[Weekly Compilation of Presidential Documents Volume 43, Number 31 (Monday, August 6, 2007)]
[Pages 1035-1037]
[Online from the Government Publishing Office, www.gpo.gov]

<R04>
Executive Order 13441--Blocking Property of Persons Undermining the 
Sovereignty of Lebanon or Its Democratic Processes and Institutions

August 1, 2007

    By the authority vested in me as President by the Constitution and 
the laws of the United States of America, including the International 
Emergency Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1701 et seq.) (IEEPA), the 
National Emergencies Act (50 U.S.C. 1601 et seq.) (NEA), and section 301 
of title 3, United States Code,
    I, George W. Bush, President of the United States of America, 
determine that the actions of certain persons to undermine Lebanon's 
legitimate and democratically elected government or democratic 
institutions, to contribute to the deliberate breakdown in the rule of 
law in Lebanon, including through politically motivated violence and 
intimidation, to reassert Syrian control or contribute to Syrian 
interference in Lebanon, or to infringe upon or undermine Lebanese 
sovereignty contribute to political and economic instability in that 
country and the region and constitute an unusual and extraordinary 
threat to the national security and foreign policy of the United States, 
and I hereby declare a national emergency to deal with that threat. I 
hereby order:
    Section 1. (a) Except to the extent provided in section 203(b)(1), 
(3), and (4) of IEEPA (50 U.S.C. 1702(b)(1), (3), and (4)),

[[Page 1036]]

or in regulations, orders, directives, or licenses that may be issued 
pursuant to this order, and notwithstanding any contract entered into or 
any license or permit granted prior to the date of this order, all 
property and interests in property that are in the United States, that 
hereafter come within the United States, or that are or hereafter come 
within the possession or control of any United States person, including 
any overseas branch, of the following persons are blocked and may not be 
transferred, paid, exported, withdrawn, or otherwise dealt in:
    (i) any person determined by the Secretary of the Treasury, in 
consultation with the Secretary of State:
(A)         to have taken, or to pose a significant risk of taking, 
            actions, including acts of violence, that have the purpose 
            or effect of undermining Lebanon's democratic processes or 
            institutions, contributing to the breakdown of the rule of 
            law in Lebanon, supporting the reassertion of Syrian control 
            or otherwise contributing to Syrian interference in Lebanon, 
            or infringing upon or undermining Lebanese sovereignty;
(B)         to have materially assisted, sponsored, or provided 
            financial, material, or technological support for, or goods 
            or services in support of, such actions, including acts of 
            violence, or any person whose property and interests in 
            property are blocked pursuant to this order;
(C)          to be a spouse or dependent child of any person whose 
            property and interests in property are blocked pursuant to 
            this order; or
(D)          to be owned or controlled by, or acting or purporting to 
            act for or on behalf of, directly or indirectly, any person 
            whose property and interests in property are blocked 
            pursuant to this order.
    (b) I hereby determine that the making of donations of the type of 
articles specified in section 203(b)(2) of IEEPA (50 U.S.C. 1702(b)(2)) 
by, to, or for the benefit of any person whose property and interests in 
property are blocked pursuant to paragraph (a) of this section would 
seriously impair my ability to deal with the national emergency declared 
in this order, and I hereby prohibit such donations as provided by 
paragraph (a) of this section.
    (c) The prohibitions in paragraph (a) of this section include but 
are not limited to (i) the making of any contribution or provision of 
funds, goods, or services by, to, or for the benefit of any person whose 
property and interests in property are blocked pursuant to this order, 
and (ii) the receipt of any contribution or provision of funds, goods, 
or services from any such person.
    Sec. 2. (a) Any transaction by a United States person or within the 
United States that evades or avoids, has the purpose of evading or 
avoiding, or attempts to violate any of the prohibitions set forth in 
this order is prohibited.
    (b) Any conspiracy formed to violate any of the prohibitions set 
forth in this order is prohibited.
    Sec. 3. For the purposes of this order:
    (a) the term ``person'' means an individual or entity;
    (b) the term ``entity'' means a partnership, association, trust, 
joint venture, corporation, group, subgroup, or other organization; and
    (c) the term ``United States person'' means any United States 
citizen, permanent resident alien, entity organized under the laws of 
the United States or any jurisdiction within the United States 
(including foreign branches), or any person in the United States.
    Sec. 4. For those persons whose property and interests in property 
are blocked pursuant to this order who might have a constitutional 
presence in the United States, I find that, because of the ability to 
transfer funds or other assets instantaneously, prior notice to such 
persons of measures to be taken pursuant to this order would render 
these measures ineffectual. I therefore determine that, for these 
measures to be effective in addressing the national emergency declared 
in this order, there need be no prior notice of a listing or 
determination made pursuant to section 1 of this order.
    Sec. 5. The Secretary of the Treasury, in consultation with the 
Secretary of State, is

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hereby authorized to take such actions, including the promulgation of 
rules and regulations, and to employ all powers granted to the President 
by IEEPA, as may be necessary to carry out the purposes of this order. 
The Secretary of the Treasury may redelegate any of these functions to 
other officers and agencies of the United States Government, consistent 
with applicable law. All agencies of the United States Government are 
hereby directed to take all appropriate measures within their authority 
to carry out the provisions of this order and, where appropriate, to 
advise the Secretary of the Treasury in a timely manner of the measures 
taken. The Secretary of the Treasury shall ensure compliance with those 
provisions of section 401 of the NEA (50 U.S.C. 1641) applicable to the 
Department of the Treasury in relation to this order.
    Sec. 6. The Secretary of the Treasury, after consultation with the 
Secretary of State, is hereby authorized to submit the recurring and 
final reports to the Congress on the national emergency declared in this 
order, consistent with section 401(c) of the NEA (50 U.S.C. 1641(c)) and 
section 204(c) of IEEPA (50 U.S.C. 1703(c)).
    Sec. 7. This order is not intended to create, nor does it create, 
any right, benefit, or privilege, substantive or procedural, enforceable 
at law or in equity by any party against the United States, its 
departments, agencies, instrumentalities, or entities, its officers or 
employees, or any other person.
                                                George W. Bush
 The White House,
 August 1, 2007.

 [Filed with the Office of the Federal Register, 9:10 a.m., August 2, 
2007]

Note: This Executive order was released by the Office of the Press 
Secretary on August 2, and it was published in the Federal Register on 
August 3.