrator</petitioner>
              <respondent>Manufacturer</respondent>
              <jurisdiction>Cert</jurisdiction>
              <caseOrigin>Florida Southern U.S. District Court</caseOrigin>
              <caseSource>U.S. Court of Appeals, Fifth Circuit</caseSource>
              <certReason>To resolve important or significant question</certReason>
              <chiefJustice>Harlan Fiske Stone</chiefJustice>
              <dateArgument>1945-04-26</dateArgument>
              <authorityDecision>Statutory construction</authorityDecision>
              <law>
                                        
                   <type>Federal Statute</type>
                                        
                   <legalProvisions>Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic, and related statutes</legalProvisions>
                                    
            </law>
              <decisionType>Opinion of the court (orally argued)</decisionType>
              <unconstitutionality>No declaration of unconstitutionality</unconstitutionality>
              <disposition>Reversed</disposition>
              <partyWinning>Petitioning party received a favorable disposition</partyWinning>
              <majorityOpinion>
                                        
                   <writer>Frank Murphy</writer>
                                        
                   <assigner>Harlan Fiske Stone</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
              <votes>
                                        
                   <majority>8</majority>
                                        
                   <minority>1</minority>
                                    
            </votes>
        </extension>
         <location>
              <url displayLabel="Content Detail" access="object in context">https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/USREPORTS-325/USREPORTS-325-410</url>
              <url access="raw object" displayLabel="PDF rendition">https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/USREPORTS-325/pdf/USREPORTS-325-410.pdf</url>
        </location>
    </relatedItem>
    <relatedItem type="constituent" ID="id-USREPORTS-325-419" xlink:href="https://www.govinfo.gov/metadata/granule/USREPORTS-325/USREPORTS-325-419/mods.xml">
         <titleInfo>
              <title>Walling v. Hardwood Co., 325 U.S. 419 (1945)</title>
              <partNumber>325 U.S. 419</partNumber>
              <partName>Case</partName>
        </titleInfo>
         <identifier type="uri">https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/USREPORTS-325/USREPORTS-325-419</identifier>
         <identifier type="preferred citation">325 U.S. 419 (1945)</identifier>
         <identifier type="United States Reports citation">325 U.S. 419</identifier>
         <relatedItem type="otherFormat" xlink:href="https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/USREPORTS-325/pdf/USREPORTS-325-419.pdf">
              <identifier type="FDsys Unique ID">D09002ee1d4d044de</identifier>
        </relatedItem>
         <subject>
              <topic>Fair Labor Standards Act (F.L.S.A.)</topic>
              <topic>Labor-Management Relations</topic>
              <topic>Labor and Employment Law</topic>
              <topic>Government</topic>
              <topic>Interstate Commerce</topic>
              <topic>Labor</topic>
              <topic>Injunctions</topic>
              <topic>Minimum Hourly Rates</topic>
              <topic>Contracts</topic>
              <topic>Wage Contracts</topic>
              <topic>Overtime Wages</topic>
              <topic>Administrative Law and Regulatory Procedure</topic>
              <topic>Wages and Hours</topic>
              <topic>Manufacturing</topic>
              <topic>Commerce</topic>
              <topic>Fair Labor Standards Act</topic>
              <topic>Unions</topic>
        </subject>
         <extension>
              <searchTitle>United States reports : cases adjudged in the Supreme Court at October term, 1944, from April 23, 1945 (concluded) to and including (in part) June 18, 1945;Walling v. Hardwood Co., 325 U.S. 419 (1945);325 U.S. 419</searchTitle>
              <granuleClass>CASE</granuleClass>
              <accessId>USREPORTS-325-419</accessId>
              <reportNumber>419</reportNumber>
              <sequenceNumber>29</sequenceNumber>
              <pagePosition>1</pagePosition>
              <decisionDate>1945-06-04</decisionDate>
              <courtTerm>1944</courtTerm>
              <usCitation>325 U.S. 419</usCitation>
              <fullCitation>325 U.S. 419 (1945)</fullCitation>
              <subject authority="llc" uri="https://www.loc.gov/research-centers/law-library-of-congress/about-this-research-center">
                                        
                   <topic>Fair Labor Standards Act (F.L.S.A.)</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Labor-Management Relations</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Labor and Employment Law</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Government</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Interstate Commerce</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Labor</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Injunctions</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Minimum Hourly Rates</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Contracts</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Wage Contracts</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Overtime Wages</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Administrative Law and Regulatory Procedure</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Wages and Hours</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Manufacturing</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Commerce</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <subject authority="scdb" uri="http://scdb.wustl.edu/documentation.php?var=issue">
                                        
                   <topic>Fair Labor Standards Act</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Unions</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <docketId>1944-111-01</docketId>
              <petitioner>Department or Secretary of Labor</petitioner>
              <respondent>Employer. If employer&apos;s relations with employees are governed by the nature of the employer&apos;s business (e.g., railroad, boat), rather than labor law generally, the more specific designation is used in place of Employer.</respondent>
              <jurisdiction>Cert</jurisdiction>
              <adminAction>Department or Secretary of Labor</adminAction>
              <caseOrigin>Alabama Middle U.S. District Court</caseOrigin>
              <caseSource>U.S. Court of Appeals, Fifth Circuit</caseSource>
              <certReason>To resolve important or significant question</certReason>
              <chiefJustice>Harlan Fiske Stone</chiefJustice>
              <dateArgument>1945-05-01</dateArgument>
              <authorityDecision>Statutory construction</authorityDecision>
              <law>
                                        
                   <type>Federal Statute</type>
                                        
                   <legalProvisions>Fair Labor Standards</legalProvisions>
                                    
            </law>
              <decisionType>Opinion of the court (orally argued)</decisionType>
              <unconstitutionality>No declaration of unconstitutionality</unconstitutionality>
              <disposition>Reversed and remanded</disposition>
              <partyWinning>Petitioning party received a favorable disposition</partyWinning>
              <majorityOpinion>
                                        
                   <writer>Frank Murphy</writer>
                                        
                   <assigner>Owen Josephus Roberts</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
              <votes>
                                        
                   <majority>8</majority>
                                        
                   <minority>1</minority>
                                    
            </votes>
        </extension>
         <location>
              <url displayLabel="Content Detail" access="object in context">https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/USREPORTS-325/USREPORTS-325-419</url>
              <url access="raw object" displayLabel="PDF rendition">https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/USREPORTS-325/pdf/USREPORTS-325-419.pdf</url>
        </location>
    </relatedItem>
    <relatedItem type="constituent" ID="id-USREPORTS-325-427" xlink:href="https://www.govinfo.gov/metadata/granule/USREPORTS-325/USREPORTS-325-427/mods.xml">
         <titleInfo>
              <title>Walling v. Harnischfeger Corp., 325 U.S. 427 (1944)</title>
              <partNumber>325 U.S. 427</partNumber>
              <partName>Case</partName>
        </titleInfo>
         <identifier type="uri">https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/USREPORTS-325/USREPORTS-325-427</identifier>
         <identifier type="preferred citation">325 U.S. 427 (1944)</identifier>
         <identifier type="United States Reports citation">325 U.S. 427</identifier>
         <relatedItem type="otherFormat" xlink:href="https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/USREPORTS-325/pdf/USREPORTS-325-427.pdf">
              <identifier type="FDsys Unique ID">D09002ee1d4d044a2</identifier>
        </relatedItem>
         <subject>
              <topic>Fair Labor Standards Act (F.L.S.A.)</topic>
              <topic>Labor Unions</topic>
              <topic>Labor-Management Relations</topic>
              <topic>Administrative Courts</topic>
              <topic>Labor and Employment Law</topic>
              <topic>Wage Agreements</topic>
              <topic>Piece Workers</topic>
              <topic>Labor</topic>
              <topic>Collective Bargaining</topic>
              <topic>Hourly Wage Rates</topic>
              <topic>Minimum Hourly Rates</topic>
              <topic>Wage Contracts</topic>
              <topic>Judiciary</topic>
              <topic>Administrative Law and Regulatory Procedure</topic>
              <topic>Wages and Hours</topic>
              <topic>Commerce</topic>
              <topic>Goods and Services</topic>
              <topic>Compensation</topic>
              <topic>Incentive Bonuses</topic>
              <topic>Fair Labor Standards Act</topic>
              <topic>Unions</topic>
        </subject>
         <extension>
              <searchTitle>United States reports : cases adjudged in the Supreme Court at October term, 1944, from April 23, 1945 (concluded) to and including (in part) June 18, 1945;Walling v. Harnischfeger Corp., 325 U.S. 427 (1944);325 U.S. 427</searchTitle>
              <granuleClass>CASE</granuleClass>
              <accessId>USREPORTS-325-427</accessId>
              <reportNumber>427</reportNumber>
              <sequenceNumber>30</sequenceNumber>
              <pagePosition>1</pagePosition>
              <decisionDate>1945-06-04</decisionDate>
              <courtTerm>1944</courtTerm>
              <usCitation>325 U.S. 427</usCitation>
              <fullCitation>325 U.S. 427 (1944)</fullCitation>
              <subject authority="llc" uri="https://www.loc.gov/research-centers/law-library-of-congress/about-this-research-center">
                                        
                   <topic>Fair Labor Standards Act (F.L.S.A.)</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Labor Unions</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Labor-Management Relations</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Administrative Courts</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Labor and Employment Law</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Wage Agreements</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Piece Workers</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Labor</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Collective Bargaining</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Hourly Wage Rates</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Minimum Hourly Rates</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Wage Contracts</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Judiciary</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Administrative Law and Regulatory Procedure</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Wages and Hours</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Commerce</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Goods and Services</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Compensation</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Incentive Bonuses</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <subject authority="scdb" uri="http://scdb.wustl.edu/documentation.php?var=issue">
                                        
                   <topic>Fair Labor Standards Act</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Unions</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <docketId>1944-112-01</docketId>
              <petitioner>Department or Secretary of Labor</petitioner>
              <respondent>Employer. If employer&apos;s relations with employees are governed by the nature of the employer&apos;s business (e.g., railroad, boat), rather than labor law generally, the more specific designation is used in place of Employer.</respondent>
              <jurisdiction>Cert</jurisdiction>
              <adminAction>Department or Secretary of Labor</adminAction>
              <caseOrigin>Wisconsin Eastern U.S. District Court</caseOrigin>
              <caseSource>U.S. Court of Appeals, Seventh Circuit</caseSource>
              <certReason>No reason given</certReason>
              <chiefJustice>Harlan Fiske Stone</chiefJustice>
              <dateArgument>1945-05-01</dateArgument>
              <authorityDecision>Statutory construction</authorityDecision>
              <law>
                                        
                   <type>Federal Statute</type>
                                        
                   <legalProvisions>Fair Labor Standards</legalProvisions>
                                    
            </law>
              <decisionType>Opinion of the court (orally argued)</decisionType>
              <unconstitutionality>No declaration of unconstitutionality</unconstitutionality>
              <disposition>Reversed</disposition>
              <partyWinning>Petitioning party received a favorable disposition</partyWinning>
              <majorityOpinion>
                                        
                   <writer>Frank Murphy</writer>
                                        
                   <assigner>Hugo Lafayette Black</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
              <votes>
                                        
                   <majority>7</majority>
                                        
                   <minority>2</minority>
                                    
            </votes>
        </extension>
         <location>
              <url displayLabel="Content Detail" access="object in context">https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/USREPORTS-325/USREPORTS-325-427</url>
              <url access="raw object" displayLabel="PDF rendition">https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/USREPORTS-325/pdf/USREPORTS-325-427.pdf</url>
        </location>
    </relatedItem>
    <relatedItem type="constituent" ID="id-USREPORTS-325-442" xlink:href="https://www.govinfo.gov/metadata/granule/USREPORTS-325/USREPORTS-325-442/mods.xml">
         <titleInfo>
              <title>Comm&apos;r. v. Disston, 325 U.S. 442 (1945)</title>
              <partNumber>325 U.S. 442</partNumber>
              <partName>Case</partName>
        </titleInfo>
         <identifier type="uri">https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/USREPORTS-325/USREPORTS-325-442</identifier>
         <identifier type="preferred citation">325 U.S. 442 (1945)</identifier>
         <identifier type="United States Reports citation">325 U.S. 442</identifier>
         <relatedItem type="otherFormat" xlink:href="https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/USREPORTS-325/pdf/USREPORTS-325-442.pdf">
              <identifier type="FDsys Unique ID">D09002ee1d4d044cf</identifier>
        </relatedItem>
         <subject>
              <topic>Finance and Financial Sector</topic>
              <topic>Revenue Act of 1935</topic>
              <topic>Revenue Act of 1932</topic>
              <topic>Wills, Trusts, and Estates Law</topic>
              <topic>Transfer and Inheritance Tax</topic>
              <topic>Economics and Public Finance</topic>
              <topic>Gift Tax</topic>
              <topic>Taxation</topic>
              <topic>Securities</topic>
              <topic>Monetary Policy</topic>
              <topic>Priority of Federal Fiscal Claims: Over Those of the States or Private Entities</topic>
              <topic>Federal Taxation</topic>
        </subject>
         <extension>
              <searchTitle>United States reports : cases adjudged in the Supreme Court at October term, 1944, from April 23, 1945 (concluded) to and including (in part) June 18, 1945;Comm&apos;r. v. Disston, 325 U.S. 442 (1945);325 U.S. 442</searchTitle>
              <granuleClass>CASE</granuleClass>
              <accessId>USREPORTS-325-442</accessId>
              <reportNumber>442</reportNumber>
              <sequenceNumber>31</sequenceNumber>
              <pagePosition>1</pagePosition>
              <decisionDate>1945-06-04</decisionDate>
              <courtTerm>1944</courtTerm>
              <usCitation>325 U.S. 442</usCitation>
              <fullCitation>325 U.S. 442 (1945)</fullCitation>
              <subject authority="llc" uri="https://www.loc.gov/research-centers/law-library-of-congress/about-this-research-center">
                                        
