[Public Papers of the Presidents of the United States: George W. Bush (2006, Book II)]
[October 11, 2006]
[Pages 1814-1829]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office www.gpo.gov]



The President's News Conference
October 11, 2006

    The President. Thank you. Before I take your questions, I'd like to 
discuss a couple subjects. First, I want to briefly mention that today 
we've released the actual budget numbers for the fiscal year that ended 
on September the 30th. These numbers show that we have now achieved our 
goal of cutting the Federal budget deficit in half, and we've done it 3 
years ahead of schedule. The budget numbers are proof that progrowth 
economic policies work. By restraining spending in Washington and 
allowing Americans to keep more of what they earn, the economy is 
creating jobs and reducing the deficit and making our Nation a more 
prosperous nation for all our citizens.
    I'm going to talk about the progrowth economic policies that helped 
bring about the dramatic reduction in the deficit, this afternoon, and 
I'm going to remind our fellow citizens that good tax policy has a lot 
to do with keeping the economy strong, and therefore, we'll continue to 
urge the Congress to make the tax cuts permanent.
    I also want to talk about the unfolding situation in North Korea. 
Earlier this week, the Government of North Korea proclaimed to the world 
that it had conducted a successful nuclear test. The United States is 
working to confirm North Korea's claim, but this claim itself 
constitutes a threat to international peace and stability.
    In response to North Korea's actions, we're working with our 
partners in the region and the United Nations Security Council to ensure 
there are serious repercussions for the regime in Pyongyang. I've spoken 
with other world leaders, including Japan, 
China, South Korea, and 
Russia. We all agree that there must be a 
strong Security Council resolution that will require North Korea to 
abide by its international commitments to dismantle its nuclear 
programs. This resolution should also specify a series of measures to 
prevent North Korea from exporting nuclear or missile technologies and 
prevent financial transactions or asset transfers that would help North 
Korea develop its nuclear and missile capabilities.
    Last year, North Korea agreed to a path to a better future for its 
people in the six-party talks, September of last year. We had an 
agreement with North Korea. It came about in the form of what we call 
the six-party joint statement. It offered the prospect for normalized 
relations with both Japan and the United States. It talked about 
economic cooperation in energy, trade, and investment. In that joint 
statement, North Korea committed to abandoning all nuclear weapons and 
existing nuclear programs and to adhering to the Treaty on 
Nonproliferation of Nuclear Weapons and to IAEA safeguards. They agreed.
    The United States affirmed that we have no nuclear weapons on the 
Korean Peninsula. We affirmed that we have no intention of attacking 
North Korea. With its actions this week, North Korea has once again 
chosen to reject the prospect for a better future offered by the six-
party joint statement. Instead, it has opted to raise tensions in the 
region.
    I'm pleased that the nations in the region are making clear to North 
Korea what is at stake. I thank China, South Korea, Japan, and Russia 
for their strong statements of condemnation of North Korea's actions. 
Peace on the Korean Peninsula requires that these nations send a clear 
message to Pyongyang that its actions will not be tolerated, and I 
appreciate their leadership.
    The United States remains committed to diplomacy. The United States 
also reserves all options to defend our friends and our interests in the 
region against the threats from North Korea. So, in response to North 
Korea's provocation, we'll increase defense

[[Page 1815]]

cooperation with our allies, including cooperation on ballistic missile 
defense to protect against North Korean aggression and cooperation to 
prevent North Korea from exporting nuclear and missile technologies.
    Our goals remain clear: peace and security in Northeast Asia and a 
nuclear-free Korean Peninsula. We will take the necessary actions to 
achieve these goals. We will work with the United Nations. We'll support 
our allies in the region. And together we will ensure that North Korea 
understands the consequences if it continues down its current path.
    I'd like to discuss the latest developments in Iraq. This morning I 
just had a meeting with Secretary Rumsfeld and General George Casey, 
who is in town today. General Casey, as you know, is the top commander 
on the ground in Iraq. The brutality of Iraq's enemies has been on full 
display in recent days. Earlier this week, Deputy President Tariq al-
Hashimi lost his brother, Major General 
Hashimi, when gunmen dressed in police 
uniforms broke into his house and shot him in the head. Only a few 
months ago, his sister and other brother were assassinated. On behalf of 
the United States, I express my heartfelt condolences to the al-Hashimi 
family. And we express our condolences to all those who've suffered at 
the hands of these brutal killers.
    The situation is difficult in Iraq, no question about it. The 
violence is being caused by a combination of terrorists, elements of 
former regime criminals, and sectarian militias. Attacks and casualties 
have risen during the Ramadan period. A rise in violence has occurred 
every Ramadan period in the last 3 years.
    Attacks and casualties have also increased recently because our 
forces are confronting the enemy in Baghdad and in other parts of Iraq. 
The past weekend, U.S. and Iraqi forces engaged militias--or members of 
an illegal militia--during a mission to capture a high-value target. The 
reason I bring this up is that we're on the move. We're taking action. 
We're helping this young democracy succeed. The reasons we went after 
the illegal militia was to capture a man responsible for killing many 
innocent Iraqis, and we accomplished that mission. Our troops have 
increased their presence on the streets of Baghdad, and together with 
Iraqi forces, they're working to ensure that terrorists and death squads 
cannot intimidate the local population and operate murder rings.
    Amid the violence, important political developments are also taking 
place. The Iraqi legislature reached a compromise and set up a process 
for addressing the difficult issues of federalism and constitutional 
reform. In addition, the Government of Prime Minister Maliki has taken three important steps to build confidence 
in his Government and in the Iraqi security forces. First, Prime 
Minister Maliki announced a plan to bring together Sunni and Shi'a 
parties and stop sectarian violence. The Prime Minister's plan has 
received support from every major political group in Iraq, including 
some hard-line Sunni elements that chose not to join the unity 
Government. Among the steps the Prime Minister announced is a new system 
of local and neighborhood committees, made up of both Sunni and Shi'a 
members, that will work directly with Iraqi security forces to resolve 
tensions and stop sectarian strife.
    Second, this past weekend Prime Minister Maliki met with tribal leaders from the Anbar Province. These 
tribal leaders told him they've had enough of the terrorists seeking to 
control the Sunni heartland, and they're ready to stand up and fight Al 
Qaida. The Prime Minister told them that he welcomed their support and 
would help them.
    Third, Prime Minister Maliki's 
Government suspended the Eighth Brigade, Second Division of the National 
Police after learning that this unit was not intervening to stop 
sectarian violence in and around Baghdad. This police brigade has been 
decertified by the Iraqi Ministry of Interior;

