[Public Papers of the Presidents of the United States: George W. Bush (2005, Book II)]
[November 8, 2005]
[Pages 1674-1681]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office www.gpo.gov]



Interview With Foreign Print Journalists
November 8, 2005

    The President. First I'm going to make just kind of some general 
remarks, and then will be glad to answer some questions for a while.
    First, I'm really looking forward to my trip. I'll be having 
meetings with the leaders of Japan, 
China, South Korea, and 
Mongolia, and then, of course, will 
attend the APEC meeting as well as meeting with ASEAN countries. So this 
is a chance for me to continue to talk about the war on terror, the need 
for all of us to work to spread freedom.
    I go representing the people of this country, obviously. I go to 
represent the workers, as I remind our partners in the Far East that 
trade must be not only free but fair. I go to represent the business 
people, in reminding people that there must be a strong focus on 
intellectual property rights throughout the world. I go to represent 
people who believe that we ought to be working together, like I believe, 
at the WTO, the Doha round, to advance the round, to see if we can't--I 
spent time doing that my recent trip in Latin America; I will continue 
that message of working toward a successful Doha round.

    And so this will be a good opportunity to explain to our partners 
that a successful round in Doha will be good for our respective 
countries, our workers, our farmers, our business people. But it will 
also help us work together to alleviate poverty. So I've been really 
looking forward to the trip.

    One other aspect of the trip that is important to me, and I know--
we'll continue our dialog on avian flu, a potential pandemic, and how we 
can work together to detect and keep the folks informed about the 
possible outbreak of avian flu, how to isolate the flu--the virus, if 
it's detected, and what we can do together. This will be an important 
way to continue to advance this issue. I've spoken to the President of

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China about this issue, for example, and I'm going 
to bring it up again.
    We've got a lot of issues on the table, and so this is an--this will 
be a chance to continue to advance those issues. Relations are strong in 
the Far East. U.S. relations with Japan and South Korea and China and 
Mongolia are excellent. We don't always agree on every issue, but they 
are very strong. And this is a chance to continue to advance those 
relationships.
    And so with that, we'll start with you, Mr. Nishimura.

Japan-U.S. Relations

    Yoichi Nishimura. Thank you, sir, Mr. President. The United States 
and Japan recently signed a document on the transformation of U.S.-Japan 
alliance, and the realignment of U.S. and Japanese forces in Japan. But 
there is a strong local opposition to some of these plans. For example, 
the local government in Okinawa has called this relocation of Futenma 
Marine Air Corps--Air Station unacceptable. Since these plans for 
relocation have implication for a broader transformation plan of your 
country, how will you overcome this local, strong opposition to the 
implementation of the agreement, and more generally, what would you like 
to achieve in the Asia-Pacific region through the strengthening of the 
U.S.-Japan alliance?
    The President. The fact that we reached an agreement on troop 
realignment shows the maturity of our relationship. As you know, the 
agreement that has been reached was done so in good faith between the 
U.S. Government and the Japanese Government. It's an agreement that was 
not easy to bring to conclusion, but yet, nevertheless, because our 
relationship is strong and vital, we're able to do so.
    In a democracy, it's hard--first of all, it's hard to satisfy all 
the people all the time. And so--I'm aware that there is a discontent 
with the agreement expressed by the folks--some of the folks on Okinawa 
toward the Government--the Japanese Government that negotiated the deal. 
My attitude is and my message to the good people in Okinawa is: This is 
a good-faith effort. We tried to reach an accord that accommodated a lot 
of interests. And it's a positive development.
    Secondly, the relationship--it shows the--how strong we are, as an 
alliance, as a friendship. This has been a difficult issue, and in that 
it got resolved, it should be a sign to people on both sides of this 
issue that there is a cordial, frank, relationship that was able to deal 
with this sensitive subject.
    U.S.-Japan relations are important for our respective countries. 
We're trading partners; we're partners in peace. And I want to 
congratulate and thank the people of Japan for helping the people of 
Iraq establish a democracy. We worked in strong collaboration on a 
variety of issues, whether it be helping Afghanistan or whether it be to 
tackle disease around the world.
    So this is a healthy relationship, and it's good for peace, and it's 
good for prosperity of our peoples.
    Mr. Heo.

