[United States Senate Manual, 104th Congress]
[S. Doc. 104-1]
[Standing Rules of the Senate]
[Pages 24-39]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office, www.gpo.gov]


        25                            RULE XXV

                                 STANDING COMMITTEES

      25.1      1. The following standing committees shall be appointed 
            at the commencement of each Congress, and shall continue and 
            have the power to act until their successors are appointed, 
            with leave to report by bill or otherwise on matters within 
            their respective jurisdictions:
     25.1a      (a) (1) Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and 
            Forestry, to which committee shall be referred all proposed 
            legislation, messages, petitions, memorials, and other 
            matters relating primarily to the following subjects:
                1. Agricultural economics and research.
                2. Agricultural extension services and experiment 
            stations.
                3. Agricultural production, marketing, and stabilization 
            of prices.
                4. Agriculture and agricultural commodities.
                5. Animal industry and diseases.
                6. Crop insurance and soil conservation.
                7. Farm credit and farm security.
                8. Food from fresh waters.
                9. Food stamp programs.
                10. Forestry, and forest reserves and wilderness areas 
            other than those created from the public domain.
                11. Home economics.
                12. Human nutrition.
                13. Inspection of livestock, meat, and agricultural 
            products.
                14. Pests and pesticides.
                15. Plant industry, soils, and agricultural engineering.

[[Page 25]]

                16. Rural development, rural electrification, and 
            watersheds.
                17. School nutrition programs.
                (2) Such committee shall also study and review, on a 
            comprehensive basis, matters relating to food, nutrition, 
            and hunger, both in the United States and in foreign 
            countries, and rural affairs, and report thereon from time 
            to time.
     25.1b      (b) Committee on Appropriations, to which committee 
            shall be referred all proposed legislation, messages, 
            petitions, memorials, and other matters relating to the 
            following subjects:
                1. Appropriation of the revenue for the support of the 
            Government, except as provided in subparagraph (e).
                2. Rescission of appropriations contained in 
            appropriation Acts (referred to in section 105 of title 1, 
            United States Code).
                3. The amount of new spending authority described in 
            section 401(c)(2) (A) and (B) of the Congressional Budget 
            Act of 1974 which is to be effective for a fiscal year.
                4. New spending authority described in section 
            401(c)(2)(C) of the Congressional Budget Act of 1974 
            provided in bills and resolutions referred to the committee 
            under section 401(b)(2) of that Act (but subject to the 
            provisions of section 401(b)(3) of that Act).
     25.1c      (c) (1) Committee on Armed Services, to which committee 
            shall be referred all proposed legislation, messages, 
            petitions, memorials, and other matters relating to the 
            following subjects:
                1. Aeronautical and space activities peculiar to or 
            primarily associated with the development of weapons systems 
            or military operations.
                2. Common defense.
                3. Department of Defense, the Department of the Army, 
            the Department of the Navy, and the Department of the Air 
            Force, generally.
                4. Maintenance and operation of the Panama Canal, 
            including administration, sanitation, and government of the 
            Canal Zone.
                5. Military research and development.
                6. National security aspects of nuclear energy.
                7. Naval petroleum reserves, except those in Alaska.

[[Page 26]]

                8. Pay, promotion, retirement, and other benefits and 
            privileges of members of the Armed Forces, including 
            overseas education of civilian and military dependents.
                9. Selective service system.
                10. Strategic and critical materials necessary for the 
            common defense.
                (2) Such committee shall also study and review, on a 
            comprehensive basis, matters relating to the common defense 
            policy of the United States, and report thereon from time to 
            time.
     25.1d      (d) (1) Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban 
            Affairs, to which committee shall be referred all proposed 
            legislation, messages, petitions, memorials, and other 
            matters relating to the following subjects:
                1. Banks, banking, and financial institutions.
                2. Control of prices of commodities, rents, and 
            services.
                3. Deposit insurance.
                4. Economic stabilization and defense production.
                5. Export and foreign trade promotion.
                6. Export controls.
                7. Federal monetary policy, including Federal Reserve 
            System.
                8. Financial aid to commerce and industry.
                9. Issuance and redemption of notes.
                10. Money and credit, including currency and coinage.
                11. Nursing home construction.
                12. Public and private housing (including veterans' 
            housing).
                13. Renegotiation of Government contracts.
                14. Urban development and urban mass transit.
                (2) Such committee shall also study and review, on a 
            comprehensive basis, matters relating to international 
            economic policy as it affects United States monetary 
            affairs, credit, and financial institutions; economic 
            growth, urban affairs, and credit, and report thereon from 
            time to time.
     25.1e      (e) (1) Committee on the Budget, to which committee 
            shall be referred all concurrent resolutions on the budget 
            (as defined in section 3(a)(4) of the Congressional Budget 
            Act of 1974) and all other matters required to be referred 
            to that committee under titles III and IV of that Act, and 
            messages, petitions, memorials, and other matters relating 
            thereto.
                (2) Such committee shall have the duty--