[[Page 1816]]

it's been removed from service; it's now being reviewed and retrained. 
With this action, the Iraqi Government has made clear, it's not going to 
tolerate the infiltration of the Iraqi security forces by militias and 
sectarian interests.
    The reason I bring this up, these examples up, is that there's a 
political process that's going forward. And it's the combination of 
security and a political process that will enable the United States to 
achieve our objective, which is an Iraq that can govern itself, sustain 
itself, defend itself, and be an ally in this war on terror.
    Iraq's Government--Iraq's democratic Government is just 4 months 
old. Yet in the face of terrorist threats and sectarian violence, Iraq's 
new leaders are beginning to make tough choices. And as they make these 
tough decisions, we'll stand with them, we'll help them. It's in our 
interests that Iraq succeed.
    Look, I fully understand the American people are seeing unspeakable 
violence on their TV screens. These are tough times in Iraq. The enemy 
is doing everything within its power to destroy the Government and to 
drive us out of the Middle East, starting with driving us out of Iraq 
before the mission is done. The stakes are high. As a matter of fact, 
they couldn't be higher. If we were to abandon that country before the 
Iraqis can defend their young democracy, the terrorists would take 
control of Iraq and establish a new safe haven from which to launch new 
attacks on America. How do I know that would happen? Because that's what 
the enemy has told us would happen; that's what they have said. And as 
Commander in Chief of the United States military and as a person working 
to secure this country, I take the words of the enemy very seriously, 
and so should the American people.
    We can't tolerate a new terrorist state in the heart of the Middle 
East, with large oil reserves that could be used to fund its radical 
ambitions or used to inflict economic damage on the West. By helping the 
Iraqis build a democracy--an Iraqi-style democracy--we will deal a major 
blow to terrorists and extremists, we'll bring hope to a troubled 
region, and we'll make this country more secure.
    With that, I'll take some questions, starting with Terry Hunt 
[Associated Press].

Diplomatic Efforts With North Korea

    Q. Thank you, Mr. President. Democrats say that North Korea's 
reported test shows that your policy has been a failure, that you got 
bogged down in Iraq, where there were no weapons of mass destruction, 
while North Korea was moving ahead with a bomb. Is your administration 
to blame for letting North Korea get this far?
    The President. North Korea has been trying to acquire bombs and 
weapons for a long period of time, long before I came into office. And 
it's a threat that we've got to take seriously, and we do, of course.
    In 1994, the Government--our Government--entered into a bilateral 
arrangement with the North Koreans that worked to make sure that they 
don't have the capacity to develop a bomb, and North Korea agreed that 
there would be no program whatsoever toward the development of a weapon. 
And yet we came into office and discovered that they were developing a 
program, unbeknownst to the folks with whom they signed the agreement, 
the United States Government. And we confronted them with that evidence, 
and they admitted it was true and then left the agreement that they had 
signed with the U.S. Government.
    And my point--and then I--as I mentioned in my opening statement, 
we, once again, had North Korea at the table--this time with other 
parties at the table--and they agreed once again, through this statement 
as a result of the six-party talks, to verifiably show that they weren't 
advancing a nuclear weapons program. And they chose again to leave. And 
my point to you is that it's the intransigence of the North Korean 
leader that speaks volumes about

[[Page 1817]]

the process. It is his unwillingness to choose a way forward for his 
country, a better way forward for his country. It is his decisions. And 
what's changed since then is that we now have other parties at the table 
who have made it clear to North Korea that they share the same goals of 
the United States, which is a nuclear weapons-free peninsula.
    Obviously, I'm listening very carefully to this debate. I can 
remember the time when it was said that the Bush administration goes it 
alone too often in the world, which I always thought was a bogus claim 
to begin with. And now all of a sudden, people are saying, the Bush 
administration ought to be going alone with North Korea. But it didn't 
work in the past, is my point. The strategy did not work. I learned a 
lesson from that and decided that the best way to convince Kim Jong 
Il to change his mind on a nuclear weapons 
program is to have others send the same message.
    And so in my phone calls that I recently made right after the test, 
I lamented the fact that he had tested to Hu 
Jintao and also lamented the fact that Hu Jintao 
had publicly asked him not to test. I talked to the South Korean 
President, and I said, ``It ought to be clear to 
us now that we must continue to work together to make it abundantly 
clear to the leader in North Korea that there's a better way forward.'' 
When he walks away from agreement, he's not just walking away from a 
table with the United States as the only participant, he's walking away 
from a table that others are sitting at.
    And my point to you is, in order to solve this diplomatically, the 
United States and our partners must have a strong diplomatic hand, and 
you have a better diplomatic hand with others sending the message than 
you do when you're alone. And so obviously, I made the decision that the 
bilateral negotiations wouldn't work, and the reason I made that 
decision is because they didn't. And we'll continue to work to come up 
with a diplomatic solution in North Korea.
    This is a serious issue. But I want to remind our fellow citizens 
that the North Korean issue was serious for years. And I also remind our 
citizens that we want to make sure that we solve this problem 
diplomatically. We've got to give every effort to do so. But in my 
discussions with our partners, I reassured them that the security 
agreements we have with them will be enforced if need be, and that's in 
particular to South Korea and Japan.
    Terry. I mean--you're not Terry; you're Steve [Steve Holland, 
Reuters].

