    [United States Statutes at Large, Volume 132, 115th Congress, 2nd Session]
    [From the U.S. Government Publishing Office, www.gpo.gov]

    Public Law 115-392
    115th Congress

    An Act

    To provide assistance in abolishing human trafficking in the United
    States. <>

    Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the
    United States of America in Congress assembled, <>
    SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE; TABLE OF CONTENTS.

    (a) <>  Short Title.--This Act may be cited as
    the ``Abolish Human Trafficking Act of 2017''.

    (b) Table of Contents.--The table of contents for this Act is as
    follows:

    Sec. 1. Short title; table of contents.
    Sec. 2. Preserving Domestic Trafficking Victims' Fund.
    Sec. 3. Mandatory restitution for victims of commercial sexual
    exploitation.
    Sec. 4. Victim-witness assistance in sexual exploitation cases.
    Sec. 5. Victim protection training for the Department of Homeland
    Security.
    Sec. 6. Direct services for child victims of human trafficking.
    Sec. 7. Holistic training for Federal law enforcement officers and
    prosecutors.
    Sec. 8. Best practices in delivering justice for victims of trafficking.
    Sec. 9. Improving the national strategy to combat human trafficking.
    Sec. 10. Specialized human trafficking training and technical assistance
    for service providers.
    Sec. 11. Enhanced penalties for human trafficking, child exploitation,
    and repeat offenders.
    Sec. 12. Targeting organized human trafficking perpetrators.
    Sec. 13. Investigating complex human trafficking networks.
    Sec. 14. Combating sex tourism.
    Sec. 15. Human Trafficking Justice Coordinators.
    Sec. 16. Interagency Task Force to Monitor and Combat Human Trafficking.
    Sec. 17. Additional reporting on crime.
    Sec. 18. Strengthening the national human trafficking hotline.
    Sec. 19. Ending Government partnerships with the commercial sex
    industry.
    Sec. 20. Understanding the effects of severe forms of trafficking in
    persons.
    Sec. 21. Combating trafficking in persons.
    Sec. 22. Grant accountability.
    Sec. 23. HERO Act improvements.

    SEC. 2. PRESERVING DOMESTIC TRAFFICKING VICTIMS' FUND.

    (a) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that the
    Domestic Trafficking Victims' Fund established under section 3014 of
    title 18, United States Code--
    (1) is intended to supplement, and not supplant, any other
    funding for domestic trafficking victims; and
    (2) has achieved the objective described in paragraph (1)
    since the establishment of the Fund.

    (b) Ensuring Full Funding.--Section 3014 of title 18, United States
    Code, is amended--
    (1) in subsection (a), in the matter preceding paragraph
    (1), by striking ``September 30, 2019'' and inserting
    ``September 30, 2021'';
    (2) in subsection (e)(1), in the matter preceding
    subparagraph (A), by striking ``2019'' and inserting ``2023'';

    [[Page 5251]]

    (3) in subsection (f), by inserting ``, including the
    mandatory imposition of civil remedies for satisfaction of an
    unpaid fine as authorized under section 3613, where
    appropriate'' after ``criminal cases''; and
    (4) in subsection (h)(3), by inserting ``and child victims
    of a severe form of trafficking (as defined in section 103 of
    the Victims of Trafficking and Violence Protection Act of 2000
    (22 U.S.C. 7102))'' after ``child pornography victims''.
    SEC. 3. MANDATORY RESTITUTION FOR VICTIMS OF COMMERCIAL SEXUAL
    EXPLOITATION.

    (a) Amendment.--Chapter 117 of title 18, United States Code, is
    amended by adding at the end the following:
    ``Sec. 2429. <>  Mandatory restitution

    ``(a) <>  Notwithstanding section 3663 or 3663A, and
    in addition to any other civil or criminal penalty authorized by law,
    the court shall order restitution for any offense under this chapter.

    ``(b)(1) <>  The order of restitution under
    this section shall direct the defendant to pay the victim (through the
    appropriate court mechanism) the full amount of the victim's losses, as
    determined by the court under paragraph (3), and shall additionally
    require the defendant to pay the greater of the gross income or value to
    the defendant of the victim's services, if the services constitute
    commercial sex acts as defined under section 1591.

    ``(2) An order of restitution under this section shall be issued and
    enforced in accordance with section 3664 in the same manner as an order
    under section 3663A.
    ``(3) <>  As used in this subsection, the term
    `full amount of the victim's losses' has the same meaning as provided in
    section 2259(b)(3).

    ``(c) The forfeiture of property under this section shall be
    governed by the provisions of section 413 (other than subsection (d) of
    such section) of the Controlled Substances Act (21 U.S.C. 853).
    ``(d) <>  As used in this section, the term
    `victim' means the individual harmed as a result of a crime under this
    chapter, including, in the case of a victim who is under 18 years of
    age, incompetent, incapacitated, or deceased, the legal guardian of the
    victim or a representative of the victim's estate, or another family
    member, or any other person appointed as suitable by the court, but in
    no event shall the defendant be named such representative or
    guardian.''.

