    [United States Statutes at Large, Volume 132, 115th Congress, 2nd Session]
    [From the U.S. Government Publishing Office, www.gpo.gov]

    Public Law 115-246
    115th Congress

    An Act

    To establish Department of Energy policy for science and energy research
    and development programs, and reform National Laboratory management and
    technology transfer programs, and for other purposes. <>

    Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the
    United States of America in Congress assembled, <>
    SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE; TABLE OF CONTENTS.

    (a) Short Title. <> --This Act may be
    cited as the ``Department of Energy Research and Innovation Act''.

    (b) Table of Contents.--The table of contents of this Act is as
    follows:

    Sec. 1. Short title; table of contents.
    Sec. 2. Definitions.

    TITLE I--LABORATORY MODERNIZATION AND TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER

    Sec. 101. Short title.
    Sec. 102. Inclusion of early stage technology demonstration in
    authorized technology transfer activities.
    Sec. 103. Sense of Congress on accelerating energy innovation.
    Sec. 104. Restoration of laboratory directed research and development
    program.
    Sec. 105. Research grants database.
    Sec. 106. Technology transfer and transitions assessment.
    Sec. 107. Agreements for commercializing technology pilot program.
    Sec. 108. Short-term cost-share pilot program.

    TITLE II--DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY RESEARCH COORDINATION

    Sec. 201. Short title.
    Sec. 202. Protection of information.
    Sec. 203. Crosscutting research and development.
    Sec. 204. Strategic research portfolio analysis and coordination plan.
    Sec. 205. Strategy for facilities and infrastructure.
    Sec. 206. Energy Innovation Hubs.

    TITLE III--DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY OFFICE OF SCIENCE POLICY

    Sec. 301. Short title.
    Sec. 302. Mission.
    Sec. 303. Basic energy sciences.
    Sec. 304. Advanced scientific computing research.
    Sec. 305. High-energy physics.
    Sec. 306. Biological and environmental research.
    Sec. 307. Fusion energy.
    Sec. 308. Nuclear physics.
    Sec. 309. Science laboratories infrastructure program.

    SEC. 2. <>  DEFINITIONS.

    In this Act:
    (1) Department.--The term ``Department'' means the
    Department of Energy.
    (2) Director.--The term ``Director'' means the Director of
    the Office of Science of the Department, except as otherwise
    indicated.

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    (3) National laboratory.--The term ``National Laboratory''
    has the meaning given that term in section 2 of the Energy
    Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 15801).
    (4) Secretary.--The term ``Secretary'' means the Secretary
    of Energy.

    TITLE I <> --LABORATORY MODERNIZATION AND TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER
    SEC. 101. <>  SHORT TITLE.

    This title may be cited as the ``Laboratory Modernization and
    Technology Transfer Act''.
    SEC. 102. INCLUSION OF EARLY STAGE TECHNOLOGY DEMONSTRATION IN
    AUTHORIZED TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER ACTIVITIES.

    Section 1001 of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 16391) is
    amended--
    (1) by redesignating subsection (g) as subsection (h); and
    (2) by inserting after subsection (f) the following:

    ``(g) Early Stage Technology Demonstration.--The Secretary shall
    permit the directors of the National Laboratories to use funds
    authorized to support technology transfer within the Department to carry
    out early stage and precommercial technology demonstration activities to
    remove technology barriers that limit private sector interest and
    demonstrate potential commercial applications of any research and
    technologies arising from National Laboratory activities.''.
    SEC. 103. <>  SENSE OF CONGRESS ON
    ACCELERATING ENERGY INNOVATION.

    It is the sense of Congress that--
    (1) although important progress has been made in cost
    reduction and deployment of clean energy technologies,
    accelerating clean energy innovation will help meet critical
    competitiveness, energy security, and environmental goals;
    (2) accelerating the pace of clean energy innovation in the
    United States calls for--
    (A) supporting existing research and development
    programs at the Department and the world-class National
    Laboratories;
    (B) exploring and developing new pathways for
    innovators, investors, and decision-makers to leverage
    the resources of the Department for addressing the
    challenges and comparative strengths of geographic
    regions; and
    (C) recognizing the financial constraints of the
    Department, regularly reviewing clean energy programs to
    ensure that taxpayer investments are maximized;
    (3) the energy supply, demand, policies, markets, and
    resource options of the United States vary by geographic region;
    (4) a regional approach to innovation can bridge the gaps
    between local talent, institutions, and industries to identify
    opportunities and convert United States investment into domestic
    companies; and
    (5) Congress, the Secretary, and energy industry
    participants should advance efforts that promote international,

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    domestic, and regional cooperation on the research and
    development of energy innovations that--
    (A) provide clean, affordable, and reliable energy
    for everyone;
    (B) promote economic growth;
    (C) are critical for energy security; and
    (D) are sustainable without government support.
    SEC. 104. <>  RESTORATION OF LABORATORY
    DIRECTED RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM.

    (a) In General.--Except as provided in subsection (b), the Secretary
    shall ensure that laboratory operating contractors do not allocate costs
    of general and administrative overhead to laboratory directed research
    and development.
    (b) Exception for National Security Laboratories.--This section
    shall not apply to the national security laboratories with respect to
    which section 3119 of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal
    Year 2017 (Public Law 114-328) applies.
    SEC. 105. <>  RESEARCH GRANTS DATABASE.

    (a) In General. <> --The Secretary shall
    establish and maintain a public database, accessible on the website of
    the Department, that contains a searchable listing of each unclassified
    research and development project contract, grant, cooperative agreement,
    task order for a federally funded research and development center, or
    other transaction administered by the Department.

    (b) Requirements.--Each listing described in subsection (a) shall
    include, at a minimum, for each listed project, the Department office
    carrying out the project, the project name, an abstract or summary of
    the project, funding levels, project duration, contractor or grantee
    name (including the names of any subcontractors), and expected
    objectives and milestones.
    (c) Relevant Literature and Patents.--The Secretary shall provide
    information through the public database established under subsection (a)
    on relevant literature and patents that are associated with each
    research and development project contract, grant, or cooperative
    agreement, or other transaction, of the Department.
    SEC. 106. <>
    TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER AND TRANSITIONS
    ASSESSMENT.

    Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of this Act, and
    as often as the Secretary determines to be necessary thereafter, the
    Secretary shall transmit to the appropriate committees of Congress a
    report that includes recommended changes to the policy of the Department
    and legislative changes to section 1001 of the Energy Policy Act of 2005
    (42 U.S.C. 16391) to improve the ability of the Department to
    successfully transfer new energy technologies to the private sector.
    SEC. 107. <>  AGREEMENTS FOR COMMERCIALIZING
    TECHNOLOGY PILOT PROGRAM.

    (a) In General.--The Secretary shall carry out the Agreements for
    Commercializing Technology pilot program of the Department, as announced
    by the Secretary on December 8, 2011, in accordance with this section.
    (b) Terms.--Each agreement entered into pursuant to the pilot
    program referred to in subsection (a) shall provide to the contractor of
    the applicable National Laboratory, to the maximum extent determined to
    be appropriate by the Secretary, increased authority to

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    negotiate contract terms, such as intellectual property rights, payment
    structures, performance guarantees, and multiparty collaborations.
    (c) Eligibility.--
    (1) In general.--Any director of a National Laboratory may
    enter into an agreement pursuant to the pilot program referred
    to in subsection (a).
    (2) Agreements with non-federal entities.--To carry out
    paragraph (1) and subject to paragraph (3), the Secretary shall
    permit the directors of the National Laboratories to execute
    agreements with a non-Federal entity, including a non-Federal
    entity already receiving Federal funding that will be used to
    support activities under agreements executed pursuant to
    paragraph (1), provided that such funding is solely used to
    carry out the purposes of the Federal award.
    (3) Restriction <> .--The requirements
    of chapter 18 of title 35, United States Code (commonly known as
    the ``Bayh-Dole Act'') shall apply if--
    (A) the agreement is a funding agreement (as that
    term is defined in section 201 of that title); and
    (B) at least one of the parties to the funding
    agreement is eligible to receive rights under that
    chapter.

    (d) Submission to Secretary.--Each affected director of a National
    Laboratory shall submit to the Secretary, with respect to each agreement
    entered into under this section--
    (1) <>  a summary of information relating to
    the relevant project;
    (2) <>  the total estimated costs of
    the project;
    (3) <>  estimated commencement
    and completion dates of the project; and
    (4) other documentation determined to be appropriate by the
    Secretary.

    (e) Certification.--The Secretary shall require the contractor of
    the affected National Laboratory to certify that each activity carried
    out under a project for which an agreement is entered into under this
    section--
    (1) is not in direct competition with the private sector;
    and
    (2) does not present, or minimizes, any apparent conflict of
    interest, and avoids or neutralizes any actual conflict of
    interest, as a result of the agreement under this section.

    (f) Extension.--The pilot program referred to in subsection (a)
    shall be extended until September 30, 2019.
    (g) <>  Reports.--
    (1) Overall assessment <> .--Not later
    than 60 days after the date described in subsection (f), the
    Secretary, in coordination with directors of the National
    Laboratories, shall submit to the appropriate committees of
    Congress a report that--
    (A) assesses the overall effectiveness of the pilot
    program referred to in subsection (a);
    (B) identifies opportunities to improve the
    effectiveness of the pilot program;
    (C) assesses the potential for program activities to
    interfere with the responsibilities of the National
    Laboratories to the Department; and
    (D) <>  provides a
    recommendation regarding the future of the pilot
    program.

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    (2) Transparency.--The Secretary, in coordination with
    directors of the National Laboratories, shall submit to the
    appropriate committees of Congress an annual report that
    accounts for all incidences of, and provides a justification
    for, non-Federal entities using funds derived from a Federal
    contract or award to carry out agreements pursuant to this
    section.
    SEC. 108. SHORT-TERM COST-SHARE PILOT PROGRAM.

    (a) In General.--Section 988(b) of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42
    U.S.C. 16352(b)) is amended--
    (1) in paragraph (1), by striking ``Except as provided in
    paragraphs (2) and (3)'' and inserting ``Except as provided in
    paragraphs (2), (3), and (4)''; and
    (2) by adding at the end the following:
    ``(4) Exemption for institutions of higher education and
    other nonprofit institutions.--
    ``(A) In general.--Paragraph (1) shall not apply to
    a research or development activity performed by an
    institution of higher education or nonprofit institution
    (as defined in section 4 of the Stevenson-Wydler
    Technology Innovation Act of 1980 (15 U.S.C. 3703)).
    ``(B) Termination date. <> --The exemption under subparagraph (A) shall
    apply during the 2-year period beginning on the date of
    enactment of this paragraph.''.

    (b) <>  Reports.--
    (1) Initial report.--As soon as practicable after the date
    of enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall submit to the
    appropriate committees of Congress a report that describes the
    use of cost-sharing waivers by the Department under section
    988(b) of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 16352(b))
    during the 2-year period ending on the date of enactment of this
    Act.
    (2) Annual reports.--Annually during the 2-year period
    beginning on the date of enactment of this Act, the Secretary
    shall submit to the appropriate committees of Congress a report
    that describes the use of cost-sharing waivers by the Department
    under section 988(b) of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C.
    16352(b)) during the period covered by the report.

    TITLE II <> --
    DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY RESEARCH COORDINATION
    SEC. 201. <>  SHORT TITLE.

    This title may be cited as the ``Department of Energy Research
    Coordination Act''.
    SEC. 202. PROTECTION OF INFORMATION.

    Section 5012 of the America Competes Act (42 U.S.C. 16538) is
    amended--
    (1) in subsection (a)(3), by striking ``subsection (n)(1)''
    and inserting ``subsection (o)(1)'';
    (2) by redesignating subsection (n) as subsection (o); and
    (3) by inserting after subsection (m) the following:

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    ``(n) Protection of Information.--The following types of information
    collected by ARPA-E from recipients of financial assistance awards shall
    be considered commercial and financial information obtained from a
    person and privileged or confidential and not subject to disclosure
    under section 552(b)(4) of title 5, United States Code:
    ``(1) Plans for commercialization of technologies developed
    under the award, including business plans, technology-to-market
    plans, market studies, and cost and performance models.
    ``(2) Investments provided to an awardee from third parties
    (such as venture capital firms, hedge funds, and private equity
    firms), including amounts and the percentage of ownership of the
    awardee provided in return for the investments.
    ``(3) Additional financial support that the awardee--
    ``(A) plans to or has invested into the technology
    developed under the award; or
    ``(B) is seeking from third parties.
    ``(4) Revenue from the licensing or sale of new products or
    services resulting from research conducted under the award.''.
    SEC. 203. <>  CROSSCUTTING RESEARCH AND
    DEVELOPMENT.