Iraq Study Group/Democracy Efforts in the Middle East

    Q. Thank you very much, sir.
    The President. It's a huge insult, I know.
    Q. Senator Warner says Iraq appears to be drifting sideways, and 
James Baker says a change in strategy may be needed. Are you willing to 
acknowledge that a change may be needed?
    The President. Steve, we're constantly changing tactics to achieve a 
strategic goal. Our strategic goal is a country which can defend itself, 
sustain itself, and govern itself. The strategic goal is to help this 
young democracy succeed in a world in which extremists are trying to 
intimidate rational people in order to topple moderate governments and 
to extend a caliphate.
    The stakes couldn't be any higher, as I said earlier, in the world 
in which we live. There are extreme elements that use religion to 
achieve objectives. And they want us to leave, and they want us to--and 
they want to topple government. They want to extend an ideological 
caliphate that is--has no concept of liberty inherent in their beliefs. 
They want to control oil resources, and they want to plot and plan and 
attack us again. That's their objectives. And so--and our strategic 
objective is to prevent them from doing that. And we're constantly 
changing tactics to achieve that objective.
    And I appreciate Senator Warner going 
over there and taking a look. I want you to notice, what he did say is, 
if the plan

[[Page 1818]]

is now not working--the plan that's in place isn't working, America 
needs to adjust. I completely agree. That's what I talk to General 
Casey about. I said, General, the 
Baghdad security plan is in its early implementation. I support you 
strongly, but if you come into this office and say we need to do 
something differently, I support you. If you need more troops, I support 
you. If you're going to devise a new strategy, we're with you, because I 
trust General Casey to make the judgments necessary to put the tactics 
in place to help us achieve an objective.
    And I appreciate Jimmy Baker--
willingness to--he and Lee Hamilton are 
putting this--have got a group they put together that I think was 
Congressman Wolf's suggestion--or passing the 
law. We supported the idea. I think it's good to have some of our elder 
statesmen--I hate to call Baker an elder statesmen--but to go over there 
and take a look and to come back and make recommendations. Somebody said 
he said, ``Well, you know, cut-and-run isn't working.'' That's not our 
policy. Our policy is to help this country succeed, because I understand 
the stakes. And I'm going to repeat them one more time. As a matter of 
fact, I'm going to spend a lot of time repeating the stakes about what 
life is like in the Middle East.
    It is conceivable that there will be a world in which radical forms, 
extreme forms of religion fight each other for influence in the Middle 
East, in which they've got the capacity to use oil as an economic 
weapon. And when you throw in the mix a nuclear weapon in the hands of a 
sworn enemy of the United States, you begin to see an environment that 
would cause some later on in history to look back and say, ``How come 
they couldn't see the problem? What happened to them in the year 2006? 
Why weren't they able to see the problems now and deal with them before 
it came too late?'', Steve.
    And so Iraq is an important part of dealing with this problem. And 
my vow to the American people is, I understand the stakes, and I 
understand what it would mean for us to leave before the job is done. 
And I look forward to listening how--what Jimmy Baker and Lee Hamilton say about 
how to get the job done. I appreciate them working on this issue because 
I think they understand what I know, and the stakes are high.
    And the stakes are high when it comes to developing a Palestinian 
state so that Israel can live at peace. And the stakes are high when it 
comes to making sure the young democracy of Lebanon is able to fend off 
the extremists and radicals that want to crater that democracy.
    This is the real challenge of the 21st century. I like to tell 
people we're in an ideological struggle. And it's a struggle between 
extremists and radicals and people of moderation who want to simply live 
a peaceful life. And the calling of this country and in this century is 
whether or not we will help the forces of moderation prevail. That's the 
fundamental question facing the United States of America--beyond my 
Presidency. And you can tell I made my choice. And I made my choice 
because the most solemn duty of the American President and government is 
to protect this country from harm.
    Martha [Martha Raddatz, ABC News]. Yes. I'm sure it was a profound 
followup. Okay.

Situation in North Korea/Six-Party Talks

    Q. Can we go back to North Korea, Mr. President?
    The President. Please.
    Q. You talk about failures of the past administration with the 
policy towards North Korea. Again, how can you say your policy is more 
successful, given that North Korea has apparently tested a nuclear 
weapon? And also, if you wouldn't mind, what is the redline for North 
Korea, given what has happened over the past few months?

[[Page 1819]]

    The President. My point was, bilateral negotiations didn't work. I 
appreciate the efforts of previous administrations. It just didn't work. 
And therefore, I thought it was important to change how we approached 
the problem so that we could solve it diplomatically. And I firmly 
believe that with North Korea and with Iran that it is best to deal with 
these regimes with more than one voice, because I understand how it 
works. What ends up happening is, is that we say to a country such as 
North Korea, ``Here's a reasonable way forward.'' They try to extract 
more at the negotiating table, or they've got a different objective, and 
then they go and say, ``Wait a minute; the United States is being 
unreasonable.'' They make a threat. They could--they say the world is 
about to fall apart because of the United States problem. And all of a 
sudden, we become the issue.
    But the United States message to North Korea and Iran and the people 
in both countries is that we have--we want to solve issues peacefully. 
We said there's a better way forward for you. Here's a chance, for 
example, to help your country economically. And all you got to do is 
verifiably show that you--in Iran's case, that you suspended your 
weapons program, and in North Korea's case, that you've got 
international safeguards on your program--which they agreed to, by the 
way.
    And so my point is, is that--to the American people I say, ``Look, 
we want to solve this diplomatically.'' It's important for the President 
to say to the American people, diplomacy was what--is our first choice 
and that I've now outlined a strategy. And I think it is a hopeful sign 
that China is now a integral partner in helping North Korea understand 
that it's just not the United States speaking to them.
    And it's an important sign to North Korea that South Korea, a 
country which obviously is deeply concerned about North Korean 
activities--South Korea is a partner, and that if North Korea decides 
that they don't like what's being said, they're not just stiffing the 
United States--I don't know if that's a diplomatic word or not--but 
they're sending a message to countries in the neighborhood that they 
really don't care what other countries think, which leads to further 
isolation. And when we get a U.N. Security Council resolution, it will 
help us deal with issues like proliferation and his ability--``he'' 
being Kim Jong Il's ability--to attract money to 
continue to develop his programs.
    Q. What about the redline, sir?
    The President. Well, the world has made it clear that these tests 
caused us to come together and work in the United Nations to send a 
clear message to the North Korean regime. We're bound up together with a 
common strategy to solve this issue peacefully through diplomatic means.
    Kevin [Kevin Corke, NBC News].