South Korea-U.S. Relations

    Yongbom Heo. Yes, Mr. President. I'd like to also ask about the 
relationship between United States and South Korea. Do you have any 
specific plans for the strengthening of the alliance, and to improve the 
relationship between the United States and South Korea? In that context, 
what do you also think of the growing anti-American sentiments in South 
Korea?
    The President. Well, first of all, the trip will help strengthen the 
alliance. Any time I can sit down with a leader and discuss common 
opportunities and common problems, that strengthens the relationship. 
Secondly, we have shown the people in South Korea that we're able to, 
again, deal with the complex issue of military bases in a way that is 
thoughtful and sensitive.
    As you know, we're realigning our forces and realigning our bases. 
The Government

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is a duly elected Government of the people. It tends to reflect the 
will--they reflect the will of the people and this relationship, and the 
realigning of the forces reflects the will of the people. And it's being 
done in a respectful way. That should strengthen the relationship.
    As well, I want to congratulate the Government and thank the 
Government of South Korea for the support in democracy in Iraq. People 
there--the Government there has helped the people in Iraq see a way 
forward by providing security forces there. I appreciate that very much.
    Ours is a very important relationship, and it is one that--one that 
is able to accomplish important things, such as working together to make 
sure that we have fair trade. And I'll bring that up, of course, with 
the President. We don't have a free trade agreement yet with South 
Korea, but nevertheless, we've got a lot of trade with South Korea, and 
we want it to be mutually beneficial. And the more beneficial trade is 
between our countries, the deeper our ties become.
    I don't study public opinion polls in South Korea, so I don't know 
the basis for the last part of your question. But I mean, I made some 
difficult decisions, and I understand not everybody agrees with them. 
But one of the things I hope people do agree with in South Korea is that 
the United States--they've got a strong friend in the United States. 
We've been a friend for a long period of time, and we'll remain a 
friend.
    Mr. Wang.

China-U.S. Relations

    Faen Wang. Thank you, Mr. President. You are going to visit China 
for a third time since 2001. As we know, the relationship between two 
countries have made considerable headway since you took office. Now it's 
your second term in office. How do you assess the relations between 
China and the United States at this moment? And how do you anticipate 
relations in the coming years?
    The President. I would say my personal relationship with President 
Hu is very good. I would say relations between the 
United States is mixed--or between China and the United States is mixed. 
On the one hand, we have got increasing trade and dialog and 
cooperation. On the other hand, there is still work to be done on 
intellectual property rights, for example, or currency or market access.
    And so ours is a complex and important relationship. And I look 
forward to visiting once again with the President 
and talking to him about these very vital issues. I was very pleased the 
last time we met in New York that he openly stated that we need--that 
China will work hard on having intellectual property rights. And this is 
not just an issue between the United States and China. It's really an 
issue that when China cracks down and enforces intellectual property 
rights laws, that it will be good for China's standing in the world. 
People really don't want to do business in a country if they think their 
products is going to be--if the patents will be copied.
    And so I appreciate the President's strong 
statement on intellectual property rights, and it will be a chance to 
continue to talk about intellectual property rights.
    I appreciate the Government's position on currency as they begin--
the beginnings of a market-based currency. And that was a strong step 
forward. I will remind him that this Government 
believes they should continue to advance toward market-based evaluation 
of their currency, for the sake of the world, not just for the sake of 
bilateral relations.
    There's a--I want to tell him that there's a--
that we--again, what we've discussed in the past, that there's--the 
trade balance between China and the United States is bothersome to 
people here and that we've got to address the trade balance. And one way 
to do so is for there to be market access

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for U.S. products, continued market access for U.S. products.
    So we've got an important relationship, and it's a good 
relationship. But it's one in which I will continue to bring the--our 
concerns to the Chinese Government.
    Another round.

