    [Public Papers of the Presidents of the United States: George W. Bush (2008, Book II)]
    [July 31, 2008]
    [Pages 1091-1098]
    [From the U.S. Government Publishing Office www.gpo.gov]

    Remarks to the West Virginia Coal Association in White Sulphur Springs,
    West Virginia
    July 31, 2008

        Thank you all very much. Thanks for coming. Please be seated. Thank
    you for your warm introduction. I have come to know your State very
    well. I've spent a lot of quality time here. I love its beauty, and I
    love its people. And I thank you for your warm greeting, and I'm proud
    to be here in Greenbrier.
        This place has got a rich history. During the cold war, this was
    Congress's designated meeting place in case of an emergency in
    Washington. Also the site of three championship golf courses. [Laughter]
    You get to decide whether or not that was just a coincidence. [Laughter]
        I want to talk about the energy today. No better group of people to
    talk about energy with than people who actually take risk to find
    energy. I'm--like you, I'm concerned about the price of gasoline people
    are paying. I know you're concerned about what it means for your
    workers. It's like a tax on the hard-working people here in America. So
    I'll spend a little time on that subject.
        And I'm going to talk about the fact that this country needs a
    commonsense, realistic energy policy, that there's not a single
    solution, and that we got to work to have a comprehensive plan that
    takes advantage of our assets and is realistic and provides a hopeful
    future for our citizens.
        As you know, I'm fixing to retire--[laughter]--in about 6 months.
    But I am going to sprint to the finish. And part of that sprint to the
    finish will be to continue to remind the American people that we need to
    be realistic and have common sense about today's energy needs and
    tomorrow's energy needs.
        And I want to thank my friend Buck Harless for inviting me here. He's right; he came down to
    the Governor's mansion; came down just to take a sniff. [Laughter] And I
    appreciate his friendship and your friendship. I want to thank Andrew
    Jordon, who is the chairman of the board of
    the West Virginia Coal Association. I want to thank all the other
    members of the board, and I want to thank you as risk takers and
    entrepreneurs and dreamers and doers and job providers. And I welcome
    your family members who are here too. Thanks for coming. It's good to be
    with old and young alike. [Laughter] I appreciate Bill Raney, my friend. I've known Bill a long time; he's a
    good guy. And, Bill, I want to thank you for being here today. You can
    applaud for Bill if you want.
        I'm so pleased to be traveling with Congressman Nick Rahall today. I can't thank him enough. The Congress is
    in session. He's a--he's got a chairmanship, and yet he took time to
    come down to fly down on Air Force One. I can't thank you enough--it's
    not a bad way to travel, by the way. [Laughter] But I appreciate you
    coming, Nick.
        I thank--want to thank the secretary of state, Betty
    Ireland. Betty has served this State with a
    lot of dignity. She came down from Charleston to encourage her old
    buddy--me. [Laughter] And I want to thank you for coming. I want to
    thank the mayor, Debbie Fogus. Madam Mayor,
    thank you for being here today as well; all the other State and local
    officials who have kindly come. But most importantly, thank you.
        This is a--it's a challenging time. It's not the first time we've
    been through challenging times. I might remind you that in the beginning
    of my Presidency there were some challenging times. We had a recession,
    and of course, we got attacked. And yet, with good policy and by
    trusting the ingenuity and the enterprise of the American people, we
    came through those times

    [[Page 1092]]

