[Public Papers of the Presidents of the United States: George W. Bush (2008, Book II)]
[July 31, 2008]
[Pages 1091-1098]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office www.gpo.gov]



Remarks to the West Virginia Coal Association in White Sulphur Springs, 
West Virginia
July 31, 2008

    Thank you all very much. Thanks for coming. Please be seated. Thank 
you for your warm introduction. I have come to know your State very 
well. I've spent a lot of quality time here. I love its beauty, and I 
love its people. And I thank you for your warm greeting, and I'm proud 
to be here in Greenbrier.
    This place has got a rich history. During the cold war, this was 
Congress's designated meeting place in case of an emergency in 
Washington. Also the site of three championship golf courses. [Laughter] 
You get to decide whether or not that was just a coincidence. [Laughter]
    I want to talk about the energy today. No better group of people to 
talk about energy with than people who actually take risk to find 
energy. I'm--like you, I'm concerned about the price of gasoline people 
are paying. I know you're concerned about what it means for your 
workers. It's like a tax on the hard-working people here in America. So 
I'll spend a little time on that subject.
    And I'm going to talk about the fact that this country needs a 
commonsense, realistic energy policy, that there's not a single 
solution, and that we got to work to have a comprehensive plan that 
takes advantage of our assets and is realistic and provides a hopeful 
future for our citizens.
    As you know, I'm fixing to retire--[laughter]--in about 6 months. 
But I am going to sprint to the finish. And part of that sprint to the 
finish will be to continue to remind the American people that we need to 
be realistic and have common sense about today's energy needs and 
tomorrow's energy needs.
    And I want to thank my friend Buck Harless for inviting me here. He's right; he came down to 
the Governor's mansion; came down just to take a sniff. [Laughter] And I 
appreciate his friendship and your friendship. I want to thank Andrew 
Jordon, who is the chairman of the board of 
the West Virginia Coal Association. I want to thank all the other 
members of the board, and I want to thank you as risk takers and 
entrepreneurs and dreamers and doers and job providers. And I welcome 
your family members who are here too. Thanks for coming. It's good to be 
with old and young alike. [Laughter] I appreciate Bill Raney, my friend. I've known Bill a long time; he's a 
good guy. And, Bill, I want to thank you for being here today. You can 
applaud for Bill if you want.
    I'm so pleased to be traveling with Congressman Nick Rahall today. I can't thank him enough. The Congress is 
in session. He's a--he's got a chairmanship, and yet he took time to 
come down to fly down on Air Force One. I can't thank you enough--it's 
not a bad way to travel, by the way. [Laughter] But I appreciate you 
coming, Nick.
    I thank--want to thank the secretary of state, Betty 
Ireland. Betty has served this State with a 
lot of dignity. She came down from Charleston to encourage her old 
buddy--me. [Laughter] And I want to thank you for coming. I want to 
thank the mayor, Debbie Fogus. Madam Mayor, 
thank you for being here today as well; all the other State and local 
officials who have kindly come. But most importantly, thank you.
    This is a--it's a challenging time. It's not the first time we've 
been through challenging times. I might remind you that in the beginning 
of my Presidency there were some challenging times. We had a recession, 
and of course, we got attacked. And yet, with good policy and by 
trusting the ingenuity and the enterprise of the American people, we 
came through those times

[[Page 1092]]

