United States Government Publishing Office publisher pbl distributor dst United States Government Accountability Office Resources, Community, and Economic Development Division author aut Government Organization text government publication eng GAOREPORTS Legislative Agency Publications gao legislative 2010-08-12 U.S. Government Printing Office 1999-02-19 monographic deposited born digital 109 p. GA 1.13:RCED-99-54 https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/GAOREPORTS-RCED-99-54 P0b002ee18038897c f:rc99054 DGPO 2010-08-12 2011-03-28 GAOREPORTS-RCED-99-54 machine generated eng fdlp REPORT GAOREPORTS-RCED-99-54 RCED-99-54 Nuclear weapons Nuclear proliferation Arms control agreements Foreign economic assistance Laboratories Defense conversion Dual-use technologies Cost analysis International cooperation DOE Initiatives for Proliferation Prevention Program DOD Cooperative Threat Reduction Program Defense Enterprise Fund DOE Nuclear Cities Initiative Russia Chapter Report RCED Pursuant to a congressional request, GAO reviewed the Department of Energy's (DOE) efforts to create jobs for displaced former Soviet Union scientists through its Initiatives for Proliferation Prevention program, focusing on: (1) the costs to implement the program for fiscal years 1994-98, including the amount of funds received by weapons scientists and institutes; (2) the extent to which the program's projects are meeting their nonproliferation and commercialization objectives; and (3) DOE's Nuclear Cities Initiative.<p/>GAO noted that: (1) the cost to implement the Initiatives for Proliferation Prevention program from fiscal year 1994 through June 1998 are as follows: (a) of the $63.5 million spent, $23.7 million, or 37 percent, went to scientific institutes in the Newly Independent States (NIS); (b) the amount of money that reached the scientists at the institutes is unknown because the institutes' overhead charges, taxes, and other fees reduced the amount of money available to pay the scientists; and (c) about 63 percent, or $39.8 million, of the program's funds was spent in the United States, mostly by DOE's national laboratories in implementing and providing oversight of the program; (2) regarding the extent to which the program is meeting its nonproliferation and commercialization goals, GAO found that: (a) the program has been successful in employing weapons scientists through research and development projects, but it has not achieved its broader nonproliferation goal of long-term employment through the commercialization of these projects; (b) program officials do not always know how many scientists are receiving program funding or whether the key scientists and institutes are being targeted; (c) some scientists currently working on Russia's weapons of mass destruction program are receiving program funds; (d) some dual-use projects may have unintentionally provided defense-related information--an outcome that could negatively affect U.S. national security interests; and (e) chemical and biological projects may not be adequately reviewed by U.S. officials prior to approval; and (3) the Nuclear Cities Initiative may cost $600 million over the next 5 years: (a) the initiative is still largely in a conceptual phase, and it is uncertain how jobs will be created in the 10 nuclear cities because of restricted access and the current financial crisis in Russia; and (b) the initiative is likely to be a subsidy program for Russia for many years, given the lack of commercial success in the Initiatives for Proliferation Prevention Program. https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/GAOREPORTS-RCED-99-54/html/GAOREPORTS-RCED-99-54.htm https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/GAOREPORTS-RCED-99-54/pdf/GAOREPORTS-RCED-99-54.pdf GAO/RCED-99-54 https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/GAOREPORTS-RCED-99-54 Chapter Report GAO/RCED-99-54; Nuclear Nonproliferation: Concerns With DOE's Efforts to Reduce the Risks Posed by Russia's Unemployed Weapons Scientists; Nuclear weapons Nuclear proliferation Arms control agreements Foreign economic assistance Laboratories Defense conversion Dual-use technologies Cost analysis International cooperation DOE Initiatives for Proliferation Prevention Program DOD Cooperative Threat Reduction Program Defense Enterprise Fund DOE Nuclear Cities Initiative Russia Public Law 103-87