SUBTITLE IX—MULTIMODAL FREIGHT TRANSPORTATION

Editorial Notes

Prior Provisions

A prior subtitle IX, consisting of chapters 701 and 703, related to commercial space transportation, prior to being transferred and renumbered as chapters 509 and 511 of Title 51, National and Commercial Space Programs.

CHAPTER 701—MULTIMODAL FREIGHT POLICY

Editorial Notes

Prior Provisions

A prior chapter 701, consisting of sections 70101 to 70121, related to commercial space launch activities, prior to being transferred and renumbered as chapter 509 of Title 51, National and Commercial Space Programs.

§70101. National multimodal freight policy

(a) In General.—It is the policy of the United States to maintain and improve the condition and performance of the National Multimodal Freight Network established under section 70103 to ensure that the Network provides a foundation for the United States to compete in the global economy and achieve the goals described in subsection (b).

(b) Goals.—The goals of the national multimodal freight policy are—

(1) to identify infrastructure improvements, policies, and operational innovations that—

(A) strengthen the contribution of the National Multimodal Freight Network to the economic competitiveness of the United States;

(B) reduce congestion and eliminate bottlenecks on the National Multimodal Freight Network; and

(C) increase productivity, particularly for domestic industries and businesses that create high-value jobs;

(2) to improve the safety, security, efficiency, and resiliency of multimodal freight transportation;

(3) to achieve and maintain a state of good repair on the National Multimodal Freight Network;

(4) to use innovation and advanced technology to improve the safety, efficiency, and reliability of the National Multimodal Freight Network;

(5) to improve the economic efficiency and productivity of the National Multimodal Freight Network;

(6) to improve the reliability of freight transportation;

(7) to improve the short- and long-distance movement of goods that—

(A) travel across rural areas between population centers;

(B) travel between rural areas and population centers; and

(C) travel from the Nation's ports, airports, and gateways to the National Multimodal Freight Network;

(8) to improve the flexibility of States to support multi-State corridor planning and the creation of multi-State organizations to increase the ability of States to address multimodal freight connectivity;

(9) to reduce the adverse environmental impacts of freight movement on the National Multimodal Freight Network; and

(10) to pursue the goals described in this subsection in a manner that is not burdensome to State and local governments.

(c) Implementation.—The Assistant Secretary for Multimodal Freight, who shall be responsible for the oversight and implementation of the national multimodal freight policy, shall—

(1) carry out sections 70102 and 70103;

(2) assist with the coordination of modal freight planning; and

(3) identify interagency data sharing opportunities to promote freight planning and coordination.

(Added Pub. L. 114–94, div. A, title VIII, §8001(a), Dec. 4, 2015, 129 Stat. 1605; amended Pub. L. 117–58, div. B, title I, §21101(d)(1), Nov. 15, 2021, 135 Stat. 656.)

Editorial Notes

Prior Provisions

A prior section 70101 was transferred and renumbered as section 50901 of Title 51, National and Commercial Space Programs.

Amendments

2021—Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 117–58 substituted "Assistant Secretary for Multimodal Freight" for "Under Secretary of Transportation for Policy" in introductory provisions.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date

Section effective Oct. 1, 2015, see section 1003 of Pub. L. 114–94, set out as an Effective Date of 2015 Amendment note under section 5313 of Title 5, Government Organization and Employees.

§70102. National freight strategic plan

(a) In General.—The Assistant Secretary for Multimodal Freight (referred to in this section as the "Assistant Secretary") shall—

(1) develop a national freight strategic plan in accordance with this section; and

(2) publish the plan on the public Internet Web site of the Department of Transportation.

(b) Contents.—The national freight strategic plan shall include—

(1) an assessment of the condition and performance of the National Multimodal Freight Network established under section 70103;

(2) forecasts of freight volumes for the succeeding 5-, 10-, and 20-year periods;

(3) an identification of major trade gateways and national freight corridors that connect major population centers, trade gateways, and other major freight generators;

(4) an identification of bottlenecks on the National Multimodal Freight Network that create significant freight congestion, based on a quantitative methodology developed by the Assistant Secretary, which shall include, at a minimum—

(A) information from the Freight Analysis Framework of the Federal Highway Administration; and

(B) to the maximum extent practicable, an estimate of the cost of addressing each bottleneck and any operational improvements that could be implemented;

