    [Public Papers of the Presidents of the United States: George W. Bush (2006, Book II)]
    [October 11, 2006]
    [Pages 1814-1829]
    [From the U.S. Government Publishing Office www.gpo.gov]

    The President's News Conference
    October 11, 2006

        The President. Thank you. Before I take your questions, I'd like to
    discuss a couple subjects. First, I want to briefly mention that today
    we've released the actual budget numbers for the fiscal year that ended
    on September the 30th. These numbers show that we have now achieved our
    goal of cutting the Federal budget deficit in half, and we've done it 3
    years ahead of schedule. The budget numbers are proof that progrowth
    economic policies work. By restraining spending in Washington and
    allowing Americans to keep more of what they earn, the economy is
    creating jobs and reducing the deficit and making our Nation a more
    prosperous nation for all our citizens.
        I'm going to talk about the progrowth economic policies that helped
    bring about the dramatic reduction in the deficit, this afternoon, and
    I'm going to remind our fellow citizens that good tax policy has a lot
    to do with keeping the economy strong, and therefore, we'll continue to
    urge the Congress to make the tax cuts permanent.
        I also want to talk about the unfolding situation in North Korea.
    Earlier this week, the Government of North Korea proclaimed to the world
    that it had conducted a successful nuclear test. The United States is
    working to confirm North Korea's claim, but this claim itself
    constitutes a threat to international peace and stability.
        In response to North Korea's actions, we're working with our
    partners in the region and the United Nations Security Council to ensure
    there are serious repercussions for the regime in Pyongyang. I've spoken
    with other world leaders, including Japan,
    China, South Korea, and
    Russia. We all agree that there must be a
    strong Security Council resolution that will require North Korea to
    abide by its international commitments to dismantle its nuclear
    programs. This resolution should also specify a series of measures to
    prevent North Korea from exporting nuclear or missile technologies and
    prevent financial transactions or asset transfers that would help North
    Korea develop its nuclear and missile capabilities.
        Last year, North Korea agreed to a path to a better future for its
    people in the six-party talks, September of last year. We had an
    agreement with North Korea. It came about in the form of what we call
    the six-party joint statement. It offered the prospect for normalized
    relations with both Japan and the United States. It talked about
    economic cooperation in energy, trade, and investment. In that joint
    statement, North Korea committed to abandoning all nuclear weapons and
    existing nuclear programs and to adhering to the Treaty on
    Nonproliferation of Nuclear Weapons and to IAEA safeguards. They agreed.
        The United States affirmed that we have no nuclear weapons on the
    Korean Peninsula. We affirmed that we have no intention of attacking
    North Korea. With its actions this week, North Korea has once again
    chosen to reject the prospect for a better future offered by the six-
    party joint statement. Instead, it has opted to raise tensions in the
    region.
        I'm pleased that the nations in the region are making clear to North
    Korea what is at stake. I thank China, South Korea, Japan, and Russia
    for their strong statements of condemnation of North Korea's actions.
    Peace on the Korean Peninsula requires that these nations send a clear
    message to Pyongyang that its actions will not be tolerated, and I
    appreciate their leadership.
        The United States remains committed to diplomacy. The United States
    also reserves all options to defend our friends and our interests in the
    region against the threats from North Korea. So, in response to North
    Korea's provocation, we'll increase defense

    [[Page 1815]]

    cooperation with our allies, including cooperation on ballistic missile
    defense to protect against North Korean aggression and cooperation to
    prevent North Korea from exporting nuclear and missile technologies.
        Our goals remain clear: peace and security in Northeast Asia and a
    nuclear-free Korean Peninsula. We will take the necessary actions to
    achieve these goals. We will work with the United Nations. We'll support
    our allies in the region. And together we will ensure that North Korea
    understands the consequences if it continues down its current path.
        I'd like to discuss the latest developments in Iraq. This morning I
    just had a meeting with Secretary Rumsfeld and General George Casey,
    who is in town today. General Casey, as you know, is the top commander
    on the ground in Iraq. The brutality of Iraq's enemies has been on full
    display in recent days. Earlier this week, Deputy President Tariq al-
    Hashimi lost his brother, Major General
    Hashimi, when gunmen dressed in police
    uniforms broke into his house and shot him in the head. Only a few
    months ago, his sister and other brother were assassinated. On behalf of
    the United States, I express my heartfelt condolences to the al-Hashimi
    family. And we express our condolences to all those who've suffered at
    the hands of these brutal killers.
        The situation is difficult in Iraq, no question about it. The
    violence is being caused by a combination of terrorists, elements of
    former regime criminals, and sectarian militias. Attacks and casualties
    have risen during the Ramadan period. A rise in violence has occurred
    every Ramadan period in the last 3 years.
        Attacks and casualties have also increased recently because our
    forces are confronting the enemy in Baghdad and in other parts of Iraq.
    The past weekend, U.S. and Iraqi forces engaged militias--or members of
    an illegal militia--during a mission to capture a high-value target. The
    reason I bring this up is that we're on the move. We're taking action.
    We're helping this young democracy succeed. The reasons we went after
    the illegal militia was to capture a man responsible for killing many
    innocent Iraqis, and we accomplished that mission. Our troops have
    increased their presence on the streets of Baghdad, and together with
    Iraqi forces, they're working to ensure that terrorists and death squads
    cannot intimidate the local population and operate murder rings.
        Amid the violence, important political developments are also taking
    place. The Iraqi legislature reached a compromise and set up a process
    for addressing the difficult issues of federalism and constitutional
    reform. In addition, the Government of Prime Minister Maliki has taken three important steps to build confidence
    in his Government and in the Iraqi security forces. First, Prime
    Minister Maliki announced a plan to bring together Sunni and Shi'a
    parties and stop sectarian violence. The Prime Minister's plan has
    received support from every major political group in Iraq, including
    some hard-line Sunni elements that chose not to join the unity
    Government. Among the steps the Prime Minister announced is a new system
    of local and neighborhood committees, made up of both Sunni and Shi'a
    members, that will work directly with Iraqi security forces to resolve
    tensions and stop sectarian strife.
        Second, this past weekend Prime Minister Maliki met with tribal leaders from the Anbar Province. These
    tribal leaders told him they've had enough of the terrorists seeking to
    control the Sunni heartland, and they're ready to stand up and fight Al
    Qaida. The Prime Minister told them that he welcomed their support and
    would help them.
        Third, Prime Minister Maliki's
    Government suspended the Eighth Brigade, Second Division of the National
    Police after learning that this unit was not intervening to stop
    sectarian violence in and around Baghdad. This police brigade has been
    decertified by the Iraqi Ministry of Interior;

