Any action pursuant to the provisions of section 2605, 2607, or 2608 of this title may be brought in the United States district court or in any other court of competent jurisdiction, for the district in which the property involved is located, or where the violation is alleged to have occurred, within 3 years in the case of a violation of section 2605 of this title and 1 year in the case of a violation of section 2607 or 2608 of this title from the date of the occurrence of the violation, except that actions brought by the Secretary, the Attorney General of any State, or the insurance commissioner of any State may be brought within 3 years from the date of the occurrence of the violation.

(Pub. L. 93–533, §16, Dec. 22, 1974, 88 Stat. 1731; Pub. L. 98–181, title IV, §461(d), Nov. 30, 1983, 97 Stat. 1232; Pub. L. 104–208, div. A, title II, §2103(e), Sept. 30, 1996, 110 Stat. 3009–400; Pub. L. 111–203, title X, §1098(9), July 21, 2010, 124 Stat. 2104.)

Pub. L. 111–203, title X, §§1098(9), 1100H, July 21, 2010, 124 Stat. 2104, 2113, provided that, effective on the designated transfer date, this section is amended by inserting “the Bureau,” before “the Secretary”. See Effective Date of 2010 Amendment note below.

**1996**—Pub. L. 104–208 substituted “section 2605, 2607, or 2608 of this title” for “section 2607 or 2608 of this title” and “within 3 years in the case of a violation of section 2605 of this title and 1 year in the case of a violation of section 2607 or 2608 of this title” for “within one year”.

**1983**—Pub. L. 98–181 amended section generally, striking out a reference to section 2605 of this title, and inserting provision allowing action in district where violation is alleged to have occurred, and provision relating to time limitations in actions brought by the Secretary, the Attorney General of any State, or the insurance commissioner of any State.

Amendment by Pub. L. 111–203 effective on the designated transfer date, see section 1100H of Pub. L. 111–203, set out as a note under section 552a of Title 5, Government Organization and Employees.

Amendment by Pub. L. 98–181 effective Jan. 1, 1984, see section 461(f) of Pub. L. 98–181, set out as a note under section 2602 of this title.