International Cooperation on the Situation in North Korea

    Q. Thank you, Mr. President.
    The President. If I might say, that is a beautiful suit.
    Q. Thank you, sir. My tailor appreciates that.
    The President. And I can't see anybody else who even comes close. 
[Laughter]
    Q. Thank you very much. I'll be happy to pass along my tailor's 
number if you'd like that, sir.
    The President. I'll take that back. I will recognize that on this--
please.
    Q. On May 23, 2003, sir, you said--you effectively drew a line in 
the sand. You said, ``We will not tolerate a nuclear North Korea.'' And 
yet now it appears that they have crossed that line. And I'm wondering 
what now, sir, do you say to both the American people and the 
international community vis-a-vis what has happened over the last 48 
hours?
    The President. No, I appreciate that, and I think it's very 
important for the American people and North Korea to understand that 
that statement still stands, and that one way to make sure that we're 
able to achieve

[[Page 1820]]

our objective is to have other people join us in making it clear to 
North Korea that they share that objective. And that's what's changed. 
That's what's changed over a relatively quick period of time. It used to 
be that the United States would say that, and that would be kind of a 
stand-alone statement. Now when that statement is said, there are other 
nations in the neighborhood saying it.
    And so we'll give diplomacy a chance to work. It is very important 
for us to solve these problems diplomatically. And I thank the leaders 
of--listen, when I call them on the phone, we're strategizing. This 
isn't, ``Oh, please stand up and say something.'' This is, ``How can we 
continue to work together to solve this problem?'' And that is a 
substantial change, Kevin, from the previous times.
    Suzanne [Suzanne Malveaux, Cable News Network]. First best dressed 
person here. Sorry.

Report on Iraqi Civilian Casualties

    Q. Kevin and I coordinated.
    The President. Yes. No, he actually looks----
    Q. Thank you, Mr. President. Back on Iraq, a group of American and 
Iraqi health officials today released a report saying that 655,000 
Iraqis have died since the Iraq war. That figure is 20 times the figure 
that you cited in December, at 30,000. Do you care to amend or update 
your figure, and do you consider this a credible report?
    The President. No, I don't consider it a credible report; neither 
does General Casey and neither do Iraqi 
officials. I do know that a lot of innocent people have died, and that 
troubles me, and it grieves me. And I applaud the Iraqis for their 
courage in the face of violence. I am amazed that this is a society 
which so wants to be free that they're willing to--that there's a level 
of violence that they tolerate. And it's now time for the Iraqi 
Government to work hard to bring security in neighborhoods so people can 
feel at peace.
    No question, it's violent, but this report is one--they put it out 
before; it was pretty well--the methodology was pretty well discredited. 
But I talk to people like General Casey, and, of course, the Iraqi Government put out a statement 
talking about the report.
    Q. ----the figure of 30,000, Mr. President? Do you stand by your 
figure, 30,000?
    The President. You know, I stand by the figure. A lot of innocent 
people have lost their life--600,000, or whatever they guessed at, is 
just--it's not credible. Thank you.
    Baier [Bret Baier, FOX News].

2006 Midterm Elections

    Q. Thank you, Mr. President. Since you last held a news conference 
here in the Rose Garden, about a month ago, Republicans across the 
country have seen races that were once safe, tighten, with the tide 
turning, according to several polls, towards the Democrats. 
Understanding that you don't lead by looking at polls----
    The President. Thank you, sir. Thank you. Finally.
    Q. ----as you've said many times, are you still confident 
Republicans will hold the House and the Senate?
    The President. Yes, I am.
    Q. If so, why? And do you believe that the biggest drag on the 
Republican Party is the situation in Iraq?
    The President. I believe that the situation in Iraq is, no question, 
tough on the American psyche, like I said, I think, at this very spot 
last time I faced the press corps. And it's serious business. Look, the 
American people want to know, can we win--that's what they want to 
know--and do we have a plan to win. There are some who say, ``Get out. 
It's not worth it.'' And those are some of the voices, by the way, in 
the Democrat Party. Certainly not all Democrats, but some of the loud 
voices in the party say, ``Get out.''
    And so no question this is an issue, but so is the economy. And I 
believe there'll

[[Page 1821]]

