    [Public Papers of the Presidents of the United States: George W. Bush (2007, Book I)]
    [January 17, 2007]
    [Pages 35-38]
    [From the U.S. Government Publishing Office www.gpo.gov]

    Remarks in a Discussion on Advances in Cancer Prevention in Bethesda,
    Maryland
    January 17, 2007

        The President. Thanks, Michael. I
    appreciate you joining us. I love coming to the NIH; it is an amazing
    place. It is an amazing place because it is full of decent, caring,
    smart people, all aiming to save lives. And I truly believe the NIH is
    one of America's greatest assets, and it needs to be nourished.
        And I'm real pleased to be working with Elias and the good folks who work here to make sure that there's
    ample resources to fund these incredible projects that are taking place.
    And we'll talk about some of them today. The purpose of the meeting is
    to let the American people understand what kind of work takes place here
    and some of the practical applications of the discoveries that are being
    made. Obviously, we're all very concerned about cancer. And,
    John, thank you for joining us.
        First, I'm pleased that we're funding cancer research. We're up
    about 25 or 26 percent since 2001. It's a commitment that I made when I
    first came to Washington; it's a commitment we're keeping. And the
    reason why it makes sense to spend taxpayers' money on cancer research
    is that we can make some good progress, and have. Interestingly enough,
    this is the second consecutive year there was a drop in

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    the number of cancer deaths in the United States, and the drop this year
    was the steepest ever recorded. And the reason I bring that statistic up
    is that progress is being made. In other words, there are tangible
    results as a result of the research that takes place around the country,
    and a lot of it focused here at the NIH.
        I had a fantastic experience today with some smart docs talking
    about how they can use genetic research, which Francis will talk about, to create cures for a lot of diseases. We
    particularly focused on kidney cancer today. And I strongly believe that
    it makes sense for us to progress and take advantage of the research
    that the Human Genome Project has yielded.
        However, I really want to make it clear to the Congress that I hope
    they pass legislation that makes genetic discrimination illegal. In
    other words, if a person is willing to share his or her genetic
    information, it is important that that information not be exploited in
    improper ways. And Congress can pass good legislation to prevent that
    from happening. In other words, we want medical research to go forward
    without an individual fearing of personal discrimination.
        Finally, I'm real pleased about the announcement made earlier on the
    HPV virus--vaccine. I don't know if our citizens know, but 70 percent of
    all cervical cancer comes from HPV virus. And as a result of good work
    here, and other places, a vaccine has been developed that the Government
    will dispense to those who qualify, all aiming to continue to build on
    the progress being made in dealing with cancer.
        And so I'm very pleased with the job your folks are doing here, and
    I'm so grateful for you all to join us. I'm looking forward to hearing
    what you have to say. You'll be happy to hear my long-windedness is
    about to end. [Laughter] But thanks for coming.
        Michael.
        Secretary of Health and Human Services Michael O. Leavitt. Doctor, we need to get some background on what's
    happening here at NIH.

    [At this point, Elias A. Zerhouni, Director, National Institutes of
    Health, made brief remarks.]

        The President. That's good. I wish that people could walk the halls
    here at the NIH and meet the scientists and employees of this fantastic
    organization. It is amazing. You talk about young and smart and bright
    and excited--with all due respect, docs--[laughter]--you've got a lot of
    really bright people here, which is another subject for another time.
    But we better make sure we get the right education working to make sure
    that our scientists are given the tools and encourage young kids to
    become scientists in the first place, so that these halls remain full of
    people. Because as Doc said, he said, ``If
    we're not doing it, somebody is going to,'' and we want it done here in
    America. We want--I mean, we want to welcome scientists here too.
        And the other thing that struck me was that people from around the
    country--the globe that are here working. So, anyway, you're doing a
    good job. We're spending about $28.6 billion here at the NIH, which was
    doubled from 15 years ago--I think it was, or something like that
    anyway.
        Thank you. Michael.
        Secretary Leavitt. John, why don't
    you talk a little bit about, particularly about the Cancer Genome Atlas.
    I think that's a fascinating development as it relates to HPV and other
    things that are happening in cancer.
        The President. Yes, John, first,
    before you do it--if you don't mind--National Cancer Institute. Tell
    people what it is, how it works, if you don't mind.
        John E. Niederhuber. The National
    Cancer Institute, Mr. President, was one of the first institutes founded
    on the NIH campus specifically directed at a disease, celebrating its
    75th anniversary. It's an institute that has tremendous breadth, and I
    often like

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    to tell my friend the Secretary and his colleagues that while we study
    cancer, cancer really is a model, a disease model that has impacted
    almost every other disease in one way or another. The things that we
    have learned by studying this model--our ability to track the best
    scientists to work on cancer--I think has had tremendous impacts across
    the breadth of disease. So we're very proud.
        The President. And you've been working with cancer for how long?
        Dr. Niederhuber. Do I have to tell?
    [Laughter]
        The President. Your hair looks--[laughter].
        Dr. Niederhuber. Well, I've been in
    the business over 30 years.
        The President.  Have you? Fantastic!

