[Weekly Compilation of Presidential Documents Volume 44, Number 19 (Monday, May 19, 2008)]
[Pages 693-695]
[Online from the Government Publishing Office, www.gpo.gov]

<R04>
Interview With Mona Shazli of Egypt's Dream TV

May 12, 2008

    Ms. Shazli. Mr. President, it's not an easy thing to interview the 
President of the most powerful state on--in the world. However, what is 
more difficult is to size down your questions to fit in the minutes.
    The President. In the timeframe. [Laughter]

Egypt-U.S. Relations

    Ms. Shazli. Yes. My first question is, people in Egypt, sometimes 
they get confused. On one hand, they hear the U.S. statements, speeches 
that stress on the long-lasting relationships with Egypt, the strategic 
importance of Egypt to the U.S. and to the Middle East, Egypt as the 
major player in the peace process. On the other hand, they could see 
indications that contradicts with this: U.S. depending on other parties 
in the region, your snatching visit to Sharm el-Sheikh last January, the 
partial cutting of the U.S. aid. How would you comment on that?
    The President. Yes. I would comment this: That from my perspective, 
the Egyptian-U.S. relationship is a very important part of our Middle 
Eastern foreign policy, for these reasons: One, Egypt has got a proud 
history and a great tradition, and a lot of people look to Egypt for 
help.
    Now, the United States can't solve a lot of problems on our own. Has 
to have allies be a part of it. And so on the Palestinian issue, for 
example, Egypt can be very constructive and has been constructive and 
helpful. Egypt has got a society that honors diversity and gives people 
a chance to realize their talents, like you. I mean, you're a very 
smart, capable professional woman who has showed the rest of the Middle 
East what's possible in the Middle East. And Egypt has been on the 
forefront of modernization. Egypt is a--strategically located.
    And so our relationship is strong and good. We've had our 
differences--on elections, for

[[Page 694]]

example. But nevertheless, to answer your question, I would say the 
relationship is very solid and very important.

Democracy in Egypt

    Ms. Shazli. Then how would you perceive the state of democracy in 
Egypt?
    The President. I would say, fits and starts; good news and bad news. 
In other words, there's been some moments where it looked like Egypt was 
going to continue to lead the Middle East on the democracy movement, and 
there's been some setbacks. But I guess that just reflects the nature of 
the administration and their--on the one hand, their desire for 
democracy; on the other hand, their concerns about different movements. 
My view is, is that democracy is a powerful engine for reform and change 
and leads to peace.
    Ms. Shazli. But the public opinion--sometimes they perceive the U.S. 
criticism to the development of democracy in Egypt as an unacceptable 
intervention in the internal affairs.
    The President. Yes, I can understand that. Look, nobody wants the 
big, influential guy to come from the outside and tell them what to do. 
I'm sensitive to that. On the other hand, I do believe it's important 
for a leader in a country to adhere to certain values, universal values. 
I think the idea of giving people a chance to vote and a chance to 
participate freely in society is a universal value. And so it's--I try 
to balance, on the one hand, my beliefs, and on the other hand, a 
friendship with the Government and friendship with President Mubarak.

Middle East Peace Process

    Ms. Shazli. It's a matter of hours, and you will be in Tel Aviv 
celebrating the 60th anniversary of the establishment of the State of 
Israel. This celebration might be perceived by Palestinians and Arabs 
like--it is criticized, because it's ignoring the flip side, which is 
the 60 years of agony, pain, and struggle in the area, in the region. 
What would you tell Palestinians and Arab concerning this?
    The President. Well, I am going to talk to the Palestinians face to 
face when I come to Sharm el-Sheikh. And I will say that there's been 60 
years of struggling on both sides, and it's time that the struggle has 
got to end. And now for--is the time for the development of a 
Palestinian state that has got defined borders, that doesn't look like 
Swiss cheese; in other words, it's contiguous territory, where the 
refugee issue is dealt with. And that's what my message is, is that I'm 
going to--I fully recognize the agony and pain that have been lived by 
everybody in the region, and that here's one way forward. And it's a--
and we will continue to work, and hopefully by the end of my Presidency, 
we'll get the definition of a state. And so I'll talk to President 
Mubarak about how we can work together.