    better than before. We'll come--the same thing is going to happen this
    time.
        It's--we got some good news today, encouraging news. Not great news,
    but encouraging news--that in the second quarter, the economy grew at a
    rate of 1.9 percent.
        Now, it's not as good as we'd like it to be, but I want to remind
    you, a few months ago, there were predictions that the economy would
    shrink this quarter, not grow. But in fact, the opposite has happened.
    As a matter of fact, it's more than double the rate we saw in the first
    quarter; that's positive.
        It's--we saw the slowdown early, by the way. One of the jobs of
    people like me that you entrust is to see problems and react to them.
    Not, like, let problems fester and just hope for the best; it is to
    actually respond. And that's why we passed the stimulus package. Just so
    you know: Up to now, we've delivered $92 billion in stimulus payments.
    It fits into my philosophy of government, which is, I'd rather you spend
    your money than the Federal Government spend your money.
        See, I can think you can spend it better than those of us in
    Washington, DC, can spend it. I'd rather have you trying to figure out
    what's best for your family than the Government trying to figure out
    what's best for your family. So the stimulus package was all part of
    making sure that we dealt with this slowdown that was coming.
        And people believe that the stimulus package should have a positive
    effect in the third quarter. Of course, you can listen to these
    economists, on the one hand they'll say, and then on the other hand--if
    they had three hands, it would be on the one hand, the second hand, and
    the third hand. [Laughter] The stimulus package has been positive.
        There's other good economic news. Productivity increases are up,
    which makes America, our goods, more competitive. I think you understand
    the definition of productivity increases in your own industry. You've
    seen the change, mighty change take place in your businesses. Workers
    are more productive, and your businesses are more competitive as a
    result.
        Exports are on the rise; it's a--durable good orders are strong.
    What that means is that--that suggests that businesses are anticipating
    a better second half of the year. So I believe the foundations of this
    economy are strong. I think with sound policies and the ingenuity of the
    American people, we're going to emerge better and stronger. We've done
    it in the past, and we'll do it again this time.
        You know, one of the challenges is energy prices--it's energy prices
    today. Another challenge is to make sure we've got energy for tomorrow
    as well. I'm a big believer in technology and innovation. I'm going to
    spend a little time today talking about how technology can change basic
    industry to keep us competitive and to keep us economically viable in
    the future.
        I will also want to emphasize that the energy--the best energy we
    have is the ingenuity of the American people, the hard-working,
    enterprising, entrepreneurial people that get up every single day to
    make a living for their families and to contribute to the economic
    vitality of the country.
        I want to talk about electricity, and I want to talk about fuel we
    need for our cars and trucks. In order for this country to be
    economically competitive beyond my time and time of some of the others
    around here, we need to be--make sure we've got a reliable supply of
    electricity. You can't grow your economy, you can't provide hope for
    your people, you can't afford to buy new--or spend money on new
    technologies unless you have a strong economy. And part of that strong
    economy is to make sure we have reliable sources of electricity. And
    there's no more reliable source of electricity than coal.
        Coal is affordable, and coal is available right here in the United
    States of America. Coal allows us to keep our prices reasonable, and it
    provides jobs. It provides jobs

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    for hard-working people right here in the great State of West Virginia
    and other States as well.
        We use about 1.1 billion tons of coal a year. That sounds like a lot
    to me. It--and so the challenge is, how do we make sure that this
    reliable source of U.S. energy remains in the center of our strategy? I
    believe the best way to do that is for the Government to invest in clean
    coal research and development.
        Buck just wasn't down there to
    have lunch. [Laughter] He said, ``Do you understand the promise of clean
    coal technology, and will you support it?'' I said, ``I will.'' As a
    matter of fact, I didn't say it just to him; I've said it throughout
    this State--not one time, but many times.
        This year--I mean, since we've been in office, we've spent $2.5
    billion on clean coal research. Why? Because it's a good investment to
    make sure that an abundant supply of energy is available and is in use
    for a long time coming. That's why we're doing it.
        This year alone we've requested nearly $650 million in the budget
    for advanced coal research. It's the largest such request in 25 years.
    The funding is supported--is supporting the development of technology to
    capture carbon dioxide emissions that come from coal. This is something
    the industry wants the Government to do. We want us to be on the leading
    edge of change. We want to be able to capture CO2. These
    advances obviously are going to make coal more environmentally friendly.
    It'll make it easier for people to say, ``Let's use this abundant
    resource.''
        Today my administration announced $36 million for new carbon capture
    projects. In other words, it's more than just research. We're now
    beginning to get into the implementation stage of promising new
    technologies. And eventually, the technology may allow us to prevent 90
    percent of coal's carbon emissions from being released into the
    environment. We're working collaboratively together, and I want to thank
    the Coal Association's support of this kind of technology and research
    and development. It makes a lot of sense.
        Secondly, we've got to use nuclear power. Coal is obviously going to
    be an important part of the mix as we go forward, and it should be. What
    do they say, got 250 years of reserves here? That's a long time. Two
    hundred and fifty years is a--should--of reserves should say, gosh,
    we're in good shape, we got energy available right here in the United
    States of America.
        This new technology will help us use those reserves, but we can also
    use nuclear power too. I'm a big believer in civilian nuclear power. I
    think it makes a lot of sense. People out there in the environmental
    community talk about the need for zero-emission, renewable fuel--there's
    one right there called nuclear power. And they ought to be supporting
    nuclear power.
        Part of the problem with nuclear power is that it's hard to get a
    plant built because of excessive regulation and lawsuits. You understand
    the deployment of capital. There has to be certainty when it comes time
    to deploy capital. The deployment of capital entails risk, and that is
    the return on--whether or not there's a decent return on your capital.
    But risk can also come if the Government steps in at the last minute or
    a lawsuit steps in the last minute and says all the capital you deployed
    isn't going to be utilized. And that's been part of the problem.
        So we're working to--and by the way, there hasn't been one new
    nuclear power plant built in this country in 30 years. If you're
    interested in making sure that we've got a viable economic future, we
    need electricity, and we can get good electricity from coal, and we can
    get good electricity from nuclear power as well.
        So we've been working to help eliminate the barriers to development
    in nuclear power plants. We want there to be regulatory certainty. We
    want there to be fewer

