[United States Statutes at Large, Volume 131, 115th Congress, 1st Session]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office, www.gpo.gov]

 
Proclamation 9564 of January 12, 2017

Boundary Enlargement of the Cascade-Siskiyou National Monument

By the President of the United States of America

A Proclamation

Through Proclamation 7318 of June 9, 2000, President Bill Clinton
established the Cascade-Siskiyou National Monument (monument) to protect
the ecological wonders and biological diversity at the interface of the
Cascade, Klamath, and Siskiyou ecoregions. The area, home to an
incredible variety of species and habitats, represents a rich mosaic of
forests, grasslands, shrublands, and wet meadows. The many rare

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and endemic plant and animal species found here are a testament to
Cascade-Siskiyou's unique ecosystems and biotic communities.
As President Clinton noted in Proclamation 7318, the ecological
integrity of the ecosystems that harbor this diverse array of species is
vital to their continued existence. Since 2000, scientific studies of
the area have reinforced that the environmental processes supporting the
biodiversity of the monument require habitat connectivity corridors for
species migration and dispersal. Additionally, they require a range of
habitats that can be resistant and resilient to large-scale disturbance
such as fire, insects and disease, invasive species, drought, or floods,
events likely to be exacerbated by climate change. Expanding the
monument to include Horseshoe Ranch, the Jenny Creek watershed, the
Grizzly Peak area, Lost Lake, the Rogue Valley foothills, the Southern
Cascades area, and the area surrounding Surveyor Mountain will create a
Cascade-Siskiyou landscape that provides vital habitat connectivity,
watershed protection, and landscape-scale resilience for the area's
critically important natural resources. Such an expansion will bolster
protection of the resources within the original boundaries of the
monument and will also protect the important biological and historic
resources within the expansion area.
The ancient Siskiyou and Klamath Mountains meet the volcanic Cascade
Mountains near the border of California and Oregon, creating an
intersection of three ecoregions in Jackson and Klamath Counties in
Oregon and Siskiyou County in California. Towering rock peaks covered in
alpine forests rise above mixed woodlands, open glades, dense chaparral,
meadows filled with stunning wildflowers, and swiftly-flowing streams.
Native American occupancy of this remarkably diverse landscape dates
back thousands of years, and Euro-American settlers also passed through
the expansion area. The Applegate Trail, a branch of the California
National Historic Trail, passes through both the existing monument and
the expansion area following old routes used by trappers and miners, who
themselves made use of trails developed by Native Americans. Today,
visitors to the Applegate Trail can walk paths worn by wagon trains of
settlers seeking a new life in the west. The trail, a less hazardous
alternative to the Oregon Trail, began to see regular wagon traffic in
1846 and helped thousands of settlers traverse the area more safely on
their way north to the Willamette Valley or south to California in
search of gold--one of the largest mass migrations in American history.
Soon thereafter, early ranchers, loggers, and homesteaders began to
occupy the area, leaving traces of their presence, which provide
potential for future research into the era of westward expansion in
southwestern Oregon. A historic ranch can be seen in the Horseshoe Ranch
Wildlife Area, in the northernmost reaches of California.
The Cascade-Siskiyou landscape is formed by the convergence of the
Klamath, the Siskiyou, and the Cascade mountain ranges. The Siskiyou
Mountains, which contain Oregon's oldest rocks dating to 425 million
years, have an east-west orientation that connects the newer Cascade
Mountains with the ancient Klamath Mountains. The tectonic action that
formed the Klamath and Siskiyou Mountains occurred over 130 million
years ago, while the Cascades were formed by more recent volcanism. The
Rogue Valley foothills contain Eocene and Miocene formations of black
andesite lava along with younger High Cascade olivine basalt. In the
Grizzly Peak area, the 25 million-year geologic his

