    [United States Statutes at Large, Volume 132, 115th Congress, 2nd Session]
    [From the U.S. Government Publishing Office, www.gpo.gov]

    Public Law 115-368
    115th Congress

    An Act

    To provide for a coordinated Federal program to accelerate quantum
    research and development for the economic and national security of the
    United States. <>

    Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the
    United States of America in Congress assembled, <>
    SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE; TABLE OF CONTENTS.

    (a) <>  Short Title.--This Act may be cited
    as the ``National Quantum Initiative Act''.

    (b) Table of Contents.--The table of contents of this Act is as
    follows:

    Sec. 1. Short title; table of contents.
    Sec. 2. Definitions.
    Sec. 3. Purposes.

    TITLE I--NATIONAL QUANTUM INITIATIVE

    Sec. 101. National Quantum Initiative Program.
    Sec. 102. National Quantum Coordination Office.
    Sec. 103. Subcommittee on Quantum Information Science.
    Sec. 104. National Quantum Initiative Advisory Committee.
    Sec. 105. Sunset.

    TITLE II--NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS AND TECHNOLOGY QUANTUM
    ACTIVITIES

    Sec. 201. National Institute of Standards and Technology activities and
    quantum consortium.

    TITLE III--NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION QUANTUM ACTIVITIES

    Sec. 301. Quantum information science research and education program.
    Sec. 302. Multidisciplinary Centers for Quantum Research and Education.

    TITLE IV--DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY QUANTUM ACTIVITIES

    Sec. 401. Quantum Information Science Research program.
    Sec. 402. National Quantum Information Science Research Centers.

    SEC. 2. <>  DEFINITIONS.

    In this Act:
    (1) Advisory committee.--The term ``Advisory Committee''
    means the National Quantum Initiative Advisory Committee
    established under section 104(a).
    (2) Appropriate committees of congress.--The term
    ``appropriate committees of Congress'' means--
    (A) the Committee on Commerce, Science, and
    Transportation of the Senate;
    (B) the Committee on Energy and Natural Resources of
    the Senate; and
    (C) the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology
    of the House of Representatives.

    [[Page 5093]]

    (3) Coordination office.--The term ``Coordination Office''
    means the National Quantum Coordination Office established under
    section 102(a).
    (4) Institution of higher education.--The term ``institution
    of higher education'' has the meaning given the term in section
    101(a) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1001(a)).
    (5) Program.--The term ``Program'' means the National
    Quantum Initiative Program implemented under section 101(a).
    (6) Quantum information science.--The term ``quantum
    information science'' means the use of the laws of quantum
    physics for the storage, transmission, manipulation, computing,
    or measurement of information.
    (7) Subcommittee.--The term ``Subcommittee'' means the
    Subcommittee on Quantum Information Science of the National
    Science and Technology Council established under section 103(a).
    SEC. 3. <>  PURPOSES.

    The purpose of this Act is to ensure the continued leadership of the
    United States in quantum information science and its technology
    applications by--
    (1) supporting research, development, demonstration, and
    application of quantum information science and technology--
    (A) to expand the number of researchers, educators,
    and students with training in quantum information
    science and technology to develop a workforce pipeline;
    (B) to promote the development and inclusion of
    multidisciplinary curriculum and research opportunities
    for quantum information science at the undergraduate,
    graduate, and postdoctoral level;
    (C) to address basic research knowledge gaps,
    including computational research gaps;
    (D) to promote the further development of facilities
    and centers available for quantum information science
    and technology research, testing and education; and
    (E) to stimulate research on and promote more rapid
    development of quantum-based technologies;
    (2) improving the interagency planning and coordination of
    Federal research and development of quantum information science
    and technology;
    (3) maximizing the effectiveness of the Federal Government's
    quantum information science and technology research,
    development, and demonstration programs;
    (4) promoting collaboration among the Federal Government,
    Federal laboratories, industry, and universities; and
    (5) promoting the development of international standards for
    quantum information science and technology security--
    (A) to facilitate technology innovation and private
    sector commercialization; and
    (B) to meet economic and national security goals.

    [[Page 5094]]

    TITLE I--NATIONAL QUANTUM INITIATIVE

    SEC. 101. <>  NATIONAL QUANTUM
    INITIATIVE PROGRAM.