    [Dr. Niederhuber, Director, National Cancer Institute, made brief
    remarks, concluding as follows.]

        Dr. Niederhuber. It's a very
    exciting time in my long career, which you were kind enough to point out
    to me, sir. [Laughter]
        The President. Well, I wanted the taxpayers to understand, the
    citizens to understand we've got a man
    of expertise here--[laughter]--setting you up for success.
        Dr. Niederhuber. I've never
    experienced a time when science has been so exciting and been moving at
    such a rapid pace. This is just an unbelievable opportunity. I'm very
    honored to be here.
        The President. Thanks for serving.
        Dr. Niederhuber. I'm honored to be
    here, sir.
        The President. A man who went
    through all the initials. [Laughter]
        Secretary Leavitt. Elias mentioned
    the fact that the whole goal here is to become far more personalized. I
    want Francis to talk for a moment, but as I pass it to him, I want to
    relate a story that I think ties this together.
        About 5 years ago, I participated in a conversation with a man in a
    small group, and they were talking about the potential for genetics. And
    he wasn't a scientist; he wasn't a doctor. But he listened to it, and he
    said: ``There's something to this genetics business.'' He said: ``I'm 70
    years old. Last month, I was diagnosed with macular degeneration. When
    my father was 70 years old, he was diagnosed with macular degeneration--
    when my grandfather was 70 years old.'' He said: ``If there's anything I
    can do so that my grandson doesn't have to go through what I am and my
    father and my grandfather have, I want to do it.''
        This genetic discrimination legislation you talked about is so
    important to this--moving this forward, because it means that if people
    like that step up and help and make information about them and their
    health history available, not only will it benefit them, but it will
    benefit generations in the future. And it would be an unfortunate thing
    if anyone were then to be discriminated because of their willingness to
    contribute to science that way. Dr. Collins has been heroic in his
    advocacy, not just for this legislation but also the genetic HapMap. And
    I'd like----
        The President. The genetic what? [Laughter]
        Secretary Leavitt. He'll explain that
    to you later.

    [Francis S. Collins, Director, National Human Genome Research Institute,
    made brief remarks.]

        The President. Well, thank you for being on the leading edge of
    change for the good of mankind.
        Secretary Leavitt. Becky, you've been
    through this in a very personal way. I think the President would be--we
    all would be interested----
        The President. Where are you from?
        Rebecca Fisher. I'm from Oakton,
    Virginia. I drove here----
        The President. Which is?
        Ms. Fisher. Outside of Vienna.
    Last stop on the Orange Line. [Laughter]

    [Ms. Fisher, librarian, Center for the Study of Intelligence, made brief
    remarks.]

    [[Page 38]]

        Secretary Leavitt. That's compelling.
        The President. Yes, that's strong. Thank you.
        Secretary Leavitt. Not every cancer
    is one that we can identify at hereditary. And, John, you might want to
    talk a little bit about the cancers that are not hereditary and what
    we're doing to make progress on those as well.

    [Dr. Niederhuber made further remarks, concluding as follows.]

        Dr. Niederhuber. And that gives me
    an opportunity, if I might, Mr. Secretary, to introduce our other guest
    today, Dr. Grace Butler. I'm going to say a few words about Grace, Mr.
    President, because she is a big helper to the NCI. She's a----
        The President. She's also a Texan.
        Dr. Niederhuber. Also a Texan,
    you're right. She's professor emeritus at the University of Houston.
    She's had over 30 years of teaching and administrative experience in
    higher education. More importantly, for today's session, Grace is a
    stage-three colorectal cancer survivor. And as a result of that
    experience--much like Becky has committed much of her post-education
    years to working with us to fight this disease and--she's founded a
    nonprofit organization called Hope Through Grace.
        Grace, I think you have some comments you'd like to make today.
        Grace L. Butler. I do. Thank you, John.
    I thank you so much, Mr. President----
        The President. Thank you, Doctor.

    [Ms. Butler, president and founder, Hope Through Grace, Inc., made brief
    remarks, concluding as follows.]

        Ms. Butler. And I thank you, Mr.
    President, for your presence, for your listening, and for your
    understanding and your empathy.
        The President. Thank you for answering a call.
        Michael.
        Secretary Leavitt. Mr. President, I
    think we could summarize today by saying that the future of medicine is
    personalized to prevent and to preempt. We've heard today about progress
    that's being made, the elimination of discrimination--of genetic
    discrimination. There's a very important--it's a vital step in reaching
    that vision. We've seen good examples of the progress, and we thank you
    for the time you've taken. You may wish to sum up.
        The President. Well, thanks for coming. I'm excited, and I
    appreciate the work being done here in Washington, the work being done
    at the grassroots level. I thank you for your articulate presentation,
    both of you all. And this Government needs to support what's happening
    in order to save lives, and we will.
        Thanks.

    Note: The President spoke at 11:11 a.m. at the National Institutes of
    Health.