CHAPTER 54—COMMISSARY AND EXCHANGE BENEFITS

Editorial Notes

Amendments

2023—Pub. L. 118–31, div. A, title VI, §633(c), Dec. 22, 2023, 137 Stat. 297, inserted "and surviving spouses" after "spouses" in item 1062. Amendment was made pursuant to operation of section 102 of this title.

2021—Pub. L. 117–81, div. A, title X, §1081(a)(16), Dec. 27, 2021, 135 Stat. 1920, added item 1065 and struck out former item 1065 "Use of commissary stores and MWR facilities: certain veterans and caregivers for veterans".

Pub. L. 116–283, div. A, title VI, §631(b), title X, §1081(a)(23), Jan. 1, 2021, 134 Stat. 3682, 3872, added items 1065 and 1066.

2018—Pub. L. 115–232, div. A, title VI, §621(b)(2), Aug. 13, 2018, 132 Stat. 1799, added item 1065.

2003—Pub. L. 108–136, div. A, title VI, §651(c), Nov. 24, 2003, 117 Stat. 1522, added items 1063 and 1064 and struck out former items 1063 "Use of commissary stores: members of Ready Reserve", 1063a "Use of commissary stores and MWR retail facilities: members of National Guard serving in federally declared disaster or national emergency", 1064 "Use of commissary stores: persons qualified for retired pay under chapter 1223 but under age 60", and 1065 "Morale, welfare, and recreation retail facilities: use by members of reserve components and dependents".

2002—Pub. L. 107–314, div. A, title III, §322(b)(2), Dec. 2, 2002, 116 Stat. 2510, inserted "or national emergency" after "disaster" in item 1063a.

2001—Pub. L. 107–107, div. A, title III, §331(d)(3), Dec. 28, 2001, 115 Stat. 1058, struck out "with at least 50 creditable points" after "Ready Reserve" in item 1063.

1998—Pub. L. 105–261, div. A, title III, §362(e), Oct. 17, 1998, 112 Stat. 1985, added items 1063, 1063a, and 1064 and struck out former items 1063 "Period for use of commissary stores: eligibility for members of the Ready Reserve" and 1064 "Use of commissary stores by certain members and former members".

1996—Pub. L. 104–106, div. A, title III, §342(b), Feb. 10, 1996, 110 Stat. 266, substituted "Morale, welfare, and recreation retail facilities: use by members of reserve components and dependents" for "Use of certain morale, welfare, and recreation facilities by members of reserve components and dependents" in item 1065.

1992—Pub. L. 102–484, div. A, title III, §365(c)(2), Oct. 23, 1992, 106 Stat. 2382, substituted "eligibility for members of the Ready Reserve" for "eligibility attributable to active duty for training".

1990—Pub. L. 101–510, div. A, title III, §321(d), Nov. 5, 1990, 104 Stat. 1528, added items 1064 and 1065.

§1061. Survivors of certain Reserve and Guard members

(a) Benefits.—The Secretary of Defense shall prescribe regulations to allow dependents of members of the uniformed services described in subsection (b) to use commissary and exchange stores on the same basis as dependents of members of the uniformed services who die while on active duty for a period of more than 30 days.

(b) Covered Dependents.—A dependent referred to in subsection (a) is a dependent of a member of a uniformed service who died—

(1) while on active duty, active duty for training, or inactive-duty training (regardless of the period of such duty); or

(2) while traveling to or from the place at which the member was to perform, or has performed, active duty, active duty for training, or inactive-duty training (regardless of the period of such duty).

(Added Pub. L. 100–370, §1(c)(1), July 19, 1988, 102 Stat. 841.)

Historical and Revision Notes

Section is based on Pub. L. 99–145, title III, §308, Nov. 8, 1985, 99 Stat. 618.

§1062. Certain former spouses and surviving spouses

(a) Certain Unremarried Former Spouses.—The Secretary of Defense shall prescribe such regulations as may be necessary to provide that an unremarried former spouse described in subparagraph (F)(i) of section 1072(2) of this title is entitled to use commissary stores and MWR retail facilities to the same extent and on the same basis as the surviving spouse of a retired member of the uniformed services.

