[Weekly Compilation of Presidential Documents Volume 34, Number 44 (Monday, November 2, 1998)]
[Pages 2171-2174]
[Online from the Government Publishing Office, www.gpo.gov]

<R04>
Interview With Walter Cronkite and Miles O'Brien of the Cable News 
Network in Cape Canaveral, Florida

October 29, 1998

John Glenn's Return to Space

    Walter Cronkite. Good to see you, Mr. President.
    The President. Good morning, Walter, and good morning, Miles--or 
good afternoon. I'm delighted to be here.
    Mr. Cronkite. They say, Mr. President, that there are more visitors 
here than at any time since the Moon launchings, the Moon flights, and 
that includes the President of the United States. What's particularly 
appealing to you about this flight?
    The President. Well, of course there is the John Glenn factor. 
Senator Glenn is a very good personal friend of Hillary's and

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mine, as well as an ally, a colleague. And like all Americans, I'm 
thrilled that he is going up today. But also this really is the last 
launch before we begin to put the international space station up. So 
John Glenn began this first phase of our space program, and he's ending 
it just before we start on the space station.
    So it's very exciting. It's important for the space program. But 
it's a great day for America, a great day for our senior citizens, and I 
hope that all Americans share the exuberance that I feel today.
    Mr. Cronkite. You know, some naysayers say, Mr. President, that this 
flight of Glenn's is your reward to him for his stalwart support of you 
during his years in the Senate. Anything to that?
    The President. No. I've always wanted John to be able to go back, as 
long as I've known he's wanted to. But if I had my druthers, he'd be 
home in Ohio running for reelection right now. And he said he was too 
old to serve another term in the Senate, but he wasn't too old to go 
into space.
    And I think the American people should know that the decision to 
send him was made strictly by the book. I had no role in it. He had to 
pass the strenuous physical exams. And then for each experiment he's 
going through, he had to prove that he was qualified and able to do 
that. I think this is very important.
    One of the most important benefits that the American people derive 
from our space program is the whole rush of discoveries we get that help 
us here on Earth, environmental discoveries, health care discoveries of 
all kinds. We've got all kinds of medical scanning equipment today that 
we wouldn't have but for the space program. We've got protective 
clothing that people who are supersensitive to the Sun can wear, that we 
wouldn't have but for the space program.
    So we're going to get a lot out of John Glenn going up there today, 
and I think the country is well served by doing it. And goodness knows, 
for a lifetime of service to us in the air and on the ground, he's 
earned this chance.
    Mr. Cronkite. They say that President Kennedy grounded Glenn after 
his first flight because they didn't want to risk the death of a hero 
out there on a second flight. Would you have made that decision?
    The President. Well, I don't know. I can't say because I wasn't 
there then, and it's easy to second-guess. But I'll say this, I think 
that John Glenn going up today is a very good thing for America. We're 
going to learn a lot from it, and we're all going to, I think, be 
thrilled by it. And I'm just glad he was brave enough to do it.

Russia-U.S. Space Station

    Mr. Cronkite. You know, out there on Pad 39A, Mr. President, there 
to the right, to the south of 39B, from which this flight will take 
place, there's a shuttle scheduled to take into orbit in just a few 
months the first parts of the planned American-Russian joint 
international space station, almost a small city, permanently in space. 
Now that Russia has this desperate economic situation that endangered 
that schedule, it looks like we may have to put in a lot of money to try 
to keep that space station on schedule, the construction of it. Are we 
prepared to do that?
    The President. Well, Walter, if it were required, I would be 
supportive of it, and I would be happy to talk to the congressional 
leaders in both parties. Our space program has been a great investment. 
It's had hardly any increase in funding since I became President, but 
we've gone from two launches to eight launches a year. We've 
dramatically cut costs. NASA is sort of the star, the poster child, of 
Vice President Gore's reinventing Government campaign, and we're getting 
a lot out of it.
    If we were required now to help the Russians during this difficult 
period, which will not last forever, so that they could continue to 
participate, I would be in favor of that. I think that it's very 
important that we have the Europeans, the Japanese, the Canadians, and 
the Russians in the space station venture.
    I've been here. I've been over the space station project many times 
in great detail in Houston; twice, I've been down there to look at that. 
And I think we're doing the right thing with this space station, and we 
need to stay with it.

