    [Public Papers of the Presidents of the United States: George W. Bush (2005, Book I)]
    [May 23, 2005]
    [Pages 847-853]
    [From the U.S. Government Publishing Office www.gpo.gov]

    The President's News Conference With President Hamid Karzai of Afghanistan
    May 23, 2005

        President Bush. Thank you. Welcome. Mr. President, welcome back to
    the White House. I am honored to stand by the first democratically
    elected leader in the 5,000-year history of Afghanistan.
    Congratulations.
        President Karzai. Thank you, sir. Thank you very much.
        President Bush. I want to thank you for your friendship and your
    commitment to freedom. I especially want to thank you for being such a
    wonderful host to my wife, Laura. She came back
    overwhelmed by the experience, touched by the people she met, and
    optimistic about the future for your country. So thanks for being a good
    host, and thanks for being such a fine inspiration to not only the
    people of your country but showing the countries in your neighborhood
    what's possible.
        Your leadership has been strong, and it's in our interests that
    Afghanistan be free. Afghanistan is no longer a safe haven for
    terrorists. Afghanistan is a key partner in the global war on terror.
    Our troops have fought and will continue to fight side by side to defeat
    the few who want to stop the ambitions of the many.

    [[Page 848]]

        President Karzai. Exactly.
        President Bush. Increasing numbers of low-level Taliban are getting
    the message that Afghanistan's society is peaceful and optimistic, and I
    appreciate your efforts to reach out to the low-level members of the
    Taliban. I am impressed by the progress that you're making toward a
    market economy and a full-fledged democracy.
        One of the things that's very important, that is--a shift of opinion
    is taking place where now women are equal partners in society. Over 40
    percent of the voters in that October day were women voters. Girls are
    now going to school. Women entrepreneurs are opening businesses. The
    President was telling me that there's quite a number of candidates
    who've filed for the upcoming legislative elections who are women. The
    model, the example being set by Afghanistan in that part of the world is
    an important message, because you can't have a free and hopeful society
    unless women are full participants in the society.
        And so Mr. President, thank you for your leadership. We're looking
    forward to watching and helping make sure these elections go forward in
    a peaceful manner. It's a--the number of candidates that--who have filed
    are--is quite impressive. I think you maybe told me over 5,000?
        President Karzai. Over 5,000.
        President Bush. Yes, 5,000 people have filed for office. It's a--
    democracy is flourishing.
        We spent a lot of time talking about the challenges we continue to
    face. Our objective is to continue to train the Afghan army so that
    they're capable of defeating the terrorists. However, today, it's
    important for the Afghan people to understand that we have a strategic
    vision about our relationship with Afghanistan.
        I've signed a strategic partnership with the President. It's a
    partnership that we've been working on for quite awhile. It's a
    partnership that establishes regular high-level exchanges on political
    security and economic interests of--economic issues of mutual interests.
    We will consult with Afghanistan if it perceives its territorial
    integrity, independence, or security is at risk. We will help the Afghan
    people build strong, lasting government and civic institutions. We'll
    continue to support reconstruction, economic development, and
    investments that will help educate and build the skills of the Afghan
    people.
        I've got great faith in the future in Afghanistan. First, I've got
    great faith in the ability of democracy to provide hope. And I've got
    faith in this man as a leader. He has shown tremendous courage in the
    face of difficult odds. He's been a strong leader. He's a good friend to
    our country. And Mr. President, it's my honor to welcome you back here.
    Congratulations.
        President Karzai. Thank you very much. My turn?
        President Bush. Your turn. [Laughter]
        President Karzai. Mr. President----
        President Bush. Don't give these an opening; they'll jump in there
    at a moment's notice. [Laughter]
        President Karzai. Mr. President, it's a great pleasure and privilege
    to be visiting the United States again, to be visiting you in the White
    House with the usual warmth and hospitality. I was in Boston yesterday,
    meeting with all the students on their commencement day. I was given an
    honorary degree, which was a great honor for me, and received tremendous
    warmth there as well.
        The United States has been the country with whose help we have
    rebuilt our country--are in the process of rebuilding our country. And
    you have been at the forefront of that effort with us in Afghanistan and
    in the rest of the world. I'm here today to thank you, Mr. President,
    once again for your leadership in providing Afghanistan the security,
    the reconstruction, and the freedoms that the Afghan people have today.
        You cannot imagine, Mr. President, and I cannot tell you that in a
    few words--there are so many words, it has to take