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tory includes basaltic lava flows known as the Roxy Formation, along
with the formation of a large strato-volcano, Mount Grizzly. Old Baldy,
another extinct volcanic cone, rises above the surrounding forest in the
far northeast of the expansion area.
Cascade-Siskiyou's biodiversity, which provides habitat for a dazzling
array of species, is internationally recognized and has been studied
extensively by ecologists, evolutionary biologists, botanists,
entomologists, and wildlife biologists. Ranging from high slopes of
Shasta red fir to lower elevations with Douglas fir, ponderosa pine,
incense cedar, and oak savannas, the topography and elevation gradient
of the area has helped create stunningly diverse ecosystems. From
ancient and mixed-aged conifer and hardwood forests to chaparral, oak
woodlands, wet meadows, shrublands, fens, and open native perennial
grasslands, the landscape harbors extraordinarily varied and diverse
plant communities. Among these are threatened and endangered plant
species and habitat for numerous other rare and endemic species.
Grizzly Peak and the surrounding Rogue Valley foothills in the northwest
part of the expansion area are home to rare populations of plant species
such as rock buckwheat, Baker's globemallow, and tall bugbane. More than
275 species of flowering plants, including Siberian spring beauty,
bluehead gilia, Detling's silverpuffs, bushy blazingstar, southern
Oregon buttercup, Oregon geranium, mountain lady slipper, Egg Lake
monkeyflower, green-flowered ginger, and Coronis fritillary can be found
here. Ferns such as the fragile fern, lace fern, and western sword fern
contribute to the lush green landscape.
Ancient sugar pine and ponderosa pine thrive in the Lost Lake Research
Natural Area in the north, along with white fir and Douglas fir, with
patches of Oregon white oak and California black oak. Occasional giant
chinquapin, Pacific yew, and bigleaf maple contribute to the diversity
of tree species here. Shrubs such as western serviceberry, oceanspray,
Cascade barberry, and birchleaf mountain mahogany grow throughout the
area, along with herbaceous species including pale bellflower, broadleaf
starflower, pipsissewa, and Alaska oniongrass. Creamy stonecrop, a
flowering succulent, thrives on rocky hillsides. Patches of abundant
ferns include coffee cliffbrake and arrowleaf sword fern. Moon Prairie
contains a late successional stand of Douglas fir and white fir with
Pacific yew, ponderosa pine, and sugar pine.
Old Baldy's high-elevation forests in the northeast include Shasta red
fir, mountain hemlock, Pacific silver fir, and western white pine along
with Southern Oregon Cascades chaparral. Nearby, Tunnel Creek is a high-
altitude lodgepole pine swamp with bog blueberry and numerous sensitive
sedge species such as capitate sedge, lesser bladderwort, slender sedge,
tomentypnum moss, and Newberry's gentian.
The eastern portion of the expansion, in the area surrounding Surveyor
Mountain, is home to high desert species such as bitterbrush and
sagebrush, along with late successional dry coniferous forests
containing lodgepole pine, dry currant, and western white pine.
The Horseshoe Ranch Wildlife Area in Siskiyou County, California, offers
particularly significant ecological connectivity and integrity. The area
contains a broad meadow ecosystem punctuated by Oregon white oak and
western juniper woodlands alongside high desert species such as gray
rabbitbrush and antelope bitterbrush. The area is also home to