    (b) Table of Sections.--The table of sections for chapter 117 of
    title 18, United States Code, <>  is amended
    by inserting after the item relating to section 2428 the following:

    ``2429. Mandatory restitution.''.

    SEC. 4. VICTIM-WITNESS ASSISTANCE IN SEXUAL EXPLOITATION CASES.

    (a) Availability of DOJ Appropriations.--Section 524(c)(1)(B) of
    title 28, United States Code, is amended by inserting ``, chapter 110 of
    title 18'' after ``chapter 77 of title 18''.
    (b) Amendment to Title 31.--Section 9705(a)(2)(B)(v) of title 31,
    United States Code, is amended by inserting ``, chapter 109A of title 18
    (relating to sexual abuse), chapter 110 of title 18 (relating to child
    sexual exploitation), or chapter 117 of title 18 (relating

    [[Page 5252]]

    to transportation for illegal sexual activity and related crimes)''
    after ``(relating to human trafficking)''.
    SEC. 5. VICTIM PROTECTION TRAINING FOR THE DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND
    SECURITY.

    (a) In General.--Title IX of the Justice for Victims of Trafficking
    Act of 2015 (6 U.S.C. 641 et seq.) is amended by adding at the end the
    following:
    ``SEC. 906. <>  VICTIM PROTECTION TRAINING FOR
    THE DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY.

    ``(a) Directive to DHS Law Enforcement Officials and Task Forces.--
    ``(1) <>  In general.--Not later than 180
    days after the date of enactment of this section, the Secretary
    shall issue a directive to--
    ``(A) all Federal law enforcement officers and
    relevant personnel employed by the Department who may be
    involved in the investigation of human trafficking
    offenses; and
    ``(B) members of all task forces led by the
    Department that participate in the investigation of
    human trafficking offenses.
    ``(2) Required instructions.--The directive required to be
    issued under paragraph (1) shall include instructions on--
    ``(A) the investigation of individuals who patronize
    or solicit human trafficking victims as being engaged in
    severe trafficking in persons and how such individuals
    should be investigated for their roles in severe
    trafficking in persons; and
    ``(B) how victims of sex or labor trafficking often
    engage in criminal acts as a direct result of severe
    trafficking in persons and such individuals are victims
    of a crime and affirmative measures should be taken to
    avoid arresting, charging, or prosecuting such
    individuals for any offense that is the direct result of
    their victimization.

    ``(b) Victim Screening Protocol.--
    ``(1) <>  In general.--Not later than 180
    days after the date of enactment of this section, the Secretary
    shall issue a screening protocol for use during all anti-
    trafficking law enforcement operations in which the Department
    is involved.
    ``(2) Requirements.--The protocol required to be issued
    under paragraph (1) shall--
    ``(A) require the individual screening of all adults
    and children who are suspected of engaging in commercial
    sex acts, child labor that is a violation of law, or
    work in violation of labor standards to determine
    whether each individual screened is a victim of human
    trafficking;
    ``(B) require affirmative measures to avoid
    arresting, charging, or prosecuting human trafficking
    victims for any offense that is the direct result of
    their victimization;
    ``(C) <>  be developed in
    consultation with relevant interagency partners and
    nongovernmental organizations that specialize in the
    prevention of human trafficking or in the identification
    and support of victims of human trafficking and
    survivors of human trafficking; and
    ``(D) include--

    [[Page 5253]]

    ``(i) <>  procedures and
    practices to ensure that the screening process
    minimizes trauma or revictimization of the person
    being screened; and
    ``(ii) <>  guidelines on
    assisting victims of human trafficking in
    identifying and receiving restorative services.

    ``(c) Mandatory Training.--The training described in sections 902
    and 904 shall include training necessary to implement--
    ``(1) the directive required under subsection (a); and
    ``(2) the protocol required under subsection (b).''.

    (b) Table of Contents Amendment.--The table of contents in section
    1(b) of the Justice for Victims of Trafficking Act of 2015 (Public Law
    114-22; 129 Stat. 227) is amended by inserting after the item relating
    to section 905 the following:

    ``Sec. 906. Victim protection training for the Department of Homeland
    Security.''.

    SEC. 6. DIRECT SERVICES FOR CHILD VICTIMS OF HUMAN TRAFFICKING.

    Section 214(b) of the Victims of Child Abuse Act of 1990 (34 U.S.C.
    20304(b)) is amended--
    (1) in the heading by inserting ``Child Victims of a Severe
    Form of Trafficking in Persons and'' before ``Victims of Child
    Pornography''; and
    (2) by inserting ``victims of a severe form of trafficking
    (as defined in section 103 of the Trafficking Victims Protection
    Act of 2000 (22 U.S.C. 7102(9)(A))) who were under the age of 18
    at the time of the offense and'' before ``victims of child
    pornography''.
    SEC. 7. <>  HOLISTIC TRAINING FOR FEDERAL
    LAW ENFORCEMENT OFFICERS AND PROSECUTORS.