    [[Page 849]]

    a much longer time for me to describe to you what Afghanistan was going
    through 3 years ago. So it's difficult to say, and I'm sometimes--rather
    often--neither our press nor your press nor the press in the rest of the
    world pick up the miseries of the Afghans 3 years ago and what has been
    achieved since then, until today. We have a constitution. We had a
    Presidential election, and I'm glad it turned out to be good for me.
    [Laughter]
        President Bush. I know how you feel. [Laughter]
        President Karzai. Yes, well--[laughter]--I believe we share that
    feeling, yes. And we are going to have a parliamentary election in 3
    months' time. And I just informed the President that we have, as of
    yesterday--as of the day before yesterday, over 5,000 candidates for the
    National Assembly and for the provincial assemblies. There are women
    from all the provinces of the country will be coming to the Parliament.
    So the country is moving forward.
        We have been talking with your officials in Afghanistan and have
    conveyed to you through your Embassy and Government the desire of the
    Afghan people to have a strategic partnership with America, because
    after the completion of the parliamentary elections, the Bonn process
    will come to an end. From that point onward, we would like the world to
    recognize that with the completion of the Bonn process and the arrival
    of the Afghan Parliament, Afghanistan will not suddenly stand on its own
    feet. Politically, we will have done the process--politically, we will
    have completed the process, but in terms of the institutional strength,
    Afghanistan will continue to need a lot of support.
        And I'm glad that you signed with me today a memorandum of
    understanding on the long-term partnership between Afghanistan and the
    United States of America, which will make sure that Afghanistan
    continues to receive reconstruction assistance, which will make sure
    that Afghanistan continues to receive training from the U.S. for its
    military and the police, and which will enable Afghanistan to stand on
    its own feet eventually and be a good, active member of the region,
    contributing to peace and stability in the region, and be a bridge
    between various parts of that part of the world for trade and values.
        Mr. President, I'm here today to thank you for all that you have
    done for Afghanistan. And we are very, very happy. We are grateful. You
    sent the Vice President of the United States to come and attend the
    Inauguration in Afghanistan. It was a tremendous honor for us to receive
    him there, to have him there. It was the manifestation of the commitment
    of the United States and yourself to the Afghan people to have that day
    attended by the Vice President. And we are very, very happy, more
    importantly, to have had the First Lady to visit us in Afghanistan. We
    were thrilled. The Afghan women were thrilled. The Afghan society was
    thrilled. And now you guess whose turn it is now to come to Afghanistan.
    [Laughter] So we'll be hoping to receive you there very soon.
        President Bush. Thank you for the invitation. [Laughter]
        President Karzai. The country is much greener than it was in the
    past few years. I thank you once again for receiving us here and for the
    support you've given to us all along and will continue to do so. Thank
    you.
        President Bush. Thank you, Mr. President. Of course, I don't want to
    correct my friend, but I must. In thanking me, you're really thanking
    the American people.
        President Karzai. Of course.
        President Bush. And the American people are most impressed by the
    progress you've made, Mr. President, and it's progress that we look
    forward to working with you so that you can continue to make progress.
        And in the spirit of free press, we'll answer a couple of questions.
        President Karzai. Yes, we all know that, yes. [Laughter]

    [[Page 850]]

        President Bush. Hunt [Terence Hunt, Associated Press].