(b) Certain Remarried Surviving Spouses.—The Secretary of Defense shall prescribe such regulations as may be necessary to provide that a surviving spouse of a deceased member of the armed forces, regardless of the marital status of the surviving spouse, is entitled to use commissary stores and MWR retail facilities to the same extent and on the same basis as an unremarried surviving spouse of a member of the uniformed services.

(c) MWR Retail Facilities Defined.—In this section, the term "MWR retail facilities" has the meaning given that term in section 1063 of this title.

(Added Pub. L. 100–370, §1(c)(1), July 19, 1988, 102 Stat. 841; amended Pub. L. 118–31, div. A, title VI, §633(a), (c), Dec. 22, 2023, 137 Stat. 297.)

Historical and Revision Notes

Section is based on Pub. L. 97–252, title X, §1005, Sept. 8, 1982, 96 Stat. 737.

Editorial Notes

Amendments

2023—Pub. L. 118–31 inserted "and surviving spouses" at end of section catchline, designated existing provisions as subsec. (a), inserted heading, substituted "use commissary stores and MWR retail facilities" for "commissary and exchange privileges", and added subsecs. (b) and (c).

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Regulations

Pub. L. 118–31, div. A, title VI, §633(b), Dec. 22, 2023, 137 Stat. 297, provided that: "The Secretary of Defense shall prescribe regulations under section 1062(b) of title 10, United States Code, as added by subsection (a)(3), not later than October 1, 2025."

§1063. Use of commissary stores and MWR retail facilities: members of reserve components and reserve retirees under age 60

(a) Members of the Selected Reserve.—A member of the Selected Reserve in good standing (as determined by the Secretary concerned) shall be permitted to use commissary stores and MWR retail facilities on the same basis as members on active duty.

(b) Members of Ready Reserve Not in Selected Reserve.—Subject to such regulations as the Secretary of Defense may prescribe, a member of the Ready Reserve (other than members of the Selected Reserve) may be permitted to use commissary stores and MWR retail facilities on the same basis as members serving on active duty.

(c) Reserve and Space Force Retirees Under Age 60.—A member or former member of a reserve component or the Space Force under 60 years of age who, but for age, would be eligible for retired pay under chapter 1223 of this title shall be permitted to use commissary stores and MWR retail facilities on the same basis as members of the armed forces entitled to retired pay under any other provision of law.

(d) Members of the Space Force.—A member of the Space Force in a space force active status who is not on sustained duty shall be permitted to use commissary stores and MWR retail facilities under the same conditions as specified in subsection (a) for a member of the Selected Reserve.

(e) Dependents.—(1) Dependents of a member who is permitted under subsection (a), (b), or (d) to use commissary stores and MWR retail facilities shall be permitted to use stores and such facilities on the same basis as dependents of members on active duty.

(2) Dependents of a member who is permitted under subsection (c) to use commissary stores and MWR retail facilities shall be permitted to use stores and such facilities on the same basis as dependents of members of the armed forces entitled to retired pay under any other provision of law.

(f) MWR Retail Facility Defined.—In this section, the term "MWR retail facilities" means exchange stores and other revenue-generating facilities operated by nonappropriated fund activities of the Department of Defense for the morale, welfare, and recreation of members of the armed forces.

(Added Pub. L. 101–510, div. A, title III, §321(c), Nov. 5, 1990, 104 Stat. 1528, §1065; amended Pub. L. 104–106, div. A, title III, §342(a), Feb. 10, 1996, 110 Stat. 265; renumbered §1063 and amended Pub. L. 108–136, div. A, title VI, §651(a), (b)(4), (5), Nov. 24, 2003, 117 Stat. 1521, 1522; Pub. L. 118–31, div. A, title XVII, §1722(h), Dec. 22, 2023, 137 Stat. 672.)

