[Public Papers of the Presidents of the United States: George W. Bush (2008, Book I)]
[March 26, 2008]
[Pages 416-423]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office www.gpo.gov]
Interview With Foreign Print Journalists
March 26, 2008
The President. All right, sit down. How is everybody doing back
there? That's what we call the peanut gallery.
I'm looking forward to going to Ukraine and Romania again, Croatia.
This will be a--it's a very important trip; important trip to discuss
our bilateral relations, and it's an important trip because of NATO. I
believe we'll have a successful summit. The definition of success is to
make sure NATO stays relevant, and that we work in a collaborative
fashion to deal with the threats of the 21st century and the
opportunities of the 21st century.
And there's no better opportunity to deal with the threats of terror
than in Afghanistan. So part of the mission--part of our collective
mission in Romania for the NATO meeting is to encourage people to take
our obligations seriously. And the United States, to that end, will make
it clear that we do take our obligations seriously. We've committed
3,500 marines--3,200 marines--3,700 marines?
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White House National Security Adviser Stephen J. Hadley. Three
thousand two hundred.
The President. ----3,200 marines, plus their enablers--[laughter]--
inside joke--anyway, to--as a part of a stronger commitment, to set an
example and encourage others to participate.
Secondly, enlargement of NATO will be on the agenda. And I'm a
strong supporter of encouraging the right decision to be made at
Bucharest on Croatia and Albania and Macedonia.
Thirdly, we'll be discussing the aspirations of Ukraine and Georgia.
I have been public in my statements that I believe that NATO benefits
and Ukraine and Georgia benefit, if and when there is membership. I do
know that one of the signals we're going to have to send, and must send,
is there is a clear path forward for Ukraine and Georgia. The decision
will be made, of course, at Bucharest. But I've analyzed the situation,
and I believe it's in the interests that there is that clear path
forward. It's in the interest of NATO, collectively, and it's in the
interest of each individual country.
And finally, we'll be talking about missile defense and
cyberterrorism and counterterrorism activities, how we can work together
to stay effective in this world in which we live.
And so anyway, I'm looking forward to the trip. And so we'll do a
couple rounds of questions.
Alona. Is that an accurate way of saying your name?
Ukraine/North Atlantic Treaty Organization
Q. Yes, Alona.
The President. Alona.
Q. Mr. President, will Ukraine be invited to participate in the
Membership Action Plan at NATO summit? And how much, if it gets it, this
invitation, how much time will be needed for Ukraine to enter NATO?
The President. Yes----
Q. Nine years as it is for Macedonia, or 5 years as it was for the
Baltic States?
The President. Iona, first of all, it's--the decision will be made
by NATO members at Bucharest. So when I come to your country, I'll be
saying that I believe that Ukraine benefits from not only the process to
join NATO but eventually, hopefully, joining NATO. But that decision
won't be made until we're all there in Romania.
Secondly, it just depends on the country as to how long events
will--the reforms take in order to get offered membership into NATO. So
the first step, however, is for there to be a clear path forward, so
that people understand. And I believe it's in our collective interest
that we offer a clear path forward. But it's very important for the
people in your country to understand that the decision won't be made
until after I leave Ukraine and make it to Romania.
Are they still talking about the ``rainbow speech''? Were you there
for that?
Q. Yes.
The President. It was an amazing moment, wasn't it?
Q. Yes. It was amazing moment, yes.
The President. I was giving a speech in the town square where
Ceausescu had given his final speech. And it was raining, and just as I
got up to speak, a full rainbow appeared.
Q. Yes, and about bridge to a new Russia.
The President. Yes.
Q. You remember that?
The President. I remember the rainbow most of all. It was a
startling moment.
Anyway, fire away, Ioana.
Moldova
Q. Johanna.
The President. Johanna.
Q. Mr. President, Moldova is a country between NATO member Romania
and possible future NATO member Ukraine. But Moldova still has a lot of
problems: poverty, corruption, and Russian troops on its
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territory without its consent. Washington is currently involved in
resolving a breakaway region, Transnistria. But my question is, what do
you think the United States can do to help Moldova to become a
democratic, independent state and not a failed state under Russian
influence, a point of instability at the NATO border?
The President. Right. First is to continue to make our intentions
clear, and that is that we want to work to make sure Moldova, which is
now an independent nation, has got sovereign borders and is treated like
an independent nation. Secondly, we constantly advocate for good, clean,
open government. Thirdly, we're a member of a 5-plus-2, which is the
process by which, hopefully, the Transnistria issue would be solved.
So our strategy is to work with the relevant parties and to promote,
as you said, a independent, open, transparent, good-government Moldova.
Yes, sir.
Croatia
Q. Mr. President----
The President. Yes.