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the scarlet fritillary, Greene's mariposa lily, Bellinger's meadowfoam,
and California's only population of the endangered Gentner's fritillary.
The incredible biodiversity of plant communities in the expansion is
mirrored by equally stunning animal diversity, supported by the wide
variety of intact habitats and undisturbed corridors allowing animal
migration and movement. Perhaps most notably, the Cascade-Siskiyou
landscape, including the Upper Jenny Creek Watershed and the Southern
Cascades, provides vitally important habitat connectivity for the
threatened northern spotted owl. Other raptors, including the bald
eagle, golden eagle, white-tailed kite, peregrine falcon, merlin, great
gray owl, sharp-shinned hawk, Cooper's hawk, osprey, American kestrel,
northern goshawk, flammulated owl, and prairie falcon, soar above the
meadows, mountains, and forests as they seek their prey.
Ornithologists and birdwatchers alike come to the Cascade-Siskiyou
landscape for the variety of birds found here. Tricolored blackbird,
grasshopper sparrow, bufflehead, black swift, Lewis's woodpecker, purple
martin, blue grouse, common nighthawk, dusky flycatcher, lazuli bunting,
mountain quail, olive-sided flycatcher, Pacific-slope flycatcher,
pileated woodpecker, ruffed grouse, rufous hummingbird, varied thrush,
Vaux's swift, western meadowlark, western tanager, white-headed
woodpecker, and Wilson's warbler are among the many species of
terrestrial birds that make their homes in the expansion area. The
Oregon vesper sparrow, among the most imperiled bird species in the
region, has been documented in the meadows of the upper Jenny Creek
Watershed.
Shore and marsh birds, including the Tule goose, yellow rail, snowy
egret, harlequin duck, Franklin's gull, red-necked grebe, sandhill
crane, pintail, common goldeneye, bufflehead, greater yellowlegs, and
least sandpiper, also inhabit the expansion area's lakes, ponds, and
streams.
Diverse species of mammals, including the black-tailed deer, elk, pygmy
rabbit, American pika, and northern flying squirrel, depend upon the
extraordinary ecosystems found in the area. Beavers and river otters
inhabit the landscape's streams and rivers, while Horseshoe Ranch
Wildlife Area has been identified as a critical big game winter range.
Bat species including the pallid bat, Townsend's big-eared bat, and
fringed myotis hunt insects beginning at dusk. The expansion area
encompasses known habitat for endangered gray wolves, including a
portion of the area of known activity for the Keno wolves. Other
carnivores such as the Pacific fisher, cougar, American badger, black
bear, coyote, and American marten can be seen and studied in the
expansion area.
The landscape also contains many hydrologic features that capture the
interest of visitors. Rivers and streams cascade through the mountains,
and waterfalls such as Jenny Creek Falls provide aquatic habitat along
with scenic beauty. The upper headwaters of the Jenny Creek watershed
are vital to the ecological integrity of the watershed as a whole,
creating clear cold water that provides essential habitat for fish
living at the margin of their environmental tolerances. Fens and
wetlands, along with riparian wetlands and wet montane meadows, can be
found in the eastern portion of the expansion area. Lost Lake, in the
northernmost portion of the expansion area, contains a large lake that
serves as Western pond turtle habitat, along with another upstream
waterfall.

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The expansion area includes habitat for populations of the endemic Jenny
Creek sucker and Jenny Creek redband trout, as well as habitat for the
Klamath largescale sucker, the endangered shortnose sucker, and the
endangered Lost River sucker. The watershed also contains potential
habitat for the threatened coho salmon. Numerous species of aquatic
plants grow in the area's streams, lakes, and ponds.
Amphibians such as black salamander, Pacific giant salamander, foothill
yellow-legged frog, Cascade frog, the threatened Oregon spotted frog,
and the endemic Siskiyou Mountains salamander thrive here thanks to the
connectivity between terrestrial and aquatic habitats. Reptiles found in
the expansion area include the western pond turtle, northern alligator
lizard, desert striped whipsnake, and northern Pacific rattlesnake.
The Cascade-Siskiyou landscape's remarkable biodiversity includes the
astounding diversity of invertebrates found in the expansion, including
freshwater mollusks like the Oregon shoulderband, travelling sideband,
modoc rim sideband, Klamath taildropper, chase sideband, Fall Creek
pebblesnail, Keene Creek pebblesnail, and Siskiyou hesperian. The area
has been identified by evolutionary biologists as a center of endemism
and diversity for springsnails, and researchers have discovered four new
species of mygalomorph spiders in the expansion. Pollinators such as
Franklin's bumblebee, western bumblebee, and butterflies including
Johnson's hairstreak, gray blue butterfly, mardon skipper, and Oregon
branded skipper are critical to the ecosystems' success. Other insects
found here include the Siskiyou short-horned grasshopper and numerous
species of caddisfly.
The Cascade-Siskiyou landscape has long been a focus for scientific
studies of ecology, evolutionary biology, wildlife biology, entomology,
and botany. The expansion area provides an invaluable resource to
scientists and conservationists wishing to research and sustain the
functioning of the landscape's ecosystems into the future.
The expansion area includes numerous objects of scientific or historic
interest. This enlargement of the Cascade-Siskiyou National Monument
will maintain its diverse array of natural and scientific resources and
preserve its cultural and historic legacy, ensuring that the scientific
and historic values of this area remain for the benefit of all
Americans.
WHEREAS, section 320301 of title 54, United States Code (known as the
``Antiquities Act''), authorizes the President, in his discretion, to
declare by public proclamation historic landmarks, historic and
prehistoric structures, and other objects of historic or scientific
interest that are situated upon the lands owned or controlled by the
Federal Government to be national monuments, and to reserve as a part
thereof parcels of land, the limits of which in all cases shall be
confined to the smallest area compatible with the proper care and
management of the objects to be protected;
WHEREAS, it is in the public interest to preserve the objects of
scientific and historic interest on these public lands as an enlargement
of the boundary of the Cascade-Siskiyou National Monument;
NOW, THEREFORE, I, BARACK OBAMA, President of the United States of
America, by the authority vested in me by section 320301 of title 54,
United States Code, hereby proclaim the objects identified above that
are situated upon lands and interests in lands owned or

