[Public Papers of the Presidents of the United States: George W. Bush (2008, Book I)]
[March 26, 2008]
[Pages 416-423]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office www.gpo.gov]



Interview With Foreign Print Journalists
March 26, 2008

    The President. All right, sit down. How is everybody doing back 
there? That's what we call the peanut gallery.
    I'm looking forward to going to Ukraine and Romania again, Croatia. 
This will be a--it's a very important trip; important trip to discuss 
our bilateral relations, and it's an important trip because of NATO. I 
believe we'll have a successful summit. The definition of success is to 
make sure NATO stays relevant, and that we work in a collaborative 
fashion to deal with the threats of the 21st century and the 
opportunities of the 21st century.
    And there's no better opportunity to deal with the threats of terror 
than in Afghanistan. So part of the mission--part of our collective 
mission in Romania for the NATO meeting is to encourage people to take 
our obligations seriously. And the United States, to that end, will make 
it clear that we do take our obligations seriously. We've committed 
3,500 marines--3,200 marines--3,700 marines?

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    White House National Security Adviser Stephen J. Hadley. Three 
thousand two hundred.
    The President. ----3,200 marines, plus their enablers--[laughter]--
inside joke--anyway, to--as a part of a stronger commitment, to set an 
example and encourage others to participate.
    Secondly, enlargement of NATO will be on the agenda. And I'm a 
strong supporter of encouraging the right decision to be made at 
Bucharest on Croatia and Albania and Macedonia.
    Thirdly, we'll be discussing the aspirations of Ukraine and Georgia. 
I have been public in my statements that I believe that NATO benefits 
and Ukraine and Georgia benefit, if and when there is membership. I do 
know that one of the signals we're going to have to send, and must send, 
is there is a clear path forward for Ukraine and Georgia. The decision 
will be made, of course, at Bucharest. But I've analyzed the situation, 
and I believe it's in the interests that there is that clear path 
forward. It's in the interest of NATO, collectively, and it's in the 
interest of each individual country.
    And finally, we'll be talking about missile defense and 
cyberterrorism and counterterrorism activities, how we can work together 
to stay effective in this world in which we live.
    And so anyway, I'm looking forward to the trip. And so we'll do a 
couple rounds of questions.
    Alona. Is that an accurate way of saying your name?

Ukraine/North Atlantic Treaty Organization

    Q. Yes, Alona.
    The President. Alona.
    Q. Mr. President, will Ukraine be invited to participate in the 
Membership Action Plan at NATO summit? And how much, if it gets it, this 
invitation, how much time will be needed for Ukraine to enter NATO?
    The President. Yes----
    Q. Nine years as it is for Macedonia, or 5 years as it was for the 
Baltic States?
    The President. Iona, first of all, it's--the decision will be made 
by NATO members at Bucharest. So when I come to your country, I'll be 
saying that I believe that Ukraine benefits from not only the process to 
join NATO but eventually, hopefully, joining NATO. But that decision 
won't be made until we're all there in Romania.
    Secondly, it just depends on the country as to how long events 
will--the reforms take in order to get offered membership into NATO. So 
the first step, however, is for there to be a clear path forward, so 
that people understand. And I believe it's in our collective interest 
that we offer a clear path forward. But it's very important for the 
people in your country to understand that the decision won't be made 
until after I leave Ukraine and make it to Romania.
    Are they still talking about the ``rainbow speech''? Were you there 
for that?
    Q. Yes.
    The President. It was an amazing moment, wasn't it?
    Q. Yes. It was amazing moment, yes.
    The President. I was giving a speech in the town square where 
Ceausescu had given his final speech. And it was raining, and just as I 
got up to speak, a full rainbow appeared.
    Q. Yes, and about bridge to a new Russia.
    The President. Yes.
    Q. You remember that?
    The President. I remember the rainbow most of all. It was a 
startling moment.
    Anyway, fire away, Ioana.