[[Page 27]]

                        (A) to report the matters required to be 
                    reported by it under titles III and IV of the 
                    Congressional Budget Act of 1974;
                        (B) to make continuing studies of the effect on 
                    budget outlays of relevant existing and proposed 
                    legislation and to report the results of such 
                    studies to the Senate on a recurring basis;
                        (C) to request and evaluate continuing studies 
                    of tax expenditures, to devise methods of 
                    coordinating tax expenditures, policies, and 
                    programs with direct budget outlays, and to report 
                    the results of such studies to the Senate on a 
                    recurring basis; and
                        (D) to review, on a continuing basis, the 
                    conduct by the Congressional Budget Office of its 
                    functions and duties.
     25.1f      (f) (1) Committee on Commerce, Science, and 
            Transportation, to which committee shall be referred all 
            proposed legislation, messages, petitions, memorials, and 
            other matters relating to the following subjects:
                1. Coast Guard.
                2. Coastal zone management.
                3. Communications.
                4. Highway safety.
                5. Inland waterways, except construction.
                6. Interstate commerce.
                7. Marine and ocean navigation, safety, and 
            transportation, including navigational aspects of deepwater 
            ports.
                8. Marine fisheries.
                9. Merchant marine and navigation.
                10. Nonmilitary aeronautical and space sciences.
                11. Oceans, weather, and atmospheric activities.
                12. Panama Canal and interoceanic canals generally, 
            except as provided in subparagraph (c).
                13. Regulation of consumer products and services, 
            including testing related to toxic substances, other than 
            pesticides, and except for credit, financial services, and 
            housing.
                14. Regulation of interstate common carriers, including 
            railroads, buses, trucks, vessels, pipelines, and civil 
            aviation.
                15. Science, engineering, and technology research and 
            development and policy.
                16. Sports.
                17. Standards and measurement.

[[Page 28]]

                18. Transportation.
                19. Transportation and commerce aspects of Outer 
            Continental Shelf lands.
                (2) Such committee shall also study and review, on a 
            comprehensive basis, all matters relating to science and 
            technology, oceans policy, transportation, communications, 
            and consumer affairs, and report thereon from time to time.
     25.1g      (g) (1) Committee on Energy and Natural Resources, to 
            which committee shall be referred all proposed legislation, 
            messages, petitions, memorials, and other matters relating 
            to the following subjects:
                1. Coal production, distribution, and utilization.
                2. Energy policy.
                3. Energy regulation and conservation.
                4. Energy related aspects of deepwater ports.
                5. Energy research and development.
                6. Extraction of minerals from oceans and Outer 
            Continental Shelf lands.
                7. Hydroelectric power, irrigation, and reclamation.
                8. Mining education and research.
                9. Mining, mineral lands, mining claims, and mineral 
            conservation.
                10. National parks, recreation areas, wilderness areas, 
            wild and scenic rivers, historical sites, military parks and 
            battlefields, and on the public domain, preservation of 
            prehistoric ruins and objects of interest.
                11. Naval petroleum reserves in Alaska.
                12. Nonmilitary development of nuclear energy.
                13. Oil and gas production and distribution.
                14. Public lands and forests, including farming and 
            grazing thereon, and mineral extraction therefrom.
                15. Solar energy systems.
                16. Territorial possessions of the United States, 
            including trusteeships.
                (2) Such committee shall also study and review, on a 
            comprehensive basis, matters relating to energy and 
            resources development, and report thereon from time to time.
     25.1h      (h) (1) Committee on Environment and Public Works, to 
            which committee shall be referred all proposed legislation, 
            messages, petitions, memorials, and other matters relating 
            to the following subjects:
                1. Air pollution.
                2. Construction and maintenance of highways.