    [[Page 1816]]

    it's been removed from service; it's now being reviewed and retrained.
    With this action, the Iraqi Government has made clear, it's not going to
    tolerate the infiltration of the Iraqi security forces by militias and
    sectarian interests.
        The reason I bring this up, these examples up, is that there's a
    political process that's going forward. And it's the combination of
    security and a political process that will enable the United States to
    achieve our objective, which is an Iraq that can govern itself, sustain
    itself, defend itself, and be an ally in this war on terror.
        Iraq's Government--Iraq's democratic Government is just 4 months
    old. Yet in the face of terrorist threats and sectarian violence, Iraq's
    new leaders are beginning to make tough choices. And as they make these
    tough decisions, we'll stand with them, we'll help them. It's in our
    interests that Iraq succeed.
        Look, I fully understand the American people are seeing unspeakable
    violence on their TV screens. These are tough times in Iraq. The enemy
    is doing everything within its power to destroy the Government and to
    drive us out of the Middle East, starting with driving us out of Iraq
    before the mission is done. The stakes are high. As a matter of fact,
    they couldn't be higher. If we were to abandon that country before the
    Iraqis can defend their young democracy, the terrorists would take
    control of Iraq and establish a new safe haven from which to launch new
    attacks on America. How do I know that would happen? Because that's what
    the enemy has told us would happen; that's what they have said. And as
    Commander in Chief of the United States military and as a person working
    to secure this country, I take the words of the enemy very seriously,
    and so should the American people.
        We can't tolerate a new terrorist state in the heart of the Middle
    East, with large oil reserves that could be used to fund its radical
    ambitions or used to inflict economic damage on the West. By helping the
    Iraqis build a democracy--an Iraqi-style democracy--we will deal a major
    blow to terrorists and extremists, we'll bring hope to a troubled
    region, and we'll make this country more secure.
        With that, I'll take some questions, starting with Terry Hunt
    [Associated Press].

    Diplomatic Efforts With North Korea

        Q. Thank you, Mr. President. Democrats say that North Korea's
    reported test shows that your policy has been a failure, that you got
    bogged down in Iraq, where there were no weapons of mass destruction,
    while North Korea was moving ahead with a bomb. Is your administration
    to blame for letting North Korea get this far?
        The President. North Korea has been trying to acquire bombs and
    weapons for a long period of time, long before I came into office. And
    it's a threat that we've got to take seriously, and we do, of course.
        In 1994, the Government--our Government--entered into a bilateral
    arrangement with the North Koreans that worked to make sure that they
    don't have the capacity to develop a bomb, and North Korea agreed that
    there would be no program whatsoever toward the development of a weapon.
    And yet we came into office and discovered that they were developing a
    program, unbeknownst to the folks with whom they signed the agreement,
    the United States Government. And we confronted them with that evidence,
    and they admitted it was true and then left the agreement that they had
    signed with the U.S. Government.
        And my point--and then I--as I mentioned in my opening statement,
    we, once again, had North Korea at the table--this time with other
    parties at the table--and they agreed once again, through this statement
    as a result of the six-party talks, to verifiably show that they weren't
    advancing a nuclear weapons program. And they chose again to leave. And
    my point to you is that it's the intransigence of the North Korean
    leader that speaks volumes about

    [[Page 1817]]

    the process. It is his unwillingness to choose a way forward for his
    country, a better way forward for his country. It is his decisions. And
    what's changed since then is that we now have other parties at the table
    who have made it clear to North Korea that they share the same goals of
    the United States, which is a nuclear weapons-free peninsula.
        Obviously, I'm listening very carefully to this debate. I can
    remember the time when it was said that the Bush administration goes it
    alone too often in the world, which I always thought was a bogus claim
    to begin with. And now all of a sudden, people are saying, the Bush
    administration ought to be going alone with North Korea. But it didn't
    work in the past, is my point. The strategy did not work. I learned a
    lesson from that and decided that the best way to convince Kim Jong
    Il to change his mind on a nuclear weapons
    program is to have others send the same message.
        And so in my phone calls that I recently made right after the test,
    I lamented the fact that he had tested to Hu
    Jintao and also lamented the fact that Hu Jintao
    had publicly asked him not to test. I talked to the South Korean
    President, and I said, ``It ought to be clear to
    us now that we must continue to work together to make it abundantly
    clear to the leader in North Korea that there's a better way forward.''
    When he walks away from agreement, he's not just walking away from a
    table with the United States as the only participant, he's walking away
    from a table that others are sitting at.
        And my point to you is, in order to solve this diplomatically, the
    United States and our partners must have a strong diplomatic hand, and
    you have a better diplomatic hand with others sending the message than
    you do when you're alone. And so obviously, I made the decision that the
    bilateral negotiations wouldn't work, and the reason I made that
    decision is because they didn't. And we'll continue to work to come up
    with a diplomatic solution in North Korea.
        This is a serious issue. But I want to remind our fellow citizens
    that the North Korean issue was serious for years. And I also remind our
    citizens that we want to make sure that we solve this problem
    diplomatically. We've got to give every effort to do so. But in my
    discussions with our partners, I reassured them that the security
    agreements we have with them will be enforced if need be, and that's in
    particular to South Korea and Japan.
        Terry. I mean--you're not Terry; you're Steve [Steve Holland,
    Reuters].