    (a) In General.--The Secretary shall use the capabilities of the
    Department to identify strategic opportunities for collaborative
    research, development, demonstration, and commercial application of
    innovative science and technologies.
    (b) Existing Programs; Coordination of Activities.--To the maximum
    extent practicable, the Secretary shall seek--
    (1) to leverage existing programs of the Department; and
    (2) to consolidate and coordinate activities throughout the
    Department to promote collaboration and crosscutting approaches
    within programs of the Department.

    (c) Additional Actions.--The Secretary shall--
    (1) prioritize activities that use all affordable domestic
    resources;
    (2) develop a planning, evaluation, and technical assessment
    framework for setting objective long-term strategic goals and
    evaluating progress that--
    (A) ensures integrity and independence; and
    (B) provides the flexibility to adapt to market
    dynamics;
    (3) ensure that activities shall be undertaken in a manner
    that does not duplicate other activities within the Department
    or other Federal Government activities; and
    (4) identify programs that may be more effectively left to
    the States, industry, nongovernmental organizations,
    institutions of higher education, or other stakeholders.
    SEC. 204. STRATEGIC RESEARCH PORTFOLIO ANALYSIS AND COORDINATION
    PLAN.

    The Energy Policy Act of 2005 is amended by striking section 994 (42
    U.S.C. 16358) and inserting the following:

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    ``SEC. 994. <>  STRATEGIC RESEARCH PORTFOLIO
    ANALYSIS AND COORDINATION PLAN.

    ``(a) In General.--The Secretary shall periodically review all of
    the science and technology activities of the Department in a strategic
    framework that takes into account--
    ``(1) the frontiers of science to which the Department can
    contribute;
    ``(2) the national needs relevant to the statutory missions
    of the Department; and
    ``(3) global energy dynamics.

    ``(b) Coordination Analysis and Plan.--
    ``(1) In general.--As part of the review under subsection
    (a), the Secretary shall develop a plan to improve coordination
    and collaboration in research, development, demonstration, and
    commercial application activities across organizational
    boundaries of the Department.
    ``(2) Plan contents.--The plan developed under paragraph (1)
    shall describe--
    ``(A) crosscutting scientific and technical issues
    and research questions that span more than one program
    or major office of the Department;
    ``(B) ways in which the applied technology programs
    of the Department are coordinating activities and
    addressing the questions referred to in subparagraph
    (A);
    ``(C) ways in which the technical interchange within
    the Department, particularly between the Office of
    Science and the applied technology programs, could be
    enhanced, including ways in which the research agendas
    of the Office of Science and the applied programs could
    better interact and assist each other;
    ``(D) ways in which the Secretary would ensure that
    the overall research agenda of the Department includes,
    in addition to fundamental, curiosity-driven research,
    fundamental research related to topics of concern to the
    applied programs, and applications in Departmental
    technology programs of research results generated by
    fundamental, curiosity-driven research;
    ``(E) <>  critical assessments
    of any ongoing programs that have experienced subpar
    performance or cost overruns of 10 percent or more over
    1 or more years;
    ``(F) any activities that may be more effectively
    left to the States, industry, nongovernmental
    organizations, institutions of higher education, or
    other stakeholders; and
    ``(G) <>  detailed
    evaluations and proposals for innovation hubs,
    institutes, and research centers of the Department,
    including--
    ``(i) an affirmation that the hubs,
    institutes, and research centers will--
    ``(I) advance the mission of the
    Department; and
    ``(II) prioritize research,
    development, and demonstration; and
    ``(ii) an affirmation that any hubs,
    institutes, or research centers that are
    established or renewed within the Office of
    Science are consistent with the mission of the
    Office of Science described in subsection (c)

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    of section 209 of the Department of Energy
    Organization Act (42 U.S.C. 7139).

    ``(c) Submission to Congress <> .--Every 4
    years, the Secretary shall submit to Congress--
    ``(1) the results of the review under subsection (a); and
    ``(2) the coordination plan under subsection (b).''.
    SEC. 205. STRATEGY FOR FACILITIES AND INFRASTRUCTURE.

    (a) Amendments.--Section 993 of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42
    U.S.C. 16357) is amended--
    (1) by striking the section heading and inserting the
    following: ``strategy for facilities and infrastructure''; and
    (2) in subsection (b)(1), by striking ``2008'' and inserting
    ``2018''.

    (b) Clerical Amendment.--The table of contents in section 1(b) of
    the Energy Policy Act of 2005 is amended by striking the item relating
    to section 993 and inserting the following:

    ``Sec. 993. Strategy for facilities and infrastructure.''.

    SEC. 206 <> . ENERGY INNOVATION HUBS.

    (a) Definitions.--In this section:
    (1) Advanced energy technology.--The term ``advanced energy
    technology'' means--
    (A) an innovative technology--
    (i) that produces energy from solar, wind,
    geothermal, biomass, tidal, wave, ocean, or other
    renewable energy resources;
    (ii) that produces nuclear energy;
    (iii) for carbon capture and sequestration;
    (iv) that enables advanced vehicles, vehicle
    components, and related technologies that result
    in significant energy savings;
    (v) that generates, transmits, distributes,
    uses, or stores energy more efficiently than
    conventional technologies, including through Smart
    Grid technologies; or
    (vi) that enhances the energy independence and
    security of the United States by enabling improved
    or expanded supply and production of domestic
    energy resources, including coal, oil, and natural
    gas;
    (B) a research, development, demonstration, or
    commercial application activity necessary to ensure the
    long-term, secure, and sustainable supply of an energy-
    critical element; or
    (C) any other innovative energy technology area
    identified by the Secretary.
    (2) Hub.--
    (A) In general.--The term ``Hub'' means an Energy
    Innovation Hub established under this section.
    (B) Inclusion.--The term ``Hub'' includes any Energy
    Innovation Hub in existence on the date of enactment of
    this Act.
    (3) Qualifying entity.--The term ``qualifying entity''
    means--
    (A) an institution of higher education;

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    (B) an appropriate State or Federal entity,
    including a federally funded research and development
    center of the Department;
    (C) a nongovernmental organization with expertise in
    advanced energy technology research, development,
    demonstration, or commercial application; or
    (D) any other relevant entity the Secretary
    determines appropriate.