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controlled by the Federal Government to be part of the Cascade Siskiyou
National Monument and, for the purpose of protecting those objects,
reserve as part thereof all lands and interests in lands owned or
controlled by the Federal Government within the boundaries described on
the accompanying map, which is attached hereto and forms a part of this
proclamation. These reserved Federal lands and interests in lands
encompass approximately 48,000 acres. The boundaries described on the
accompanying map are confined to the smallest area compatible with the
proper care and management of the objects to be protected.
Nothing in this proclamation shall change the management of the areas
protected under Proclamation 7318. Terms used in this proclamation shall
have the same meaning as those defined in Proclamation 7318.
All Federal lands and interests in lands within the boundaries described
on the accompanying map are hereby appropriated and withdrawn from all
forms of entry, location, selection, sale, or other disposition under
the public land laws, from location, entry, and patent under the mining
laws, and from disposition under all laws relating to mineral and
geothermal leasing, other than by exchange that furthers the protective
purposes of the monument.
The enlargement of the boundary is subject to valid existing rights. If
the Federal Government subsequently acquires any lands or interests in
lands not owned or controlled by the Federal Government within the
boundaries described on the accompanying map, such lands and interests
in lands shall be reserved as a part of the monument, and objects
identified above that are situated upon those lands and interests in
lands shall be part of the monument, upon acquisition of ownership or
control by the Federal Government.
The Secretary of the Interior (Secretary) shall manage the area being
added to the monument through the Bureau of Land Management as a unit of
the National Landscape Conservation System, under the same laws and
regulations that apply to the rest of the monument, except that the
Secretary may issue a travel management plan that authorizes snowmobile
and non-motorized mechanized use off of roads in the area being added by
this proclamation, so long as such use is consistent with the care and
management of the objects identified above.
Nothing in this proclamation shall preclude low-level overflights of
military aircraft, the designation of new units of special use airspace,
or the use or establishment of military flight training routes over the
lands reserved by this proclamation consistent with the care and
management of the objects identified above.
Nothing in this proclamation shall be deemed to enlarge or diminish the
jurisdiction of the State of Oregon or the State of California with
respect to fish and wildlife management.
Nothing in this proclamation shall be deemed to revoke any existing
withdrawal, reservation, or appropriation; however, the monument shall
be the dominant reservation.
Warning is hereby given to all unauthorized persons not to appropriate,
injure, destroy, or remove any feature of this monument and not to
locate or settle upon any of the lands thereof.

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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, I have hereunto set my hand this twelfth day of
January, in the year of our Lord two thousand seventeen, and of the
Independence of the United States of America the two hundred and forty-
first.
BARACK OBAMA

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