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    lawsuits. We invested more than $300 million in research and development
    for energy technology. We want these little ones when they grow up to
    know that there's safe engineering in these plants.
        We've launched a program called Nuclear Power 2010, which is a
    partnership between the industry and the Government to encourage the
    construction of new plants. Interestingly enough--I'm sure this hasn't
    made it to you yet, but I think you'll find this interesting, that we've
    received applications to build or operate 18 new nuclear reactors in the
    United States. And we anticipate another seven applications submitted
    this year. I'm glad to report that because there needs to be a
    comprehensive plan. There's not a single solution to making sure we got
    enough electricity. There needs to be a comprehensive solution.
        And here's an important part of the plan. We ought to be utilizing
    wind. I tell people all the time, they ought to be putting wind turbines
    in Washington--[laughter]--particularly those that utilize hot air.
    [Laughter] We've increased our wind production by more than 400 percent
    since 2001. There's a lot of wind turbines out in my part of the
    country, out in west Texas in the desert where there's a lot of wind and
    a lot of open space.
        Interestingly enough, last year, more than 30 percent of the new
    electrical generating capacity came from wind. And this country has
    installed more wind power capacity than any other country in the world.
    It's an interesting mix, isn't it? Make no mistake about it: Most of the
    energy is going to come from the kind of plants that we now have in
    existence, but wind can be an additive; it can be an additional part of
    an energy mix.
        And so can solar energy. Solar energy has got a lot of promise,
    particularly in parts of the world where the sun shines a lot.
    [Laughter] We're working hard to figure out what's available, what's
    viable, how do you store, how do you feed back into the electricity grid
    solar energy. My only point to you is, is that--I'm going to keep saying
    this over and over again, because the country has got to hear it--we
    need a variety of sources of power in order to deal with the problems
    today and, as importantly, send the signal that the future is going to
    be viable for people, that there's going to be plenty of electricity.
        I want to talk to you about gasoline prices here for a while. And
    there are some things we can do; there's some signals we can send. The--
    we're living in an interesting world, because a demand for gas--for oil
    in a remote part of the world affects the gasoline prices right here in
    West Virginia.
        Hydrocarbon--oil is a commodity, and there are now growing economies
    like China and India that are demanding more oil in order to keep their
    economies growing. I don't know if you know this or not, but I find it
    very interesting that in India there are 350 million people in their
    middle class. That's more than all of America.
        And so these people, they want better lives just like our citizens
    want better lives. And so there is increasing demand for gasoline, which
    means increasing demand for oil. Most Americans, I'm confident,
    understand that when the price of crude oil goes up, it drives the price
    of gasoline.
        The demand for oil worldwide is outstripping the supply of oil
    worldwide, which creates pricing pressures. And so what do you do about
    it? It's one thing to identify the problem; it's another thing to do
    something about it. Well, one thing you do about it is obviously
    conservation. I mean, when people drive less, it takes pressure off the
    market.
        I happen to believe in the collective wisdom of the American people,
    and you can make your own decision whether or not you want to drive
    extra or not. That's the marketplace and how it works. But the
    Government can help, and that's why we passed increased fuel efficiency
    standards for cars and trucks.