    (b) Authorization of Program.--
    (1) In general.--The Secretary shall carry out a program to
    enhance the economic, environmental, and energy security of the
    United States by making awards to consortia for establishing and
    operating hubs, to be known as ``Energy Innovation Hubs'', to
    conduct and support, at, if practicable, one centralized
    location, multidisciplinary, collaborative research,
    development, demonstration, and commercial application of
    advanced energy technologies.
    (2) <>  Technology development focus.--
    The Secretary shall designate for each Hub a unique advanced
    energy technology or basic research focus.
    (3) Coordination.--The Secretary shall ensure the
    coordination of, and avoid unnecessary duplication of, the
    activities of each Hub with the activities of--
    (A) other research entities of the Department,
    including the National Laboratories, the Advanced
    Research Projects Agency--Energy, and Energy Frontier
    Research Centers; and
    (B) industry.

    (c) Application Process.--
    (1) Eligibility.--To be eligible to receive an award for the
    establishment and operation of a Hub under subsection (b)(1), a
    consortium shall--
    (A) be composed of not fewer than two qualifying
    entities;
    (B) operate subject to a binding agreement, entered
    into by each member of the consortium, that documents--
    (i) the proposed partnership agreement,
    including the governance and management structure
    of the Hub;
    (ii) measures the consortium will undertake to
    enable cost-effective implementation of activities
    under the program described in subsection (b)(1);
    and
    (iii) a proposed budget, including financial
    contributions from non-Federal sources; and
    (C) operate as a nonprofit organization.
    (2) Application.--
    (A) In general.--A consortium seeking to establish
    and operate a Hub under subsection (b)(1) shall submit
    to the Secretary an application at such time, in such
    manner, and containing such information as the Secretary
    may require, including a detailed description of each
    element of the consortium agreement required under
    paragraph (1)(B).
    (B) Requirement.--If the consortium members will not
    be located at one centralized location, the application
    under subparagraph (A) shall include a communications
    plan that ensures close coordination and integration of
    Hub activities.

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    (3) Selection.--
    (A) In general.--The Secretary shall select
    consortia for awards for the establishment and operation
    of Hubs through a competitive selection process.
    (B) Considerations.--In selecting consortia under
    subparagraph (A), the Secretary shall consider--
    (i) the information disclosed by the
    consortium under this subsection; and
    (ii) any existing facilities a consortium will
    provide for Hub activities.

    (d) Term.--
    (1) In general.--An award made to a Hub under this section
    shall be for a period of not more than 5 years, subject to the
    availability of appropriations, after which the award may be
    renewed, subject to a rigorous merit review.
    (2) Existing hubs.--A Hub already in existence on, or
    undergoing a renewal process on, the date of enactment of this
    Act--
    (A) may continue to receive support during the 5-
    year period beginning on the date of establishment of
    that Hub; and
    (B) shall be eligible for renewal of that support at
    the end of that 5-year period.

    (e) Hub Operations.--
    (1) In general.--Each Hub shall conduct or provide for
    multidisciplinary, collaborative research, development,
    demonstration, and commercial application of advanced energy
    technologies within the technology development focus designated
    under subsection (b)(2).
    (2) Activities.--Each Hub shall--
    (A) encourage collaboration and communication among
    the member qualifying entities of the consortium and
    awardees;
    (B) <>  develop and
    publish proposed plans and programs on a publicly
    accessible website;
    (C) <>  submit an annual report to
    the Department summarizing the activities of the Hub,
    including--
    (i) detailing organizational expenditures; and
    (ii) describing each project undertaken by the
    Hub; and
    (D) monitor project implementation and coordination.
    (3) Conflicts of interest.--Each Hub shall maintain conflict
    of interest procedures, consistent with the conflict of interest
    procedures of the Department.
    (4) Prohibition on construction.--
    (A) In general.--Except as provided in subparagraph
    (B)--
    (i) no funds provided under this section may
    be used for construction of new buildings or
    facilities for Hubs; and
    (ii) construction of new buildings or
    facilities shall not be considered as part of the
    non-Federal share of a Hub cost-sharing agreement.
    (B) Test bed and renovation exception.--Nothing in
    this paragraph prohibits the use of funds provided under
    this section or non-Federal cost share funds for the
    construction of a test bed or renovations to existing

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    buildings or facilities for the purposes of research if
    the Secretary determines that the test bed or
    renovations are limited to a scope and scale necessary
    for the research to be conducted.

    TITLE III <> --DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY OFFICE OF SCIENCE POLICY
    SEC. 301. <>  SHORT TITLE.

    This title may be cited as the ``Department of Energy Office of
    Science Policy Act''.
    SEC. 302. MISSION.

    Section 209 of the Department of Energy Organization Act (42 U.S.C.
    7139) is amended by adding at the end the following:
    ``(c) Mission.--The mission of the Office of Science shall be the
    delivery of scientific discoveries, capabilities, and major scientific
    tools to transform the understanding of nature and to advance the
    energy, economic, and national security of the United States.''.
    SEC. 303. BASIC ENERGY SCIENCES.

    (a) <>  Energy Frontier Research Centers.--
    (1) In general.--The Director shall carry out a program to
    provide awards, on a competitive, merit-reviewed basis, to
    multi-institutional collaborations or other appropriate entities
    to conduct fundamental and use-inspired energy research to
    accelerate scientific breakthroughs.
    (2) Collaborations.--A collaboration receiving an award
    under this subsection may include multiple types of institutions
    and private sector entities.
    (3) Selection and duration.--
    (A) In general.--A collaboration under this
    subsection shall be selected for a period of 4 years.
    (B) Existing centers.--An Energy Frontier Research
    Center in existence and supported by the Director on the
    date of enactment of this Act may continue to receive
    support for a period of 4 years beginning on the date of
    establishment of that center.
    (C) Reapplication.--After the end of the period
    described in subparagraph (A) or (B), as applicable, a
    recipient of an award may reapply for selection on a
    competitive, merit-reviewed basis.
    (D) Termination.--Consistent with the existing
    authorities of the Department, the Director may
    terminate an underperforming center for cause during the
    performance period.
    (4) No funding for construction.--No funding provided
    pursuant to this subsection may be used for the construction of
    new buildings or facilities.

