[United States Senate Manual, 116th Congress]
[S. Doc. 116-1]
[Statistical Data]
[Pages 591-595]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office, www.gpo.gov]


[[Page 591]]

            ------------------------------------------------------------
 
                        PRESIDENTS PRO TEMPORE OF THE SENATE

             FROM THE FIRST CONGRESS TO THE END OF THE FIRST SESSION OF 
                         THE ONE HUNDRED SIXTEENTH CONGRESS
            ------------------------------------------------------------

            [In earlier years the appointment or election of a President 
                pro tempore was held by the Senate to be for the 
                occasion only, so that more than one appears in several 
                sessions and in others none were chosen. Since Mar. 12, 
                1890, however, they have served until ``the Senate 
                otherwise ordered.'']

 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                      Name of President pro
              Congress                       tempore                  State                     Elected
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
First..............................  John Langdon..........  New Hampshire            Apr. 6, 1789.
                                                                                      Aug. 7, 1789
Second.............................  Richard Henry Lee.....  Virginia                 Apr. 18, 1792.
    Do.............................  John Langdon..........  New Hampshire            Nov. 5, 1792.
                                                                                      Mar. 1, 1793.
Third..............................  Ralph Izard...........  South Carolina           May 31, 1794.
    Do.............................  Henry Tazewell........  Virginia                 Feb. 20, 1795.\1\
Fourth.............................  ......do..............  ......do                 Dec. 7, 1795.
    Do.............................  Samuel Livermore......  New Hampshire            May 6, 1796.
    Do.............................  William Bingham.......  Pennsylvania             Feb. 16, 1797.
Fifth..............................  William Bradford......  Rhode Island             July 6, 1797.
    Do.............................  Jacob Read............  South Carolina           Nov. 22, 1797.
    Do.............................  Theodore Sedgwick.....  Massachusetts            June 27, 1798.
    Do.............................  John Laurance.........  New York                 Dec. 6, 1798.
    Do.............................  James Ross............  Pennsylvania             Mar. 1, 1799.
Sixth..............................  Samuel Livermore......  New Hampshire            Dec. 2, 1799.
    Do.............................  Uriah Tracy...........  Connecticut              May 14, 1800.
    Do.............................  John E. Howard........  Maryland                 Nov. 21, 1800.
    Do.............................  James Hillhouse.......  Connecticut              Feb. 28, 1801.
Seventh............................  Abraham Baldwin.......  Georgia                  Dec. 7, 1801.
                                                                                      Apr. 17, 1802.
    Do.............................  Stephen R. Bradley....  Vermont                  Dec. 14, 1802.
                                                                                      Feb. 25, 1803.
                                                                                      Mar. 2, 1803.
Eighth.............................  John Brown............  Kentucky                 Oct. 17, 1803.
                                                                                      Jan. 23, 1804.
    Do.............................  Jesse Franklin........  North Carolina           Mar. 10, 1804.
    Do.............................  Joseph Anderson.......  Tennessee                Jan. 15, 1805.
                                                                                      Feb. 28, 1805.
                                                                                      Mar. 2, 1805.
Ninth..............................  Samuel Smith..........  Maryland                 Dec. 2, 1805.
                                                                                      Mar. 18, 1806.
                                                                                      Mar. 2, 1807.
Tenth..............................  ......do..............  ......do                 Apr. 16, 1808.
    Do.............................  Stephen R. Bradley....  Vermont                  Dec. 28, 1808.
    Do.............................  John Milledge.........  Georgia                  Jan. 30, 1809.
Eleventh...........................  Andrew Gregg..........  Pennsylvania             June 26, 1809.
    Do.............................  John Gaillard.........  South Carolina           Feb. 28, 1810.
                                                                                      Apr. 17, 1810.
    Do.............................  John Pope.............  Kentucky                 Feb. 23, 1811.
Twelfth............................  William H. Crawford...  Georgia                  Mar. 24, 1812.
Thirteenth.........................  Joseph B. Varnum......  Massachusetts            Dec. 6, 1813.
    Do.............................  John Gaillard.........  South Carolina           Apr. 18, 1814.
                                                                                      Nov. 25, 1814, upon the
                                                                                       death of Vice President
                                                                                       Elbridge Gerry.\2\

See footnotes at end of table.