                   <topic>Finance and Financial Sector</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Revenue Act of 1935</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Revenue Act of 1932</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Wills, Trusts, and Estates Law</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Transfer and Inheritance Tax</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Economics and Public Finance</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Gift Tax</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Taxation</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Securities</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Monetary Policy</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <subject authority="scdb" uri="http://scdb.wustl.edu/documentation.php?var=issue">
                                        
                   <topic>Priority of Federal Fiscal Claims: Over Those of the States or Private Entities</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Federal Taxation</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <docketId>1944-035-01</docketId>
              <petitioner>Immigration and Naturalization Service, or Director of, or District Director of, or Immigration and Naturalization Enforcement</petitioner>
              <respondent>Taxpayer or executor of taxpayer&apos;s estate, federal only</respondent>
              <jurisdiction>Cert</jurisdiction>
              <adminAction>Internal Revenue Service, Collector, Commissioner, or District Director of</adminAction>
              <caseOrigin>U.S. Tax Court</caseOrigin>
              <caseSource>U.S. Court of Appeals, Third Circuit</caseSource>
              <certReason>No reason given</certReason>
              <chiefJustice>Harlan Fiske Stone</chiefJustice>
              <dateArgument>1945-04-24</dateArgument>
              <authorityDecision>Statutory construction</authorityDecision>
              <law>
                                        
                   <type>Infrequently litigated statutes</type>
                                        
                   <legalProvisions>Infrequently litigated statutes</legalProvisions>
                                    
            </law>
              <decisionType>Opinion of the court (orally argued)</decisionType>
              <unconstitutionality>No declaration of unconstitutionality</unconstitutionality>
              <disposition>Reversed</disposition>
              <partyWinning>Petitioning party received a favorable disposition</partyWinning>
              <majorityOpinion>
                                        
                   <writer>Wiley Blount Rutledge</writer>
                                        
                   <assigner>Harlan Fiske Stone</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
              <votes>
                                        
                   <majority>9</majority>
                                        
                   <minority>0</minority>
                                    
            </votes>
        </extension>
         <location>
              <url displayLabel="Content Detail" access="object in context">https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/USREPORTS-325/USREPORTS-325-442</url>
              <url access="raw object" displayLabel="PDF rendition">https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/USREPORTS-325/pdf/USREPORTS-325-442.pdf</url>
        </location>
    </relatedItem>
    <relatedItem type="constituent" ID="id-USREPORTS-325-450" xlink:href="https://www.govinfo.gov/metadata/granule/USREPORTS-325/USREPORTS-325-450/mods.xml">
         <titleInfo>
              <title>Federation of Labor v. McAdory, 325 U.S. 450 (1945)</title>
              <partNumber>325 U.S. 450</partNumber>
              <partName>Case</partName>
        </titleInfo>
         <identifier type="uri">https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/USREPORTS-325/USREPORTS-325-450</identifier>
         <identifier type="preferred citation">325 U.S. 450 (1945)</identifier>
         <identifier type="United States Reports citation">325 U.S. 450</identifier>
         <relatedItem type="otherFormat" xlink:href="https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/USREPORTS-325/pdf/USREPORTS-325-450.pdf">
              <identifier type="FDsys Unique ID">D09002ee1d4d044ba</identifier>
        </relatedItem>
         <subject>
              <topic>First Amendment</topic>
              <topic>Railroads</topic>
              <topic>Transportation and Public Works</topic>
              <topic>Evidence</topic>
              <topic>Labor Unions</topic>
              <topic>Labor and Employment Law</topic>
              <topic>Due Process</topic>
              <topic>Labor</topic>
              <topic>Freedom of Speech</topic>
              <topic>Equal Protection</topic>
              <topic>National Labor Relations Board (N.L.R.B.)</topic>
              <topic>Police Powers</topic>
              <topic>Freedom of Assembly</topic>
              <topic>Civil Procedure</topic>
              <topic>State and Local Laws</topic>
              <topic>Worker Safety and Health</topic>
              <topic>Bradford Act</topic>
              <topic>Fourteenth Amendment</topic>
              <topic>Constitutional Law</topic>
              <topic>Labor Organizations</topic>
              <topic>National Labor Relations Act (N.L.R.A.)</topic>
              <topic>Administrative Law and Regulatory Procedure</topic>
              <topic>Standing to Sue: Justiciable Question</topic>
              <topic>Judicial Power</topic>
        </subject>
         <extension>
              <searchTitle>United States reports : cases adjudged in the Supreme Court at October term, 1944, from April 23, 1945 (concluded) to and including (in part) June 18, 1945;Federation of Labor v. McAdory, 325 U.S. 450 (1945);325 U.S. 450</searchTitle>
              <granuleClass>CASE</granuleClass>
              <accessId>USREPORTS-325-450</accessId>
              <reportNumber>450</reportNumber>
              <sequenceNumber>32</sequenceNumber>
              <pagePosition>1</pagePosition>
              <decisionDate>1945-06-11</decisionDate>
              <courtTerm>1944</courtTerm>
              <usCitation>325 U.S. 450</usCitation>
              <fullCitation>325 U.S. 450 (1945)</fullCitation>
              <subject authority="llc" uri="https://www.loc.gov/research-centers/law-library-of-congress/about-this-research-center">
                                        
                   <topic>First Amendment</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Railroads</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Transportation and Public Works</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Evidence</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Labor Unions</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Labor and Employment Law</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Due Process</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Labor</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Freedom of Speech</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Equal Protection</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>National Labor Relations Board (N.L.R.B.)</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Police Powers</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Freedom of Assembly</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Civil Procedure</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>State and Local Laws</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Worker Safety and Health</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Bradford Act</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Fourteenth Amendment</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Constitutional Law</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Labor Organizations</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>National Labor Relations Act (N.L.R.A.)</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Administrative Law and Regulatory Procedure</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <subject authority="scdb" uri="http://scdb.wustl.edu/documentation.php?var=issue">
                                        
                   <topic>Standing to Sue: Justiciable Question</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Judicial Power</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <docketId>1944-104-01</docketId>
              <petitioner>Union, labor organization, or official of</petitioner>
              <respondent state="Alabama">County government or county governmental unit, except school district</respondent>
              <jurisdiction>Cert</jurisdiction>
              <adminAction state="Alabama">State Agency</adminAction>
              <caseOrigin state="Alabama">State Trial Court</caseOrigin>
              <caseSource state="Alabama">State Supreme Court</caseSource>
              <certReason>No reason given</certReason>
              <chiefJustice>Harlan Fiske Stone</chiefJustice>
              <dateArgument>1945-04-03</dateArgument>
              <authorityDecision>Statutory construction</authorityDecision>
              <law>
                                        
                   <type>Federal Statute</type>
                                        
                   <legalProvisions>National Labor Relations, as amended</legalProvisions>
                                    
            </law>
              <decisionType>Opinion of the court (orally argued)</decisionType>
              <unconstitutionality>No declaration of unconstitutionality</unconstitutionality>
              <disposition>Petition denied or appeal dismissed</disposition>
              <partyWinning>No favorable disposition for petitioning party apparent</partyWinning>
              <majorityOpinion>
                                        
                   <writer>Harlan Fiske Stone</writer>
                                        
                   <assigner>Harlan Fiske Stone</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
              <votes>
                                        
                   <majority>9</majority>
                                        
                   <minority>0</minority>
                                    
            </votes>
        </extension>
         <location>
              <url displayLabel="Content Detail" access="object in context">https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/USREPORTS-325/USREPORTS-325-450</url>
              <url access="raw object" displayLabel="PDF rendition">https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/USREPORTS-325/pdf/USREPORTS-325-450.pdf</url>
        </location>
    </relatedItem>
    <relatedItem type="constituent" ID="id-USREPORTS-325-472" xlink:href="https://www.govinfo.gov/metadata/granule/USREPORTS-325/USREPORTS-325-472/mods.xml">
         <titleInfo>
              <title>C.I.O. v. McAdory, 325 U.S. 472 (1945)</title>
              <partNumber>325 U.S. 472</partNumber>
              <partName>Case</partName>
        </titleInfo>
         <identifier type="uri">https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/USREPORTS-325/USREPORTS-325-472</identifier>
         <identifier type="preferred citation">325 U.S. 472 (1945)</identifier>
         <identifier type="United States Reports citation">325 U.S. 472</identifier>
         <relatedItem type="otherFormat" xlink:href="https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/USREPORTS-325/pdf/USREPORTS-325-472.pdf">
              <identifier type="FDsys Unique ID">D09002ee1d4d044ce</identifier>
        </relatedItem>
         <subject>
              <topic>Railroads</topic>
              <topic>Transportation and Public Works</topic>
              <topic>Labor Unions</topic>
              <topic>Labor and Employment Law</topic>
              <topic>Due Process</topic>
              <topic>Labor</topic>
              <topic>Collective Bargaining</topic>
              <topic>Equal Protection</topic>
              <topic>Congress of Industrial Organizations (C.I.O.)</topic>
              <topic>State and Local Courts</topic>
              <topic>Civil Procedure</topic>
              <topic>Worker Safety and Health</topic>
              <topic>Bradford Act</topic>
              <topic>Constitutional Law</topic>
              <topic>Alabama</topic>
              <topic>Labor Organizations</topic>
              <topic>National Labor Relations Act (N.L.R.A.)</topic>
              <topic>Standing to Sue: Adversary Parties</topic>
              <topic>Judicial Power</topic>
        </subject>
         <extension>
              <searchTitle>United States reports : cases adjudged in the Supreme Court at October term, 1944, from April 23, 1945 (concluded) to and including (in part) June 18, 1945;C.I.O. v. McAdory, 325 U.S. 472 (1945);325 U.S. 472</searchTitle>
              <granuleClass>CASE</granuleClass>
              <accessId>USREPORTS-325-472</accessId>
              <reportNumber>472</reportNumber>
              <sequenceNumber>33</sequenceNumber>
              <pagePosition>1</pagePosition>
              <decisionDate>1945-06-11</decisionDate>
              <courtTerm>1944</courtTerm>
              <usCitation>325 U.S. 472</usCitation>
              <fullCitation>325 U.S. 472 (1945)</fullCitation>
              <subject authority="llc" uri="https://www.loc.gov/research-centers/law-library-of-congress/about-this-research-center">
                                        
                   <topic>Railroads</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Transportation and Public Works</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Labor Unions</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Labor and Employment Law</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Due Process</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Labor</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Collective Bargaining</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Equal Protection</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Congress of Industrial Organizations (C.I.O.)</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>State and Local Courts</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Civil Procedure</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Worker Safety and Health</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Bradford Act</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Constitutional Law</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Alabama</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Labor Organizations</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>National Labor Relations Act (N.L.R.A.)</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <subject authority="scdb" uri="http://scdb.wustl.edu/documentation.php?var=issue">
                                        
                   <topic>Standing to Sue: Adversary Parties</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Judicial Power</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <docketId>1944-105-01</docketId>
              <petitioner>Union, labor organization, or official of</petitioner>
              <respondent state="Alabama">County government or county governmental unit, except school district</respondent>
              <jurisdiction>Cert</jurisdiction>
              <caseOrigin state="Alabama">State Trial Court</caseOrigin>
              <caseSource state="Alabama">State Supreme Court</caseSource>
              <certReason>No reason given</certReason>
              <chiefJustice>Harlan Fiske Stone</chiefJustice>
              <dateArgument>1945-04-03</dateArgument>
              <authorityDecision>Judicial review (state level)</authorityDecision>
              <authorityDecision>Supreme Court supervision of lower federal or state courts or original jurisdiction</authorityDecision>
              <law>
                                        
                   <type>Constitution</type>
                                        
                   <legalProvisions>Article III, Section 2, Paragraph 1 (case or controversy requirement)</legalProvisions>
                                    
            </law>
              <decisionType>Opinion of the court (orally argued)</decisionType>
              <unconstitutionality>No declaration of unconstitutionality</unconstitutionality>
              <disposition>Petition denied or appeal dismissed</disposition>
              <partyWinning>No favorable disposition for petitioning party apparent</partyWinning>
              <majorityOpinion>
                                        
                   <writer>Harlan Fiske Stone</writer>
                                        
                   <assigner>Harlan Fiske Stone</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
              <votes>
                                        
