[106th Congress Public Law 373]
[From the U.S. Government Printing Office]
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[DOCID: f:publ373.106]
Public Law 106-373
106th Congress
An Act
To amend the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 to revise and improve
provisions relating to famine prevention and freedom from
hunger. <<NOTE: Oct. 27, 2000 - [H. R. 4002]>>
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the
United States of America in Congress assembled, <<NOTE: Famine
Prevention and Freedom From Hunger Improvement Act of 2000.>>
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. <<NOTE: 22 USC 2151 note.>>
This Act may be cited as the ``Famine Prevention and Freedom From
Hunger Improvement Act of 2000''.
SEC. 2. GENERAL PROVISIONS.
(a) Declarations of Policy.--(1) The first sentence of section
296(a) of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2220a(a)) is
amended to read as follows: ``The Congress declares that, in order to
achieve the mutual goals among nations of ensuring food security, human
health, agricultural growth, trade expansion, and the wise and
sustainable use of natural resources, the United States should mobilize
the capacities of the United States land-grant universities, other
eligible universities, and public and private partners of universities
in the United States and other countries, consistent with sections 103
and 103A of this Act, for: (1) global research on problems affecting
food, agriculture, forestry, and fisheries; (2) improved human capacity
and institutional resource development for the global application of
agricultural and related environmental sciences; (3) agricultural
development and trade research and extension services in the United
States and other countries to support the entry of rural industries into
world markets; and (4) providing for the application of agricultural
sciences to solving food, health, nutrition, rural income, and
environmental problems, especially such problems in low-income, food
deficit countries.''.
(2) The second sentence of section 296(a) of the Foreign Assistance
Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2220a(a)) is amended--
(A) by redesignating paragraphs (1) through (7) as
subparagraphs (A) through (G), respectively;
(B) in subparagraph (A) (as redesignated), by striking ``in
this country'' and inserting ``with and through the private
sector in this country and to understanding processes of
economic development'';
(C) in subparagraph (B) (as redesignated), to read as
follows:
``(B) that land-grant and other universities in the United
States have demonstrated over many years their ability to
cooperate with international agencies, educational and research
institutions in other countries, the private sector, and
nongovernmental organizations worldwide, in expanding global
agricultural production, processing, business and trade, to the
benefit of aid recipient countries and of the United States;'';
(D) in subparagraph (C) (as redesignated), to read as
follows:
``(C) that, in a world of growing populations with rising
expectations, increased food production and improved
distribution, storage, and marketing in the developing countries
is necessary not only to prevent hunger and ensure human health
and child survival, but to build the basis for economic growth
and trade, and the social security in which democracy and a
market economy can thrive, and moreover, that the greatest
potential for increasing world food supplies and incomes to
purchase food is in the developing countries where the gap
between food need and food supply is the greatest and current
incomes are lowest;'';
(E) by striking subparagraphs (E) and (G) (as redesignated);
(F) by striking ``and'' at the end of subparagraph (F) (as
redesignated);
(G) by redesignating subparagraph (F) as subparagraph (G);
and
(H) by inserting after subparagraph (D) the following:
``(E) that, with expanding global markets and increasing
imports into many countries, including the United States, food
safety and quality, as well as secure supply, have emerged as
mutual concerns of all countries;
``(F) that research, teaching, and extension activities, and
appropriate institutional and policy development therefore are
prime factors in improving agricultural production, food
distribution, processing, storage, and marketing abroad (as well
as in the United States);'';
(I) in subparagraph (G) (as redesignated), by striking ``in
the United States'' and inserting ``and the broader economy of
the United States''; and
(J) by adding at the end the following:
``(H) that there is a need to responsibly manage the world's
agricultural and natural resources for sustained productivity,
health and resilience to climate variability; and
``(I) that universities and public and private partners of
universities need a dependable source of funding in order to
increase the impact of their own investments and those of their
State governments and constituencies, in order to continue and
expand their efforts to advance agricultural development in
cooperating countries, to translate development into economic
growth and trade for the United States and cooperating
countries, and to prepare future teachers, researchers,
extension specialists, entrepreneurs, managers, and
decisionmakers for the world economy.''.
(b) Additional Declarations of Policy.--Section 296(b) of the
Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2220a(b)) is amended to read
as follows:
``(b) Accordingly, the Congress declares that, in order to prevent
famine and establish freedom from hunger, the following components must
be brought together in a coordinated program to increase world food and
fiber production, agricultural trade, and responsible management of
natural resources, including--
``(1) continued efforts by the international agricultural
research centers and other international research entities to
provide a global network, including United States universities,
for international scientific collaboration on crops, livestock,
forests, fisheries, farming resources, and food systems of
worldwide importance;
``(2) contract research and the implementation of
collaborative research support programs and other research
collaboration led by United States universities, and involving
research systems in other countries focused on crops, livestock,
forests, fisheries, farming resources, and food systems, with
benefits to the United States and partner countries;
``(3) broadly disseminating the benefits of global
agricultural research and development including increased
benefits for United States agriculturally related industries
through establishment of development and trade information and
service centers, for rural as well as urban communities, through
extension, cooperatively with, and supportive of, existing
public and private trade and development related organizations;
``(4) facilitation of participation by universities and
public and private partners of universities in programs of
multilateral banks and agencies which receive United States
funds;
``(5) expanding learning opportunities about global
agriculture for students, teachers, community leaders,
entrepreneurs, and the general public through international
internships and exchanges, graduate assistantships, faculty
positions, and other means of education and extension through
long-term recurring Federal funds matched by State funds; and
``(6) competitive grants through universities to United
States agriculturalists and public and private partners of
universities from other countries for research, institution and
policy development, extension, training, and other programs for
global agricultural development, trade, and responsible
management of natural resources.''.
