United States Government Publishing Office publisher pbl distributor dst United States Congress Senate author aut Government Organization text government publication eng CHRG Congressional Committee Materials 107_senate_hearings legislative 2010-09-28 https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/CHRG-107shrg87708 https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/CHRG-107shrg87708/html/CHRG-107shrg87708.htm https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/CHRG-107shrg87708/pdf/CHRG-107shrg87708.pdf U.S. Government Printing Office 2002-02-12 monographic deposited born digital 518 p. Y 4.B 22/3: https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/CHRG-107shrg87708 P0b002ee180ad4448 000625645 f:87708V1.done.txt DGPO 2010-09-28 2023-02-14 CHRG-107shrg87708 machine generated eng fdlp SHRG CHRG-107shrg87708 G SENATE 107 2 948 2002-02-12 2002-02-14 2002-02-26 2002-02-27 2002-03-05 2002-03-06 2002-03-14 2002-03-19 2002-03-20 2002-03-21 S. Hrg. 107-948 Volume 1 https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/CHRG-107shrg87708/CHRG-107shrg87708 f:87708V1.done.txt https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/CHRG-107shrg87708/CHRG-107shrg87708 https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/CHRG-107shrg87708/pdf/CHRG-107shrg87708.pdf https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/CHRG-107shrg87708/html/CHRG-107shrg87708.htm S. Hrg. 107-948,Volume 1 ACCOUNTING REFORM AND INVESTOR PROTECTION FIRSTPART CHRG-107shrg87708 Volume 1 1 true Arthur Levitt, Chairman, U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, 1993 to 2000 Richard C. Breeden, Chairman, U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, 1989 to 1993 David S. Ruder, Chairman, U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, 1987 to 1989 Harold M. Williams, Chairman, U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, 1977 to 1981 Roderick M. Hills, Chairman, U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, 1975 to 1977 Paul A. Volcker, Chairman, International Accounting Standards Committee Foundation; Chairman, Arthur Andersen's Independent Oversight Board; Former Chairman, Federal Reserve System Sir David Tweedie, Chairman, International Accounting Standards Board; Former Chairman, United Kingdom's Accounting Standards Board Walter P. Schuetze, Chief Accountant, U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, 1992 to 1995 Michael H. Sutton, Chief Accountant, U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, 1995 to 1998 Lynn E. Turner, Chief Accountant, U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, 1998 to 2001 Dennis R. Beresford, Former Chairman, Financial Accounting Standards Board, 1987 to 1997 John H. Biggs, Chairman, President, and CEO, Teachers Insurance and Annuity Association-College Retirement Equities Fund (TIAA- CREF) Ira M. Millstein, Co-Chairman of the Blue Ribbon Committee on Improving the Effectiveness of Corporate Audit Committees; Senior Partner, Weil, Gotshal & Manges, LLP David M. Walker, Comptroller General of the United States, U.S. General Accounting Office; accompanied by: Thomas McCool, Managing Director, Financial Markets and Community Investment; and Robert Gramling, Former Director, Corporate Financial Audits Robert R. Glauber, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, National Association of Securities Dealers, Inc Joel Seligman, Dean and Ethan A.H. Shepley University Professor, Washington University School of Law in St. Louis; Public Member, American Institute of Certified Public Accountants Professional Ethics Executive Committee John C. Coffee, Jr., Adolf A. Berle Professor of Law, Columbia University School of Law Shaun F. O'Malley, Chairman, 2000 Public Oversight Board Panel on Audit Effectiveness (O'Malley Commission); Former Chairman, Price Waterhouse; Past President, Financial Accounting Foundation Lee J. Seidler, Deputy Chairman of the 1978 AICPA Commission on Auditors' Responsibilities; Managing Director Emeritus, Bear Stearns Arthur R. Wyatt, CPA, Former Chairman, American Institute of Certified Public Accountants' Accounting Standards Executive Committee; Former Chairman, International Accounting Standards Committee; Former Partner, Arthur Andersen & Co.; Professor of Accountancy Emeritus, University of Illinois Abraham J. Briloff, Emanuel Saxe Distinguished Professor Emeritus, Bernard M. Baruch College, CUNY Bevis Longstreth, Member of the O'Malley Commission; Former Commissioner of the Securities & Exchange Commission, 1981- 1984; Retired Partner, Debevoise & Plimpton James G. Castellano, CPA, Chairman, Board of Directors, American Institute of Certified Public Accountants (AICPA); Managing Partner, Rubin, Brown, Gornstein & Company, LLP James E. Copeland, Jr., CPA, Chief Executive Officer, Deloitte & Touche, LLP William E. Balhoff, CPA, CFE, Chairman, Executive Committee, AICPA Public Company Practice Section; Senior Audit Director, Postlethwaite & Netterville, A.P.A.C Olivia F. Kirtley, CPA, Former Chairman, Board of Directors, AICPA (1998-1999); Retired Vice President and CFO, Vermont American Corporation James S. Gerson, CPA, Chairman, Auditing Standards Board, AICPA; Partner, PricewaterhouseCoopers, LLP Robert E. Litan, Vice President and Director, Economic Studies Program, The Brookings Institution Peter J. Wallison, Resident Fellow and Co-Director, Project on Financial Market Deregulation, American Enterprise Institute Charles A. Bowsher, Chairman, Public Oversight Board; Former Comptroller General of the United States; accompanied by: Alan B. Levenson, Counsel to the Public Oversight Board Aulana L. Peters, Member, Public Oversight Board; Former Commissioner, U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission; Retired Partner, Gibson, Dunn & Crutcher John C. Whitehead, Former Co-Chairman, Goldman Sachs & Co.; Former Deputy Secretary of State L. William Seidman, Former Chairman, Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation; Former Chairman, Resolution Trust Corporation Michael Mayo, Managing Director, Prudential Securities, Inc Senator Howard M. Metzenbaum (Ret.), Chairman, Consumer Federation of America Sarah Teslik, Executive Director, Council of Institutional Investors Thomas A. Bowman, CFA, President and Chief Executive Officer, Association for Investment Management and Research Damon A. Silvers, Associate General Counsel, American Federation of Labor and Congress of Industrial Organizations Harvey L. Pitt, Chairman, U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission false 87-708 Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs DANIEL K. AKAKA of Hawaii Daniel K. Akaka Akaka, Daniel K. Daniel Kohikina Akaka WAYNE ALLARD of Colorado Wayne Allard Allard, Wayne A. Wayne Allard ROBERT F. BENNETT of Utah Robert F. Bennett Bennett, Robert F. Robert Bennett JIM BUNNING of Kentucky Jim Bunning Bunning, Jim EVAN BAYH of Indiana Evan Bayh Bayh, Evan THOMAS R. CARPER of Delaware Thomas R. Carper Carper, Thomas R. Mr. Thomas Carper MIKE CRAPO of Idaho Mike Crapo Crapo, Mike JON S. CORZINE of New Jersey Jon S. Corzine Corzine, Jon S. Jon Corzine CHRISTOPHER J. DODD of Connecticut Christopher J. Dodd Dodd, Christopher J. Christopher John Dodd JOHN ENSIGN of Nevada John Ensign Ensign, John MICHAEL B. ENZI of Wyoming Michael B. Enzi Enzi, Michael B. Michael Enzi PHIL GRAMM of Texas Phil Gramm Gramm, Phil William Philip Gramm CHUCK HAGEL of Nebraska Chuck Hagel Hagel, Chuck TIM JOHNSON of South Dakota Tim Johnson Johnson, Tim ZELL MILLER of Georgia Zell Miller Miller, Zell JACK REED of Rhode Island Jack Reed Reed, Jack Mr. John Reed RICK SANTORUM of Pennsylvania Rick Santorum Santorum, Rick PAUL S. SARBANES of Maryland Paul S. Sarbanes Sarbanes, Paul S. Paul Spyros Sarbanes CHARLES