[[Page 592]]

 
Fourteenth.........................  ......do..............  ......do                 Mar. 6, 1817.
Fifteenth..........................  ......do..............  ......do                 Mar. 31, 1818.\3\
    Do.............................  James Barbour.........  Virginia                 Feb. 15, 1819.
Sixteenth..........................  John Gaillard.........  South Carolina           Jan. 25, 1820.
Seventeenth........................  ......do..............  ......do                 Feb. 1, 1822.
                                                                                      Feb. 19, 1823.
Eighteenth.........................  ......do..............  ......do                 May 21, 1824.
Nineteenth.........................  ......do..............  ......do                 Mar. 9, 1825.\4\
    Do.............................  Nathaniel Macon.......  North Carolina           May 20, 1826.
                                                                                      Jan. 2, 1827.
                                                                                      Mar. 2, 1827.
Twentieth..........................  Samuel Smith..........  Maryland                 May 15, 1828.\5\
Twenty-first.......................  ......do..............  ......do                 Mar. 13, 1829.\4\
                                                                                      May 29, 1830.
                                                                                      Mar. 1, 1831.\6\
Twenty-second......................  Littleton W. Tazewell.  Virginia                 July 9, 1832.
    Do.............................  Hugh L. White.........  Tennessee                Dec. 3, 1832.
Twenty-third.......................  ......do..............  ......do                       (\7\)
    Do.............................  George Poindexter.....  Mississippi              June 28, 1834.
    Do.............................  John Tyler............  Virginia                 Mar. 3, 1835.
Twenty-fourth......................  William R. King.......  Alabama                  July 1, 1836.
                                                                                      Jan. 28, 1837.
Twenty-fifth.......................  ......do..............  ......do                 Mar. 7, 1837.\4\
                                                                                      Oct. 13, 1837.
                                                                                      July 2, 1838.
                                                                                      Feb. 25, 1839.
Twenty-sixth.......................  ......do..............  ......do                       (\7\)
                                                                                      July 3, 1840.
                                                                                      Mar. 3, 1841.
Twenty-seventh.....................  ......do..............  ......do                 Mar. 4, 1841.\4\
    Do.............................  Samuel L. Southard....  New Jersey               Mar. 11, 1841.\8\
    Do.............................  Willie P. Mangum......  North Carolina           May 31, 1842.
Twenty-eighth......................  ......do..............  ......do                       (\7\)
Twenty-ninth.......................  Ambrose H. Sevier.....  Arkansas                 Dec. 27, 1845.\9\
    Do.............................  David R. Atchison.....  Missouri                 Aug. 8, 1846.
                                                                                      Jan. 11, 1847.
                                                                                      Mar. 3, 1847.
Thirtieth..........................  ......do..............  ......do                 Feb. 2, 1848.
                                                                                      June 1, 1848.
                                                                                      June 26, 1848.
                                                                                      July 29, 1848.
                                                                                      Dec. 26, 1848.
                                                                                      Mar. 2, 1849.
Thirty-first.......................  ......do..............  ......do                 Mar. 5, 1849.\4\
                                                                                      Mar. 16, 1849.
    Do.............................  William R. King.......  Alabama                  May 6, 1850.
                                                                                      July 11, 1850.
Thirty-second......................  ......do..............  ......do                       (\10\)
    Do.............................  David R. Atchison.....  Missouri                 Dec. 20, 1852.
Thirty-third.......................  ......do..............  ......do                 Mar. 4, 1853.\4\
    Do.............................  Lewis Cass............  Michigan                 Dec. 4, 1854.
    Do.............................  Jesse D. Bright.......  Indiana                  Dec. 5, 1854.
Thirty-fourth......................  Charles E. Stuart.....  Michigan                 June 9, 1856.\11\
    Do.............................  Jesse D. Bright.......  Indiana                  June 11, 1856.
    Do.............................  James M. Mason........  Virginia                 Jan. 6, 1857.\12\
Thirty-fifth.......................  ......do..............  ......do                 Mar. 4, 1857.\4\
    Do.............................  Thomas J. Rusk........  Texas                    Mar. 14, 1857.\4\
    Do.............................  Benjamin Fitzpatrick..  Alabama                  Dec. 7, 1857.
                                                                                      Mar. 29, 1858.
                                                                                      June 14, 1858.
                                                                                      Jan. 25, 1859.
Thirty-sixth.......................  ......do..............  ......do                 Mar. 9, 1859.\4\
                                                                                      Dec. 19, 1859.
                                                                                      Feb. 20, 1860.\4\
                                                                                      June 26, 1860.
    Do.............................  Jesse D. Bright.......  Indiana                  June 12, 1860.
    Do.............................  Benjamin Fitzpatrick..  Alabama                  June 26, 1860.
    Do.............................  Solomon Foot..........  Vermont                  Feb. 16, 1861.