[[Page 29]]

                3. Environmental aspects of Outer Continental Shelf 
            lands.
                4. Environmental effects of toxic substances, other than 
            pesticides.
                5. Environmental policy.
                6. Environmental research and development.
                7. Fisheries and wildlife.
                8. Flood control and improvements of rivers and harbors, 
            including environmental aspects of deepwater ports.
                9. Noise pollution.
                10. Nonmilitary environmental regulation and control of 
            nuclear energy.
                11. Ocean dumping.
                12. Public buildings and improved grounds of the United 
            States generally, including Federal buildings in the 
            District of Columbia.
                13. Public works, bridges, and dams.
                14. Regional economic development.
                15. Solid waste disposal and recycling.
                16. Water pollution.
                17. Water resources.
                (2) Such committee shall also study and review, on a 
            comprehensive basis, matters relating to environmental 
            protection and resource utilization and conservation, and 
            report thereon from time to time.
     25.1i      (i) Committee on Finance, to which committee shall be 
            referred all proposed legislation, messages, petitions, 
            memorials, and other matters relating to the following 
            subjects:
                1. Bonded debt of the United States, except as provided 
            in the Congressional Budget Act of 1974.
                2. Customs, collection districts, and ports of entry and 
            delivery.
                3. Deposit of public moneys.
                4. General revenue sharing.
                5. Health programs under the Social Security Act and 
            health programs financed by a specific tax or trust fund.
                6. National social security.
                7. Reciprocal trade agreements.
                8. Revenue measures generally, except as provided in the 
            Congressional Budget Act of 1974.
                9. Revenue measures relating to the insular possessions.
                10. Tariffs and import quotas, and matters related 
            thereto.

[[Page 30]]

                11. Transportation of dutiable goods.
     25.1j      (j) (1) Committee on Foreign Relations, to which 
            committee shall be referred all proposed legislation, 
            messages, petitions, memorials, and other matters relating 
            to the following subjects:
                1. Acquisition of land and buildings for embassies and 
            legations in foreign countries.
                2. Boundaries of the United States.
                3. Diplomatic service.
                4. Foreign economic, military, technical, and 
            humanitarian assistance.
                5. Foreign loans.
                6. International activities of the American National Red 
            Cross and the International Committee of the Red Cross.
                7. International aspects of nuclear energy, including 
            nuclear transfer policy.
                8. International conferences and congresses.
                9. International law as it relates to foreign policy.
                10. International Monetary Fund and other international 
            organizations established primarily for international 
            monetary purposes (except that, at the request of the 
            Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs, any 
            proposed legislation relating to such subjects reported by 
            the Committee on Foreign Relations shall be referred to the 
            Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs).
                11. Intervention abroad and declarations of war.
                12. Measures to foster commercial intercourse with 
            foreign nations and to safeguard American business interests 
            abroad.
                13. National security and international aspects of 
            trusteeships of the United States.
                14. Oceans and international environmental and 
            scientific affairs as they relate to foreign policy.
                15. Protection of United States citizens abroad and 
            expatriation.
                16. Relations of the United States with foreign nations 
            generally.
                17. Treaties and executive agreements, except reciprocal 
            trade agreements.
                18. United Nations and its affiliated organizations.
                19. World Bank group, the regional development banks, 
            and other international organizations established primarily 
            for development assistance purposes.

[[Page 31]]

                (2) Such committee shall also study and review, on a 
            comprehensive basis, matters relating to the national 
            security policy, foreign policy, and international economic 
            policy as it relates to foreign policy of the United States, 
            and matters relating to food, hunger, and nutrition in 
            foreign countries, and report thereon from time to time.
     25.1k      (k) (1) Committee on Governmental Affairs, to which 
            committee shall be referred all proposed legislation, 
            messages, petitions, memorials, and other matters relating 
            to the following subjects:
                1. Archives of the United States.
                2. Budget and accounting measures, other than 
            appropriations, except as provided in the Congressional 
            Budget Act of 1974.
                3. Census and collection of statistics, including 
            economic and social statistics.
                4. Congressional organization, except for any part of 
            the matter that amends the rules or orders of the Senate.
                5. Federal Civil Service.
                6. Government information.
                7. Intergovernmental relations.
                8. Municipal affairs of the District of Columbia, except 
            appropriations therefor.
                9. Organization and management of United States nuclear 
            export policy.
                10. Organization and reorganization of the executive 
            branch of the Government.
                11. Postal Service.
                12. Status of officers and employees of the United 
            States, including their classification, compensation, and 
            benefits.
                (2) Such committee shall have the duty of--
                        (A) receiving and examining reports of the 
                    Comptroller General of the United States and of 
                    submitting such recommendations to the Senate as it 
                    deems necessary or desirable in connection with the 
                    subject matter of such reports;
                        (B) studying the efficiency, economy, and 
                    effectiveness of all agencies and departments of the 
                    Government;
                        (C) evaluating the effects of laws enacted to 
                    reorganize the legislative and executive branches of 
                    the Government; and
                        (D) studying the intergovernmental relationships 
                    between the United States and the States and munici-