better than before. We'll come--the same thing is going to happen this 
time.
    It's--we got some good news today, encouraging news. Not great news, 
but encouraging news--that in the second quarter, the economy grew at a 
rate of 1.9 percent.
    Now, it's not as good as we'd like it to be, but I want to remind 
you, a few months ago, there were predictions that the economy would 
shrink this quarter, not grow. But in fact, the opposite has happened. 
As a matter of fact, it's more than double the rate we saw in the first 
quarter; that's positive.
    It's--we saw the slowdown early, by the way. One of the jobs of 
people like me that you entrust is to see problems and react to them. 
Not, like, let problems fester and just hope for the best; it is to 
actually respond. And that's why we passed the stimulus package. Just so 
you know: Up to now, we've delivered $92 billion in stimulus payments. 
It fits into my philosophy of government, which is, I'd rather you spend 
your money than the Federal Government spend your money.
    See, I can think you can spend it better than those of us in 
Washington, DC, can spend it. I'd rather have you trying to figure out 
what's best for your family than the Government trying to figure out 
what's best for your family. So the stimulus package was all part of 
making sure that we dealt with this slowdown that was coming.
    And people believe that the stimulus package should have a positive 
effect in the third quarter. Of course, you can listen to these 
economists, on the one hand they'll say, and then on the other hand--if 
they had three hands, it would be on the one hand, the second hand, and 
the third hand. [Laughter] The stimulus package has been positive.
    There's other good economic news. Productivity increases are up, 
which makes America, our goods, more competitive. I think you understand 
the definition of productivity increases in your own industry. You've 
seen the change, mighty change take place in your businesses. Workers 
are more productive, and your businesses are more competitive as a 
result.
    Exports are on the rise; it's a--durable good orders are strong. 
What that means is that--that suggests that businesses are anticipating 
a better second half of the year. So I believe the foundations of this 
economy are strong. I think with sound policies and the ingenuity of the 
American people, we're going to emerge better and stronger. We've done 
it in the past, and we'll do it again this time.
    You know, one of the challenges is energy prices--it's energy prices 
today. Another challenge is to make sure we've got energy for tomorrow 
as well. I'm a big believer in technology and innovation. I'm going to 
spend a little time today talking about how technology can change basic 
industry to keep us competitive and to keep us economically viable in 
the future.
    I will also want to emphasize that the energy--the best energy we 
have is the ingenuity of the American people, the hard-working, 
enterprising, entrepreneurial people that get up every single day to 
make a living for their families and to contribute to the economic 
vitality of the country.
    I want to talk about electricity, and I want to talk about fuel we 
need for our cars and trucks. In order for this country to be 
economically competitive beyond my time and time of some of the others 
around here, we need to be--make sure we've got a reliable supply of 
electricity. You can't grow your economy, you can't provide hope for 
your people, you can't afford to buy new--or spend money on new 
technologies unless you have a strong economy. And part of that strong 
economy is to make sure we have reliable sources of electricity. And 
there's no more reliable source of electricity than coal.
    Coal is affordable, and coal is available right here in the United 
States of America. Coal allows us to keep our prices reasonable, and it 
provides jobs. It provides jobs

[[Page 1093]]

for hard-working people right here in the great State of West Virginia 
and other States as well.
    We use about 1.1 billion tons of coal a year. That sounds like a lot 
to me. It--and so the challenge is, how do we make sure that this 
reliable source of U.S. energy remains in the center of our strategy? I 
believe the best way to do that is for the Government to invest in clean 
coal research and development.
    Buck just wasn't down there to 
have lunch. [Laughter] He said, ``Do you understand the promise of clean 
coal technology, and will you support it?'' I said, ``I will.'' As a 
matter of fact, I didn't say it just to him; I've said it throughout 
this State--not one time, but many times.
    This year--I mean, since we've been in office, we've spent $2.5 
billion on clean coal research. Why? Because it's a good investment to 
make sure that an abundant supply of energy is available and is in use 
for a long time coming. That's why we're doing it.
    This year alone we've requested nearly $650 million in the budget 
for advanced coal research. It's the largest such request in 25 years. 
The funding is supported--is supporting the development of technology to 
capture carbon dioxide emissions that come from coal. This is something 
the industry wants the Government to do. We want us to be on the leading 
edge of change. We want to be able to capture CO2. These 
advances obviously are going to make coal more environmentally friendly. 
It'll make it easier for people to say, ``Let's use this abundant 
resource.''
    Today my administration announced $36 million for new carbon capture 
projects. In other words, it's more than just research. We're now 
beginning to get into the implementation stage of promising new 
technologies. And eventually, the technology may allow us to prevent 90 
percent of coal's carbon emissions from being released into the 
environment. We're working collaboratively together, and I want to thank 
the Coal Association's support of this kind of technology and research 
and development. It makes a lot of sense.
    Secondly, we've got to use nuclear power. Coal is obviously going to 
be an important part of the mix as we go forward, and it should be. What 
do they say, got 250 years of reserves here? That's a long time. Two 
hundred and fifty years is a--should--of reserves should say, gosh, 
we're in good shape, we got energy available right here in the United 
States of America.
    This new technology will help us use those reserves, but we can also 
use nuclear power too. I'm a big believer in civilian nuclear power. I 
think it makes a lot of sense. People out there in the environmental 
community talk about the need for zero-emission, renewable fuel--there's 
one right there called nuclear power. And they ought to be supporting 
nuclear power.
    Part of the problem with nuclear power is that it's hard to get a 
plant built because of excessive regulation and lawsuits. You understand 
the deployment of capital. There has to be certainty when it comes time 
to deploy capital. The deployment of capital entails risk, and that is 
the return on--whether or not there's a decent return on your capital. 
But risk can also come if the Government steps in at the last minute or 
a lawsuit steps in the last minute and says all the capital you deployed 
isn't going to be utilized. And that's been part of the problem.
    So we're working to--and by the way, there hasn't been one new 
nuclear power plant built in this country in 30 years. If you're 
interested in making sure that we've got a viable economic future, we 
need electricity, and we can get good electricity from coal, and we can 
get good electricity from nuclear power as well.
    So we've been working to help eliminate the barriers to development 
in nuclear power plants. We want there to be regulatory certainty. We 
want there to be fewer

