[Public Papers of the Presidents of the United States: George W. Bush (2008, Book I)]
[March 5, 2008]
[Pages 317-324]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office www.gpo.gov]



Remarks at the Washington International Renewable Energy Conference
March 5, 2008

    Thank you all. Thank you for the warm welcome. Thanks for coming. 
It's my honor to be here. I'm proud to address the Washington 
International Renewable Energy Conference. Thankfully, you only left it 
for five words. [Laughter.] I appreciate your commitment to renewable 
energy. I probably didn't help today when I rode over in a 20-car 
motorcade. [Laughter.]
    I appreciate the fact that--I hope you understand that you're 
pioneers on the frontiers of change; that I fully suspect that this 
conference will seem unbelievably outdated within a decade; that people 
will marvel about how far technology has helped change our habits and 
change the world. And I hope you take great pride in being a part of 
this constructive change. And so thanks for coming to America. We 
welcome you here.
    To my fellow citizens, thanks for being entrepreneurs and forward 
thinkers. To members of my administration, like Sam Bodman, who just introduced me, or Ed Schafer, the head of the Agriculture Department, or Steve 
Johnson, EPA, thank you all for serving 
our country. Thanks for your kind words, Sam. I appreciate all the 
others who are here from my administration.
    Mike Eckhart is the president of the 
American Council on Renewable Energy. He and I went to Harvard together. 
I don't know if he is--has had to spend time overcoming that, but I 
certainly have and--[laughter]--particularly in Texas politics. But it's 
good to be with my friend Mike. I can assure you that when we were at 
Harvard Business School together, he never envisioned that we would be 
in our respective positions, like we are today. As a matter of fact, I 
know in 1975, he never even thought about the word ``renewable fuel,'' 
much less ``President George W. Bush.''
    I welcome the Ambassadors who are here. I welcome--listen, let me 
start first by telling you that America has got to change its habits. 
We've got to get off oil. And the reason why is, first, oil is--
dependency on oil presents a real challenge to our economy. As economies 
grow--and we want all our economies to grow; we want people to be 
prosperous. We want people who are living in poverty to be able to grow 
out of poverty. We want there to be general prosperity. But as economies 
grow, until we change our habits, there is going to be more dependency 
on oil.
    My job, as the President of the country, is to put progrowth 
policies in place. But we're dependent upon oil, and so as our economy 
grows, it's going to create more demand for oil--same with China, same 
with India, same with other growing countries. And it should be obvious 
to you all that the demand is outstripping supply, which causes prices 
to go up. And it's making it harder here in America for working families 
to save and for farmers to be prosperous and for small businesses to 
grow.
    The dependency upon oil also puts us at the mercy of terrorists. If 
there's tight supply and demand, all it requires is one terrorist 
disruption of oil and that price goes even higher. It's in our interests 
to end our dependency on oil because it--that dependency presents a 
challenge to our national security. In 1985, 20 percent of America's oil 
came from abroad. Today, that number is nearly 60 percent.
    Now, all the countries we import from are friendly, stable 
countries, but some countries we get oil from don't particularly like 
us. They don't like the form of government that we embrace. They don't 
believe in the same freedoms we believe in. And that's a problem from a 
national security perspective for the United States and any