E. SCHUMER of New York Charles E. Schumer Schumer, Charles E. Mr. Charles Schumer RICHARD C. SHELBY of Alabama Richard C. Shelby Shelby, Richard C. Mr. Richard Shelby DEBBIE STABENOW of Michigan Debbie Stabenow Stabenow, Debbie false false United States Congress Senate Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs associated name asn Government Organization Daniel K. Akaka United States Senate committee member United States Congressional Member Wayne Allard United States Senate committee member United States Congressional Member Robert F. Bennett United States Senate committee member United States Congressional Member Jim Bunning United States Senate committee member United States Congressional Member Evan Bayh United States Senate committee member United States Congressional Member Thomas R. Carper United States Senate committee member United States Congressional Member Mike Crapo United States Senate committee member United States Congressional Member Jon S. Corzine United States Senate committee member United States Congressional Member Christopher J. Dodd United States Senate committee member United States Congressional Member John Ensign United States Senate committee member United States Congressional Member Michael B. Enzi United States Senate committee member United States Congressional Member Phil Gramm United States Senate committee member United States Congressional Member Chuck Hagel United States Senate committee member United States Congressional Member Tim Johnson United States Senate committee member United States Congressional Member Zell Miller United States Senate committee member United States Congressional Member Jack Reed United States Senate committee member United States Congressional Member Rick Santorum United States Senate committee member United States Congressional Member Paul S. Sarbanes United States Senate committee member United States Congressional Member Charles E. Schumer United States Senate committee member United States Congressional Member Richard C. Shelby United States Senate committee member United States Congressional Member Debbie Stabenow United States Senate committee member United States Congressional Member Arthur Levitt, Chairman, U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, 1993 to 2000 witness wit Hearing Witness Richard C. Breeden, Chairman, U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, 1989 to 1993 witness wit Hearing Witness David S. Ruder, Chairman, U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, 1987 to 1989 witness wit Hearing Witness Harold M. Williams, Chairman, U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, 1977 to 1981 witness wit Hearing Witness Roderick M. Hills, Chairman, U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, 1975 to 1977 witness wit Hearing Witness Paul A. Volcker, Chairman, International Accounting Standards Committee Foundation; Chairman, Arthur Andersen's Independent Oversight Board; Former Chairman, Federal Reserve System witness wit Hearing Witness Sir David Tweedie, Chairman, International Accounting Standards Board; Former Chairman, United Kingdom's Accounting Standards Board witness wit Hearing Witness Walter P. Schuetze, Chief Accountant, U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, 1992 to 1995 witness wit Hearing Witness Michael H. Sutton, Chief Accountant, U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, 1995 to 1998 witness wit Hearing Witness Lynn E. Turner, Chief Accountant, U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, 1998 to 2001 witness wit Hearing Witness Dennis R. Beresford, Former Chairman, Financial Accounting Standards Board, 1987 to 1997 witness wit Hearing Witness John H. Biggs, Chairman, President, and CEO, Teachers Insurance and Annuity Association-College Retirement Equities Fund (TIAA- CREF) witness wit Hearing Witness Ira M. Millstein, Co-Chairman of the Blue Ribbon Committee on Improving the Effectiveness of Corporate Audit Committees; Senior Partner, Weil, Gotshal & Manges, LLP witness wit Hearing Witness David M. Walker, Comptroller General of the United States, U.S. General Accounting Office; accompanied by: Thomas McCool, Managing Director, Financial Markets and Community Investment; and Robert Gramling, Former Director, Corporate Financial Audits witness wit Hearing Witness Robert R. Glauber, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, National Association of Securities Dealers, Inc witness wit Hearing Witness Joel Seligman, Dean and Ethan A.H. Shepley University Professor, Washington University School of Law in St. Louis; Public Member, American Institute of Certified Public Accountants Professional Ethics Executive Committee witness wit Hearing Witness John C. Coffee, Jr., Adolf A. Berle Professor of Law, Columbia University School of Law witness wit Hearing Witness Shaun F. O'Malley, Chairman, 2000 Public Oversight Board Panel on Audit Effectiveness (O'Malley Commission); Former Chairman, Price Waterhouse; Past President, Financial Accounting Foundation witness wit Hearing Witness Lee J. Seidler, Deputy Chairman of the 1978 AICPA Commission on Auditors' Responsibilities; Managing Director Emeritus, Bear Stearns witness wit Hearing Witness Arthur R. Wyatt, CPA, Former Chairman, American Institute of Certified Public Accountants' Accounting Standards Executive Committee; Former Chairman, International Accounting Standards Committee; Former Partner, Arthur Andersen & Co.; Professor of Accountancy Emeritus, University of Illinois witness wit Hearing Witness Abraham J. Briloff, Emanuel Saxe Distinguished Professor Emeritus, Bernard M. Baruch College, CUNY witness wit Hearing Witness Bevis Longstreth, Member of the O'Malley Commission; Former Commissioner of the Securities & Exchange Commission, 1981- 1984; Retired Partner, Debevoise & Plimpton witness wit Hearing Witness James G. Castellano, CPA, Chairman, Board of Directors, American Institute of Certified Public Accountants (AICPA); Managing Partner, Rubin, Brown, Gornstein & Company, LLP witness wit Hearing Witness James E. Copeland, Jr., CPA, Chief Executive Officer, Deloitte & Touche, LLP witness wit Hearing Witness William E. Balhoff, CPA, CFE, Chairman, Executive Committee, AICPA Public Company Practice Section; Senior Audit Director, Postlethwaite & Netterville, A.P.A.C witness wit Hearing Witness Olivia F. Kirtley, CPA, Former Chairman, Board of Directors, AICPA (1998-1999); Retired Vice President and CFO, Vermont American Corporation witness wit Hearing Witness James S. Gerson, CPA, Chairman, Auditing Standards Board, AICPA; Partner, PricewaterhouseCoopers, LLP witness wit Hearing Witness Robert E. Litan, Vice President and Director, Economic Studies Program, The Brookings Institution witness wit Hearing Witness Peter J. Wallison, Resident Fellow and Co-Director, Project on Financial Market Deregulation, American Enterprise Institute witness wit Hearing Witness Charles A. Bowsher, Chairman, Public Oversight Board; Former Comptroller General of the United States; accompanied by: Alan B. Levenson, Counsel to the Public Oversight Board witness wit Hearing Witness Aulana L. Peters, Member, Public Oversight Board; Former Commissioner, U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission; Retired Partner, Gibson, Dunn & Crutcher witness wit Hearing Witness John C. Whitehead, Former Co-Chairman, Goldman Sachs & Co.; Former Deputy Secretary of State witness wit Hearing Witness L. William Seidman, Former Chairman, Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation; Former Chairman, Resolution Trust Corporation witness wit Hearing Witness Michael Mayo, Managing Director, Prudential Securities, Inc witness wit Hearing Witness Senator Howard M. Metzenbaum (Ret.), Chairman, Consumer Federation of America