    [United States Statutes at Large, Volume 133, 116th Congress, 1st Session]
    [From the U.S. Government Publishing Office, www.gpo.gov]

    Public Law 116-72
    116th Congress

    An Act

    To revise section 48 of title 18, United States Code, and for other
    purposes. <>

    Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the
    United States of America in Congress assembled, <>
    SECTION 1. <>  SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Preventing Animal Cruelty and Torture
    Act'' or the ``PACT Act''.
    SEC. 2. REVISION OF SECTION 48.

    (a) In General.--Section 48 of title 18, United States Code, is
    amended to read as follows:
    ``Sec. 48. Animal crushing

    ``(a) Offenses.--
    ``(1) Crushing.--It shall be unlawful for any person to
    purposely engage in animal crushing in or affecting interstate
    or foreign commerce or within the special maritime and
    territorial jurisdiction of the United States.
    ``(2) Creation of animal crush videos.--It shall be unlawful
    for any person to knowingly create an animal crush video, if--
    ``(A) the person intends or has reason to know that
    the animal crush video will be distributed in, or using
    a means or facility of, interstate or foreign commerce;
    or
    ``(B) the animal crush video is distributed in, or
    using a means or facility of, interstate or foreign
    commerce.
    ``(3) Distribution of animal crush videos.--It shall be
    unlawful for any person to knowingly sell, market, advertise,
    exchange, or distribute an animal crush video in, or using a
    means or facility of, interstate or foreign commerce.

    ``(b) Extraterritorial Application.--This section applies to the
    knowing sale, marketing, advertising, exchange, distribution, or
    creation of an animal crush video outside of the United States, if--
    ``(1) the person engaging in such conduct intends or has
    reason to know that the animal crush video will be transported
    into the United States or its territories or possessions; or
    ``(2) the animal crush video is transported into the United
    States or its territories or possessions.

    ``(c) Penalties.--Whoever violates this section shall be fined under
    this title, imprisoned for not more than 7 years, or both.
    ``(d) Exceptions.--

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    ``(1) In general.--This section does not apply with regard
    to any conduct, or a visual depiction of that conduct, that is--
    ``(A) a customary and normal veterinary,
    agricultural husbandry, or other animal management
    practice;
    ``(B) the slaughter of animals for food;
    ``(C) hunting, trapping, fishing, a sporting
    activity not otherwise prohibited by Federal law,
    predator control, or pest control;
    ``(D) medical or scientific research;
    ``(E) necessary to protect the life or property of a
    person; or
    ``(F) performed as part of euthanizing an animal.
    ``(2) Good-faith distribution.--This section does not apply
    to the good-faith distribution of an animal crush video to--
    ``(A) a law enforcement agency; or
    ``(B) a third party for the sole purpose of analysis
    to determine if referral to a law enforcement agency is
    appropriate.
    ``(3) Unintentional conduct.--This section does not apply to
    unintentional conduct that injures or kills an animal.
    ``(4) Consistency with rfra.--This section shall be enforced
    in a manner that is consistent with section 3 of the Religious
    Freedom Restoration Act of 1993 (42 U.S.C. 2000bb-1).

    ``(e) No Preemption.--Nothing in this section shall be construed to
    preempt the law of any State or local subdivision thereof to protect
    animals.
    ``(f) Definitions.--In this section--
    ``(1) the term `animal crushing' means actual conduct in
    which one or more living non-human mammals, birds, reptiles, or
    amphibians is purposely crushed, burned, drowned, suffocated,
    impaled, or otherwise subjected to serious bodily injury (as
    defined in section 1365 and including conduct that, if committed
    against a person and in the special maritime and territorial
    jurisdiction of the United States, would violate section 2241 or
    2242);
    ``(2) the term `animal crush video' means any photograph,
    motion-picture film, video or digital recording, or electronic
    image that--
    ``(A) depicts animal crushing; and
    ``(B) is obscene; and
    ``(3) the term `euthanizing an animal' means the humane
    destruction of an animal accomplished by a method that--
    ``(A) produces rapid unconsciousness and subsequent
    death without evidence of pain or distress; or
    ``(B) uses anesthesia produced by an agent that
    causes painless loss of consciousness and subsequent
    death.''.

    (b) Technical and Conforming Amendment.--The table of sections for
    chapter 3 of title 18, United States Code, <> is
    amended by striking the item relating to section 48 and inserting the
    following:

    ``48. Animal crushing.''.

    SEC. 3. DETERMINATION OF BUDGETARY EFFECTS.

    The budgetary effects of this Act, and the amendments made by this
    Act, for the purpose of complying with the Statutory Pay-

    [[Page 1153]]

    As-You-Go Act of 2010, shall be determined by reference to the latest
    statement titled ``Budgetary Effects of PAYGO Legislation'' for this
    Act, submitted for printing in the Congressional Record by the Chairman
    of the House Budget Committee, provided that such statement has been
    submitted prior to the vote on passage.

    Approved November 25, 2019.

    LEGISLATIVE HISTORY--H.R. 724:
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    CONGRESSIONAL RECORD, Vol. 165 (2019):
    Oct. 22, considered and passed House.
    Nov. 5, considered and passed Senate.
    DAILY COMPILATION OF PRESIDENTIAL DOCUMENTS (2019):
    Nov. 25, Presidential remarks.