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other nation that values its economic sovereignty and national 
sovereignty.
    And finally, our dependence on fossil fuels like oil presents a 
challenge to our environment. When we burn fossil fuels, we release 
greenhouse gases. The concentration of greenhouse gases has increased 
substantially.
    We recognize all three of these challenges, and we're doing 
something about it. I've come today to tell you that America is the kind 
of country that when they see a problem, we address it head on. I've set 
a great goal for our country, and that is to reduce our dependence on 
oil by investing in technologies that will produce abundant supplies of 
clean and renewable energy and, at the same time, show the world that 
we're good stewards of the environment.
    Now, look, I understand stereotypes are hard to defeat. People get 
an image planted in their head, and sometimes it causes them not to 
listen to the facts. But America is in the lead when it comes to energy 
independence, we're in the lead when it comes to new technologies, we're 
in the lead when it comes to global climate change, and we'll stay that 
way.
    Overall, over the past 7 years, or since I've been the President, 
the Federal Government spent more than $12 billion to research, develop, 
and promote alternative energy sources. Our private sector is investing 
a lot of money, and I fully understand there needs to be consistent 
policy out of the U.S. Government that has thus far provided incentives 
to invest. What the Government doesn't need to do is send mixed signals. 
I understand private capital, understand how it flows. And so when 
people look at the United States to determine whether we're committed to 
new technologies that will change how we live, they not only need to 
look at the Federal investment, but they've got to understand, there's a 
lot of smart money heading into the private sector to help develop these 
new technologies.
    Our strategy is twofold: One, we're going to change the way we drive 
our cars; and two, we'll change the way we power our businesses and 
homes. In other words, the two most vulnerable areas to economic 
disruption happens to be automobile use and electric power. The two 
biggest opportunities to help change the environment is through how we 
drive our cars and how we power our country. So first, let me talk about 
automobiles.
    I laid out a goal for the United States to reduce gasoline 
consumption by 20 percent over the next 10 years; that's called 20-10. 
Now, by the way, that's in the face of a growing economy, to reduce 
gasoline usage by 20 percent over 10 years.
    And we'll work with Congress. For those of you who watch the 
American legislative process, you think it's probably impossible for the 
American President to work with Congress these days. Well, it's not 
true. I was able to sign a good piece of legislation called the Energy 
Independence and Security Act of 2007. This legislation specifies a 
national mandatory fuel economy standard of 35 miles per gallon by 2020, 
which will save billions of gallons of gasoline.
    Secondly, the legislation requires fuel producers to supply at least 
36 billion gallons of renewable fuel in the year 2022. In other words, 
these just aren't goals; these are mandatory requirements. I'm confident 
the United States can meet those goals, and I know we must for the sake 
of economic security, national security, and for the sake of being good 
stewards of the environment.
    Biodiesel is the most promising of these fuels. Biodiesel refineries 
can produce fuel from soybeans and vegetable oils and recycled cooking 
grease, from waste materials. All you out there with waste, you may be 
in business before you know it as this new technology kicks in. Most 
Americans--or more Americans are beginning to realize the benefits of 
biodiesel every year.

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    Last year, we produced 450 million gallons of biodiesel. That's up 
80 percent from 2006. Today, there are more than 650 biodiesel fueling 
stations in America. There are hundreds of fleet operators that use 
biodiesel to fuel their trucks, and that's just the beginning of what is 
going to be a substantial change in our driving habits.
    And then there's ethanol. In the 2000 campaign, I strongly supported 
ethanol. In 2008, it's amazing to think about how far our country has 
come since the year 2000. Ethanol production has quadrupled from 1.6 
billion gallons in 2000 to a little over 6.4 billion gallons in 2007.
    And the vast majority of that ethanol is coming from corn, and 
that's good. That's good if you're a corn grower. And it's good if 
you're worried about national security. I'd rather have our corn farmers 
growing energy than relying upon some nation overseas that may not like 
us. That's how I view it.
    In 2005, the United States became the world's leading ethanol 
producer. Last year, we accounted for nearly half of the worldwide 
ethanol production. I don't know if our fellow citizens understand that, 
but there is a substantial change taking place, primarily in the Midwest 
of our country.
    Corn ethanol holds a lot of promise, but there's a lot of 
challenges. If you're a hog raiser in the United States, you're 
beginning to worry about the cost of corn to feed your animals. I'm 
beginning to hear complaints from our cattlemen about the high price of 
corn. The high price of corn is beginning to affect the price of food.
    And so we got to do something about it. And the best thing to do is 
not to retreat from our commitment to alternative fuels but to spend 
research and development money on alternatives to ethanol made from 
other materials. For example, cellulosic ethanol holds a lot of promise. 
I'm sure there are people in the industry here that will tell you how 
far the industry has come in a very quick period of time.
    I look forward to the day when Texas ranchers can grow switchgrass 
on their country and then have that switchgrass be converted to fuel. I 
look forward to the day when people in the parts of our country that 
have got a lot of forests are able to convert wood chips into fuel. And 
those days are coming.
    The Department of Energy had dedicated nearly $1 billion to develop 
technologies that can make cellulosic ethanol cost competitive. And the 
interesting thing that's happened in a relatively quick period of time 
is that the projected cost of cellulosic ethanol has dropped by more 
than 60 percent. In other words, new technologies are coming. The job of 
the Federal Government is to expedite their arrival.
    Expanding the use in ethanol and biodiesel requires getting more 
cars on the road that use these alternative fuels. Now, we expect the 
private sector to respond. Our consumers are going to demand flex-fuel 
vehicles when they find out that these new technologies are available. 
As a matter of fact, there's 5 million flex-fuel vehicles on our roads 
now. I just saw some new ones here. Amazing joint venture with Mack and 
Volvo on these giant trucks that are using biodiesel to power them. I 
said, can you make it more than a couple of miles? The man said, ``Not 
only we can make it more than a couple of miles, we can accelerate out 
of danger if we need to.''
    Technology is changing. Five years ago, those trucks would not have 
been available for people at this exhibit to look at. Today, they're on 
the road. As a matter of fact, the United States Air Force is using 
these kinds of trucks. Things are changing.
    Another way to reduce our dependence on oil is promote hybrid 
vehicles. We're providing tax incentives to people to buy these fuel-
efficient vehicles. In other words, the Government is saying, if you buy 
one, we'll give you a little incentive to do so. I've supported those 
policies. I think it