witness wit Hearing Witness Sarah Teslik, Executive Director, Council of Institutional Investors witness wit Hearing Witness Thomas A. Bowman, CFA, President and Chief Executive Officer, Association for Investment Management and Research witness wit Hearing Witness Damon A. Silvers, Associate General Counsel, American Federation of Labor and Congress of Industrial Organizations witness wit Hearing Witness Harvey L. Pitt, Chairman, U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission witness wit Hearing Witness H.R. 1088 107 BODY S. 1895 107 BODY S. 2010 107 BODY S. 2673 107 BODY H.R. 3763 107 BODY H.R. 5118 107 BODY Public Law 107-204 Public Law No 107-204 Title 17 Part 229.303(a) 17 CFR Part 229.303(a) Volume 2 https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/CHRG-107shrg87708/CHRG-107shrg87708-volII f:87708V2.done.txt https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/CHRG-107shrg87708/CHRG-107shrg87708-volII https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/CHRG-107shrg87708/pdf/CHRG-107shrg87708-volII.pdf https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/CHRG-107shrg87708/html/CHRG-107shrg87708-volII.htm S. Hrg. 107-948,Volume 2 ACCOUNTING REFORM AND INVESTOR PROTECTION OTHERPART CHRG-107shrg87708-volII Volume 2 2 true Arthur Levitt, Chairman, U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, 1993 to 2000 Richard C. Breeden, Chairman, U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, 1989 to 1993 David S. Ruder, Chairman, U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, 1987 to 1989 Harold M. Williams, Chairman, U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, 1977 to 1981 Roderick M. Hills, Chairman, U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, 1975 to 1977 Paul A. Volcker, Chairman, International Accounting Standards Committee Foundation; Chairman, Arthur Andersen's Independent Oversight Board; Former Chairman, Federal Reserve System Sir David Tweedie, Chairman, International Accounting Standards Board; Former Chairman, United Kingdom's Accounting Standards Board Walter P. Schuetze, Chief Accountant, U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, 1992 to 1995 Michael H. Sutton, Chief Accountant, U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, 1995 to 1998 Lynn E. Turner, Chief Accountant, U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, 1998 to 2001 Dennis R. Beresford, Former Chairman, Financial Accounting Standards Board, 1987 to 1997 John H. Biggs, Chairman, President, and CEO, Teachers Insurance and Annuity Association-College Retirement Equities Fund (TIAA- CREF) Ira M. Millstein, Co-Chairman of the Blue Ribbon Committee on Improving the Effectiveness of Corporate Audit Committees; Senior Partner, Weil, Gotshal & Manges, LLP David M. Walker, Comptroller General of the United States, U.S. General Accounting Office; accompanied by: Thomas McCool, Managing Director, Financial Markets and Community Investment; and Robert Gramling, Former Director, Corporate Financial Audits Robert R. Glauber, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, National Association of Securities Dealers, Inc Joel Seligman, Dean and Ethan A.H. Shepley University Professor, Washington University School of Law in St. Louis; Public Member, American Institute of Certified Public Accountants Professional Ethics Executive Committee John C. Coffee, Jr., Adolf A. Berle Professor of Law, Columbia University School of Law Shaun F. O'Malley, Chairman, 2000 Public Oversight Board Panel on Audit Effectiveness (O'Malley Commission); Former Chairman, Price Waterhouse; Past President, Financial Accounting Foundation Lee J. Seidler, Deputy Chairman of the 1978 AICPA Commission on Auditors' Responsibilities; Managing Director Emeritus, Bear Stearns Arthur R. Wyatt, CPA, Former Chairman, American Institute of Certified Public Accountants' Accounting Standards Executive Committee; Former Chairman, International Accounting Standards Committee; Former Partner, Arthur Andersen & Co.; Professor of Accountancy Emeritus, University of Illinois Abraham J. Briloff, Emanuel Saxe Distinguished Professor Emeritus, Bernard M. Baruch College, CUNY Bevis Longstreth, Member of the O'Malley Commission; Former Commissioner of the Securities & Exchange Commission, 1981- 1984; Retired Partner, Debevoise & Plimpton James G. Castellano, CPA, Chairman, Board of Directors, American Institute of Certified Public Accountants (AICPA); Managing Partner, Rubin, Brown, Gornstein & Company, LLP James E. Copeland, Jr., CPA, Chief Executive Officer, Deloitte & Touche, LLP William E. Balhoff, CPA, CFE, Chairman, Executive Committee, AICPA Public Company Practice Section; Senior Audit Director, Postlethwaite & Netterville, A.P.A.C Olivia F. Kirtley, CPA, Former Chairman, Board of Directors, AICPA (1998-1999); Retired Vice President and CFO, Vermont American Corporation James S. Gerson, CPA, Chairman, Auditing Standards Board, AICPA; Partner, PricewaterhouseCoopers, LLP Robert E. Litan, Vice President and Director, Economic Studies Program, The Brookings Institution Peter J. Wallison, Resident Fellow and Co-Director, Project on Financial Market Deregulation, American Enterprise Institute Charles A. Bowsher, Chairman, Public Oversight Board; Former Comptroller General of the United States; accompanied by: Alan B. Levenson, Counsel to the Public Oversight Board Aulana L. Peters, Member, Public Oversight Board; Former Commissioner, U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission; Retired Partner, Gibson, Dunn & Crutcher John C. Whitehead, Former Co-Chairman, Goldman Sachs & Co.; Former Deputy Secretary of State L. William Seidman, Former Chairman, Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation; Former Chairman, Resolution Trust Corporation Michael Mayo, Managing Director, Prudential Securities, Inc Senator Howard M. Metzenbaum (Ret.), Chairman, Consumer Federation of America Sarah Teslik, Executive Director, Council of Institutional Investors Thomas A. Bowman, CFA, President and Chief Executive Officer, Association for Investment Management and Research Damon A. Silvers, Associate General Counsel, American Federation of Labor and Congress of Industrial Organizations Harvey L. Pitt, Chairman, U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission false 87-708 Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs DANIEL K. AKAKA of Hawaii Daniel K. Akaka Akaka, Daniel K. Daniel Kohikina Akaka WAYNE ALLARD of Colorado Wayne Allard Allard, Wayne A. Wayne Allard ROBERT F. BENNETT of Utah Robert F. Bennett Bennett, Robert F. Robert Bennett JIM BUNNING of Kentucky Jim Bunning Bunning, Jim EVAN BAYH of Indiana Evan Bayh Bayh, Evan THOMAS R. CARPER of Delaware Thomas R. Carper Carper, Thomas R. Mr. Thomas Carper MIKE CRAPO of Idaho Mike Crapo Crapo, Mike JON S. CORZINE of New Jersey Jon S. Corzine Corzine, Jon S. Jon Corzine CHRISTOPHER J. DODD of Connecticut Christopher J. Dodd Dodd, Christopher J. Christopher John Dodd JOHN ENSIGN of Nevada John Ensign Ensign, John MICHAEL B. ENZI of Wyoming Michael B. Enzi Enzi, Michael B. Michael Enzi PHIL GRAMM of Texas Phil Gramm Gramm, Phil William Philip Gramm CHUCK HAGEL of Nebraska Chuck Hagel Hagel, Chuck TIM JOHNSON of South Dakota Tim Johnson Johnson, Tim ZELL MILLER of Georgia Zell Miller Miller, Zell JACK REED of Rhode Island Jack Reed Reed, Jack Mr. John Reed RICK SANTORUM of Pennsylvania Rick Santorum Santorum, Rick PAUL S. SARBANES of Maryland Paul S. Sarbanes Sarbanes, Paul S. Paul Spyros Sarbanes CHARLES E. SCHUMER of New York Charles E. Schumer Schumer, Charles E. Mr. Charles Schumer RICHARD C. SHELBY of Alabama Richard C. Shelby Shelby, Richard C. Mr. Richard Shelby DEBBIE STABENOW of Michigan Debbie Stabenow Stabenow, Debbie false false United