United States Statutes at Large, Volume 125, 112th Congress, 1st Session

[United States Statutes at Large, Volume 125, 112th Congress, 1st Session]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office, www.gpo.gov]


Public Law 112-57
112th Congress

An Act


 
To amend the Peace Corps Act to require sexual assault risk-reduction
and response training, the development of a sexual assault policy, the
establishment of an Office of Victim Advocacy, the establishment of a
Sexual Assault Advisory Council, and for other purposes. <>

Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the
United States of America in Congress assembled, <>
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

This Act may be cited as the ``Kate Puzey Peace Corps Volunteer
Protection Act of 2011''.
SEC. 2. <>  PEACE CORPS VOLUNTEER PROTECTION.

The Peace Corps Act is amended by inserting after section 8 (22
U.S.C. 2507) the following new sections:


``sexual assault risk-reduction and response training


``Sec. 8A.  (a) <>  In General.--As part of the
training provided to all volunteers under section 8(a), the President
shall develop and implement comprehensive sexual assault risk-reduction
and response training that, to the extent practicable, conforms to best
practices in the sexual assault field.

``(b) Development and Consultation With Experts.--In developing the
sexual assault risk-reduction and response training under subsection
(a), the President shall consult with and incorporate, as appropriate,
the recommendations and views of experts in the sexual assault field.
``(c) Subsequent Training.--Once a volunteer has arrived in his or
her country of service, the President shall provide the volunteer with
training tailored to the country of service that includes cultural
training relating to gender relations, risk-reduction strategies,
treatment available in such country (including sexual assault forensic
exams, post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) for HIV exposure, screening for
sexually transmitted diseases, and pregnancy testing), MedEvac
procedures, and information regarding a victim's right to pursue legal
action against a perpetrator.
``(d) Information Regarding Crimes and Risks.--Each applicant for
enrollment as a volunteer shall be provided with information regarding
crimes against and risks to volunteers in the country in which the
applicant has been invited to serve, including an overview of past
crimes against volunteers in the country.
``(e) Contact Information.--The President shall provide each
applicant, before the applicant enrolls as a volunteer, with--

[[Page 737]]

``(1) the contact information of the Inspector General of
the Peace Corps for purposes of reporting sexual assault
mismanagement or any other mismanagement, misconduct,
wrongdoing, or violations of law or policy whenever it involves
a Peace Corps employee, volunteer, contractor, or outside party
that receives funds from the Peace Corps;
``(2) <>  clear, written guidelines
regarding whom to contact, including the direct telephone number
for the designated Sexual Assault Response Liaison (SARL) and
the Office of Victim Advocacy and what steps to take in the
event of a sexual assault or other crime; and
``(3) contact information for a 24-hour sexual assault
hotline to be established for the purpose of providing
volunteers a mechanism to anonymously--
``(A) report sexual assault;
``(B) receive crisis counseling in the event of a
sexual assault; and
``(C) seek information about Peace Corps sexual
assault reporting and response procedures.

``(f) Definitions.--In this section and sections 8B through 8G:
``(1) Personally identifying information.--The term
`personally identifying information' means individually
identifying information for or about a volunteer who is a victim
of sexual assault, including information likely to disclose the
location of such victim, including the following:
``(A) A first and last name.
``(B) A home or other physical address.
``(C) Contact information (including a postal,
email, or Internet protocol address, or telephone or
facsimile number).
``(D) A social security number.
``(E) Any other information, including date of
birth, racial or ethnic background, or religious
affiliation, that, in combination with information
described in subparagraphs (A) through (D), would serve
to identify the victim.
``(2) Restricted reporting.--
``(A) In general.--The term `restricted reporting'
means a system of reporting that allows a volunteer who
is sexually assaulted to confidentially disclose the
details of his or her assault to specified individuals
and receive the services outlined in section 8B(c)
without the dissemination of his or her personally
identifying information except as necessary for the
provision of such services, and without automatically
triggering an official investigative process.
``(B) Exceptions.--In cases in which volunteers
elect restricted reporting, disclosure of their
personally identifying information is authorized to the
following persons or organizations when disclosure would
be for the following reasons:
``(i) Peace Corps staff or law enforcement
when authorized by the victim in writing.
``(ii) Peace Corps staff or law enforcement to
prevent or lessen a serious or imminent threat to
the health or safety of the victim or another
person.