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makes sense to create a consumerism for these kinds of vehicles.
    When I was first elected, there were virtually no hybrids on the 
roads. Today, there is nearly a million. We're also investing in plug-in 
hybrids. We want our city people driving not on gasoline but on 
electricity. And the goal, the short-term goal is to have vehicles that 
are capable of driving the first 40 miles on electricity--vehicles that 
don't look like a golf cart, by the way--vehicles that meet consumer 
demand. And that day is coming. The battery technologies are amazing, 
and the United States is investing millions of dollars to hasten the 
day. The battery technology is more efficient and competitive.
    This administration is a strong supporter of hydrogen. We spent 
about $1.2 billion in research and development to bring vehicles running 
on hydrogen to the market. A lot of people don't even know what I'm 
talking about when I'm talking about hydrogen. But the waste product of 
a hydrogen-powered vehicle is pure and clean water.
    This is an amazing opportunity for us. Now, this will be a long-term 
opportunity compared to ethanol and biodiesel and plug-in hybrids. But 
it makes sense to invest now and work on the technology so that when it 
comes--becomes cost competitive, it's available. We're also working for 
the day when, you know, these new fuels power not only automobiles and 
trucks but airplanes.
    In December, the United States Air Force flew a C-17--that's a huge 
airplane--from Washington State to New Jersey. For those of you who 
don't live in America, that is a long way. And they did so on a blend of 
regular and synthetic fuels. I was interested to see that Virgin 
Atlantic flew a 747 from London's Heathrow Airport to Amsterdam fueled 
partly by coconuts and Brazilian babassu nuts. I've never seen a babassu 
nut, but it's amazing that it helped power an airplane the size of a 
747. [Laughter]
    What I've just described to you is the beginning of a new era. And 
oh, it's probably hard to equate it to the Model T, but maybe we're not 
that far off. And the United States believes it's in our interests to 
promote this new era.
    Secondly, we've got to reduce our dependence on oil and fossil fuels 
and replace them with alternative energy sources to power our homes and 
our workplaces. Look, you can't have a vibrant economy unless you've got 
reliable electricity. For those of you in the developing world, you know 
what I'm talking about. As a matter of fact, the issue is not reliable 
electricity; the issue is getting electricity to people in the first 
place. Well, here in the United States, we've overcome those issues. And 
now we've got to make sure that we have enough of it that enables us to 
continue to grow. And the truth of the matter is, you've got to be--have 
a growing economy to be able to afford these technologies in the first 
place. So here are some ways that we're dealing with the issue of 
electricity.
    One, I strongly believe the United States must promote nuclear power 
here in the United States. Nuclear power--[applause]--if you're 
interested in economic growth and environmental stewardship, there's no 
better way to achieve both of them than through the promotion of nuclear 
power. Nuclear power is limitless. It's one existing source that 
generates a massive amount of electricity without causing any air 
pollution or any greenhouse gases.
    And yet the United States, we haven't built any nuclear power plants 
in a long time. What a promising technology available, and yet we're 
stuck, until recently. All of our citizens probably don't understand, 
but France, our ally and friend, gets nearly 80 percent of its power 
from nuclear power. Isn't that an amazing statistic? It's time for 
America to change.
    My administration is working to eliminate the barriers to 
development of nuclear power plants. Last year, we invested more