    (b) <>  Basic Energy Sciences User
    Facilities.--
    (1) In general.--The Director shall carry out a program for
    the development, construction, operation, and maintenance of
    national user facilities.
    (2) Requirements.--To the maximum extent practicable, the
    national user facilities developed, constructed, operated,

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    or maintained under paragraph (1) shall serve the needs of the
    Department, industry, the academic community, and other relevant
    entities to create and examine materials and chemical processes
    for the purpose of improving the competitiveness of the United
    States.
    (3) Included facilities.--The national user facilities
    developed, constructed, operated, or maintained under paragraph
    (1) shall include--
    (A) x-ray light sources;
    (B) neutron sources;
    (C) nanoscale science research centers; and
    (D) such other facilities as the Director considers
    appropriate, consistent with section 209 of the
    Department of Energy Organization Act (42 U.S.C. 7139).

    (c) Accelerator Research and Development <> .--The Director shall carry out research and development on
    advanced accelerator and storage ring technologies relevant to the
    development of basic energy sciences user facilities, in consultation
    with the High Energy Physics and Nuclear Physics programs of the Office
    of Science.

    (d) Solar Fuels Research Initiative.--
    (1) In general.--Section 973 of the Energy Policy Act of
    2005 (42 U.S.C. 16313) is amended to read as follows:
    ``SEC. 973. SOLAR FUELS RESEARCH INITIATIVE.

    ``(a) Initiative.--
    ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall carry out a research
    initiative, to be known as the `Solar Fuels Research Initiative'
    (referred to in this section as the `Initiative') to expand
    theoretical and fundamental knowledge of photochemistry,
    electrochemistry, biochemistry, and materials science useful for
    the practical development of experimental systems to convert
    solar energy to chemical energy.
    ``(2) Leveraging.--In carrying out programs and activities
    under the Initiative, the Secretary shall leverage expertise and
    resources from--
    ``(A) the Basic Energy Sciences Program and the
    Biological and Environmental Research Program of the
    Office of Science; and
    ``(B) the Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable
    Energy.
    ``(3) Teams.--
    ``(A) In general.--In carrying out the Initiative,
    the Secretary shall organize activities among
    multidisciplinary teams to leverage, to the maximum
    extent practicable, expertise from the National
    Laboratories, institutions of higher education, and the
    private sector.
    ``(B) Goals.--The multidisciplinary teams described
    in subparagraph (A) shall pursue aggressive, milestone-
    driven, basic research goals.
    ``(C) Resources.--The Secretary shall provide
    sufficient resources to the multidisciplinary teams
    described in subparagraph (A) to achieve the goals
    described in subparagraph (B) over a period of time to
    be determined by the Secretary.
    ``(4) Additional activities.--The Secretary may organize
    additional activities under this subsection through Energy

    [[Page 3142]]

    Frontier Research Centers, Energy Innovation Hubs, or other
    organizational structures.

    ``(b) Artificial Photosynthesis.--
    ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall carry out under the
    Initiative a program to support research needed to bridge
    scientific barriers to, and discover knowledge relevant to,
    artificial photosynthetic systems.
    ``(2) Activities.--As part of the program described in
    paragraph (1)--
    ``(A) the Director of the Office of Basic Energy
    Sciences shall support basic research to pursue distinct
    lines of scientific inquiry, including--
    ``(i) photoinduced production of hydrogen and
    oxygen from water; and
    ``(ii) the sustainable photoinduced reduction
    of carbon dioxide to fuel products including
    hydrocarbons, alcohols, carbon monoxide, and
    natural gas; and
    ``(B) the Assistant Secretary for Energy Efficiency
    and Renewable Energy shall support translational
    research, development, and validation of physical
    concepts developed under the program.
    ``(3) Standard of review.--The Secretary shall review
    activities carried out under the program described in paragraph
    (1) to determine the achievement of technical milestones.
    ``(4) Prohibition.--No funds allocated to the program
    described in paragraph (1) may be obligated or expended for
    commercial application of energy technology.

    ``(c) Biochemistry, Replication of Natural Photosynthesis, and
    Related Processes.--
    ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall carry out under the
    Initiative a program to support research needed to replicate
    natural photosynthetic processes by use of artificial
    photosynthetic components and materials.
    ``(2) Activities.--As part of the program described in
    paragraph (1)--
    ``(A) the Director of the Office of Basic Energy
    Sciences shall support basic research to expand
    fundamental knowledge to replicate natural synthesis
    processes, including--
    ``(i) the photoinduced reduction of dinitrogen
    to ammonia;
    ``(ii) the absorption of carbon dioxide from
    ambient air;
    ``(iii) molecular-based charge separation and
    storage;
    ``(iv) photoinitiated electron transfer; and
    ``(v) catalysis in biological or biomimetic
    systems;
    ``(B) the Associate Director of Biological and
    Environmental Research shall support systems biology and
    genomics approaches to understand genetic and
    physiological pathways connected to photosynthetic
    mechanisms; and
    ``(C) the Assistant Secretary for Energy Efficiency
    and Renewable Energy shall support translational
    research, development, and validation of physical
    concepts developed under the program.

    [[Page 3143]]

    ``(3) Standard of review.--The Secretary shall review
    activities carried out under the program described in paragraph
    (1) to determine the achievement of technical milestones.
    ``(4) Prohibition.--No funds allocated to the program
    described in paragraph (1) may be obligated or expended for
    commercial application of energy technology.''.
    (2) Conforming amendment.--The table of contents for the
    Energy Policy Act of 2005 is amended by striking the item
    relating to section 973 and inserting the following:

    ``Sec. 973. Solar fuels research initiative.''.

    (e) Electricity Storage Research Initiative.--
    (1) In general.--Section 975 of the Energy Policy Act of
    2005 (42 U.S.C. 16315) is amended to read as follows:
    ``SEC. 975. ELECTRICITY STORAGE RESEARCH INITIATIVE.