[[Page 593]]

 
Thirty-seventh.....................  Solomon Foot..........  ......do                 Mar. 23, 1861.\4\
                                                                                      July 18, 1861.
                                                                                      Jan. 15, 1862.
                                                                                      Mar. 31, 1862.
                                                                                      June 19, 1862.
                                                                                      Feb. 18, 1863.
Thirty-eighth......................  ......do..............  ......do                 Mar. 4, 1863.\4\
                                                                                      Dec. 18, 1863.
                                                                                      Feb. 23, 1864.
                                                                                      Mar. 11, 1864.
                                                                                      Apr. 11, 1864.
    Do.............................  Daniel Clark..........  New Hampshire            Apr. 26, 1864.
                                                                                      Feb. 9, 1865.
Thirty-ninth.......................  Layfayette S. Foster..  Connecticut              Mar. 7, 1865.\13\
    Do.............................  Benjamin F. Wade......  Ohio                     Mar. 2, 1867.
Fortieth...........................  ......do..............  ......do                       (\7\)
Forty-first........................  Henry B. Anthony......  Rhode Island             Mar. 23, 1869.
                                                                                      Apr. 9, 1869.
                                                                                      May 28, 1870.
                                                                                      July 1, 1870.
                                                                                      July 14, 1870.
Forty-second.......................  ......do..............  ......do                 Mar. 10, 1871.
                                                                                      Apr. 17, 1871.
                                                                                      May 23, 1871.\4\
                                                                                      Dec. 21, 1871.
                                                                                      Feb. 23, 1872.
                                                                                      June 8, 1872.
                                                                                      Dec. 4, 1872.
                                                                                      Dec. 13, 1872.
                                                                                      Dec. 20, 1872.
                                                                                      Jan. 24, 1873.
Forty-third........................  Matthew H. Carpenter..  Wisconsin                Mar. 12, 1873.\4\
                                                                                      Mar. 26, 1873.\4\
                                                                                      Dec. 11, 1873.
                                                                                      Dec. 23, 1874.
    Do.............................  Henry B. Anthony......  Rhode Island             Jan. 25, 1875.
                                                                                      Feb. 15, 1875.
Forty-fourth.......................  Thomas W. Ferry.......  Michigan                 Mar. 9, 1875.\4\
                                                                                      Mar. 19, 1875.\4\
                                                                                      Dec. 20, 1875.
Forty-fifth........................  ......do..............  ......do                 Mar. 5, 1877.\4\
                                                                                      Feb. 26, 1878.
                                                                                      Apr. 17, 1878.
                                                                                      Mar. 3, 1879.
Forty-sixth........................  Allen G. Thurman......  Ohio                     Apr. 15, 1879.
                                                                                      Apr. 7, 1880.
                                                                                      May 6, 1880.
Forty-seventh......................  Thomas F. Bayard......  Delaware                 Oct. 10, 1881.\4\
    Do.............................  David Davis...........  Illinois                 Oct. 13, 1881.\14\
    Do.............................  George F. Edmunds.....  Vermont                  Mar. 3, 1883.
Forty-eighth.......................  ......do..............  ......do                 Jan. 14, 1884.
Forty-ninth........................  John Sherman..........  Ohio                     Dec. 7, 1885.\15\
    Do.............................  John J. Ingalls.......  Kansas                   Feb. 26, 1887.
Fiftieth...........................  ......do..............  ......do                       (\7\)
Fifty-first........................  ......do..............  ......do                 Mar. 7, 1889.\4\
                                                                                      Apr. 2, 1889.\4\
                                                                                      Dec. 5, 1889.
                                                                                      Feb. 28, 1890.
                                                                                      Apr. 3, 1890.\16\
    Do.............................  Charles F. Manderson..  Nebraska                 Mar. 2, 1891.
Fifty-second.......................  ......do..............  ......do                 ..........................
Fifty-third........................  ......do..............  ......do                       (\17\)
    Do.............................  Isham G. Harris.......  Tennessee                Mar. 22, 1893.\4\
    Do.............................  Matt W. Ransom........  North Carolina           Jan. 7, 1895.\18\
    Do.............................  Isham G. Harris.......  Tennessee                Jan. 10, 1895.
Fifty-fourth.......................  William P. Frye.......  Maine                    Feb. 7, 1896.
Fifty-fifth........................  ......do..............  ......do                 ..........................
Fifty-sixth........................  ......do..............  ......do                 ..........................
Fifty-seventh......................  ......do..............  ......do                 Mar. 7, 1901.\4\
Fifty-eighth.......................  ......do..............  ......do                 ..........................
Fifty-ninth........................  ......do..............  ......do                 ..........................
Sixtieth...........................  ......do..............  ......do                 Dec. 5, 1907.