[[Page 1094]]

lawsuits. We invested more than $300 million in research and development 
for energy technology. We want these little ones when they grow up to 
know that there's safe engineering in these plants.
    We've launched a program called Nuclear Power 2010, which is a 
partnership between the industry and the Government to encourage the 
construction of new plants. Interestingly enough--I'm sure this hasn't 
made it to you yet, but I think you'll find this interesting, that we've 
received applications to build or operate 18 new nuclear reactors in the 
United States. And we anticipate another seven applications submitted 
this year. I'm glad to report that because there needs to be a 
comprehensive plan. There's not a single solution to making sure we got 
enough electricity. There needs to be a comprehensive solution.
    And here's an important part of the plan. We ought to be utilizing 
wind. I tell people all the time, they ought to be putting wind turbines 
in Washington--[laughter]--particularly those that utilize hot air. 
[Laughter] We've increased our wind production by more than 400 percent 
since 2001. There's a lot of wind turbines out in my part of the 
country, out in west Texas in the desert where there's a lot of wind and 
a lot of open space.
    Interestingly enough, last year, more than 30 percent of the new 
electrical generating capacity came from wind. And this country has 
installed more wind power capacity than any other country in the world. 
It's an interesting mix, isn't it? Make no mistake about it: Most of the 
energy is going to come from the kind of plants that we now have in 
existence, but wind can be an additive; it can be an additional part of 
an energy mix.
    And so can solar energy. Solar energy has got a lot of promise, 
particularly in parts of the world where the sun shines a lot. 
[Laughter] We're working hard to figure out what's available, what's 
viable, how do you store, how do you feed back into the electricity grid 
solar energy. My only point to you is, is that--I'm going to keep saying 
this over and over again, because the country has got to hear it--we 
need a variety of sources of power in order to deal with the problems 
today and, as importantly, send the signal that the future is going to 
be viable for people, that there's going to be plenty of electricity.
    I want to talk to you about gasoline prices here for a while. And 
there are some things we can do; there's some signals we can send. The--
we're living in an interesting world, because a demand for gas--for oil 
in a remote part of the world affects the gasoline prices right here in 
West Virginia.
    Hydrocarbon--oil is a commodity, and there are now growing economies 
like China and India that are demanding more oil in order to keep their 
economies growing. I don't know if you know this or not, but I find it 
very interesting that in India there are 350 million people in their 
middle class. That's more than all of America.
    And so these people, they want better lives just like our citizens 
want better lives. And so there is increasing demand for gasoline, which 
means increasing demand for oil. Most Americans, I'm confident, 
understand that when the price of crude oil goes up, it drives the price 
of gasoline.
    The demand for oil worldwide is outstripping the supply of oil 
worldwide, which creates pricing pressures. And so what do you do about 
it? It's one thing to identify the problem; it's another thing to do 
something about it. Well, one thing you do about it is obviously 
conservation. I mean, when people drive less, it takes pressure off the 
market.
    I happen to believe in the collective wisdom of the American people, 
and you can make your own decision whether or not you want to drive 
extra or not. That's the marketplace and how it works. But the 
Government can help, and that's why we passed increased fuel efficiency 
standards for cars and trucks.

[[Page 1095]]