(c) Sense of the Congress.--Section 296(c) of the Foreign Assistance
Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2220a(c)) is amended--
(1) in paragraph (1), by striking ``each component'' and
inserting ``each of the program components described in
paragraphs (1) through (6) of subsection (b)'';
(2) in paragraph (2)--
(A) by inserting ``and public and private partners
of universities'' after ``for the universities''; and
(B) by striking ``and'' at the end;
(3) in paragraph (3)--
(A) by inserting ``and public and private partners
of universities'' after ``such universities'';
(B) in subparagraph (A), by striking ``, and'' and
inserting a semicolon;
(C) in subparagraph (B), by striking the comma at
the end and inserting a semicolon;
(D) by striking the matter following subparagraph
(B); and
(E) by adding at the end the following:
``(C) multilateral banks and agencies receiving
United States funds;
``(D) development agencies of other countries; and
``(E) United States Government foreign assistance
and economic cooperation programs;''; and
(4) by adding at the end the following:
``(4) generally engage the United States university
community more extensively in the agricultural research, trade,
and development initiatives undertaken outside the United
States, with the objectives of strengthening its capacity to
carry out research, teaching, and extension activities for
solving problems in food production, processing, marketing, and
consumption in agriculturally developing nations, and for
transforming progress in global agricultural research and
development into economic growth, trade, and trade benefits for
aid recipient countries and United States communities and
industries, and for the wise use of natural resources; and
``(5) ensure that all federally funded support to
universities and public and private partners of universities
relating to the goals of this title is periodically reviewed for
its performance.''.
(d) Definition of Universities.--Section 296(d) of the Foreign
Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2220a(d)) is amended--
(1) by inserting after ``sea-grant colleges;'' the
following: ``Native American land-grant colleges as authorized
under the Equity in Educational Land-Grant Status Act of 1994 (7
U.S.C. 301 note);''; and
(2) in paragraph (1), by striking ``extension'' and
inserting ``extension (including outreach)''.
(e) Definition of Administrator.--Section 296(e) of the Foreign
Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2220a(e)) is amended by inserting
``United States'' before ``Agency''.
(f ) Definition of Public and Private Partners of Universities.--
Section 296 of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2220a) is
amended by adding at the end the following:
``(f ) As used in this title, the term `public and private partners
of universities' includes entities that have cooperative or contractual
agreements with universities, which may include formal or informal
associations of universities, other education institutions, United
States Government and State agencies, private voluntary organizations,
nongovernmental organizations, firms operated for profit, nonprofit
organizations, multinational banks, and, as designated by the
Administrator, any organization, institution, or agency incorporated in
other countries.''.
(g) Definition of Agriculture.--Section 296 of the Foreign
Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2220a) is amended by adding at the end
the following:
``(g) As used in this title, the term `agriculture' includes the
science and practice of activity related to food, feed, and fiber
production, processing, marketing, distribution, utilization, and trade,
and also includes family and consumer sciences, nutrition, food science
and engineering, agricultural economics and other social sciences,
forestry, wildlife, fisheries, aquaculture, floraculture, veterinary
medicine, and other environmental and natural resources sciences.''.
(h) Definition of Agriculturists.--Section 296 of the Foreign
Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2220a) is amended by adding at the end
the following:
``(h) As used in this title, the term `agriculturists' includes
farmers, herders, and livestock producers, individuals who fish and
others employed in cultivating and harvesting food resources from salt
and fresh waters, individuals who cultivate trees and shrubs and harvest
nontimber forest products, as well as the processors, managers,
teachers, extension specialists, researchers, policymakers, and others
who are engaged in the food, feed, and fiber system and its
relationships to natural resources.''.
SEC. 3. GENERAL AUTHORITY.
(a) Authorization of Assistance.--Section 297(a) of the Foreign
Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2220b(a)) is amended--
(1) in paragraph (1), to read as follows:
``(1) to implement program components through United States
universities as authorized by paragraphs (2) through (5) of this
subsection;'';
(2) in paragraph (3), to read as follows:
``(3) to provide long-term program support for United States
university global agricultural and related environmental
collaborative research and learning opportunities for students,
teachers, extension specialists, researchers, and the general
public;''; and
(3) in paragraph (4)--
(A) by inserting ``United States'' before
``universities'';
(B) by inserting ``agricultural'' before ``research
centers''; and
(C) by striking ``and the institutions of
agriculturally developing nations'' and inserting
``multilateral banks, the institutions of agriculturally
developing nations, and United States and foreign
nongovernmental organizations supporting extension and
other productivity-enhancing programs''.