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        I want to talk about the supply side. We have got to increase
    domestic production of oil. If you want to take the price pressure--
    [applause]--if you want to take the pressure off price, we ought to be
    sending a signal that the United States is going to find oil right here
    in our own hemisphere. And at the same time, we ought to be working on
    alternative sources. So I'll spend a little time on ethanol and
    biodiesel and hydrogen power. But I do want to concentrate on oil.
        Congress has got an opportunity to send a signal to our own citizens
    in the world that we will, in environmentally friendly ways, explore
    vast opportunities to find--bring more oil to the market right here in
    the United States. I'd rather be buying our oil from U.S. producers than
    sending our money overseas.
        And there's a lot of frustration building up. People are looking at
    Washington to actually do something constructive, and yet we can't get
    any votes on some practical solutions. Here they are.
        First, we ought to be drilling offshore exploration, what's called
    the Outer Continental Shelf. These limits are--this Outer Continental
    Shelf is off-limits, and it has been for a while; although the experts
    say that this could produce enough oil to match our current production
    for nearly 10 years. There's a lot of potential. Problem is that the
    Congress has restricted access to key areas of the OCS since the early
    1980s; in other words, there's prohibitions in law.
        Technologies has advanced a lot since the 1980s. You know it in your
    own industry, but if you know anything about the oil and gas business,
    you know that there's been unbelievable technological breakthroughs when
    it comes for exploration for oil and gas. I mean, you can be very--you
    can drill in a single-site location with horizontal drilling to explore
    reservoirs, which makes it easier to protect coral reefs, for example,
    in the offshore--we all want to be environmentally friendly people, but
    we also want to have practical policies that deal with the problems we
    face today and the problems we'll face tomorrow if we don't get going.
        I asked the Congress to lift the legislative ban in June and to
    allow there to be offshore exploration. Tomorrow is the 1st of August.
    That is now 6 weeks since I made the request, and Democratic leaders
    there haven't done anything. I--Members are fixing to go home on their
    August break; they get to explain to their citizens why nothing positive
    has happened. Looking forward to listening to the explanations. It's--
    there's legislation pending in Congress to lift the restrictions. My
    call is, before you go home for an extended period of time, you ought to
    bring these bills to the floor. The leaders ought to be giving these
    Members a vote, a chance to say yes or no as to whether or not we ought
    to be finding more domestic oil to take the pressure off gasoline
    prices.
        There were executive restrictions on OCS exploration. I've taken
    them off; I've done my part. And now the Congress needs to do its part.
        Secondly, we ought to expand oil production by tapping into oil
    shale. Oil shale is out West, in the Rocky Mountain West, and that
    alone, if fully recovered, equals more than a century's worth of imports
    at current levels; in other words, there's huge potential. And there's
    new technologies that may make this become economically viable.
        The problem is, is that there's a provision inserted into law that
    blocks oil shale leasing on Federal lands. In other words, the Federal
    lands that contain the oil shale--you can't lease them. And if you can't
    lease them, obviously, you can't explore. The provision was slipped in;
    it can be slipped out. [Laughter]
        We ought to be drilling in Alaska. I told you about the new
    exploration techniques, the new drilling techniques. You can have a
    drilling site that protects the flora and the fauna, and explore in ways
    to get--to be--doesn't deplete your reservoir unnecessarily. In other
    words, we get oil and

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    gas to the pipeline. We can drill on a tiny footprint relative to the
    vast tract of land, and it's estimated that that would produce about 10
    billion barrels of oil. Now, some of the critics say, that's not much
    oil. Well, that's 10 billion barrels times current price less money
    going overseas and staying here in the United States of America.
        One of the real problems we have is that we haven't built a refinery
    in the United States in 30 years. Isn't that an interesting statistic?
    It's kind of a sad statistic, because, you probably don't know this, but
    much of the gasoline that we use here in America is imported from
    overseas. We haven't built a refinery because there's typically a lot of
    regulatory burdens and costly litigation. And Congress can fix it, and
    they ought to fix it. I actually asked Congress a couple of times to
    allow for refineries to be built on abandoned military bases and
    expedite the regulatory process so we can get these refineries up so we
    can get more gasoline, U.S.-produced gasoline, into the pumps for U.S.
    consumers.
        Supply and demand works. And if you got a pinched supply relative to
    increasing demand, you're going to have higher prices. We can send a
    signal to the world that the United States is going to get after these
    reserves here in the United States of America, that we're going to have
    an aggressive policy that respects our environment to take the pressure
    off international price, and we can also relieve pressure on our own
    gasoline stocks by producing it right here in the United States of
    America.
        And so I'm talking about a comprehensive plan. But it starts with
    being wise about our own resources and having confidence that technology
    will enable us to extract those resources that accomplishes several
    objectives: one, an efficient way to get the product to market; two,
    keeping our money here at home; and three, protecting the environment.
    And I'm confident we can do all three.
        We're in a interesting period of time. I happen to believe we're in
    a--it's in our national security interest to become less dependent on
    foreign oil. Matter of fact, I know it's in our national security
    interest. I sometimes remind people that we have to buy oil from places
    where people don't particularly like us. And so therefore, finding oil
    here domestically helps, but it also helps to promote alternative energy
    sources. I like the idea of our farmers growing product that powers our
    automobiles. That's one way to keep money at home. And that's why I'm a
    big believer in ethanol. And I understand the pressure on corn. If
    you're a chicken raiser, you're not happy about things right now. If
    you're a hog raiser, you know that your feed prices are going up.
        And my answer is, it is just the beginning of an industry that is
    going to develop away from corn ethanol, because I feel pretty good
    about the fact that our research and development would allow us to use
    other sources of raw materials for ethanol, like wood chips. You got
    yourself a lot of wood here in West Virginia. Wouldn't it be possible--
    [applause]--and there is waste materials when it comes to the wood
    industry, the timber industry. Wouldn't it make sense to--and I think
    this is going to happen--to be able to use the waste material to produce
    energy that goes into our automobiles?
        There's a lot of cars that are flex-fuel. I don't know if you pay
    attention to whether your car is flex-fuel or not, but that means you
    can either regular gasoline or ethanol. And the automobile industry has
    been responding to demands. In my part of the world, they could be
    growing switchgrass; it's a grass that grows where there's not a lot of
    rain. And that too could be converted. It's called cellulosic ethanol;
    that's a fancy term for using different kind of products to be able to
    manufacture ethanol. Biodiesel, as well, has got a lot of potential to
    it.