    Iraq Study Group/Democracy Efforts in the Middle East

        Q. Thank you very much, sir.
        The President. It's a huge insult, I know.
        Q. Senator Warner says Iraq appears to be drifting sideways, and
    James Baker says a change in strategy may be needed. Are you willing to
    acknowledge that a change may be needed?
        The President. Steve, we're constantly changing tactics to achieve a
    strategic goal. Our strategic goal is a country which can defend itself,
    sustain itself, and govern itself. The strategic goal is to help this
    young democracy succeed in a world in which extremists are trying to
    intimidate rational people in order to topple moderate governments and
    to extend a caliphate.
        The stakes couldn't be any higher, as I said earlier, in the world
    in which we live. There are extreme elements that use religion to
    achieve objectives. And they want us to leave, and they want us to--and
    they want to topple government. They want to extend an ideological
    caliphate that is--has no concept of liberty inherent in their beliefs.
    They want to control oil resources, and they want to plot and plan and
    attack us again. That's their objectives. And so--and our strategic
    objective is to prevent them from doing that. And we're constantly
    changing tactics to achieve that objective.
        And I appreciate Senator Warner going
    over there and taking a look. I want you to notice, what he did say is,
    if the plan

    [[Page 1818]]

    is now not working--the plan that's in place isn't working, America
    needs to adjust. I completely agree. That's what I talk to General
    Casey about. I said, General, the
    Baghdad security plan is in its early implementation. I support you
    strongly, but if you come into this office and say we need to do
    something differently, I support you. If you need more troops, I support
    you. If you're going to devise a new strategy, we're with you, because I
    trust General Casey to make the judgments necessary to put the tactics
    in place to help us achieve an objective.
        And I appreciate Jimmy Baker--
    willingness to--he and Lee Hamilton are
    putting this--have got a group they put together that I think was
    Congressman Wolf's suggestion--or passing the
    law. We supported the idea. I think it's good to have some of our elder
    statesmen--I hate to call Baker an elder statesmen--but to go over there
    and take a look and to come back and make recommendations. Somebody said
    he said, ``Well, you know, cut-and-run isn't working.'' That's not our
    policy. Our policy is to help this country succeed, because I understand
    the stakes. And I'm going to repeat them one more time. As a matter of
    fact, I'm going to spend a lot of time repeating the stakes about what
    life is like in the Middle East.
        It is conceivable that there will be a world in which radical forms,
    extreme forms of religion fight each other for influence in the Middle
    East, in which they've got the capacity to use oil as an economic
    weapon. And when you throw in the mix a nuclear weapon in the hands of a
    sworn enemy of the United States, you begin to see an environment that
    would cause some later on in history to look back and say, ``How come
    they couldn't see the problem? What happened to them in the year 2006?
    Why weren't they able to see the problems now and deal with them before
    it came too late?'', Steve.
        And so Iraq is an important part of dealing with this problem. And
    my vow to the American people is, I understand the stakes, and I
    understand what it would mean for us to leave before the job is done.
    And I look forward to listening how--what Jimmy Baker and Lee Hamilton say about
    how to get the job done. I appreciate them working on this issue because
    I think they understand what I know, and the stakes are high.
        And the stakes are high when it comes to developing a Palestinian
    state so that Israel can live at peace. And the stakes are high when it
    comes to making sure the young democracy of Lebanon is able to fend off
    the extremists and radicals that want to crater that democracy.
        This is the real challenge of the 21st century. I like to tell
    people we're in an ideological struggle. And it's a struggle between
    extremists and radicals and people of moderation who want to simply live
    a peaceful life. And the calling of this country and in this century is
    whether or not we will help the forces of moderation prevail. That's the
    fundamental question facing the United States of America--beyond my
    Presidency. And you can tell I made my choice. And I made my choice
    because the most solemn duty of the American President and government is
    to protect this country from harm.
        Martha [Martha Raddatz, ABC News]. Yes. I'm sure it was a profound
    followup. Okay.

    Situation in North Korea/Six-Party Talks

        Q. Can we go back to North Korea, Mr. President?
        The President. Please.
        Q. You talk about failures of the past administration with the
    policy towards North Korea. Again, how can you say your policy is more
    successful, given that North Korea has apparently tested a nuclear
    weapon? And also, if you wouldn't mind, what is the redline for North
    Korea, given what has happened over the past few months?

    [[Page 1819]]

        The President. My point was, bilateral negotiations didn't work. I
    appreciate the efforts of previous administrations. It just didn't work.
    And therefore, I thought it was important to change how we approached
    the problem so that we could solve it diplomatically. And I firmly
    believe that with North Korea and with Iran that it is best to deal with
    these regimes with more than one voice, because I understand how it
    works. What ends up happening is, is that we say to a country such as
    North Korea, ``Here's a reasonable way forward.'' They try to extract
    more at the negotiating table, or they've got a different objective, and
    then they go and say, ``Wait a minute; the United States is being
    unreasonable.'' They make a threat. They could--they say the world is
    about to fall apart because of the United States problem. And all of a
    sudden, we become the issue.
        But the United States message to North Korea and Iran and the people
    in both countries is that we have--we want to solve issues peacefully.
    We said there's a better way forward for you. Here's a chance, for
    example, to help your country economically. And all you got to do is
    verifiably show that you--in Iran's case, that you suspended your
    weapons program, and in North Korea's case, that you've got
    international safeguards on your program--which they agreed to, by the
    way.
        And so my point is, is that--to the American people I say, ``Look,
    we want to solve this diplomatically.'' It's important for the President
    to say to the American people, diplomacy was what--is our first choice
    and that I've now outlined a strategy. And I think it is a hopeful sign
    that China is now a integral partner in helping North Korea understand
    that it's just not the United States speaking to them.
        And it's an important sign to North Korea that South Korea, a
    country which obviously is deeply concerned about North Korean
    activities--South Korea is a partner, and that if North Korea decides
    that they don't like what's being said, they're not just stiffing the
    United States--I don't know if that's a diplomatic word or not--but
    they're sending a message to countries in the neighborhood that they
    really don't care what other countries think, which leads to further
    isolation. And when we get a U.N. Security Council resolution, it will
    help us deal with issues like proliferation and his ability--``he''
    being Kim Jong Il's ability--to attract money to
    continue to develop his programs.
        Q. What about the redline, sir?
        The President. Well, the world has made it clear that these tests
    caused us to come together and work in the United Nations to send a
    clear message to the North Korean regime. We're bound up together with a
    common strategy to solve this issue peacefully through diplomatic means.
        Kevin [Kevin Corke, NBC News].