Q. ----how do you see Croatia future in the NATO architecture in
southeastern Europe, regarding its capability to host joint military
bases, and primarily NATO forces, and the further development of its
armed forces and its readiness to take part in NATO missions and
contribute to the common security of the alliance?
The President. Yes, thank you.
Q. And how do you see the role of Croatia in promoting peace and
stability in southeastern Europe, especially regarding the present
situation relating to the establishment of independent Kosovo?
The President. Kosovo, sure. Whew, it's a long question. First of
all, just get this off the table: There's no intention to have NATO
bases, permanent bases. Secondly, Croatia has served as a very good
example, following a very dramatic moment, and that is the breakup of
Yugoslavia. And your Government has made difficult decisions and made
those decisions, first and foremost, on behalf of the people. But it
turns out, many of the reform decisions, therefore, make it likely that
Croatia will be invited into NATO.
Examples are very important. The question is, would people have
predicted 15 years ago that we'd be having this kind of discussion about
Croatia? And who knows; I don't think many people would have, certainly,
25 years ago. And yet Croatia is a independent, sovereign nation,
hopefully, soon to be invited to join NATO, which is a clear example of
what is possible if people make the right decisions on behalf of their
people.
Part of being a part of NATO means commitment to a modern military.
And Croatian troops, which have performed bravely in recent active
theaters during this war against extremism, will benefit from being in
NATO and benefit from serving side by side with other members of NATO.
NATO membership would be a very positive thing for the people of
Croatia.
And I'm really looking forward to going to your country. I hope I'm
coming with good news, but the decision will be made in this case before
I go to Croatia. And they say it's one of the most beautiful coastlines
in the entire world.
Q. Yes. Hope you're going to see that.
The President. Am I going to get to see the coastline? I hope I do.
Q. I hope, I hope.
The President. You're not my scheduler, okay.
Thomas.
Progress in Iraq
Q. Thank you, Mr. President.
The President. I do think Great Britain ought to be in NATO, yes.
[Laughter]
Q. I think we were last time I checked. [Laughter]
The President. Yes, you are, and a very good member.
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Q. Thank you very much. In a different field of operations, in Iraq,
there's been a recent upsurge again in violence, which appears to have
emanated in the area of Basra, which Britain used to control. Do you
believe recent events there serve as a warning to those in your country
and beyond who have counseled you to withdraw rapidly?
The President. My first reaction to watching the Iraqi Government
respond forcefully--and to make it abundantly clear that--I think the
exact--I can't remember the exact words of the Prime Minister, but ``criminal elements,'' I know, were a part of
his declaration--would be dealt with. I thought that was a very positive
moment in the development of a sovereign nation that is willing to take
on elements that are--you know, that believe they're beyond the law.
And secondly, we are helping, but it's important to know that the
Iraqis are in the lead. This is a positive moment in the development of
a nation that can govern itself and defend itself and sustain itself. We
will provide oversight and, on occasion, support when asked. This is an
Iraqi operation.
And one of the things I'll be saying in the runup to the Petraeus-Crocker
testimony is that we have made substantial gains, but it's still a
fragile situation. Therefore, the decision about our troop levels will
be based upon not politics or not who can scream the loudest, but based
upon whether or not we can maintain the successes we've had. And I
understand there's people here who want us to leave regardless of the
situation, but that's not going to happen so long as I'm the Commander
in Chief.
British Troop Withdrawal From Iraq
Q. Did we get out too early?
The President. No, you didn't. The British commitment was--first of
all, you were there from day one, and you were there during the very
heavy fighting. And the British commitment was to move to the airbase
based upon success. And I'm very grateful for the British friendship and
alliance and the contributions.
Alona. What do you think, Alona? So where do you live? Kiev?
Ukraine/Kosovan Independence
Q. Kiev, yes.
The President. Yes? So you flew all the way over here just for this
interview?
Q. Yes.
The President. I'm very grateful. Oh, so guess what happened to me.
I went down to Crawford--that's in Texas--and I went to an event for--to
honor some of our soldiers' families. And a local doctor--I think it was
a doctor--came and said, ``Would you mind meeting a group of people from
Ukraine?'' I said, ``Sure.'' And there we were in Waco, Texas, with, I
think, maybe 20 or 30 health care specialists from Ukraine that were in
my home State. And it was sure good to meet them.
Q. And how important is Ukraine's recognition of Kosovo in the U.S.
point of view? Do you expect this step from the Ukrainian authorities in
the nearest future?
The President. That's going to be up to the Ukranian authorities to
make the decisions that they deem are necessary. We hope they will
recognize Kosovo's independence, just like we have. It's supervised
independence, of course, but we strongly supported that idea from the
beginning and supported the U.N. plan that would help lead to a
supervised independence and, at the same time, guarantee the minority
rights within Kosovo. And we would hope Ukraine would do the same thing.
