    [United States Statutes at Large, Volume 132, 115th Congress, 2nd Session]
    [From the U.S. Government Publishing Office, www.gpo.gov]

    Public Law 115-267
    115th Congress

    An Act

    To amend the Missing Children's Assistance Act, and for other
    purposes. <>

    Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the
    United States of America in Congress assembled, <>
    SECTION 1. <>  SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Missing Children's Assistance Act of
    2018''.
    SEC. 2. IMPROVING SUPPORT FOR MISSING AND EXPLOITED CHILDREN.

    (a) Findings.--Section 402 of the Missing Children's Assistance Act
    (34 U.S.C. 11291) is amended--
    (1) by amending paragraph (1) to read as follows:
    ``(1) each year tens of thousands of children run away, or
    are abducted or removed, from the control of a parent having
    legal custody without the consent of that parent, under
    circumstances which immediately place the child in grave
    danger;'';
    (2) by striking paragraphs (4), (5), and (9);
    (3) by redesignating paragraphs (6), (7), (8), and (10) as
    paragraphs (4), (5), (6), and (7), respectively;
    (4) in paragraph (4), as so redesignated, by inserting ``,
    including child sex trafficking and sextortion'' after
    ``exploitation'';
    (5) in paragraph (6), as so redesignated, by adding ``and''
    at the end; and
    (6) by amending paragraph (7), as so redesignated, to read
    as follows:
    ``(7) the Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency
    Prevention administers programs under this title, including
    programs that prevent and address offenses committed against
    vulnerable children and support missing children's
    organizations, including the National Center for Missing and
    Exploited Children that--
    ``(A) serves as a nonprofit, national resource
    center and clearinghouse to provide assistance to
    victims, families, child-serving professionals, and the
    general public;
    ``(B) works with the Department of Justice, the
    Federal Bureau of Investigation, the United States
    Marshals Service, the Department of the Treasury, the
    Department of State, U.S. Immigration and Customs
    Enforcement, the United States Secret Service, the
    United States Postal Inspection Service, other agencies,
    and nongovernmental organizations in the effort to find
    missing children and to prevent child victimization; and

    [[Page 3757]]

    ``(C) <>  coordinates with each
    of the missing children clearinghouses operated by the
    50 States, the District of Columbia, Puerto Rico, and
    international organizations to transmit images and
    information regarding missing and exploited children to
    law enforcement agencies, nongovernmental organizations,
    and corporate partners across the United States and
    around the world instantly.''.

    (b) Definitions.--Section 403 of the Missing Children's Assistance
    Act (34 U.S.C. 11292) is amended--
    (1) by striking paragraph (1) and inserting the following:
    ``(1) the term `missing child' means any individual less
    than 18 years of age whose whereabouts are unknown to such
    individual's parent;'';
    (2) in paragraph (2), by striking ``and'' at the end;
    (3) in paragraph (3), by striking the period at the end and
    inserting ``; and''; and
    (4) by adding at the end the following:
    ``(4) the term `parent' includes a legal guardian or other
    individual who may lawfully exercise parental rights with
    respect to the child.''.

    (c) Duties and Functions of the Administrator.--Section 404 of the
    Missing Children's Assistance Act (34 U.S.C. 11293) is amended--
    (1) in subsection (a)--
    (A) in paragraph (3), by striking ``telephone line''
    and inserting ``hotline''; and
    (B) in paragraph (6)(E)--
    (i) by striking ``telephone line'' and
    inserting ``hotline'';
    (ii) by striking ``(b)(1)(A) and'' and
    inserting ``(b)(1)(A),''; and
    (iii) by inserting ``, and the number and
    types of reports to the tipline established under
    subsection (b)(1)(K)(i)'' before the semicolon at
    the end;
    (2) in subsection (b)(1)--
    (A) in subparagraph (A)--
    (i) by striking ``telephone line'' each place
    it appears and inserting ``hotline''; and
    (ii) by striking ``legal custodian'' and
    inserting ``parent'';
    (B) in subparagraph (C)--
    (i) in clause (i)--
    (I) by striking ``restaurant'' and
    inserting ``food''; and
    (II) by striking ``and'' at the end;
    (ii) in clause (ii) by adding ``and'' at the
    end; and
    (iii) by adding at the end the following:
    ``(iii) innovative and model programs,
    services, and legislation that benefit missing and
    exploited children;'';
    (C) by striking subparagraphs (E), (F), (G), (L),
    (M), (P) and (R);
    (D) by redesignating subparagraphs (H) through (K)
    as subparagraphs (E) through (H), respectively;
    (E) by redesignating subparagraphs (N) and (O) as
    subparagraphs (I) and (J), respectively;