be--I still stand by my prediction, we'll have a Republican Speaker and 
a Republican leader of the Senate. And the reason I say that is because 
I believe the two biggest issues in this campaign are, one, the economy. 
And the economy is growing. The national unemployment rate is 4.6 
percent. We've just discovered, as the result of analyzing new data, 
that we added 6.6 million new jobs since August of 2003. Gas prices are 
down. Tax cuts are working.
    And there's a difference of opinion in the campaign about taxes, and 
we will keep them low. Matter of fact, I would like to keep the--make 
the tax cuts we pass permanent. And the Democrats will raise taxes. Now, 
I know they say only on rich people, but that's--in my judgment, having 
been around here long enough to know, it's just code word. They're going 
to raise them on whoever they can raise them on.
    And then on security, the American people know that our biggest job 
is to protect this country from further attack, and--because they know 
there's an enemy that still plots and plans. And there is; there is. 
Recently we learned that, when British intelligence and U.S. 
intelligence--with our help--broke up a plot to get on airplanes and 
blow them up, the planes that were going to fly from Great Britain to 
here. And they want to know--``they,'' the people--want to know what are 
we doing to protect them.
    There have been some votes on the floor of the Senate and the House 
that make it abundantly clear, we just have a different view of the 
world. The vast majority of Democrats voted against a program that would 
enable us to interrogate high-value detainees. That was the vote. It's 
wide open for everybody to see: Should a CIA program go forward or not 
go forward? The vast majority of Democrats in the House voted against a 
program that would have institutionalized the capacity for this 
Government to listen to Al Qaida phone calls or Al Qaida affiliate phone 
calls coming from outside the country to inside the country.
    It's very important for our fellow citizens to recognize that I 
don't question anybody's patriotism, but I do question a strategy that 
says, we can't give those on the frontline of fighting terror the tools 
necessary to fight terror. I believe that in order to defend America, we 
must take a threat seriously and defeat an enemy overseas so we don't 
have to face them here. I don't believe we can wait to respond after 
attack has occurred.
    And so I think these are the two biggest issues, Bret. And Iraq is a 
part of the war on terror. Now, I recognize Democrats say that's not the 
case, and what I say to the American people when I am out there is, all 
you've got to do is listen to what Usama bin Laden says. Don't believe me that it's a part of the war on 
terror; listen to the enemy, or listen to Mr. Zawahiri, the number two of Al Qaida, both of whom made it clear 
that Iraq is central in their plans. And I firmly believe that American 
people understand that this is different from other war because in this 
war, if we were to leave early before the job is done, the enemy will 
follow us here.
    And so I believe, Bret, that we'll maintain control because we're on 
the right side of the economic issue and the security issue.
    Let's see. Yes, sir, Mr. NPR [Don Gonyea, National Public Radio]. 
Welcome to the front row. Yes, it's good.

 Democratic Party/2006 Midterm Elections

    Q. Thank you. It's good to be here. Appreciate it. Following up on 
that answer, one of the things Democrats complain about is the way you 
portray their position----
    The President. Oh, really?
    Q. ----in wanting to fight the war on terror. They would say you 
portray it as either they support exactly what you want to do, or they 
want to do nothing. We hear it in some of your speeches. Is it fair

[[Page 1822]]

to portray it to the American people that way?
    The President. Well, I think it's fair to use the words of the 
people in Congress or their votes. The vote was on the Hamdan legislation: Do you want to continue a program 
that enabled us to interrogate folks or not? And all I was doing was 
reciting the votes. I would cite my opponent in the 2004 campaign when he said there needs to be a date certain from which 
to withdraw from Iraq. I characterize that as cut-and-run because I 
believe it is cut-and-run. In other words, I've been using either their 
votes or their words to characterize their positions.
    Q. But they don't say ``cut-and-run.''
    The President. Well, they may not use ``cut-and-run,'' but they say 
``date certain is when to get out,'' before the job is done. That is 
cut-and-run. Nobody has accused me of having a real sophisticated 
vocabulary; I understand that. And maybe their words are more 
sophisticated than mine. But when you pull out before the job is done, 
that's cut-and-run as far as I'm concerned, and that's cut-and-run as 
far as most Americans are concerned. And so, yes, I'm going to continue 
reminding them of their words and their votes.
    Jim [Jim Axelrod, CBS News].

Iraq Study Group/U.S. Armed Forces in Iraq

    Q. Thank you, Mr. President. My best suit is in the cleaners.
    The President. That's not even a suit.
    Q. I know. [Laughter] You got to give me more time in the morning 
with a news conference.
    The President. I know. You like to wake up about 8:30. [Laughter]
    Q. I want to ask you----
    The President. High-priced news guys.
    Q. Yes, sure.
    The President. Yes. [Laughter]
    Q. I want to ask you a little bit about--I want to follow on the 
criticism that you've received for the suggestions from Senator Warner 
and from James Baker, now Olympia Snowe. This is not exactly the board 
of directors for moveon.org. Do you----
    The President. That's true.
    Q. Do you feel in some way that there is some shift going on in 
terms of the general support for the war in Iraq and your strategy 
specifically? And do you ever feel like the walls are closing in on you 
in terms of support for this?
    The President. [Laughter] Jim, I understand how hard it is, and I 
also understand the stakes. And let me go back to Senator 
Warner. Senator Warner said, ``If the plan 
isn't working, adjust.'' I agree completely. I haven't seen 
Baker's report yet, but one of the 
things I remind you of is that I don't hear those people saying, get out 
before the job is done. They're saying, be flexible. And we are.
    I believe that you empower your generals to make the decisions, the 
recommendations on what we do to win. You can't fight a war from 
Washington. In other words, you can't make the tactical decisions 
necessary to win. It just won't work. And I trust General Casey. I find him to be one of the really competent, 
decent guys.
    Q. But----
    The President. Let me finish, please, for a second. Plus, I couldn't 
hear you, but I saw you talking. Anyway, I think it's--I value his 
judgment. I value his--I know he wants to succeed, and I value his 
objectivity. And he--what's important for the President is when I open 
up that door in there and General Casey 
walks in, he feels confident to tell me what's on his mind, Jim--
``Here's what's going right, and here's what's going wrong, and here's 
what we're doing about it.''
    And so for those folks saying, make sure there's flexibility, I 
couldn't agree more with you. And I think the characterization of, 
``Let's stay the course,'' is about a quarter right. ``Stay the course'' 
means, keep doing what you're doing. My attitude is, don't do what 
you're doing if it's not working; change. ``Stay the course'' also 
means,

[[Page 1823]]

don't leave before the job is done. And that's--we're going to get the 
job done in Iraq. And it's important that we do get the job done in 
Iraq.
    Defeat in Iraq will embolden an enemy. And I want to repeat to you 
the reality of the world in which we live. If we were to leave before 
the job is done, the enemy is coming after us. And most Americans--back 
to your question, Bret--understand we've got to defeat them there so we 
don't face them here. It's a different kind of war, but nevertheless, it 
is a war.
    Go ahead.