[[Page 738]]

``(iii) SARLs, victim advocates or healthcare
providers when required for the provision of
victim services.
``(iv) State and Federal courts when ordered,
or if disclosure is required by Federal or State
statute.
``(C) Notice of disclosure and privacy protection.--
In cases in which information is disclosed pursuant to
subparagraph (B), the President shall--
``(i) make reasonable attempts to provide
notice to the volunteer with respect to whom such
information is being released; and
``(ii) take such action as is necessary to
protect the privacy and safety of the volunteer.
``(3) Sexual assault.--The term `sexual assault' means any
conduct prescribed by chapter 109A of title 18, United States
Code, whether or not the conduct occurs in the special maritime
and territorial jurisdiction of the United States, and includes
both assaults committed by offenders who are strangers to the
victim and assaults committed by offenders who are known or
related by blood or marriage to the victim.
``(4) Stalking.--The term `stalking' means engaging in a
course of conduct directed at a specific person that would cause
a reasonable person to--
``(A) fear for his or her safety or the safety of
others; or
``(B) suffer substantial emotional distress.


``sexual assault policy


``Sec. 8B.  (a) <>  In General.--The President
shall develop and implement a comprehensive sexual assault policy that--
``(1) includes a system for restricted and unrestricted
reporting of sexual assault;
``(2) mandates, for each Peace Corps country program, the
designation of a Sexual Assault Response Liaison (SARL), who
shall receive comprehensive training on procedures to respond to
reports of sexual assault, with duties including ensuring that
volunteers who are victims of sexual assault are moved to a safe
environment and accompanying victims through the in-country
response at the request of the victim;
``(3) requires SARLs to immediately contact a Victim
Advocate upon receiving a report of sexual assault in accordance
with the restricted and unrestricted reporting guidelines
promulgated by the Peace Corps;
``(4) to the extent practicable, conforms to best practices
in the sexual assault field;
``(5) is applicable to all posts at which volunteers serve;
and
``(6) includes a guarantee that volunteers will not suffer
loss of living allowances for reporting a sexual assault.

``(b) Development and Consultation With Experts.--In developing the
sexual assault policy under subsection (a), the President shall consult
with and incorporate, as appropriate, the recommendations and views of
experts in the sexual assault field, including experts with
international experience.
``(c) Elements.--The sexual assault policy developed under
subsection (a) shall include, at a minimum, the following services with
respect to a volunteer who has been a victim of sexual assault:

[[Page 739]]

``(1) The option of pursuing either restricted or
unrestricted reporting of an assault.
``(2) Provision of a SARL and Victim's Advocate to the
volunteer.
``(3) At a volunteer's discretion, provision of a sexual
assault forensic exam in accordance with applicable host country
law.
``(4) If necessary, the provision of emergency health care,
including a mechanism for such volunteer to evaluate such
provider.
``(5) If necessary, the provision of counseling and
psychiatric medication.
``(6) Completion of a safety and treatment plan with the
volunteer, if necessary.
``(7) Evacuation of such volunteer for medical treatment,
accompanied by a Peace Corps staffer at the request of such
volunteer. When evacuated to the United States, such volunteer
shall be provided, to the extent practicable, a choice of
medical providers including a mechanism for such volunteers to
evaluate the provider.
``(8) An explanation to the volunteer of available law
enforcement and prosecutorial options, and legal representation.

``(d) Training.--The President shall train all staff outside the
United States regarding the sexual assault policy developed under
subsection (a).


``office of victim advocacy


``Sec. 8C.  (a) <>  Establishment of Office of
Victims Advocacy.--
``(1) In general.--The President shall establish an Office
of Victim Advocacy in Peace Corps headquarters headed by a full-
time victim advocate who shall report directly to the Director.
The Office of Victim Advocacy may deploy personnel abroad when
necessary to help assist victims.
``(2) Prohibition.--Peace Corps Medical Officers, Safety and
Security Officers, and program staff may not serve as victim
advocates. The victim advocate referred to in paragraph (1) may
not have any other duties in the Peace Corps that are not
reasonably connected to victim advocacy.
``(3) Exemption.--The victim advocate and any additional
victim advocates shall be exempt from the limitations specified
in subparagraphs (A) and (B) of paragraph (2) and paragraph (5)
under section 7(a) of the Peace Corps Act (22 U.S.C. 2506(a)).