    [[Page 3758]]

    (F) by redesignating subparagraph (Q) as
    subparagraph (K);
    (G) by redesignating subparagraphs (S) through (V)
    as subparagraphs (L) through (O), respectively;
    (H) by amending subparagraph (E), as so
    redesignated, to read as follows:
    ``(E) provide technical assistance and training to
    families, law enforcement agencies, State and local
    governments, elements of the criminal justice system,
    nongovernmental agencies, local educational agencies,
    and the general public--
    ``(i) in the prevention, investigation,
    prosecution, and treatment of cases involving
    missing and exploited children;
    ``(ii) <>  to respond to
    foster children missing from the State child
    welfare system in coordination with child welfare
    agencies and courts handling juvenile justice and
    dependency matters; and
    ``(iii) in the identification, location, and
    recovery of victims of, and children at risk for,
    child sex trafficking;'';
    (I) by amending subparagraphs (F), (G), and (H), as
    so redesignated, to read as follows:
    ``(F) <>  provide assistance to
    families, law enforcement agencies, State and local
    governments, nongovernmental agencies, child-serving
    professionals, and other individuals involved in the
    location and recovery of missing and abducted children
    nationally and, in cooperation with the Department of
    State, internationally;
    ``(G) provide support and technical assistance to
    child-serving professionals involved in helping to
    recover missing and exploited children by searching
    public records databases to help in the identification,
    location, and recovery of such children, and help in the
    location and identification of potential abductors and
    offenders;
    ``(H) <>  provide forensic and
    direct on-site technical assistance and consultation to
    families, law enforcement agencies, child-serving
    professionals, and nongovernmental organizations in
    child abduction and exploitation cases, including facial
    reconstruction of skeletal remains and similar
    techniques to assist in the identification of
    unidentified deceased children;'';
    (J) by amending subparagraph (I), as so
    redesignated, to read as follows:
    ``(I) provide training, technical assistance, and
    information to nongovernmental organizations relating to
    non-compliant sex offenders and to law enforcement
    agencies in identifying and locating such
    individuals;'';
    (K) by amending subparagraph (K), as so
    redesignated, to read as follows:
    ``(K) work with families, law enforcement agencies,
    electronic service providers, electronic payment service
    providers, technology companies, nongovernmental
    organizations, and others on methods to reduce the
    existence and distribution of online images and videos
    of sexually exploited children--
    ``(i) by operating a tipline to--

    [[Page 3759]]