    All training required under the Combat Human Trafficking Act of 2015
    (34 U.S.C. 20709) and section 105(c)(4) of the Trafficking Victims
    Protection Act of 2000 (22 U.S.C. 7105(c)(4)) shall--
    (1) emphasize that an individual who knowingly solicits or
    patronizes a commercial sex act from a person who was a minor
    (consistent with section 1591(c) of title 18, United States
    Code) or was subject to force, fraud, or coercion is guilty of
    an offense under chapter 77 of title 18, United States Code, and
    is a party to a human trafficking offense;
    (2) develop specific curriculum for--
    (A) under appropriate circumstances, arresting and
    prosecuting buyers of commercial sex, child labor that
    is a violation of law, or forced labor as a form of
    primary prevention; and
    (B) investigating and prosecuting individuals who
    knowingly benefit financially from participation in a
    venture that has engaged in any act of human
    trafficking; and
    (3) specify that any comprehensive approach to eliminating
    human trafficking shall include a demand reduction component.
    SEC. 8. <>  BEST PRACTICES IN DELIVERING
    JUSTICE FOR VICTIMS OF TRAFFICKING.

    <> Not later than 180 days after the
    date of enactment of this Act, the Attorney General shall issue guidance
    to all offices and components of the Department of Justice--

    [[Page 5254]]

    (1) emphasizing that an individual who knowingly solicits or
    patronizes a commercial sex act from a person who was a minor
    (consistent with section 1591(c) of title 18, United States
    Code) or was subject to force, fraud, or coercion is guilty of
    an offense under chapter 77 of title 18, United States Code, and
    is a party to a severe form of trafficking in persons, as that
    term is defined in section 103(9) of the Trafficking Victims
    Protection Act of 2000 (22 U.S.C. 7102(9));
    (2) recommending and implementing best practices for the
    collection of special assessments under section 3014 of title
    18, United States Code, as added by section 101 of the Justice
    for Victims of Trafficking Act of 2015 (Public Law 114-22; 129
    Stat. 228), including a directive that civil liens are an
    authorized collection method and remedy under section 3613 of
    title 18, United States Code; and
    (3) clarifying that commercial sexual exploitation is a form
    of gender-based violence.
    SEC. 9. IMPROVING THE NATIONAL STRATEGY TO COMBAT HUMAN
    TRAFFICKING.

    Section 606(b) of the Justice for Victims of Trafficking Act of 2015
    (34 U.S.C. 20711(b)) is amended by adding at the end the following:
    ``(6) A national strategy to prevent human trafficking and
    reduce demand for human trafficking victims.''.
    SEC. 10. SPECIALIZED HUMAN TRAFFICKING TRAINING AND TECHNICAL
    ASSISTANCE FOR SERVICE PROVIDERS.

    (a) In General.--Section 111 of the Violence Against Women and
    Department of Justice Reauthorization Act of 2005 (34 U.S.C. 20708) is
    amended--
    (1) in the heading, by striking ``law enforcement training
    programs'' and inserting ``specialized human trafficking
    training and technical assistance for service providers'';
    (2) in subsection (a)(2), by striking ``means a State or a
    local government.'' and inserting the following: ``means--
    ``(A) a State or unit of local government;
    ``(B) a federally recognized Indian tribal
    government, as determined by the Secretary of the
    Interior;
    ``(C) a victim service provider;
    ``(D) a nonprofit or for-profit organization
    (including a tribal nonprofit or for-profit
    organization);
    ``(E) a national organization; or
    ``(F) an institution of higher education (including
    tribal institutions of higher education).'';
    (3) by striking subsection (b) and inserting the following:

    ``(b) Grants Authorized.--The Attorney General may award grants to
    eligible entities to--
    ``(1) provide training to identify and protect victims of
    trafficking;
    ``(2) improve the quality and quantity of services offered
    to trafficking survivors; and
    ``(3) improve victim service providers' partnerships with
    Federal, State, tribal, and local law enforcement agencies and
    other relevant entities.''; and
    (4) in subsection (c)--
    (A) in paragraph (2), by striking ``or'' at the end;

    [[Page 5255]]

    (B) in paragraph (3), by striking the period at the
    end and inserting a semicolon; and
    (C) by inserting after paragraph (3) the following:
    ``(4) provide technical assistance on the range of services
    available to victim service providers who serve trafficking
    victims;
    ``(5) develop and distribute materials, including materials
    identifying best practices in accordance with Federal law and
    policies, to support victim service providers working with human
    trafficking victims;
    ``(6) identify and disseminate other publicly available
    materials in accordance with Federal law to help build capacity
    of service providers;
    ``(7) provide training at relevant conferences, through
    webinars, or through other mechanisms in accordance with Federal
    law; or
    ``(8) assist service providers in developing additional
    resources such as partnerships with Federal, State, tribal, and
    local law enforcement agencies and other relevant entities in
    order to access a range of available services in accordance with
    Federal law.''.