(5) an assessment of statutory, regulatory, technological, institutional, financial, and other barriers to improved freight transportation performance, and a description of opportunities for overcoming the barriers;

(6) a process for addressing multistate projects and encouraging jurisdictions to collaborate;

(7) strategies to improve freight intermodal connectivity;

(8) an identification of corridors providing access to energy exploration, development, installation, or production areas;

(9) an identification of corridors providing access to major areas for manufacturing, agriculture, or natural resources;

(10) an identification of best practices for improving the performance of the National Multimodal Freight Network, including critical commerce corridors and rural and urban access to critical freight corridors;

(11) an identification of best practices to mitigate the impacts of freight movement on communities;

(12) best practices for reducing environmental impacts of freight movement (including reducing local air pollution from freight movement, stormwater runoff, and wildlife habitat loss resulting from freight facilities, freight vehicles, or freight activity);

(13) possible strategies to increase the resilience of the freight system, including the ability to anticipate, prepare for, or adapt to conditions, or withstand, respond to, or recover rapidly from disruptions, including extreme weather and natural disasters;

(14) strategies to promote United States economic growth and international competitiveness;

(15) consideration of any potential unique impacts of the national freight system on rural and other underserved and historically disadvantaged communities;

(16) strategies for decarbonizing freight movement, as appropriate; and

(17) consideration of the impacts of e-commerce on the national multimodal freight system.

(c) Updates.—Not later than 5 years after the date of completion of the national freight strategic plan under subsection (a), and every 5 years thereafter, the Assistant Secretary shall update the plan and publish the updated plan on the public Internet Web site of the Department of Transportation.

(d) Consultation.—The Assistant Secretary shall develop and update the national freight strategic plan—

(1) after providing notice and an opportunity for public comment; and

(2) in consultation with State departments of transportation, metropolitan planning organizations, and other appropriate public and private transportation stakeholders.

(Added Pub. L. 114–94, div. A, title VIII, §8001(a), Dec. 4, 2015, 129 Stat. 1606; amended Pub. L. 117–58, div. B, title I, §§21101(d)(2), 21102, Nov. 15, 2021, 135 Stat. 656, 657.)

Editorial Notes

Prior Provisions

A prior section 70102 was transferred and renumbered as section 50902 of Title 51, National and Commercial Space Programs.

Amendments

2021—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 117–58, §21101(d)(2)(A), substituted "The Assistant Secretary for Multimodal Freight (referred to in this section as the 'Assistant Secretary')" for "Not later than 2 years after the date of enactment of this section, the Under Secretary of Transportation for Policy" in introductory provisions.

Subsec. (b)(4). Pub. L. 117–58, §21101(d)(2)(B), substituted "Assistant Secretary" for "Under Secretary" in introductory provisions.

Subsec. (b)(12) to (17). Pub. L. 117–58, §21102, added pars. (12) to (17).

Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 117–58, §21101(d)(2)(C), substituted "Assistant Secretary" for "Under Secretary".

Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 117–58, §21101(d)(2)(D), substituted "Assistant Secretary" for "Under Secretary" in introductory provisions.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date

Section effective Oct. 1, 2015, see section 1003 of Pub. L. 114–94, set out as an Effective Date of 2015 Amendment note under section 5313 of Title 5, Government Organization and Employees.

§70103. National Multimodal Freight Network

(a) In General.—The Assistant Secretary for Multimodal Freight (referred to in this section as the "Assistant Secretary") shall establish a National Multimodal Freight Network in accordance with this section—

(1) to assist States in strategically directing resources toward improved system performance for the efficient movement of freight on the Network;

(2) to inform freight transportation planning;

(3) to assist in the prioritization of Federal investment; and

(4) to assess and support Federal investments to achieve the national multimodal freight policy goals described in section 70101(b) of this title and the national highway freight program goals described in section 167 of title 23.

(b) Designation of National Multimodal Freight Network.—

(1) In general.—The Assistant Secretary, after soliciting input from stakeholders, including multimodal freight system users, transportation providers, metropolitan planning organizations, local governments, ports, airports, railroads, and States, through a public process to identify critical freight facilities and corridors, including critical commerce corridors, that are vital to achieve the national multimodal freight policy goals described in section 70101(b) of this title and the national highway freight program goals described in section 167 of title 23, and after providing notice and an opportunity for comment on a draft system, shall designate a National Multimodal Freight Network with the goal of—

(A) improving network and intermodal connectivity; and

(B) using measurable data as part of the assessment of the significance of freight movement, including the consideration of points of origin, destinations, and linking components of domestic and international supply chains.