Moldova

    Q. Johanna.
    The President. Johanna.
    Q. Mr. President, Moldova is a country between NATO member Romania 
and possible future NATO member Ukraine. But Moldova still has a lot of 
problems: poverty, corruption, and Russian troops on its

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territory without its consent. Washington is currently involved in 
resolving a breakaway region, Transnistria. But my question is, what do 
you think the United States can do to help Moldova to become a 
democratic, independent state and not a failed state under Russian 
influence, a point of instability at the NATO border?
    The President. Right. First is to continue to make our intentions 
clear, and that is that we want to work to make sure Moldova, which is 
now an independent nation, has got sovereign borders and is treated like 
an independent nation. Secondly, we constantly advocate for good, clean, 
open government. Thirdly, we're a member of a 5-plus-2, which is the 
process by which, hopefully, the Transnistria issue would be solved.
    So our strategy is to work with the relevant parties and to promote, 
as you said, a independent, open, transparent, good-government Moldova.
    Yes, sir.

Croatia

    Q. Mr. President----
    The President. Yes.
    Q. ----how do you see Croatia future in the NATO architecture in 
southeastern Europe, regarding its capability to host joint military 
bases, and primarily NATO forces, and the further development of its 
armed forces and its readiness to take part in NATO missions and 
contribute to the common security of the alliance?
    The President. Yes, thank you.
    Q. And how do you see the role of Croatia in promoting peace and 
stability in southeastern Europe, especially regarding the present 
situation relating to the establishment of independent Kosovo?
    The President. Kosovo, sure. Whew, it's a long question. First of 
all, just get this off the table: There's no intention to have NATO 
bases, permanent bases. Secondly, Croatia has served as a very good 
example, following a very dramatic moment, and that is the breakup of 
Yugoslavia. And your Government has made difficult decisions and made 
those decisions, first and foremost, on behalf of the people. But it 
turns out, many of the reform decisions, therefore, make it likely that 
Croatia will be invited into NATO.
    Examples are very important. The question is, would people have 
predicted 15 years ago that we'd be having this kind of discussion about 
Croatia? And who knows; I don't think many people would have, certainly, 
25 years ago. And yet Croatia is a independent, sovereign nation, 
hopefully, soon to be invited to join NATO, which is a clear example of 
what is possible if people make the right decisions on behalf of their 
people.
    Part of being a part of NATO means commitment to a modern military. 
And Croatian troops, which have performed bravely in recent active 
theaters during this war against extremism, will benefit from being in 
NATO and benefit from serving side by side with other members of NATO. 
NATO membership would be a very positive thing for the people of 
Croatia.
    And I'm really looking forward to going to your country. I hope I'm 
coming with good news, but the decision will be made in this case before 
I go to Croatia. And they say it's one of the most beautiful coastlines 
in the entire world.
    Q. Yes. Hope you're going to see that.
    The President. Am I going to get to see the coastline? I hope I do.
    Q. I hope, I hope.
    The President. You're not my scheduler, okay.
    Thomas.

Progress in Iraq

    Q. Thank you, Mr. President.
    The President. I do think Great Britain ought to be in NATO, yes. 
[Laughter]
    Q. I think we were last time I checked. [Laughter]
    The President. Yes, you are, and a very good member.

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    Q. Thank you very much. In a different field of operations, in Iraq, 
there's been a recent upsurge again in violence, which appears to have 
emanated in the area of Basra, which Britain used to control. Do you 
believe recent events there serve as a warning to those in your country 
and beyond who have counseled you to withdraw rapidly?
    The President. My first reaction to watching the Iraqi Government 
respond forcefully--and to make it abundantly clear that--I think the 
exact--I can't remember the exact words of the Prime Minister, but ``criminal elements,'' I know, were a part of 
his declaration--would be dealt with. I thought that was a very positive 
moment in the development of a sovereign nation that is willing to take 
on elements that are--you know, that believe they're beyond the law.
    And secondly, we are helping, but it's important to know that the 
Iraqis are in the lead. This is a positive moment in the development of 
a nation that can govern itself and defend itself and sustain itself. We 
will provide oversight and, on occasion, support when asked. This is an 
Iraqi operation.
    And one of the things I'll be saying in the runup to the Petraeus-Crocker 
testimony is that we have made substantial gains, but it's still a 
fragile situation. Therefore, the decision about our troop levels will 
be based upon not politics or not who can scream the loudest, but based 
upon whether or not we can maintain the successes we've had. And I 
understand there's people here who want us to leave regardless of the 
situation, but that's not going to happen so long as I'm the Commander 
in Chief.