Editorial Notes

Prior Provisions

A prior section 1063, added Pub. L. 99–661, div. A, title VI, §656(a)(1), Nov. 14, 1986, 100 Stat. 3891, §1052; renumbered §1063, Pub. L. 100–370, §1(c)(2)(A), July 19, 1988, 102 Stat. 841; amended Pub. L. 101–510, div. A, title III, §321(a)(1), Nov. 5, 1990, 104 Stat. 1527; Pub. L. 102–484, div. A, title III, §365(a), (c)(1), Oct. 23, 1992, 106 Stat. 2382; Pub. L. 104–106, div. A, title XV, §1501(c)(9), Feb. 10, 1996, 110 Stat. 499; Pub. L. 105–261, div. A, title III, §362(a), (d)(1), Oct. 17, 1998, 112 Stat. 1984, 1985; Pub. L. 107–107, div. A, title III, §331(a)–(d)(2), Dec. 28, 2001, 115 Stat. 1057, related to use of commissary stores by members of Ready Reserve, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 108–136, div. A, title VI, §651(b)(1), Nov. 24, 2003, 117 Stat. 1521.

Amendments

2023—Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 118–31, §1722(h)(1), inserted "and Space Force" after "Reserve" in heading and "or the Space Force" after "reserve component" in text.

Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 118–31, §1722(h)(3), added subsec. (d). Former subsec. (d) redesignated (e).

Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 118–31, §1722(h)(2), (4), redesignated subsec. (d) as (e) and substituted "subsection (a), (b), or (d)" for "subsection (a) or (b)" in par. (1). Former subsec. (e) redesignated (f).

Subsec. (f). Pub. L. 118–31, §1722(h)(2), redesignated subsec. (e) as (f).

2003—Pub. L. 108–136, §651(b)(4), (5), renumbered section 1065 of this title as this section and substituted "Use of commissary stores and MWR retail facilities: members of reserve components and reserve retirees under age 60" for "Morale, welfare, and recreation retail facilities: use by members of reserve components and dependents" in section catchline.

Subsecs. (a) to (c). Pub. L. 108–136, §651(a)(1), inserted "commissary stores and" after "use".

Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 108–136, §651(a)(2), inserted "commissary stores and" after "permitted under subsection (a) or (b) to use" and "stores and" after "permitted to use" in par. (1), and inserted "commissary stores and" after "permitted under subsection (c) to use" and "stores and" after "permitted to use" in par. (2).

1996—Pub. L. 104–106 substituted "Morale, welfare, and recreation retail facilities: use by members of reserve components and dependents" for "Use of certain morale, welfare, and recreation facilities by members of reserve components and dependents" in section catchline and amended text generally. Prior to amendment, text read as follows:

"(a) Unrestricted Use Required.—Members of the Selected Reserve in good standing (as determined by the Secretary concerned) and members who would be eligible for retired pay under chapter 67 of this title but for the fact that the member is under 60 years of age, and the dependents of such members, shall be permitted to use the exchange stores and other revenue generating facilities operated by nonappropriated fund activities of the Department of Defense for the morale, welfare, and recreation of members of the Armed Forces. Such use shall be permitted on the same basis as members on active duty.

"(b) Eligibility to Use Authorized.—Subject to such regulations as the Secretary of Defense may prescribe, members of the Ready Reserve (other than members of the Selected Reserve) may be permitted to use the facilities referred to in subsection (a) on the same basis as members serving on active duty."

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date

Pub. L. 101–510, div. A, title III, §321(e)(1), Nov. 5, 1990, 104 Stat. 1528, provided that: "The amendments made by subsections (b) and (c) [enacting this section and former section 1064 of this title] shall take effect 120 days after the date of the enactment of this Act [Nov. 5, 1990]."

Regulations

Pub. L. 101–510, div. A, title III, §321(e)(2), Nov. 5, 1990, 104 Stat. 1528, provided that: "The Secretary of Defense shall prescribe such regulations as may be necessary for the proper administration of sections [former] 1064 and 1065 [now 1063] of title 10, United States Code, as added by this section, not later than 90 days after the date of the enactment of this Act [Nov. 5, 1990]."

[§1063a. Renumbered §1064]

§1064. Use of commissary stores and MWR retail facilities: members of National Guard serving in federally declared disaster or national emergency

(a) Eligibility of Members.—A member of the National Guard who, although not in Federal service, is called or ordered to duty in response to a federally declared disaster or national emergency shall be permitted to use commissary stores and MWR retail facilities during the period of such duty on the same basis as members of the armed forces on active duty.

(b) Eligibility of Dependents.—A dependent of a member of the National Guard who is permitted under subsection (a) to use commissary stores and MWR retail facilities shall be permitted to use such stores and facilities, during the same period as the member, on the same basis as dependents of members of the armed forces on active duty.