(2) Factors.—In designating or redesignating the National Multimodal Freight Network, the Assistant Secretary shall consider—

(A) origins and destinations of freight movement within, to, and from the United States;

(B) volume, value, tonnage, and the strategic importance of freight;

(C) access to border crossings, airports, seaports, and pipelines;

(D) economic factors, including balance of trade;

(E) access to major areas for manufacturing, agriculture, or natural resources;

(F) access to energy exploration, development, installation, and production areas;

(G) intermodal links and intersections that promote connectivity;

(H) freight choke points and other impediments contributing to significant measurable congestion, delay in freight movement, or inefficient modal connections;

(I) impacts on all freight transportation modes and modes that share significant freight infrastructure;

(J) facilities and transportation corridors identified by a multi-State coalition, a State, a State freight advisory committee, or a metropolitan planning organization, using national or local data, as having critical freight importance to the region;

(K) major distribution centers, inland intermodal facilities, and first- and last-mile facilities; and

(L) the significance of goods movement, including consideration of global and domestic supply chains.

(3) Considerations.—In designating or redesignating the National Multimodal Freight Network, the Assistant Secretary shall—

(A) use, to the extent practicable, measurable data to assess the significance of goods movement, including the consideration of points of origin, destinations, and linking components of the United States global and domestic supply chains;

(B) consider—

(i) the factors described in paragraph (2); and

(ii) any changes in the economy that affect freight transportation network demand; and

(C) provide to the States an opportunity to submit proposed designations from the States in accordance with paragraph (4).

(4) State input.—

(A) In general.—Each State that proposes additional designations for the National Multimodal Freight Network shall—

(i) consider nominations for additional designations from metropolitan planning organizations and State freight advisory committees, as applicable, within the State;

(ii) consider nominations for additional designations from owners and operators of port, rail, pipeline, and airport facilities; and

(iii) ensure that additional designations are consistent with the State transportation improvement program or freight plan.

(B) Critical rural freight facilities and corridors.—As part of the designations under subparagraph (A), a State may designate a freight facility or corridor within the borders of the State as a critical rural freight facility or corridor if the facility or corridor—

(i) is a rural principal arterial;

(ii) provides access or service to energy exploration, development, installation, or production areas;

(iii) provides access or service to—

(I) a grain elevator;

(II) an agricultural facility;

(III) a mining facility;

(IV) a forestry facility; or

(V) an intermodal facility;

(iv) connects to an international port of entry;

(v) provides access to a significant air, rail, water, or other freight facility in the State; or

(vi) has been determined by the State to be vital to improving the efficient movement of freight of importance to the economy of the State.

(C) Limitation.—

(i) In general.—A State may propose additional designations to the National Multimodal Freight Network in the State in an amount that is not more than 30 percent of the total mileage designated by the Under Secretary in the State.

(ii) Determination by under secretary.—The Under Secretary shall determine how to apply the limitation under clause (i) to the components of the National Multimodal Freight Network.

(D) Submission and certification.—A State shall submit to the Under Secretary—

(i) a list of any additional designations proposed to be added under this paragraph; and

(ii) a certification that—

(I) the State has satisfied the requirements of subparagraph (A); and

(II) the designations referred to in clause (i) address the factors for designation described in this subsection.

(E) Condition for acceptance.—The Secretary shall accept from a State a designation under subparagraph (D) only if the Secretary determines that the designation meets the applicable requirements of subparagraph (A).

(c) Redesignation of National Multimodal Freight Network.—Not later than 5 years after the initial designation under subsection (b), and every 5 years thereafter, the Assistant Secretary, using the designation factors described in subsection (b), shall redesignate the National Multimodal Freight Network.

(Added Pub. L. 114–94, div. A, title VIII, §8001(a), Dec. 4, 2015, 129 Stat. 1607; amended Pub. L. 117–58, div. B, title I, §§21101(d)(3), 21103, Nov. 15, 2021, 135 Stat. 656, 657.)

Editorial Notes

Prior Provisions

A prior section 70103 was transferred and renumbered as section 50903 of Title 51, National and Commercial Space Programs.

Prior sections 70104 to 70121 were transferred and renumbered as sections 50904 to 50923 of Title 51, National and Commercial Space Programs.