British Troop Withdrawal From Iraq

    Q. Did we get out too early?
    The President. No, you didn't. The British commitment was--first of 
all, you were there from day one, and you were there during the very 
heavy fighting. And the British commitment was to move to the airbase 
based upon success. And I'm very grateful for the British friendship and 
alliance and the contributions.
    Alona. What do you think, Alona? So where do you live? Kiev?

Ukraine/Kosovan Independence

    Q. Kiev, yes.
    The President. Yes? So you flew all the way over here just for this 
interview?
    Q. Yes.
    The President. I'm very grateful. Oh, so guess what happened to me. 
I went down to Crawford--that's in Texas--and I went to an event for--to 
honor some of our soldiers' families. And a local doctor--I think it was 
a doctor--came and said, ``Would you mind meeting a group of people from 
Ukraine?'' I said, ``Sure.'' And there we were in Waco, Texas, with, I 
think, maybe 20 or 30 health care specialists from Ukraine that were in 
my home State. And it was sure good to meet them.
    Q. And how important is Ukraine's recognition of Kosovo in the U.S. 
point of view? Do you expect this step from the Ukrainian authorities in 
the nearest future?
    The President. That's going to be up to the Ukranian authorities to 
make the decisions that they deem are necessary. We hope they will 
recognize Kosovo's independence, just like we have. It's supervised 
independence, of course, but we strongly supported that idea from the 
beginning and supported the U.N. plan that would help lead to a 
supervised independence and, at the same time, guarantee the minority 
rights within Kosovo. And we would hope Ukraine would do the same thing.
    Ioana.

U.S. Visa Policy

    Q. Romania is a U.S. ally in Iraq and Afghanistan, but the Romanians 
are not met as allies on the United States territory.
    The President. Aha. [Laughter] You're heading towards the visa 
issue, aren't you?

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    Q. Yes. What Romania should do to enter in waiver visa program? And 
what do you recommend us, bilateral negotiations with the United States 
or negotiations through European Union?
    The President. Yes, thank you. [Laughter] Very tricky question. 
[Laughter] You ready? You better turn that thing up, because I'm going 
to give you a whopper of an answer. [Laughter]
    Q. Give me the news, I hope. [Laughter]
    The President. Yes. Now, first of all, it is hard for me to justify 
to the citizens of Romania that they can serve alongside our troops in 
major theaters in the war against extremists and not be able to have--be 
treated like other members of the EU, as far as visa waiver, and I know 
that. And it's difficult for citizens to understand that.
    But we're still dealing with a--you know, it is--we're adjusting law 
based upon previous practice. And the law needed to change, reflecting 
the modern era, and it did change. Congress did change the capacity 
for--to have a new look at visa waiver. But there are some requirements. 
And my advice is for the Romanian Government to negotiate bilaterally 
with the United States in order to solve this problem.
    There are other countries in your neighborhood that are making good 
progress toward being granted visa waiver. And I would strongly urge 
your leaders to take a look at what they have done and then interface 
with our officials. And I'll, of course, be talking of this with the 
President and the Prime Minister when I'm there.
    Q. Thank you very much.
    The President. Yes.
    Yes, sir.