    (b) Technical and Conforming Amendment.--The table of contents in
    section 2 of the Violence Against Women and Department of Justice
    Reauthorization Act of 2005 (Public Law 109-162; 119 Stat. 2960) is
    amended by striking the item relating to section 111 and inserting the
    following:

    ``Sec. 111. Grants for specialized human trafficking training and
    technical assistance for service providers.''.

    SEC. 11. ENHANCED PENALTIES FOR HUMAN TRAFFICKING, CHILD
    EXPLOITATION, AND REPEAT OFFENDERS.

    Part I of title 18, United States Code, is amended--
    (1) in chapter 77--
    (A) in section 1583(a), in the flush text following
    paragraph (3), by striking ``not more than 20 years''
    and inserting ``not more than 30 years'';
    (B) in section 1587, by striking ``four years'' and
    inserting ``10 years''; and
    (C) in section 1591(d), by striking ``20 years'' and
    inserting ``25 years''; and
    (2) in section 2426--
    (A) in subsection (a), by striking ``twice'' and
    inserting ``3 times''; and
    (B) in subsection (b)(1)(B) by striking ``paragraph
    (1)'' and inserting ``subparagraph (A)''.
    SEC. 12. TARGETING ORGANIZED HUMAN TRAFFICKING PERPETRATORS.

    Section 521(c) of title 18, United States Code, is amended--
    (1) in paragraph (2), by striking ``and'' at the end;
    (2) by redesignating paragraph (3) as paragraph (4);
    (3) by inserting after paragraph (2) the following:
    ``(3) a Federal offense involving human trafficking, sexual
    abuse, sexual exploitation, or transportation for prostitution
    or any illegal sexual activity; and''; and
    (4) in paragraph (4), as so redesignated, by striking ``(1)
    or (2)'' and inserting ``(1), (2), or (3)''.

    [[Page 5256]]

    SEC. 13. INVESTIGATING COMPLEX HUMAN TRAFFICKING NETWORKS.

    Section 2516 of title 18, United States Code, is amended--
    (1) in subsection (1)(c)--
    (A) by inserting ``section 1582 (vessels for slave
    trade), section 1583 (enticement into slavery),'' after
    ``section 1581 (peonage),''; and
    (B) by inserting ``section 1585 (seizure, detention,
    transportation or sale of slaves), section 1586 (service
    on vessels in slave trade), section 1587 (possession of
    slaves aboard vessel), section 1588 (transportation of
    slaves from United States),'' after ``section 1584
    (involuntary servitude),''; and
    (2) in subsection (2)--
    (A) by striking ``kidnapping human'' and inserting
    ``kidnapping, human''; and
    (B) by striking ``production, ,'' and inserting
    ``production, prostitution,''.
    SEC. 14. COMBATING SEX TOURISM.

    Section 2423 of title 18, United States Code, is amended--
    (1) in subsection (b), by striking ``for the purpose'' and
    inserting ``with a motivating purpose''; and
    (2) in subsection (d), by striking ``for the purpose of
    engaging'' and inserting ``with a motivating purpose of
    engaging''.
    SEC. 15. HUMAN TRAFFICKING JUSTICE COORDINATORS.

    Section 606 of the Justice for Victims of Trafficking Act of 2015
    (34 U.S.C. 20711) is amended--
    (1) in subsection (b)(1)--
    (A) by striking subparagraph (B); and
    (B) by redesignating subparagraphs (C) and (D) as
    subparagraphs (B) and (C), respectively; and
    (2) by adding at the end the following:

    ``(c) Human Trafficking Justice Coordinators.--
    <> The Attorney General shall designate in each
    Federal judicial district not less than 1 assistant United States
    attorney to serve as the Human Trafficking Coordinator for the district
    who, in addition to any other responsibilities, works with a human
    trafficking victim-witness specialist and shall be responsible for--
    ``(1) implementing the National Strategy with respect to all
    forms of human trafficking, including labor trafficking and sex
    trafficking;
    ``(2) prosecuting, or assisting in the prosecution of, human
    trafficking cases;
    ``(3) conducting public outreach and awareness activities
    relating to human trafficking;
    ``(4) ensuring the collection of data required to be
    collected under clause (viii) of section 105(d)(7)(Q) of the
    Trafficking Victims Protection Act of 2000 (22 U.S.C.
    7103(d)(7)(Q)), as added by section 17 of the Abolish Human
    Trafficking Act of 2017, is sought;
    ``(5) coordinating with other Federal agencies, State,
    tribal, and local law enforcement agencies, victim service
    providers, and other relevant non-governmental organizations to
    build partnerships on activities relating to human trafficking;
    and

    [[Page 5257]]

    ``(6) ensuring the collection of restitution for victims is
    sought as required to be ordered under section 1593 of title 18,
    United States Code, and section 2429 of such title, as added by
    section 3 of the Abolish Human Trafficking Act of 2017.