States Congress Senate Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs associated name asn Government Organization Daniel K. Akaka United States Senate committee member United States Congressional Member Wayne Allard United States Senate committee member United States Congressional Member Robert F. Bennett United States Senate committee member United States Congressional Member Jim Bunning United States Senate committee member United States Congressional Member Evan Bayh United States Senate committee member United States Congressional Member Thomas R. Carper United States Senate committee member United States Congressional Member Mike Crapo United States Senate committee member United States Congressional Member Jon S. Corzine United States Senate committee member United States Congressional Member Christopher J. Dodd United States Senate committee member United States Congressional Member John Ensign United States Senate committee member United States Congressional Member Michael B. Enzi United States Senate committee member United States Congressional Member Phil Gramm United States Senate committee member United States Congressional Member Chuck Hagel United States Senate committee member United States Congressional Member Tim Johnson United States Senate committee member United States Congressional Member Zell Miller United States Senate committee member United States Congressional Member Jack Reed United States Senate committee member United States Congressional Member Rick Santorum United States Senate committee member United States Congressional Member Paul S. Sarbanes United States Senate committee member United States Congressional Member Charles E. Schumer United States Senate committee member United States Congressional Member Richard C. Shelby United States Senate committee member United States Congressional Member Debbie Stabenow United States Senate committee member United States Congressional Member Arthur Levitt, Chairman, U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, 1993 to 2000 witness wit Hearing Witness Richard C. Breeden, Chairman, U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, 1989 to 1993 witness wit Hearing Witness David S. Ruder, Chairman, U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, 1987 to 1989 witness wit Hearing Witness Harold M. Williams, Chairman, U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, 1977 to 1981 witness wit Hearing Witness Roderick M. Hills, Chairman, U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, 1975 to 1977 witness wit Hearing Witness Paul A. Volcker, Chairman, International Accounting Standards Committee Foundation; Chairman, Arthur Andersen's Independent Oversight Board; Former Chairman, Federal Reserve System witness wit Hearing Witness Sir David Tweedie, Chairman, International Accounting Standards Board; Former Chairman, United Kingdom's Accounting Standards Board witness wit Hearing Witness Walter P. Schuetze, Chief Accountant, U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, 1992 to 1995 witness wit Hearing Witness Michael H. Sutton, Chief Accountant, U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, 1995 to 1998 witness wit Hearing Witness Lynn E. Turner, Chief Accountant, U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, 1998 to 2001 witness wit Hearing Witness Dennis R. Beresford, Former Chairman, Financial Accounting Standards Board, 1987 to 1997 witness wit Hearing Witness John H. Biggs, Chairman, President, and CEO, Teachers Insurance and Annuity Association-College Retirement Equities Fund (TIAA- CREF) witness wit Hearing Witness Ira M. Millstein, Co-Chairman of the Blue Ribbon Committee on Improving the Effectiveness of Corporate Audit Committees; Senior Partner, Weil, Gotshal & Manges, LLP witness wit Hearing Witness David M. Walker, Comptroller General of the United States, U.S. General Accounting Office; accompanied by: Thomas McCool, Managing Director, Financial Markets and Community Investment; and Robert Gramling, Former Director, Corporate Financial Audits witness wit Hearing Witness Robert R. Glauber, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, National Association of Securities Dealers, Inc witness wit Hearing Witness Joel Seligman, Dean and Ethan A.H. Shepley University Professor, Washington University School of Law in St. Louis; Public Member, American Institute of Certified Public Accountants Professional Ethics Executive Committee witness wit Hearing Witness John C. Coffee, Jr., Adolf A. Berle Professor of Law, Columbia University School of Law witness wit Hearing Witness Shaun F. O'Malley, Chairman, 2000 Public Oversight Board Panel on Audit Effectiveness (O'Malley Commission); Former Chairman, Price Waterhouse; Past President, Financial Accounting Foundation witness wit Hearing Witness Lee J. Seidler, Deputy Chairman of the 1978 AICPA Commission on Auditors' Responsibilities; Managing Director Emeritus, Bear Stearns witness wit Hearing Witness Arthur R. Wyatt, CPA, Former Chairman, American Institute of Certified Public Accountants' Accounting Standards Executive Committee; Former Chairman, International Accounting Standards Committee; Former Partner, Arthur Andersen & Co.; Professor of Accountancy Emeritus, University of Illinois witness wit Hearing Witness Abraham J. Briloff, Emanuel Saxe Distinguished Professor Emeritus, Bernard M. Baruch College, CUNY witness wit Hearing Witness Bevis Longstreth, Member of the O'Malley Commission; Former Commissioner of the Securities & Exchange Commission, 1981- 1984; Retired Partner, Debevoise & Plimpton witness wit Hearing Witness James G. Castellano, CPA, Chairman, Board of Directors, American Institute of Certified Public Accountants (AICPA); Managing Partner, Rubin, Brown, Gornstein & Company, LLP witness wit Hearing Witness James E. Copeland, Jr., CPA, Chief Executive Officer, Deloitte & Touche, LLP witness wit Hearing Witness William E. Balhoff, CPA, CFE, Chairman, Executive Committee, AICPA Public Company Practice Section; Senior Audit Director, Postlethwaite & Netterville, A.P.A.C witness wit Hearing Witness Olivia F. Kirtley, CPA, Former Chairman, Board of Directors, AICPA (1998-1999); Retired Vice President and CFO, Vermont American Corporation witness wit Hearing Witness James S. Gerson, CPA, Chairman, Auditing Standards Board, AICPA; Partner, PricewaterhouseCoopers, LLP witness wit Hearing Witness Robert E. Litan, Vice President and Director, Economic Studies Program, The Brookings Institution witness wit Hearing Witness Peter J. Wallison, Resident Fellow and Co-Director, Project on Financial Market Deregulation, American Enterprise Institute witness wit Hearing Witness Charles A. Bowsher, Chairman, Public Oversight Board; Former Comptroller General of the United States; accompanied by: Alan B. Levenson, Counsel to the Public Oversight Board witness wit Hearing Witness Aulana L. Peters, Member, Public Oversight Board; Former Commissioner, U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission; Retired Partner, Gibson, Dunn & Crutcher witness wit Hearing Witness John C. Whitehead, Former Co-Chairman, Goldman Sachs & Co.; Former Deputy Secretary of State witness wit Hearing Witness L. William Seidman, Former Chairman, Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation; Former Chairman, Resolution Trust Corporation witness wit Hearing Witness Michael Mayo, Managing Director, Prudential Securities, Inc witness wit Hearing Witness Senator Howard M. Metzenbaum (Ret.), Chairman, Consumer Federation of America witness wit Hearing Witness Sarah Teslik, Executive Director, Council of Institutional Investors witness wit Hearing Witness Thomas A. Bowman, CFA, President and Chief Executive Officer, Association for Investment Management and Research