(b) Requirements.--Section 297(b) of the Foreign Assistance Act of
1961 (22 U.S.C. 2220b(b)) is amended--
(1) in paragraph (1)--
(A) in the matter preceding subparagraph (A), by
striking ``universities'' and inserting ``United States
universities with public and private partners of
universities''; and
(B) in subparagraph (C)--
(i) by inserting ``, environment,'' before
``and related''; and
(ii) by striking ``farmers and farm families''
and inserting ``agriculturalists'';
(2) in paragraph (2), by inserting ``, including resources
of the private sector,'' after ``Federal or State resources'';
and
(3) in paragraph (3), by striking ``and the United States
Department of Agriculture'' and all that follows and inserting
``, the Department of Agriculture, State agricultural agencies,
the Department of Commerce, the Department of the Interior, the
Environmental Protection Agency, the Office of the United States
Trade Representative, the Food and Drug Administration, other
appropriate Federal agencies, and appropriate nongovernmental
and business organizations.''.
(c) Further Requirements.--Section 297(c) of the Foreign Assistance
Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2220b(c)) is amended--
(1) in paragraph (2), to read as follows:
``(2) focus primarily on the needs of agricultural
producers, rural families, processors, traders, consumers, and
natural resources managers;''; and
(2) in paragraph (4), to read as follows:
``(4) be carried out within the developing countries and
transition countries comprising newly emerging democracies and
newly liberalized economies; and''.
(d) Special Programs.--Section 297 of the Foreign Assistance Act of
1961 (22 U.S.C. 2220b) is amended by adding at the end the following new
subsection:
``(e) The Administrator shall establish and carry out special
programs under this title as part of ongoing programs for child
survival, democratization, development of free enterprise, environmental
and natural resource management, and other related programs.''.
SEC. 4. BOARD FOR INTERNATIONAL FOOD AND AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT.
(a) Establishment.--Section 298(a) of the Foreign Assistance Act of
1961 (22 U.S.C. 2220c(a)) is amended in the third sentence, by inserting
at the end before the period the following: ``on a case-by-case basis''.
(b) General Areas of Responsibility of the Board.--Section 298(b) of
the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2220c(b)) is amended to
read as follows:
``(b) The Board's general areas of responsibility shall include
participating in the planning, development, and implementation of,
initiating recommendations for, and monitoring, the activities described
in section 297 of this title.''.
(c) Duties of the Board.--Section 298(c) of the Foreign Assistance
Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2220c(c)) is amended--
(1) in paragraph (2)--
(A) in subparagraph (A), by striking ``increase food
production'' and all that follows and inserting the
following: ``improve agricultural production, trade, and
natural resource management in developing countries, and
with private organizations seeking to increase
agricultural production and trade, natural resources
management, and household food security in developing
and transition countries;''; and
(B) in subparagraph (B), by inserting before
``sciences'' the following: ``, environmental, and
related social'';
(2) in paragraph (4), after ``Administrator and
universities'' insert ``and their partners'';
(3) in paragraph (5), after ``universities'' insert ``and
public and private partners of universities'';
(4) in paragraph (6), by striking ``and'' at the end;
(5) in paragraph (7), by striking ``in the developing
nations.'' and inserting ``and natural resource issues in the
developing nations, assuring efficiency in use of Federal
resources, including in accordance with the Governmental
Performance and Results Act of 1993 (Public Law 103-62; 107
Stat. 285), and the amendments made by that Act;''; and
(6) by adding at the end the following:
``(8) developing information exchanges and consulting
regularly with nongovernmental organizations, consumer groups,
producers, agribusinesses and associations, agricultural
cooperatives and commodity groups, State departments of
agriculture, State agricultural research and extension agencies,
and academic institutions;
``(9) investigating and resolving issues concerning
implementation of this title as requested by universities; and
``(10) advising the Administrator on any and all issues as
requested.''.
(d) Subordinate Units.--Section 298(d) of the Foreign Assistance Act
of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2220c(d)) is amended--
(1) in paragraph (1)--
(A) by striking ``Research'' and insert ``Policy'';
(B) by striking ``administration'' and inserting
``design''; and
(C) by striking ``section 297(a)(3) of this title''
and inserting ``section 297''; and
(2) in paragraph (2)--
(A) by striking ``Joint Committee on Country
Programs'' and inserting ``Joint Operations Committee'';
and
(B) by striking ``which shall assist'' and all that
follows and inserting ``which shall assist in and advise
on the mechanisms and processes for implementation of
activities described in section 297.''.
SEC. 5. ANNUAL REPORT.
Section 300 of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2220e)
is amended by striking ``April 1'' and inserting ``September 1''.
Approved October 27, 2000.
LEGISLATIVE HISTORY--H.R. 4002:
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CONGRESSIONAL RECORD, Vol. 146 (2000):
July 24, considered and passed House.
Oct. 4, considered and passed Senate, amended.
Oct. 12, House concurred in Senate amendment.
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