Amendments

2021—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 117–58, §21101(d)(3)(A), substituted "Assistant Secretary for Multimodal Freight (referred to in this section as the 'Assistant Secretary')" for "Under Secretary of Transportation for Policy" in introductory provisions.

Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 117–58, §21101(d)(3)(D)(i), substituted "Designation of National Multimodal Freight Network" for "Final Network" in heading.

Pub. L. 117–58, §21101(d)(3)(B), (C), redesignated subsec. (c) as (b) and struck out former subsec. (b) which required the establishment of an interim National Multimodal Freight Network no later than 180 days after Dec. 4, 2015.

Subsec. (b)(1). Pub. L. 117–58, §21101(d)(3)(D)(ii), substituted "The Assistant Secretary" for "Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of this section, the Under Secretary" in introductory provisions.

Subsec. (b)(2), (3). Pub. L. 117–58, §21101(d)(3)(D)(iii), (iv), substituted "Assistant Secretary" for "Under Secretary" in introductory provisions.

Subsec. (b)(3)(C). Pub. L. 117–58, §21103(1), added subpar. (C) and struck out former subpar. (C) which read as follows: "provide the States with an opportunity to submit proposed designations in accordance with paragraph (4)."

Subsec. (b)(4)(C)(i). Pub. L. 117–58, §21103(2)(A), substituted "30 percent" for "20 percent".

Subsec. (b)(4)(E). Pub. L. 117–58, §21103(2)(B), added subpar. (E).

Subsecs. (c), (d). Pub. L. 117–58, §21101(d)(3)(C), (E), redesignated subsec. (d) as (c), substituted "subsection (b)" for "subsection (c)" in two places, and substituted "Assistant Secretary" for "Under Secretary". Former subsec. (c) redesignated (b).

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date

Section effective Oct. 1, 2015, see section 1003 of Pub. L. 114–94, set out as an Effective Date of 2015 Amendment note under section 5313 of Title 5, Government Organization and Employees.

CHAPTER 702—MULTIMODAL FREIGHT TRANSPORTATION PLANNING AND INFORMATION

Editorial Notes

Amendments

2021—Pub. L. 117–58, div. B, title I, §§21106(b), 21204(b), Nov. 15, 2021, 135 Stat. 662, 679, added items 70204 to 70206 and struck out former item 70204 "Savings provision".

§70201. State freight advisory committees

(a) In General.—The Secretary of Transportation shall encourage each State to establish a freight advisory committee consisting of a representative cross-section of public and private sector freight stakeholders, including representatives of—

(1) ports, if applicable;

(2) freight railroads, if applicable;

(3) shippers;

(4) carriers;

(5) freight-related associations;

(6) third-party logistics providers;

(7) the freight industry workforce;

(8) the transportation department of the State;

(9) metropolitan planning organizations;

(10) local governments;

(11) the environmental protection department of the State, if applicable;

(12) the air resources board of the State, if applicable;

(13) economic development agencies of the State; and

(14) not-for-profit organizations or community organizations.

(b) Qualifications.—Each member of a freight advisory committee established under subsection (a) shall have qualifications sufficient to serve on a freight advisory committee, including, as applicable—

(1) general business and financial experience;

(2) experience or qualifications in the areas of freight transportation and logistics;

(3) experience in transportation planning;

(4) experience representing employees of the freight industry;

(5) experience representing a State, local government, or metropolitan planning organization; or

(6) experience representing the views of a community group or not-for-profit organization.

(c) Role of Committee.—A freight advisory committee of a State described in subsection (a) shall—

(1) advise the State on freight-related priorities, issues, projects, and funding needs;

(2) serve as a forum for discussion for State transportation decisions affecting freight mobility;

(3) communicate and coordinate regional priorities with other organizations;

(4) promote the sharing of information between the private and public sectors on freight issues; and

(5) participate in the development of the freight plan of the State described in section 70202, including by providing advice regarding the development of the freight investment plan.

(Added Pub. L. 114–94, div. A, title VIII, §8001(a), Dec. 4, 2015, 129 Stat. 1610; amended Pub. L. 117–58, div. B, title I, §21107, Nov. 15, 2021, 135 Stat. 662.)

Editorial Notes

Amendments

2021—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 117–58, §21107(1), substituted "representatives of—" and pars. (1) to (14) for "representatives of ports, freight railroads, shippers, carriers, freight-related associations, third-party logistics providers, the freight industry workforce, the transportation department of the State, and local governments."

Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 117–58, §21107(4), added subsec. (b). Former subsec. (b) redesignated (c).

Subsec. (b)(5). Pub. L. 117–58, §21107(2), substituted "70202, including by providing advice regarding the development of the freight investment plan." for "70202."

Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 117–58, §21107(3), redesignated subsec. (b) as (c).

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date

Section effective Oct. 1, 2015, see section 1003 of Pub. L. 114–94, set out as an Effective Date of 2015 Amendment note under section 5313 of Title 5, Government Organization and Employees.

§70202. State freight plans

(a) In General.—Each State that receives funding under section 167 of title 23 shall develop a freight plan that provides a comprehensive plan for the immediate and long-range planning activities and investments of the State with respect to freight.

(b) Plan Contents.—A State freight plan described in subsection (a) shall include, at a minimum—

(1) an identification of significant freight system trends, needs, and issues with respect to the State;

(2) a description of the freight policies, strategies, and performance measures that will guide the freight-related transportation investment decisions of the State;

(3) when applicable, a listing of—

(A) multimodal critical rural freight facilities and corridors designated within the State under section 70103 of this title; and

(B) critical rural and urban freight corridors designated within the State under section 167 of title 23;

(4) a description of how the plan will improve the ability of the State to meet the national multimodal freight policy goals described in section 70101(b) of this title and the national highway freight program goals described in section 167 of title 23;

(5) a description of how innovative technologies and operational strategies, including freight intelligent transportation systems, that improve the safety and efficiency of freight movement, were considered;

(6) in the case of roadways on which travel by heavy vehicles (including mining, agricultural, energy cargo or equipment, and timber vehicles) is projected to substantially deteriorate the condition of the roadways, a description of improvements that may be required to reduce or impede the deterioration;

(7) an inventory of facilities with freight mobility issues, such as bottlenecks, within the State, and for those facilities that are State owned or operated, a description of the strategies the State is employing to address the freight mobility issues;

(8) consideration of any significant congestion or delay caused by freight movements and any strategies to mitigate that congestion or delay;

(9) a freight investment plan that, subject to subsection (c)(2), includes a list of priority projects and describes how funds made available to carry out section 167 of title 23 would be invested and matched;

(10) the most recent commercial motor vehicle parking facilities assessment conducted by the State under subsection (f);

(11) the most recent supply chain cargo flows in the State, expressed by mode of transportation;

(12) an inventory of commercial ports in the State;

(13) if applicable, consideration of the findings or recommendations made by any multi-State freight compact to which the State is a party under section 70204;

(14) the impacts of e-commerce on freight infrastructure in the State;

(15) considerations of military freight;

(16) strategies and goals to decrease—

(A) the severity of impacts of extreme weather and natural disasters on freight mobility;

(B) the impacts of freight movement on local air pollution;

(C) the impacts of freight movement on flooding and stormwater runoff; and

(D) the impacts of freight movement on wildlife habitat loss; and

(17) consultation with the State freight advisory committee, if applicable.

(c) Relationship to Long-Range Plan.—

(1) Incorporation.—A State freight plan described in subsection (a) may be developed separately from or incorporated into the statewide strategic long-range transportation plan required by section 135 of title 23.

(2) Fiscal constraint.—The freight investment plan component of a freight plan shall include a project, or an identified phase of a project, only if funding for completion of the project can reasonably be anticipated to be available for the project within the time period identified in the freight investment plan.

(d) Planning Period.—A State freight plan described in subsection (a) shall address a 8-year forecast period.

(e) Updates.—

(1) In general.—A State shall update a State freight plan described in subsection (a) not less frequently than once every 4 years.

(2) Freight investment plan.—A State may update a freight investment plan described in subsection (b)(9) more frequently than is required under paragraph (1).

(f) Commercial Motor Vehicle Parking Facilities Assessments.—As part of the development or updating, as applicable, of a State freight plan under this section, each State that receives funding under section 167 of title 23, in consultation with relevant State motor carrier safety personnel, shall conduct an assessment of—

(1) the capability of the State, together with the private sector in the State, to provide adequate parking facilities and rest facilities for commercial motor vehicles engaged in interstate transportation;

(2) the volume of commercial motor vehicle traffic in the State; and

(3) whether there exist any areas within the State with a shortage of adequate commercial motor vehicle parking facilities, including an analysis (economic or otherwise, as the State determines to be appropriate) of the underlying causes of such a shortage.