    ``(I) provide to individuals and
    electronic service providers an
    effective means of reporting internet-
    related and other instances of child
    sexual exploitation in the areas of--
    ``(aa) possession,
    manufacture, and distribution of
    child pornography;
    ``(bb) online enticement of
    children for sexual acts;
    ``(cc) child sex
    trafficking;
    ``(dd) sex tourism involving
    children;
    ``(ee) extra-familial child
    sexual molestation;
    ``(ff) unsolicited obscene
    material sent to a child;
    ``(gg) misleading domain
    names; and
    ``(hh) misleading words or
    digital images on the internet;
    and
    ``(II) make reports received through
    the tipline available to the appropriate
    law enforcement agency for its review
    and potential investigation;
    ``(ii) by operating a child victim
    identification program to assist law enforcement
    agencies in identifying victims of child
    pornography and other sexual crimes to support the
    recovery of children from sexually exploitative
    situations; and
    ``(iii) by utilizing emerging technologies to
    provide additional outreach and educational
    materials to parents and families;''; and
    (L) by amending subparagraphs (L) and (M), as so
    redesignated, to read as follows:
    ``(L) develop and disseminate programs and
    information to families, child-serving professionals,
    law enforcement agencies, State and local governments,
    nongovernmental organizations, schools, local
    educational agencies, child-serving organizations, and
    the general public on--
    ``(i) the prevention of child abduction and
    sexual exploitation;
    ``(ii) internet safety, including tips for
    social media and cyberbullying; and
    ``(iii) sexting and sextortion;
    ``(M) provide technical assistance and training to
    local educational agencies, schools, State and local law
    enforcement agencies, individuals, and other
    nongovernmental organizations that assist with finding
    missing and abducted children in identifying and
    recovering such children;''.

    (d) Grants.--Section 405 of the Missing Children's Assistance Act
    (34 U.S.C. 11294) is amended--
    (1) in subsection (a)--
    (A) in paragraph (7), by striking ``(as defined in
    section 403(1)(A))''; and
    (B) in paragraph (8)--
    (i) by striking ``legal custodians'' and
    inserting ``parents''; and
    (ii) by striking ``custodians' '' and
    inserting ``parents' ''; and
    (2) in subsection (b)(1)(A), by striking ``legal
    custodians'' and inserting ``parents''.

    [[Page 3760]]

    (e) Reporting.--The Missing Children's Assistance Act (34 U.S.C.
    11291 et seq.) is amended--
    (1) by redesignating sections 407 and 408 as sections 408
    and 409, respectively; and
    (2) by inserting after section 406 (34 U.S.C. 11295) the
    following:
    ``SEC. 407. <>  REPORTING.

    ``(a) Required Reporting. <> --As a
    condition of receiving funds under section 404(b), the grant recipient
    shall, based solely on reports received by the grantee and not involving
    any data collection by the grantee other than those reports, annually
    provide to the Administrator and make available to the general public,
    as appropriate--
    ``(1) the number of children nationwide who are reported to
    the grantee as missing;
    ``(2) the number of children nationwide who are reported to
    the grantee as victims of non-family abductions;
    ``(3) the number of children nationwide who are reported to
    the grantee as victims of family abductions; and
    ``(4) the number of missing children recovered nationwide
    whose recovery was reported to the grantee.

    ``(b) Incidence of Attempted Child Abductions.--As a condition of
    receiving funds under section 404(b), the grant recipient shall--
    ``(1) track the incidence of attempted child abductions in
    order to identify links and patterns;
    ``(2) provide such information to law enforcement agencies;
    and
    ``(3) <>  make such information
    available to the general public, as appropriate.''.
    SEC. 3. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS; AUDIT REQUIREMENT.

    (a) Authorization of Appropriations.--Section 409(a) of the Missing
    Children's Assistance Act, as so redesignated by section 2, is amended
    by striking ``2018'' and inserting ``2023''.
    (b) Audit Requirement.--Section 408(1) of the Missing Children's
    Assistance Act, as so redesignated by section 2, is amended by striking
    ``2018'' and inserting ``2023''.
    SEC. 4. <>  EFFECTIVE DATE; APPLICATION
    OF AMENDMENTS.

    (a) Effective Date.--Except as provided in subsection (b), this Act
    and the amendments made by this Act shall take effect on the date of the
    enactment of this Act.

    [[Page 3761]]

    (b) Application of Amendments.--The amendments made by section 2
    shall apply with respect to fiscal years that begin after September 30,
    2018.

    Approved October 11, 2018.

    LEGISLATIVE HISTORY--S. 3354:
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    CONGRESSIONAL RECORD, Vol. 164 (2018):
    Sept. 27, considered and passed Senate.
    Sept. 28, considered and passed House.