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 <subject>Computer crimes</subject>
 <subject>Computer security</subject>
 <subject>Computer software</subject>
 <subject>Computer viruses</subject>
 <subject>Criminals</subject>
 <subject>Hackers</subject>
 <subject>Information technology</subject>
 <subject>Internal controls</subject>
 <subject>National preparedness</subject>
 <subject>Standards and standardization</subject>
 <subject>Computer networks</subject>
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 <title>Critical Infrastructure Protection: Challenges and Efforts to Secure Control Systems</title>
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<abstract>Computerized control systems perform vital functions across many
of our nation&apos;s critical infrastructures. For example, in natural
gas distribution, they can monitor and control the pressure and  
flow of gas through pipelines. In October 1997, the President&apos;s  
Commission on Critical Infrastructure Protection emphasized the  
increasing vulnerability of control systems to cyber attacks. At 
the request of the House Committee on Government Reform,	 
Subcommittee on Technology, Information Policy, Intergovernmental
Relations and the Census, this testimony will discuss GAO&apos;s March
2004 report on potential cyber vulnerabilities, focusing on (1)  
significant cybersecurity risks associated with control systems  
(2) potential and reported cyber attacks against these systems	 
(3) key challenges to securing control systems, and (4) efforts  
to strengthen the cybersecurity of control systems.</abstract>
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<note>Testimony</note>
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 <topic>Computer crimes</topic>
 <topic>Computer security</topic>
 <topic>Computer software</topic>
 <topic>Computer viruses</topic>
 <topic>Criminals</topic>
 <topic>Hackers</topic>
 <topic>Information technology</topic>
 <topic>Internal controls</topic>
 <topic>National preparedness</topic>
 <topic>Standards and standardization</topic>
 <topic>Computer networks</topic>
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