    ``(d) <>  Department of Justice
    Coordinator.--Not later than 60 days after the date of enactment of the
    Abolish Human Trafficking Act of 2017, the Attorney General shall
    designate an official who shall coordinate human trafficking efforts
    within the Department of Justice who, in addition to any other
    responsibilities, shall be responsible for--
    ``(1) coordinating, promoting, and supporting the work of
    the Department of Justice relating to human trafficking,
    including investigation, prosecution, training, outreach, victim
    support, grant-making, and policy activities;
    ``(2) <>  in consultation with
    survivors of human trafficking, or anti-human trafficking
    organizations, producing and disseminating, including making
    publicly available when appropriate, replication guides and
    training materials for law enforcement officers, prosecutors,
    judges, emergency responders, individuals working in victim
    services, adult and child protective services, social services,
    and public safety, medical personnel, mental health personnel,
    financial services personnel, and any other individuals whose
    work may bring them in contact with human trafficking regarding
    how to--
    ``(A) identify signs of human trafficking;
    ``(B) conduct investigations in human trafficking
    cases;
    ``(C) address evidentiary issues and other legal
    issues; and
    ``(D) appropriately assess, respond to, and interact
    with victims and witnesses in human trafficking cases,
    including in administrative, civil, and criminal
    judicial proceedings; and
    ``(3) carrying out such other duties as the Attorney General
    determines necessary in connection with enhancing the
    understanding, prevention, and detection of, and response to,
    human trafficking.''.
    SEC. 16. INTERAGENCY TASK FORCE TO MONITOR AND COMBAT HUMAN
    TRAFFICKING.

    Section 105(d)(7)(Q) of the Trafficking Victims Protection Act of
    2000 (22 U.S.C. 7103(d)(7)(Q)) is amended--
    (1) in clause (vi), by striking ``and'' at the end; and
    (2) by adding at the end the following:
    ``(viii) the number of convictions obtained
    under chapter 77 of title 18, United States Code,
    aggregated separately by the form of offense
    committed with respect to the victim, including
    recruiting, enticing, harboring, transporting,
    providing, obtaining, advertising, maintaining,
    patronizing, or soliciting a human trafficking
    victim; and''.
    SEC. 17. ADDITIONAL REPORTING ON CRIME.

    Section 237(b) of the William Wilberforce Trafficking Victims
    Protection Reauthorization Act of 2008 (28 U.S.C. 534 note) is amended--
    (1) in paragraph (2), by striking ``and'' at the end;

    [[Page 5258]]

    (2) in paragraph (3), by striking the period at the end and
    inserting a semicolon; and
    (3) by adding at the end the following:
    ``(4) incidents of assisting or promoting prostitution,
    child labor that is a violation of law, or forced labor of an
    individual under the age of 18 as described in paragraph (1);
    and
    ``(5) incidents of purchasing or soliciting commercial sex
    acts, child labor that is a violation of law, or forced labor
    with an individual under the age of 18 as described in paragraph
    (2).''.
    SEC. 18. STRENGTHENING THE NATIONAL HUMAN TRAFFICKING HOTLINE.

    (a) Reporting Requirement.--Section 105(d)(3) of the Victims of
    Trafficking and Violence Protection Act of 2000 (22 U.S.C. 7103(d)(3))
    is amended--
    (1) by inserting ``and providing an annual report on the
    case referrals received from the national human trafficking
    hotline by Federal departments and agencies'' after
    ``international trafficking''; and
    (2) by inserting ``and reporting requirements'' after ``Any
    data collection procedures''.

    (b) Hotline Information.--Section 107(b)(1)(B)(ii) of such Act (22
    U.S.C. 7105(b)(1)(B)(ii)) is amended by adding at the end the following:
    ``The number of the national human trafficking hotline described in this
    clause shall be posted in a visible place in all Federal buildings.''.
    SEC. 19. <>  ENDING GOVERNMENT
    PARTNERSHIPS WITH THE COMMERCIAL SEX
    INDUSTRY.

    No Federal funds or resources may be used for the operation of,
    participation in, or partnership with any program that involves the
    provision of funding or resources to an organization that--
    (1) has the primary purpose of providing adult
    entertainment; and
    (2) derives profits from the commercial sex trade.
    SEC. 20. UNDERSTANDING THE EFFECTS OF SEVERE FORMS OF TRAFFICKING
    IN PERSONS.

    (a) In General.--Title VI of the Justice for Victims of Trafficking
    Act of 2015 (Public Law 114-22; 129 Stat. 258) is amended by adding at
    the end the following:
    ``SEC. 607. UNDERSTANDING THE PHYSICAL AND PSYCHOLOGICAL EFFECTS
    OF SEVERE FORMS OF TRAFFICKING IN PERSONS.