                   <majority>9</majority>
                                        
                   <minority>0</minority>
                                    
            </votes>
        </extension>
         <location>
              <url displayLabel="Content Detail" access="object in context">https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/USREPORTS-325/USREPORTS-325-472</url>
              <url access="raw object" displayLabel="PDF rendition">https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/USREPORTS-325/pdf/USREPORTS-325-472.pdf</url>
        </location>
    </relatedItem>
    <relatedItem type="constituent" ID="id-USREPORTS-325-478" xlink:href="https://www.govinfo.gov/metadata/granule/USREPORTS-325/USREPORTS-325-478/mods.xml">
         <titleInfo>
              <title>Keegan v. United States, 325 U.S. 478 (1945)</title>
              <partNumber>325 U.S. 478</partNumber>
              <partName>Case</partName>
        </titleInfo>
         <identifier type="uri">https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/USREPORTS-325/USREPORTS-325-478</identifier>
         <identifier type="preferred citation">325 U.S. 478 (1945)</identifier>
         <identifier type="United States Reports citation">325 U.S. 478</identifier>
         <relatedItem type="otherFormat" xlink:href="https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/USREPORTS-325/pdf/USREPORTS-325-478.pdf">
              <identifier type="FDsys Unique ID">D09002ee1d4d044a7</identifier>
        </relatedItem>
         <subject>
              <topic>West Europe</topic>
              <topic>Evidence</topic>
              <topic>Conspiracy</topic>
              <topic>Human Rights and Civil Liberties</topic>
              <topic>Military Procurement</topic>
              <topic>War</topic>
              <topic>Germany</topic>
              <topic>International Affairs</topic>
              <topic>Crime and Law Enforcement</topic>
              <topic>World War II</topic>
              <topic>National Security</topic>
              <topic>Criminal Law and Procedure</topic>
              <topic>Protest and Dissent</topic>
              <topic>Subconstitutional Fair Procedure: Presentation, Admissibility, or Sufficiency of Evidence (Not Necessarily a Criminal Case)</topic>
              <topic>Criminal Procedure</topic>
        </subject>
         <extension>
              <searchTitle>United States reports : cases adjudged in the Supreme Court at October term, 1944, from April 23, 1945 (concluded) to and including (in part) June 18, 1945;Keegan v. United States, 325 U.S. 478 (1945);325 U.S. 478</searchTitle>
              <granuleClass>CASE</granuleClass>
              <accessId>USREPORTS-325-478</accessId>
              <reportNumber>478</reportNumber>
              <sequenceNumber>34</sequenceNumber>
              <pagePosition>1</pagePosition>
              <decisionDate>1945-06-11</decisionDate>
              <courtTerm>1944</courtTerm>
              <usCitation>325 U.S. 478</usCitation>
              <fullCitation>325 U.S. 478 (1945)</fullCitation>
              <subject authority="llc" uri="https://www.loc.gov/research-centers/law-library-of-congress/about-this-research-center">
                                        
                   <topic>West Europe</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Evidence</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Conspiracy</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Human Rights and Civil Liberties</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Military Procurement</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>War</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Germany</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>International Affairs</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Crime and Law Enforcement</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>World War II</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>National Security</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Criminal Law and Procedure</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Protest and Dissent</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <subject authority="scdb" uri="http://scdb.wustl.edu/documentation.php?var=issue">
                                        
                   <topic>Subconstitutional Fair Procedure: Presentation, Admissibility, or Sufficiency of Evidence (Not Necessarily a Criminal Case)</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Criminal Procedure</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <docketId>1944-028-01</docketId>
              <petitioner>Prisoner, inmate of penal institution</petitioner>
              <respondent>United States</respondent>
              <jurisdiction>Cert</jurisdiction>
              <caseOrigin>New York Southern U.S. District Court</caseOrigin>
              <caseSource>U.S. Court of Appeals, Second Circuit</caseSource>
              <certReason>No reason given</certReason>
              <chiefJustice>Harlan Fiske Stone</chiefJustice>
              <dateArgument>1944-11-09</dateArgument>
              <authorityDecision>Supreme Court supervision of lower federal or state courts or original jurisdiction</authorityDecision>
              <law>
                                        
                   <type>Federal Statute</type>
                                        
                   <legalProvisions>Selective Service, Military Selective Service, or Universal Military Service and Training Acts</legalProvisions>
                                    
            </law>
              <decisionType>Judgment of the Court (orally argued)</decisionType>
              <unconstitutionality>No declaration of unconstitutionality</unconstitutionality>
              <disposition>Reversed and remanded</disposition>
              <partyWinning>Petitioning party received a favorable disposition</partyWinning>
              <majorityOpinion>
                                        
                   <writer>Owen Josephus Roberts</writer>
                                        
                   <assigner>Owen Josephus Roberts</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
              <votes>
                                        
                   <majority>5</majority>
                                        
                   <minority>4</minority>
                                    
            </votes>
        </extension>
         <location>
              <url displayLabel="Content Detail" access="object in context">https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/USREPORTS-325/USREPORTS-325-478</url>
              <url access="raw object" displayLabel="PDF rendition">https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/USREPORTS-325/pdf/USREPORTS-325-478.pdf</url>
        </location>
    </relatedItem>
    <relatedItem type="constituent" ID="id-USREPORTS-325-507" xlink:href="https://www.govinfo.gov/metadata/granule/USREPORTS-325/USREPORTS-325-507/mods.xml">
         <titleInfo>
              <title>North Carolina v. United States, 325 U.S. 507 (1945)</title>
              <partNumber>325 U.S. 507</partNumber>
              <partName>Case</partName>
        </titleInfo>
         <identifier type="uri">https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/USREPORTS-325/USREPORTS-325-507</identifier>
         <identifier type="preferred citation">325 U.S. 507 (1945)</identifier>
         <identifier type="United States Reports citation">325 U.S. 507</identifier>
         <relatedItem type="otherFormat" xlink:href="https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/USREPORTS-325/pdf/USREPORTS-325-507.pdf">
              <identifier type="FDsys Unique ID">D09002ee1d4d044b3</identifier>
        </relatedItem>
         <subject>
              <topic>Public Transit</topic>
              <topic>Railroads</topic>
              <topic>Passenger Rates</topic>
              <topic>Commuters</topic>
              <topic>Interstate Commerce</topic>
              <topic>Unjust Discrimination</topic>
              <topic>Interstate Commerce Commission (I.C.C.)</topic>
              <topic>Government</topic>
              <topic>Transportation and Public Works</topic>
              <topic>Commercial Law</topic>
              <topic>Administrative Law and Regulatory Procedure</topic>
              <topic>Transportation Costs</topic>
              <topic>Commerce</topic>
              <topic>Appropriations</topic>
              <topic>Interstate Commerce Act of 1887</topic>
              <topic>Sufficiency of Evidence: Typically in the Context of a Jury&apos;s Determination of Compensation for Injury or Death</topic>
              <topic>Economic Activity</topic>
        </subject>
         <extension>
              <searchTitle>United States reports : cases adjudged in the Supreme Court at October term, 1944, from April 23, 1945 (concluded) to and including (in part) June 18, 1945;North Carolina v. United States, 325 U.S. 507 (1945);325 U.S. 507</searchTitle>
              <granuleClass>CASE</granuleClass>
              <accessId>USREPORTS-325-507</accessId>
              <reportNumber>507</reportNumber>
              <sequenceNumber>35</sequenceNumber>
              <pagePosition>1</pagePosition>
              <decisionDate>1945-06-11</decisionDate>
              <courtTerm>1944</courtTerm>
              <usCitation>325 U.S. 507</usCitation>
              <fullCitation>325 U.S. 507 (1945)</fullCitation>
              <subject authority="llc" uri="https://www.loc.gov/research-centers/law-library-of-congress/about-this-research-center">
                                        
                   <topic>Public Transit</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Railroads</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Passenger Rates</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Commuters</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Interstate Commerce</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Unjust Discrimination</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Interstate Commerce Commission (I.C.C.)</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Government</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Transportation and Public Works</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Commercial Law</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Administrative Law and Regulatory Procedure</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Transportation Costs</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Commerce</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Appropriations</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Interstate Commerce Act of 1887</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <subject authority="scdb" uri="http://scdb.wustl.edu/documentation.php?var=issue">
                                        
                   <topic>Sufficiency of Evidence: Typically in the Context of a Jury&apos;s Determination of Compensation for Injury or Death</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Economic Activity</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <docketId>1944-093-01</docketId>
              <petitioner state="North Carolina">State</petitioner>
              <respondent>United States</respondent>
              <jurisdiction>Appeal</jurisdiction>
              <adminAction>Interstate Commerce Commission</adminAction>
              <caseOrigin>North Carolina Eastern U.S. District Court</caseOrigin>
              <caseSource>North Carolina Eastern U.S. District Court</caseSource>
              <certReason>Case did not arise on cert or cert not granted</certReason>
              <chiefJustice>Harlan Fiske Stone</chiefJustice>
              <dateArgument>1945-04-23</dateArgument>
              <authorityDecision>Federal common law</authorityDecision>
              <authorityDecision>Federal common law</authorityDecision>
              <law>
                                        
                   <type>No Legal Provision</type>
                                        
                   <legalProvisions>No Legal Provision</legalProvisions>
                                    
            </law>
              <decisionType>Opinion of the court (orally argued)</decisionType>
              <unconstitutionality>No declaration of unconstitutionality</unconstitutionality>
              <disposition>Reversed</disposition>
              <partyWinning>Petitioning party received a favorable disposition</partyWinning>
              <majorityOpinion>
                                        
                   <writer>Hugo Lafayette Black</writer>
                                        
                   <assigner>Hugo Lafayette Black</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
              <votes>
                                        
                   <majority>5</majority>
                                        
                   <minority>4</minority>
                                    
            </votes>
        </extension>
         <location>
              <url displayLabel="Content Detail" access="object in context">https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/USREPORTS-325/USREPORTS-325-507</url>
              <url access="raw object" displayLabel="PDF rendition">https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/USREPORTS-325/pdf/USREPORTS-325-507.pdf</url>
        </location>
    </relatedItem>
    <relatedItem type="constituent" ID="id-USREPORTS-325-535" xlink:href="https://www.govinfo.gov/metadata/granule/USREPORTS-325/USREPORTS-325-535/mods.xml">
         <titleInfo>
              <title>Alabama v. United States, 325 U.S. 535 (1945)</title>
              <partNumber>325 U.S. 535</partNumber>
              <partName>Case</partName>
        </titleInfo>
         <identifier type="uri">https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/USREPORTS-325/USREPORTS-325-535</identifier>
         <identifier type="preferred citation">325 U.S. 535 (1945)</identifier>
         <identifier type="United States Reports citation">325 U.S. 535</identifier>
         <relatedItem type="otherFormat" xlink:href="https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/USREPORTS-325/pdf/USREPORTS-325-535.pdf">
              <identifier type="FDsys Unique ID">D09002ee1d4d044d2</identifier>
        </relatedItem>
         <subject>
              <topic>Public Transit</topic>
              <topic>Railroads</topic>
              <topic>Commuters</topic>
              <topic>Interstate Commerce Commission (I.C.C.)</topic>
              <topic>Transportation Rates</topic>
              <topic>Commercial Law</topic>
              <topic>Administrative Law and Regulatory Procedure</topic>
              <topic>Transportation Costs</topic>
              <topic>Transportation and Public Works</topic>
              <topic>Commerce</topic>
              <topic>Appropriations</topic>
              <topic>Sufficiency of Evidence: Typically in the Context of a Jury&apos;s Determination of Compensation for Injury or Death</topic>
              <topic>Economic Activity</topic>
        </subject>
         <extension>
              <searchTitle>United States reports : cases adjudged in the Supreme Court at October term, 1944, from April 23, 1945 (concluded) to and including (in part) June 18, 1945;Alabama v. United States, 325 U.S. 535 (1945);325 U.S. 535</searchTitle>
              <granuleClass>CASE</granuleClass>
              <accessId>USREPORTS-325-535</accessId>
              <reportNumber>535</reportNumber>
              <sequenceNumber>36</sequenceNumber>
              <pagePosition>1</pagePosition>
              <decisionDate>1945-06-11</decisionDate>
              <courtTerm>1944</courtTerm>
              <usCitation>325 U.S. 535</usCitation>
              <fullCitation>325 U.S. 535 (1945)</fullCitation>
              <subject authority="llc" uri="https://www.loc.gov/research-centers/law-library-of-congress/about-this-research-center">
                                        
                   <topic>Public Transit</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Railroads</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Commuters</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Interstate Commerce Commission (I.C.C.)</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Transportation Rates</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Commercial Law</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Administrative Law and Regulatory Procedure</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Transportation Costs</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Transportation and Public Works</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Commerce</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Appropriations</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <subject authority="scdb" uri="http://scdb.wustl.edu/documentation.php?var=issue">
                                        
                   <topic>Sufficiency of Evidence: Typically in the Context of a Jury&apos;s Determination of Compensation for Injury or Death</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Economic Activity</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <docketId>1944-094-01</docketId>
              <petitioner state="Alabama">State</petitioner>
              <respondent>United States</respondent>
              <jurisdiction>Appeal</jurisdiction>
              <adminAction>Interstate Commerce Commission</adminAction>
              <caseOrigin>Kentucky Western U.S. District Court</caseOrigin>
              <caseSource>Kentucky Western U.S. District Court</caseSource>
              <certReason>Case did not arise on cert or cert not granted</certReason>
              <chiefJustice>Harlan Fiske Stone</chiefJustice>
              <dateArgument>1945-04-24</dateArgument>
              <authorityDecision>Federal common law</authorityDecision>
              <authorityDecision>Federal common law</authorityDecision>
              <law>
                                        
                   <type>No Legal Provision</type>
                                        
                   <legalProvisions>No Legal Provision</legalProvisions>
                                    
            </law>
              <decisionType>Opinion of the court (orally argued)</decisionType>
              <unconstitutionality>No declaration of unconstitutionality</unconstitutionality>
              <disposition>Reversed</disposition>
              <partyWinning>Petitioning party received a favorable disposition</partyWinning>
              <majorityOpinion>
                                        
                   <writer>Hugo Lafayette Black</writer>
                                        
                   <assigner>Hugo Lafayette Black</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
              <votes>
                                        