witness wit Hearing Witness Damon A. Silvers, Associate General Counsel, American Federation of Labor and Congress of Industrial Organizations witness wit Hearing Witness Harvey L. Pitt, Chairman, U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission witness wit Hearing Witness H.R. 1088 107 BODY S. 1895 107 BODY S. 2010 107 BODY S. 2673 107 BODY H.R. 3763 107 BODY H.R. 5118 107 BODY Public Law 107-204 Public Law No 107-204 Title 17 Part 229.303(a) 17 CFR Part 229.303(a) Volume 3 https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/CHRG-107shrg87708/CHRG-107shrg87708-volIII f:87708V3.done.txt https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/CHRG-107shrg87708/CHRG-107shrg87708-volIII https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/CHRG-107shrg87708/pdf/CHRG-107shrg87708-volIII.pdf https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/CHRG-107shrg87708/html/CHRG-107shrg87708-volIII.htm S. Hrg. 107-948,Volume 3 ACCOUNTING REFORM AND INVESTOR PROTECTION OTHERPART CHRG-107shrg87708-volIII Volume 3 3 true Arthur Levitt, Chairman, U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, 1993 to 2000 Richard C. Breeden, Chairman, U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, 1989 to 1993 David S. Ruder, Chairman, U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, 1987 to 1989 Harold M. Williams, Chairman, U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, 1977 to 1981 Roderick M. Hills, Chairman, U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, 1975 to 1977 Paul A. Volcker, Chairman, International Accounting Standards Committee Foundation; Chairman, Arthur Andersen's Independent Oversight Board; Former Chairman, Federal Reserve System Sir David Tweedie, Chairman, International Accounting Standards Board; Former Chairman, United Kingdom's Accounting Standards Board Walter P. Schuetze, Chief Accountant, U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, 1992 to 1995 Michael H. Sutton, Chief Accountant, U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, 1995 to 1998 Lynn E. Turner, Chief Accountant, U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, 1998 to 2001 Dennis R. Beresford, Former Chairman, Financial Accounting Standards Board, 1987 to 1997 John H. Biggs, Chairman, President, and CEO, Teachers Insurance and Annuity Association-College Retirement Equities Fund (TIAA- CREF) Ira M. Millstein, Co-Chairman of the Blue Ribbon Committee on Improving the Effectiveness of Corporate Audit Committees; Senior Partner, Weil, Gotshal & Manges, LLP David M. Walker, Comptroller General of the United States, U.S. General Accounting Office; accompanied by: Thomas McCool, Managing Director, Financial Markets and Community Investment; and Robert Gramling, Former Director, Corporate Financial Audits Robert R. Glauber, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, National Association of Securities Dealers, Inc Joel Seligman, Dean and Ethan A.H. Shepley University Professor, Washington University School of Law in St. Louis; Public Member, American Institute of Certified Public Accountants Professional Ethics Executive Committee John C. Coffee, Jr., Adolf A. Berle Professor of Law, Columbia University School of Law Shaun F. O'Malley, Chairman, 2000 Public Oversight Board Panel on Audit Effectiveness (O'Malley Commission); Former Chairman, Price Waterhouse; Past President, Financial Accounting Foundation Lee J. Seidler, Deputy Chairman of the 1978 AICPA Commission on Auditors' Responsibilities; Managing Director Emeritus, Bear Stearns Arthur R. Wyatt, CPA, Former Chairman, American Institute of Certified Public Accountants' Accounting Standards Executive Committee; Former Chairman, International Accounting Standards Committee; Former Partner, Arthur Andersen & Co.; Professor of Accountancy Emeritus, University of Illinois Abraham J. Briloff, Emanuel Saxe Distinguished Professor Emeritus, Bernard M. Baruch College, CUNY Bevis Longstreth, Member of the O'Malley Commission; Former Commissioner of the Securities & Exchange Commission, 1981- 1984; Retired Partner, Debevoise & Plimpton James G. Castellano, CPA, Chairman, Board of Directors, American Institute of Certified Public Accountants (AICPA); Managing Partner, Rubin, Brown, Gornstein & Company, LLP James E. Copeland, Jr., CPA, Chief Executive Officer, Deloitte & Touche, LLP William E. Balhoff, CPA, CFE, Chairman, Executive Committee, AICPA Public Company Practice Section; Senior Audit Director, Postlethwaite & Netterville, A.P.A.C Olivia F. Kirtley, CPA, Former Chairman, Board of Directors, AICPA (1998-1999); Retired Vice President and CFO, Vermont American Corporation James S. Gerson, CPA, Chairman, Auditing Standards Board, AICPA; Partner, PricewaterhouseCoopers, LLP Robert E. Litan, Vice President and Director, Economic Studies Program, The Brookings Institution Peter J. Wallison, Resident Fellow and Co-Director, Project on Financial Market Deregulation, American Enterprise Institute Charles A. Bowsher, Chairman, Public Oversight Board; Former Comptroller General of the United States; accompanied by: Alan B. Levenson, Counsel to the Public Oversight Board Aulana L. Peters, Member, Public Oversight Board; Former Commissioner, U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission; Retired Partner, Gibson, Dunn & Crutcher John C. Whitehead, Former Co-Chairman, Goldman Sachs & Co.; Former Deputy Secretary of State L. William Seidman, Former Chairman, Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation; Former Chairman, Resolution Trust Corporation Michael Mayo, Managing Director, Prudential Securities, Inc Senator Howard M. Metzenbaum (Ret.), Chairman, Consumer Federation of America Sarah Teslik, Executive Director, Council of Institutional Investors Thomas A. Bowman, CFA, President and Chief Executive Officer, Association for Investment Management and Research Damon A. Silvers, Associate General Counsel, American Federation of Labor and Congress of Industrial Organizations Harvey L. Pitt, Chairman, U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission false 87-708 Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs DANIEL K. AKAKA of Hawaii Daniel K. Akaka Akaka, Daniel K. Daniel Kohikina Akaka WAYNE ALLARD of Colorado Wayne Allard Allard, Wayne A. Wayne Allard ROBERT F. BENNETT of Utah Robert F. Bennett Bennett, Robert F. Robert Bennett JIM BUNNING of Kentucky Jim Bunning Bunning, Jim EVAN BAYH of Indiana Evan Bayh Bayh, Evan THOMAS R. CARPER of Delaware Thomas R. Carper Carper, Thomas R. Mr. Thomas Carper MIKE CRAPO of Idaho Mike Crapo Crapo, Mike JON S. CORZINE of New Jersey Jon S. Corzine Corzine, Jon S. Jon Corzine CHRISTOPHER J. DODD of Connecticut Christopher J. Dodd Dodd, Christopher J. Christopher John Dodd JOHN ENSIGN of Nevada John Ensign Ensign, John MICHAEL B. ENZI of Wyoming Michael B. Enzi Enzi, Michael B. Michael Enzi PHIL GRAMM of Texas Phil Gramm Gramm, Phil William Philip Gramm CHUCK HAGEL of Nebraska Chuck Hagel Hagel, Chuck TIM JOHNSON of South Dakota Tim Johnson Johnson, Tim ZELL MILLER of Georgia Zell Miller Miller, Zell JACK REED of Rhode Island Jack Reed Reed, Jack Mr. John Reed RICK SANTORUM of Pennsylvania Rick Santorum Santorum, Rick PAUL S. SARBANES of Maryland Paul S. Sarbanes Sarbanes, Paul S. Paul Spyros Sarbanes CHARLES E. SCHUMER of New York Charles E. Schumer Schumer, Charles E. Mr. Charles Schumer RICHARD C. SHELBY of Alabama Richard C. Shelby Shelby, Richard C. Mr. Richard Shelby DEBBIE STABENOW of Michigan Debbie Stabenow Stabenow, Debbie false false United States Congress Senate Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs associated name asn Government Organization Daniel K. Akaka United States Senate committee member United States Congressional Member Wayne Allard United States