    I want to talk about the supply side. We have got to increase 
domestic production of oil. If you want to take the price pressure--
[applause]--if you want to take the pressure off price, we ought to be 
sending a signal that the United States is going to find oil right here 
in our own hemisphere. And at the same time, we ought to be working on 
alternative sources. So I'll spend a little time on ethanol and 
biodiesel and hydrogen power. But I do want to concentrate on oil.
    Congress has got an opportunity to send a signal to our own citizens 
in the world that we will, in environmentally friendly ways, explore 
vast opportunities to find--bring more oil to the market right here in 
the United States. I'd rather be buying our oil from U.S. producers than 
sending our money overseas.
    And there's a lot of frustration building up. People are looking at 
Washington to actually do something constructive, and yet we can't get 
any votes on some practical solutions. Here they are.
    First, we ought to be drilling offshore exploration, what's called 
the Outer Continental Shelf. These limits are--this Outer Continental 
Shelf is off-limits, and it has been for a while; although the experts 
say that this could produce enough oil to match our current production 
for nearly 10 years. There's a lot of potential. Problem is that the 
Congress has restricted access to key areas of the OCS since the early 
1980s; in other words, there's prohibitions in law.
    Technologies has advanced a lot since the 1980s. You know it in your 
own industry, but if you know anything about the oil and gas business, 
you know that there's been unbelievable technological breakthroughs when 
it comes for exploration for oil and gas. I mean, you can be very--you 
can drill in a single-site location with horizontal drilling to explore 
reservoirs, which makes it easier to protect coral reefs, for example, 
in the offshore--we all want to be environmentally friendly people, but 
we also want to have practical policies that deal with the problems we 
face today and the problems we'll face tomorrow if we don't get going.
    I asked the Congress to lift the legislative ban in June and to 
allow there to be offshore exploration. Tomorrow is the 1st of August. 
That is now 6 weeks since I made the request, and Democratic leaders 
there haven't done anything. I--Members are fixing to go home on their 
August break; they get to explain to their citizens why nothing positive 
has happened. Looking forward to listening to the explanations. It's--
there's legislation pending in Congress to lift the restrictions. My 
call is, before you go home for an extended period of time, you ought to 
bring these bills to the floor. The leaders ought to be giving these 
Members a vote, a chance to say yes or no as to whether or not we ought 
to be finding more domestic oil to take the pressure off gasoline 
prices.
    There were executive restrictions on OCS exploration. I've taken 
them off; I've done my part. And now the Congress needs to do its part.
    Secondly, we ought to expand oil production by tapping into oil 
shale. Oil shale is out West, in the Rocky Mountain West, and that 
alone, if fully recovered, equals more than a century's worth of imports 
at current levels; in other words, there's huge potential. And there's 
new technologies that may make this become economically viable.
    The problem is, is that there's a provision inserted into law that 
blocks oil shale leasing on Federal lands. In other words, the Federal 
lands that contain the oil shale--you can't lease them. And if you can't 
lease them, obviously, you can't explore. The provision was slipped in; 
it can be slipped out. [Laughter]
    We ought to be drilling in Alaska. I told you about the new 
exploration techniques, the new drilling techniques. You can have a 
drilling site that protects the flora and the fauna, and explore in ways 
to get--to be--doesn't deplete your reservoir unnecessarily. In other 
words, we get oil and

[[Page 1096]]

gas to the pipeline. We can drill on a tiny footprint relative to the 
vast tract of land, and it's estimated that that would produce about 10 
billion barrels of oil. Now, some of the critics say, that's not much 
oil. Well, that's 10 billion barrels times current price less money 
going overseas and staying here in the United States of America.
    One of the real problems we have is that we haven't built a refinery 
in the United States in 30 years. Isn't that an interesting statistic? 
It's kind of a sad statistic, because, you probably don't know this, but 
much of the gasoline that we use here in America is imported from 
overseas. We haven't built a refinery because there's typically a lot of 
regulatory burdens and costly litigation. And Congress can fix it, and 
they ought to fix it. I actually asked Congress a couple of times to 
allow for refineries to be built on abandoned military bases and 
expedite the regulatory process so we can get these refineries up so we 
can get more gasoline, U.S.-produced gasoline, into the pumps for U.S. 
consumers.
    Supply and demand works. And if you got a pinched supply relative to 
increasing demand, you're going to have higher prices. We can send a 
signal to the world that the United States is going to get after these 
reserves here in the United States of America, that we're going to have 
an aggressive policy that respects our environment to take the pressure 
off international price, and we can also relieve pressure on our own 
gasoline stocks by producing it right here in the United States of 
America.
    And so I'm talking about a comprehensive plan. But it starts with 
being wise about our own resources and having confidence that technology 
will enable us to extract those resources that accomplishes several 
objectives: one, an efficient way to get the product to market; two, 
keeping our money here at home; and three, protecting the environment. 
And I'm confident we can do all three.
    We're in a interesting period of time. I happen to believe we're in 
a--it's in our national security interest to become less dependent on 
foreign oil. Matter of fact, I know it's in our national security 
interest. I sometimes remind people that we have to buy oil from places 
where people don't particularly like us. And so therefore, finding oil 
here domestically helps, but it also helps to promote alternative energy 
sources. I like the idea of our farmers growing product that powers our 
automobiles. That's one way to keep money at home. And that's why I'm a 
big believer in ethanol. And I understand the pressure on corn. If 
you're a chicken raiser, you're not happy about things right now. If 
you're a hog raiser, you know that your feed prices are going up.
    And my answer is, it is just the beginning of an industry that is 
going to develop away from corn ethanol, because I feel pretty good 
about the fact that our research and development would allow us to use 
other sources of raw materials for ethanol, like wood chips. You got 
yourself a lot of wood here in West Virginia. Wouldn't it be possible--
[applause]--and there is waste materials when it comes to the wood 
industry, the timber industry. Wouldn't it make sense to--and I think 
this is going to happen--to be able to use the waste material to produce 
energy that goes into our automobiles?
    There's a lot of cars that are flex-fuel. I don't know if you pay 
attention to whether your car is flex-fuel or not, but that means you 
can either regular gasoline or ethanol. And the automobile industry has 
been responding to demands. In my part of the world, they could be 
growing switchgrass; it's a grass that grows where there's not a lot of 
rain. And that too could be converted. It's called cellulosic ethanol; 
that's a fancy term for using different kind of products to be able to 
manufacture ethanol. Biodiesel, as well, has got a lot of potential to 
it.

