    [Public Papers of the Presidents of the United States: George W. Bush (2006, Book II)]
    [November 20, 2006]
    [Pages 2107-2112]
    [From the U.S. Government Publishing Office www.gpo.gov]

    Remarks Following a Meeting With President Susilo Bambang
    Yudhoyono of Indonesia and an
    Exchange With Reporters in Bogor
    November 20, 2006

         President Yudhoyono. Your Excellency, President Bush, members of
    the press, allow me to speak in Bahasa Indonesia.

    [At this point, President Yudhoyono continued his remarks in Bahasa
    Indonesia, and they were translated by an interpreter as follows.]

         President Yudhoyono. Ladies and gentlemen, today we have received a
    visit of President Bush, who has come here to increase our cooperation
    and friendship between Indonesia and the United States. And we just
    discussed a number of agenda in order to improve--increase our
    relations.
         In the bilateral meeting, I expressed my thanks for the cooperation
    and assistance given by the United States to Indonesia in the field of
    economics, investment, trade, education, health, technology, military,
    and so on. I also expressed thanks for the U.S. assistance, and also
    other countries, during the Aceh tsunami and also, more recently, during
    the earthquake in Yogyakarta and central Java, which shows solidarity
    and cooperation between the two countries.
         After that, we discussed in detail a number of cooperation in our
    agenda. We discussed health cooperation, especially on how to fight
    avian flu and other infectious diseases, which are found in the tropical
    areas, especially in Indonesia.
         On education, we already have a good cooperation, and we will
    continue this cooperation and hope this cooperation will be continued
    between Indonesia and the U.S. as part of our educational agenda.
         We also discussed energy, and we spent time discussing bioenergy
    fuels. And I'm glad that President Bush has said that he would share
    technology in other matters relating to development of alternative
    energy.
         Lastly, we discussed how to deal with natural disasters, especially
    on how to build an early warning system in Indonesia. I expressed my
    appreciation to the assistance given by the United States Government,
    and we also cooperate also with other countries on building this early
    warning system.
         We also discussed a number of international issues, global issues,
    such as the situation in the Middle East, the situation in North Korea,
    Iraq, and also Palestine. And of course, we agree on the need to find a
    solution to these issues.
         After the discussions, we had a meeting with civic leaders, and we
    discussed all the things that we discussed earlier in the bilateral
    meeting, especially on how to improve the quality of life and how to
    make Indonesia-U.S. partnership--contribute to improving this quality of
    life.
         The discussions were open, frank, constructive, sometimes critical,
    and what is important is that we tried to discuss cooperation on how to
    make Indonesia-U.S. relations touch on the lives of our people.
         President Bush. Mr. President, thank you very much. Thanks for the
    invitation to come back to your beautiful country. Laura and I are thrilled to be here, and we're looking
    forward to our dinner tonight with you and your wife and your delegation. You

    [[Page 2108]]