(c) Definitions.—In this section:

(1) Federally declared disaster.—The term "federally declared disaster" means a disaster or other situation for which a Presidential declaration of major disaster is issued under section 401 of the Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency Assistance Act (42 U.S.C. 5170).

(2) MWR retail facilities.—The term "MWR retail facilities" has the meaning given that term in section 1063(e) ¹ of this title.

(3) National emergency.—The term "national emergency" means a national emergency declared by the President or Congress.

(Added Pub. L. 105–261, div. A, title III, §362(c), Oct. 17, 1998, 112 Stat. 1985, §1063a; amended Pub. L. 107–314, div. A, title III, §322(a), (b)(1), Dec. 2, 2002, 116 Stat. 2510; renumbered §1064 and amended Pub. L. 108–136, div. A, title VI, §651(b)(2), (3), Nov. 24, 2003, 117 Stat. 1521.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

Section 1063(e) of this title, referred to in subsec. (c)(2), was redesignated section 1063(f) of this title by Pub. L. 118–31, div. A, title XVII, 1722(h)(2), Dec. 22, 2023, 137 Stat. 672.

Prior Provisions

A prior section 1064, added Pub. L. 101–510, div. A, title III, §321(b), Nov. 5, 1990, 104 Stat. 1528; amended Pub. L. 104–106, div. A, title XV, §1501(c)(8), Feb. 10, 1996, 110 Stat. 499; Pub. L. 105–261, div. A, title III, §362(b), (d)(2), Oct. 17, 1998, 112 Stat. 1984, 1985, related to use of commissary stores by persons qualified for retired pay but under age 60, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 108–136, div. A, title VI, §651(b)(1), Nov. 24, 2003, 117 Stat. 1521.

Amendments

2003—Pub. L. 108–136, §651(b)(3), renumbered section 1063a of this title as this section.

Subsec. (c)(2). Pub. L. 108–136, §651(b)(2), substituted "section 1063(e)" for "section 1065(e)".

2002—Pub. L. 107–314, §322(b)(1), inserted "or national emergency" after "disaster" in section catchline.

Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 107–314, §322(a)(1), inserted "or national emergency" after "disaster".

Subsec. (c)(3). Pub. L. 107–314, §322(a)(2), added par. (3).

¹ See References in text note below.

§1065. Use of commissary stores and MWR facilities: certain veterans, caregivers for veterans, and Foreign Service officers

(a) Eligibility of Veterans Awarded the Purple Heart.—A veteran who was awarded the Purple Heart shall be permitted to use commissary stores and MWR facilities on the same basis as a member of the armed forces entitled to retired or retainer pay.

(b) Eligibility of Veterans Who Are Medal of Honor Recipients.—A veteran who is a Medal of Honor recipient shall be permitted to use commissary stores and MWR facilities on the same basis as a member of the armed forces entitled to retired or retainer pay.

(c) Eligibility of Veterans Who Are Former Prisoners of War.—A veteran who is a former prisoner of war shall be permitted to use commissary stores and MWR facilities on the same basis as a member of the armed forces entitled to retired or retainer pay.

(d) Eligibility of Veterans With Service-Connected Disabilities.—A veteran with a service-connected disability shall be permitted to use commissary stores and MWR facilities on the same basis as a member of the armed forces entitled to retired or retainer pay.

(e) Eligibility of Caregivers for Veterans.—A caregiver or family caregiver shall be permitted to use commissary stores and MWR facilities on the same basis as a member of the armed forces entitled to retired or retainer pay.

(f) Eligibility of Foreign Service Officers on Mandatory Home Leave.—A Foreign Service officer on mandatory home leave may be permitted to use military lodging referred to in subsection (h).

(g) User Fee Authority.—(1) The Secretary of Defense shall prescribe regulations that impose a user fee on individuals who are eligible solely under this section to purchase merchandise at a commissary store or MWR retail facility.

(2) The Secretary shall set the user fee under this subsection at a rate that the Secretary determines will offset any increase in expenses arising from this section borne by the Department of the Treasury on behalf of commissary stores associated with the use of credit or debit cards for customer purchases, including expenses related to card network use and related transaction processing fees.