China-Japan-Korea Relations

    Mr. Nishimura. Okay, Mr. President, thank you. It seems the 
relationship between Japan and China is currently at an all-time low. We 
have heard criticism, concern voiced by China about Prime Minister 
Koizumi's recent visit to Yasukuni Shrine. This is, Mr. President, 
historically, a sensitive issue between the two countries. As poor 
relations between Japan and China have a significant impact on U.S. 
national interests in Asia, I suppose, what can the United States do to 
address the worsening relationship between the two countries--I mean, 
Japan and China--and how would you like to rebuild U.S., Japan, and 
China relations as a part of your comprehensive diplomacy towards Asia?
    The President. What I can do is to urge the leaders of not only 
China and Japan to dialog and to try to get the past behind them as we 
move forward but also to do the same with the South Korean leader. I think the issue that you described goes beyond 
just Japanese-Chinese relationships; it's probably Japanese-South Korean 
relationships as well. And my point to not only the Prime Minister of 
Japan but to the respective Presidents is 
that, look, I understand that there is great tension as a result of some 
events that took place in the past. But the United States and China--I 
mean, the United States and Japan at one time were sworn enemies. And 
now here we are sitting down as friends. In other words, it's possible 
to forget the past. It's difficult, but it is possible.
    So I think a useful role for me will be to paint a--talk about the 
future and talk about how optimistic the future can be, particularly as 
nations are able to work out past differences and focus on what's--and 
focus on the future. No question that there's tension. On the other 
hand, if you look at capital flows between Japan and China, there is a 
significant amount of investment taking place, which indicates to me 
that there is a possibility for the relations to improve over time. In 
other words, not all aspects of the relationship is negative.
    Mr. Heo.

North Korea

    Mr. Heo. Thank you, Mr. President.
    The President. You probably were going to ask the same question, 
weren't you? [Laughter]
    Mr. Heo. I would like to ask about North Korean issue.
    The President. That's fine, but I thought you were going to ask 
about the shrine.
    Mr. Heo. Mr. President, you have called Mr. Kim Chong-il, North 
Korean leader--Kim Chong-il's regime a ``tyranny'' and North Korea an 
``axis of evil.'' What can you do to promote human rights and democracy 
in North Korea? And what kind of leadership do you expect from Kim 
Chong-il to exercise as the leader of North Korea?
    The President. I have been--I have expressed my concerns about the 
treatment of men, women, and children in North Korea. I worry about a 
society that is going hungry. I worry about forced labor camps. And I do 
so--and as I do worry about that, I do so because I am, like many 
Americans, a compassionate--share a compassion for all peoples, 
regardless of where they live.
    I believe a--the measure, the mark of a good leader is one that 
cares first and foremost about the human condition of the people that 
live in the country. And where there's starvation and hunger, the 
leader's responsibility is to address that and, if need be, call upon 
others to make sure that food and aid actually get into the mouths of 
the hungry. I believe that a humane society

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is one in which people have a voice in government. And so I have talked 
about these values. But I've also talked about them in the context of 
say, Myanmar. I have warned about the undermining of those values in 
other parts of the world. It's a consistent message of my 
administration.
    As you know, the main focus of the region is to adhere to the 
Crawford Declaration that President Jiang Zemin 
and I stated in Crawford, which was that there would be a nuclear-free 
Korean Peninsula. And now we're working to achieve that goal--working 
together--Japan, China, South Korea, Russia, and the United States 
sitting down at the table with the North Koreans as a group, saying, 
``Here's our goal: For the sake of peace for all peoples, peoples of 
South Korea, people of North Korea, people in the region, let us achieve 
the goal of a nuclear-free Korean Peninsula--nuclear-weapons-free Korean 
Peninsula.''
    And so we'll be discussing this issue, of course. I'll be discussing 
it with the respective leaders about how to achieve that goal. We've 
made some progress where we declared that it's our intention to work 
with the North Koreans to see to it that they dismantle their nuclear 
weapons programs in a verifiable fashion. And so the dialog will 
continue on as to how to achieve this noble goal.
    Yes, sir.