    ``(a) In General.-- <> The National Institute of
    Justice and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention shall jointly
    conduct a study on the short-term and long-term physical and
    psychological effects of serious harm (as that term is defined in
    section 1589(c)(2) and section 1591(e)(4) of title 18, United States
    Code, as amended by the William Wilberforce Trafficking Victims
    Protection Reauthorization Act of 2008 (Public Law 110-457; 122 Stat.
    5044)) in order to determine the most effective types of services for
    individuals who are identified as victims of these crimes, including
    victims in cases that were not investigated or prosecuted by any law
    enforcement agency, and how new or current treatment and programming

    [[Page 5259]]

    options should be tailored to address the unique needs and barriers
    associated with these victims.

    ``(b) Report.-- <> Not
    later than 3 years after the date of enactment of the Abolish Human
    Trafficking Act of 2017, the National Institute of Justice and the
    Centers for Disease Control and Prevention shall make available to the
    public the results, including any associated recommendations, of the
    study conducted under subsection (a).''.

    (b) Table of Contents Amendment.--The table of contents in section
    1(b) of the Justice for Victims of Trafficking Act of 2015 (Public Law
    114-22; 129 Stat. 227) is amended by inserting after the item relating
    to section 606 the following:

    ``Sec. 607. Understanding the physical and psychological effects of
    severe forms of trafficking in persons.''.

    SEC. 21. COMBATING TRAFFICKING IN PERSONS.

    Section 113 of the Trafficking Victims Prevention Act of 2000 (22
    U.S.C. 7110) is amended--
    (1) in subsection (b)(2), by striking ``2014 through 2017''
    and inserting ``2018 through 2021''; and
    (2) in subsection (i), by striking ``2014 through 2017'' and
    inserting ``2018 through 2021''.
    SEC. 22. <>  GRANT ACCOUNTABILITY.

    (a) Definitions.--In this section--
    (1) the term ``covered agency'' means an agency authorized
    to award grants under this Act;
    (2) the term ``covered grant'' means a grant authorized to
    be awarded under this Act; and
    (3) the term ``covered official'' means the head of a
    covered agency.

    (b) Accountability.--All covered grants shall be subject to the
    following accountability provisions:
    (1) <>  Audit requirement.--
    (A) Definition.--In this paragraph, the term
    ``unresolved audit finding'' means a finding in the
    final audit report of the Inspector General of a covered
    agency that the audited grantee has utilized funds under
    a covered grant for an unauthorized expenditure or
    otherwise unallowable cost that is not closed or
    resolved within 12 months from the date when the final
    audit report is issued.
    (B) Audits <> .--Beginning in
    the first fiscal year beginning after the date of
    enactment of this Act, and in each fiscal year
    thereafter, the Inspector General of a covered agency
    shall conduct audits of recipients of covered grants to
    prevent waste, fraud, and abuse of funds by grantees.
    The Inspector <> General shall
    determine the appropriate number of grantees to be
    audited each year.
    (C) Mandatory exclusion.--A recipient of funds under
    a covered grant that is found to have an unresolved
    audit finding shall not be eligible to receive funds
    under a covered grant during the first 2 fiscal years
    beginning after the end of the 12-month period described
    in subparagraph (A).
    (D) Priority.--In awarding covered grants, a covered
    official shall give priority to eligible applicants that
    did not have an unresolved audit finding during the 3
    fiscal

    [[Page 5260]]

    years before submitting an application for the covered
    grant.
    (E) Reimbursement.--If an entity is awarded funds
    under a covered grant during the 2-fiscal-year period
    during which the entity is barred from receiving covered
    grants under subparagraph (C), a covered official
    shall--
    (i) deposit an amount equal to the amount of
    the grant funds that were improperly awarded to
    the grantee into the General Fund of the Treasury;
    and
    (ii) seek to recoup the costs of the repayment
    to the fund from the recipient of the covered
    grant that was erroneously awarded grant funds.
    (2) Nonprofit organization requirements.--
    (A) Definition.--For purposes of this paragraph and
    each covered grant program, the term ``nonprofit
    organization'' means an organization that is described
    in section 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code of
    1986 and is exempt from taxation under section 501(a) of
    such Code.
    (B) Prohibition.--A covered grant may not be awarded
    to a nonprofit organization that holds money in offshore
    accounts for the purpose of avoiding paying the tax
    described in section 511(a) of the Internal Revenue Code
    of 1986.
    (C) Disclosure.--Each nonprofit organization that is
    awarded a covered grant and uses the procedures
    prescribed in regulations to create a rebuttable
    presumption of reasonableness for the compensation of
    its officers, directors, trustees, and key employees,
    shall disclose to the applicable covered official, in
    the application for the covered grant, the process for
    determining such compensation, including the independent
    persons involved in reviewing and approving such
    compensation, the comparability data used, and
    contemporaneous substantiation of the deliberation and
    decision. Upon request, a covered official shall make
    the information disclosed under this subparagraph
    available for public inspection.
    (3) Conference expenditures.--
    (A) Limitation.--No amounts made available to a
    covered agency to carry out a covered grant program may
    be used by a covered official, or by any individual or
    entity awarded discretionary funds through a cooperative
    agreement under a covered grant program, to host or
    support any expenditure for conferences that uses more
    than $20,000 in funds made available by the covered
    agency, unless the covered official provides prior
    written authorization that the funds may be expended to
    host the conference.
    (B) Written approval.-- <> Written approval under subparagraph (A)
    shall include a written estimate of all costs associated
    with the conference, including the cost of all food,
    beverages, audio-visual equipment, honoraria for
    speakers, and entertainment.
    (C) Report.--
    (i) Department of justice.--The Deputy
    Attorney General shall submit an annual report to
    the appropriate committees of Congress on all
    conference expenditures approved under this
    paragraph.