    (a) In General.--The President shall implement a National Quantum
    Initiative Program.
    (b) Requirements.--In carrying out the Program, the President,
    acting through Federal agencies, councils, working groups,
    subcommittees, and the Coordination Office, as the President considers
    appropriate, shall--
    (1) establish the goals, priorities, and metrics for a 10-
    year plan to accelerate development of quantum information
    science and technology applications in the United States;
    (2) invest in fundamental Federal quantum information
    science and technology research, development, demonstration, and
    other activities to achieve the goals established under
    paragraph (1);
    (3) invest in activities to develop a quantum information
    science and technology workforce pipeline;
    (4) provide for interagency planning and coordination of
    Federal quantum information science and technology research,
    development, demonstration, standards engagement, and other
    activities under the Program;
    (5) partner with industry and universities to leverage
    knowledge and resources; and
    (6) leverage existing Federal investments efficiently to
    advance Program goals and priorities established under paragraph
    (1).
    SEC. 102. <>  NATIONAL QUANTUM COORDINATION
    OFFICE.

    (a) Establishment.--
    (1) In general <> .--The President shall
    establish a National Quantum Coordination Office.
    (2) Administration.--The Coordination Office shall have--
    (A) <>  a Director
    appointed by the Director of the Office of Science and
    Technology Policy, in consultation with the Secretary of
    Commerce, the Director of the National Science
    Foundation, and the Secretary of Energy; and
    (B) staff comprised of employees detailed from the
    Federal departments and agencies described in section
    103(b).

    (b) Responsibilities.--The Coordination Office shall--
    (1) provide technical and administrative support to--
    (A) the Subcommittee; and
    (B) the Advisory Committee;
    (2) oversee interagency coordination of the Program,
    including by encouraging and supporting joint agency
    solicitation and selection of applications for funding of
    activities under the Program;
    (3) serve as the point of contact on Federal civilian
    quantum information science and technology activities for
    Federal departments and agencies, industry, universities
    professional societies, State governments, and such other
    persons as the Coordination Office considers appropriate to
    exchange technical and programmatic information;
    (4) ensure coordination among the collaborative ventures or
    consortia established under section 201(a), Multidisciplinary

    [[Page 5095]]

    Centers for Quantum Research and Education established under
    section 302(a), and the National Quantum Information Science
    Research Centers established under section 402(a);
    (5) conduct public outreach, including the dissemination of
    findings and recommendations of the Advisory Committee, as
    appropriate;
    (6) promote access to and early application of the
    technologies, innovations, and expertise derived from Program
    activities to agency missions and systems across the Federal
    Government, and to industry, including startup companies; and
    (7) promote access, through appropriate Federal Government
    agencies, and an open and competitive merit-reviewed process, to
    existing quantum computing and communication systems developed
    by industry, universities, and Federal laboratories to the
    general user community in pursuit of discovery of the new
    applications of such systems.

    (c) Funding.--Funds necessary to carry out the activities of the
    Coordination Office shall be made available each fiscal year by the
    Federal departments and agencies described in section 103(b), as
    determined by the Director of the Office of Science and Technology
    Policy.
    SEC. 103. <>  SUBCOMMITTEE ON QUANTUM
    INFORMATION SCIENCE.

    (a) Establishment <> .--The President shall
    establish, through the National Science and Technology Council, the
    Subcommittee on Quantum Information Science.

    (b) Membership.--The Subcommittee shall include a representative
    of--
    (1) the National Institute of Standards and Technology;
    (2) the National Science Foundation;
    (3) the Department of Energy;
    (4) the National Aeronautics and Space Administration;
    (5) the Department of Defense;
    (6) the Office of the Director of National Intelligence;
    (7) the Office of Management and Budget;
    (8) the Office of Science and Technology Policy; and
    (9) such other Federal department or agency as the President
    considers appropriate.

    (c) Chairpersons.--The Subcommittee shall be jointly chaired by the
    Director of the National Institute of Standards and Technology, the
    Director of the National Science Foundation, and the Secretary of
    Energy.
    (d) Responsibilities <> .--The Subcommittee
    shall--
    (1) <>  coordinate the quantum
    information science and technology research, information sharing
    about international standards development and use, and education
    activities and programs of the Federal agencies;
    (2) establish goals and priorities of the Program, based on
    identified knowledge and workforce gaps and other national
    needs;
    (3) <>  assess and recommend
    Federal infrastructure needs to support the Program;
    (4) assess the status, development, and diversity of the
    United States quantum information science workforce;
    (5) assess the global outlook for quantum information
    science research and development efforts;

    [[Page 5096]]

    (6) <>  evaluate opportunities for
    international cooperation with strategic allies on research and
    development in quantum information science and technology; and
    (7) <>  propose a coordinated interagency
    budget for the Program to the Office of Management and Budget to
    ensure the maintenance of a balanced quantum information science
    research portfolio and an appropriate level of research effort.

