United States Government Publishing Office publisher pbl distributor dst United States Government Accountability Office Accounting and Information Management Division author aut Government Organization text government publication eng GAOREPORTS Legislative Agency Publications gao legislative 2010-08-12 U.S. Government Printing Office 1994-03-11 monographic deposited born digital GA 1.13:AIMD-94-28 https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/GAOREPORTS-AIMD-94-28 P0b002ee18039e966 f:ai94028 DGPO 2010-08-12 2011-03-28 GAOREPORTS-AIMD-94-28 machine generated eng fdlp REPORT GAOREPORTS-AIMD-94-28 AIMD-94-28 Systems architecture Earth resources satellites Information analysis operations Systems compatibility Programming languages Strategic information systems planning Weather forecasting Computerized information systems Computer software Information resources management Hurricane Andrew NOAA/NASA GOES-Next Satellite Program NWS Advanced Weather Interactive Processing System NWS Next Generation Weather Radar NWS Automated Surface Observing System Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite NWS Telecommunications Gateway NOAA Wind Profiler System NWS Automatic Hydrologic Observing System NWS AWIPS Forecast Preparation System Chapter Report AIMD The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) lacks a systems architecture, or overall blueprint, to guide the design, development, and evolution of the many subsystems comprising its $4 billion modernization of the National Weather Service's weather observing, information processing, and communications systems. This situation arose because NOAA officials have not managed the multiple subsystems as interrelated parts of a single system. As a result, incompatibilities have arisen among the subsystems, including different communication protocols and application languages. The modernization has never had a central manager or chief architect. Consequently, the subsystems continue to be developed and managed in largely the same manner as they were started--as individual systems that must be interconnected after development to meet National Weather Service requirements. Unless a single manager is appointed and an architecture is developed and enforced, the integration of these and potentially other new weather forecasting subsystems will continue to require more time, effort, and money than is necessary. https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/GAOREPORTS-AIMD-94-28/html/GAOREPORTS-AIMD-94-28.htm GAO/AIMD-94-28 https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/GAOREPORTS-AIMD-94-28 Chapter Report GAO/AIMD-94-28; Weather Forecasting: Systems Architecture Needed for National Weather Service Modernization; Systems architecture Earth resources satellites Information analysis operations Systems compatibility Programming languages Strategic information systems planning Weather forecasting Computerized information systems Computer software Information resources management Hurricane Andrew NOAA/NASA GOES-Next Satellite Program NWS Advanced Weather Interactive Processing System NWS Next Generation Weather Radar NWS Automated Surface Observing System Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite NWS Telecommunications Gateway NOAA Wind Profiler System NWS Automatic Hydrologic Observing System NWS AWIPS Forecast Preparation System