Palestinian State

    Ms. Shazli. Is this--some people would consider this as getting the 
ceiling lower and lower. Before, you said this--your administration will 
witness the condition of the Palestinian state. Now we are talking about 
only the definition of the state.
    The President. No, no, it's always been the definition, cause I 
always said that the state won't come into being until certain 
obligations are met through the roadmap. And so the whole purpose was to 
define--it's a semantical difference, but I really haven't changed my 
position.

Middle East Peace Process

    Ms. Shazli. Former President Jimmy Carter was in Cairo weeks ago, 
and he was really trying to tell how he was seeing things. He said with 
a simple comparison between the victims from the Israeli side and the 
Palestinian side, you can see who is suffering more.
    The President. Yes. Well, everybody has got their opinions. I just 
happen to believe that I'm in a position to help move the definition of 
a state, which will help solve the problem in the long run. I'm the 
first President ever to have articulated a two-state solution, two 
states living side by side in peace. And my only thing I want to tell 
your listeners is that I'm going to drive hard, along with Secretary 
Rice and other people in my administration, to see if we can't get the 
Palestinians and Israelis to agree on what that state will look like.

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War on Terror

    Ms. Shazli. Mr. President, do you still believe that who's not with 
us is against us?
    The President. Yes. Yes, in the war on terror, I do. Yes. When you 
kill innocent people to achieve political objectives, I think they're 
against civilized people. We've witnessed this kind of ideological----
    Ms. Shazli. But minutes ago, you said we have differences. We have--
--
    The President. Of course we have differences.
    Ms. Shazli. ----it's normal to have differences.
    The President. It is, but killing people to achieve political 
objectives is--it's one thing to have differences of opinion; it's 
another thing to have differences of action. And my comments about 
that--what--the line you just quoted was in the context of dealing with 
these extremists, like Al Qaida or Hamas, who just murder innocent 
people. And, yes, I still feel very strongly about that. Most people 
don't believe in using murder as a political tool. Most people want to 
live in peace, and so do I.

President's Image Abroad

    Ms. Shazli. I have only just a chance for one question.
    The President. Sure.
    Ms. Shazli. You will be in the region very soon--Israel, Saudi 
Arabia and then Egypt. The question is, maybe there are 250 million 
Arabs who think that President Bush has added to their sufferings and 
problems during his administration. How would you adjudicate this?
    The President. I would just ask them to wait for history to answer 
the question. There's an advent of a young democracy in Iraq. Ask those 
people what it's like to live under a freer society, rather than the 
thumb of a tyrant or a dictator; or the people that we're trying to help 
in Lebanon by getting the Syrians out through a U.N. Security Council 
resolution; or the Palestinians who--for whom I've articulated a state.
    In other words, I understand people's opinions. All I ask is that 
when history is finally recorded, judge whether or not I've been a 
contributor to peace or not.

President's Legacy

    Ms. Shazli. Do you think history will be in your side?
    The President. I think history will say, George Bush clearly saw the 
threats that keep the Middle East in turmoil and was willing to do 
something about it, was willing to lead, and had this great faith in the 
capacity of democracies and the great faith in the capacity of people to 
decide the fate of their countries; and that the democracy movement 
gained impetus and gained movement in the Middle East. Yes, I think 
people will say, ``Well, he had a difficult set of circumstances to deal 
with, and he dealt with them with a sense of idealism.''
    Ms. Shazli. Mr. President, thank you for this interview.
    The President. Yes, thanks for coming.

Note: The interview was taped at 11:42 a.m. in the Map Room at the White 
House for later broadcast. In his remarks, the President referred to 
President Mohamed Hosni Mubarak of Egypt. The transcript was released by 
the Office of the Press Secretary on May 13.