                   <majority>5</majority>
                                        
                   <minority>4</minority>
                                    
            </votes>
        </extension>
         <location>
              <url displayLabel="Content Detail" access="object in context">https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/USREPORTS-325/USREPORTS-325-535</url>
              <url access="raw object" displayLabel="PDF rendition">https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/USREPORTS-325/pdf/USREPORTS-325-535.pdf</url>
        </location>
    </relatedItem>
    <relatedItem type="constituent" ID="id-USREPORTS-325-538" xlink:href="https://www.govinfo.gov/metadata/granule/USREPORTS-325/USREPORTS-325-538/mods.xml">
         <titleInfo>
              <title>Hill v. Florida, 325 U.S. 538 (1945)</title>
              <partNumber>325 U.S. 538</partNumber>
              <partName>Case</partName>
        </titleInfo>
         <identifier type="uri">https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/USREPORTS-325/USREPORTS-325-538</identifier>
         <identifier type="preferred citation">325 U.S. 538 (1945)</identifier>
         <identifier type="United States Reports citation">325 U.S. 538</identifier>
         <relatedItem type="otherFormat" xlink:href="https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/USREPORTS-325/pdf/USREPORTS-325-538.pdf">
              <identifier type="FDsys Unique ID">D09002ee1d4d044c4</identifier>
        </relatedItem>
         <subject>
              <topic>Finance and Financial Sector</topic>
              <topic>Labor Unions</topic>
              <topic>Labor</topic>
              <topic>Labor and Employment Law</topic>
              <topic>Government</topic>
              <topic>Labor-Management Relations</topic>
              <topic>Collective Bargaining</topic>
              <topic>Injunctions</topic>
              <topic>Economics and Public Finance</topic>
              <topic>Licensing and Registration</topic>
              <topic>Administrative Law and Regulatory Procedure</topic>
              <topic>Fourteenth Amendment</topic>
              <topic>State and Local Finance</topic>
              <topic>National Labor Relations Act (N.L.R.A.)</topic>
              <topic>Labor-Management Disputes: Bargaining</topic>
              <topic>Unions</topic>
        </subject>
         <extension>
              <searchTitle>United States reports : cases adjudged in the Supreme Court at October term, 1944, from April 23, 1945 (concluded) to and including (in part) June 18, 1945;Hill v. Florida, 325 U.S. 538 (1945);325 U.S. 538</searchTitle>
              <granuleClass>CASE</granuleClass>
              <accessId>USREPORTS-325-538</accessId>
              <reportNumber>538</reportNumber>
              <sequenceNumber>37</sequenceNumber>
              <pagePosition>1</pagePosition>
              <decisionDate>1945-06-11</decisionDate>
              <courtTerm>1944</courtTerm>
              <usCitation>325 U.S. 538</usCitation>
              <fullCitation>325 U.S. 538 (1945)</fullCitation>
              <subject authority="llc" uri="https://www.loc.gov/research-centers/law-library-of-congress/about-this-research-center">
                                        
                   <topic>Finance and Financial Sector</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Labor Unions</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Labor</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Labor and Employment Law</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Government</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Labor-Management Relations</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Collective Bargaining</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Injunctions</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Economics and Public Finance</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Licensing and Registration</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Administrative Law and Regulatory Procedure</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Fourteenth Amendment</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>State and Local Finance</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>National Labor Relations Act (N.L.R.A.)</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <subject authority="scdb" uri="http://scdb.wustl.edu/documentation.php?var=issue">
                                        
                   <topic>Labor-Management Disputes: Bargaining</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Unions</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <docketId>1944-106-01</docketId>
              <petitioner>Union, labor organization, or official of</petitioner>
              <respondent state="Florida">State</respondent>
              <jurisdiction>Cert</jurisdiction>
              <adminAction state="Florida">State Agency</adminAction>
              <caseOrigin state="Florida">State Trial Court</caseOrigin>
              <caseSource state="Florida">State Supreme Court</caseSource>
              <certReason>To resolve question presented</certReason>
              <chiefJustice>Harlan Fiske Stone</chiefJustice>
              <dateArgument>1945-04-04</dateArgument>
              <authorityDecision>Interpretation of administrative regulation or rule, or executive order</authorityDecision>
              <authorityDecision>Statutory construction</authorityDecision>
              <law>
                                        
                   <type>Federal Statute</type>
                                        
                   <legalProvisions>National Labor Relations, as amended</legalProvisions>
                                    
            </law>
              <decisionType>Opinion of the court (orally argued)</decisionType>
              <unconstitutionality>No declaration of unconstitutionality</unconstitutionality>
              <disposition>Reversed and remanded</disposition>
              <partyWinning>Petitioning party received a favorable disposition</partyWinning>
              <majorityOpinion>
                                        
                   <writer>Hugo Lafayette Black</writer>
                                        
                   <assigner>Harlan Fiske Stone</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
              <votes>
                                        
                   <majority>7</majority>
                                        
                   <minority>2</minority>
                                    
            </votes>
        </extension>
         <location>
              <url displayLabel="Content Detail" access="object in context">https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/USREPORTS-325/USREPORTS-325-538</url>
              <url access="raw object" displayLabel="PDF rendition">https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/USREPORTS-325/pdf/USREPORTS-325-538.pdf</url>
        </location>
    </relatedItem>
    <relatedItem type="constituent" ID="id-USREPORTS-325-561" xlink:href="https://www.govinfo.gov/metadata/granule/USREPORTS-325/USREPORTS-325-561/mods.xml">
         <titleInfo>
              <title>In re Summers, 325 U.S. 561 (1945)</title>
              <partNumber>325 U.S. 561</partNumber>
              <partName>Case</partName>
        </titleInfo>
         <identifier type="uri">https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/USREPORTS-325/USREPORTS-325-561</identifier>
         <identifier type="preferred citation">325 U.S. 561 (1945)</identifier>
         <identifier type="United States Reports citation">325 U.S. 561</identifier>
         <relatedItem type="otherFormat" xlink:href="https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/USREPORTS-325/pdf/USREPORTS-325-561.pdf">
              <identifier type="FDsys Unique ID">D09002ee1d4d044b1</identifier>
        </relatedItem>
         <subject>
              <topic>First Amendment</topic>
              <topic>Article III</topic>
              <topic>Legal Training</topic>
              <topic>Illinois</topic>
              <topic>Due Process</topic>
              <topic>Human Rights and Civil Liberties</topic>
              <topic>Military Procurement</topic>
              <topic>Conscientious Objectors</topic>
              <topic>Legal Ethics</topic>
              <topic>U.S. Constitution</topic>
              <topic>Lawyers and Legal Services</topic>
              <topic>Civil Procedure</topic>
              <topic>Military Recruiting</topic>
              <topic>National Security</topic>
              <topic>Militias and Paramilitary Groups</topic>
              <topic>Fourteenth Amendment</topic>
              <topic>Constitutional Law</topic>
              <topic>Protest and Dissent</topic>
              <topic>Admission to a State or Federal Bar, Disbarment, and Attorney Discipline (Cf. Loyalty Oath: Bar Applicants)</topic>
              <topic>Attorneys</topic>
        </subject>
         <extension>
              <searchTitle>United States reports : cases adjudged in the Supreme Court at October term, 1944, from April 23, 1945 (concluded) to and including (in part) June 18, 1945;In re Summers, 325 U.S. 561 (1945);325 U.S. 561</searchTitle>
              <granuleClass>CASE</granuleClass>
              <accessId>USREPORTS-325-561</accessId>
              <reportNumber>561</reportNumber>
              <sequenceNumber>38</sequenceNumber>
              <pagePosition>1</pagePosition>
              <decisionDate>1945-06-11</decisionDate>
              <courtTerm>1944</courtTerm>
              <usCitation>325 U.S. 561</usCitation>
              <fullCitation>325 U.S. 561 (1945)</fullCitation>
              <subject authority="llc" uri="https://www.loc.gov/research-centers/law-library-of-congress/about-this-research-center">
                                        
                   <topic>First Amendment</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Article III</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Legal Training</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Illinois</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Due Process</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Human Rights and Civil Liberties</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Military Procurement</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Conscientious Objectors</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Legal Ethics</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>U.S. Constitution</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Lawyers and Legal Services</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Civil Procedure</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Military Recruiting</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>National Security</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Militias and Paramilitary Groups</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Fourteenth Amendment</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Constitutional Law</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Protest and Dissent</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <subject authority="scdb" uri="http://scdb.wustl.edu/documentation.php?var=issue">
                                        
                   <topic>Admission to a State or Federal Bar, Disbarment, and Attorney Discipline (Cf. Loyalty Oath: Bar Applicants)</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Attorneys</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <docketId>1944-029-01</docketId>
              <petitioner>Person subject to selective service, including conscientious objector</petitioner>
              <respondent state="Illinois">State or U.S. Supreme Court</respondent>
              <jurisdiction>Cert</jurisdiction>
              <caseOrigin state="Illinois">State Supreme Court</caseOrigin>
              <caseSource state="Illinois">State Supreme Court</caseSource>
              <certReason>To resolve important or significant question</certReason>
              <chiefJustice>Harlan Fiske Stone</chiefJustice>
              <dateArgument>1945-04-27</dateArgument>
              <authorityDecision>Judicial review (state level)</authorityDecision>
              <law>
                                        
                   <type>Constitutional Amendment</type>
                                        
                   <legalProvisions>First Amendment (free exercise of religion)</legalProvisions>
                                    
            </law>
              <decisionType>Opinion of the court (orally argued)</decisionType>
              <unconstitutionality>No declaration of unconstitutionality</unconstitutionality>
              <disposition>Affirmed and reversed (or vacated) in part</disposition>
              <partyWinning>Petitioning party received a favorable disposition</partyWinning>
              <majorityOpinion>
                                        
                   <writer>Stanley Forman Reed</writer>
                                        
                   <assigner>Harlan Fiske Stone</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
              <votes>
                                        
                   <majority>5</majority>
                                        
                   <minority>4</minority>
                                    
            </votes>
        </extension>
         <location>
              <url displayLabel="Content Detail" access="object in context">https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/USREPORTS-325/USREPORTS-325-561</url>
              <url access="raw object" displayLabel="PDF rendition">https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/USREPORTS-325/pdf/USREPORTS-325-561.pdf</url>
        </location>
    </relatedItem>
    <relatedItem type="constituent" ID="id-USREPORTS-325-578" xlink:href="https://www.govinfo.gov/metadata/granule/USREPORTS-325/USREPORTS-325-578/mods.xml">
         <titleInfo>
              <title>10 East 40th St. Co. v. Callus, 325 U.S. 578 (1945)</title>
              <partNumber>325 U.S. 578</partNumber>
              <partName>Case</partName>
        </titleInfo>
         <identifier type="uri">https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/USREPORTS-325/USREPORTS-325-578</identifier>
         <identifier type="preferred citation">325 U.S. 578 (1945)</identifier>
         <identifier type="United States Reports citation">325 U.S. 578</identifier>
         <relatedItem type="otherFormat" xlink:href="https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/USREPORTS-325/pdf/USREPORTS-325-578.pdf">
              <identifier type="FDsys Unique ID">D09002ee1d4d044dc</identifier>
        </relatedItem>
         <subject>
              <topic>Fair Labor Standards Act (F.L.S.A.)</topic>
              <topic>Labor-Management Relations</topic>
              <topic>Labor and Employment Law</topic>
              <topic>Interstate Commerce</topic>
              <topic>Labor</topic>
              <topic>Employee Benefits</topic>
              <topic>Overtime Wages</topic>
              <topic>Administrative Law and Regulatory Procedure</topic>
              <topic>Wages and Hours</topic>
              <topic>Commerce</topic>
              <topic>Goods and Services</topic>
              <topic>Real Estate</topic>
              <topic>National Labor Relations Act (N.L.R.A.)</topic>
              <topic>Fair Labor Standards Act</topic>
              <topic>Unions</topic>
        </subject>
         <extension>
              <searchTitle>United States reports : cases adjudged in the Supreme Court at October term, 1944, from April 23, 1945 (concluded) to and including (in part) June 18, 1945;10 East 40th St. Co. v. Callus, 325 U.S. 578 (1945);325 U.S. 578</searchTitle>
              <granuleClass>CASE</granuleClass>
              <accessId>USREPORTS-325-578</accessId>
              <reportNumber>578</reportNumber>
              <sequenceNumber>39</sequenceNumber>
              <pagePosition>1</pagePosition>
              <decisionDate>1945-06-11</decisionDate>
              <courtTerm>1944</courtTerm>
              <usCitation>325 U.S. 578</usCitation>
              <fullCitation>325 U.S. 578 (1945)</fullCitation>
              <subject authority="llc" uri="https://www.loc.gov/research-centers/law-library-of-congress/about-this-research-center">
                                        
                   <topic>Fair Labor Standards Act (F.L.S.A.)</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Labor-Management Relations</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Labor and Employment Law</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Interstate Commerce</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Labor</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Employee Benefits</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Overtime Wages</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Administrative Law and Regulatory Procedure</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Wages and Hours</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Commerce</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Goods and Services</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Real Estate</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>National Labor Relations Act (N.L.R.A.)</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <subject authority="scdb" uri="http://scdb.wustl.edu/documentation.php?var=issue">
                                        
                   <topic>Fair Labor Standards Act</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Unions</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <docketId>1944-107-01</docketId>
              <petitioner>Employer. If employer&apos;s relations with employees are governed by the nature of the employer&apos;s business (e.g., railroad, boat), rather than labor law generally, the more specific designation is used in place of Employer.</petitioner>
              <respondent>Employee, or job applicant, including beneficiaries of</respondent>
              <jurisdiction>Cert</jurisdiction>
              <caseOrigin>New York Southern U.S. District Court</caseOrigin>
              <caseSource>U.S. Court of Appeals, Second Circuit</caseSource>
              <certReason>Federal court conflict</certReason>
              <chiefJustice>Harlan Fiske Stone</chiefJustice>
              <dateArgument>1945-04-06</dateArgument>
              <authorityDecision>Statutory construction</authorityDecision>
              <law>
                                        