(3) The Secretary shall deposit funds collected pursuant to a user fee under this subsection in the General Fund of the Treasury.

(4) Any fee under this subsection is in addition to the uniform surcharge under section 2484(d) of this title.

(h) Definitions.—In this section:

(1) The term "MWR facilities" includes—

(A) MWR retail facilities, as that term is defined in section 1063(e) ¹ of this title; and

(B) military lodging operated by the Department of Defense for the morale, welfare, and recreation of members of the armed forces.

(2) The term "Medal of Honor recipient" has the meaning given that term in section 1074h(c) of this title.

(3) The terms "veteran", "former prisoner of war", and "service-connected" have the meanings given those terms in section 101 of title 38.

(4) The terms "caregiver" and "family caregiver" have the meanings given those terms in section in section 1720G(d) of title 38.

(5) The term "Foreign Service officer" has the meaning given that term in section 103 of the Foreign Service Act of 1980 (22 U.S.C. 3903).

(6) The term "mandatory home leave" means leave under section 903 of the Foreign Service Act of 1980 (22 U.S.C. 4083).

(Added Pub. L. 115–232, div. A, title VI, §621(b)(1), Aug. 13, 2018, 132 Stat. 1798; amended Pub. L. 116–92, div. A, title VI, §641(a), Dec. 20, 2019, 133 Stat. 1430.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

Section 1063(e) of this title, referred to in subsec. (h)(1)(A), was redesignated section 1063(f) of this title by Pub. L. 118–31, div. A, title XVII, 1722(h)(2), Dec. 22, 2023, 137 Stat. 672.

Prior Provisions

A prior section 1065 was renumbered section 1063 of this title.

Amendments

2019—Pub. L. 116–92, §641(a)(1), substituted "veterans, caregivers for veterans, and Foreign Service officers" for "veterans and caregivers for veterans" in section catchline.

Subsecs. (f) to (h). Pub. L. 116–92, §641(a)(2), (3), added subsec. (f) and redesignated former subsecs. (f) and (g) as (g) and (h), respectively.

Subsec. (h)(5), (6). Pub. L. 116–92, §641(a)(4), added pars. (5) and (6).

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of 2019 Amendment

Pub. L. 116–92, div. A, title VI, §641(b), Dec. 20, 2019, 133 Stat. 1431, provided that: "The amendments made by this section [amending this section] shall take effect on January 1, 2020, as if originally incorporated in section 621 of Public Law 115–232."

Effective Date

Pub. L. 115–232, div. A, title VI, §621(b)(3), Aug. 13, 2018, 132 Stat. 1799, provided that: "Section 1065 of title 10, United States Code, as added by paragraph (1), shall take effect on January 1, 2020."

¹ See References in Text note below.

§1066. Use of commissary stores and MWR facilities: protective services civilian employees

(a) Eligibility of Protective Services Civilian Employees.—An individual employed as a protective services civilian employee at a military installation may be permitted to purchase food and hygiene items at a commissary store or MWR retail facility located on that military installation.

(b) User Fee Authority.—(1) The Secretary of Defense shall prescribe regulations that impose a user fee on individuals who are eligible solely under this section to purchase merchandise at a commissary store or MWR retail facility.

(2) The Secretary shall set the user fee under this subsection at a rate that the Secretary determines will offset any increase in expenses arising from this section borne by the Department of the Treasury on behalf of commissary stores associated with the use of credit or debit cards for customer purchases, including expenses related to card network use and related transaction processing fees.

(3) The Secretary shall deposit funds collected pursuant to a user fee under this subsection in the General Fund of the Treasury.

(4) Any fee under this subsection is in addition to the uniform surcharge under section 2484(d) of this title.

(c) Definitions.—In this section:

(1) The term "MWR retail facility" has the meaning given that term in section 1063 of this title.

(2) The term "protective services civilian employee" means a position in any of the following series (or successor classifications) of the General Schedule:

(A) Security Administration (GS–0080).

(B) Fire Protection and Prevention (GS–0081).

(C) Police (GS–0083).

(D) Security Guard (GS–0085).

(E) Emergency Management (GS–0089).

(Added Pub. L. 116–283, div. A, title VI, §631(a), Jan. 1, 2021, 134 Stat. 3681.)