``(b) Responsibilities.--
``(1) Victims of sexual assault.--The Office of Victim
Advocacy shall help develop and update the sexual assault risk-
reduction and response training described in section 8A and the
sexual assault policy described in section 8B, ensure that
volunteers who are victims of sexual assault receive services
specified in section 8B(c), and facilitate their access to such
services.
``(2) Other crimes.--In addition to assisting victims of
sexual assault in accordance with paragraph (1), the Office of
Victim Advocacy shall assist volunteers who are victims of crime
by making such victims aware of the services available to them
and facilitating their access to such services.

[[Page 740]]

``(3) Priority.--The Office of Victim Advocacy shall give
priority to cases involving serious crimes, including sexual
assault and stalking.

``(c) Status Updates.--The Office of Victim Advocacy shall provide
to volunteers who are victims regular updates on the status of their
cases if such volunteers have opted to pursue prosecution.
``(d) Transition.--The Office of Victim Advocacy shall assist
volunteers who are victims of crime and whose service has terminated in
receiving the services specified in section 8B(c) requested by such
volunteer.
``(e) Sunset.--This section shall cease to be effective on October
1, 2018.


``establishment of sexual assault advisory council


``Sec. 8D.  (a) <>  Establishment.--There is
established a Sexual Assault Advisory Council (in this section referred
to as the `Council').

``(b) Membership.--The <>  Council shall be
composed of not less than 8 individuals selected by the President, not
later than 180 days after the date of the enactment of this section, who
are returned volunteers (including volunteers who were victims of sexual
assault and volunteers who were not victims of sexual assault) and
governmental and nongovernmental experts and professionals in the sexual
assault field. No Peace Corps employee shall be a member of the Council.
The number of governmental experts appointed to the Council shall not
exceed the number of nongovernmental experts.

``(c) Functions; Meetings.--The Council shall meet not less often
than annually to review the sexual assault risk-reduction and response
training developed under section 8A, the sexual assault policy developed
under section 8B, and such other matters related to sexual assault the
Council views as appropriate, to ensure that such training and policy
conform to the extent practicable to best practices in the sexual
assault field.
``(d) Reports.--On an annual basis for 5 years after the date of the
enactment of this section and at the discretion of the Council
thereafter, the Council shall submit to the President and the Committee
on Foreign Relations and the Committee on Appropriations of the Senate
and the Committee on Foreign Affairs and the Committee on Appropriations
of the House of Representatives a report on its findings based on the
reviews conducted pursuant to subsection (c).
``(e) Employee Status.--Members of the Council shall not be
considered employees of the United States Government for any purpose and
shall not receive compensation other than reimbursement of travel
expenses and per diem allowance in accordance with section 5703 of title
5, United States Code.
``(f) Nonapplicability of FACA.--The Federal Advisory Committee Act
(5 U.S.C. App.) shall not apply to the Council.
``(g) Sunset.--This section shall cease to be effective on October
1, 2018.


``volunteer feedback and peace corps review


``Sec. 8E.  (a) <>  Monitoring and
Evaluation.--Not later than 1 year after the date of the enactment of
this section, the President shall establish goals, metrics, and
monitoring and evaluation plans

[[Page 741]]

for all Peace Corps programs. Monitoring and evaluation plans shall
incorporate best practices from monitoring and evaluation studies and
analyses.