    Afghanistan-U.S. Cooperation

        Q. Thank you, Mr. President. Mr. President, will you give the Karzai
    Government custody of Afghan citizens detained by the United States? And
    are you willing to give Afghanistan more say in U.S. military matters in
    their country?
        And to President Karzai, did you discuss the prisoner abuse at
    Bagram issue with the President?
        President Bush. First, in terms of more say over our military, our
    relationship is one of cooperate and consult. Of course our troops will
    respond to U.S. commanders, but our U.S. commanders and our diplomatic
    mission there is in a consultative relationship with the Government.
    It's a free society. There is a democratically elected Government.
    They've invited us in, and we'll consult with them in terms of how to
    achieve mutual goals, and that is to rout out the remnants of Al Qaida,
    to deal with those folks who would come and like to create harm to U.S.
    citizens and/or Afghan citizens.
        I must say the Afghan military is making great progress. It hasn't
    been all that long ago that we started a training mission. Now there's
    over 25,000 troops who are trained and ready to fight, and they take the
    fight to these thugs that are coming across the border to create havoc.
    And we've got another, I think, 22,000 to train to get this army fully
    stood up. Our mission in Afghanistan and Iraq is the same. I mean, we
    want these new democracies to be able to defend themselves. And so we
    will continue to work with the Afghans to train them and to cooperate
    and consult with the Government.
        The other aspect of the question?

    Afghan Detainees in Guantanamo/Prisoner Abuse

        Q. The prisoners who----
        President Bush. Oh, the prisoners, yes. Our policy, as you know, has
    been to work our way through those who are being held in Guantanamo and
    send them back to the host countries, and we will do so over time, with
    the Afghan Government. Part of the issue is to make sure there is a
    place where the prisoners can be held. As I explained to the President,
    that our policy is, one, where we want the people to be sent home, but,
    two, we've got to make sure the facilities are there--facilities where
    these people can be housed and fed and guarded.
        Now, you asked about the prison--yes, he did bring up the prison
    abuse.
        President Karzai. On the question of the prisoner abuse, we are, of
    course, sad about that. But let me make sure that you all know that that
    does not reflect on the American people.
        Right now in Afghanistan there is an Italian lady that has been
    kidnaped by an Afghan man, while there are hundreds of Afghan women
    demonstrating outside in the streets of Kabul demanding the release of
    that woman, the Italian lady. So the prisoner abuse thing is not at all
    a thing that we attribute to anybody else but those individuals.
        The Afghan people are grateful, very, very much to the American
    people. They recognize that individual acts do not reflect either on
    governments or on societies. These things happen everywhere. As we are
    sad, we recognize that the American people, kind as they are to
    Afghanistan, have nothing to do with that.
        And I'm glad to tell you that I was reading today somewhere that one
    of those persons has been given a sentence of prison for 3 months and
    removed from his job, and that's a good thing. We, I must repeat
    strongly, are fully aware of the tremendously good values of the
    American people and of their kind attitude toward us and others in this
    world.
        Thank you.
        President Bush. Somebody from the Afghan press?

    [[Page 851]]

        President Karzai. Anybody from the Afghan press? Do we have an
    Afghan press? Oh, here he is. [Laughter]

    [At this point, a question was asked in Dari and was translated as
    follows.]