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than $300 million in nuclear energy technologies. We want our people to 
understand that this generation of nuclear power plants is safe. We want 
people to feel comfortable about the expansion of nuclear power.
    There's regulatory uncertainty when it comes to permitting plants in 
the United States. You can't expect somebody to invest a lot of money 
and have the regulatory process at the very end stop that capital from 
being deployed. It makes no sense. Just like tax policy has to be 
certain, so does regulatory policy have to create a sense of certainty 
in order to get people to invest.
    So in the energy bill I signed in 2005, we began to address that 
uncertainty with Federal risk insurance for those who build nuclear 
power plants. This insurance protects the builders of the first six new 
plants against lawsuits--we got a lot of them in America, by the way, 
too many lawsuits, in my judgment--against bureaucratic obstacles and 
against delays beyond the--that would cause people to hesitate to 
participate in this program.
    We've also launched a program called Nuclear Power 2010. Sam 
Bodman is in charge of all these. It's a 
partnership between our industry and the U.S. Government. Since we've 
started these programs, we've received six applications to build and 
operate new nuclear power plants in the United States. The paradigm is 
beginning to shift. And we anticipate that another 13 applications will 
be submitted this year.
    Many of the construction projects will be supported by $18.5 billion 
in loan guarantees provided by the Government. By the way, that's part 
of a loan guarantee product--projects that we got out of Congress--18 
billion for the nukes, 10 billion for renewable energy expansions in the 
United States. This will enable our plant owners, guys that are applying 
for loans--[laughter]--the whole purpose is, is we want to expand our 
nuclear power industry. And we're taking specific actions to do it.
    You know, there's a lot of politicians who just talk. I hope when 
history is written of this administration, we not only talked; we 
actually did positive things and constructive things.
    We're also working with our friends overseas for the Global Nuclear 
Energy Partnership. I believe developing nations ought to be encouraged 
to use nuclear power. I believe it's in our interests. I believe it will 
help take pressure off the price of oil. And I know it's going to help 
protect the environment. And so we're working with other nations, like 
Japan and France and Great Britain and Russia and China, to form this 
energy partnership, the purpose of which is to help developing nations 
secure cost-effective and proliferation-resistant nuclear power and, at 
the same time, to conduct joint research on how to deal with the nuclear 
waste issue through positive, productive reprocessing.
    And so the United States of America has got a strategy to help 
change our electricity mix here at home. And part of that strategy is on 
nuclear power. Another part of that strategy is based upon wind power. 
Now, since 2001, America has increased wind energy production by more 
than 300 percent. This is a new industry for us, and it's beginning to 
grow. More than 20 percent of new electrical generating capacity added 
in America came from wind last year. I met some of the wind boys. 
They're excited about the opportunities in the U.S. market, and they 
should be because this new technology is taking hold. Last year, America 
installed more wind power capacity than any other country in the world.
    I don't know if you know this or not: When I was the Governor of 
Texas, I signed a electric deregulation bill that encouraged and 
mandated the use of renewable energy. Today, Texas is--produces more 
wind energy than any other State in the Union. If an oil State can 
produce wind energy, other States in America can produce wind energy. I 
remember when I signed the bill, I said, ``There's a new

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day coming for wind.'' And they said, ``Well, you're leaving the State, 
and a lot of hot air is going with it.'' [Laughter]
    In addition to wind power, we have spent, since I've been the 
President, $1 billion on harnessing the power of the Sun. The solar 
technology folks who are here will tell you there's some amazing changes 
have taken place in a quick period of time. I mean, I really see a day 
in which each house can be a little electric generator of their own and 
feeding back excess power into the grid through the use of solar power.
    I told you that we're--and by the way, last year, U.S. solar 
installations grew by more than 32 percent in the U.S. In other words, I 
hope you're excited by these statistics. I certainly am. But these are 
just the beginning. Before I came over here, I really did sit around the 
Oval Office trying to figure out what a President will be saying 10 
years from now. If you really think about what would have been said in 
2000 compared to today, imagine what's going to be said 10 years from 
now compared to today.
    I will repeat something I've been saying a lot here in America: The 
United States is serious about confronting climate change. And the 
strategies I just laid out for you are an integral part of dealing with 
climate change. Should there be an international agreement? Yes, there 
should be, and we support it. But I would remind you, an agreement will 
be effective, and that's what we want; we want an effective agreement. I 
think we ought to be results-oriented people, not process people. It's 
one thing to have a nice conference, but out of those conferences, we 
should expect results. We want a strategy that works, not sounds good.
    And so in order for there to be effective international agreements, 
it must include--these agreements must include commitments--solid 
commitments--by every major economy, and no country should get a free 
ride.
    And meeting this goal is going to take some tough choices. I've got 
a good man named Dan Price on my staff who 
is leading the U.S. efforts on the major economies conferences that 
we're hosting. That's, by the way, running parallel to the U.N. process. 
This is not in lieu of the U.N. process; it is to enable the U.N. 
process to become effective.
    The first step is to get the major economies to agree to a goal. If 
you want commitment, if you want all folks at the table, the first step 
has got to be to say, we've got a problem, and here's a goal. I believe 
in setting clear goals, goals that are easy to understand.
    And then it's up to us, each nation, to develop a strategy to help 
meet those goals. We've got different economies. We've got different 
electricity mixes. What I've just described to you is a strategy to deal 
with energy in--dependence as well as climate change. It'll be different 
from country to country. We've got a different energy mix than a lot of 
nations do.
    And we expect countries that sign up to that goal to develop a 
strategy to meet that goal. And the United States will do the same 
thing, see. We're not going to say, okay, you set the goal, and you meet 
it, but we're not going to join. Once we join, we join. And so you're 
watching a process unfold to make sure that we have an effective 
international agreement.
    And I fully understand--and by the way, I want to repeat what I said 
before: An effective agreement is one that recognizes that economies got 
to grow in order to be able to afford investment in the first place, 
that you must have economic wealth in order to be able to afford the 
research and development.
    This is an issue that requires substantial commitments of money. And 
it's hard to commit money if you don't have any, and it's hard to commit 
money if your economies are hurting. So we ought to make sure we grow 
our economies and, at the same time, have the money necessary to