``(b) Performance Plans and Elements.--The President shall establish
performance plans with performance elements and standards for Peace
Corps representatives and shall review the performance of Peace Corps
representatives not less than annually to determine whether they have
met these performance elements and standards. Nothing in this subsection
shall be construed as limiting the discretion of the President to remove
a Peace Corps representative.
``(c) Annual Volunteer Surveys.--Annually through September 30,
2018, the President shall conduct a confidential survey of volunteers
regarding the effectiveness of Peace Corps programs and staff and the
safety of volunteers. The results shall be provided in aggregate form
without identifying information to the Committee on Foreign Relations
and the Committee on Appropriations of the Senate and the Committee on
Foreign Affairs and the Committee on Appropriations of the House of
Representatives. Results from the annual volunteer survey shall be
considered in reviewing the performance of Peace Corps representatives
under subsection (a).
``(d) Peace Corps Inspector General.--The Inspector General of the
Peace Corps shall--
``(1) <>  submit to the Committee
on Foreign Relations and the Committee on Appropriations of the
Senate and the Committee on Foreign Affairs and the Committee on
Appropriations of the House of Representatives--
``(A) a report, not later than one year after the
date of the enactment of this section, and biennially
through September 30, 2018, on reports received from
volunteers relating to misconduct, mismanagement, or
policy violations of Peace Corps staff, any breaches of
the confidentiality of volunteers, and any actions taken
to assure the safety of volunteers who provide such
reports;
``(B) a report, not later than two years and five
years after the date of the enactment of this section,
evaluating the effectiveness and implementation of the
sexual assault risk-reduction and response training
developed under section 8A and the sexual assault policy
developed under section 8B, including a case review of a
statistically significant number of cases; and
``(C) a report, not later than two years after the
date of the enactment of this section, describing how
Peace Corps representatives are hired, how Peace Corps
representatives are terminated, and how Peace Corps
representatives hire staff, including an assessment of
the implementation of the performance plans described in
subsection (b); and
``(2) <>  when conducting audits or
evaluations of Peace Corps programs overseas, notify the
Director of the Peace Corps about the results of such
evaluations, including concerns the Inspector General has noted,
if any, about the performance of Peace Corps representatives,
for appropriate action.

``(e) Portfolio Reviews.--
``(1) In general.--The President shall, at least once every
3 years, perform a review to evaluate the allocation and
delivery of resources across the countries the Peace Corps
serves or

[[Page 742]]

is considering for service. Such portfolio reviews shall at a
minimum include the following with respect to each such country:
``(A) An evaluation of the country's commitment to
the Peace Corps program.
``(B) An analysis of the safety and security of
volunteers.
``(C) An evaluation of the country's need for
assistance.
``(D) An analysis of country program costs.
``(E) An evaluation of the effectiveness of
management of each post within a country.
``(F) An evaluation of the country's congruence with
the Peace Corp's mission and strategic priorities.
``(2) Briefing.--Upon request of the Chairman and Ranking
Member of the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate or
the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of
Representatives, the President shall brief such committees on
each portfolio review required under paragraph (1). If
requested, each such briefing shall discuss performance measures
and sources of data used (such as project status reports,
volunteer surveys, impact studies, reports of Inspector General
of the Peace Corps, and any relevant external sources) in making
the findings and conclusions in such review.


``establishment of a policy on stalking


``Sec. 8F.  (a) <>  In General.--The President
shall develop and implement a comprehensive policy on stalking that--
``(1) requires an immediate, effective, and thorough
response from the Peace Corps upon receipt of a report of
stalking;
``(2) provides, during training, all Peace Corps volunteers
with a point of contact for the reporting of stalking; and
``(3) protects the confidentiality of volunteers who report
stalking to the maximum extent practicable.

``(b) Development and Consultation With Experts.--In developing the
stalking policy under subsection (a), the President shall consult with
and incorporate, as appropriate, the recommendations and views of those
with expertise regarding the crime of stalking.
``(c) Training of In-country Staff.--The President shall provide for
the training of all in-country staff regarding the stalking policy
developed under subsection (a).


``establishment of a confidentiality protection policy


``Sec. 8G.  (a) <>  In General.--The President
shall establish and maintain a process to allow volunteers to report
incidents of misconduct or mismanagement, or violations of any policy,
of the Peace Corps in order to protect the confidentiality and safety of
such volunteers and of the information reported, and to ensure that such
information is acted on appropriately. This process shall conform to
existing best practices regarding confidentiality.

``(b) Guidance.--The President shall provide additional training to
officers and employees of the Peace Corps who have access to information
reported by volunteers under subsection (a) in order to protect against
the inappropriate disclosures of such information and ensure the safety
of such volunteers.

[[Page 743]]

``(c) Penalty.--Any Peace Corps volunteer or staff member who is
responsible for maintaining confidentiality under subsection (a) and who
breaches such duty shall be subject to disciplinary action, including
termination, and in the case of a staff member, ineligibility for re-
employment with the Peace Corps.