Croatia-U.S. Relations

    Q. Mr. President, Croatian NATO membership bid and steadfast support 
of your administration for that ambition was a centerpiece of the 
bilateral relations between Croatia and U.S.A. last 7 or 8 years. And 
will it now, if Croatia became a NATO member--and relations will be 
elevated to the higher level of allies--can we expect to see more 
importance will be attached to the economic cooperation, U.S. investment 
in Croatia in the future?
    The President. Yes, our relationships tend not to be--they tend to 
be multidimensional and not just based upon one aspect or another. And I 
believe strongly in free trade and the movement of investment. And 
Croatia occupies a crucial part--a crucial space in an important part of 
the world. And of course, we want to enhance trade.
    A lot of Americans need to learn more about Croatia, although there 
are about a million Croatian Americans here. And there's going to be all 
kinds of opportunities. Of course, those opportunities will be 
advantaged if the Government makes rational decisions on, for example, 
good investment laws. In other words, there's competition for investment 
dollars, in this case, or investment euros, or investment whatevers. And 
therefore, the laws need to be transparent, the rule of law consistent, 
the Government obviously clean, so that the main risk for an invested 
currency is not government risk, it is the risk of the enterprise 
itself.
    And therefore, to answer your question, yes, of course, we want to 
have all kinds of different aspects of our relationship flourish with 
Croatia. But in terms of investing, it's going to be up to the 
Government to make decisions to make sure the investment climate is 
good.
    Q. Thank you.
    The President. Yes.

United Kingdom-U.S. Relations/France-U.S. Relations

    Q. Mr. President?
    The President. Yes, Thomas.
    Q. ----very formal. [Laughter]
    The President. Okay, Tom.
    Q. You mentioned in your preamble that it is important for NATO to 
honor its obligations to Afghanistan. There has been

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some criticism of NATO's performance in Afghanistan from Washington. In 
recent days, Nicolas Sarkozy, your new friend--[laughter]--has promised 
another 1,000 troops for Afghanistan.
    The President. Today.
    Q. Yes. Is there any sense that on that battlefield and indeed, 
beyond, France is now emerging as your greatest ally?
    The President. I have always said that the relationship with the 
United Kingdom is a special relationship. And that relationship was 
never as special as it was during times of conflict, whether it be the 
relationship in the past between, like, Roosevelt and Churchill, or 
whether it be the current relationship, more modern relationship between 
Tony Blair and myself. And so your question, 
``our greatest ally,'' it's going to be hard for any nation to trump 
Great Britain as our--United Kingdom as our greatest ally.
    Having said that, no question, the relationship is changing for the 
better, and President Sarkozy gets a lot of 
credit for that. I like him personally. He's an interesting man. He is a 
highly energetic, decisive person, who is not interested in creating 
divisions between--in the transatlantic alliance, but is interested in 
making sure that not only are bilateral relations are good, but the 
transatlantic alliance meets the threats.
    And his statement about commitment to--French troops to Afghanistan 
is a very important preamble to the NATO conference. It will pretty much 
ensure that this conference is a successful conference, because nations 
will watch very carefully. When you combine our commitment, the Canadian 
commitment, the British commitment, and the French commitment of troops 
that will be in harm's way, it is a strong statement that NATO 
understands the threats, understands the challenges, and is willing to 
rise to them.
    Okay, everybody, it's been a joyous experience. And for you? It's a 
beauty. [Laughter] Okay.