    ``(a) Initiative.--
    ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall carry out a research
    initiative, to be known as the `Electricity Storage Research
    Initiative' (referred to in this section as the `Initiative')--
    ``(A) to expand theoretical and fundamental
    knowledge to control, store, and convert--
    ``(i) electrical energy to chemical energy;
    and
    ``(ii) chemical energy to electrical energy;
    and
    ``(B) to support scientific inquiry into the
    practical understanding of chemical and physical
    processes that occur within systems involving
    crystalline and amorphous solids, polymers, and organic
    and aqueous liquids.
    ``(2) Leveraging.--In carrying out programs and activities
    under the Initiative, the Secretary shall leverage expertise and
    resources from--
    ``(A) the Basic Energy Sciences Program, the
    Advanced Scientific Computing Research Program, and the
    Biological and Environmental Research Program of the
    Office of Science; and
    ``(B) the Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable
    Energy.
    ``(3) Teams.--
    ``(A) In general.--In carrying out the Initiative,
    the Secretary shall organize activities among
    multidisciplinary teams to leverage, to the maximum
    extent practicable, expertise from the National
    Laboratories, institutions of higher education, and the
    private sector.
    ``(B) Goals.--The multidisciplinary teams described
    in subparagraph (A) shall pursue aggressive, milestone-
    driven, basic research goals.
    ``(C) Resources.--The Secretary shall provide
    sufficient resources to the multidisciplinary teams
    described in subparagraph (A) to achieve the goals
    described in subparagraph (B) over a period of time to
    be determined by the Secretary.
    ``(4) Additional activities.--The Secretary may organize
    additional activities under this subsection through Energy
    Frontier Research Centers, Energy Innovation Hubs, or other
    organizational structures.

    ``(b) Multivalent Systems.--

    [[Page 3144]]

    ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall carry out under the
    Initiative a program to support research needed to bridge
    scientific barriers to, and discover knowledge relevant to,
    multivalent ion materials in electric energy storage systems.
    ``(2) Activities.--As part of the program described in
    paragraph (1)--
    ``(A) the Director of the Office of Basic Energy
    Sciences shall investigate electrochemical properties
    and the dynamics of materials, including charge transfer
    phenomena and mass transport in materials; and
    ``(B) the Assistant Secretary for Energy Efficiency
    and Renewable Energy shall support translational
    research, development, and validation of physical
    concepts developed under the program.
    ``(3) Standard of review.--The Secretary shall review
    activities carried out under the program described in paragraph
    (1) to determine the achievement of technical milestones.
    ``(4) Prohibition.--No funds allocated to the program
    described in paragraph (1) may be obligated or expended for
    commercial application of energy technology.

    ``(c) Electrochemistry Modeling and Simulation.--
    ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall carry out under the
    Initiative a program to support research to model and simulate
    organic electrolytes, including the static and dynamic
    electrochemical behavior and phenomena of organic electrolytes
    at the molecular and atomic level in monovalent and multivalent
    systems.
    ``(2) Activities.--As part of the program described in
    paragraph (1)--
    ``(A) <>  the Director of the
    Office of Basic Energy Sciences, in coordination with
    the Associate Director of Advanced Scientific Computing
    Research, shall support the development of high
    performance computational tools through a joint
    development process to maximize the effectiveness of
    current and projected high performance computing
    systems; and
    ``(B) the Assistant Secretary for Energy Efficiency
    and Renewable Energy shall support translational
    research, development, and validation of physical
    concepts developed under the program.
    ``(3) Standard of review.--The Secretary shall review
    activities carried out under the program described in paragraph
    (1) to determine the achievement of technical milestones.
    ``(4) Prohibition.--No funds allocated to the program
    described in paragraph (1) may be obligated or expended for
    commercial application of energy technology.

    ``(d) Mesoscale Electrochemistry.--
    ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall carry out under the
    Initiative a program to support research needed to reveal
    electrochemistry in confined mesoscale spaces, including
    scientific discoveries relevant to--
    ``(A) bio-electrochemistry and electrochemical
    energy conversion and storage in confined spaces; and
    ``(B) the dynamics of the phenomena described in
    subparagraph (A).
    ``(2) Activities.--As part of the program described in
    paragraph (1)--

    [[Page 3145]]

    ``(A) the Director of the Office of Basic Energy
    Sciences and the Associate Director of Biological and
    Environmental Research shall investigate phenomena of
    mesoscale electrochemical confinement for the purpose of
    replicating and controlling new electrochemical
    behavior; and
    ``(B) the Assistant Secretary for Energy Efficiency
    and Renewable Energy shall support translational
    research, development, and validation of physical
    concepts developed under the program.
    ``(3) Standard of review.--The Secretary shall review
    activities carried out under the program described in paragraph
    (1) to determine the achievement of technical milestones.
    ``(4) Prohibition.--No funds allocated to the program
    described in paragraph (1) may be obligated or expended for
    commercial application of energy technology.''.
    (2) Conforming amendment.--The table of contents for the
    Energy Policy Act of 2005 is amended by striking the item
    relating to section 975 and inserting the following:

    ``Sec. 975. Electricity storage research initiative.''.

    SEC. 304. <>  ADVANCED SCIENTIFIC COMPUTING
    RESEARCH.

    (a) American Super Computing Leadership.--
    (1) Renaming of act.--
    (A) In general.--Section 1 of the Department of
    Energy High-End Computing Revitalization Act of 2004 (15
    U.S.C. 5501 note; Public Law 108-423) is amended by
    striking ``Department of Energy High-End Computing
    Revitalization Act of 2004'' and inserting ``American
    Super Computing Leadership Act of 2017''.
    (B) Conforming amendment.--Section 976(a)(1) of the
    Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 16316(1)) is
    amended by striking ``Department of Energy High-End
    Computing Revitalization Act of 2004'' and inserting
    ``American Super Computing Leadership Act of 2017''.
    (2) Definitions.--Section 2 of the American Super Computing
    Leadership Act of 2017 (15 U.S.C. 5541) is amended--
    (A) by redesignating paragraphs (2) through (5) as
    paragraphs (3) through (6), respectively;
    (B) by striking paragraph (1) and inserting the
    following:
    ``(1) Department.--The term `Department' means the
    Department of Energy.
    ``(2) Exascale computing.--The term `exascale computing'
    means computing through the use of a computing machine that
    performs near or above 10 to the 18th power operations per
    second.''; and
    (C) in paragraph (6) (as redesignated by
    subparagraph (A)), by striking ``, acting through the
    Director of the Office of Science of the Department of
    Energy''.
    (3) Department of energy high-end computing research and
    development program.--Section 3 of the American Super Computing
    Leadership Act of 2017 (15 U.S.C. 5542) is amended--
    (A) in subsection (a)(1), by striking ``program''
    and inserting ``coordinated program across the
    Department'';
    (B) in subsection (b)(2), by striking ``, which
    may'' and all that follows through ``architectures'';
    and