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invest. And I fully understand some nations are incapable of affording 
these new technologies.
    And here's what we intend to do about it. There ought to be an 
international fund, a clean technology fund from the wealthy nations to 
help poorer nations clean up their environments. I call on our Congress 
to commit $2 billion to the fund. And in my travels here in my last year 
of the Presidency, I'm going to call on other wealthy nations to 
contribute to this fund.
    I want any agreement to be effective. I don't want us just to feel 
good. I want to be able to say, when it's all said and done, we've done 
something that's actually going to solve the problem. And if people are 
truly interested in solving the problem, if you're interested in 
expanding alternative energy, then we need to come together to eliminate 
tariffs and other trade barriers to enable clean technologies to move 
duty free around the world.
    There's too many impediments. There's too much protectionism. I 
mean, if you're truly interested in solving global climate change, then 
you should insist to your leaders to join the United States and other 
countries to make it easier to move these products, to eliminate all 
barriers to trade and technologies that will enable us to be better 
stewards of the environment.
    So here's the strategy to deal with climate change and energy 
dependence. The United States not only is pursuing this strategy on an 
international basis, we're also have got bilateral partnerships. With 
Brazil, for example, we signed a biofuels compact. We signed agreements 
with China to expand cooperation on biomass and to improve energy 
efficiencies for vehicles and industrial production. We're working with 
Sweden--the Deputy Prime Minister is here, and I'm honored you are 
here--on a very constructive relationship. There's a U.S. company 
working with United Kingdom's Wave Hub to harness the power of the seas.
    This is an ambitious vision I've just described to you. And 
obviously, you support something ambitious being done; otherwise, you 
wouldn't be here at this conference. I hope you're excited when you see 
the exhibits. Just keep in mind how far we have come in a short period 
of time, and be hopeful about how far we will go in a short period of 
time.
    There was an article in the New York Sun not long after Alexander 
Bell's famous phone call, his first phone call to a fellow named Thomas 
Watson. I would like to read to you from that article: ``It is to be 
doubted if the telephone will be used otherwise than locally. It's too 
sensitive for circuits exceeding a few miles in length.'' Imagine if 
that author of that article were alive today. I suspect he would have 
been sorry he used the words ``it should be doubted.'' After all, he'd 
see a world where crystal-clear telephone calls are placed over circuits 
that stretch not miles, but across the globe. He would see a wireless 
infrastructure developing around the world.
    Same thing is going to happen when it comes to energy. Oh, I know 
there's doubters, but I'm confident that when we look back at this 
period of time, they will say, how could you have doubted the capacity 
of mankind to develop the technologies necessary to deal with the real 
problems of the 21st century?
    Leave with one thing in mind: The United States is committed, and 
we're firm in our commitments to deal with energy problems and to deal 
with global climate change. And it's been my honor to be with you today.
    May God bless you.

Note: The President spoke at 10:13 a.m. at the Washington Convention 
Center. In his remarks, he referred to Deputy Prime Minister Maud 
Olofsson of Sweden. The Office of the Press Secretary also released a 
Spanish language transcript of these remarks.

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