    International Cooperation on the Situation in North Korea

        Q. Thank you, Mr. President.
        The President. If I might say, that is a beautiful suit.
        Q. Thank you, sir. My tailor appreciates that.
        The President. And I can't see anybody else who even comes close.
    [Laughter]
        Q. Thank you very much. I'll be happy to pass along my tailor's
    number if you'd like that, sir.
        The President. I'll take that back. I will recognize that on this--
    please.
        Q. On May 23, 2003, sir, you said--you effectively drew a line in
    the sand. You said, ``We will not tolerate a nuclear North Korea.'' And
    yet now it appears that they have crossed that line. And I'm wondering
    what now, sir, do you say to both the American people and the
    international community vis-a-vis what has happened over the last 48
    hours?
        The President. No, I appreciate that, and I think it's very
    important for the American people and North Korea to understand that
    that statement still stands, and that one way to make sure that we're
    able to achieve

    [[Page 1820]]

    our objective is to have other people join us in making it clear to
    North Korea that they share that objective. And that's what's changed.
    That's what's changed over a relatively quick period of time. It used to
    be that the United States would say that, and that would be kind of a
    stand-alone statement. Now when that statement is said, there are other
    nations in the neighborhood saying it.
        And so we'll give diplomacy a chance to work. It is very important
    for us to solve these problems diplomatically. And I thank the leaders
    of--listen, when I call them on the phone, we're strategizing. This
    isn't, ``Oh, please stand up and say something.'' This is, ``How can we
    continue to work together to solve this problem?'' And that is a
    substantial change, Kevin, from the previous times.
        Suzanne [Suzanne Malveaux, Cable News Network]. First best dressed
    person here. Sorry.

    Report on Iraqi Civilian Casualties

        Q. Kevin and I coordinated.
        The President. Yes. No, he actually looks----
        Q. Thank you, Mr. President. Back on Iraq, a group of American and
    Iraqi health officials today released a report saying that 655,000
    Iraqis have died since the Iraq war. That figure is 20 times the figure
    that you cited in December, at 30,000. Do you care to amend or update
    your figure, and do you consider this a credible report?
        The President. No, I don't consider it a credible report; neither
    does General Casey and neither do Iraqi
    officials. I do know that a lot of innocent people have died, and that
    troubles me, and it grieves me. And I applaud the Iraqis for their
    courage in the face of violence. I am amazed that this is a society
    which so wants to be free that they're willing to--that there's a level
    of violence that they tolerate. And it's now time for the Iraqi
    Government to work hard to bring security in neighborhoods so people can
    feel at peace.
        No question, it's violent, but this report is one--they put it out
    before; it was pretty well--the methodology was pretty well discredited.
    But I talk to people like General Casey, and, of course, the Iraqi Government put out a statement
    talking about the report.
        Q. ----the figure of 30,000, Mr. President? Do you stand by your
    figure, 30,000?
        The President. You know, I stand by the figure. A lot of innocent
    people have lost their life--600,000, or whatever they guessed at, is
    just--it's not credible. Thank you.
        Baier [Bret Baier, FOX News].

    2006 Midterm Elections

        Q. Thank you, Mr. President. Since you last held a news conference
    here in the Rose Garden, about a month ago, Republicans across the
    country have seen races that were once safe, tighten, with the tide
    turning, according to several polls, towards the Democrats.
    Understanding that you don't lead by looking at polls----
        The President. Thank you, sir. Thank you. Finally.
        Q. ----as you've said many times, are you still confident
    Republicans will hold the House and the Senate?
        The President. Yes, I am.
        Q. If so, why? And do you believe that the biggest drag on the
    Republican Party is the situation in Iraq?
        The President. I believe that the situation in Iraq is, no question,
    tough on the American psyche, like I said, I think, at this very spot
    last time I faced the press corps. And it's serious business. Look, the
    American people want to know, can we win--that's what they want to
    know--and do we have a plan to win. There are some who say, ``Get out.
    It's not worth it.'' And those are some of the voices, by the way, in
    the Democrat Party. Certainly not all Democrats, but some of the loud
    voices in the party say, ``Get out.''
        And so no question this is an issue, but so is the economy. And I
    believe there'll

    [[Page 1821]]