Taiwan

    Mr. Wang. My second question is about Taiwan. The Chinese people are 
determined about peaceful reunification with the motherland, but the 
secessionist force in Taiwan have never stopped their activities, 
causing a threat to peace and stability Cross Strait. What do you think 
the United States can do in preventing the secessionist forces in Taiwan 
from moving toward independence, while maintaining peace and stability 
in the region?
    The President. Well, one thing the United States can do is be 
consistent in its policy in dealing with the--both China and Taiwan. And 
so our policy has been consistent from day one, which is one China, 
three communiques, that we do not support independence, and that, 
however, we strongly support the Taiwan Relations Act. And it's 
important for parties to understand that's the position--that is the 
consistent position of this Government, that we also believe and are 
heartened when we see dialog beginning to take place between China and 
Taiwan. That's a positive development, and I will continue to encourage 
that dialog.
    Mr. Nishimura.

Six-Party Talks

    Mr. Nishimura. Yes, Mr. President.
    The President. One more round of questions.
    Mr. Nishimura. Thank you very much, sir.
    The President. Then you probably have to go back to work.
    Mr. Nishimura. Okay.
    The President. So do I.
    Mr. Nishimura. Let's move to the six-party talks again.
    The President. Yes.
    Mr. Nishimura. A little bit more in detail.
    The President. Okay.
    Mr. Nishimura. Actually, the next round of six-party talks beginning 
tomorrow in Beijing, so this is previous--the six-party talks. And now 
as of today, of course, the United States and Japan have demanded that 
North Korea take tangible steps to dismantle its nuclear weapons 
program. But North Korea, on the other hand, every day--almost every 
day--is insisting that the United States company provide it with light 
water reactors. So, Mr. President, there is obviously still a sizeable 
gap between North Korea's position and that of other five parties----
    The President. Yes.
    Mr. Nishimura. ----including Japan and the United States. So, Mr. 
President, what

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would you like to see achieved during the next round, and what do you 
think are the most important steps in attaining those goals?
    The President. Yes, thank you. Well, first of all, you're right, 
there's a meeting starting, I guess, this week, but it's a 3-day meeting 
which is really to prepare for the longer meetings, which will take 
place next month.
    Secondly, you've assessed our position. It's not the United States' 
position, but our position--the five parties that are working with North 
Korea to achieve the goal of having a nuclear-weapons-free peninsula, 
and that is that--and that is that we want to see tangible results in 
the dismantling of a program, and at the appropriate time we'll discuss 
the light water reactor. That's how we interpret the agreement.
    So part of the reason to go on a trip like this is to remind people 
about the strategy and talk it out with leaders and friends and remind 
them that we will stick together and hopefully achieve this noble goal. 
Again, it's a goal vital to all the interests of the people in the 
region. And it's one that I believe we can achieve by working together. 
And this is the--there is a certain degree of patience required when it 
comes to negotiating a difficult issue. And there is clearly a need for 
us to continue to dialog amongst ourselves, to make sure that we send a 
consistent message in order to achieve this goal. It's in people's 
interest.
    It's definitely in the interest of the people in the region that 
there not be a nuclear weapon anywhere on the Peninsula. It's definitely 
in Japan's interest; I strongly believe it's in China's interest. I know 
it's in Russia's, and for that matter, it's in the U.S. interest. Even 
though we're seemingly removed, it's in our national security interest 
that we achieve this objective. So this is a very important subject, and 
I look forward to continuing to dialog with our partners in peace.