    (e) Strategic Plans <> .--In order to guide the
    activities of the Program and meet the goals, priorities, and
    anticipated outcomes of the Federal departments and agencies described
    in subsection (b), the Subcommittee shall--
    (1) not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of
    this Act, develop a 5-year strategic plan;
    (2) not later than 6 years after the date of enactment of
    this Act, develop a subsequent 5-year strategic plan; and
    (3) periodically update each plan, as necessary.

    (f) Submittal to Congress.--The chairpersons of the Subcommittee
    shall submit to the President, the Advisory Committee, and the
    appropriate committees of Congress each strategic plan developed under
    subsection (e) and any updates thereto.
    (g) Annual Program Budget Report.--
    (1) In general.--Each year, concurrent with the annual
    budget request submitted by the President to Congress under
    section 1105 of title 31, United States Code, the chairpersons
    of the Subcommittee shall submit to the appropriate committees
    of Congress and such other committees of Congress as the
    chairpersons deem appropriate a report on the budget for the
    Program.
    (2) Contents.--Each report submitted under paragraph (1)
    shall include the following:
    (A) The budget of the Program for the current fiscal
    year, for each Federal department and agency described
    in subsection (b).
    (B) The budget proposed for the Program for the next
    fiscal year, for each Federal department and agency
    described in subsection (b).
    (C) <>  An analysis of the progress
    made toward achieving the goals and priorities
    established under subsection (d)(2).
    SEC. 104. <>  NATIONAL QUANTUM INITIATIVE
    ADVISORY COMMITTEE.

    (a) In General <> .--The President shall establish
    a National Quantum Initiative Advisory Committee.

    (b) Qualifications <> .--The
    Advisory Committee shall consist of members, appointed by the President,
    who are representative of industry, universities, and Federal
    laboratories and are qualified to provide advice and information on
    quantum information science and technology research, development,
    demonstrations, standards, education, technology transfer, commercial
    application, or national security and economic concerns.

    (c) Membership Consideration <> .--In selecting
    the members of the Advisory Committee, the President may seek and give
    consideration to recommendations from the Congress, industry, the
    scientific community (including the National Academy of Sciences,
    scientific professional societies, and universities), the defense
    community, and other appropriate organizations.

    (d) Duties.--

    [[Page 5097]]

    (1) In general <> .--The Advisory
    Committee shall advise the President and the Subcommittee and
    make recommendations for the President to consider when
    reviewing and revising the Program.
    (2) Independent assessments.--The Advisory Committee shall
    conduct periodic, independent assessments of--
    (A) any trends or developments in quantum
    information science and technology;
    (B) the progress made in implementing the Program;
    (C) the management, coordination, implementation,
    and activities of the Program;
    (D) whether the Program activities and the goals and
    priorities established under section 103(d)(2) are
    helping to maintain United States leadership in quantum
    information science and technology;
    (E) whether a need exists to revise the Program;
    (F) whether opportunities exist for international
    cooperation with strategic allies on research and
    development in, and the development of open standards
    for, quantum information science and technology; and
    (G) whether national security, societal, economic,
    legal, and workforce concerns are adequately addressed
    by the Program.

    (e) Reports <> .--Not later than 180 days
    after the date of enactment of this Act, and at least biennially
    thereafter, the Advisory Committee shall submit to the President, the
    appropriate committees of Congress, and such other committees of
    Congress as the Advisory Committee deems appropriate a report on the
    findings of the independent assessment under subsection (d), including
    any recommendations for improvements to the Program.