    be--I still stand by my prediction, we'll have a Republican Speaker and
    a Republican leader of the Senate. And the reason I say that is because
    I believe the two biggest issues in this campaign are, one, the economy.
    And the economy is growing. The national unemployment rate is 4.6
    percent. We've just discovered, as the result of analyzing new data,
    that we added 6.6 million new jobs since August of 2003. Gas prices are
    down. Tax cuts are working.
        And there's a difference of opinion in the campaign about taxes, and
    we will keep them low. Matter of fact, I would like to keep the--make
    the tax cuts we pass permanent. And the Democrats will raise taxes. Now,
    I know they say only on rich people, but that's--in my judgment, having
    been around here long enough to know, it's just code word. They're going
    to raise them on whoever they can raise them on.
        And then on security, the American people know that our biggest job
    is to protect this country from further attack, and--because they know
    there's an enemy that still plots and plans. And there is; there is.
    Recently we learned that, when British intelligence and U.S.
    intelligence--with our help--broke up a plot to get on airplanes and
    blow them up, the planes that were going to fly from Great Britain to
    here. And they want to know--``they,'' the people--want to know what are
    we doing to protect them.
        There have been some votes on the floor of the Senate and the House
    that make it abundantly clear, we just have a different view of the
    world. The vast majority of Democrats voted against a program that would
    enable us to interrogate high-value detainees. That was the vote. It's
    wide open for everybody to see: Should a CIA program go forward or not
    go forward? The vast majority of Democrats in the House voted against a
    program that would have institutionalized the capacity for this
    Government to listen to Al Qaida phone calls or Al Qaida affiliate phone
    calls coming from outside the country to inside the country.
        It's very important for our fellow citizens to recognize that I
    don't question anybody's patriotism, but I do question a strategy that
    says, we can't give those on the frontline of fighting terror the tools
    necessary to fight terror. I believe that in order to defend America, we
    must take a threat seriously and defeat an enemy overseas so we don't
    have to face them here. I don't believe we can wait to respond after
    attack has occurred.
        And so I think these are the two biggest issues, Bret. And Iraq is a
    part of the war on terror. Now, I recognize Democrats say that's not the
    case, and what I say to the American people when I am out there is, all
    you've got to do is listen to what Usama bin Laden says. Don't believe me that it's a part of the war on
    terror; listen to the enemy, or listen to Mr. Zawahiri, the number two of Al Qaida, both of whom made it clear
    that Iraq is central in their plans. And I firmly believe that American
    people understand that this is different from other war because in this
    war, if we were to leave early before the job is done, the enemy will
    follow us here.
        And so I believe, Bret, that we'll maintain control because we're on
    the right side of the economic issue and the security issue.
        Let's see. Yes, sir, Mr. NPR [Don Gonyea, National Public Radio].
    Welcome to the front row. Yes, it's good.

     Democratic Party/2006 Midterm Elections

        Q. Thank you. It's good to be here. Appreciate it. Following up on
    that answer, one of the things Democrats complain about is the way you
    portray their position----
        The President. Oh, really?
        Q. ----in wanting to fight the war on terror. They would say you
    portray it as either they support exactly what you want to do, or they
    want to do nothing. We hear it in some of your speeches. Is it fair

    [[Page 1822]]

    to portray it to the American people that way?
        The President. Well, I think it's fair to use the words of the
    people in Congress or their votes. The vote was on the Hamdan legislation: Do you want to continue a program
    that enabled us to interrogate folks or not? And all I was doing was
    reciting the votes. I would cite my opponent in the 2004 campaign when he said there needs to be a date certain from which
    to withdraw from Iraq. I characterize that as cut-and-run because I
    believe it is cut-and-run. In other words, I've been using either their
    votes or their words to characterize their positions.
        Q. But they don't say ``cut-and-run.''
        The President. Well, they may not use ``cut-and-run,'' but they say
    ``date certain is when to get out,'' before the job is done. That is
    cut-and-run. Nobody has accused me of having a real sophisticated
    vocabulary; I understand that. And maybe their words are more
    sophisticated than mine. But when you pull out before the job is done,
    that's cut-and-run as far as I'm concerned, and that's cut-and-run as
    far as most Americans are concerned. And so, yes, I'm going to continue
    reminding them of their words and their votes.
        Jim [Jim Axelrod, CBS News].

    Iraq Study Group/U.S. Armed Forces in Iraq

        Q. Thank you, Mr. President. My best suit is in the cleaners.
        The President. That's not even a suit.
        Q. I know. [Laughter] You got to give me more time in the morning
    with a news conference.
        The President. I know. You like to wake up about 8:30. [Laughter]
        Q. I want to ask you----
        The President. High-priced news guys.
        Q. Yes, sure.
        The President. Yes. [Laughter]
        Q. I want to ask you a little bit about--I want to follow on the
    criticism that you've received for the suggestions from Senator Warner
    and from James Baker, now Olympia Snowe. This is not exactly the board
    of directors for moveon.org. Do you----
        The President. That's true.
        Q. Do you feel in some way that there is some shift going on in
    terms of the general support for the war in Iraq and your strategy
    specifically? And do you ever feel like the walls are closing in on you
    in terms of support for this?
        The President. [Laughter] Jim, I understand how hard it is, and I
    also understand the stakes. And let me go back to Senator
    Warner. Senator Warner said, ``If the plan
    isn't working, adjust.'' I agree completely. I haven't seen
    Baker's report yet, but one of the
    things I remind you of is that I don't hear those people saying, get out
    before the job is done. They're saying, be flexible. And we are.
        I believe that you empower your generals to make the decisions, the
    recommendations on what we do to win. You can't fight a war from
    Washington. In other words, you can't make the tactical decisions
    necessary to win. It just won't work. And I trust General Casey. I find him to be one of the really competent,
    decent guys.
        Q. But----
        The President. Let me finish, please, for a second. Plus, I couldn't
    hear you, but I saw you talking. Anyway, I think it's--I value his
    judgment. I value his--I know he wants to succeed, and I value his
    objectivity. And he--what's important for the President is when I open
    up that door in there and General Casey
    walks in, he feels confident to tell me what's on his mind, Jim--
    ``Here's what's going right, and here's what's going wrong, and here's
    what we're doing about it.''
        And so for those folks saying, make sure there's flexibility, I
    couldn't agree more with you. And I think the characterization of,
    ``Let's stay the course,'' is about a quarter right. ``Stay the course''
    means, keep doing what you're doing. My attitude is, don't do what
    you're doing if it's not working; change. ``Stay the course'' also
    means,

    [[Page 1823]]

    don't leave before the job is done. And that's--we're going to get the
    job done in Iraq. And it's important that we do get the job done in
    Iraq.
        Defeat in Iraq will embolden an enemy. And I want to repeat to you
    the reality of the world in which we live. If we were to leave before
    the job is done, the enemy is coming after us. And most Americans--back
    to your question, Bret--understand we've got to defeat them there so we
    don't face them here. It's a different kind of war, but nevertheless, it
    is a war.
        Go ahead.