(g) Priority.—Each State freight plan under this section shall include a requirement that the State, in carrying out activities under the State freight plan—

(1) enhance reliability or redundancy of freight transportation; or

(2) incorporate the ability to rapidly restore access and reliability with respect to freight transportation.

(h) Approval.—

(1) In general.—The Secretary of Transportation shall approve a State freight plan described in subsection (a) if the plan achieves compliance with the requirements of this section.

(2) Savings provision.—Nothing in this subsection establishes new procedural requirements for the approval of a State freight plan described in subsection (a).

(Added Pub. L. 114–94, div. A, title VIII, §8001(a), Dec. 4, 2015, 129 Stat. 1610; amended Pub. L. 117–58, div. B, title I, §21104(a), (c), Nov. 15, 2021, 135 Stat. 658, 659.)

Editorial Notes

Amendments

2021—Subsec. (b)(10) to (17). Pub. L. 117–58, §21104(a)(1), added pars. (10) to (16) and redesignated former par. (10) as (17).

Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 117–58, §21104(c)(1), substituted "8-year" for "5-year".

Subsec. (e)(1). Pub. L. 117–58, §21104(c)(2), substituted "4 years" for "5 years".

Subsecs. (f) to (h). Pub. L. 117–58, §21104(a)(2), added subsecs. (f) to (h).

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date

Section effective Oct. 1, 2015, see section 1003 of Pub. L. 114–94, set out as an Effective Date of 2015 Amendment note under section 5313 of Title 5, Government Organization and Employees.

§70203. Transportation investment data and planning tools

(a) In General.—Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of this section, the Secretary of Transportation shall—

(1) begin development of new tools and improvement of existing tools to support an outcome-oriented, performance-based approach to evaluate proposed freight-related and other transportation projects, including—

(A) methodologies for systematic analysis of benefits and costs on a national or regional basis;

(B) tools for ensuring that the evaluation of freight-related and other transportation projects could consider safety, economic competitiveness, urban and rural access, environmental sustainability, and system condition in the project selection process;

(C) improved methods for data collection and trend analysis;

(D) encouragement of public-private collaboration to carry out data sharing activities while maintaining the confidentiality of all proprietary data; and

(E) other tools to assist in effective transportation planning;

(2) identify transportation-related model data elements to support a broad range of evaluation methods and techniques to assist in making transportation investment decisions; and

(3) at a minimum, in consultation with other relevant Federal agencies, consider any improvements to existing freight flow data collection efforts that could reduce identified freight data gaps and deficiencies and help improve forecasts of freight transportation demand.

(b) Consultation.—The Secretary shall consult with Federal, State, and other stakeholders to develop, improve, and implement the tools and collect the data described in subsection (a).

(Added Pub. L. 114–94, div. A, title VIII, §8001(a), Dec. 4, 2015, 129 Stat. 1611.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

The date of enactment of this section, referred to in subsec. (a), is the date of enactment of Pub. L. 114–94, which was approved Dec. 4, 2015.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date

Section effective Oct. 1, 2015, see section 1003 of Pub. L. 114–94, set out as an Effective Date of 2015 Amendment note under section 5313 of Title 5, Government Organization and Employees.

§70204. Multi-State freight corridor planning

(a) Consent to Multi-State Freight Mobility Compacts.—Congress recognizes the right of States, cities, regional planning organizations, federally recognized Indian Tribes, and local public authorities (including public port authorities) that are regionally linked with an interest in a specific nationally or regionally significant multi-State freight corridor to enter into multi-State compacts to promote the improved mobility of goods, including—

(1) identifying projects along the corridor that benefit multiple States;

(2) assembling rights-of-way; and

(3) performing capital improvements.

(b) Financing.—A multi-State freight compact established by entities under subsection (a) may provide that, in order to carry out the compact, the relevant States or other entities may—

(1) accept contributions from a unit of State or local government;

(2) use any Federal or State funds made available for freight mobility infrastructure planning or construction, including applying for grants;

(3) subject to such terms and conditions as the States consider to be advisable—

(A) borrow money on a short-term basis; and

(B) issue—

(i) notes for borrowing under subparagraph (A); and

(ii) bonds; and

(4) obtain financing by other means permitted under applicable Federal or State law.