[[Page 32]]

                    palities, and between the United States and 
                    international organizations of which the United 
                    States is a member.

     25.1l      (l) Committee on the Judiciary, to which committee shall 
            be referred all proposed legislation, messages, petitions, 
            memorials, and other matters relating to the following 
            subjects:
                1. Apportionment of Representatives.
                2. Bankruptcy, mutiny, espionage, and counterfeiting.
                3. Civil liberties.
                4. Constitutional amendments.
                5. Federal courts and judges.
                6. Government information.
                7. Holidays and celebrations.
                8. Immigration and naturalization.
                9. Interstate compacts generally.
                10. Judicial proceedings, civil and criminal, generally.
                11. Local courts in the territories and possessions.
                12. Measures relating to claims against the United 
            States.
                13. National penitentiaries.
                14. Patent Office.
                15. Patents, copyrights, and trademarks.
                16. Protection of trade and commerce against unlawful 
            restraints and monopolies.
                17. Revision and codification of the statutes of the 
            United States.
                18. State and territorial boundary lines.
     25.1m      (m) (1) Committee on Labor and Human Resources, to which 
            committee shall be referred all proposed legislation, 
            messages, petitions, memorials, and other matters relating 
            to the following subjects:
                1. Measures relating to education, labor, health, and 
            public welfare.
                2. Aging.
                3. Agricultural colleges.
                4. Arts and humanities.
                5. Biomedical research and development.
                6. Child labor.
                7. Convict labor and the entry of goods made by convicts 
            into interstate commerce.
                8. Domestic activities of the American National Red 
            Cross.
                9. Equal employment opportunity.

[[Page 33]]

                10. Gallaudet College, Howard University, and Saint 
            Elizabeths Hospital.
                11. Handicapped individuals.
                12. Labor standards and labor statistics.
                13. Mediation and arbitration of labor disputes.
                14. Occupational safety and health, including the 
            welfare of miners.
                15. Private pension plans.
                16. Public health.
                17. Railway labor and retirement.
                18. Regulation of foreign laborers.
                19. Student loans.
                20. Wages and hours of labor.
                (2) Such committee shall also study and review, on a 
            comprehensive basis, matters relating to health, education 
            and training, and public welfare, and report thereon from 
            time to time.
     25.1n      (n) (1) Committee on Rules and Administration, to which 
            committee shall be referred all proposed legislation, 
            messages, petitions, memorials, and other matters relating 
            to the following subjects:
                1. Administration of the Senate Office Buildings and the 
            Senate wing of the Capitol, including the assignment of 
            office space.
                2. Congressional organization relative to rules and 
            procedures, and Senate rules and regulations, including 
            floor and gallery rules.
                3. Corrupt practices.
                4. Credentials and qualifications of Members of the 
            Senate, contested elections, and acceptance of incompatible 
            offices.
                5. Federal elections generally, including the election 
            of the President, Vice President, and Members of the 
            Congress.
                6. Government Printing Office, and the printing and 
            correction of the Congressional Record, as well as those 
            matters provided for under rule XI.
                7. Meetings of the Congress and attendance of Members.
                8. Payment of money out of the contingent fund of the 
            Senate or creating a charge upon the same (except that any 
            resolution relating to substantive matter within the 
            jurisdiction of any other standing committee of the Senate 
            shall be first referred to such committee).
                9. Presidential succession.