``removal and assessment and evaluation


``Sec. 8H.  (a) <>  In General.--If a volunteer
requests removal from the site in which such volunteer is serving
because the volunteer feels at risk of imminent bodily harm, the
President shall, as expeditiously as practical after receiving such
request, remove the volunteer from the site. If the President receives
such a request, the President shall assess and evaluate the safety of
such site and may not assign another volunteer to the site until such
time as the assessment and evaluation is complete and the site has been
determined to be safe. Volunteers may remain at a site during the
assessment and evaluation.

``(b) Determination of Site as Unsafe.--If the President determines
that a site is unsafe for any remaining volunteers at the site, the
President shall, as expeditiously as practical, remove all volunteers
from the site.
``(c) Tracking and Recording.--The President shall establish a
global tracking and recording system to track and record incidents of
crimes against volunteers.


``reporting requirements


``Sec. 8I.  (a) <>  In General.--The President
shall annually through September 30, 2018, submit to the Committee on
Foreign Relations and the Committee on Appropriations of the Senate and
the Committee on Foreign Affairs and the Committee on Appropriations of
the House of Representatives a report summarizing information on--

``(1) sexual assault of volunteers;
``(2) other crimes against volunteers;
``(3) the number of arrests, prosecutions, and incarcerations for
crimes involving Peace Corps volunteers for every country in which
volunteers serve; and
``(4) the annual rate of early termination of volunteers, including
demographic data associated with such early termination.
``(b) GAO.--Not later than one year after the date of the enactment
of this section, the Comptroller General of the United States shall
submit to the Committee on Foreign Relations and the Committee on
Appropriations of the Senate and the Committee on Foreign Affairs and
the Committee on Appropriations of the House of Representatives a report
evaluating the quality and accessibility of health care provided through
the Department of Labor to returned volunteers upon their separation
from the Peace Corps.
``(c) Access to Communications.--
``(1) In general.--The President shall determine the level
of access to communication, including cellular and Internet
access, of each volunteer.
``(2) Report.--Not later than six months after the date of
the enactment of this section, the President shall submit to the
Committee on Foreign Relations and the Committee on
Appropriations of the Senate and the Committee on Foreign
Affairs and the Committee on Appropriations of the House

[[Page 744]]

of Representatives a report on the costs, feasibility, and
benefits of providing all volunteers with access to adequate
communication, including cellular service and Internet
access.''.
SEC. 3. RETENTION OF COUNSEL FOR CRIME VICTIMS.

Section 5(l) of the Peace Corps Act (22 U.S.C. 2504(l)) is amended
by inserting before the period at the end the following: ``and counsel
may be employed and counsel fees, court costs and other expenses may be
paid in the support of volunteers who are parties, complaining
witnesses, or otherwise participating in the prosecution of crimes
committed against such volunteers''.
SEC. 4. SENSE OF CONGRESS ON STAFFING OF OFFICE OF VICTIM
ADVOCACY.

It is the sense of Congress that--
(1) the Office of Victim Advocacy established under section
8C of the Peace Corps Act, as added by section 2, should provide
an adequate number of victim advocates so that each victim of
crime receives critical information and support;
(2) any full-time victim advocates and any additional victim
advocates should be credentialed by a national victims
assistance body; and
(3) the training required under section 8A(a) of the Peace
Corps Act, as added by section 2, should be credentialed by a
national victims assistance body.
SEC. 5. PERSONAL SERVICE CONTRACTS.

The Peace Corps Act is amended--
(1) in section 7(a)(3) (22 U.S.C. 2506(a)(3)), by inserting
``, or contracted with for personal services under section
10(a)(5),'' after ``employed, appointed, or assigned under this
subsection''; and
(2) in section 10(a)(5) (22 U.S.C. 2509(a)(5)), by striking
``any purpose'' and inserting ``the purposes of any law
administered by the Office of Personnel Management (except that
the President may determine the applicability to such
individuals of provisions of the Foreign Service Act of 1980 (22
U.S.C. 3901 et seq.))''.
SEC. 6. INDEPENDENCE OF THE INSPECTOR GENERAL OF THE PEACE CORPS.

Section 7(a) of the Peace Corps Act (22 U.S.C. 2506(a)) is amended
by adding at the end the following new paragraph:
``(7) The limitations specified in subparagraphs (A) and (B)
of paragraph (2) and in paragraph (5) shall not apply to--
``(A) the Inspector General of the Peace Corps; and
``(B) officers and employees of the Office of the
Inspector General of the Peace Corps.''.
SEC. 7. <>  CONFORMING SAFETY AND
SECURITY AGREEMENT REGARDING PEACE CORPS
VOLUNTEERS SERVING IN FOREIGN COUNTRIES.