Insurgency and Terrorist Attacks in Iraq

    Q. I'm just wondering--2 months ago, Prime Minister Maliki was here, 
and you talked about how we had to be nimble and facile in our approach. 
And my question is, are we being nimble and facile in the right way? Is 
what General Casey telling you the most effective advice? Because it 
would seem in the 2 months since Prime Minister Maliki was here, things 
have only gotten more bloody in Iraq.
    The President. No question Ramadan is here; no question we're 
engaging the enemy more than we were before. And by the way, when you 
engage the enemy, it causes there to be more action and more kinetic 
action. And the fundamental question is, do I get good advice from 
Casey? And the answer is, I believe I 
do; I believe I do.
    Please. Sanger [David Sanger, New York Times].

Diplomatic Efforts With North Korea

    Q. Thank you, Mr. President. You spoke very passionately before 
about acting before it was too late on major issues. You faced one of 
those moments in early 2003. This was when the North Koreans had thrown 
out the international inspectors, said they were going to go ahead and 
turn their fuel into weapons. And you had a moment to tell them that 
they would face serious consequences if they were going to do that. You 
also had what may have been the last moment for any American President 
to destroy their fuel supplies while they were all in one place.
    The President. You mean, bombing them?
    Q. Whatever action you might have needed to take, including military 
action, against the site--the one site at the time where they were 
getting ready----
    The President. I just wanted to clarify. Sorry to interrupt you.
    Q. Yes. And you chose not to. And I was wondering whether in 
retrospect you regret that decision at all, whether or not you think 
that, because of the long history of deception that you pointed out 
before, you should have acted differently?
    The President. I used the moment to continue my desire to convince 
others to become equity partners in the Korean issue--North Korean 
issue, because, David, I obviously look at all options all the time, and 
I felt like the best way to solve this problem would be through a 
diplomacy effort that was renewed and reinvigorated by having China and 
South Korea and Japan and Russia joining us in convincing Kim Jong 
Il there's a better way forward.
    And frankly, I was quite optimistic that we had succeeded last 
September when we had this joint statement, which you adequately 
covered. And yet he walked away from it. He 
decided, well, maybe his word doesn't mean anything.
    And so we will continue to work diplomatically to solve the problem. 
That's what I owe the American people, to come up with a diplomatic 
solution. I also made it clear, and I will repeat, that we have security 
obligations in the region that I reconfirmed to our partners.
    Sir. Washington Post man [Michael Fletcher, Washington Post].

Situations in Iran and North Korea

    Q. Good morning, Mr. President.
    The President. That would be Mike.

[[Page 1824]]

    Q. Right. I'd like to follow up on an earlier question about your 
rhetoric on Iran and North Korea.
    The President. Okay.
    Q. You said yesterday in your statement that the North Korean 
nuclear test was unacceptable. Your chief negotiator for the six-party 
talks said last week that North Korea has a choice of either having 
weapons or having a future. When you spoke a month or so ago to the 
American Legion, you talked about Iran and said, ``There must be 
consequences for Iran's defiance, and we must not allow Iran to develop 
a nuclear weapon.'' I am wondering, sir--your administration has issued 
these kinds of warnings pretty regularly over the last 5 years, and yet 
these countries have pursued their nuclear programs. I'm wondering if 
you--what is different about the current set of warnings, and do you 
think the administration and our Government runs a risk of looking 
feckless to the world by issuing these kinds of warnings regularly 
without response from the countries?
    The President. That's a fair question. First of all, I am making it 
clear our policy hasn't changed. It's important for the folks to 
understand that we don't continually shift our goals based upon polls or 
whatever. See, I think clarity of purpose is very important to rally a 
diplomatic effort to solve the problem. And so I try to speak as clearly 
as I can and make sure there's no ambiguity in our position. I also 
found that's a pretty good way to help rally a diplomatic effort that I 
believe will more likely work.
    I know this sounds--I'm just saying it over and over again, but 
it's--rhetoric and actions are all aimed at convincing others that they 
have an equal stake in whether or not these nations have a nuclear 
weapon, because I firmly believe, Mike, that that is the best strategy 
to solve the problem. One has a stronger hand when there's more people 
playing your same cards. It is much easier for a nation to hear what I 
believe are legitimate demands if there's more than one voice speaking. 
And that's why we're doing what we're doing.
    And to answer your question as to whether or not the words will be 
empty, I would suggest that, quite the contrary, that we not only have 
spoken about the goals, but as a result of working together with our 
friends, Iran and North Korea are looking at a different diplomatic 
scenario.
    I thought you were going to ask the question, following up on 
Sanger, how come you don't use military action now? You kind of hinted 
it; you didn't say it. And some wonder that. As a matter of fact, I'm 
asked questions around the country--just go ahead and use the military. 
And my answer is, is that I believe the Commander in Chief must try all 
diplomatic measures before we commit our military. And I believe the 
diplomacy is--we're making progress when we've got others at the table.
    I'll ask myself a followup. If that's the case, why did you use 
military action in Iraq? And the reason why is because we tried the 
diplomacy. Matter of fact, we tried resolution after resolution after 
resolution. All these situations are--each of them different and require 
a different response, a different effort to try to solve this 
peacefully. And we'll continue to do so.
    The inability to convince people to move forward speaks volumes 
about them. It ought to say to all the world that we're dealing with 
people that maybe don't want peace--which, in my judgment, in order for 
there to be peace, requires an international response. It says volumes 
about a person who signs an agreement with one administration and signs 
an agreement or speaks about an agreement with another administration 
and doesn't honor the agreement. It points up the fact that these are 
dangerous regimes and requires an international effort to work in 
concert.
    Roger [Roger Runningen, Bloomberg News].