[[Page 34]]

                10. Purchase of books and manuscripts and erection of 
            monuments to the memory of individuals.
                11. Senate Library and statuary, art, and pictures in 
            the Capitol and Senate Office Buildings.
                12. Services to the Senate, including the Senate 
            restaurant.
                13. United States Capitol and congressional office 
            buildings, the Library of Congress, the Smithsonian 
            Institution (and the incorporation of similar institutions), 
            and the Botanic Gardens.
                (2) Such committee shall also--
                        (A) make a continuing study of the organization 
                    and operation of the Congress of the United States 
                    and shall recommend improvements in such 
                    organization and operation with a view toward 
                    strengthening the Congress, simplifying its 
                    operations, improving its relationships with other 
                    branches of the United States Government, and 
                    enabling it better to meet its responsibilities 
                    under the Constitution of the United States; and
                        (B) identify any court proceeding or action 
                    which, in the opinion of the Committee, is of vital 
                    interest to the Congress as a constitutionally 
                    established institution of the Federal Government 
                    and call such proceeding or action to the attention 
                    of the Senate.

     25.1o      (o)(1)\4\ Committee on Small Business, to which 
            committee shall be referred all proposed legislation, 
            messages, petitions, memorials, and other matters relating 
            to the Small Business Administration.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
                \4\As added, S. Res. 101, 97-1, Mar. 25, 1981.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
                (2) Any proposed legislation reported by such committee 
            which relates to matters other than the functions of the 
            Small Business Administration shall, at the request of the 
            chairman of any standing committee having jurisdiction over 
            the subject matter extraneous to the functions of the Small 
            Business Administration, be considered and reported by such 
            standing committee prior to its consideration by the Senate; 
            and likewise measures reported by other committees directly 
            relating to the Small Business Administration shall, at the 
            request of the chairman of the Committee on Small Business, 
            be referred to the Committee on Small Business for its 
            consideration of any portions of the measure dealing with 
            the Small Business Administration, and

[[Page 35]]

            be reported by this committee prior to its consideration by 
            the Senate.
                (3) Such committee shall also study and survey by means 
            of research and investigation all problems of American small 
            business enterprises, and report thereon from time to time.
     25.1p      (p)\5\ Committee on Veterans' Affairs, to which 
            committee shall be referred all proposed legislation, 
            messages, petitions, memorials, and other matters relating 
            to the following subjects:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
                \5\Redesignated as subparagraph (p) by S. Res. 101, 97-
            1, Mar. 25, 1981.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
                1. Compensation of veterans.
                2. Life insurance issued by the Government on account of 
            service in the Armed Forces.
                3. National cemeteries.
                4. Pensions of all wars of the United States, general 
            and special.
                5. Readjustment of servicemen to civil life.
                6. Soldiers' and sailors' civil relief.
                7. Veterans' hospitals, medical care and treatment of 
            veterans.
                8. Veterans' measures generally.
                9. Vocational rehabilitation and education of veterans.
      25.2      2.\6\ Except as otherwise provided by paragraph 4 of 
            this rule, each of the following standing committees shall 
            consist of the number of Senators set forth in the following 
            table on the line on which the name of that committee 
            appears:
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                \6\As amended, S. Res. 13, 97-1, Jan. 5, 1981; S. Res. 
            365, 97-2, Apr. 20, 1982; S. Res. 380, 97-2, Apr. 27, 1982; 
            S. Res. 6, 98-1, Jan. 3, 1983; S. Res. 20, 98-1, Jan. 27, 
            1983; S. Res. 53, 98-1, Feb. 3, 1983; S. Res. 338, 98-2, 
            Feb. 9, 1984; S. Res. 74, 99-1, Feb. 21, 1985; S. Res. 14, 
            100-1, Jan. 6, 1987; S. Res. 211, 100-1, May 12, 1987; S. 
            Res. 43, 101-1, Feb. 2, 1989; S. Res. 43, 102-1, Feb. 5, 
            1991; S. Res. 135, 102-1, June 4, 1991; S. Res. 4, 103-1, 
            Jan. 7, 1993; S. Res. 130, 103-1, July 1, 1993; S. Res. 132, 
            103-1, July 15, 1993; S. Res. 14, 104-1, Jan. 5, 1995; S. 
            Res. 92, 104-1, Mar. 24, 1995.
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                    Committee:                                    Members