    lead a large and diverse nation with a very bright future.
        During my visit here, we're going to continue to work to build a
    relationship between our two nations that will last beyond the
    immediate. It's a relationship that should last for decades to come.
    It's important to our nation that we have good, strong relations with
    Indonesia.
         We've just come from the APEC summit in Vietnam, and the people of
    Indonesia should know that when their elected leader speaks, other
    leaders listen, as do I. Mr. President, you're well-respected in the
    international community, and I appreciate your perspective on global and
    international issues, and thank you for sharing them with me again
    today.
         This afternoon we also discussed bilateral initiatives that will
    expand opportunity for the people of Indonesia and, at the same time,
    deepen our partnership. We support your country's reform efforts, Mr.
    President. I thank you for your leadership on that important issue. The
    Indonesian President understands that economic reform and fighting
    corruption and investing in people will help this important nation
    succeed.
         We are committed to helping you on all these initiatives. Last
    week, we signed a $55 million Millennium Challenge Account threshold
    agreement. This agreement means that the American people will support
    Indonesia's efforts to reform its democratic institutions and strengthen
    governance. We would not have made this commitment, Mr. President, if
    you were, yourself, not committed to reform.
         The agreement is going to help fund your strategy to immunize your
    children against deadly diseases. We support your attempts to modernize
    your education system. We have pledged and provided over $150 million to
    the Indonesian Government to help provide the tools that will give the
    next generation of Indonesians the chance to realize their enormous
    potential. One thousand schools spread across eight Provinces in
    Indonesia are now benefiting from our education partnership. And as I
    told you in our meeting, we will continue to help.
         Our two nations continue to build strong trade and investment
    relationships. We're determined to grow our economies in a way that are
    sustainable. Last week, we signed an agreement to help Indonesia
    conserve its forests. Together our nations will fight illegal logging
    while promoting trade in forest products that does not threaten the
    region's environmental quality.
         Our two nations recognize we must explore alternatives to fossil
    fuels. The President and I have spent quite a bit of time talking about
    this important issue. The people of Indonesia have got to know that, for
    national security purposes and for economic security purposes, America
    must spend research money to enable us to have alternative sources of
    energy from oil.
         I told the President that I am committed to sharing technologies as
    they become developed to help us all become less dependent on oil. And I
    appreciate your commitment, sir, to biofuels as an alternative source of
    energy.
         We talked about avian influenza. In this world of ours today, if
    there's an influenza outbreak in Vietnam, it could affect Indonesia or
    the people of America. And therefore, we need to work in a collaborative
    way to deal with this grave threat. We'll continue to fund our
    partnership on this issue, Mr. President, as well as our partnership to
    protect public health in Indonesia.
         We support Indonesia's growing global role. Indonesia will soon
    take a seat on the United Nations Security Council. We discussed threats
    to global security and how together our two nations can help provide a
    peaceful way forward.
         We discussed North Korea, and we discussed Iran. Both regimes have
    nuclear ambitions. Nuclear weapons in the hands of these regimes would
    make the people of the Middle East and Northeast Asia less secure. The
    President and I discussed how the International Atomic Energy Agency

    [[Page 2109]]

    and the six-party talks provide the best opportunity to seek peaceful,
    diplomatic solutions to our concerns about these weapons programs.
         The United Nations requires reform to become a more effective
    institution, and I know that Indonesia will be a strong voice for
    positive change in the United Nations. And we look forward to having you
    on the Security Council.
         The American people and the Indonesian people have both suffered
    from the acts of violent extremists. Our nations are determined to take
    effective action against terror networks that plot new attacks against
    innocent people. Indonesia is an example of how democracy and
    modernization can provide an alternative to extremism. And we appreciate
    your leadership, Mr. President. Your democracy is making Indonesia
    strong and better able to play a positive role in Southeast Asia and the
    world. Our talks today have been very constructive. I appreciate your
    hospitality. And I presume we'll take some questions.
         President Yudhoyono. Thank you very much, Mr. President.

    Democracy in Indonesia

        Q. I would like to ask you--as you mentioned before, Indonesia now
    is growing toward democratization, and how do you think the process of
    democratization in Indonesia--the progress of democratization is going?
    And I have a second question.
         President Bush. How many do you get to ask here in Indonesia?
        Q. Excuse me?
         President Bush. How many questions do you get to ask? [Laughter]
    Keep firing away. You're just setting a bad example for the American
    press corps. [Laughter]
        Q. Well, lots of Indonesians think that you have a hidden agenda
    going here----
         President Bush. Oh, yes?
        Q. ----such as securing your Exxon deal in Natuna. And what is your
    comment on that?
         President Bush. Well, we didn't discuss it.
        Q. [Inaudible]
         President Bush. No, we did not discuss it. You asked about
    Indonesian democracy--here's living proof right here. He ran a campaign;
    he said, ``Vote for me; I will do the following things''; he's following
    through on his promises. The elections were open; the elections were
    clean; the elections were fair. And you elected a good President, who is
    working hard to--in a tough job. And I don't think the American people
    understand how big Indonesia is--17,000 islands, 6,000 of them
    inhabited, with a variety of demographics. The President kindly hosted a
    meeting today with civil society leaders, which points up to the
    diversity of this great nation--different religions, different
    backgrounds, different people, all united under a democratic--under a
    democracy.
         And so I would say, your progress is very good. But we all have
    work to do in our respective democracies. Our transition to democracy
    wasn't all that smooth in America. If you study American history, we had
    some rough go for a while. And it's hard work to make sure the
    institutions are sound so that people can live in a free society that's
    based upon the rule of law. But the President is committed to it, and
    he's working hard to it, and I would say you're making good progress.
         Terry Hunt [Terence Hunt, Associated Press]--go ahead and yell it.