    (f) Travel Expenses of Non-Federal Members.--Non-Federal members of
    the Advisory Committee, while attending meetings of the Advisory
    Committee or while otherwise serving at the request of the head of the
    Advisory Committee away from their homes or regular places of business,
    may be allowed travel expenses, including per diem in lieu of
    subsistence, as authorized by section 5703 of title 5, United States
    Code, for individuals in the Government serving without pay. Nothing in
    this subsection shall be construed to prohibit members of the Advisory
    Committee who are officers or employees of the United States from being
    allowed travel expenses, including per diem in lieu of subsistence, in
    accordance with existing law.
    (g) FACA Exemption.--The Advisory Committee shall be exempt from
    section 14 of the Federal Advisory Committee Act (5 U.S.C. App.).
    SEC. 105. <>  SUNSET.

    (a) In General.--Except as provided in subsection (b), the authority
    to carry out sections 101, 102, 103, and 104 shall terminate on the date
    that is 11 years after the date of enactment of this Act.
    (b) Extension <> .--The President
    may continue the activities under such sections if the President
    determines that such activities are necessary to meet national economic
    or national security needs.

    [[Page 5098]]

    TITLE II--NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS AND TECHNOLOGY QUANTUM
    ACTIVITIES

    SEC. 201. <>  NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS
    AND TECHNOLOGY ACTIVITIES AND QUANTUM
    CONSORTIUM.

    (a) National Institute of Standards and Technology Activities.--As
    part of the Program, the Director of the National Institute of Standards
    and Technology--
    (1) shall continue to support and expand basic and applied
    quantum information science and technology research and
    development of measurement and standards infrastructure
    necessary to advance commercial development of quantum
    applications;
    (2) <>  shall use the existing
    programs of the National Institute of Standards and Technology,
    in collaboration with other Federal departments and agencies, as
    appropriate, to train scientists in quantum information science
    and technology to increase participation in the quantum fields;
    (3) shall establish or expand collaborative ventures or
    consortia with other public or private sector entities,
    including industry, universities, and Federal laboratories for
    the purpose of advancing the field of quantum information
    science and engineering; and
    (4) <>  may enter into and perform
    such contracts, including cooperative research and development
    arrangements and grants and cooperative agreements or other
    transactions, as may be necessary in the conduct of the work of
    the National Institute of Standards and Technology and on such
    terms as the Director considers appropriate, in furtherance of
    the purposes of this Act.

    (b) Quantum Consortium.--
    (1) In general <> .--Not later than 1 year
    after the date of enactment of this Act, the Director of the
    National Institute of Standards and Technology shall convene a
    consortium of stakeholders to identify the future measurement,
    standards, cybersecurity, and other appropriate needs for
    supporting the development of a robust quantum information
    science and technology industry in the United States.
    (2) Goals.--The goals of the consortium shall be--
    (A) <>  to assess the current
    research on the needs identified in paragraph (1);
    (B) to identify any gaps in the research necessary
    to meet the needs identified in paragraph (1); and
    (C) <>  to provide
    recommendations on how the National Institute of
    Standards and Technology and the Program can address the
    gaps in the necessary research identified in
    subparagraph (B).
    (3) Report to congress.--Not later than 2 years after the
    date of enactment of this Act, the Director of the National
    Institute of Standards and Technology shall submit to the
    Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation of the Senate
    and the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology of the House
    of Representatives a report summarizing the findings of the
    consortium.

    [[Page 5099]]

    (c) Funding.--The Director of the National Institute of Standards
    and Technology shall allocate up to $80,000,000 to carry out the
    activities under this section for each of fiscal years 2019 through
    2023, subject to the availability of appropriations. Amounts made
    available to carry out this section shall be derived from amounts
    appropriated or otherwise made available to the National Institute of
    Standards and Technology.

    TITLE III--NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION QUANTUM ACTIVITIES

    SEC. 301. <>  QUANTUM INFORMATION SCIENCE
    RESEARCH AND EDUCATION PROGRAM.

    (a) In General <> .--The Director of the National
    Science Foundation shall carry out a basic research and education
    program on quantum information science and engineering, including the
    competitive award of grants to institutions of higher education or
    eligible nonprofit organizations (or consortia thereof).