                See footnotes at end of table.

[[Page 594]]



 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                        Name of President pro
               Congress                        tempore                   State                   Elected
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Sixty-first..........................  ......do...............  ......do...............  .......................
Sixty-second.........................  ......do...............  ......do...............        (\19\)
    Do...............................  Augustus O. Bacon......  Georgia................  August 14, 1911.\20\
    Do...............................  Charles Curtis.........  Kansas.................  Dec. 4, 1911.\21\
    Do...............................  Augustus O. Bacon......  Georgia................  Jan. 15, 1912.\22\
    Do...............................  Jacob H. Gallinger.....  New Hampshire..........  Feb. 12, 1912.\23\
    Do...............................  Henry Cabot Lodge......  Massachusetts..........  Mar. 25, 1912.\24\
    Do...............................  ......do...............  ......do...............  May 25, 1912.
Sixty-third..........................  James P. Clarke........  Arkansas...............  Mar. 13, 1913.\4\
Sixty-fourth.........................  ......do...............  ......do...............  Dec. 6, 1915.\25\
    Do...............................  Willard Saulsbury......  Delaware...............  Dec. 14, 1916.
Sixty-fifth..........................  ......do...............  ......do...............  .......................
Sixty-sixth..........................  Albert B. Cummins......  Iowa...................  May 19, 1919.
Sixty-seventh........................  ......do...............  ......do...............  Mar. 7, 1921.\4\
Sixty-eighth.........................  ......do...............  ......do...............  .......................
Sixty-ninth..........................  ......do...............  ......do...............  .......................
    Do...............................  George H. Moses........  New Hampshire..........  Mar. 6, 1925.\4\
Seventieth...........................  ......do...............  ......do...............  Dec. 15, 1927.
Seventy-first........................  ......do...............  ......do...............  .......................
Seventy-second.......................  ......do...............  ......do...............  .......................
Seventy-third........................  Key Pittman............  Nevada.................  Mar. 9, 1933.
Seventy-fourth.......................  ......do...............  ......do...............  Jan. 7, 1935.
Seventy-fifth........................  ......do...............  ......do...............  .......................
Seventy-sixth........................  ......do...............  ......do...............        (\26\)
    Do...............................  William H. King........  Utah...................  Nov. 19, 1940.
Seventy-seventh......................  Pat Harrison...........  Mississippi............  Jan. 6, 1941.\27\
    Do...............................  Carter Glass...........  Virginia...............  July 10, 1941.
Seventy-eighth.......................  ......do...............  ......do...............  Jan. 14, 1943.
Seventy-ninth........................  Kenneth McKellar.......  Tennessee..............  Jan. 6, 1945.
Eightieth............................  Arthur H. Vandenberg...  Michigan...............  Jan. 4, 1947.
Eighty-first.........................  Kenneth McKellar.......  Tennessee..............  Jan. 3, 1949.
Eighty-second........................  ......do...............  ......do...............  .......................
Eighty-third.........................  Styles Bridges.........  New Hampshire..........  Jan. 3, 1953.
Eighty-fourth........................  Walter F. George.......  Georgia................  Jan. 5, 1955.
