    [Weekly Compilation of Presidential Documents Volume 43, Number 31 (Monday, August 6, 2007)]
    [Pages 1035-1037]
    [Online from the Government Publishing Office, www.gpo.gov]

    <R04>
    Executive Order 13441--Blocking Property of Persons Undermining the
    Sovereignty of Lebanon or Its Democratic Processes and Institutions

    August 1, 2007

        By the authority vested in me as President by the Constitution and
    the laws of the United States of America, including the International
    Emergency Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1701 et seq.) (IEEPA), the
    National Emergencies Act (50 U.S.C. 1601 et seq.) (NEA), and section 301
    of title 3, United States Code,
        I, George W. Bush, President of the United States of America,
    determine that the actions of certain persons to undermine Lebanon's
    legitimate and democratically elected government or democratic
    institutions, to contribute to the deliberate breakdown in the rule of
    law in Lebanon, including through politically motivated violence and
    intimidation, to reassert Syrian control or contribute to Syrian
    interference in Lebanon, or to infringe upon or undermine Lebanese
    sovereignty contribute to political and economic instability in that
    country and the region and constitute an unusual and extraordinary
    threat to the national security and foreign policy of the United States,
    and I hereby declare a national emergency to deal with that threat. I
    hereby order:
        Section 1. (a) Except to the extent provided in section 203(b)(1),
    (3), and (4) of IEEPA (50 U.S.C. 1702(b)(1), (3), and (4)),

    [[Page 1036]]

    or in regulations, orders, directives, or licenses that may be issued
    pursuant to this order, and notwithstanding any contract entered into or
    any license or permit granted prior to the date of this order, all
    property and interests in property that are in the United States, that
    hereafter come within the United States, or that are or hereafter come
    within the possession or control of any United States person, including
    any overseas branch, of the following persons are blocked and may not be
    transferred, paid, exported, withdrawn, or otherwise dealt in:
        (i) any person determined by the Secretary of the Treasury, in
    consultation with the Secretary of State:
    (A)         to have taken, or to pose a significant risk of taking,
                actions, including acts of violence, that have the purpose
                or effect of undermining Lebanon's democratic processes or
                institutions, contributing to the breakdown of the rule of
                law in Lebanon, supporting the reassertion of Syrian control
                or otherwise contributing to Syrian interference in Lebanon,
                or infringing upon or undermining Lebanese sovereignty;
    (B)         to have materially assisted, sponsored, or provided
                financial, material, or technological support for, or goods
                or services in support of, such actions, including acts of
                violence, or any person whose property and interests in
                property are blocked pursuant to this order;
    (C)          to be a spouse or dependent child of any person whose
                property and interests in property are blocked pursuant to
                this order; or
    (D)          to be owned or controlled by, or acting or purporting to
                act for or on behalf of, directly or indirectly, any person
                whose property and interests in property are blocked
                pursuant to this order.
        (b) I hereby determine that the making of donations of the type of
    articles specified in section 203(b)(2) of IEEPA (50 U.S.C. 1702(b)(2))
    by, to, or for the benefit of any person whose property and interests in
    property are blocked pursuant to paragraph (a) of this section would
    seriously impair my ability to deal with the national emergency declared
    in this order, and I hereby prohibit such donations as provided by
    paragraph (a) of this section.
        (c) The prohibitions in paragraph (a) of this section include but
    are not limited to (i) the making of any contribution or provision of
    funds, goods, or services by, to, or for the benefit of any person whose
    property and interests in property are blocked pursuant to this order,
    and (ii) the receipt of any contribution or provision of funds, goods,
    or services from any such person.
        Sec. 2. (a) Any transaction by a United States person or within the
    United States that evades or avoids, has the purpose of evading or
    avoiding, or attempts to violate any of the prohibitions set forth in
    this order is prohibited.
        (b) Any conspiracy formed to violate any of the prohibitions set
    forth in this order is prohibited.
        Sec. 3. For the purposes of this order:
        (a) the term ``person'' means an individual or entity;
        (b) the term ``entity'' means a partnership, association, trust,
    joint venture, corporation, group, subgroup, or other organization; and
        (c) the term ``United States person'' means any United States
    citizen, permanent resident alien, entity organized under the laws of
    the United States or any jurisdiction within the United States
    (including foreign branches), or any person in the United States.
        Sec. 4. For those persons whose property and interests in property
    are blocked pursuant to this order who might have a constitutional
    presence in the United States, I find that, because of the ability to
    transfer funds or other assets instantaneously, prior notice to such
    persons of measures to be taken pursuant to this order would render
    these measures ineffectual. I therefore determine that, for these
    measures to be effective in addressing the national emergency declared
    in this order, there need be no prior notice of a listing or
    determination made pursuant to section 1 of this order.
        Sec. 5. The Secretary of the Treasury, in consultation with the
    Secretary of State, is

    [[Page 1037]]

    hereby authorized to take such actions, including the promulgation of
    rules and regulations, and to employ all powers granted to the President
    by IEEPA, as may be necessary to carry out the purposes of this order.
    The Secretary of the Treasury may redelegate any of these functions to
    other officers and agencies of the United States Government, consistent
    with applicable law. All agencies of the United States Government are
    hereby directed to take all appropriate measures within their authority
    to carry out the provisions of this order and, where appropriate, to
    advise the Secretary of the Treasury in a timely manner of the measures
    taken. The Secretary of the Treasury shall ensure compliance with those
    provisions of section 401 of the NEA (50 U.S.C. 1641) applicable to the
    Department of the Treasury in relation to this order.
        Sec. 6. The Secretary of the Treasury, after consultation with the
    Secretary of State, is hereby authorized to submit the recurring and
    final reports to the Congress on the national emergency declared in this
    order, consistent with section 401(c) of the NEA (50 U.S.C. 1641(c)) and
    section 204(c) of IEEPA (50 U.S.C. 1703(c)).
        Sec. 7. This order is not intended to create, nor does it create,
    any right, benefit, or privilege, substantive or procedural, enforceable
    at law or in equity by any party against the United States, its
    departments, agencies, instrumentalities, or entities, its officers or
    employees, or any other person.
                                                    George W. Bush
     The White House,
     August 1, 2007.

     [Filed with the Office of the Federal Register, 9:10 a.m., August 2,
    2007]

    Note: This Executive order was released by the Office of the Press
    Secretary on August 2, and it was published in the Federal Register on
    August 3.