Senate committee member United States Congressional Member Robert F. Bennett United States Senate committee member United States Congressional Member Jim Bunning United States Senate committee member United States Congressional Member Evan Bayh United States Senate committee member United States Congressional Member Thomas R. Carper United States Senate committee member United States Congressional Member Mike Crapo United States Senate committee member United States Congressional Member Jon S. Corzine United States Senate committee member United States Congressional Member Christopher J. Dodd United States Senate committee member United States Congressional Member John Ensign United States Senate committee member United States Congressional Member Michael B. Enzi United States Senate committee member United States Congressional Member Phil Gramm United States Senate committee member United States Congressional Member Chuck Hagel United States Senate committee member United States Congressional Member Tim Johnson United States Senate committee member United States Congressional Member Zell Miller United States Senate committee member United States Congressional Member Jack Reed United States Senate committee member United States Congressional Member Rick Santorum United States Senate committee member United States Congressional Member Paul S. Sarbanes United States Senate committee member United States Congressional Member Charles E. Schumer United States Senate committee member United States Congressional Member Richard C. Shelby United States Senate committee member United States Congressional Member Debbie Stabenow United States Senate committee member United States Congressional Member Arthur Levitt, Chairman, U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, 1993 to 2000 witness wit Hearing Witness Richard C. Breeden, Chairman, U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, 1989 to 1993 witness wit Hearing Witness David S. Ruder, Chairman, U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, 1987 to 1989 witness wit Hearing Witness Harold M. Williams, Chairman, U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, 1977 to 1981 witness wit Hearing Witness Roderick M. Hills, Chairman, U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, 1975 to 1977 witness wit Hearing Witness Paul A. Volcker, Chairman, International Accounting Standards Committee Foundation; Chairman, Arthur Andersen's Independent Oversight Board; Former Chairman, Federal Reserve System witness wit Hearing Witness Sir David Tweedie, Chairman, International Accounting Standards Board; Former Chairman, United Kingdom's Accounting Standards Board witness wit Hearing Witness Walter P. Schuetze, Chief Accountant, U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, 1992 to 1995 witness wit Hearing Witness Michael H. Sutton, Chief Accountant, U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, 1995 to 1998 witness wit Hearing Witness Lynn E. Turner, Chief Accountant, U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, 1998 to 2001 witness wit Hearing Witness Dennis R. Beresford, Former Chairman, Financial Accounting Standards Board, 1987 to 1997 witness wit Hearing Witness John H. Biggs, Chairman, President, and CEO, Teachers Insurance and Annuity Association-College Retirement Equities Fund (TIAA- CREF) witness wit Hearing Witness Ira M. Millstein, Co-Chairman of the Blue Ribbon Committee on Improving the Effectiveness of Corporate Audit Committees; Senior Partner, Weil, Gotshal & Manges, LLP witness wit Hearing Witness David M. Walker, Comptroller General of the United States, U.S. General Accounting Office; accompanied by: Thomas McCool, Managing Director, Financial Markets and Community Investment; and Robert Gramling, Former Director, Corporate Financial Audits witness wit Hearing Witness Robert R. Glauber, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, National Association of Securities Dealers, Inc witness wit Hearing Witness Joel Seligman, Dean and Ethan A.H. Shepley University Professor, Washington University School of Law in St. Louis; Public Member, American Institute of Certified Public Accountants Professional Ethics Executive Committee witness wit Hearing Witness John C. Coffee, Jr., Adolf A. Berle Professor of Law, Columbia University School of Law witness wit Hearing Witness Shaun F. O'Malley, Chairman, 2000 Public Oversight Board Panel on Audit Effectiveness (O'Malley Commission); Former Chairman, Price Waterhouse; Past President, Financial Accounting Foundation witness wit Hearing Witness Lee J. Seidler, Deputy Chairman of the 1978 AICPA Commission on Auditors' Responsibilities; Managing Director Emeritus, Bear Stearns witness wit Hearing Witness Arthur R. Wyatt, CPA, Former Chairman, American Institute of Certified Public Accountants' Accounting Standards Executive Committee; Former Chairman, International Accounting Standards Committee; Former Partner, Arthur Andersen & Co.; Professor of Accountancy Emeritus, University of Illinois witness wit Hearing Witness Abraham J. Briloff, Emanuel Saxe Distinguished Professor Emeritus, Bernard M. Baruch College, CUNY witness wit Hearing Witness Bevis Longstreth, Member of the O'Malley Commission; Former Commissioner of the Securities & Exchange Commission, 1981- 1984; Retired Partner, Debevoise & Plimpton witness wit Hearing Witness James G. Castellano, CPA, Chairman, Board of Directors, American Institute of Certified Public Accountants (AICPA); Managing Partner, Rubin, Brown, Gornstein & Company, LLP witness wit Hearing Witness James E. Copeland, Jr., CPA, Chief Executive Officer, Deloitte & Touche, LLP witness wit Hearing Witness William E. Balhoff, CPA, CFE, Chairman, Executive Committee, AICPA Public Company Practice Section; Senior Audit Director, Postlethwaite & Netterville, A.P.A.C witness wit Hearing Witness Olivia F. Kirtley, CPA, Former Chairman, Board of Directors, AICPA (1998-1999); Retired Vice President and CFO, Vermont American Corporation witness wit Hearing Witness James S. Gerson, CPA, Chairman, Auditing Standards Board, AICPA; Partner, PricewaterhouseCoopers, LLP witness wit Hearing Witness Robert E. Litan, Vice President and Director, Economic Studies Program, The Brookings Institution witness wit Hearing Witness Peter J. Wallison, Resident Fellow and Co-Director, Project on Financial Market Deregulation, American Enterprise Institute witness wit Hearing Witness Charles A. Bowsher, Chairman, Public Oversight Board; Former Comptroller General of the United States; accompanied by: Alan B. Levenson, Counsel to the Public Oversight Board witness wit Hearing Witness Aulana L. Peters, Member, Public Oversight Board; Former Commissioner, U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission; Retired Partner, Gibson, Dunn & Crutcher witness wit Hearing Witness John C. Whitehead, Former Co-Chairman, Goldman Sachs & Co.; Former Deputy Secretary of State witness wit Hearing Witness L. William Seidman, Former Chairman, Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation; Former Chairman, Resolution Trust Corporation witness wit Hearing Witness Michael Mayo, Managing Director, Prudential Securities, Inc witness wit Hearing Witness Senator Howard M. Metzenbaum (Ret.), Chairman, Consumer Federation of America witness wit Hearing Witness Sarah Teslik, Executive Director, Council of Institutional Investors witness wit Hearing Witness Thomas A. Bowman, CFA, President and Chief Executive Officer, Association for Investment Management and Research witness wit Hearing Witness Damon A. Silvers, Associate General Counsel, American Federation of Labor and Congress of Industrial Organizations witness wit Hearing Witness Harvey L. Pitt, Chairman, U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission witness wit Hearing Witness H.R. 1088 107 BODY S. 1895 107 BODY S. 2010 107 BODY S. 2673 107 BODY H.R. 3763 107 BODY H.R. 5118 107 BODY Public Law 107-204 Public Law No 107-204 Title 17 Part 229.303(a) 17 CFR Part 229.303(a) Volume 4 https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/CHRG-107shrg87708/CHRG-107shrg87708-volIV f:87708V4.done.txt https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/CHRG-107shrg87708/CHRG-107shrg87708-volIV https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/CHRG-107shrg87708/pdf/CHRG-107shrg87708-volIV.pdf https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/CHRG-107shrg87708/html/CHRG-107shrg87708-volIV.htm S. Hrg. 107-948,Volume 4 ACCOUNTING REFORM AND INVESTOR PROTECTION OTHERPART CHRG-107shrg87708-volIV Volume 4 4 true Arthur Levitt, Chairman, U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, 1993 to 2000 Richard C. Breeden, Chairman, U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, 1989 to 1993 David S. Ruder, Chairman, U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, 1987 to 1989 Harold M. Williams, Chairman, U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, 1977 to 1981 Roderick M. Hills, Chairman, U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, 1975 to 1977 Paul A. Volcker, Chairman, International Accounting Standards Committee Foundation; Chairman, Arthur Andersen's Independent Oversight Board; Former Chairman, Federal Reserve System Sir David Tweedie, Chairman, International Accounting Standards Board; Former Chairman, United Kingdom's Accounting Standards Board Walter P. Schuetze, Chief Accountant, U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, 1992 to 1995 Michael H. Sutton, Chief Accountant, U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, 1995 to 1998 Lynn E. Turner, Chief Accountant, U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, 1998 to 2001 Dennis R. Beresford, Former Chairman, Financial Accounting Standards Board, 1987 to 1997 John H. Biggs, Chairman, President, and CEO, Teachers Insurance and Annuity Association-College Retirement Equities Fund (TIAA- CREF) Ira M. Millstein, Co-Chairman of the Blue Ribbon Committee on Improving the Effectiveness of Corporate Audit Committees; Senior Partner, Weil, Gotshal & Manges, LLP David M. Walker, Comptroller General of the United States, U.S. General Accounting Office; accompanied by: Thomas McCool, Managing Director, Financial Markets and Community Investment; and Robert Gramling, Former Director, Corporate Financial Audits Robert R. Glauber, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, National Association of Securities Dealers, Inc Joel Seligman, Dean and Ethan A.H. Shepley University Professor, Washington University School of Law in St. Louis; Public Member, American Institute of Certified Public Accountants Professional Ethics Executive Committee John C. Coffee, Jr., Adolf A. Berle Professor of Law, Columbia University School of Law Shaun F. O'Malley, Chairman, 2000 Public Oversight Board Panel on Audit Effectiveness (O'Malley Commission); Former Chairman, Price Waterhouse; Past President, Financial Accounting Foundation Lee J. Seidler, Deputy Chairman of the 1978 AICPA Commission on Auditors' Responsibilities; Managing Director Emeritus, Bear Stearns Arthur R. Wyatt, CPA, Former Chairman, American Institute of Certified Public Accountants' Accounting Standards Executive Committee; Former Chairman, International Accounting Standards Committee; Former Partner, Arthur Andersen & Co.; Professor of Accountancy Emeritus, University of Illinois Abraham J. Briloff, Emanuel Saxe Distinguished Professor Emeritus, Bernard M. Baruch College, CUNY Bevis Longstreth, Member of the O'Malley Commission; Former Commissioner of the Securities & Exchange Commission, 1981- 1984; Retired Partner, Debevoise & Plimpton James G. Castellano, CPA, Chairman, Board of Directors, American Institute of Certified Public Accountants (AICPA); Managing Partner, Rubin, Brown, Gornstein & Company, LLP James E. Copeland, Jr., CPA, Chief Executive Officer, Deloitte & Touche, LLP William E. Balhoff, CPA, CFE, Chairman, Executive Committee, AICPA Public Company Practice Section; Senior Audit Director, Postlethwaite & Netterville, A.P.A.C Olivia F. Kirtley, CPA, Former Chairman, Board of Directors, AICPA (1998-1999); Retired Vice President and CFO, Vermont American Corporation James S. Gerson, CPA, Chairman, Auditing Standards Board, AICPA; Partner, PricewaterhouseCoopers, LLP Robert E. Litan, Vice President and Director, Economic Studies Program, The Brookings Institution Peter J. Wallison, Resident Fellow and Co-Director, Project on Financial Market Deregulation, American Enterprise Institute Charles A. Bowsher, Chairman, Public Oversight Board; Former Comptroller General of the United States; accompanied by: Alan B. Levenson, Counsel to the Public Oversight Board Aulana L. Peters, Member, Public Oversight Board; Former Commissioner, U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission; Retired Partner, Gibson, Dunn & Crutcher John C. Whitehead, Former Co-Chairman, Goldman Sachs & Co.; Former Deputy Secretary of State L. William Seidman, Former Chairman, Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation; Former Chairman, Resolution Trust Corporation Michael Mayo, Managing Director, Prudential Securities, Inc Senator Howard M. Metzenbaum (Ret.), Chairman, Consumer Federation of America Sarah Teslik, Executive Director, Council of Institutional Investors Thomas A. Bowman, CFA, President and Chief Executive Officer, Association for Investment Management and Research Damon A. Silvers, Associate General Counsel, American Federation of Labor and Congress of Industrial Organizations Harvey L. Pitt, Chairman, U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission false 87-708 Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs DANIEL K. AKAKA of Hawaii Daniel K. Akaka Akaka, Daniel K. Daniel Kohikina Akaka WAYNE ALLARD of Colorado Wayne Allard Allard, Wayne A. Wayne Allard ROBERT F. BENNETT of Utah Robert F. Bennett Bennett, Robert F. Robert Bennett JIM BUNNING of Kentucky Jim Bunning Bunning, Jim EVAN BAYH of Indiana Evan Bayh Bayh, Evan THOMAS R. CARPER of Delaware Thomas R. Carper Carper, Thomas R. Mr. Thomas Carper MIKE CRAPO of Idaho Mike Crapo Crapo, Mike JON S. CORZINE of New Jersey Jon S. Corzine Corzine, Jon S. Jon Corzine CHRISTOPHER J. DODD of Connecticut Christopher J. Dodd Dodd, Christopher J. Christopher John Dodd JOHN ENSIGN of Nevada John Ensign Ensign, John MICHAEL B. ENZI of Wyoming Michael B. Enzi Enzi, Michael B. Michael Enzi PHIL GRAMM of Texas Phil Gramm Gramm, Phil William Philip Gramm CHUCK HAGEL of Nebraska Chuck Hagel Hagel, Chuck TIM JOHNSON of South Dakota Tim Johnson Johnson, Tim ZELL MILLER of Georgia Zell Miller Miller, Zell JACK REED of Rhode Island Jack Reed Reed, Jack Mr. John Reed RICK SANTORUM of Pennsylvania Rick Santorum Santorum, Rick PAUL S. SARBANES of Maryland Paul S. Sarbanes Sarbanes, Paul S. Paul Spyros Sarbanes CHARLES E. SCHUMER of New York Charles E. Schumer Schumer, Charles E. Mr. Charles Schumer RICHARD C. SHELBY of Alabama Richard C. Shelby Shelby, Richard C. Mr. Richard Shelby DEBBIE STABENOW of Michigan Debbie Stabenow Stabenow, Debbie false false United States Congress Senate Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs associated name asn Government Organization Daniel K. Akaka United States Senate committee member United States Congressional Member Wayne Allard United States Senate committee member United States Congressional Member Robert F. Bennett United States Senate committee member United States Congressional Member Jim Bunning United States Senate committee member United States Congressional Member Evan