                    Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry..........    18
                    Appropriations................................    28
                    Armed Services................................    21
                    Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs...........    16
                    Commerce, Science, and Transportation.........    19
                    Energy and Natural Resources..................    20
                    Environment and Public Works..................    16
                    Finance.......................................    20
                    Foreign Relations.............................    18
                    Governmental Affairs..........................    15
                    Judiciary.....................................    18
                    Labor and Human Resources.....................    16


[[Page 36]]

                3. (a)\7\ Except as otherwise provided by paragraph 4 of 
            this rule, each of the following standing committees shall 
            consist of the number of Senators set forth in the following 
            table on the line on which the name of that committee 
            appears:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
                \7\As amended, S. Res. 13, 97-1, Jan. 5, 1981; S. Res. 
            101, 97-1, Mar. 25, 1981; S. Res. 6, 98-1, Jan 3, 1983; S. 
            Res. 88, 99-1, Mar. 5, 1985; S. Res. 14, 100-1, Jan. 6, 
            1987; S. Res. 211, 100-1, May 12, 1987; S. Res. 43, 101-1, 
            Feb. 2, 1989; S. Res. 85, 102-1, Mar. 19, 1991; S. Res. 135, 
            102-1, June 4, 1991; S. Res. 18, 103-1, Jan. 21, 1993; S. 
            Res. 130, 103-1, July 1, 1993; S. Res. 34, 104-1, Jan. 6, 
            1995.
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                    Committee:                                    Members

                    Budget........................................    22
                    Rules and Administration......................    16
                    Veterans' Affairs.............................    12
                    Small Business................................    19

     25.3b      (b)\8\ Each of the following committees and joint 
            committees shall consist of the number of Senators (or 
            Senate members, in the case of a joint committee) set forth 
            in the following table on the line on which the name of that 
            committee appears:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
                \8\As amended, S. Res. 13, 97-1, Jan. 5, 1981; S. Res. 
            24, 97-1, Jan. 19, 1981; S. Res. 101, 97-1, Mar. 25, 1981; 
            S. Res. 338, 98-2, Feb. 9, 1984; S. Res. 85, 102-1, Mar. 19, 
            1991; S. Res. 135, 102-1, June 4, 1991; S. Res. 18, 103-1, 
            Jan. 21, 1993; S. Res. 34, 104-1, Jan. 6, 1995.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
                    Committee:                                    Members

                    Aging.........................................    19
                    Intelligence..................................    17
                    Joint Economic Committee......................    10

     25.3c      (c)\9\ Each of the following committees and joint 
            committees shall consist of the number of Senators (or 
            Senate members, in the case of a joint committee) set forth 
            in the following table on the line on which the name of that 
            committee appears:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
                \9\As amended, S. Res. 448, 96-2, Dec. 11, 1980; S. Res. 
            88, 99-1, Mar. 5, 1985; S. Res. 14, 100-1, Jan. 6, 1987; S. 
            Res. 100, 101-1, Apr. 11, 1989; S. Res. 44, 102-1, Feb. 5, 
            1991; S. Res. 18, 103-1, Jan. 21, 1993; S. Res. 34, 104-1, 
            Jan. 6, 1995; S. Res. 92, 104-1, Mar. 24, 1995.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
                        Committee:                                Members

                    Ethics........................................     6
                    Indian Affairs................................    16
                    Joint Committee on Taxation...................     5

     25.4a      4. (a) Except as otherwise provided by this paragraph--
                        (1) each Senator shall serve on two and no more 
                    committees listed in paragraph 2; and

[[Page 37]]

