    [Public Papers of the Presidents of the United States: George W. Bush (2004, Book I)]
    [April 12, 2004]
    [Pages 549-555]
    [From the U.S. Government Publishing Office www.gpo.gov]

    The President's News Conference With President Hosni Mubarak of Egypt in Crawford, Texas
    April 12, 2004

        President Bush. Thank you all for coming. I'm pleased to welcome my
    friend Hosni Mubarak to my home. Welcome. I always look forward to
    visiting with him, and I look forward to hearing his wise counsel. I
    appreciate his frank views on many challenges that face our two nations
    and that face the greater Middle East.
        Our nations have a relationship that is strong and warm. Our people
    share the bonds of friendship, a commitment to prosperity and peace and
    regional stability. Egypt is a strategic partner of the United States,
    and we value President Mubarak's years of effort on behalf of the peace
    and stability of the Middle East.

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        The meetings we have just had focused on these goals and on ways to
    make the Middle East safer and more secure. We recognize that the
    starting point for a prosperous and peaceful Middle East must be the
    rejection of terror. Egypt has taken a firm stand against terror by
    working to disrupt the activities and capabilities of the region's
    terrorist organizations. These are the policies of a nation and a
    statesman that understand the threat that terrorism poses to all of us,
    to my Nation, to his, to all the Arab states, to Israel, and to the
    future of any Palestinian state. Terrorism must be opposed, and it must
    be defeated. And I'm grateful for President Mubarak's support in the
    global war against terror.
        Our objective in the Middle East must be true peace, not just a
    pause between wars, which can only happen within a framework of
    democracy and stability. I'm pleased that Egypt has engaged its neighbor
    Israel on closer trade ties that will help the Egyptian people find jobs
    and improve their lives. President Mubarak and I discussed the possible
    Israeli withdrawal from Gaza and our shared view that creation of a
    democratic, peaceful Palestinian state is a necessary goal on the road
    to peace.
        We also believe that the future of the Middle East and the future of
    Iraq are closely linked, and I am grateful for President Mubarak's
    support for Iraq as it transitions to democracy and stability. The
    people of the greater Middle East have a right to be safe, secure,
    prosperous, and free.
        President Mubarak and I spoke about the future of the region and of
    Egypt. Just as Egypt has shown the way toward peace in the Middle East,
    it will set the standard in the region for democracy by strengthening
    democratic institutions and political participation.
        I'm encouraged by the ongoing debate on reform in Egypt, including
    the excellent discussions involving civil society representatives from
    the Arab world who met at the Alexandria Library in March. And President
    Mubarak can be confident in my friendship and America's partnership as
    he moves forward to realize the hopes of his people.
        I welcome my good friend Hosni to my home. Our countries have three
    decades of solid, beneficial relations behind us, and the United States
    will continue to work with Egypt and the Arab world in a spirit of
    common purpose and mutual respect.
        Thank you for coming, sir.
        President Mubarak. I would like to thank President Bush for inviting
    me to his ranch in Crawford and for the friendly atmosphere and the
    gracious hospitality that prevailed throughout our meeting today. I had
    constructive, candid, and friendly discussions with President Bush and
    with members of his administration on a wide range of issues of mutual
    concern.
        Our strategic relationship, which has matured over the past 30
    years, has constituted a force for stability, both regionally and
    globally. The statement issued today, on the 30th anniversary of the
    reestablishment of diplomatic relations between Egypt and the United
    States, gives a clear reflection of our strong commitment to advance our
    special relationship and deepen our cooperation.
        Together we have faced the challenges of peace, fighting terror and
    defeating aggression. In cooperation with the United States, many of
    Egypt's reform and development objectives have been achieved over the
    years. Our partnership is based on trust, mutual respect, and the
    increasing political will on both sides to continue to assume the
    responsibilities of leadership. These same principles will guide us into
    the future as we face a new set of challenges on the world stage and as
    we enter a new phase of reform on our domestic front.
        Egypt has moved with vigor and determination over the past years to
    shoulder its increasing responsibilities in the Middle East. At the same
    time, we've confronted domestic challenges through an ambition