    [[Page 5261]]

    (ii) Department of health and human
    services.--The Deputy Secretary of Health and
    Human Services shall submit to the appropriate
    committees of Congress an annual report on all
    conference expenditures approved under this
    paragraph.
    (iii) Department of homeland security.--The
    Deputy Secretary of Homeland Security shall submit
    to the appropriate committees of Congress an
    annual report on all conference expenditures
    approved under this paragraph.
    (4) Annual certification.-- <> Beginning in the first fiscal year beginning after the
    date of enactment of this Act, each covered official shall
    submit to the appropriate committees of Congress an annual
    certification--
    (A) indicating whether--
    (i) all audits issued by the Office of the
    Inspector General of the applicable covered agency
    under paragraph (1) have been completed and
    reviewed by the appropriate official;
    (ii) all mandatory exclusions required under
    paragraph (1)(C) have been issued; and
    (iii) all reimbursements required under
    paragraph (1)(E) have been made; and
    (B) that includes a list of any recipients of a
    covered grant excluded under paragraph (1) from the
    previous year.

    (c) Preventing Duplicative Grants.--
    (1) In general.--Before a covered official awards a covered
    grant, the covered official shall compare potential awards under
    the covered grant program with other covered grants awarded to
    determine if duplicate grant awards are awarded for the same
    purpose.
    (2) Report.--If a covered official awards duplicate covered
    grants to the same applicant for the same purpose the covered
    official shall submit to the appropriate committees of Congress
    a report that includes--
    (A) <>  a list of all duplicate covered
    grants awarded, including the total dollar amount of any
    duplicate covered grants awarded; and
    (B) the reason the covered official awarded the
    duplicate covered grants.
    SEC. 23. HERO ACT IMPROVEMENTS.

    (a) In General.--Section 890A of the Homeland Security Act of 2002
    (6 U.S.C. 473) is amended--
    (1) in subsection (a)--
    (A) in paragraph (1), by inserting ``Homeland
    Security Investigations,'' after ``Customs
    Enforcement,''; and
    (B) by striking paragraph (2) and inserting the
    following:
    ``(2) Purpose.--The Center shall provide investigative
    assistance, training, and equipment to support domestic and
    international investigations of cyber-related crimes by the
    Department.'';
    (2) in subsection (b)--
    (A) in paragraph (2)(C), by inserting after
    ``personnel'' the following: ``, which shall include
    participating in training for Homeland Security
    Investigations personnel

    [[Page 5262]]

    conducted by Internet Crimes Against Children Task
    Forces''; and
    (B) in paragraph (3)--
    (i) in subparagraph (B)--
    (I) in the matter preceding clause
    (i), by inserting ``in child
    exploitation investigations'' after
    ``Enforcement''; and
    (II) in clause (i), by inserting
    ``child'' before ``victims'';
    (ii) in subparagraph (C), by inserting ``child
    exploitation'' after ``number of''; and
    (iii) in subparagraph (D), by inserting
    ``child exploitation'' after ``number of''; and
    (3) in subsection (c)(2)--
    (A) in subparagraph (A), in the matter preceding
    clause (i), by inserting ``and administer the Digital
    Forensics and Document and Media Exploitation program''
    after ``forensics'';
    (B) in subparagraph (C), by inserting ``and emerging
    technologies'' after ``forensics''; and
    (C) in subparagraph (D), by striking ``and the
    National Association to Protect Children'' and inserting
    ``, the National Association to Protect Children, and
    other governmental entities''.