    Afghan Economic Development/Opium

        Interpreter. This question is for President Bush. Question was,
    besides security and military assistance, Afghanistan needs more
    economic assistance. How can the U.S. assist more in building the
    economic infrastructure of Afghanistan?
        President Bush. Right. As you know, we cooperated early with Japan
    and Saudi Arabia in helping them build a very important highway. I can
    remember when then-Secretary of State Powell
    came in and asked whether or not I thought this made sense, and I did.
    And I talked--I think I talked to you about it in our first visit.
        President Karzai. Yes, yes.
        President Bush. I hope that highway is complete--if not, being
    completed.
        President Karzai. It is.
        President Bush. We talked today about electricity. Interestingly
    enough, Afghanistan has got natural gas resources, and that those gas
    resources can be used to fire electricity plants which will be helpful
    for the infrastructure. And as a matter of fact, thanks to the United
    States Congress, there is reconstruction money in the supplemental and
    the budget, and that's good. And so those are ways we can help.
        The truth of the matter--another way we can help is to diversify the
    agricultural sector, which leads to a subject that we spent some time
    on, and that is opium and poppies. As you know, there are--there's too
    much poppy cultivation in Afghanistan. And I made it very clear to the
    President that this is--that we have got to work together to eradicate
    poppy crop. And the President, not only in this meeting but in other
    meetings, has been very forthcoming about the desire to eradicate poppy.
    And as a matter of fact, according to a United Nations' report, there is
    less poppy today than the previous year.
        President Karzai. Exactly.
        President Bush. The President can give you some statistics on that
    if you're interested. One of the interesting issues, however, besides
    poppy crop eradication and, frankly, bringing people to justice who are
    running drugs is to--is for crop substitution. And the--President Karzai
    was talking about how the quality of the pomegranate that used to be
    grown in Afghanistan--evidently it's quite famous for--the country is
    quite famous for growing pomegranates.
        President Karzai. Yes, yes.
        President Bush. Or honeydew melons. In other words, there are some
    specialty crops, along with wheat and corn, that can and should be grown
    in Afghanistan. We look forward to working--the President brought his
    Agricultural Minister with him, and we look
    forward to working on this aspect of economic development. After all,
    Afghanistan has had a long history of farming. And we can do a lot to
    help the farmers get back on their feet and diversify away from poppies.
        And so there are some areas where we discussed help. The truth of
    the matter is, though, that it's very important for your Government to
    make--continue to make--and I'm confident the President will--but
    continue to make the right decisions about rule of law and transparency
    and decisions that will encourage an open marketplace so that people
    will feel comfortable investing in your country.
        I don't know if you want to comment on that--on the poppy issue.
        President Karzai. On the drugs issue, yes, yes. Mr. President,
    indeed, Afghanistan is suffering from the cultivation of poppies, which
    is undermining our economy. It's giving us a bad name, worst of all.
    Just after the Inauguration, a day after the Vice President and
    Secretary Rumsfeld left Afghanistan for the U.S., we called a meeting of
    the Afghan elders and representatives

    [[Page 852]]

    and spoke to them about the curse of poppies in Afghanistan. Their
    response to that was very positive. A lot of provinces that were the
    biggest producers of poppy refrained from producing poppies. Three years
    ago, I saw a report in the press that the province of Nangarhar, which
    used to produce poppies, has now reduced poppies by 80 percent, the same
    as in Helmand, the same as in Badakhshan, the same as in other areas
    where poppies were grown.
        So we are hoping that Afghanistan this year will have something
    between 20 to 30 percent reduction in poppies all over the country, and
    that is a lot. When I was addressing the Afghan people a few months ago,
    I was not expecting the response to be so positive or that we will have
    poppy reduction by so many percentages in a year. Now if this trend
    continues, we'll have no poppies, hopefully, in Afghanistan in another 5
    or 6 years.
        But equally important is the provision of alternative livelihoods to
    the Afghan people. The President mentioned pomegranates, honeydew
    melon--lots of other things in Afghanistan that people destroyed in
    order to replace with poppies have to be now brought back to the lives
    of the Afghan farmers' alternative livelihood. And our adjudication to
    the arrest of drug dealers, mafia, the producers of the labs, is going
    on. With this trend and with proper alternative livelihood, hopefully in
    5 to 6 years, Afghanistan should be free of poppies. That's a promise we
    have given to the world and to the Afghan people, and that's a promise
    that we will deliver on. Hold us accountable on that.
        President Bush. Thank you, sir.
        Steve [Steve Holland, Reuters].

    Judicial Nominees

        Q. Mr. President, on judicial nominees, are you willing to risk a
    stalling of your domestic agenda in order to get votes on judicial
    nominees? And what do you say to critics who said the Republicans did
    basically the same thing to some of President Clinton's nominees?
        President Bush. Steve, I have made my position very clear, and that
    is my job is to pick people who will interpret the Constitution, not use
    the bench from which to write law. That's what I campaigned on. I said,
    ``If I'm the President, I will pick people who do that.'' I said, ``I'll
    pick people who are--will bring great credit to the bench.'' And that's
    exactly what I've done, consistent with judicial philosophy in my picks
    as well as the character of the people I pick. And I expect them to get
    an up-or-down vote. That's what I expect. And I think the American
    people expect that as well. People ought to have a fair hearing, and
    they ought to get an up-or-down vote on the floor.
        Why don't you go with one final question. We've got this lady
    reporter here. Yes.
        President Karzai. All right. Lady.