(c) Advisory Committees.—

(1) In general.—A multi-State freight compact under this section may establish a multi-State freight corridor advisory committee, which shall include representatives of State departments of transportation and other public and private sector entities with an interest in freight mobility, such as—

(A) ports;

(B) freight railroads;

(C) shippers;

(D) carriers;

(E) freight-related associations;

(F) third-party logistics providers;

(G) the freight industry workforce;

(H) environmental organizations;

(I) community organizations; and

(J) units of local government.

(2) Activities.—An advisory committee established under paragraph (1) may—

(A) advise the parties to the applicable multi-State freight compact with respect to freight-related priorities, issues, projects, and funding needs that impact multi-State—

(i) freight mobility; and

(ii) supply chains;

(B) serve as a forum for States, Indian Tribes, and other public entities to discuss decisions affecting freight mobility;

(C) communicate and coordinate multi-State freight priorities with other organizations;

(D) promote the sharing of information between the private and public sectors with respect to freight issues; and

(E) provide information for consideration in the development of State freight plans under section 70202.

(d) Grants.—

(1) Establishment.—The Secretary of Transportation (referred to in this section as the "Secretary") shall establish a program under which the Secretary shall provide grants to multi-State freight compacts, or States seeking to form a multi-State freight compact, that seek to improve a route or corridor that is a part of the National Multimodal Freight Network established under section 70103.

(2) New compacts.—

(A) In general.—To incentivize the establishment of multi-State freight compacts, the Secretary may award a grant for operations costs in an amount of not more than $2,000,000 to—

(i) a multi-State freight compact established under subsection (a) during the 2-year period beginning on the date of establishment of the multi-State freight compact; or

(ii) States seeking to form a multi-State freight compact described in that subsection.

(B) Eligibility.—

(i) New multi-state freight compacts.—A multi-State freight compact shall be eligible for a grant under this paragraph only during the initial 2 years of operation of the compact.

(ii) States seeking to form a compact.—States seeking to form a multi-State freight compact shall be eligible for a grant under this paragraph during—

(I) the 2-year period beginning on the date on which an application for a grant under this paragraph with respect to the proposed compact is submitted to the Secretary; or

(II) if the compact is formed before the date on which a grant under this paragraph is awarded in accordance with subclause (I), the initial 2 years of operation of the compact.

(C) Requirements.—To be eligible to receive a grant under this paragraph, a multi-State freight compact or the applicable States seeking to form a multi-State freight compact shall—

(i) submit to the Secretary an application at such time, in such manner, and containing such information as the Secretary may require;

(ii) provide a non-Federal match equal to not less than 25 percent of the operating costs of the multi-State freight compact; and

(iii) commit to establishing a multi-State freight corridor advisory committee under subsection (c)(1) during the initial 2-year period of operation of the compact.

(3) Existing compacts.—

(A) In general.—The Secretary may award a grant to multi-State freight compacts that are not eligible to receive a grant under paragraph (2) for operations costs in an amount of not more than $1,000,000.

(B) Requirements.—To be eligible to receive a grant under this paragraph, a multi-State freight compact shall—

(i) submit to the Secretary an application at such time, in such manner, and containing such information as the Secretary may require;

(ii) provide a non-Federal match of not less than 50 percent of the operating costs of the compact; and

(iii) demonstrate that the compact has established a multi-State freight corridor advisory committee under subsection (c)(1).

(4) Authorization of appropriations.—There is authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary $5,000,000 for each fiscal year to carry out this subsection.

(Added Pub. L. 117–58, div. B, title I, §21106(a)(2), Nov. 15, 2021, 135 Stat. 659.)

Editorial Notes

Prior Provisions

A prior section 70204 was renumbered section 70206 of this title.

§70205. National multimodal cooperative freight research program

(a) Establishment.—Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of this section, the Secretary of Transportation (referred to in this section as the "Secretary") shall establish and support a national cooperative freight transportation research program.

(b) Administration by National Academy of Sciences.—

(1) In general.—The Secretary shall enter into an agreement with the National Academy of Sciences to support and carry out administrative and management activities under the program established under subsection (a).

(2) Advisory committee.—To assist the National Academy of Sciences in carrying out this subsection, the National Academy shall establish an advisory committee, the members of which represent a cross-section of multimodal freight stakeholders, including—

(A) the Department of Transportation and other relevant Federal departments and agencies;

(B) State (including the District of Columbia) departments of transportation;

(C) units of local government, including public port authorities;

(D) nonprofit entities;

(E) institutions of higher education;

(F) labor organizations representing employees in freight industries; and

(G) private sector entities representing various transportation modes.