    Insurgency and Terrorist Attacks in Iraq

        Q. I'm just wondering--2 months ago, Prime Minister Maliki was here,
    and you talked about how we had to be nimble and facile in our approach.
    And my question is, are we being nimble and facile in the right way? Is
    what General Casey telling you the most effective advice? Because it
    would seem in the 2 months since Prime Minister Maliki was here, things
    have only gotten more bloody in Iraq.
        The President. No question Ramadan is here; no question we're
    engaging the enemy more than we were before. And by the way, when you
    engage the enemy, it causes there to be more action and more kinetic
    action. And the fundamental question is, do I get good advice from
    Casey? And the answer is, I believe I
    do; I believe I do.
        Please. Sanger [David Sanger, New York Times].

    Diplomatic Efforts With North Korea

        Q. Thank you, Mr. President. You spoke very passionately before
    about acting before it was too late on major issues. You faced one of
    those moments in early 2003. This was when the North Koreans had thrown
    out the international inspectors, said they were going to go ahead and
    turn their fuel into weapons. And you had a moment to tell them that
    they would face serious consequences if they were going to do that. You
    also had what may have been the last moment for any American President
    to destroy their fuel supplies while they were all in one place.
        The President. You mean, bombing them?
        Q. Whatever action you might have needed to take, including military
    action, against the site--the one site at the time where they were
    getting ready----
        The President. I just wanted to clarify. Sorry to interrupt you.
        Q. Yes. And you chose not to. And I was wondering whether in
    retrospect you regret that decision at all, whether or not you think
    that, because of the long history of deception that you pointed out
    before, you should have acted differently?
        The President. I used the moment to continue my desire to convince
    others to become equity partners in the Korean issue--North Korean
    issue, because, David, I obviously look at all options all the time, and
    I felt like the best way to solve this problem would be through a
    diplomacy effort that was renewed and reinvigorated by having China and
    South Korea and Japan and Russia joining us in convincing Kim Jong
    Il there's a better way forward.
        And frankly, I was quite optimistic that we had succeeded last
    September when we had this joint statement, which you adequately
    covered. And yet he walked away from it. He
    decided, well, maybe his word doesn't mean anything.
        And so we will continue to work diplomatically to solve the problem.
    That's what I owe the American people, to come up with a diplomatic
    solution. I also made it clear, and I will repeat, that we have security
    obligations in the region that I reconfirmed to our partners.
        Sir. Washington Post man [Michael Fletcher, Washington Post].

    Situations in Iran and North Korea

        Q. Good morning, Mr. President.
        The President. That would be Mike.

    [[Page 1824]]

        Q. Right. I'd like to follow up on an earlier question about your
    rhetoric on Iran and North Korea.
        The President. Okay.
        Q. You said yesterday in your statement that the North Korean
    nuclear test was unacceptable. Your chief negotiator for the six-party
    talks said last week that North Korea has a choice of either having
    weapons or having a future. When you spoke a month or so ago to the
    American Legion, you talked about Iran and said, ``There must be
    consequences for Iran's defiance, and we must not allow Iran to develop
    a nuclear weapon.'' I am wondering, sir--your administration has issued
    these kinds of warnings pretty regularly over the last 5 years, and yet
    these countries have pursued their nuclear programs. I'm wondering if
    you--what is different about the current set of warnings, and do you
    think the administration and our Government runs a risk of looking
    feckless to the world by issuing these kinds of warnings regularly
    without response from the countries?
        The President. That's a fair question. First of all, I am making it
    clear our policy hasn't changed. It's important for the folks to
    understand that we don't continually shift our goals based upon polls or
    whatever. See, I think clarity of purpose is very important to rally a
    diplomatic effort to solve the problem. And so I try to speak as clearly
    as I can and make sure there's no ambiguity in our position. I also
    found that's a pretty good way to help rally a diplomatic effort that I
    believe will more likely work.
        I know this sounds--I'm just saying it over and over again, but
    it's--rhetoric and actions are all aimed at convincing others that they
    have an equal stake in whether or not these nations have a nuclear
    weapon, because I firmly believe, Mike, that that is the best strategy
    to solve the problem. One has a stronger hand when there's more people
    playing your same cards. It is much easier for a nation to hear what I
    believe are legitimate demands if there's more than one voice speaking.
    And that's why we're doing what we're doing.
        And to answer your question as to whether or not the words will be
    empty, I would suggest that, quite the contrary, that we not only have
    spoken about the goals, but as a result of working together with our
    friends, Iran and North Korea are looking at a different diplomatic
    scenario.
        I thought you were going to ask the question, following up on
    Sanger, how come you don't use military action now? You kind of hinted
    it; you didn't say it. And some wonder that. As a matter of fact, I'm
    asked questions around the country--just go ahead and use the military.
    And my answer is, is that I believe the Commander in Chief must try all
    diplomatic measures before we commit our military. And I believe the
    diplomacy is--we're making progress when we've got others at the table.
        I'll ask myself a followup. If that's the case, why did you use
    military action in Iraq? And the reason why is because we tried the
    diplomacy. Matter of fact, we tried resolution after resolution after
    resolution. All these situations are--each of them different and require
    a different response, a different effort to try to solve this
    peacefully. And we'll continue to do so.
        The inability to convince people to move forward speaks volumes
    about them. It ought to say to all the world that we're dealing with
    people that maybe don't want peace--which, in my judgment, in order for
    there to be peace, requires an international response. It says volumes
    about a person who signs an agreement with one administration and signs
    an agreement or speaks about an agreement with another administration
    and doesn't honor the agreement. It points up the fact that these are
    dangerous regimes and requires an international effort to work in
    concert.
        Roger [Roger Runningen, Bloomberg News].