                   <type>Federal Statute</type>
                                        
                   <legalProvisions>Fair Labor Standards</legalProvisions>
                                    
            </law>
              <decisionType>Opinion of the court (orally argued)</decisionType>
              <unconstitutionality>No declaration of unconstitutionality</unconstitutionality>
              <disposition>Reversed</disposition>
              <partyWinning>Petitioning party received a favorable disposition</partyWinning>
              <majorityOpinion>
                                        
                   <writer>Felix Frankfurter</writer>
                                        
                   <assigner>Harlan Fiske Stone</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
              <votes>
                                        
                   <majority>5</majority>
                                        
                   <minority>4</minority>
                                    
            </votes>
        </extension>
         <location>
              <url displayLabel="Content Detail" access="object in context">https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/USREPORTS-325/USREPORTS-325-578</url>
              <url access="raw object" displayLabel="PDF rendition">https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/USREPORTS-325/pdf/USREPORTS-325-578.pdf</url>
        </location>
    </relatedItem>
    <relatedItem type="constituent" ID="id-USREPORTS-325-589" xlink:href="https://www.govinfo.gov/metadata/granule/USREPORTS-325/USREPORTS-325-589/mods.xml">
         <titleInfo>
              <title>Nebraska v. Wyoming, 325 U.S. 589 (1945)</title>
              <partNumber>325 U.S. 589</partNumber>
              <partName>Case</partName>
        </titleInfo>
         <identifier type="uri">https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/USREPORTS-325/USREPORTS-325-589</identifier>
         <identifier type="preferred citation">325 U.S. 589 (1945)</identifier>
         <identifier type="United States Reports citation">325 U.S. 589</identifier>
         <relatedItem type="otherFormat" xlink:href="https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/USREPORTS-325/pdf/USREPORTS-325-589.pdf">
              <identifier type="FDsys Unique ID">D09002ee1d4d044ca</identifier>
        </relatedItem>
         <subject>
              <topic>Riparian Rights</topic>
              <topic>Boundaries</topic>
              <topic>Water Law</topic>
              <topic>Government</topic>
              <topic>State and Local Government</topic>
              <topic>Environment</topic>
              <topic>North Platte River</topic>
              <topic>Rivers and Waterways</topic>
              <topic>Nebraska State Constitution</topic>
              <topic>Buildings and Property</topic>
              <topic>Platte River</topic>
              <topic>Maps and Mapping</topic>
              <topic>Kendrick Project</topic>
              <topic>Water Diversion</topic>
              <topic>Real Estate</topic>
              <topic>Non-Real Property Dispute Between States</topic>
              <topic>Interstate Relations</topic>
        </subject>
         <extension>
              <searchTitle>United States reports : cases adjudged in the Supreme Court at October term, 1944, from April 23, 1945 (concluded) to and including (in part) June 18, 1945;Nebraska v. Wyoming, 325 U.S. 589 (1945);325 U.S. 589</searchTitle>
              <granuleClass>CASE</granuleClass>
              <accessId>USREPORTS-325-589</accessId>
              <reportNumber>589</reportNumber>
              <sequenceNumber>40</sequenceNumber>
              <pagePosition>1</pagePosition>
              <decisionDate>1945-06-11</decisionDate>
              <courtTerm>1944</courtTerm>
              <usCitation>325 U.S. 589</usCitation>
              <fullCitation>325 U.S. 589 (1945)</fullCitation>
              <subject authority="llc" uri="https://www.loc.gov/research-centers/law-library-of-congress/about-this-research-center">
                                        
                   <topic>Riparian Rights</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Boundaries</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Water Law</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Government</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>State and Local Government</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Environment</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>North Platte River</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Rivers and Waterways</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Nebraska State Constitution</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Buildings and Property</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Platte River</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Maps and Mapping</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Kendrick Project</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Water Diversion</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Real Estate</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <subject authority="scdb" uri="http://scdb.wustl.edu/documentation.php?var=issue">
                                        
                   <topic>Non-Real Property Dispute Between States</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Interstate Relations</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <docketId>1944-079-01</docketId>
              <petitioner state="Nebraska">State</petitioner>
              <respondent state="Wyoming">State</respondent>
              <jurisdiction>Original</jurisdiction>
              <certReason>Case did not arise on cert or cert not granted</certReason>
              <chiefJustice>Harlan Fiske Stone</chiefJustice>
              <dateArgument>1945-03-05</dateArgument>
              <authorityDecision>Supreme Court supervision of lower federal or state courts or original jurisdiction</authorityDecision>
              <law>
                                        
                   <type>No Legal Provision</type>
                                        
                   <legalProvisions>No Legal Provision</legalProvisions>
                                    
            </law>
              <decisionType>Opinion of the court (orally argued)</decisionType>
              <unconstitutionality>No declaration of unconstitutionality</unconstitutionality>
              <partyWinning>Petitioning party received a favorable disposition</partyWinning>
              <majorityOpinion>
                                        
                   <writer>William Orville Douglas</writer>
                                        
                   <assigner>Harlan Fiske Stone</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
              <votes>
                                        
                   <majority>5</majority>
                                        
                   <minority>3</minority>
                                    
            </votes>
        </extension>
         <location>
              <url displayLabel="Content Detail" access="object in context">https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/USREPORTS-325/USREPORTS-325-589</url>
              <url access="raw object" displayLabel="PDF rendition">https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/USREPORTS-325/pdf/USREPORTS-325-589.pdf</url>
        </location>
    </relatedItem>
    <relatedItem type="constituent" ID="id-USREPORTS-325-673" xlink:href="https://www.govinfo.gov/metadata/granule/USREPORTS-325/USREPORTS-325-673/mods.xml">
         <titleInfo>
              <title>Lincoln Life Ins. Co. v. Read, 325 U.S. 673 (1945)</title>
              <partNumber>325 U.S. 673</partNumber>
              <partName>Case</partName>
        </titleInfo>
         <identifier type="uri">https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/USREPORTS-325/USREPORTS-325-673</identifier>
         <identifier type="preferred citation">325 U.S. 673 (1945)</identifier>
         <identifier type="United States Reports citation">325 U.S. 673</identifier>
         <relatedItem type="otherFormat" xlink:href="https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/USREPORTS-325/pdf/USREPORTS-325-673.pdf">
              <identifier type="FDsys Unique ID">D09002ee1d4d044a6</identifier>
        </relatedItem>
         <subject>
              <topic>Insurance</topic>
              <topic>Government</topic>
              <topic>Tax Administration and Collection</topic>
              <topic>Tax Law</topic>
              <topic>Oklahoma State Constitution</topic>
              <topic>State and Local Taxation</topic>
              <topic>Foreign Corporations</topic>
              <topic>Taxation</topic>
              <topic>Licensing and Registration</topic>
              <topic>Insurance Companies</topic>
              <topic>Equal Protection</topic>
              <topic>Fourteenth Amendment</topic>
              <topic>Life Insurance</topic>
              <topic>State or Local Government Tax</topic>
              <topic>Economic Activity</topic>
        </subject>
         <extension>
              <searchTitle>United States reports : cases adjudged in the Supreme Court at October term, 1944, from April 23, 1945 (concluded) to and including (in part) June 18, 1945;Lincoln Life Ins. Co. v. Read, 325 U.S. 673 (1945);325 U.S. 673</searchTitle>
              <granuleClass>CASE</granuleClass>
              <accessId>USREPORTS-325-673</accessId>
              <reportNumber>673</reportNumber>
              <sequenceNumber>41</sequenceNumber>
              <pagePosition>1</pagePosition>
              <decisionDate>1945-06-11</decisionDate>
              <courtTerm>1944</courtTerm>
              <usCitation>325 U.S. 673</usCitation>
              <fullCitation>325 U.S. 673 (1945)</fullCitation>
              <subject authority="llc" uri="https://www.loc.gov/research-centers/law-library-of-congress/about-this-research-center">
                                        
                   <topic>Insurance</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Government</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Tax Administration and Collection</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Tax Law</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Oklahoma State Constitution</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>State and Local Taxation</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Foreign Corporations</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Taxation</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Licensing and Registration</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Insurance Companies</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Equal Protection</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Fourteenth Amendment</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Life Insurance</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <subject authority="scdb" uri="http://scdb.wustl.edu/documentation.php?var=issue">
                                        
                   <topic>State or Local Government Tax</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Economic Activity</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <docketId>1944-030-01</docketId>
              <petitioner>Insurance company, or surety</petitioner>
              <respondent state="Oklahoma">Governmental official, or an official of an agency established under an interstate compact</respondent>
              <jurisdiction>Appeal</jurisdiction>
              <caseOrigin state="Oklahoma">State Trial Court</caseOrigin>
              <caseSource state="Oklahoma">State Supreme Court</caseSource>
              <certReason>Case did not arise on cert or cert not granted</certReason>
              <chiefJustice>Harlan Fiske Stone</chiefJustice>
              <dateArgument>1945-04-24</dateArgument>
              <authorityDecision>Judicial review (state level)</authorityDecision>
              <law>
                                        
                   <type>Constitutional Amendment</type>
                                        
                   <legalProvisions>Fourteenth Amendment (equal protection)</legalProvisions>
                                    
            </law>
              <decisionType>Opinion of the court (orally argued)</decisionType>
              <unconstitutionality>No declaration of unconstitutionality</unconstitutionality>
              <disposition>Affirmed (includes modified)</disposition>
              <partyWinning>No favorable disposition for petitioning party apparent</partyWinning>
              <majorityOpinion>
                                        
                   <writer>William Orville Douglas</writer>
                                        
                   <assigner>Harlan Fiske Stone</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
              <votes>
                                        
                   <majority>8</majority>
                                        
                   <minority>1</minority>
                                    
            </votes>
        </extension>
         <location>
              <url displayLabel="Content Detail" access="object in context">https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/USREPORTS-325/USREPORTS-325-673</url>
              <url access="raw object" displayLabel="PDF rendition">https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/USREPORTS-325/pdf/USREPORTS-325-673.pdf</url>
        </location>
    </relatedItem>
    <relatedItem type="constituent" ID="id-USREPORTS-325-679" xlink:href="https://www.govinfo.gov/metadata/granule/USREPORTS-325/USREPORTS-325-679/mods.xml">
         <titleInfo>
              <title>Borden Co. v. Borella, 325 U.S. 679 (1945)</title>
              <partNumber>325 U.S. 679</partNumber>
              <partName>Case</partName>
        </titleInfo>
         <identifier type="uri">https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/USREPORTS-325/USREPORTS-325-679</identifier>
         <identifier type="preferred citation">325 U.S. 679 (1945)</identifier>
         <identifier type="United States Reports citation">325 U.S. 679</identifier>
         <relatedItem type="otherFormat" xlink:href="https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/USREPORTS-325/pdf/USREPORTS-325-679.pdf">
              <identifier type="FDsys Unique ID">D09002ee1d4d044c1</identifier>
        </relatedItem>
         <subject>
              <topic>Fair Labor Standards Act (F.L.S.A.)</topic>
              <topic>Commerce</topic>
              <topic>Labor-Management Relations</topic>
              <topic>Milk</topic>
              <topic>Labor and Employment Law</topic>
              <topic>Interstate Commerce</topic>
              <topic>Labor</topic>
              <topic>New York</topic>
              <topic>Overtime Compensation</topic>
              <topic>New York City</topic>
              <topic>Employee Benefits</topic>
              <topic>Overtime Wages</topic>
              <topic>Wages and Hours</topic>
              <topic>Manufacturing</topic>
              <topic>Food Industry</topic>
              <topic>Agriculture and Food</topic>
              <topic>Milk Products</topic>
              <topic>Fair Labor Standards Act</topic>
              <topic>Unions</topic>
        </subject>
         <extension>
              <searchTitle>United States reports : cases adjudged in the Supreme Court at October term, 1944, from April 23, 1945 (concluded) to and including (in part) June 18, 1945;Borden Co. v. Borella, 325 U.S. 679 (1945);325 U.S. 679</searchTitle>
              <granuleClass>CASE</granuleClass>
              <accessId>USREPORTS-325-679</accessId>
              <reportNumber>679</reportNumber>
              <sequenceNumber>42</sequenceNumber>
              <pagePosition>1</pagePosition>
              <decisionDate>1945-06-11</decisionDate>
              <courtTerm>1944</courtTerm>
              <usCitation>325 U.S. 679</usCitation>
              <fullCitation>325 U.S. 679 (1945)</fullCitation>
              <subject authority="llc" uri="https://www.loc.gov/research-centers/law-library-of-congress/about-this-research-center">
                                        
                   <topic>Fair Labor Standards Act (F.L.S.A.)</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Commerce</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Labor-Management Relations</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Milk</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Labor and Employment Law</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Interstate Commerce</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Labor</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>New York</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Overtime Compensation</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>New York City</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Employee Benefits</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Overtime Wages</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Wages and Hours</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Manufacturing</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Food Industry</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Agriculture and Food</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Milk Products</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <subject authority="scdb" uri="http://scdb.wustl.edu/documentation.php?var=issue">
                                        
                   <topic>Fair Labor Standards Act</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Unions</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <docketId>1944-108-01</docketId>
              <petitioner>Employer. If employer&apos;s relations with employees are governed by the nature of the employer&apos;s business (e.g., railroad, boat), rather than labor law generally, the more specific designation is used in place of Employer.</petitioner>
              <respondent>Employee, or job applicant, including beneficiaries of</respondent>
              <jurisdiction>Cert</jurisdiction>
              <caseOrigin>New York Southern U.S. District Court</caseOrigin>
              <caseSource>U.S. Court of Appeals, Second Circuit</caseSource>
              <certReason>Federal court conflict</certReason>
              <chiefJustice>Harlan Fiske Stone</chiefJustice>
              <dateArgument>1945-04-06</dateArgument>
              <authorityDecision>Statutory construction</authorityDecision>
              <law>
                                        