    (b) Program Components.--
    (1) In general.--In carrying out the program under
    subsection (a), the Director of the National Science Foundation
    shall carry out activities that--
    (A) support basic interdisciplinary quantum
    information science and engineering research; and
    (B) support human resources development in all
    aspects of quantum information science and engineering.
    (2) Requirements.--The activities described in paragraph (1)
    shall include--
    (A) <>  using the existing
    programs of the National Science Foundation, in
    collaboration with other Federal departments and
    agencies, as appropriate--
    (i) to improve the teaching and learning of
    quantum information science and engineering at the
    undergraduate, graduate, and postgraduate levels;
    and
    (ii) to increase participation in the quantum
    fields, including by individuals identified in
    sections 33 and 34 of the Science and Engineering
    Equal Opportunities Act (42 U.S.C. 1885a, 1885b);
    (B) formulating goals for quantum information
    science and engineering research and education
    activities to be supported by the National Science
    Foundation;
    (C) leveraging the collective body of knowledge from
    existing quantum information science and engineering
    research and education activities;
    (D) <>  coordinating research
    efforts funded through existing programs across the
    directorates of the National Science Foundation; and
    (E) engaging with other Federal departments and
    agencies, research communities, and potential users of
    information produced under this section.

    (c) Graduate Traineeships.--The Director of the National Science
    Foundation may establish a program to provide traineeships to graduate
    students at institutions of higher education within the United States
    who are citizens of the United States and who choose to pursue masters
    or doctoral degrees in quantum information science.

    [[Page 5100]]

    SEC. 302. <>  MULTIDISCIPLINARY CENTERS FOR
    QUANTUM RESEARCH AND EDUCATION.

    (a) In General <> .--The Director of
    the National Science Foundation, in consultation with other Federal
    departments and agencies, as appropriate, shall award grants to
    institutions of higher education or eligible nonprofit organizations (or
    consortia thereof) to establish at least 2, but not more than 5,
    Multidisciplinary Centers for Quantum Research and Education (referred
    to in this section as ``Centers'').

    (b) Collaborations.--A collaboration receiving an award under this
    subsection may include institutions of higher education, nonprofit
    organizations, and private sector entities.
    (c) Purpose.--The purpose of the Centers shall be to conduct basic
    research and education activities in support of the goals and priorities
    established under section 103(d)(2), including by--
    (1) continuing to advance quantum information science and
    engineering;
    (2) supporting curriculum and workforce development in
    quantum information science and engineering; and
    (3) fostering innovation by bringing industry perspectives
    to quantum research and workforce development, including by
    leveraging industry knowledge and resources.

    (d) Requirements.--
    (1) In general.--An institution of higher education or an
    eligible nonprofit organization (or a consortium thereof)
    seeking funding under this section shall submit an application
    to the Director of the National Science Foundation at such time,
    in such manner, and containing such information as the Director
    may require.
    (2) Applications.--Each application under paragraph (1)
    shall include a description of--
    (A) how the Center will work with other research
    institutions and industry partners to leverage expertise
    in quantum science, education and curriculum
    development, and technology transfer;
    (B) how the Center will promote active collaboration
    among researchers in multiple disciplines involved in
    quantum research, including physics, engineering,
    mathematics, computer science, chemistry, and material
    science;
    (C) how the Center will support long-term and short-
    term workforce development in the quantum field;
    (D) how the Center can support an innovation
    ecosystem to work with industry to translate Center
    research into applications; and
    (E) a long-term plan to become self-sustaining after
    the expiration of funding under this section.

    (e) Selection and Duration.--
    (1) In general.--Each Center established under this section
    is authorized to carry out activities for a period of 5 years.
    (2) Reapplication.--An awardee may reapply for additional,
    subsequent periods of 5 years on a competitive, merit-reviewed
    basis.
    (3) Termination.--Consistent with the authorities of the
    National Science Foundation, the Director of the National
    Science Foundation may terminate an underperforming Center for
    cause during the performance period.

    [[Page 5101]]

    (f) Funding.--The Director of the National Science Foundation shall
    allocate up to $10,000,000 for each Center established under this
    section for each of fiscal years 2019 through 2023, subject to the
    availability of appropriations. Amounts made available to carry out this
    section shall be derived from amounts appropriated or otherwise made
    available to the National Science Foundation.

    TITLE IV--DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY QUANTUM ACTIVITIES

    SEC. 401. <>  QUANTUM INFORMATION SCIENCE
    RESEARCH PROGRAM.

