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 <subject>Accountability</subject>
 <subject>Agency missions</subject>
 <subject>Federal employees</subject>
 <subject>Human capital</subject>
 <subject>Human capital management</subject>
 <subject>Human capital planning</subject>
 <subject>Performance management</subject>
 <subject>Performance measures</subject>
 <subject>Personnel management</subject>
 <subject>Productivity in government</subject>
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 <title>Human Capital: Agencies Need Leadership and the Supporting Infrastructure to Take Advantage of New Flexibilities</title>
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<abstract>Strategic human capital is the centerpiece of agencies&apos; efforts
to transform into high-performing organizations poised to meet	 
the challenges of the 21st Century. Congress, recognizing that	 
the federal human capital management systems designed in the past
are outmoded, has provided agencies with exemptions from the old 
rules and new flexibilities to more strategically manage their	 
workforce. Congress has already granted statutory exemptions and 
new authorities affecting more than 1.2 million civilian federal 
employees. The momentum is building to continue to reform the	 
policies, processes, and systems that govern federal human	 
capital management. Congress is interested in taking stock of how
agencies have implemented the new flexibilities they have been	 
granted, especially as it considers the future steps to be taken 
to achieve human capital reform. At the request of Congress, this
statement provides an update of GAO&apos;s work on the progress	 
agencies have made in implementing these flexibilities to better 
accomplish their missions and achieve their goals. In addition,  
it provides information on GAO&apos;s experiences with human capital  
reform and also highlights a set of consistent principles,	 
criteria, and processes that can help to guide future reforms,	 
whether they are new flexibilities granted to individual agencies
or applied governmentwide.</abstract>
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<identifier type="preferred citation">GAO-05-616T</identifier>
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<note>Testimony</note>
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 <topic>Accountability</topic>
 <topic>Agency missions</topic>
 <topic>Federal employees</topic>
 <topic>Human capital</topic>
 <topic>Human capital management</topic>
 <topic>Human capital planning</topic>
 <topic>Performance management</topic>
 <topic>Performance measures</topic>
 <topic>Personnel management</topic>
 <topic>Productivity in government</topic>
 <topic>Staff utilization</topic>
 <topic>Strategic planning</topic>
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