Eighty-fifth.........................  Carl Hayden............  Arizona................  Jan. 3, 1957.
Eighty-sixth.........................  ......do...............  ......do...............  .......................
Eighty-seventh.......................  ......do...............  ......do...............  .......................
Eighty-eighth........................  ......do...............  ......do...............  Jan. 9, 1963.
Eighty-ninth.........................  ......do...............  ......do...............  .......................
Ninetieth............................  ......do...............  ......do...............  .......................
Ninety-first.........................  Richard B. Russell.....  Georgia................  Jan. 3, 1969.\28\
Ninety-second........................  ......do...............  ......do...............  .......................
    Do...............................  Allen J. Ellender......  Louisiana..............  Jan. 22, 1971.\29\
    Do...............................  James O. Eastland......  Mississippi............  July 28, 1972.
Ninety-third.........................  ......do...............  ......do...............  .......................
Ninety-fourth........................  ......do...............  ......do...............  .......................
Ninety-fifth.........................  ......do...............  ......do...............  .......................
Ninety-sixth.........................  Warren G. Magnuson.....  Washington.............  Jan. 15, 1979.
    Do...............................  Milton R. Young........  North Dakota...........  Dec. 4, 1980.\30\
Ninety-seventh.......................  Strom Thurmond.........  South Carolina.........  Jan. 5, 1981.
Ninety-eighth........................  ......do...............  ......do...............  .......................
Ninety-ninth.........................  ......do...............  ......do...............  Jan. 3, 1985.
One-hundredth........................  John C. Stennis........  Mississippi............  Jan. 6, 1987.
One-hundred-first....................  Robert C. Byrd.........  West Virginia..........  Jan. 3, 1989.
One-hundred-second...................  ......do...............  ......do...............  .......................
One-hundred-third....................  ......do...............  ......do...............  .......................
One-hundred-fourth...................  Strom Thurmond.........  South Carolina.........  Jan. 4, 1995.
One-hundred-fifth....................  ......do...............  ......do...............  .......................
One-hundred-sixth....................  ......do...............  ......do...............  .......................
One-hundred-seventh..................  Robert C. Byrd.........  West Virginia..........  Jan. 3, 2001.\31\
    Do...............................  Strom Thurmond.........  South Carolina.........  Jan. 3, 2001.\32\
    Do...............................  Robert C. Byrd.........  West Virginia..........  June 6, 2001.
One-hundred-eighth...................  Ted Stevens............  Alaska.................  Jan. 7, 2003.
One-hundred-ninth....................  ......do...............  ......do...............  .......................
One-hundred-tenth....................  Robert C. Byrd.........  West Virginia..........  Jan. 4, 2007.
One-hundred-eleventh.................  ......do...............  ......do...............        (\33\)
    Do...............................  Daniel K. Inouye.......  Hawaii.................  June 28, 2010.
One-hundred-twelfth..................  ......do...............  ......do...............        (\34\)
    Do...............................  Patrick J. Leahy.......  Vermont................  Dec. 17, 2012.
One-hundred-thirteenth...............  ......do...............  ......do...............  .......................