                   <type>Federal Statute</type>
                                        
                   <legalProvisions>Fair Labor Standards</legalProvisions>
                                    
            </law>
              <decisionType>Opinion of the court (orally argued)</decisionType>
              <unconstitutionality>No declaration of unconstitutionality</unconstitutionality>
              <disposition>Affirmed (includes modified)</disposition>
              <partyWinning>No favorable disposition for petitioning party apparent</partyWinning>
              <majorityOpinion>
                                        
                   <writer>Frank Murphy</writer>
                                        
                   <assigner>Hugo Lafayette Black</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
              <votes>
                                        
                   <majority>7</majority>
                                        
                   <minority>2</minority>
                                    
            </votes>
        </extension>
         <location>
              <url displayLabel="Content Detail" access="object in context">https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/USREPORTS-325/USREPORTS-325-679</url>
              <url access="raw object" displayLabel="PDF rendition">https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/USREPORTS-325/pdf/USREPORTS-325-679.pdf</url>
        </location>
    </relatedItem>
    <relatedItem type="constituent" ID="id-USREPORTS-325-687" xlink:href="https://www.govinfo.gov/metadata/granule/USREPORTS-325/USREPORTS-325-687/mods.xml">
         <titleInfo>
              <title>Goldstone v. United States, 325 U.S. 687 (1945)</title>
              <partNumber>325 U.S. 687</partNumber>
              <partName>Case</partName>
        </titleInfo>
         <identifier type="uri">https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/USREPORTS-325/USREPORTS-325-687</identifier>
         <identifier type="preferred citation">325 U.S. 687 (1945)</identifier>
         <identifier type="United States Reports citation">325 U.S. 687</identifier>
         <relatedItem type="otherFormat" xlink:href="https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/USREPORTS-325/pdf/USREPORTS-325-687.pdf">
              <identifier type="FDsys Unique ID">D09002ee1d4d044c6</identifier>
        </relatedItem>
         <subject>
              <topic>Finance and Financial Sector</topic>
              <topic>Insurance</topic>
              <topic>Estate Tax</topic>
              <topic>Wills, Trusts, and Estates Law</topic>
              <topic>Inheritance and Succession</topic>
              <topic>Transfer and Inheritance Tax</topic>
              <topic>Annuity Contracts</topic>
              <topic>Insurance Policies</topic>
              <topic>Contracts</topic>
              <topic>Taxation</topic>
              <topic>Gross Estate</topic>
              <topic>Insurance Law</topic>
              <topic>Securities</topic>
              <topic>Revenue Act of 1926</topic>
              <topic>Life Insurance</topic>
              <topic>Federal Taxation, Typically Under Provisions of the Internal Revenue Code</topic>
              <topic>Federal Taxation</topic>
        </subject>
         <extension>
              <searchTitle>United States reports : cases adjudged in the Supreme Court at October term, 1944, from April 23, 1945 (concluded) to and including (in part) June 18, 1945;Goldstone v. United States, 325 U.S. 687 (1945);325 U.S. 687</searchTitle>
              <granuleClass>CASE</granuleClass>
              <accessId>USREPORTS-325-687</accessId>
              <reportNumber>687</reportNumber>
              <sequenceNumber>43</sequenceNumber>
              <pagePosition>1</pagePosition>
              <decisionDate>1945-06-11</decisionDate>
              <courtTerm>1944</courtTerm>
              <usCitation>325 U.S. 687</usCitation>
              <fullCitation>325 U.S. 687 (1945)</fullCitation>
              <subject authority="llc" uri="https://www.loc.gov/research-centers/law-library-of-congress/about-this-research-center">
                                        
                   <topic>Finance and Financial Sector</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Insurance</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Estate Tax</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Wills, Trusts, and Estates Law</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Inheritance and Succession</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Transfer and Inheritance Tax</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Annuity Contracts</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Insurance Policies</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Contracts</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Taxation</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Gross Estate</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Insurance Law</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Securities</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Revenue Act of 1926</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Life Insurance</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <subject authority="scdb" uri="http://scdb.wustl.edu/documentation.php?var=issue">
                                        
                   <topic>Federal Taxation, Typically Under Provisions of the Internal Revenue Code</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Federal Taxation</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <docketId>1944-031-01</docketId>
              <petitioner>Taxpayer or executor of taxpayer&apos;s estate, federal only</petitioner>
              <respondent>United States</respondent>
              <jurisdiction>Cert</jurisdiction>
              <caseOrigin>New York Southern U.S. District Court</caseOrigin>
              <caseSource>U.S. Court of Appeals, Second Circuit</caseSource>
              <certReason>Federal court conflict</certReason>
              <chiefJustice>Harlan Fiske Stone</chiefJustice>
              <dateArgument>1945-04-26</dateArgument>
              <authorityDecision>Statutory construction</authorityDecision>
              <law>
                                        
                   <type>Federal Statute</type>
                                        
                   <legalProvisions>Internal Revenue Code and pre-IRC revenue acts</legalProvisions>
                                    
            </law>
              <decisionType>Opinion of the court (orally argued)</decisionType>
              <unconstitutionality>No declaration of unconstitutionality</unconstitutionality>
              <disposition>Affirmed (includes modified)</disposition>
              <partyWinning>No favorable disposition for petitioning party apparent</partyWinning>
              <majorityOpinion>
                                        
                   <writer>Frank Murphy</writer>
                                        
                   <assigner>Harlan Fiske Stone</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
              <votes>
                                        
                   <majority>7</majority>
                                        
                   <minority>2</minority>
                                    
            </votes>
        </extension>
         <location>
              <url displayLabel="Content Detail" access="object in context">https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/USREPORTS-325/USREPORTS-325-687</url>
              <url access="raw object" displayLabel="PDF rendition">https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/USREPORTS-325/pdf/USREPORTS-325-687.pdf</url>
        </location>
    </relatedItem>
    <relatedItem type="constituent" ID="id-USREPORTS-325-697" xlink:href="https://www.govinfo.gov/metadata/granule/USREPORTS-325/USREPORTS-325-697/mods.xml">
         <titleInfo>
              <title>Inland Empire Council v. Millis, 325 U.S. 697 (1945)</title>
              <partNumber>325 U.S. 697</partNumber>
              <partName>Case</partName>
        </titleInfo>
         <identifier type="uri">https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/USREPORTS-325/USREPORTS-325-697</identifier>
         <identifier type="preferred citation">325 U.S. 697 (1945)</identifier>
         <identifier type="United States Reports citation">325 U.S. 697</identifier>
         <relatedItem type="otherFormat" xlink:href="https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/USREPORTS-325/pdf/USREPORTS-325-697.pdf">
              <identifier type="FDsys Unique ID">D09002ee1d4d044b7</identifier>
        </relatedItem>
         <subject>
              <topic>American Federation of Labor (A.F.L.)</topic>
              <topic>Labor Unions</topic>
              <topic>Labor-Management Relations</topic>
              <topic>Labor and Employment Law</topic>
              <topic>Due Process</topic>
              <topic>Labor</topic>
              <topic>Environment</topic>
              <topic>Collective Bargaining</topic>
              <topic>Congress of Industrial Organizations (C.I.O.)</topic>
              <topic>Contracts</topic>
              <topic>Civil Procedure</topic>
              <topic>Forests and Timber</topic>
              <topic>Natural Resources</topic>
              <topic>National Labor Relations Act (N.L.R.A.)</topic>
              <topic>Administrative Law and Regulatory Procedure</topic>
              <topic>Labor-Management Disputes: Jurisdictional Dispute</topic>
              <topic>Unions</topic>
        </subject>
         <extension>
              <searchTitle>United States reports : cases adjudged in the Supreme Court at October term, 1944, from April 23, 1945 (concluded) to and including (in part) June 18, 1945;Inland Empire Council v. Millis, 325 U.S. 697 (1945);325 U.S. 697</searchTitle>
              <granuleClass>CASE</granuleClass>
              <accessId>USREPORTS-325-697</accessId>
              <reportNumber>697</reportNumber>
              <sequenceNumber>44</sequenceNumber>
              <pagePosition>1</pagePosition>
              <decisionDate>1945-06-11</decisionDate>
              <courtTerm>1944</courtTerm>
              <usCitation>325 U.S. 697</usCitation>
              <fullCitation>325 U.S. 697 (1945)</fullCitation>
              <subject authority="llc" uri="https://www.loc.gov/research-centers/law-library-of-congress/about-this-research-center">
                                        
                   <topic>American Federation of Labor (A.F.L.)</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Labor Unions</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Labor-Management Relations</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Labor and Employment Law</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Due Process</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Labor</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Environment</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Collective Bargaining</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Congress of Industrial Organizations (C.I.O.)</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Contracts</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Civil Procedure</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Forests and Timber</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Natural Resources</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>National Labor Relations Act (N.L.R.A.)</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Administrative Law and Regulatory Procedure</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <subject authority="scdb" uri="http://scdb.wustl.edu/documentation.php?var=issue">
                                        
                   <topic>Labor-Management Disputes: Jurisdictional Dispute</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Unions</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <docketId>1944-109-01</docketId>
              <petitioner>Union, labor organization, or official of</petitioner>
              <respondent>National Labor Relations Board, or regional office or officer</respondent>
              <jurisdiction>Cert</jurisdiction>
              <adminAction>National Labor Relations Board, or regional office or officer</adminAction>
              <caseOrigin>District Of Columbia U.S. District Court</caseOrigin>
              <caseSource>U.S. Court of Appeals, District of Columbia Circuit (includes the Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia but not the District of Columbia Court of Appeals, which has local jurisdiction)</caseSource>
              <certReason>To resolve important or significant question</certReason>
              <chiefJustice>Harlan Fiske Stone</chiefJustice>
              <dateArgument>1945-02-26</dateArgument>
              <authorityDecision>Statutory construction</authorityDecision>
              <law>
                                        
                   <type>Federal Statute</type>
                                        
                   <legalProvisions>National Labor Relations, as amended</legalProvisions>
                                    
            </law>
              <decisionType>Opinion of the court (orally argued)</decisionType>
              <unconstitutionality>No declaration of unconstitutionality</unconstitutionality>
              <disposition>Affirmed (includes modified)</disposition>
              <partyWinning>No favorable disposition for petitioning party apparent</partyWinning>
              <majorityOpinion>
                                        
                   <writer>Wiley Blount Rutledge</writer>
                                        
                   <assigner>Owen Josephus Roberts</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
              <votes>
                                        
                   <majority>8</majority>
                                        
                   <minority>1</minority>
                                    
            </votes>
        </extension>
         <location>
              <url displayLabel="Content Detail" access="object in context">https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/USREPORTS-325/USREPORTS-325-697</url>
              <url access="raw object" displayLabel="PDF rendition">https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/USREPORTS-325/pdf/USREPORTS-325-697.pdf</url>
        </location>
    </relatedItem>
    <relatedItem type="constituent" ID="id-USREPORTS-325-711" xlink:href="https://www.govinfo.gov/metadata/granule/USREPORTS-325/USREPORTS-325-711/mods.xml">
         <titleInfo>
              <title>Elgin, J. &amp; E. R. Co. v. Burley, 325 U.S. 711 (1945)</title>
              <partNumber>325 U.S. 711</partNumber>
              <partName>Case</partName>
        </titleInfo>
         <identifier type="uri">https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/USREPORTS-325/USREPORTS-325-711</identifier>
         <identifier type="preferred citation">325 U.S. 711 (1945)</identifier>
         <identifier type="United States Reports citation">325 U.S. 711</identifier>
         <relatedItem type="otherFormat" xlink:href="https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/USREPORTS-325/pdf/USREPORTS-325-711.pdf">
              <identifier type="FDsys Unique ID">D09002ee1d4d04451</identifier>
        </relatedItem>
         <subject>
              <topic>Railroads</topic>
              <topic>Transportation and Public Works</topic>
              <topic>Labor Unions</topic>
              <topic>Legislative Bodies</topic>
              <topic>Labor and Employment Law</topic>
              <topic>Government</topic>
              <topic>Labor</topic>
              <topic>Collective Bargaining</topic>
              <topic>Legislative History</topic>
              <topic>Administrative Law and Regulatory Procedure</topic>
              <topic>Alternative Dispute Resolution</topic>
              <topic>Railway Labor Act of 1934</topic>
              <topic>Labor-Management Disputes: Representative Election</topic>
              <topic>Unions</topic>
        </subject>
         <extension>
              <searchTitle>United States reports : cases adjudged in the Supreme Court at October term, 1944, from April 23, 1945 (concluded) to and including (in part) June 18, 1945;Elgin, J. &amp; E. R. Co. v. Burley, 325 U.S. 711 (1945);325 U.S. 711</searchTitle>
              <granuleClass>CASE</granuleClass>
              <accessId>USREPORTS-325-711</accessId>
              <reportNumber>711</reportNumber>
              <sequenceNumber>45</sequenceNumber>
              <pagePosition>1</pagePosition>
              <decisionDate>1945-06-11</decisionDate>
              <courtTerm>1944</courtTerm>
              <usCitation>325 U.S. 711</usCitation>
              <fullCitation>325 U.S. 711 (1945)</fullCitation>
              <subject authority="llc" uri="https://www.loc.gov/research-centers/law-library-of-congress/about-this-research-center">
                                        