[[Page 1097]]

    I believe that one really promising source of energy, so we can 
power our automobiles and become less dependent on foreign energy, is 
coal-to-liquids projects. I believe that it's worthwhile to--[applause]. 
I appreciate the fact that the leaders here in this State have pushed 
this project hard. I want to thank your--the industry for making sure 
people explore all possibilities. This has got a lot of potential to be 
able to help us in America diversify away from foreign oil. And I'm not 
sure how long it's going to take, but don't be surprised if 
technological breakthroughs don't enable you to become gasoline 
producers.
    One of these days we're going to be driving cars with battery 
technologies that will enable you to be able to have a car that doesn't 
look like a golf cart--[laughter]--but will be able to get you from 
point A to point B. It's estimated that new battery technologies will be 
on the market relatively quickly, where you can drive the first 40 miles 
on electricity. That takes the pressure off of crude oil because it 
means you're not using gasoline. Of course, we're going to have to have 
enough electricity to be able to drive the cars. That's the challenge.
    We're working on hydrogen-powered automobiles. These little fellows 
will be driving--maybe driving hydrogen-powered automobiles. That's not 
going to be happening any time soon, but there's a great potential in 
tapping hydrogen. I would repeat: In order to manufacture hydrogen, 
you're going to have to have enough electricity to be able to do so. But 
there's some great promise. If you think back to the changes in America, 
I mean, it's remarkable progress in our country. Technology has changed 
a lot about how we live, and it's going to continue doing it.
    And that's why we got--that's why I'm confident in the future. I 
just want to make sure that we understand that there isn't a single 
solution and to make sure the American people understand, you're a part 
of the solution. You're a part of making sure that the country remains 
optimistic and hopeful.
    I talk a lot about our energy resources, but the best resource in 
America is the brain power and the optimism of the American people. 
We're a fabulous country. You know, I have seen America at its very best 
in 7\1/2\ years. I marvel at the entrepreneurial spirit in our country. 
I love the fact that people go from nothing to something. I'm--our 
small-business owners are great people.
    I love the fact that we've got people who understand the dangers we 
face, understand we're facing ideological people that use murder to 
achieve their objectives, and want to hurt us again here at home. I 
marvel at the fact that we've got a country where people say, ``I want 
to serve, and to wear the uniform of the United States.''
    And I am constantly amazed at the millions of acts of kindness and 
compassion that take place on a daily basis in the United States of 
America. We've got people who feed the hungry, provide care for the 
homeless, love a neighbor in need, and it doesn't require one law from 
Washington, DC. Many of these folks respond to a higher law, a higher 
calling. This is a compassionate, decent, fantastic country, and it's 
been my honor to be your President for 7\1/2\ years.
    I'm proud to be here with you. I'm proud to call you friend. This is 
not a farewell address. [Laughter] I'm sprinting to the finish. 
[Laughter]
    God bless.

Note: The President spoke at 10:38 a.m. at the Greenbrier. In his 
remarks, he referred to James H. ``Buck'' Harless, chairman of the 
board, International Industries, Inc.; William B. Raney, president, West 
Virginia Coal Association; and Mayor Debbie Fogus of White Sulphur 
Springs, WV.

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