Ioana.
U.S. Visa Policy
Q. Romania is a U.S. ally in Iraq and Afghanistan, but the Romanians
are not met as allies on the United States territory.
The President. Aha. [Laughter] You're heading towards the visa
issue, aren't you?
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Q. Yes. What Romania should do to enter in waiver visa program? And
what do you recommend us, bilateral negotiations with the United States
or negotiations through European Union?
The President. Yes, thank you. [Laughter] Very tricky question.
[Laughter] You ready? You better turn that thing up, because I'm going
to give you a whopper of an answer. [Laughter]
Q. Give me the news, I hope. [Laughter]
The President. Yes. Now, first of all, it is hard for me to justify
to the citizens of Romania that they can serve alongside our troops in
major theaters in the war against extremists and not be able to have--be
treated like other members of the EU, as far as visa waiver, and I know
that. And it's difficult for citizens to understand that.
But we're still dealing with a--you know, it is--we're adjusting law
based upon previous practice. And the law needed to change, reflecting
the modern era, and it did change. Congress did change the capacity
for--to have a new look at visa waiver. But there are some requirements.
And my advice is for the Romanian Government to negotiate bilaterally
with the United States in order to solve this problem.
There are other countries in your neighborhood that are making good
progress toward being granted visa waiver. And I would strongly urge
your leaders to take a look at what they have done and then interface
with our officials. And I'll, of course, be talking of this with the
President and the Prime Minister when I'm there.
Q. Thank you very much.
The President. Yes.
Yes, sir.
Croatia-U.S. Relations
Q. Mr. President, Croatian NATO membership bid and steadfast support
of your administration for that ambition was a centerpiece of the
bilateral relations between Croatia and U.S.A. last 7 or 8 years. And
will it now, if Croatia became a NATO member--and relations will be
elevated to the higher level of allies--can we expect to see more
importance will be attached to the economic cooperation, U.S. investment
in Croatia in the future?
The President. Yes, our relationships tend not to be--they tend to
be multidimensional and not just based upon one aspect or another. And I
believe strongly in free trade and the movement of investment. And
Croatia occupies a crucial part--a crucial space in an important part of
the world. And of course, we want to enhance trade.
A lot of Americans need to learn more about Croatia, although there
are about a million Croatian Americans here. And there's going to be all
kinds of opportunities. Of course, those opportunities will be
advantaged if the Government makes rational decisions on, for example,
good investment laws. In other words, there's competition for investment
dollars, in this case, or investment euros, or investment whatevers. And
therefore, the laws need to be transparent, the rule of law consistent,
the Government obviously clean, so that the main risk for an invested
currency is not government risk, it is the risk of the enterprise
itself.
And therefore, to answer your question, yes, of course, we want to
have all kinds of different aspects of our relationship flourish with
Croatia. But in terms of investing, it's going to be up to the
Government to make decisions to make sure the investment climate is
good.
Q. Thank you.
The President. Yes.
United Kingdom-U.S. Relations/France-U.S. Relations
Q. Mr. President?
The President. Yes, Thomas.
Q. ----very formal. [Laughter]
The President. Okay, Tom.
Q. You mentioned in your preamble that it is important for NATO to
honor its obligations to Afghanistan. There has been
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some criticism of NATO's performance in Afghanistan from Washington. In
recent days, Nicolas Sarkozy, your new friend--[laughter]--has promised
another 1,000 troops for Afghanistan.
The President. Today.
Q. Yes. Is there any sense that on that battlefield and indeed,
beyond, France is now emerging as your greatest ally?
The President. I have always said that the relationship with the
United Kingdom is a special relationship. And that relationship was
never as special as it was during times of conflict, whether it be the
relationship in the past between, like, Roosevelt and Churchill, or
whether it be the current relationship, more modern relationship between
Tony Blair and myself. And so your question,
``our greatest ally,'' it's going to be hard for any nation to trump
Great Britain as our--United Kingdom as our greatest ally.
Having said that, no question, the relationship is changing for the
better, and President Sarkozy gets a lot of
credit for that. I like him personally. He's an interesting man. He is a
highly energetic, decisive person, who is not interested in creating
divisions between--in the transatlantic alliance, but is interested in
making sure that not only are bilateral relations are good, but the
transatlantic alliance meets the threats.
And his statement about commitment to--French troops to Afghanistan
is a very important preamble to the NATO conference. It will pretty much
ensure that this conference is a successful conference, because nations
will watch very carefully. When you combine our commitment, the Canadian
commitment, the British commitment, and the French commitment of troops
that will be in harm's way, it is a strong statement that NATO
understands the threats, understands the challenges, and is willing to
rise to them.
