United States Government Publishing Office publisher pbl distributor dst United States Government Accountability Office author aut Government Organization text government publication eng GAOREPORTS Legislative Agency Publications gao legislative 2010-08-12 U.S. Government Printing Office 2000-11-01 monographic deposited born digital 229 p. GA 1.13:GAO-01-8 https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/GAOREPORTS-GAO-01-8 P0b002ee18039a169 f:d018 DGPO 2010-08-12 2011-03-28 GAOREPORTS-GAO-01-8 machine generated eng fdlp REPORT GAOREPORTS-GAO-01-8 GAO-01-8 International organizations Foreign economic assistance International cooperation Macroeconomic analysis Strategic planning Economic development Foreign governments Foreign loans European Union Russia European Union Technical Assistance to the Commonwealth of Independent States Freedom Support Act Program Chapter Report

Since the breakup of the Soviet Union in 1991, organizations and donors have provided Russia with tens of billions of dollars in economic assistance directed at helping Russia's transition to a market economy within a democratic state. This transition presents opportunities and challenges to the Russians and to those that choose to provide economic assistance. This report focuses on the assistance given to Russia by the International Monetary Fund, the World Bank's International Bank for Reconstruction and Development, the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development, the 1992 Freedom Support Act, and the European Union's Technical Assistance to the Commonwealth of Independent States program. GAO found that the success of the assistance programs has been mixed. While there have been a number of individual successes, such as small business development, GAO's interview with the financial institutions revealed that overall program goals are not being met. GAO identified three obstacles toward attaining program objectives: (1) difficult conditions in Russia; (2) limitation in how programs were designed and implemented; and (3) the interdependent nature of Russia's transition needs. The financial institutions and donors, along with the Russian government, are reevaluating the design of their programs. GAO also noted several lessons learned that can improve the success of these programs. https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/GAOREPORTS-GAO-01-8/html/GAOREPORTS-GAO-01-8.htm https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/GAOREPORTS-GAO-01-8/pdf/GAOREPORTS-GAO-01-8.pdf GAO-01-8 https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/GAOREPORTS-GAO-01-8 Chapter Report GAO-01-8; Foreign Assistance: International Efforts to Aid Russia's; International organizations Foreign economic assistance International cooperation Macroeconomic analysis Strategic planning Economic development Foreign governments Foreign loans European Union Russia European Union Technical Assistance to the Commonwealth of Independent States Freedom Support Act Program Title 22 Section 13 Title 22 Section 5801et seq. 22 U.S.C. 13 22 U.S.C. 5801et seq. Public Law 102-511 Public Law 103-87