Russia-U.S. Relations

    Q. And about Russia?
    The President. I thought we said two questions apiece.
    Q. In your opinion, what are the prospects for democracy in Russia, 
in Medvedev----
    The President. I haven't met President Medvedev yet. I may have met him once, but I haven't had a talk 
to him, President to President, obviously. He's not even the President 
yet. I'm looking forward to meeting him. I am--have you put out the word 
yet?
    Mr. Hadley. No.
    The President. Are you going to today?
    Mr. Hadley. I am.
    The President. Yes, okay. So I'm going to go to Russia. I've been 
invited to Russia. President Putin has 
invited me to Russia. You're the first to hear it, so you can hustle out 
of here and put it on the wires. This is no longer off the record. 
Steve is going to come and brief it at 
3:30 p.m.--3:15 p.m., President Putin has invited me to go to Sochi. And 
it's to discuss the strategic agreement, the crucial part of which is 
missile defense.
    Condi Rice and Bob Gates had a good visit with the President and counterparts on 
this very issue--and hopefully, that we can advance our dialogue, so at 
some point in time, we can reach an agreement on these important 
matters, proliferation matters. I know we've got agreement on Iran, and 
that is that Iran should not have the capacity to enrich, and that I 
supported the Russian efforts to convince the Iranians that they didn't 
need to learn how to enrich, because he--Putin--was willing to provide 
enriched uranium for a civilian nuclear power plant. Therefore, no need 
to enrich, which I thought was a smart move and supported.
    So there's an area where we'll continue to have discussions. And I 
called President-elect Medvedev and reminded 
him--and congratulated him for getting elected and

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reminded him that--of some of the comments he made about rule law and 
transparency--and can't remember exactly everything he said, but it 
sounded very progressive. And I said, we're listening very carefully to 
your words, and I appreciated your speech and looking forward to working 
with you to help accomplish those objectives.
    But I have yet to work with him, obviously, President to President. 
He hasn't been sworn in. So check back in 
with me after I've had a couple of meetings with him.

President's Visit to Russia/Missile Defense System

    Q. When are you going to Russia?
    The President. Day after Croatia. We haven't worked the details yet.
    Mr. Hadley. We have not worked the 
details yet.
    The President. My crack adviser here 
is giving me--[laughter].
    Mr. Hadley. Clearly, we intend to 
accept. We're going to have to work the details out.
    The President. Yes, we intend to accept. In other words, there's an 
invitation out there, and this is really--the way to look at this is a 
follow-up to Condi and Bob Gates's meeting, which is good. Romania and other nations 
would hope that the United States would have good relations with Russia. 
And it's important that we have good relations with Russia; we can find 
common interests.
    On the other hand, there are areas where we have been able to be in 
a position where I've expressed my disagreements with President 
Putin on different matters related to their 
democracy. And my strategy all along is to keep relations such that he 
will actually listen to what I have to say. So when you hear people say, 
``George Bush has got good relations with Vladimir Putin,'' there's a 
reason why. Because if you're--in order to have somebody listen to you, 
they got to at least have an open mind. And it's hard to have an open 
mind if the only thing you're doing is try to blast away on a regular 
basis about your disagreements publicly. I've chosen not to do that.
    Therefore, I'm optimistic we can reach accord on very important 
matters. I think a lot of people in Europe would have a deep sigh of 
relief if we're able to reach an accord on missile defense. And 
hopefully, we can. One of the things that, hopefully, is clear to the 
Russian side is that this system is not aimed at Russia. After all, it 
doesn't take many missiles to overwhelm the kind of system we're talking 
about. And Russia has got plenty of missiles if they want to overwhelm. 
This is really aimed at a potential missile launch, for example, out of 
the Middle East. And therefore, I think it makes sense for us to be able 
to be in a position, if people so choose to share information and fully 
understand the operational activities of a system, so as to build 
confidence.
    So we'll see how it goes. I'm looking forward to it.

Russia's Leadership

    Q. Do you think President Putin continues to pull the strings?
    The President. You know, I just don't know. It's an interesting 
question. That's speculative.
    Q. It's what we do for a living. [Laughter]
    The President. Not me. [Laughter]
    Thank you all. Enjoyed it.

Note: The interview was taped at 1:53 p.m. in the Roosevelt Room at the 
White House and was released by the Office of the Press Secretary on 
March 27. In his remarks, the President referred to Prime Minister Nuri 
al-Maliki of Iraq; Gen. David H. Petraeus, USA, commanding general, 
Multi-National Force--Iraq; President Traian Basescu and Prime Minister 
Calin Popescu-Tariceanu of Romania; former Prime Minister Tony Blair

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of the United Kingdom; and President Nicolas Sarkozy of France. A tape 
was not available for verification of the content of this interview.