(a) In General.--Not later <>  than
180 days after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Director of
the Peace Corps shall consult with the Assistant Secretary of State for
Diplomatic Security and enter into a memorandum of understanding that
specifies the

[[Page 745]]

duties and obligations of the Peace Corps and the Bureau of Diplomatic
Security of the Department of State with respect to the protection of
Peace Corps volunteers and staff members serving in foreign countries,
including with respect to investigations of safety and security
incidents and crimes committed against volunteers and staff members.

(b) Inspector General Review.--
(1) Review.--The Inspector General of the Peace Corps shall
review the memorandum of understanding described in subsection
(a) and be afforded the opportunity to recommend changes that
advance the safety and security of Peace Corps volunteers before
entry into force of the memorandum of understanding.
(2) Report.--The Director of the Peace Corps shall consider
the recommendations of the Inspector General of the Peace Corps
regarding the memorandum of understanding described in
subsection (a). If the Director enters into the memorandum of
understanding without implementing a recommendation of the
Inspector General, the Director shall submit to the Inspector
General a written explanation relating thereto.

(c) Failure to Meet Deadline.--
(1) Requirement to submit report.--If, by the date that is
180 days after the date of the enactment of this Act, the
Director of the Peace Corps is unable to obtain agreement with
the Assistant Secretary of State for Diplomatic Security and
certification by the Inspector General of the Peace Corps, the
Director shall submit to the committees of Congress specified in
paragraph (2) a report explaining the reasons for such failure
and a certification that substantial steps are being taken to
make progress toward agreement.
(2) Committees of congress specified.--The committees of
Congress specified in this paragraph are the Committee on
Foreign Relations of the Senate and the Committee on Foreign
Affairs of the House of Representatives.
SEC. 8. CONFORMING AMENDMENTS.

(a) Inclusion of Sexual Assault Risk-reduction and Response
Training.--The Peace Corps Act is amended--
(1) in section 5(a) (22 U.S.C. 2504(a)), in the second
sentence, by inserting ``(including training under section 8A)''
after ``training''; and
(2) in section 8(a) (22 U.S.C. 2507(a)), in the first
sentence, by inserting ``, including training under section
8A,'' after ``training''.

(b) Certain Services.--Section 5(e) of the Peace Corps Act (22
U.S.C. 2504(e)) is amended, in the first sentence--
(1) by inserting ``(including, if necessary, for volunteers
and trainees, services under section 8B)'' after ``health
care''; and
(2) by inserting ``including services provided in accordance
with section 8B (except that the six-month limitation shall not
apply in the case of such services),'' before ``as the
President''.
SEC. 9. <>  OFFSET OF COSTS AND
PERSONNEL.

Notwithstanding any other provision of law, the Direct of the Peace
Corps shall--

[[Page 746]]

(1) eliminate such initiatives, positions, and programs
within the Peace Corps (other than within the Office of
Inspector General) as the Director deems necessary to ensure any
and all costs incurred to carry out the provisions of this Act,
and the amendments made by this Act, are entirely offset;
(2) ensure no net increase in personnel are added to carry
out the provisions of this Act, with any new full or part time
employees or equivalents offset by eliminating an equivalent
number of existing staff (other than within the Office of
Inspector General);
(3) <>  report to Congress not
later than 60 days after the date of the enactment of this Act
the actions taken to ensure compliance with paragraphs (1) and
(2), including the specific initiatives, positions, and programs
within the Peace Corps that have been eliminated to ensure that
the costs of carrying out this Act will be offset; and
(4) <>  not implement any other
provision of this Act (other than paragraphs (1), (2), and (3))
or any amendment made by this Act until the Director has
certified that the actions specified in paragraphs (1), (2), and
(3) have been completed.

Approved November 21, 2011.

LEGISLATIVE HISTORY--S. 1280:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

SENATE REPORTS: No. 112-82 (Comm. on Foreign Relations).
CONGRESSIONAL RECORD, Vol. 157 (2011):
Sept. 26, considered and passed Senate.
Nov. 1, considered and passed House.