[[Page 1825]]

Six-Party Talks With North Korea

    Q. Thank you. I'd like to turn back to North Korea for a bit. You've 
said that bilateral talks didn't work. Secretary Baker has said that 
maybe they should be considered, maybe at some point under certain 
conditions. Are you prepared now to just take the possibility of one-
one-one talks with North Korea off the table?
    The President. I'm saying as loud as I can and as clear as I can 
that there is a better way forward for North Korea, and that we will 
work within the context of the six-party talks.
    People say, ``You don't talk to North Korea.'' We had a 
representative, a United States representative at the table in the six-party talks. The North Korean 
leader knows our position. It's easy to understand our position: There 
is a better way forward for his Government. And people need to review 
the September '05 document, the joint statement that talked about 
economics, and we won't attack North Korea. We agreed that we shouldn't 
have nuclear weapons on the peninsula. I mean, there is a way forward 
for the leader in North Korea to choose. We've made our choice, and so 
has China, South Korea, Japan, and Russia. And that's what's changed.
    I also am deeply concerned about the lives of the citizens in that 
country. I mean there's--and that's why I named a envoy, Jay 
Lefkowitz, to talk about the human 
condition inside of North Korea. And the reason we did that is we care 
about how people live. We care about people starving. We care about the 
fact that there are large concentration camps.
    You know, one of the most meaningful moments of my Presidency came 
when a Japanese mother came to the Oval Office 
to talk about what it was like to have her daughter kidnaped by North Korea. You can imagine what that was 
like. It broke my heart, and it should break everybody's heart. But it 
speaks to the nature of the regime. And therefore, we--I am convinced 
that to solve this diplomatically requires more than just America's 
voice.
    Let's see here. Mark [Mark Silva, Chicago Tribune].

Former Representative Mark Foley/2006 Midterm 
Elections

    Q. Thank you, Mr. President.
    The President. Yes.
    Q. Mr. President, with growing numbers of House Members and staffers 
saying that they knew of and told others about a problem with Mark Foley 
some years ago, has House Speaker Hastert lost touch within his own 
ranks, and has the scandal damaged Hastert's credibility and 
effectiveness in maintaining party control in the midterm elections?
    The President. No, I think the Speaker's strong statements have made it clear to not only the 
party members but to the country that he wants to find out the facts. 
All of us want to find out the facts. I mean, this is disgusting 
behavior when a Member of Congress betrays the trust of the Congress and 
a family that sent a young page up to serve in the Congress. And I 
appreciated Speaker Hastert's strong declaration of his desire to get to 
the bottom of it. And we want to make sure we understand what 
Republicans knew and what Democrats knew, in order to find the facts. 
And I hope that happens sooner rather than later.
    Q. And his credibility, sir----
    The President. Oh, Denny is very 
credible, as far as I'm concerned. And he's done a fine job as Speaker, 
and when he stands up and says, ``I want to know the truth''--I believe 
yesterday he said that if somebody on his staff didn't tell him the 
truth, they're gone; I respect that and appreciate that and believe him. 
And--no, I think the elections will be decided by security and the 
economy. I really do, Mark. I know this is--this Foley issue bothered a 
lot of people, including me. But I think when they get in that booth, 
they're going to be thinking about how best to secure the country

[[Page 1826]]

from attack and how best to keep the economy growing.
    I think the last time I was out here with you, I reminded you that I 
understand that the economy is always a salient issue in campaigns. 
We've had some experience with that in my family, I think I said. I 
still believe the economy is an important issue, and I believe on this 
issue there is a huge difference of opinion.
    The other day, by the way, Don, I did bring up the words of the 
leader of the House when she said, ``I love tax 
cuts.'' And then I reminded everybody that if she loved them so much, 
how come she voted against a lot of tax cuts? In other words, again, 
back to your question about whether it's fair to use people's words--I 
think to say, I love tax cuts, and then vote against tax cuts it's 
just--it's worthy--it's just worthy of people's consideration in the 
political process--I believe taxes are a big issue in the campaign, 
Mark.
    And I know how--I know that--how best to protect the country is a 
big issue, a really big issue. And there's a kind of law enforcement 
mentality that says, ``Well, we'll respond after attack.'' It's not 
going to work. It's just not going to work. We've got to deal with these 
problems before they come to--before they come to our territory.
    I understand that some are saying, ``Well, he's just trying to scare 
us.'' My job is to look at the intelligence and to--and I'm going to 
tell you, there's an enemy out there that would like to do harm again to 
the United States, because we're in a war. And they have objectives. 
They want to drive us out of parts of the world to establish a 
caliphate. It's what they have told us, and it's essential that we 
listen to the words of the enemy if we want to protect the American 
people.
    And in this debate about which party can handle it better, I will--
it's very important that no one question the patriotism or the loyalty 
to the country. There is a different mindset, however, that is worth 
discussing in the course of a campaign. And I'm going to continue to do 
it. And I believe those two issues will be the issues that drive the 
election.
    April [April Ryan, American Urban Radio Networks].

Diplomatic Efforts With North Korea/Nuclear Weapons Development

    Q. Thank you, sir. Mr. President, some in the national security 
community are wondering if, indeed, you're ready to live with a nuclear 
North Korea?
    The President. No.
    Q. Well, they're saying that that is a possibility.
    The President. Well, they're wrong.
    Q. Well, can I give you----
    The President. Well, it was a short question and a short answer. 
[Laughter]
    Q. One, China is not ready to put teeth behind sanctions--enough 
teeth to really threaten the regime. And also, economic sanctions have 
limited effect on North Korea.
    The President. We got to try it diplomatically first, April. And 
this is back to old Michael's question about, am I serious about saying 
what I mean? It's why I say what I say, because some people are 
beginning to wonder whether or not it's the goal. The goal is no nuclear 
weapon. And again, I think I've shared with you my views of diplomacy. 
Diplomacy is--it's a difficult process because everybody's interests 
aren't exactly the same. We share the same goal, but sometimes the 
internal issues are different from ours. And therefore, it takes a while 
to get people on the same page, and it takes a while for people to get 
used to consequences.
    And so I wouldn't necessarily characterize these countries' 
positions as locked-in positions. We're constantly dialoging with them 
to make sure that there is a common effort to send a clear message.
    And the other part of your question was?
    Q. And the followup, yes. Military options, there are a menu of 
options the

[[Page 1827]]

White House is saying. Once diplomacy has run its course and you've run 
through your timetable, what about military options against North Korea?
    The President. Well, diplomacy hasn't run its course. That's what 
I'm trying to explain to you a la the Sanger question. And we'll 
continue working to make sure that we give diplomacy a full opportunity 
to succeed.
    Yes, David [David Gregory, NBC News].