    [[Page 3146]]

    (C) by striking subsection (d) and inserting the
    following:

    ``(d) Exascale Computing Program.--
    ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall conduct a research
    program (referred to in this subsection as the `Program') for
    exascale computing, including the development of two or more
    exascale computing machine architectures, to promote the
    missions of the Department.
    ``(2) Execution.--
    ``(A) In general.--In carrying out the Program, the
    Secretary shall--
    ``(i) establish two or more National
    Laboratory partnerships with industry partners and
    institutions of higher education for the research
    and development of two or more exascale computing
    architectures across all applicable organizations
    of the Department;
    ``(ii) conduct mission-related codesign
    activities in developing the exascale computing
    architectures under clause (i);
    ``(iii) develop such advancements in hardware
    and software technology as are required to fully
    realize the potential of an exascale production
    system in addressing Department target
    applications and solving scientific problems
    involving predictive modeling and simulation and
    large scale data analytics and management;
    ``(iv) explore the use of exascale computing
    technologies to advance a broad range of science
    and engineering; and
    ``(v) provide, as appropriate, on a
    competitive, merit-reviewed basis, access for
    researchers in industries in the United States,
    institutions of higher education, National
    Laboratories, and other Federal agencies to the
    exascale computing systems developed pursuant to
    clause (i).
    ``(B) Selection of partners.--The Secretary shall
    select the partnerships with the computing facilities of
    the Department under subparagraph (A) through a
    competitive, peer-review process.
    ``(3) Codesign and application development.--
    ``(A) In general.--The Secretary shall--
    ``(i) carry out the Program through an
    integration of applications, computer science,
    applied mathematics, and computer hardware
    architecture using the partnerships established
    pursuant to paragraph (2) to ensure that, to the
    maximum extent practicable, two or more exascale
    computing machine architectures are capable of
    solving Department target applications and broader
    scientific problems, including predictive modeling
    and simulation and large scale data analytics and
    management; and
    ``(ii) conduct outreach programs to increase
    the readiness for the use of such platforms by
    domestic industries, including manufacturers.
    ``(B) Report.--The Secretary shall submit to
    Congress a report describing--

    [[Page 3147]]

    ``(i) how the integration under subparagraph
    (A) is furthering application science data and
    computational workloads across application
    interests, including national security, material
    science, physical science, cybersecurity,
    biological science, the Materials Genome and BRAIN
    Initiatives of the President, advanced
    manufacturing, and the national electric grid; and
    ``(ii) the roles and responsibilities of
    National Laboratories and industry, including the
    definition of the roles and responsibilities
    within the Department to ensure an integrated
    program across the Department.
    ``(4) Project review.--
    ``(A) In general.--The exascale architectures
    developed pursuant to partnerships established pursuant
    to paragraph (2) shall be reviewed through a project
    review process.
    ``(B) Report.--Not later than 90 days after the date
    of enactment of this subsection, the Secretary shall
    submit to Congress a report on--
    ``(i) the results of the review conducted
    under subparagraph (A); and
    ``(ii) the coordination and management of the
    Program to ensure an integrated research program
    across the Department.
    ``(5) Annual reports. <> --At the time
    of the budget submission of the Department for each fiscal year,
    the Secretary, in consultation with the members of the
    partnerships established pursuant to paragraph (2), shall submit
    to Congress a report that describes funding for the Program as a
    whole by functional element of the Department and critical
    milestones.''.

    (b) High-Performance Computing and Networking Research.--The
    Director shall support research in high-performance computing and
    networking relevant to energy applications, including modeling,
    simulation, and advanced data analytics for basic and applied energy
    research programs carried out by the Secretary.
    (c) Applied Mathematics and Software Development for High-End
    Computing Systems.--The Director shall carry out activities to develop,
    test, and support--
    (1) mathematics, models, and algorithms for complex systems
    and programming environments; and
    (2) tools, languages, and operating systems for high-end
    computing systems (as defined in section 2 of the American Super
    Computing Leadership Act of 2017 (15 U.S.C. 5541)).
    SEC. 305. <>  HIGH-ENERGY PHYSICS.

    (a) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that--
    (1) the Director should incorporate the findings and
    recommendations of the report of the Particle Physics Project
    Prioritization Panel entitled ``Building for Discovery:
    Strategic Plan for U.S. Particle Physics in the Global Context''
    into the planning process of the Department; and
    (2) the nations that lead in particle physics by hosting
    international teams dedicated to a common scientific goal
    attract the world's best talent and inspire future generations
    of physicists and technologists.

    [[Page 3148]]

    (b) International Collaboration.--The Director, as practicable and
    in coordination with other appropriate Federal agencies as necessary,
    shall ensure the access of United States researchers to the most
    advanced accelerator facilities and research capabilities in the world,
    including the Large Hadron Collider.
    (c) Neutrino Research.--The Director shall carry out research
    activities on rare decay processes and the nature of the neutrino, which
    may include collaborations with the National Science Foundation or
    international collaborations.
    (d) Dark Energy and Dark Matter Research.--The Director shall carry
    out research activities on the nature of dark energy and dark matter,
    which may include collaborations with the National Aeronautics and Space
    Administration or the National Science Foundation; or international
    collaborations.
    SEC. 306. <>  BIOLOGICAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL
    RESEARCH.

    (a) Biological Systems.--The Director shall carry out research and
    development activities in fundamental, structural, computational, and
    systems biology to increase systems-level understanding of the complex
    biological systems, which may include activities--
    (1) to accelerate breakthroughs and new knowledge that would
    enable the cost-effective, sustainable production of--
    (A) biomass-based liquid transportation fuels;
    (B) bioenergy; and
    (C) biobased materials;
    (2) to improve understanding of the global carbon cycle,
    including processes for removing carbon dioxide from the
    atmosphere, through photosynthesis and other biological
    processes, for sequestration and storage; and
    (3) to understand the biological mechanisms used to
    transform, immobilize, or remove contaminants from subsurface
    environments.