(c) Activities.—

(1) National research agenda.—

(A) In general.—The advisory committee established under subsection (b)(2), in consultation with interested parties, shall recommend a national research agenda for the program in accordance with subsection (d), which shall include a multiyear strategic plan.

(B) Action by interested parties.—For purposes of subparagraph (A), an interested party may—

(i) submit to the advisory committee research proposals;

(ii) participate in merit reviews of research proposals and peer reviews of research products; and

(iii) receive research results.

(2) Research contracts and grants.—

(A) In general.—The National Academy of Sciences may award research contracts and grants under the program established under subsection (a) through—

(i) open competition; and

(ii) merit review, conducted on a regular basis.

(B) Evaluation.—

(i) Peer review.—A contract or grant for research under subparagraph (A) may allow peer review of the research results.

(ii) Programmatic evaluations.—The National Academy of Sciences may conduct periodic programmatic evaluations on a regular basis of a contract or grant for research under subparagraph (A).

(C) Dissemination of findings.—The National Academy of Sciences shall disseminate the findings of any research conducted under this paragraph to relevant researchers, practitioners, and decisionmakers through—

(i) conferences and seminars;

(ii) field demonstrations;

(iii) workshops;

(iv) training programs;

(v) presentations;

(vi) testimony to government officials;

(vii) publicly accessible websites;

(viii) publications for the general public; and

(ix) other appropriate means.

(3) Report.—Not later than 1 year after the date of establishment of the program under subsection (a), and annually thereafter, the Secretary shall make available on a public website a report that describes the ongoing research and findings under the program.

(d) Areas for Research.—The national research agenda under subsection (c)(1) shall consider research in the following areas:

(1) Improving the efficiency and resiliency of freight movement, including—

(A) improving the connections between rural areas and domestic and foreign markets;

(B) maximizing infrastructure utility, including improving urban curb-use efficiency;

(C) quantifying the national impact of blocked railroad crossings;

(D) improved techniques for estimating and quantifying public benefits derived from freight transportation projects; and

(E) low-cost methods to reduce congestion at bottlenecks.

(2) Adapting to future trends in freight, including—

(A) considering the impacts of e-commerce;

(B) automation; and

(C) zero-emissions transportation.

(3) Workforce considerations in freight, including—

(A) diversifying the freight transportation industry workforce; and

(B) creating and transitioning a workforce capable of designing, deploying, and operating emerging technologies.

(e) Federal Share.—

(1) In general.—The Federal share of the cost of an activity carried out under this section shall be up to 100 percent.

(2) Use of non-federal funds.—In addition to using funds made available to carry out this section, the National Academy of Sciences may seek and accept additional funding from public and private entities capable of accepting funding from the Department of Transportation, States, units of local government, nonprofit entities, and the private sector.

(f) Authorization of Appropriations.—There is authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary $3,750,000 for each fiscal year to carry out the program established under subsection (a), to remain available until expended.

(g) Sunset.—The program established under subsection (a) shall terminate 5 years after the date of enactment of this section.

(Added Pub. L. 117–58, div. B, title I, §21204(a), Nov. 15, 2021, 135 Stat. 677.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

The date of enactment of this section, referred to in subsecs. (a) and (g), is the date of enactment of Pub. L. 117–58, which was approved Nov. 15, 2021.

§70206. Savings provision

Nothing in this subtitle provides additional authority to regulate or direct private activity on freight networks designated under this subtitle.

(Added Pub. L. 114–94, div. A, title VIII, §8001(a), Dec. 4, 2015, 129 Stat. 1612, §70204; renumbered §70206, Pub. L. 117–58, div. B, title I, §21106(a)(1), Nov. 15, 2021, 135 Stat. 659.)

Editorial Notes

Amendments

2021—Pub. L. 117–58 renumbered section 70204 of this title as this section.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date

Section effective Oct. 1, 2015, see section 1003 of Pub. L. 114–94, set out as an Effective Date of 2015 Amendment note under section 5313 of Title 5, Government Organization and Employees.

[CHAPTER 703—TRANSFERRED]

Editorial Notes

Codification

Former chapter 703 was renumbered chapter 511 of Title 51, National and Commercial Space Programs. Former sections 70301 to 70305 were renumbered sections 51101 to 51105, respectively, of Title 51.