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        I believe that one really promising source of energy, so we can
    power our automobiles and become less dependent on foreign energy, is
    coal-to-liquids projects. I believe that it's worthwhile to--[applause].
    I appreciate the fact that the leaders here in this State have pushed
    this project hard. I want to thank your--the industry for making sure
    people explore all possibilities. This has got a lot of potential to be
    able to help us in America diversify away from foreign oil. And I'm not
    sure how long it's going to take, but don't be surprised if
    technological breakthroughs don't enable you to become gasoline
    producers.
        One of these days we're going to be driving cars with battery
    technologies that will enable you to be able to have a car that doesn't
    look like a golf cart--[laughter]--but will be able to get you from
    point A to point B. It's estimated that new battery technologies will be
    on the market relatively quickly, where you can drive the first 40 miles
    on electricity. That takes the pressure off of crude oil because it
    means you're not using gasoline. Of course, we're going to have to have
    enough electricity to be able to drive the cars. That's the challenge.
        We're working on hydrogen-powered automobiles. These little fellows
    will be driving--maybe driving hydrogen-powered automobiles. That's not
    going to be happening any time soon, but there's a great potential in
    tapping hydrogen. I would repeat: In order to manufacture hydrogen,
    you're going to have to have enough electricity to be able to do so. But
    there's some great promise. If you think back to the changes in America,
    I mean, it's remarkable progress in our country. Technology has changed
    a lot about how we live, and it's going to continue doing it.
        And that's why we got--that's why I'm confident in the future. I
    just want to make sure that we understand that there isn't a single
    solution and to make sure the American people understand, you're a part
    of the solution. You're a part of making sure that the country remains
    optimistic and hopeful.
        I talk a lot about our energy resources, but the best resource in
    America is the brain power and the optimism of the American people.
    We're a fabulous country. You know, I have seen America at its very best
    in 7\1/2\ years. I marvel at the entrepreneurial spirit in our country.
    I love the fact that people go from nothing to something. I'm--our
    small-business owners are great people.
        I love the fact that we've got people who understand the dangers we
    face, understand we're facing ideological people that use murder to
    achieve their objectives, and want to hurt us again here at home. I
    marvel at the fact that we've got a country where people say, ``I want
    to serve, and to wear the uniform of the United States.''
        And I am constantly amazed at the millions of acts of kindness and
    compassion that take place on a daily basis in the United States of
    America. We've got people who feed the hungry, provide care for the
    homeless, love a neighbor in need, and it doesn't require one law from
    Washington, DC. Many of these folks respond to a higher law, a higher
    calling. This is a compassionate, decent, fantastic country, and it's
    been my honor to be your President for 7\1/2\ years.
        I'm proud to be here with you. I'm proud to call you friend. This is
    not a farewell address. [Laughter] I'm sprinting to the finish.
    [Laughter]
        God bless.

    Note: The President spoke at 10:38 a.m. at the Greenbrier. In his
    remarks, he referred to James H. ``Buck'' Harless, chairman of the
    board, International Industries, Inc.; William B. Raney, president, West
    Virginia Coal Association; and Mayor Debbie Fogus of White Sulphur
    Springs, WV.

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