    U.S. Troops in Iraq

        Q. Mr. President----
         President Bush. Oops, don't yell it. [Laughter]
        Q. Mr. President, you've talked about the dangers of leaving Iraq
    too soon, but you haven't talked about what risks might be involved in
    adding tens of thousands of troops to secure Baghdad, as Senator McCain
    has suggested. What are the downsides, if any, to that approach?

    [[Page 2110]]

         And I'd like to ask the President of Indonesia, what suggestions
    did you make to President Bush about his Iraq policy?
         President Bush. Terry, we haven't made up--I haven't made any
    decisions about troop increases or troop decreases, and won't until I
    hear from a variety of sources, including our own United States
    military. As you know, General Pace, who is the
    Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, is in the process of evaluating a
    lot of suggestions from the field and from people involved with the
    Central Command as well as at the Pentagon. And they will be bringing
    forth the suggestions and recommendations to me here as quickly as
    possible.
         But--so I haven't--there's no need to comment on something that may
    not happen. But if it were to happen, I will tell you the upsides and
    downside.
         President Yudhoyono. My view on how could we work together at
    ending conflict in Iraq or in finding a proper and realistic solution
    for Iraq is that global community must be also responsible in solving
    the problems in Iraq. Talking about long-term state-building, nation-
    building in Iraq, I think it's not only the responsibility of the
    missions of the United States and other countries who are now involved
    in Iraq but, of course, is the roles and responsibility of other nations
    as well--other communities as well.
         Indonesia believes very strongly, if we could work together, if we
    share and exchange of ideas, then there must be a proper and realistic
    solution in the long term in finding, again, a proper solution for Iraq
    that's good for Iraq, good for neighboring countries, good for the U.S.,
    good for Indonesia, and good for all communities in the world.

    Alternative Fuel Sources/Indonesia

        Q. I would like to ask Mr. President Bush--President Bush--
    investment and trade relations between the United States and Indonesia
    is strong, and in energy sector, the United States is a longstanding
    partner of Indonesia. As you probably know, Indonesia is currently
    developing alternative energy, mainly biofuel. Are you willing to
    cooperate in this area? And can the United States share its technology
    with Indonesia and, for the example, trading biofuels. Thank you.
         President Bush. Yes, thanks. I'm very supportive of biofuel
    initiatives, starting in our own country. It's important for us to
    develop alternative ways to power our vehicles if we want to become less
    dependent on oil. And so for example, we're now consuming about 5
    billion gallons of ethanol, which is a fuel made, in our case, from
    corn. The President and I spent a fair amount of time talking about the
    ability to develop biofuels, particularly in Indonesia's case, from
    sugar cane as well as palm oil. And the technologies are available to
    convert sugar into ethanol. For example, the country of Brazil powers
    its automobiles with about 85 percent of all fuels from ethanol from
    sugar cane.
         The other interesting fact for people to understand is that the
    technology to have a gasoline-driven automobile be powered by ethanol is
    very simple. It's what's called flex-fuel automobiles. And so there's--
    we're on the beginning stages of really a change in how we consume
    energy. And it's in the world's interest that we promote biofuels.
         Where the United States needs to go though, is that we can't rely
    upon corn only to develop our ethanols. And so we're spending a lot of
    money on cellulosic research, and that is the ability to convert wood
    chips, for example, to ethanol. And as those technologies become
    feasible and economic, we will share them with other countries. It's in
    our interests, it's in the U.S. interest that others use biofuel, as
    well as our own.
         And so I'm optimistic about the technologies that are developing.
    I'm also realistic to understand it's going to take a while to get
    them--to bring them to the--to make them economic. But we're spending