    [[Page 1825]]

    Six-Party Talks With North Korea

        Q. Thank you. I'd like to turn back to North Korea for a bit. You've
    said that bilateral talks didn't work. Secretary Baker has said that
    maybe they should be considered, maybe at some point under certain
    conditions. Are you prepared now to just take the possibility of one-
    one-one talks with North Korea off the table?
        The President. I'm saying as loud as I can and as clear as I can
    that there is a better way forward for North Korea, and that we will
    work within the context of the six-party talks.
        People say, ``You don't talk to North Korea.'' We had a
    representative, a United States representative at the table in the six-party talks. The North Korean
    leader knows our position. It's easy to understand our position: There
    is a better way forward for his Government. And people need to review
    the September '05 document, the joint statement that talked about
    economics, and we won't attack North Korea. We agreed that we shouldn't
    have nuclear weapons on the peninsula. I mean, there is a way forward
    for the leader in North Korea to choose. We've made our choice, and so
    has China, South Korea, Japan, and Russia. And that's what's changed.
        I also am deeply concerned about the lives of the citizens in that
    country. I mean there's--and that's why I named a envoy, Jay
    Lefkowitz, to talk about the human
    condition inside of North Korea. And the reason we did that is we care
    about how people live. We care about people starving. We care about the
    fact that there are large concentration camps.
        You know, one of the most meaningful moments of my Presidency came
    when a Japanese mother came to the Oval Office
    to talk about what it was like to have her daughter kidnaped by North Korea. You can imagine what that was
    like. It broke my heart, and it should break everybody's heart. But it
    speaks to the nature of the regime. And therefore, we--I am convinced
    that to solve this diplomatically requires more than just America's
    voice.
        Let's see here. Mark [Mark Silva, Chicago Tribune].

    Former Representative Mark Foley/2006 Midterm
    Elections

        Q. Thank you, Mr. President.
        The President. Yes.
        Q. Mr. President, with growing numbers of House Members and staffers
    saying that they knew of and told others about a problem with Mark Foley
    some years ago, has House Speaker Hastert lost touch within his own
    ranks, and has the scandal damaged Hastert's credibility and
    effectiveness in maintaining party control in the midterm elections?
        The President. No, I think the Speaker's strong statements have made it clear to not only the
    party members but to the country that he wants to find out the facts.
    All of us want to find out the facts. I mean, this is disgusting
    behavior when a Member of Congress betrays the trust of the Congress and
    a family that sent a young page up to serve in the Congress. And I
    appreciated Speaker Hastert's strong declaration of his desire to get to
    the bottom of it. And we want to make sure we understand what
    Republicans knew and what Democrats knew, in order to find the facts.
    And I hope that happens sooner rather than later.
        Q. And his credibility, sir----
        The President. Oh, Denny is very
    credible, as far as I'm concerned. And he's done a fine job as Speaker,
    and when he stands up and says, ``I want to know the truth''--I believe
    yesterday he said that if somebody on his staff didn't tell him the
    truth, they're gone; I respect that and appreciate that and believe him.
    And--no, I think the elections will be decided by security and the
    economy. I really do, Mark. I know this is--this Foley issue bothered a
    lot of people, including me. But I think when they get in that booth,
    they're going to be thinking about how best to secure the country

    [[Page 1826]]

    from attack and how best to keep the economy growing.
        I think the last time I was out here with you, I reminded you that I
    understand that the economy is always a salient issue in campaigns.
    We've had some experience with that in my family, I think I said. I
    still believe the economy is an important issue, and I believe on this
    issue there is a huge difference of opinion.
        The other day, by the way, Don, I did bring up the words of the
    leader of the House when she said, ``I love tax
    cuts.'' And then I reminded everybody that if she loved them so much,
    how come she voted against a lot of tax cuts? In other words, again,
    back to your question about whether it's fair to use people's words--I
    think to say, I love tax cuts, and then vote against tax cuts it's
    just--it's worthy--it's just worthy of people's consideration in the
    political process--I believe taxes are a big issue in the campaign,
    Mark.
        And I know how--I know that--how best to protect the country is a
    big issue, a really big issue. And there's a kind of law enforcement
    mentality that says, ``Well, we'll respond after attack.'' It's not
    going to work. It's just not going to work. We've got to deal with these
    problems before they come to--before they come to our territory.
        I understand that some are saying, ``Well, he's just trying to scare
    us.'' My job is to look at the intelligence and to--and I'm going to
    tell you, there's an enemy out there that would like to do harm again to
    the United States, because we're in a war. And they have objectives.
    They want to drive us out of parts of the world to establish a
    caliphate. It's what they have told us, and it's essential that we
    listen to the words of the enemy if we want to protect the American
    people.
        And in this debate about which party can handle it better, I will--
    it's very important that no one question the patriotism or the loyalty
    to the country. There is a different mindset, however, that is worth
    discussing in the course of a campaign. And I'm going to continue to do
    it. And I believe those two issues will be the issues that drive the
    election.
        April [April Ryan, American Urban Radio Networks].

    Diplomatic Efforts With North Korea/Nuclear Weapons Development

        Q. Thank you, sir. Mr. President, some in the national security
    community are wondering if, indeed, you're ready to live with a nuclear
    North Korea?
        The President. No.
        Q. Well, they're saying that that is a possibility.
        The President. Well, they're wrong.
        Q. Well, can I give you----
        The President. Well, it was a short question and a short answer.
    [Laughter]
        Q. One, China is not ready to put teeth behind sanctions--enough
    teeth to really threaten the regime. And also, economic sanctions have
    limited effect on North Korea.
        The President. We got to try it diplomatically first, April. And
    this is back to old Michael's question about, am I serious about saying
    what I mean? It's why I say what I say, because some people are
    beginning to wonder whether or not it's the goal. The goal is no nuclear
    weapon. And again, I think I've shared with you my views of diplomacy.
    Diplomacy is--it's a difficult process because everybody's interests
    aren't exactly the same. We share the same goal, but sometimes the
    internal issues are different from ours. And therefore, it takes a while
    to get people on the same page, and it takes a while for people to get
    used to consequences.
        And so I wouldn't necessarily characterize these countries'
    positions as locked-in positions. We're constantly dialoging with them
    to make sure that there is a common effort to send a clear message.
        And the other part of your question was?
        Q. And the followup, yes. Military options, there are a menu of
    options the

    [[Page 1827]]

    White House is saying. Once diplomacy has run its course and you've run
    through your timetable, what about military options against North Korea?
        The President. Well, diplomacy hasn't run its course. That's what
    I'm trying to explain to you a la the Sanger question. And we'll
    continue working to make sure that we give diplomacy a full opportunity
    to succeed.
        Yes, David [David Gregory, NBC News].