    (b) Limitation for Research Funds.--The Director shall not approve
    new climate science-related initiatives without making a determination
    that such work is well-coordinated with any relevant work carried out by
    other Federal agencies.
    (c) Low-Dose Radiation Research Program.--
    (1) In general.--The Director shall carry out a research
    program on low-dose radiation.
    (2) Purpose.--The purpose of the program is to enhance the
    scientific understanding of, and reduce uncertainties associated
    with, the effects of exposure to low-dose radiation to inform
    improved risk-management methods.
    SEC. 307. <>  FUSION ENERGY.

    (a) Fusion Materials Research and Development.--As part of the
    activities authorized in section 978 of the Energy Policy Act of 2005
    (42 U.S.C. 16318)--
    (1) <>  the Director, in coordination
    with the Assistant Secretary for Nuclear Energy of the
    Department, shall carry out research and development activities
    to identify, characterize, and demonstrate materials that can
    endure the neutron, plasma, and heat fluxes expected in a fusion
    power system; and
    (2) <>  the Director shall provide an
    assessment of--

    [[Page 3149]]

    (A) the need for one or more facilities that can
    examine and test potential fusion and next generation
    fission materials and other enabling technologies
    relevant to the development of fusion power; and
    (B) whether a single new facility that substantially
    addresses magnetic fusion and next generation fission
    materials research needs is feasible, in conjunction
    with the expected capabilities of facilities operational
    as of the date of enactment of this Act.

    (b) Tokamak Research and Development.--The Director shall support
    research and development activities and facility operations to optimize
    the tokamak approach to fusion energy.
    (c) Inertial Fusion Energy Research and Development.--The Director
    shall support research and development activities for inertial fusion
    for energy applications.
    (d) Alternative and Enabling Concepts.--The Director shall support
    research and development activities and facility operations at
    institutions of higher education, National Laboratories, and private
    facilities in the United States for a portfolio of alternative and
    enabling fusion energy concepts that may provide solutions to
    significant challenges to the establishment of a commercial magnetic
    fusion power plant, prioritized based on the ability of the United
    States to play a leadership role in the international fusion research
    community.
    (e) Coordination With ARPA-E.--The Director shall coordinate with
    the Director of the Advanced Research Projects Agency-Energy (referred
    to in this subsection as ``ARPA-E'') to--
    (1) assess the potential for any fusion energy project
    supported by ARPA-E to represent a promising approach to a
    commercially viable fusion power plant;
    (2) determine whether the results of any fusion energy
    project supported by ARPA-E merit the support of follow-on
    research activities carried out by the Office of Science; and
    (3) avoid the unintentional duplication of activities.

    (f) Fairness in Competition for Solicitations for International
    Project Activities. <> --Section 33 of the Atomic
    Energy Act of 1954 (42 U.S.C. 2053) is amended by inserting before the
    first sentence the following: ``In this section, with respect to
    international research projects, the term `private facilities or
    laboratories' means facilities or laboratories located in the United
    States.''.

    (g) Identification of Priorities.--
    (1) Report.--
    (A) In general <> .--Not later
    than 2 years after the date of enactment of this Act,
    the Secretary shall submit to Congress a report on the
    fusion energy research and development activities that
    the Department proposes to carry out over the 10-year
    period following the date of the report under not fewer
    than 3 realistic budget scenarios, including a scenario
    based on 3-percent annual growth in the non-ITER portion
    of the budget for fusion energy research and development
    activities.
    (B) Inclusions.--The report required under
    subparagraph (A) shall--
    (i) identify specific areas of fusion energy
    research and enabling technology development in
    which the United States can and should establish
    or solidify a lead in the global fusion energy
    development effort;

    [[Page 3150]]

    (ii) identify priorities for initiation of
    facility construction and facility decommissioning
    under each of the three budget scenarios described
    in subparagraph (A); and
    (iii) assess the ability of the fusion
    workforce of the United States to carry out the
    activities identified under clauses (i) and (ii),
    including the adequacy of programs at institutions
    of higher education in the United States to train
    the leaders and workers of the next generation of
    fusion energy researchers.
    (2) Process.--In order to develop the report required under
    paragraph (1)(A), the Secretary shall leverage best practices
    and lessons learned from the process used to develop the most
    recent report of the Particle Physics Project Prioritization
    Panel of the High Energy Physics Advisory Panel.
    (3) Requirement.--No member of the Fusion Energy Sciences
    Advisory Committee shall be excluded from participating in
    developing or voting on final approval of the report required
    under paragraph (1)(A).
    SEC. 308. <>  NUCLEAR PHYSICS.

    (a) Isotope Development and Production for Research Applications.--
    The Director--
    (1) may carry out a program for the production of isotopes,
    including the development of techniques to produce isotopes,
    that the Secretary determines are needed for research, medical,
    industrial, or related purposes; and
    (2) shall ensure that isotope production activities carried
    out under the program under this paragraph do not compete with
    private industry unless the Director determines that critical
    national interests require the involvement of the Federal
    Government.

    (b) Renaming of the Rare Isotope Accelerator.--Section 981 of the
    Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 16321) is amended--
    (1) in the section heading, by striking ``rare isotope
    accelerator'' and inserting ``facility for rare isotope beams'';
    and
    (2) by striking ``Rare Isotope Accelerator'' each place it
    appears and inserting ``Facility for Rare Isotope Beams''.
    SEC. 309. <>  SCIENCE LABORATORIES
    INFRASTRUCTURE PROGRAM.

    (a) In General.--The Director shall carry out a program to improve
    the safety, efficiency, and mission readiness of infrastructure at
    laboratories of the Office of Science.
    (b) Inclusions.--The program under subsection (a) shall include
    projects--
    (1) to renovate or replace space that does not meet research
    needs;
    (2) to replace facilities that are no longer cost effective
    to renovate or operate;
    (3) to modernize utility systems to prevent failures and
    ensure efficiency;
    (4) to remove excess facilities to allow safe and efficient
    operations; and

    [[Page 3151]]

    (5) to construct modern facilities to conduct advanced
    research in controlled environmental conditions.

    Approved September 28, 2018.

    LEGISLATIVE HISTORY--H.R. 589 (S. 1460) (S. 2503):
    ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    SENATE REPORTS: Nos. 115-242 and 115-241, accompanying S. 2503, (both
    from Comm. on Energy and Natural Resources).
    CONGRESSIONAL RECORD:
    Vol. 163 (2017):
    Jan. 24, considered and passed
    House.
    Vol. 164 (2018):
    July 23, considered and passed
    Senate, amended.
    Sept. 13, House concurred in Senate
    amendment.