    Demonstrations in Afghanistan/Prison Abuse

        Q. Just to follow up on the treatment of the prisoners. Mr.
    President, you know, anti-American feeling is running high in the Muslim
    world. We've seen it in Afghanistan after the alleged disintegration of
    the Koran in Guantanamo. After meeting with the President, how do you
    assure the Muslim world and Afghan people that have seen death as a
    result of the article, that this incident in Bagram and other treatment
    of prisoners is isolated incident, and it's not systemic?
        And if I may ask you, Mr. President, as you know, the casualties of
    Iraq is again high today, 50 more people dying. Do you think that
    insurgence is getting harder now to defeat militarily? Thank you.
        President Bush. No, I don't think so. I think they're being
    defeated, and that's why they continue to fight. The worst thing for
    them is to see democracy. The President can speak to that firsthand. The
    worst problem that an ideologue that uses terror to try to get their way
    is to see a free society

    [[Page 853]]

    emerge. And I'm confident we're making great progress in Iraq.
        And clearly, it's dangerous, and we mourn the loss of life. On the
    other hand, the 8\1/2\ million Iraqis who went to the polls sent a very
    clear message to the world that they want to be free.
        President Karzai. Ma'am, yes, we discussed those questions on the
    demonstrations, or the so-called demonstrations in part of the--parts of
    Afghanistan. You saw that Government buildings were burned and private
    property was damaged, broken. Those demonstrations were, in reality, not
    related to the Newsweek story. They were more against the elections in
    Afghanistan. They were more against the progress in Afghanistan. They
    were more against the strategic partnership with the United States.
        We know who did it. We know the guys. We know the people behind
    those demonstrations. And if--unfortunately, you don't hear--follow the
    Afghan press, but if you listen to the Voice of America, the Radio
    Liberty, and the BBC, the Afghan population condemned that--those acts
    of arson in Afghanistan.
        Of course, we are as Muslims very much unhappy with Newsweek
    bringing a matter so serious in the gossip column. It's really something
    that one shouldn't do, that responsible journalism shouldn't do at all.
    But Newsweek's story is not America's story. That's what--that's what we
    understand in Afghanistan. America has over a thousand mosques. I have
    gone and prayed in mosques here in America. I've prayed in Virginia.
    I've gone and prayed in Maryland. I've been to a mosque in Washington.
    And thousands of Afghans have been to mosques here in town, and as a
    matter of fact, tens of thousands of Muslims are going on a daily basis
    to mosques in America and praying.
        So--and this is what was also reflected in Afghanistan. People spoke
    in the mosques, the clergy, and said, ``What the hell are you doing?''
    There is a respect, there is this freedom in America for religion, and
    there are Muslims on a daily basis praying in mosques in America. And
    there are Korans, Holy Korans, all over America in homes and mosques. So
    it was a political act, a political act against Afghanistan's stability,
    which we have condemned, which the Afghan people have condemned.
        On the issue of prisoners, I spoke earlier, it does not reflect at
    all on American people. On the contrary, it's an individual act just
    like that bad Afghan kidnaped an Italian lady. And it's not the work of
    the Afghan people. In the same way, we treat this case.
        President Bush. Thank you, Mr. President. Thank you.

    Note: The President's news conference began at 11:03 a.m. in the East
    Room at the White House. In his remarks, he referred to Minister of
    Agriculture and Food Obaidullah Ramin of Afghanistan. President Karzai
    referred to Italian aid worker Clementina Cantoni, who was kidnaped in
    Kabul, Afghanistan, on May 16.