                        (2) each Senator may serve on only one committee 
                    listed in paragraph 3 (a) or (b).
     25.4b      (b) (1) Each Senator may serve on not more than three 
            subcommittees of each committee (other than the Commit- tee 
            on Appropriations) listed in paragraph 2 of which he is a 
            member.
                (2) Each Senator may serve on not more than two 
            subcommittees of a committee listed in paragraph 3 (a) or 
            (b) of which he is a member.
                (3) Notwithstanding subparagraphs (1) and (2), a Senator 
            serving as chairman or ranking minority member of a 
            standing, select, or special committee of the Senate or 
            joint committee of the Congress may serve ex officio, 
            without vote, as a member of any subcommittee of such 
            committee or joint committee.
                (4) No committee of the Senate may establish any sub- 
            unit of that committee other than a subcommittee, unless the 
            Senate by resolution has given permission therefor. For 
            purposes of this subparagraph, any subunit of a joint 
            committee shall be treated as a subcommittee.
     25.4c      (c) By agreement entered into by the majority leader and 
            the minority leader, the membership of one or more standing 
            committees may be increased temporarily from time to time by 
            such number or numbers as may be required to accord to the 
            majority party a majority of the membership of all standing 
            committees. When any such temporary increase is necessary to 
            accord to the majority party a majority of the membership of 
            all standing committees, members of the majority party in 
            such number as may be required for that purpose may serve as 
            members of three standing committees listed in paragraph 2. 
            No such temporary increase in the membership of any standing 
            committee under this subparagraph shall be continued in 
            effect after the need therefor has ended. No standing 
            committee may be increased in membership under this 
            subparagraph by more than two members in excess of the 
            number prescribed for that committee by paragraph 2 or 3(a).
     25.4d      (d) A Senator may serve as a member of any joint 
            committee of the Congress the Senate members of which are 
            required by law to be appointed from a standing committee of 
            the Senate of which he is a member, and service as a member 
            of any such joint committee shall not be taken into account 
            for purposes of subparagraph (a)(2).
     25.4e      (e) (1) No Senator shall serve at any time as chairman 
            of more than one standing, select, or special committee of

[[Page 38]]

            the Senate or joint committee of the Congress, except that a 
            Senator may serve as chairman of any joint committee of the 
            Congress having jurisdiction with respect to a subject 
            matter which is directly related to the jurisdiction of a 
            standing committee of which he is chairman.
                (2) No Senator shall serve at any time as chairman of 
            more than one subcommittee of each standing, select, or 
            special committee of the Senate or joint committee of the 
            Congress of which he is a member.
                (3) A Senator who is serving as the chairman of a 
            committee listed in paragraph 2 may serve at any time as the 
            chairman of only one subcommittee of all committees listed 
            in paragraph 2 of which he is a member and may serve at any 
            time as the chairman of only one subcommittee of each 
            committee listed in paragraph 3 (a) or (b) of which he is a 
            member. A Senator who is serving as the chairman of a 
            committee listed in paragraph 3 (a) or (b) may not serve as 
            the chairman of any subcommittee of that committee, and may 
            serve at any time as the chairman of only one subcommittee 
            of each committee listed in paragraph 2 of which he is a 
            member. Any other Senator may serve as the chairman of only 
            one subcommittee of each committee listed in paragraph 2, 
            3(a), or 3(b) of which he is a member.
     25.4f      (f) A Senator serving on the Committee on Rules and 
            Administration may not serve on any joint committee of the 
            Congress unless the Senate members thereof are required by 
            law to be appointed from the Committee on Rules and 
            Administration, or unless such Senator served on the 
            Committee on Rules and Administration and the Joint 
            Committee on Taxation on the last day of the Ninety-eighth 
            Congress.\10\
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                \10\As amended, S. Res. 76, 99-1, Feb. 21, 1985.
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     25.4g      (g) A Senator who on the day preceding the effective 
            date of title I of the Committee System Reorganization 
            Amendments of 1977 was serving as the chairman or ranking 
            minority member of the Committee on the District of Columbia 
            or the Committee on Post Office and Civil Service may serve 
            on the Committee on Governmental Affairs in addition to 
            serving on two other standing committees listed in paragraph 
            2. At the request of any such Senator, he shall be appointed 
            to serve on such committee but, while serving on such 
            committee and two other standing committees listed in 
            paragraph 2, he may not serve on any com

[[Page 39]]

            mittee listed in paragraph 3 (a) or (b) other than the 
            Committee on Rules and Administration.\11\ The preceding 
            provi- sions of this subparagraph shall apply with respect 
            to any Senator only so long as his service as a member of 
            the Committee on Governmental Affairs is continuous after 
            the date on which the appointment of the majority and 
            minority members of the Committee on Governmental Affairs is 
            initially completed.
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                \11\As amended, S. Res. 12, 97-1, Jan. 5, 1981.
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     25.4h                *     *     *     *     *     *     *\12\
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                \12\Subpara. (h), omitted here, pertains to committee 
            service of Senators during the current Congress. For the 
            104th Congress, these provisions are established in S. Res. 
            13 and S. Res. 17, 104-1, Jan. 4, 1995; and S. Res. 27 and 
            S. Res. 29, 104-1, Jan. 5, 1995.