                   <topic>Railroads</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Transportation and Public Works</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Labor Unions</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Legislative Bodies</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Labor and Employment Law</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Government</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Labor</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Collective Bargaining</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Legislative History</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Administrative Law and Regulatory Procedure</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Alternative Dispute Resolution</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Railway Labor Act of 1934</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <subject authority="scdb" uri="http://scdb.wustl.edu/documentation.php?var=issue">
                                        
                   <topic>Labor-Management Disputes: Representative Election</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Unions</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <docketId>1944-110-01</docketId>
              <petitioner>Railroad</petitioner>
              <respondent>Employee, or job applicant, including beneficiaries of</respondent>
              <jurisdiction>Cert</jurisdiction>
              <adminAction>National Railroad Adjustment Board</adminAction>
              <caseOrigin>Illinois Northern U.S. District Court</caseOrigin>
              <caseSource>U.S. Court of Appeals, Seventh Circuit</caseSource>
              <certReason>To resolve important or significant question</certReason>
              <chiefJustice>Harlan Fiske Stone</chiefJustice>
              <dateArgument>1944-11-15</dateArgument>
              <authorityDecision>Statutory construction</authorityDecision>
              <authorityDecision>Interpretation of administrative regulation or rule, or executive order</authorityDecision>
              <law>
                                        
                   <type>Federal Statute</type>
                                        
                   <legalProvisions>Railway Labor</legalProvisions>
                                    
            </law>
              <decisionType>Opinion of the court (orally argued)</decisionType>
              <unconstitutionality>No declaration of unconstitutionality</unconstitutionality>
              <disposition>Affirmed (includes modified)</disposition>
              <partyWinning>No favorable disposition for petitioning party apparent</partyWinning>
              <majorityOpinion>
                                        
                   <writer>Wiley Blount Rutledge</writer>
                                        
                   <assigner>Hugo Lafayette Black</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
              <votes>
                                        
                   <majority>5</majority>
                                        
                   <minority>4</minority>
                                    
            </votes>
        </extension>
         <location>
              <url displayLabel="Content Detail" access="object in context">https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/USREPORTS-325/USREPORTS-325-711</url>
              <url access="raw object" displayLabel="PDF rendition">https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/USREPORTS-325/pdf/USREPORTS-325-711.pdf</url>
        </location>
    </relatedItem>
    <relatedItem type="constituent" ID="id-USREPORTS-325-761" xlink:href="https://www.govinfo.gov/metadata/granule/USREPORTS-325/USREPORTS-325-761/mods.xml">
         <titleInfo>
              <title>Southern Pacific Co. v. Arizona, 325 U.S. 761 (1945)</title>
              <partNumber>325 U.S. 761</partNumber>
              <partName>Case</partName>
        </titleInfo>
         <identifier type="uri">https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/USREPORTS-325/USREPORTS-325-761</identifier>
         <identifier type="preferred citation">325 U.S. 761 (1945)</identifier>
         <identifier type="United States Reports citation">325 U.S. 761</identifier>
         <relatedItem type="otherFormat" xlink:href="https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/USREPORTS-325/pdf/USREPORTS-325-761.pdf">
              <identifier type="FDsys Unique ID">D09002ee1d4d044d1</identifier>
        </relatedItem>
         <subject>
              <topic>Railroads</topic>
              <topic>Police Powers</topic>
              <topic>Commerce Clause</topic>
              <topic>Interstate Commerce Commission (I.C.C.)</topic>
              <topic>Economics and Public Finance</topic>
              <topic>Consumer Protection</topic>
              <topic>Conflicts of Law</topic>
              <topic>Commercial Law</topic>
              <topic>Administrative Law and Regulatory Procedure</topic>
              <topic>Transportation and Public Works</topic>
              <topic>Commerce</topic>
              <topic>Transportation Safety and Security</topic>
              <topic>Fourteenth Amendment</topic>
              <topic>Gibbons V. Ogden</topic>
              <topic>Interstate Commerce Act of 1887</topic>
              <topic>State or Local Government Regulation, Especially of Business (Cf. Federal Pre-Emption of State Court Jurisdiction, Federal Pre-Emption of State Legislation or Regulation)</topic>
              <topic>Economic Activity</topic>
        </subject>
         <extension>
              <searchTitle>United States reports : cases adjudged in the Supreme Court at October term, 1944, from April 23, 1945 (concluded) to and including (in part) June 18, 1945;Southern Pacific Co. v. Arizona, 325 U.S. 761 (1945);325 U.S. 761</searchTitle>
              <granuleClass>CASE</granuleClass>
              <accessId>USREPORTS-325-761</accessId>
              <reportNumber>761</reportNumber>
              <sequenceNumber>46</sequenceNumber>
              <pagePosition>1</pagePosition>
              <decisionDate>1945-06-18</decisionDate>
              <courtTerm>1944</courtTerm>
              <usCitation>325 U.S. 761</usCitation>
              <fullCitation>325 U.S. 761 (1945)</fullCitation>
              <subject authority="llc" uri="https://www.loc.gov/research-centers/law-library-of-congress/about-this-research-center">
                                        
                   <topic>Railroads</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Police Powers</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Commerce Clause</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Interstate Commerce Commission (I.C.C.)</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Economics and Public Finance</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Consumer Protection</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Conflicts of Law</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Commercial Law</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Administrative Law and Regulatory Procedure</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Transportation and Public Works</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Commerce</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Transportation Safety and Security</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Fourteenth Amendment</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Gibbons V. Ogden</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Interstate Commerce Act of 1887</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <subject authority="scdb" uri="http://scdb.wustl.edu/documentation.php?var=issue">
                                        
                   <topic>State or Local Government Regulation, Especially of Business (Cf. Federal Pre-Emption of State Court Jurisdiction, Federal Pre-Emption of State Legislation or Regulation)</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Economic Activity</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <docketId>1944-162-01</docketId>
              <petitioner>Railroad</petitioner>
              <respondent state="Arizona">State</respondent>
              <jurisdiction>Appeal</jurisdiction>
              <adminAction>Interstate Commerce Commission</adminAction>
              <caseOrigin state="Arizona">State Trial Court</caseOrigin>
              <caseSource state="Arizona">State Supreme Court</caseSource>
              <certReason>Case did not arise on cert or cert not granted</certReason>
              <chiefJustice>Harlan Fiske Stone</chiefJustice>
              <dateArgument>1945-03-26</dateArgument>
              <authorityDecision>Judicial review (state level)</authorityDecision>
              <authorityDecision>Interpretation of administrative regulation or rule, or executive order</authorityDecision>
              <law>
                                        
                   <type>Constitution</type>
                                        
                   <legalProvisions>Article I, Section 8, Paragraph 3 (interstate commerce clause)</legalProvisions>
                                    
            </law>
              <decisionType>Opinion of the court (orally argued)</decisionType>
              <unconstitutionality>State or territorial law, reg, or const provision unconstitutional</unconstitutionality>
              <disposition>Reversed</disposition>
              <partyWinning>Petitioning party received a favorable disposition</partyWinning>
              <majorityOpinion>
                                        
                   <writer>Harlan Fiske Stone</writer>
                                        
                   <assigner>Harlan Fiske Stone</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
              <votes>
                                        
                   <majority>7</majority>
                                        
                   <minority>2</minority>
                                    
            </votes>
        </extension>
         <location>
              <url displayLabel="Content Detail" access="object in context">https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/USREPORTS-325/USREPORTS-325-761</url>
              <url access="raw object" displayLabel="PDF rendition">https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/USREPORTS-325/pdf/USREPORTS-325-761.pdf</url>
        </location>
    </relatedItem>
    <relatedItem type="constituent" ID="id-USREPORTS-325-797" xlink:href="https://www.govinfo.gov/metadata/granule/USREPORTS-325/USREPORTS-325-797/mods.xml">
         <titleInfo>
              <title>Allen Bradley Co. v. Union, 325 U.S. 797 (1945)</title>
              <partNumber>325 U.S. 797</partNumber>
              <partName>Case</partName>
        </titleInfo>
         <identifier type="uri">https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/USREPORTS-325/USREPORTS-325-797</identifier>
         <identifier type="preferred citation">325 U.S. 797 (1945)</identifier>
         <identifier type="United States Reports citation">325 U.S. 797</identifier>
         <relatedItem type="otherFormat" xlink:href="https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/USREPORTS-325/pdf/USREPORTS-325-797.pdf">
              <identifier type="FDsys Unique ID">D09002ee1d4d0444e</identifier>
        </relatedItem>
         <subject>
              <topic>Competition and Antitrust</topic>
              <topic>Labor Unions</topic>
              <topic>Labor</topic>
              <topic>Government</topic>
              <topic>Labor-Management Relations</topic>
              <topic>Injunctions</topic>
              <topic>Wages and Hours</topic>
              <topic>Manufacturing</topic>
              <topic>Union Members</topic>
              <topic>Commerce</topic>
              <topic>Goods and Services</topic>
              <topic>Sherman Antitrust Act of 1890</topic>
              <topic>Monopolies</topic>
              <topic>Antitrust Law</topic>
              <topic>Union Antitrust: Legality of Anticompetitive Union Activity</topic>
              <topic>Unions</topic>
        </subject>
         <extension>
              <searchTitle>United States reports : cases adjudged in the Supreme Court at October term, 1944, from April 23, 1945 (concluded) to and including (in part) June 18, 1945;Allen Bradley Co. v. Union, 325 U.S. 797 (1945);325 U.S. 797</searchTitle>
              <granuleClass>CASE</granuleClass>
              <accessId>USREPORTS-325-797</accessId>
              <reportNumber>797</reportNumber>
              <sequenceNumber>47</sequenceNumber>
              <pagePosition>1</pagePosition>
              <decisionDate>1945-06-18</decisionDate>
              <courtTerm>1944</courtTerm>
              <usCitation>325 U.S. 797</usCitation>
              <fullCitation>325 U.S. 797 (1945)</fullCitation>
              <subject authority="llc" uri="https://www.loc.gov/research-centers/law-library-of-congress/about-this-research-center">
                                        
                   <topic>Competition and Antitrust</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Labor Unions</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Labor</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Government</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Labor-Management Relations</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Injunctions</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Wages and Hours</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Manufacturing</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Union Members</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Commerce</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Goods and Services</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Sherman Antitrust Act of 1890</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Monopolies</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Antitrust Law</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <subject authority="scdb" uri="http://scdb.wustl.edu/documentation.php?var=issue">
                                        
                   <topic>Union Antitrust: Legality of Anticompetitive Union Activity</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Unions</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <docketId>1944-102-01</docketId>
              <petitioner>Electric equipment manufacturer</petitioner>
              <respondent>Union, labor organization, or official of</respondent>
              <jurisdiction>Cert</jurisdiction>
              <caseOrigin>New York Southern U.S. District Court</caseOrigin>
              <caseSource>U.S. Court of Appeals, Second Circuit</caseSource>
              <certReason>Federal court conflict</certReason>
              <chiefJustice>Harlan Fiske Stone</chiefJustice>
              <dateArgument>1945-03-08</dateArgument>
              <authorityDecision>Statutory construction</authorityDecision>
              <law>
                                        
                   <type>Federal Statute</type>
                                        
                   <legalProvisions>Sherman</legalProvisions>
                                    
            </law>
              <decisionType>Opinion of the court (orally argued)</decisionType>
              <unconstitutionality>No declaration of unconstitutionality</unconstitutionality>
              <disposition>Reversed and remanded</disposition>
              <partyWinning>Petitioning party received a favorable disposition</partyWinning>
              <majorityOpinion>
                                        
                   <writer>Hugo Lafayette Black</writer>
                                        
                   <assigner>Harlan Fiske Stone</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
              <votes>
                                        
                   <majority>8</majority>
                                        
                   <minority>1</minority>
                                    
            </votes>
        </extension>
         <location>
              <url displayLabel="Content Detail" access="object in context">https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/USREPORTS-325/USREPORTS-325-797</url>
              <url access="raw object" displayLabel="PDF rendition">https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/USREPORTS-325/pdf/USREPORTS-325-797.pdf</url>
        </location>
    </relatedItem>
    <relatedItem type="constituent" ID="id-USREPORTS-325-821" xlink:href="https://www.govinfo.gov/metadata/granule/USREPORTS-325/USREPORTS-325-821/mods.xml">
         <titleInfo>
              <title>Hunt v. Crumboch, 325 U.S. 821 (1945)</title>
              <partNumber>325 U.S. 821</partNumber>
              <partName>Case</partName>
        </titleInfo>
         <identifier type="uri">https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/USREPORTS-325/USREPORTS-325-821</identifier>
         <identifier type="preferred citation">325 U.S. 821 (1945)</identifier>
         <identifier type="United States Reports citation">325 U.S. 821</identifier>
         <relatedItem type="otherFormat" xlink:href="https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/USREPORTS-325/pdf/USREPORTS-325-821.pdf">
              <identifier type="FDsys Unique ID">D09002ee1d4d044c8</identifier>
        </relatedItem>
         <subject>
              <topic>Competition and Antitrust</topic>
              <topic>Motor Carriers</topic>
              <topic>Transportation and Public Works</topic>
              <topic>Labor Unions</topic>
              <topic>Labor</topic>
              <topic>Homicide</topic>
              <topic>Employee Hiring</topic>
              <topic>Torts</topic>
              <topic>Labor-Management Relations</topic>
              <topic>Injunctions</topic>
              <topic>Union Membership</topic>
              <topic>Contracts</topic>
              <topic>Commerce</topic>
              <topic>Crime and Law Enforcement</topic>
              <topic>Goods and Services</topic>
              <topic>Sherman Antitrust Act of 1890</topic>
              <topic>Antitrust Law</topic>
              <topic>Union or Closed Shop: Includes Agency Shop Litigation</topic>
              <topic>Unions</topic>
        </subject>
         <extension>
              <searchTitle>United States reports : cases adjudged in the Supreme Court at October term, 1944, from April 23, 1945 (concluded) to and including (in part) June 18, 1945;Hunt v. Crumboch, 325 U.S. 821 (1945);325 U.S. 821</searchTitle>
              <granuleClass>CASE</granuleClass>
              <accessId>USREPORTS-325-821</accessId>
              <reportNumber>821</reportNumber>
              <sequenceNumber>48</sequenceNumber>
              <pagePosition>1</pagePosition>
              <decisionDate>1945-06-18</decisionDate>
              <courtTerm>1944</courtTerm>
              <usCitation>325 U.S. 821</usCitation>
              <fullCitation>325 U.S. 821 (1945)</fullCitation>
              <subject authority="llc" uri="https://www.loc.gov/research-centers/law-library-of-congress/about-this-research-center">
                                        