Future U.S. Role in South Korea

    Mr. Heo. Thank you, Mr. President.
    The President. Make this a good one, because it's your last 
question. [Laughter]
    Mr. Heo. What kind of new role do you expect United States troops in 
Northeast Asia, including South Korea, to do in the future? And what are 
you going to deal with their critical issues, such as strategic 
flexibility of the United States forces in Korea and the transporting 
wartime operational control from the United States forces to Korea?
    The President. The first part of your question, the role of U.S. 
troops is to provide stability. Obviously, there is--on the Korean 
Peninsula, North Korea has got troops massed on the DMZ. Part of the 
role and the relationship with the South Korean troops is to provide 
stability to the people in the Korean Peninsula.
    Now, as you know, we're repositioning our troops and realigning 
bases, but we have done so in a way, as we've worked out with President 
Roh in such a way as not to diminish the 
capacity to provide stability. And secondly, the presence of troops 
helps provide regional stability.
    The arrangement we have on the Korean Peninsula has worked for a 
long period of time. And that ought to be the operative model as we go 
forward.

China-U.S. Relations

    Mr. Wang. China and the United States have enjoyed good cooperation 
in various areas, including fighting terrorism, democratic relation, and 
the nuclear issues of Korean Peninsula. And a shared interest between 
the two countries have increased over time. So what's your comment in 
this regard, and where do you think we could expand our cooperation 
further, say, in what areas?
    The President. Well, first of all, we do have good cooperation. We 
trade a lot--that's cooperation. On the other hand, we just want to make 
sure--and both sides

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feel that it's important to have a level playing field when it comes to 
trade. Advancing the Doha round is an area where we can cooperate 
together.
    The avian flu area is an area where we can cooperate together. And I 
did have a very good discussion with President Hu 
about this in New York. And I'll bring it up again, because I am 
concerned about a pandemic. And I'm not suggesting it's going to break 
out in any country; but if it were to break out anywhere in the world, 
it becomes an international issue. In other words, I'm not saying just 
because I'm talking to President Hu that I think it's going to happen in 
China. All I'm saying is that if it happens anywhere, China and the 
United States, Japan and South Korea, ASEAN countries, APEC countries, 
everyone is going to have to work together to identify, contain and 
respond to an outbreak. So this is an important area.
    We work together in the war on terror. There is a variety of ways 
that we can continue to advance an agenda that is based upon peace. And 
then, again, this is a complex relationship, as I said. And it's an 
area, for example, where I will continue to remind President Hu about, for example, my personal faith and the belief 
that people should be allowed to worship freely. And a vibrant, whole 
society is one that recognizes that certain freedoms are inherent and 
need to be part of a complete society. And he's made some very positive 
statements and interesting statements about different aspects of 
freedom.
    So this is a vital relationship. China is a vast, significant, 
growing economy that is--using more and more energy. And here is an area 
where all of us can work together, and that is on how to share 
technologies and use technologies in such a way that we become less 
dependent on hydrocarbons. Certainly, Japan has an interest in this in 
that she imports a lot of hydrocarbons. South Korean Peninsula, same 
thing--or South Korea, same thing--and China. The United States uses a 
lot of hydrocarbons, and it's in our interest that we develop 
technologies so that we use less. It's in China's interest as well. So 
energy cooperation, the idea of discussing how to best move forward and 
to share technologies makes a lot of sense for our respective people and 
the world for that matter.
    And so it's a--we've got great opportunities to work together. I'm 
really looking forward to going to the three countries represented here. 
Every time I go out to the Far East, I come back appreciative of the 
notion of hard work and entrepreneurship and culture. So I'm looking 
forward to the trip. It's going to be--it'll be an important trip.
    Thank you all for your time. Very good questions, appreciate it. 
Thank you all.

Note: The interview was taped at 10:30 a.m. in the Roosevelt Room at the 
White House for later broadcast. In his remarks, the President referred 
to Prime Minister Junichiro Koizumi of Japan; President Hu Jintao and 
former President Jiang Zemin of China; President Roh Moo-hyun of South 
Korea; President Nambaryn Enkhbayar of Mongolia; and Chairman Kim Chong-
il of North Korea. A tape was not available for verification of the 
content of this interview.

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