    (a) In General.--The Secretary of Energy shall carry out a basic
    research program on quantum information science.
    (b) Program Components.--In carrying out the program under
    subsection (a), the Secretary of Energy shall--
    (1) formulate goals for quantum information science research
    to be supported by the Department of Energy;
    (2) leverage the collective body of knowledge from existing
    quantum information science research;
    (3) provide research experiences and training for additional
    undergraduate and graduate students in quantum information
    science, including in the fields of--
    (A) quantum information theory;
    (B) quantum physics;
    (C) quantum computational science;
    (D) applied mathematics and algorithm development;
    (E) quantum networking;
    (F) quantum sensing and detection; and
    (G) materials science and engineering;
    (4) <>  coordinate research efforts
    funded through existing programs across the Department of
    Energy, including--
    (A) the Nanoscale Science Research Centers;
    (B) the Energy Frontier Research Centers;
    (C) the Energy Innovation Hubs;
    (D) the National Laboratories;
    (E) the Advanced Research Projects Agency; and
    (F) the National Quantum Information Science
    Research Centers; and
    (5) <>  coordinate with other Federal
    departments and agencies, research communities, and potential
    users of information produced under this section.
    SEC. 402. <>  NATIONAL QUANTUM INFORMATION
    SCIENCE RESEARCH CENTERS.

    (a) Establishment.--
    (1) In general <> .--The Secretary of
    Energy, acting through the Director of the Office of Science
    (referred to in this section as the ``Director''), shall ensure
    that the Office of Science carries out a program, in
    consultation with other Federal departments and agencies, as
    appropriate, to establish and operate at least 2, but not more
    than 5, National Quantum Information Science Research Centers
    (referred to in this section as ``Centers'') to conduct basic
    research to accelerate scientific breakthroughs in quantum
    information science and technology and to support research
    conducted under section 401.
    (2) Requirements.--

    [[Page 5102]]

    (A) Competitive, merit-reviewed process.--The
    Centers shall be established through a competitive,
    merit-reviewed process.
    (B) Applications.--An eligible applicant under this
    subsection shall submit to the Director an application
    at such time, in such manner, and containing such
    information as the Director determines to be
    appropriate.
    (C) Eligible applicants.--The Director shall
    consider applications from National Laboratories,
    institutions of higher education, research centers,
    multi-institutional collaborations, and any other entity
    that the Secretary of Energy determines to be
    appropriate.

    (b) Collaborations.--A collaboration that receives an award under
    this section may include multiple types of research institutions and
    private sector entities.
    (c) Requirements.--To the maximum extent practicable, the Centers
    developed, constructed, operated, or maintained under this section shall
    serve the needs of the Department of Energy, industry, the academic
    community, and other relevant entities to create and develop processes
    for the purpose of advancing basic research in quantum information
    science and improving the competitiveness of the United States.
    (d) Coordination.--The Secretary of Energy shall ensure the
    coordination, and avoid unnecessary duplication, of the activities of
    each Center with the activities of--
    (1) other research entities of the Department of Energy,
    including--
    (A) the Nanoscale Science Research Centers;
    (B) the Energy Frontier Research Centers;
    (C) the Energy Innovation Hubs; and
    (D) the National Laboratories;
    (2) institutions of higher education; and
    (3) industry.

    (e) Duration.--
    (1) In general.--Each Center established under this section
    is authorized to carry out activities for a period of 5 years.
    (2) Reapplication.--An awardee may reapply for additional,
    subsequent periods of 5 years. The Director shall approve or
    disapprove of each reapplication on a competitive, merit-
    reviewed basis.
    (3) Termination.--Consistent with the authorities of the
    Department of Energy, the Secretary of Energy may terminate an
    underperforming Center for cause during the performance period.

    (f) Funding.--The Secretary of Energy shall allocate up to
    $25,000,000 for each Center established under this section for each of
    fiscal years 2019 through 2023, subject to the availability of
    appropriations. Amounts made available to carry out this section

    [[Page 5103]]

    shall be derived from amounts appropriated or otherwise made available
    to the Department of Energy.

    Approved December 21, 2018.

    LEGISLATIVE HISTORY--H.R. 6227 (S. 3143):
    ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    HOUSE REPORTS: No. 115-950 (Comm. on Science, Space, and Technology).
    SENATE REPORTS: No. 115-389 (Comm. on Commerce, Science, and
    Transportation) accompanying S. 3143.
    CONGRESSIONAL RECORD, Vol. 164 (2018):
    Sept. 13, considered and passed House.
    Dec. 13, considered and passed Senate, amended.
    Dec. 19, House concurred in Senate amendment.