(a) During the intervals between each census of population required under section 141 of this title, the Secretary, to the extent feasible, shall annually produce and publish for each State, county, and local unit of general purpose government which has a population of fifty thousand or more, current data on total population and population characteristics and, to the extent feasible, shall biennially produce and publish for other local units of general purpose government current data on total population. Such data shall be produced and published for each State, county, and other local unit of general purpose government for which data is compiled in the most recent census of population taken under section 141 of this title. Such data may be produced by means of sampling or other methods, which the Secretary determines will produce current, comprehensive, and reliable data.

(b) If the Secretary is unable to produce and publish current data during any fiscal year on total population for any county and local unit of general purpose government as required by this section, a report shall be submitted by the Secretary to the President of the Senate and to the Speaker of the House of Representatives not later than 90 days before the commencement of the following fiscal year, enumerating each government excluded and giving the reasons for such exclusion.

(Added Pub. L. 94–521, §8(a), Oct. 17, 1976, 90 Stat. 2462.)

A prior section 181, act Aug. 31, 1954, ch. 1158, 68 Stat. 1021, authorizing the Secretary to conduct surveys necessary to furnish current data on subjects covered by the censuses under this title, was repealed by section 8(a) of Pub. L. 94–521. See section 182 of this title.

Section effective Oct. 17, 1976, see section 17 of Pub. L. 94–521, set out as a note under section 1 of this title.

The Secretary may make surveys deemed necessary to furnish annual and other interim current data on the subjects covered by the censuses provided for in this title.

(Added Pub. L. 94–521, §8(a), Oct. 17, 1976, 90 Stat. 2463.)

Section effective Oct. 17, 1976, see section 17 of Pub. L. 94–521, set out as a note under section 1 of this title.

(a) Except as provided in subsection (b), for the purpose of administering any law of the United States in which population or other population characteristics are used to determine the amount of benefit received by State, county, or local units of general purpose government, the Secretary shall transmit to the President for use by the appropriate departments and agencies of the executive branch the data most recently produced and published under this title.

(b) This section shall not apply with respect to any law of the United States which, for purposes of determining the amount of benefit received by State, county, or local units of general purpose government, provides that only population or population characteristics data obtained in the most recent decennial census may be used in such determination.

(Added Pub. L. 94–521, §8(a), Oct. 17, 1976, 90 Stat. 2463.)

Section effective Oct. 17, 1976, see section 17 of Pub. L. 94–521, set out as a note under section 1 of this title.

For purposes of this subchapter—

(1) the term “local unit of general purpose government” means the government of a county, municipality, township, Indian tribe, Alaskan native village, or other unit of government (other than a State) which is a unit of general government, and

(2) the term “State” includes the District of Columbia.

(Added Pub. L. 94–521, §8(a), Oct. 17, 1976, 90 Stat. 2463.)

Section effective Oct. 17, 1976, see section 17 of Pub. L. 94–521, set out as a note under section 1 of this title.