Okay, everybody, it's been a joyous experience. And for you? It's a
beauty. [Laughter] Okay.
Russia-U.S. Relations
Q. And about Russia?
The President. I thought we said two questions apiece.
Q. In your opinion, what are the prospects for democracy in Russia,
in Medvedev----
The President. I haven't met President Medvedev yet. I may have met him once, but I haven't had a talk
to him, President to President, obviously. He's not even the President
yet. I'm looking forward to meeting him. I am--have you put out the word
yet?
Mr. Hadley. No.
The President. Are you going to today?
Mr. Hadley. I am.
The President. Yes, okay. So I'm going to go to Russia. I've been
invited to Russia. President Putin has
invited me to Russia. You're the first to hear it, so you can hustle out
of here and put it on the wires. This is no longer off the record.
Steve is going to come and brief it at
3:30 p.m.--3:15 p.m., President Putin has invited me to go to Sochi. And
it's to discuss the strategic agreement, the crucial part of which is
missile defense.
Condi Rice and Bob Gates had a good visit with the President and counterparts on
this very issue--and hopefully, that we can advance our dialogue, so at
some point in time, we can reach an agreement on these important
matters, proliferation matters. I know we've got agreement on Iran, and
that is that Iran should not have the capacity to enrich, and that I
supported the Russian efforts to convince the Iranians that they didn't
need to learn how to enrich, because he--Putin--was willing to provide
enriched uranium for a civilian nuclear power plant. Therefore, no need
to enrich, which I thought was a smart move and supported.
So there's an area where we'll continue to have discussions. And I
called President-elect Medvedev and reminded
him--and congratulated him for getting elected and
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reminded him that--of some of the comments he made about rule law and
transparency--and can't remember exactly everything he said, but it
sounded very progressive. And I said, we're listening very carefully to
your words, and I appreciated your speech and looking forward to working
with you to help accomplish those objectives.
But I have yet to work with him, obviously, President to President.
He hasn't been sworn in. So check back in
with me after I've had a couple of meetings with him.
President's Visit to Russia/Missile Defense System
Q. When are you going to Russia?
The President. Day after Croatia. We haven't worked the details yet.
Mr. Hadley. We have not worked the
details yet.
The President. My crack adviser here
is giving me--[laughter].
Mr. Hadley. Clearly, we intend to
accept. We're going to have to work the details out.
The President. Yes, we intend to accept. In other words, there's an
invitation out there, and this is really--the way to look at this is a
follow-up to Condi and Bob Gates's meeting, which is good. Romania and other nations
would hope that the United States would have good relations with Russia.
And it's important that we have good relations with Russia; we can find
common interests.
On the other hand, there are areas where we have been able to be in
a position where I've expressed my disagreements with President
Putin on different matters related to their
democracy. And my strategy all along is to keep relations such that he
will actually listen to what I have to say. So when you hear people say,
``George Bush has got good relations with Vladimir Putin,'' there's a
reason why. Because if you're--in order to have somebody listen to you,
they got to at least have an open mind. And it's hard to have an open
mind if the only thing you're doing is try to blast away on a regular
basis about your disagreements publicly. I've chosen not to do that.
Therefore, I'm optimistic we can reach accord on very important
matters. I think a lot of people in Europe would have a deep sigh of
relief if we're able to reach an accord on missile defense. And
hopefully, we can. One of the things that, hopefully, is clear to the
Russian side is that this system is not aimed at Russia. After all, it
doesn't take many missiles to overwhelm the kind of system we're talking
about. And Russia has got plenty of missiles if they want to overwhelm.
This is really aimed at a potential missile launch, for example, out of
the Middle East. And therefore, I think it makes sense for us to be able
to be in a position, if people so choose to share information and fully
understand the operational activities of a system, so as to build
confidence.
So we'll see how it goes. I'm looking forward to it.
Russia's Leadership
Q. Do you think President Putin continues to pull the strings?
The President. You know, I just don't know. It's an interesting
question. That's speculative.
Q. It's what we do for a living. [Laughter]
The President. Not me. [Laughter]
Thank you all. Enjoyed it.
Note: The interview was taped at 1:53 p.m. in the Roosevelt Room at the
White House and was released by the Office of the Press Secretary on
March 27. In his remarks, the President referred to Prime Minister Nuri
al-Maliki of Iraq; Gen. David H. Petraeus, USA, commanding general,
Multi-National Force--Iraq; President Traian Basescu and Prime Minister
Calin Popescu-Tariceanu of Romania; former Prime Minister Tony Blair
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of the United Kingdom; and President Nicolas Sarkozy of France. A tape
was not available for verification of the content of this interview.