Bayh United States Senate committee member United States Congressional Member Thomas R. Carper United States Senate committee member United States Congressional Member Mike Crapo United States Senate committee member United States Congressional Member Jon S. Corzine United States Senate committee member United States Congressional Member Christopher J. Dodd United States Senate committee member United States Congressional Member John Ensign United States Senate committee member United States Congressional Member Michael B. Enzi United States Senate committee member United States Congressional Member Phil Gramm United States Senate committee member United States Congressional Member Chuck Hagel United States Senate committee member United States Congressional Member Tim Johnson United States Senate committee member United States Congressional Member Zell Miller United States Senate committee member United States Congressional Member Jack Reed United States Senate committee member United States Congressional Member Rick Santorum United States Senate committee member United States Congressional Member Paul S. Sarbanes United States Senate committee member United States Congressional Member Charles E. Schumer United States Senate committee member United States Congressional Member Richard C. Shelby United States Senate committee member United States Congressional Member Debbie Stabenow United States Senate committee member United States Congressional Member Arthur Levitt, Chairman, U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, 1993 to 2000 witness wit Hearing Witness Richard C. Breeden, Chairman, U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, 1989 to 1993 witness wit Hearing Witness David S. Ruder, Chairman, U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, 1987 to 1989 witness wit Hearing Witness Harold M. Williams, Chairman, U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, 1977 to 1981 witness wit Hearing Witness Roderick M. Hills, Chairman, U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, 1975 to 1977 witness wit Hearing Witness Paul A. Volcker, Chairman, International Accounting Standards Committee Foundation; Chairman, Arthur Andersen's Independent Oversight Board; Former Chairman, Federal Reserve System witness wit Hearing Witness Sir David Tweedie, Chairman, International Accounting Standards Board; Former Chairman, United Kingdom's Accounting Standards Board witness wit Hearing Witness Walter P. Schuetze, Chief Accountant, U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, 1992 to 1995 witness wit Hearing Witness Michael H. Sutton, Chief Accountant, U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, 1995 to 1998 witness wit Hearing Witness Lynn E. Turner, Chief Accountant, U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, 1998 to 2001 witness wit Hearing Witness Dennis R. Beresford, Former Chairman, Financial Accounting Standards Board, 1987 to 1997 witness wit Hearing Witness John H. Biggs, Chairman, President, and CEO, Teachers Insurance and Annuity Association-College Retirement Equities Fund (TIAA- CREF) witness wit Hearing Witness Ira M. Millstein, Co-Chairman of the Blue Ribbon Committee on Improving the Effectiveness of Corporate Audit Committees; Senior Partner, Weil, Gotshal & Manges, LLP witness wit Hearing Witness David M. Walker, Comptroller General of the United States, U.S. General Accounting Office; accompanied by: Thomas McCool, Managing Director, Financial Markets and Community Investment; and Robert Gramling, Former Director, Corporate Financial Audits witness wit Hearing Witness Robert R. Glauber, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, National Association of Securities Dealers, Inc witness wit Hearing Witness Joel Seligman, Dean and Ethan A.H. Shepley University Professor, Washington University School of Law in St. Louis; Public Member, American Institute of Certified Public Accountants Professional Ethics Executive Committee witness wit Hearing Witness John C. Coffee, Jr., Adolf A. Berle Professor of Law, Columbia University School of Law witness wit Hearing Witness Shaun F. O'Malley, Chairman, 2000 Public Oversight Board Panel on Audit Effectiveness (O'Malley Commission); Former Chairman, Price Waterhouse; Past President, Financial Accounting Foundation witness wit Hearing Witness Lee J. Seidler, Deputy Chairman of the 1978 AICPA Commission on Auditors' Responsibilities; Managing Director Emeritus, Bear Stearns witness wit Hearing Witness Arthur R. Wyatt, CPA, Former Chairman, American Institute of Certified Public Accountants' Accounting Standards Executive Committee; Former Chairman, International Accounting Standards Committee; Former Partner, Arthur Andersen & Co.; Professor of Accountancy Emeritus, University of Illinois witness wit Hearing Witness Abraham J. Briloff, Emanuel Saxe Distinguished Professor Emeritus, Bernard M. Baruch College, CUNY witness wit Hearing Witness Bevis Longstreth, Member of the O'Malley Commission; Former Commissioner of the Securities & Exchange Commission, 1981- 1984; Retired Partner, Debevoise & Plimpton witness wit Hearing Witness James G. Castellano, CPA, Chairman, Board of Directors, American Institute of Certified Public Accountants (AICPA); Managing Partner, Rubin, Brown, Gornstein & Company, LLP witness wit Hearing Witness James E. Copeland, Jr., CPA, Chief Executive Officer, Deloitte & Touche, LLP witness wit Hearing Witness William E. Balhoff, CPA, CFE, Chairman, Executive Committee, AICPA Public Company Practice Section; Senior Audit Director, Postlethwaite & Netterville, A.P.A.C witness wit Hearing Witness Olivia F. Kirtley, CPA, Former Chairman, Board of Directors, AICPA (1998-1999); Retired Vice President and CFO, Vermont American Corporation witness wit Hearing Witness James S. Gerson, CPA, Chairman, Auditing Standards Board, AICPA; Partner, PricewaterhouseCoopers, LLP witness wit Hearing Witness Robert E. Litan, Vice President and Director, Economic Studies Program, The Brookings Institution witness wit Hearing Witness Peter J. Wallison, Resident Fellow and Co-Director, Project on Financial Market Deregulation, American Enterprise Institute witness wit Hearing Witness Charles A. Bowsher, Chairman, Public Oversight Board; Former Comptroller General of the United States; accompanied by: Alan B. Levenson, Counsel to the Public Oversight Board witness wit Hearing Witness Aulana L. Peters, Member, Public Oversight Board; Former Commissioner, U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission; Retired Partner, Gibson, Dunn & Crutcher witness wit Hearing Witness John C. Whitehead, Former Co-Chairman, Goldman Sachs & Co.; Former Deputy Secretary of State witness wit Hearing Witness L. William Seidman, Former Chairman, Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation; Former Chairman, Resolution Trust Corporation witness wit Hearing Witness Michael Mayo, Managing Director, Prudential Securities, Inc witness wit Hearing Witness Senator Howard M. Metzenbaum (Ret.), Chairman, Consumer Federation of America witness wit Hearing Witness Sarah Teslik, Executive Director, Council of Institutional Investors witness wit Hearing Witness Thomas A. Bowman, CFA, President and Chief Executive Officer, Association for Investment Management and Research witness wit Hearing Witness Damon A. Silvers, Associate General Counsel, American Federation of Labor and Congress of Industrial Organizations witness wit Hearing Witness Harvey L. Pitt, Chairman, U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission witness wit Hearing Witness H.R. 1088 107 BODY S. 1895 107 BODY S. 2010 107 BODY S. 2673 107 BODY H.R. 3763 107 BODY H.R. 5118 107 BODY Public Law 107-204 Public Law No 107-204 Title 17 Part 229.303(a) 17 CFR Part 229.303(a)