    Retrospective Analysis of Iraq

        Q. Thank you, Mr. President. You spoke of the troubles in Iraq. And
    as you know, we have Woodward [Bob Woodward, Washington Post] and we
    have a shelf full of books about Iraq, and many of them claim that
    administration policies contributed to the difficulties there. So I'm
    wondering, is there anything you wish you would have done differently
    with regard to Iraq?
        The President. Speaking about books, somebody ought to add up the
    number of pages that have been written about my administration. There's
    a lot of books out there. A lot. I don't know if I've set the record or
    not, but I guess it means that I've made some hard decisions and will
    continue to make hard decisions.
        And, David, this is the--this is about the fifth time I've been
    asked this type of question. And as you know, there are some things that
    I wish had happened differently: Abu Ghraib. I believe that really hurt
    us. It hurt us internationally. It kind of eased us off the moral high
    ground. In other words, we weren't a country that was capable of, on the
    one hand, promoting democracy, and then treating people decently. Now
    the world has seen that we've held those to account who are--who did
    this.
        You know, there's just a lot of look-backs. Presidents don't get to
    look back, but I will tell you, the decision to remove Saddam was the right decision. And I would look forward to
    the debate where people debate whether or not Saddam should still be in
    power.
        As you know, a leader in the Senate Intel Committee on, I think it was CBS News, Axelrod, I'm
    not sure--you follow your news closely; you can verify this--said that
    the world would be better if Saddam were in
    power. I strongly disagree. So when it comes to that decision, which is
    a decision to cause a lot of people to write books, it's the right
    decision.
        And now the fundamental question is, will this country help this
    young democracy succeed? And the answer is, we will. We'll change
    tactics when we need to change tactics to help this young democracy
    succeed. But the stakes are high if we were to leave. It means that we
    would hand over a part of the region to extremists and radicals who
    would glorify a victory over the United States and use it to become--use
    it to recruit. It would give these people a chance to plot and plan and
    attack. It would give them resources from which to continue their
    efforts to spread their caliphate. The stakes are really high.
        Joe [Joseph Curl, Washington Times].

    Immigration Reform

        Q. Thank you. On a different topic, you've said you will sign the
    border fence bill to build 700 miles of fence along the U.S. border, but
    DHS has said it prefers a virtual fence of sensors and cameras rather
    than an actual wall. Are you committed to building the 700 miles of
    fence, actual fencing?
        The President. Yes, we're going to do both, Joe. We're just going to
    make sure that we build it in a spot where it works. I don't--DHS said
    they want a virtual wall. I don't believe that's the only thing they've
    said. I think you might have truncated their statement, because we're
    actually building fence, and we're building double fence, in particular,
    in areas where there is a high vulnerability for people being able to
    sneak in.

    [[Page 1828]]

        You can't fence the entire border, but what you can do is you can
    use a combination of fencing and technology to make it easier for the
    Border Patrol to enforce our border. I happen to believe, however, that
    in order to make sure the border is fully secure, we need a guest-worker
    program, so people aren't sneaking in in the first place.
        And so I look forward to not only implementing that which Congress
    has funded, in a way that says to folks, the American people, ``We'll
    enforce our border,'' but I'm going to continue to campaign and work for
    a comprehensive bill so that whatever we do in terms of equipment and
    manpower works better. If somebody is not trying to sneak in to work, in
    other words, coming through in a way where they're showing a temporary-
    worker pass, where they're not using coyotes to smuggle across, where
    they're not going through tunnels, it's going to make it much easier for
    us to do our job, Joe, and that's enforce the border.
        And so my judgment is, if the people want this country secure, we've
    got to do--have a smart border, which we're in the process of developing
    now. It's a combination of fencing and technologies--UAVs, sensors. I
    don't know if you've ever been down there, but it's a pretty vast part
    of country down there. It's hard to enforce that border. You've got some
    rugged country; you've got stretches of territory where you don't even
    know where the border is. You've got urban areas like El Paso or
    southern California where people have been able to sneak in by use of
    urban corridors. And so therefore, fencing makes sense there.
        I went down to Arizona, the Arizona sector, and saw a place where
    there's literally neighborhoods abutting the border, and people come--
    100 of them would rush across the border into a little subdivision, and
    the Border Patrol would catch 2 or 3, and 97 would get in. And they're
    asking, what are you going to provide to help us do our job? And in this
    case, those who are in charge of coming up with the proper strategy to
    enforce the border said, ``We need double fencing with space,'' so that
    the Border Patrol can use that fencing as leverage against people
    rushing into the country.
        And my only point to you is, is that the strategy to develop this
    border requires different assets based on the conditions--based upon
    what the terrain looks like. And that's what we're doing.
        But I repeat to you: When you've got a situation where people are
    sneaking in to do jobs Americans aren't doing, it's also going to keep a
    strain on the border. And so therefore, a temporary-worker plan, to me,
    makes sense, and it's a much more humane program--approach, by the way.
    It will certainly help stamp out all these illegal characters that are
    exploiting human beings. You know, these coyotes that stuff people in
    the back of 18-wheelers for money is just--that's not in character with
    how this Nation works. And I think we ought to--I think a good program
    that helps us enforce our border also will see to it that people are
    treated more humanely.
        Thank you for your interest.

    Note: The President's news conference began at 11:01 a.m. in the Rose
    Garden at the White House. In his remarks, he referred to Gen. George W.
    Casey, Jr., USA, commanding general, Multi-National Force--Iraq;
    Chairman Kim Jong Il of North Korea; President Hu Jintao of China;
    President Roh Moo-hyun of South Korea; James A. Baker III and Lee H.
    Hamilton, cochairs, Iraq Study Group; Usama bin Laden, leader of the Al
    Qaida terrorist organization; and Sakie Yokota, mother of Megumi Yokota,
    who was kidnaped by North Korean authorities.

    [[Page 1829]]