    [[Page 2111]]

    a lot of money on this type of research. And the President needs to know
    that as it becomes commercially capable, we'll share it.
         Matt [Matt Spetalnick, Reuters].

    U.S. Foreign Policy

        Q. President Bush.
         President Bush. Yes, Matt.
        Q. Here in the world's most populous Muslim nation, thousands have
    demonstrated for days, saying that your policy in the Middle East and
    Iraq and elsewhere is anti-Islamic. How do you fight that impression?
    And doesn't it require more than just a reassertion of your existing
    foreign policy goals?
         And for President Yudhoyono, did you, in your talks with President
    Bush, urge him to begin a withdrawal of U.S. forces from Iraq as soon as
    possible?
         President Bush. I mean, I'll be glad to answer it for him: No, he
    didn't. But he can answer it for himself. [Laughter]
         Look, I applaud a society where people are free to come and express
    their opinion. And it's to Indonesia's credit that it's a society where
    people are able to protest and say what they think. And it's not the
    first time, by the way, where people have showed up and expressed their
    opinion about my policies. But that's what happens when you make hard
    decisions.
         My answer to people about whether or not--how do you comfort people
    of the Muslim faith that our policies are open, is that I believe
    freedom is universal and democracy is universal. I don't believe it's
    the sole right of the United States or the sole right of Methodists. I
    believe in the universality of freedom. And therefore--and I believe
    people desire to live in free societies, and I believe the vast majority
    of people want to live in moderation and not have extremists kill
    innocent people.
         And so therefore, our policies are to promote that kind of form of
    government. It's not going to look like America; it's going to be
    different from America. And I also would tell people that democracies
    yield peace. Democracies don't fight each other. One of the reasons why
    I am proud to call this President friend is because he understands the
    power of democracy, and he understands it's a universal right.
         And so therefore, to say spreading democracy is antireligious--it's
    the opposite of that. Democracy means you can worship any way you
    choose, freely. And so, look, people protest; that's a good sign. It's a
    good sign of a healthy society.
         President Yudhoyono. Well, to elaborate my first view on Iraq, I
    would like to say that probably we have to think about developing a
    triple-track solution. One is really important is having national
    reconciliation in Iraq, together with the empowerment of the existing
    national Government is very important, so Iraq can handle her own
    problem.
         Second is, of course, we have to involve other parties. We have to
    probably deploy and employ new setup of security forces in parallel with
    some day, this on a proper timetable, the disengagement of U.S. military
    forces and other coalition forces from Iraq.
         And of course, the third track is also not to be neglected, is how
    do the international community work together in conducting
    reconstruction and rehabilitation of Iraq after the conflict.
         So I think we have to combine all those three solutions before,
    actually, the United States can determine what the possible policies to
    be developed in the future related to the withdrawal or disengagement of
    the U.S. forces from Iraq.
        Q. So do you believe--[inaudible]--U.S. forces should remain in Iraq
    then?
         President Yudhoyono. I think I have explained my view on those
    three tracks of solution. And the future disengagement of U.S. forces
    from Iraq must be connected to the other two that I have mentioned
    already.
         Thank you.

    [[Page 2112]]

    Note: The President spoke at approximately 6:45 p.m. at Bogor Palace. In
    his remarks, he referred to Kristiani Herawati, wife of President
    Yudhoyono. President Yudhoyono spoke partly in Bahasa Indonesia, and
    those portions of his remarks were translated by an interpreter.