[[Page 595]]

 
One-hundred- fourteenth..............  Orrin Hatch............  Utah...................  Jan. 6, 2015.
One-hundred- fifteenth...............  ......do...............  ......do...............  Jan. 3, 2017.
One-hundred- sixteenth...............  Charles E. Grassley....  Iowa...................  Jan. 3, 2019.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\Samuel Livermore was elected Feb. 20, 1795, but declined.
\2\Vice President Gerry died in preceding Congress.
\3\Continuing from preceding session.
\4\Special session of the Senate.
\5\Nathaniel Macon, of North Carolina, was first elected on the same day, but declined to serve.
\6\Littleton W. Tazewell, of Virginia, was first elected, but declined to serve.
\7\Continuing from preceding session.
\8\Special session of the Senate. Resigned as President pro tempore May 31, 1842.
\9\Served as President pro tempore 1 day, under designation by the Vice President.
\10\Resigned as President pro tempore Dec. 20, 1852.
\11\Resigned June 11, 1856.
\12\Served Jan. 5, 1856, by request of President pro tempore Bright.
\13\Special session of the Senate. Elected ``to serve in the absence of the Vice President'' and served until
  Mar. 2, 1867.
\14\Special session of the Senate. Resigned Mar. 3, 1883.
\15\Resigned as President pro tempore, effective Feb. 26, 1887.
\16\Resigned as President pro tempore, effective Mar. 2, 1891; in March 1890, the Senate adopted a resolution
  stating that Presidents pro tempore would hold office continuously until the election of another President pro
  tempore, rather than being elected for the period in which the vice president was absent. The new system has
  continued to the present.
\17\Resigned as President pro tempore Mar. 22, 1893.
\18\Resigned as President pro tempore Jan. 10, 1895.
\19\Resigned as President pro tempore Apr. 27, 1911.
\20\Bacon served as President pro tempore Aug. 14 but was actually elected on Aug. 13.
\21\Elected to serve Dec. 4 to 12, 1911.
\22\Elected to serve Jan. 15 to 17, Mar. 11 and 12, Apr. 8, May 10, May 30 to June 3, June 13 to July 5, Aug. 1
  to 10, and Aug. 27 to Dec. 15, 1912; Jan. 5 to 18 and Feb. 2 to 15, 1913.
\23\Elected to serve Feb. 12 to 14, Apr. 26 and 27, May 7, July 6 to 31, Aug. 12 to 26, 1912; Dec. 16, 1912, to
  Jan. 4, 1913; Jan 19 to Feb. 1 and Feb. 16 to Mar. 3, 1913.
\24\Elected to serve Mar. 25 and 26, 1912.
\25\Died Oct. 1, 1916.
\26\Died Nov. 10, 1940.
\27\Died June 22, 1941.
\28\Died Jan. 21, 1971.
\29\Died July 27, 1972.
\30\Elected to serve for one day only (Dec. 5, 1980). Magnuson resumed the post.
\31\Elected to serve Jan. 3 to Jan. 20, 2001.
\32\Elected to serve beginning Jan. 20, 2001, after Republicans regained control of the Senate. Thurmond was
  designated President pro tempore emeritus of the United States Senate (S. Res. 103, 107-1, June 6, 2001) after
  Democrats regained control of Senate.
\33\Died June 28, 2010.
\34\Died Dec. 17, 2012.

                  
             
See footnotes at end of table.