                   <topic>Competition and Antitrust</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Motor Carriers</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Transportation and Public Works</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Labor Unions</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Labor</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Homicide</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Employee Hiring</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Torts</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Labor-Management Relations</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Injunctions</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Union Membership</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Contracts</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Commerce</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Crime and Law Enforcement</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Goods and Services</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Sherman Antitrust Act of 1890</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Antitrust Law</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <subject authority="scdb" uri="http://scdb.wustl.edu/documentation.php?var=issue">
                                        
                   <topic>Union or Closed Shop: Includes Agency Shop Litigation</topic>
                                        
                   <topic>Unions</topic>
                                    
            </subject>
              <docketId>1944-103-01</docketId>
              <petitioner>Business, corporation</petitioner>
              <respondent>Union, labor organization, or official of</respondent>
              <jurisdiction>Cert</jurisdiction>
              <caseOrigin>Pennsylvania Eastern U.S. District Court</caseOrigin>
              <caseSource>U.S. Court of Appeals, Third Circuit</caseSource>
              <certReason>To resolve question presented</certReason>
              <chiefJustice>Harlan Fiske Stone</chiefJustice>
              <dateArgument>1945-03-02</dateArgument>
              <authorityDecision>Statutory construction</authorityDecision>
              <law>
                                        
                   <type>Federal Statute</type>
                                        
                   <legalProvisions>Sherman</legalProvisions>
                                    
            </law>
              <decisionType>Opinion of the court (orally argued)</decisionType>
              <unconstitutionality>No declaration of unconstitutionality</unconstitutionality>
              <disposition>Affirmed (includes modified)</disposition>
              <partyWinning>No favorable disposition for petitioning party apparent</partyWinning>
              <majorityOpinion>
                                        
                   <writer>Hugo Lafayette Black</writer>
                                        
                   <assigner>Hugo Lafayette Black</assigner>
                                    
            </majorityOpinion>
              <votes>
                                        
                   <majority>5</majority>
                                        
                   <minority>4</minority>
                                    
            </votes>
        </extension>
         <location>
              <url displayLabel="Content Detail" access="object in context">https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/USREPORTS-325/USREPORTS-325-821</url>
              <url access="raw object" displayLabel="PDF rendition">https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/USREPORTS-325/pdf/USREPORTS-325-821.pdf</url>
        </location>
    </relatedItem>
    <relatedItem type="constituent" ID="id-USREPORTS-325-BackMatter-5" xlink:href="https://www.govinfo.gov/metadata/granule/USREPORTS-325/USREPORTS-325-BackMatter-5/mods.xml">
         <titleInfo>
              <title>Decisions Per Curiam</title>
              <partName>Back Matter</partName>
        </titleInfo>
         <identifier type="uri">https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/USREPORTS-325/USREPORTS-325-BackMatter-5</identifier>
         <relatedItem type="otherFormat" xlink:href="https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/USREPORTS-325/pdf/USREPORTS-325-BackMatter-5.pdf">
              <identifier type="FDsys Unique ID">D09002ee1d4d044a0</identifier>
        </relatedItem>
         <extension>
              <searchTitle>United States reports : cases adjudged in the Supreme Court at October term, 1944, from April 23, 1945 (concluded) to and including (in part) June 18, 1945;Decisions Per Curiam</searchTitle>
              <granuleClass>BACKMATTER</granuleClass>
              <accessId>USREPORTS-325-BackMatter-5</accessId>
              <sequenceNumber>49</sequenceNumber>
              <pagePosition>1</pagePosition>
        </extension>
         <location>
              <url displayLabel="Content Detail" access="object in context">https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/USREPORTS-325/USREPORTS-325-BackMatter-5</url>
              <url access="raw object" displayLabel="PDF rendition">https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/USREPORTS-325/pdf/USREPORTS-325-BackMatter-5.pdf</url>
        </location>
    </relatedItem>
    <relatedItem type="constituent" ID="id-USREPORTS-325-BackMatter-6" xlink:href="https://www.govinfo.gov/metadata/granule/USREPORTS-325/USREPORTS-325-BackMatter-6/mods.xml">
         <titleInfo>
              <title>Decisions Granting Certiorari</title>
              <partName>Back Matter</partName>
        </titleInfo>
         <identifier type="uri">https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/USREPORTS-325/USREPORTS-325-BackMatter-6</identifier>
         <relatedItem type="otherFormat" xlink:href="https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/USREPORTS-325/pdf/USREPORTS-325-BackMatter-6.pdf">
              <identifier type="FDsys Unique ID">D09002ee1d4d044c9</identifier>
        </relatedItem>
         <extension>
              <searchTitle>United States reports : cases adjudged in the Supreme Court at October term, 1944, from April 23, 1945 (concluded) to and including (in part) June 18, 1945;Decisions Granting Certiorari</searchTitle>
              <granuleClass>BACKMATTER</granuleClass>
              <accessId>USREPORTS-325-BackMatter-6</accessId>
              <sequenceNumber>50</sequenceNumber>
              <pagePosition>1</pagePosition>
        </extension>
         <location>
              <url displayLabel="Content Detail" access="object in context">https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/USREPORTS-325/USREPORTS-325-BackMatter-6</url>
              <url access="raw object" displayLabel="PDF rendition">https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/USREPORTS-325/pdf/USREPORTS-325-BackMatter-6.pdf</url>
        </location>
    </relatedItem>
    <relatedItem type="constituent" ID="id-USREPORTS-325-BackMatter-7" xlink:href="https://www.govinfo.gov/metadata/granule/USREPORTS-325/USREPORTS-325-BackMatter-7/mods.xml">
         <titleInfo>
              <title>Decisions Denying Certiorari</title>
              <partName>Back Matter</partName>
        </titleInfo>
         <identifier type="uri">https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/USREPORTS-325/USREPORTS-325-BackMatter-7</identifier>
         <relatedItem type="otherFormat" xlink:href="https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/USREPORTS-325/pdf/USREPORTS-325-BackMatter-7.pdf">
              <identifier type="FDsys Unique ID">D09002ee1d4d044b8</identifier>
        </relatedItem>
         <extension>
              <searchTitle>United States reports : cases adjudged in the Supreme Court at October term, 1944, from April 23, 1945 (concluded) to and including (in part) June 18, 1945;Decisions Denying Certiorari</searchTitle>
              <granuleClass>BACKMATTER</granuleClass>
              <accessId>USREPORTS-325-BackMatter-7</accessId>
              <sequenceNumber>51</sequenceNumber>
              <pagePosition>1</pagePosition>
        </extension>
         <location>
              <url displayLabel="Content Detail" access="object in context">https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/USREPORTS-325/USREPORTS-325-BackMatter-7</url>
              <url access="raw object" displayLabel="PDF rendition">https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/USREPORTS-325/pdf/USREPORTS-325-BackMatter-7.pdf</url>
        </location>
    </relatedItem>
    <relatedItem type="constituent" ID="id-USREPORTS-325-BackMatter-3" xlink:href="https://www.govinfo.gov/metadata/granule/USREPORTS-325/USREPORTS-325-BackMatter-3/mods.xml">
         <titleInfo>
              <title>Cases Disposed of Without Consideration</title>
              <partName>Back Matter</partName>
        </titleInfo>
         <identifier type="uri">https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/USREPORTS-325/USREPORTS-325-BackMatter-3</identifier>
         <relatedItem type="otherFormat" xlink:href="https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/USREPORTS-325/pdf/USREPORTS-325-BackMatter-3.pdf">
              <identifier type="FDsys Unique ID">D09002ee1d4d044bf</identifier>
        </relatedItem>
         <extension>
              <searchTitle>United States reports : cases adjudged in the Supreme Court at October term, 1944, from April 23, 1945 (concluded) to and including (in part) June 18, 1945;Cases Disposed of Without Consideration</searchTitle>
              <granuleClass>BACKMATTER</granuleClass>
              <accessId>USREPORTS-325-BackMatter-3</accessId>
              <sequenceNumber>52</sequenceNumber>
              <pagePosition>1</pagePosition>
        </extension>
         <location>
              <url displayLabel="Content Detail" access="object in context">https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/USREPORTS-325/USREPORTS-325-BackMatter-3</url>
              <url access="raw object" displayLabel="PDF rendition">https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/USREPORTS-325/pdf/USREPORTS-325-BackMatter-3.pdf</url>
        </location>
    </relatedItem>
    <relatedItem type="constituent" ID="id-USREPORTS-325-BackMatter-4" xlink:href="https://www.govinfo.gov/metadata/granule/USREPORTS-325/USREPORTS-325-BackMatter-4/mods.xml">
         <titleInfo>
              <title>Decisions Denying Rehearing, From April 24, 1945, through June 18, 1945</title>
              <partName>Back Matter</partName>
        </titleInfo>
         <identifier type="uri">https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/USREPORTS-325/USREPORTS-325-BackMatter-4</identifier>
         <relatedItem type="otherFormat" xlink:href="https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/USREPORTS-325/pdf/USREPORTS-325-BackMatter-4.pdf">
              <identifier type="FDsys Unique ID">D09002ee1d4d044a5</identifier>
        </relatedItem>
         <extension>
              <searchTitle>United States reports : cases adjudged in the Supreme Court at October term, 1944, from April 23, 1945 (concluded) to and including (in part) June 18, 1945;Decisions Denying Rehearing, From April 24, 1945, through June 18, 1945</searchTitle>
              <granuleClass>BACKMATTER</granuleClass>
              <accessId>USREPORTS-325-BackMatter-4</accessId>
              <sequenceNumber>53</sequenceNumber>
              <pagePosition>2</pagePosition>
        </extension>
         <location>
              <url displayLabel="Content Detail" access="object in context">https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/USREPORTS-325/USREPORTS-325-BackMatter-4</url>
              <url access="raw object" displayLabel="PDF rendition">https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/USREPORTS-325/pdf/USREPORTS-325-BackMatter-4.pdf</url>
        </location>
    </relatedItem>
    <relatedItem type="constituent" ID="id-USREPORTS-325-BackMatter" xlink:href="https://www.govinfo.gov/metadata/granule/USREPORTS-325/USREPORTS-325-BackMatter/mods.xml">
         <titleInfo>
              <title>Statement</title>
              <partName>Back Matter</partName>
        </titleInfo>
         <identifier type="uri">https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/USREPORTS-325/USREPORTS-325-BackMatter</identifier>
         <relatedItem type="otherFormat" xlink:href="https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/USREPORTS-325/pdf/USREPORTS-325-BackMatter.pdf">
              <identifier type="FDsys Unique ID">D09002ee1d4d044e0</identifier>
        </relatedItem>
         <extension>
              <searchTitle>United States reports : cases adjudged in the Supreme Court at October term, 1944, from April 23, 1945 (concluded) to and including (in part) June 18, 1945;Statement</searchTitle>
              <granuleClass>BACKMATTER</granuleClass>
              <accessId>USREPORTS-325-BackMatter</accessId>
              <sequenceNumber>54</sequenceNumber>
              <pagePosition>1</pagePosition>
        </extension>
         <location>
              <url displayLabel="Content Detail" access="object in context">https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/USREPORTS-325/USREPORTS-325-BackMatter</url>
              <url access="raw object" displayLabel="PDF rendition">https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/USREPORTS-325/pdf/USREPORTS-325-BackMatter.pdf</url>
        </location>
    </relatedItem>
    <relatedItem type="constituent" ID="id-USREPORTS-325-BackMatter-2" xlink:href="https://www.govinfo.gov/metadata/granule/USREPORTS-325/USREPORTS-325-BackMatter-2/mods.xml">
         <titleInfo>
              <title>Index</title>
              <partName>Back Matter</partName>
        </titleInfo>
         <identifier type="uri">https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/USREPORTS-325/USREPORTS-325-BackMatter-2</identifier>
         <relatedItem type="otherFormat" xlink:href="https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/USREPORTS-325/pdf/USREPORTS-325-BackMatter-2.pdf">
              <identifier type="FDsys Unique ID">D09002ee1d4d044c2</identifier>
        </relatedItem>
         <extension>
              <searchTitle>United States reports : cases adjudged in the Supreme Court at October term, 1944, from April 23, 1945 (concluded) to and including (in part) June 18, 1945;Index</searchTitle>
              <granuleClass>BACKMATTER</granuleClass>
              <accessId>USREPORTS-325-BackMatter-2</accessId>
              <sequenceNumber>55</sequenceNumber>
              <pagePosition>1</pagePosition>
        </extension>
         <location>
              <url displayLabel="Content Detail" access="object in context">https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/USREPORTS-325/USREPORTS-325-BackMatter-2</url>
              <url access="raw object" displayLabel="PDF rendition">https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/USREPORTS-325/pdf/USREPORTS-325-BackMatter-2.pdf</url>
        </location>
    </relatedItem>
</mods>