    (b) HERO Child-Rescue Corps.--Section 890A of the Homeland Security
    Act of 2002 (6 U.S.C. 473) is amended--
    (1) by redesignating subsection (e) as subsection (g);
    (2) by inserting after subsection (d) the following:

    ``(e) HERO Child-Rescue Corps.--
    ``(1) Establishment.--
    ``(A) In general.-- <> There
    is established within the Center a Human Exploitation
    Rescue Operation Child-Rescue Corps Program (referred to
    in this section as the `HERO Child-Rescue Corps
    Program'), which shall be a Department-wide program, in
    collaboration with the Department of Defense and the
    National Association to Protect Children.
    ``(B) Private sector collaboration.--As part of the
    HERO Child-Rescue Corps Program, the National
    Association to Protect Children shall provide logistical
    support for program participants.
    ``(2) Purpose.--The purpose of the HERO Child-Rescue Corps
    Program shall be to recruit, train, equip, and employ members of
    the Armed Forces on active duty and wounded, ill, and injured
    veterans to combat and prevent child exploitation, including in
    investigative, intelligence, analyst, inspection, and forensic
    positions or any other positions determined appropriate by the
    employing agency.
    ``(3) Functions.--The HERO Child-Rescue Program shall--
    ``(A) provide, recruit, train, and equip
    participants of the Program in the areas of digital
    forensics, investigation, analysis, intelligence, and
    victim identification, as determined by the Center and
    the needs of the Department; and
    ``(B) ensure that during the internship period,
    participants of the Program are assigned to investigate
    and analyze--

    [[Page 5263]]

    ``(i) child exploitation;
    ``(ii) child pornography;
    ``(iii) unidentified child victims;
    ``(iv) human trafficking;
    ``(v) traveling child sex offenders; and
    ``(vi) forced child labor, including the
    sexual exploitation of minors.

    ``(f) Paid Internship and Hiring Program.--
    ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall establish a paid
    internship and hiring program for the purpose of placing
    participants of the HERO Child-Rescue Corps Program (in this
    subsection referred to as `participants') into paid internship
    positions, for the subsequent appointment of the participants to
    permanent positions, as described in the guidelines promulgated
    under paragraph (3).
    ``(2) Internship positions.--Under the paid internship and
    hiring program required to be established under paragraph (1),
    the Secretary shall assign or detail participants to positions
    within United States Immigration and Customs Enforcement or any
    other Federal agency in accordance with the guidelines
    promulgated under paragraph (3).
    ``(3) Placement.--
    ``(A) In general.-- <> The
    Secretary shall promulgate guidelines for assigning or
    detailing participants to positions within United States
    Immigration and Customs Enforcement and other Federal
    agencies, which shall include requirements for
    internship duties and agreements regarding the
    subsequent appointment of the participants to permanent
    positions.
    ``(B) Preference.--The Secretary shall give a
    preference to Homeland Security Investigations in
    assignments or details under the guidelines promulgated
    under subparagraph (A).
    ``(4) Term of internship.--An appointment to an internship
    position under this subsection shall be for a term not to exceed
    12 months.
    ``(5) Rate and term of pay.--After completion of initial
    group training and upon beginning work at an assigned office, a
    participant appointed to an internship position under this
    subsection who is not receiving monthly basic pay as a member of
    the Armed Forces on active duty shall receive compensation at a
    rate that is--
    ``(A) not less than the minimum rate of basic pay
    payable for a position at level GS-5 of the General
    Schedule; and
    ``(B) not more than the maximum rate of basic pay
    payable for a position at level GS-7 of the General
    Schedule.
    ``(6) Eligibility.--In establishing the paid internship and
    hiring program required under paragraph (1), the Secretary shall
    ensure that the eligibility requirements for participation in
    the internship program are the same as the eligibility
    requirements for participation in the HERO Child-Rescue Corps
    Program.
    ``(7) Hero corps hiring.--The Secretary shall establish
    within Homeland Security Investigations positions, which shall
    be in addition to any positions in existence on the date of

    [[Page 5264]]

    enactment of this subsection, for the hiring and permanent
    employment of graduates of the paid internship program required
    to be established under paragraph (1).''; and
    (3) in subsection (g), as so redesignated--
    (A) by striking ``There are authorized'' and
    inserting the following:
    ``(1) In general.--There are authorized''; and
    (B) by adding at the end the following:
    ``(2) Allocation.--Of the amount made available pursuant to
    paragraph (1) in each of fiscal years 2019 through 2022, not
    more than $10,000,000 shall be used to carry out subsection (e)
    and not less than $2,000,000 shall be used to carry out
    subsection (f).''.

    (c) Technical and Conforming Amendment.--Section 302 of the HERO Act
    of 2015 <>  (Public Law 114-22; 129 Stat. 255) is
    amended--
    (1) by striking subsection (c); and
    (2) by redesignating subsection (d) as subsection (c).

    Approved December 21, 2018.

    LEGISLATIVE HISTORY--S. 1311:
    ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    CONGRESSIONAL RECORD:
    Vol. 163 (2017):
    Sept. 11, considered and passed
    Senate.
    Vol. 164 (2018):
    Sept. 28, considered and passed
    House, amended.
    Dec. 17, Senate concurred in House
    amendment.
    DAILY COMPILATION OF PRESIDENTIAL DOCUMENTS (2018):
    Dec. 21, Presidential statement.