Retrospective Analysis of Iraq

    Q. Thank you, Mr. President. You spoke of the troubles in Iraq. And 
as you know, we have Woodward [Bob Woodward, Washington Post] and we 
have a shelf full of books about Iraq, and many of them claim that 
administration policies contributed to the difficulties there. So I'm 
wondering, is there anything you wish you would have done differently 
with regard to Iraq?
    The President. Speaking about books, somebody ought to add up the 
number of pages that have been written about my administration. There's 
a lot of books out there. A lot. I don't know if I've set the record or 
not, but I guess it means that I've made some hard decisions and will 
continue to make hard decisions.
    And, David, this is the--this is about the fifth time I've been 
asked this type of question. And as you know, there are some things that 
I wish had happened differently: Abu Ghraib. I believe that really hurt 
us. It hurt us internationally. It kind of eased us off the moral high 
ground. In other words, we weren't a country that was capable of, on the 
one hand, promoting democracy, and then treating people decently. Now 
the world has seen that we've held those to account who are--who did 
this.
    You know, there's just a lot of look-backs. Presidents don't get to 
look back, but I will tell you, the decision to remove Saddam was the right decision. And I would look forward to 
the debate where people debate whether or not Saddam should still be in 
power.
    As you know, a leader in the Senate Intel Committee on, I think it was CBS News, Axelrod, I'm 
not sure--you follow your news closely; you can verify this--said that 
the world would be better if Saddam were in 
power. I strongly disagree. So when it comes to that decision, which is 
a decision to cause a lot of people to write books, it's the right 
decision.
    And now the fundamental question is, will this country help this 
young democracy succeed? And the answer is, we will. We'll change 
tactics when we need to change tactics to help this young democracy 
succeed. But the stakes are high if we were to leave. It means that we 
would hand over a part of the region to extremists and radicals who 
would glorify a victory over the United States and use it to become--use 
it to recruit. It would give these people a chance to plot and plan and 
attack. It would give them resources from which to continue their 
efforts to spread their caliphate. The stakes are really high.
    Joe [Joseph Curl, Washington Times].

Immigration Reform

    Q. Thank you. On a different topic, you've said you will sign the 
border fence bill to build 700 miles of fence along the U.S. border, but 
DHS has said it prefers a virtual fence of sensors and cameras rather 
than an actual wall. Are you committed to building the 700 miles of 
fence, actual fencing?
    The President. Yes, we're going to do both, Joe. We're just going to 
make sure that we build it in a spot where it works. I don't--DHS said 
they want a virtual wall. I don't believe that's the only thing they've 
said. I think you might have truncated their statement, because we're 
actually building fence, and we're building double fence, in particular, 
in areas where there is a high vulnerability for people being able to 
sneak in.

[[Page 1828]]

    You can't fence the entire border, but what you can do is you can 
use a combination of fencing and technology to make it easier for the 
Border Patrol to enforce our border. I happen to believe, however, that 
in order to make sure the border is fully secure, we need a guest-worker 
program, so people aren't sneaking in in the first place.
    And so I look forward to not only implementing that which Congress 
has funded, in a way that says to folks, the American people, ``We'll 
enforce our border,'' but I'm going to continue to campaign and work for 
a comprehensive bill so that whatever we do in terms of equipment and 
manpower works better. If somebody is not trying to sneak in to work, in 
other words, coming through in a way where they're showing a temporary-
worker pass, where they're not using coyotes to smuggle across, where 
they're not going through tunnels, it's going to make it much easier for 
us to do our job, Joe, and that's enforce the border.
    And so my judgment is, if the people want this country secure, we've 
got to do--have a smart border, which we're in the process of developing 
now. It's a combination of fencing and technologies--UAVs, sensors. I 
don't know if you've ever been down there, but it's a pretty vast part 
of country down there. It's hard to enforce that border. You've got some 
rugged country; you've got stretches of territory where you don't even 
know where the border is. You've got urban areas like El Paso or 
southern California where people have been able to sneak in by use of 
urban corridors. And so therefore, fencing makes sense there.
    I went down to Arizona, the Arizona sector, and saw a place where 
there's literally neighborhoods abutting the border, and people come--
100 of them would rush across the border into a little subdivision, and 
the Border Patrol would catch 2 or 3, and 97 would get in. And they're 
asking, what are you going to provide to help us do our job? And in this 
case, those who are in charge of coming up with the proper strategy to 
enforce the border said, ``We need double fencing with space,'' so that 
the Border Patrol can use that fencing as leverage against people 
rushing into the country.
    And my only point to you is, is that the strategy to develop this 
border requires different assets based on the conditions--based upon 
what the terrain looks like. And that's what we're doing.
    But I repeat to you: When you've got a situation where people are 
sneaking in to do jobs Americans aren't doing, it's also going to keep a 
strain on the border. And so therefore, a temporary-worker plan, to me, 
makes sense, and it's a much more humane program--approach, by the way. 
It will certainly help stamp out all these illegal characters that are 
exploiting human beings. You know, these coyotes that stuff people in 
the back of 18-wheelers for money is just--that's not in character with 
how this Nation works. And I think we ought to--I think a good program 
that helps us enforce our border also will see to it that people are 
treated more humanely.
    Thank you for your interest.

Note: The President's news conference began at 11:01 a.m. in the Rose 
Garden at the White House. In his remarks, he referred to Gen. George W. 
Casey, Jr., USA, commanding general, Multi-National Force--Iraq; 
Chairman Kim Jong Il of North Korea; President Hu Jintao of China; 
President Roh Moo-hyun of South Korea; James A. Baker III and Lee H. 
Hamilton, cochairs, Iraq Study Group; Usama bin Laden, leader of the Al 
Qaida terrorist organization; and Sakie Yokota, mother of Megumi Yokota, 
who was kidnaped by North Korean authorities.

[[Page 1829]]