[[Page 2173]]

Pre-Launch Excitement

    Miles O'Brien. Mr. President, it's Miles O'Brien, I have a question 
for you. But first I want to check the countdown clock for our viewers 
for just a moment. We have now entered into a hold--a 10-minute hold. We 
are at T minus 20 minutes and holding. The hold began at 1:20 p.m. EST; 
it will end at 1:30 p.m. EST. And then we'll countdown again to 9 
minutes, another 10-minute hold at that point. Once again, to remind our 
viewers, this is simply a way of NASA keeping up with the important 
business at hand and making sure that everybody is doing their job on 
time.
    Mr. President, I'm just curious, are you nervous?
    The President. Oh, a little bit. I think that it's part of the 
excitement. I'm a little nervous, but I've got great confidence in these 
people. I have had a lot of great honors as President to meet people who 
serve our country, but meeting the people who are in the space program, 
the astronauts, those who work on the ground, those who plan these 
missions, they've done everything they can possibly do, and they would 
never compromise an iota of safety or reliability just because Hillary 
and I and all the rest of the world are here through the media. I feel 
good about this.
    But yes, I'm nervous, and I'm excited. I feel like a kid at his 
first Christmas. I'm very excited about this.

Astronaut on Mars in 2019

    Mr. Cronkite. Mr. President, President Bush in 1989 proclaimed a 
national goal to send humans to the planet Mars by the year 2019. That's 
the 50th anniversary of Neil Armstrong's first step onto the Moon. Do 
you affirm that goal for the Mars mission?
    The President. Well, let me say, what we're doing now will help us 
once we get to the position of evaluating that. I don't want to either 
affirm or renounce it. What I think we should do is to recognize that 
what we have now is a set of very focused goals in our space program. We 
are working on the space station. We are working on the shuttle. We are 
working on space transportation. We are working on things that tell us 
about our environment on Earth. And then we're doing these special 
projects--the Hubble telescope, which is magnificent. And we did the 
Mars Pathfinder mission, you remember, July 4th of last year.
    And so we're going to see how we are. Let's get the space station up 
and going and evaluate what our long-term prospects are. I'll tell you 
this, I am for a continued, aggressive exploration of space in ways that 
are high quality, cost effective, and that will benefit us here on 
Earth. And I hope that we can have, as a result of this flight today, 
even more broadbased American support from all Americans and all parties 
and all walks of life for our mission in space. It's still very, very 
important.

1998 Elections

    Mr. Cronkite. Mr. President, as a journalist, I think I'd be remiss 
at this moment in time if I didn't ask you what your advisers are 
telling you about the results of next Tuesday's election.
    The President. The truth is they don't know. We've got an 
extraordinary number of very, very close elections. In this 2-year 
period the members of the other party have raised, I think, $100 million 
more than our folks did. But we've got good candidates and an extremely 
good grassroots effort track, I think, a good agenda.
    The only thing I think I should say today to avoid being too 
political is that it's a very important election, and I would hope that 
every American who is eligible to vote would go and vote in that 
election.
    If you look at this space launch today, this is a triumph of 
American democracy. It was made possible by the elected Representatives 
of the American people supporting the space program. And it is just one 
more example of why it's so important for citizens to stand up and be 
counted on election day. So if you feel patriotic when you see John 
Glenn and the others go up in space today, then keep that patriotic 
feeling until next Tuesday and go and vote for the candidate and the 
programs and the issues of your choice.

John Holliman

    Mr. Cronkite. All right. Mr. President, thank you so much for being 
with us on CNN today, and we hope you enjoy the launch.

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    The President. Thank you, I will. I think I ought to say just one 
other thing because I'm talking to CNN. I know that I speak for a lot of 
people when I express my thanks to the late John Holliman for the work 
he did to advance our cause in space. And I know that all of you will be 
thinking about him and his family today. And I thank CNN for giving such 
a high profile to our space mission.
    Thank you.
    Mr. Cronkite. Thank you, Mr. President, for those words. Miles and I 
were going to dedicate this broadcast at an appropriate time to the 
memory of John Holliman, who was the space expert at CNN, as skilled as 
Miles--planned to be in this anchor chair and who was killed, 
unfortunately, in an automobile accident just a couple of weeks ago. 
This broadcast is dedicated to the memory of John Holliman.

Note: The interview began at 1:16 p.m. at the John F. Kennedy Space 
Center. A tape was not available for verification of the content of 
these remarks.