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    and irreversible program of reform. Our reform efforts have and will
    continue to emanate from my Government's desire to further widen the
    scope of democracy, freedom, and political participation in a vibrant
    and dynamic civil society.
        Egypt's political reform program constitutes a core component of our
    comprehensive effort to improve the quality of life of our people. Our
    efforts continue to focus on opening up new opportunities for our
    citizens to improve their livelihood within a competitive global
    environment. In this, we seek to build on our numerous achievements in
    the areas of good governance, sustainable economic growth, education,
    and health care within a caring society in which social policies are
    central to our development goals. We continue to move forward within a
    process of debate and interaction between Government, civil society, and
    different political parties in Egypt.
        We have also expanded the debate to include participation from the
    Arab world through a process of interaction among the civil society
    representatives in the region, which was launched at the Library of
    Alexandria last March. Your support, Mr. President, for our steps in
    that endeavor is appreciated.
        On regional issues, we discussed our respective responsibilities
    regarding the peace process in the Middle East. The United States has
    always assumed a leading role in the search for peace in our region. I
    expressed my strong desire to see that leading role continue with ever
    greater vigor and determination to realize our vision of a two-state
    solution as early as possible in the context of a comprehensive, just,
    and lasting settlement of the Arab-Israeli conflict.
        I expressed to the President the centrality of the conflict to the
    people of the region. It is our conviction that reviving the hopes of
    peace through our determined efforts to put the peace process back on
    track is central to enhancing the prospects of reform and the prosperity
    in the region. Egypt has pioneered the path of peace in the region for
    over 25 years and will continue to assume its responsibilities for peace
    today. I reaffirmed to President Bush Egypt's steadfast commitment to do
    whatever it takes to revive the hopes for a comprehensive settlement and
    to bring the parties back to the path of dialog and negotiations.
        On Iraq, I conveyed to the President our serious concerns about the
    current state of affairs, particularly in the security and the
    humanitarian areas. I further stressed the importance of restoring
    Iraq's sovereignty as soon as possible within a context that preserves
    its territorial integrity and unites all Iraqis toward a common future.
    The recent efforts to increase the role of the U.N. in that process is
    an important step that should be further encouraged.
        We discussed our joint effort to fight terror. We agreed to
    intensify our extensive cooperation in this regard, to include finding
    solutions to the political and economic problems that represent the
    underlying causes of terrorism.
        We discussed also various aspects of our bilateral relations,
    including the importance of deepening our economic and cultural ties. In
    the economic field, I briefed the President on our economic reform
    program and said the importance of free trade with the United States in
    attaining our economic objectives. I also stressed the importance of
    promoting cultural exchange and furthering the links between civil
    society in both our nations. This is certain to enhance mutual
    understanding between our two peoples and between the United States and
    the Arab world at large.
        I am confident, Mr. President, after your talks today, that through
    our strategic partnership, we will continue to confront the challenge
    before us with greater determination and resolute leadership.
        Thank you.
        President Bush. Thank you, sir. Good job.

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        We'll answer two questions a side. We'll start with the American
    side here with Scott [Scott Lindlaw, Associated Press].

    President's Daily Briefing

        Q. Thank you, Mr. President. I'd like to take you back to August 6,
    2001, if I could, ask you about your personal response when you received
    the PDB. Do you recall whether you called Bob Mueller, asked him about
    what the FBI was doing, asked about these 70 field investigations? And
    also, did your mind go back to the PDB when September 11th hit?
        President Bush. Bob Mueller
    wasn't the Director of the FBI at the time.
        Q. Did you call the Director?
        President Bush. I don't think there was a Director. But no, here's
    my recollection. First, I asked for the PDB. In other words, I said to
    the intelligence agency, ``Bring me up to date. What do you know? Give
    me an assessment,'' I guess is the best way to put it. And I read it
    and, obviously, was discomforted by the fact that Usama bin Laden hated America. But as I mentioned yesterday, we
    already knew that, and the fundamental question is, what was--was there
    any actionable intelligence. And by that I mean, was there anything that
    the agency could tell me that would then cause me to have to do
    something to make a decision to protect America.
        There was nothing in there that said, you know, ``There's an
    imminent attack.'' There was nothing in this report to me that said,
    ``Oh, by the way, we've got intelligence that says something is about to
    happen in America.'' That wasn't what this report said. The report was
    kind of a history of Usama's intentions, I
    guess is the best way to put it, kind of a history of what the agency
    had known.
        And you're right, there was included--they included the fact that
    the FBI was conducting field investigations, which comforted me. You
    see, it meant the FBI was doing its job. The FBI was running down any
    lead. And I will tell you this, Scott, that had they found something,
    I'm confident they would have reported back to me. That's the way the
    system works. And whoever was the Acting FBI Director, had they found
    something, would have said, ``Mr. President, we have found something
    that you need to be concerned about in your duties to protect America.''
    That didn't happen.
        Q. Are you satisfied with their performance, then, today?
        President Bush. I'm confident that had they found something that was
    a direct threat to America, they would have brought it to my attention.
        Now, the 9/11 Commission hearings are going to analyze that which
    went on and, hopefully, bring recommendations forward to help this
    administration and future administrations do our solemn duty to protect
    the American people. And that's why I think the hearings are good
    things, particularly when they address any weaknesses in the system.
        And Condi mentioned the other day
    something very interesting, and that is that now may be a time to revamp
    and reform our intelligence services. And we look forward to hearing
    recommendations. We're thinking about that, ourselves, and we look
    forward to working with the Commission.
        Q. What's on the table in the way of reform----
        President Bush. Hold on a second, please. Lindlaw, I don't want to
    lecture you here, but you were given one question and President Mubarak
    is going to wonder, is the press corps totally out of control here in
    America. So I'm going to have to cut you off at this point in time.
        Mr. President, why don't you call on somebody?
        Q. Thank you, Mr. President.
        President Bush. Welcome.

    Situation in Iraq

        Q. President Bush, in recent days, we've seen a significant
    deterioration in the security situation in Iraq. Do you see a serious

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    risk in that such events and the American military response to them
    would lead to a wider popular resistance to the American presence in
    Iraq, and would that complicate the process of transferring sovereignty
    to the Iraqi people? Thank you.
        President Bush. Thank you, and welcome. We will transfer
    sovereignty. And as a matter of fact, the United Nations representative,
    Brahimi, is in Baghdad as we speak, working
    with different parties to help devise the system to which we transfer
    sovereignty, and we look forward to that.
        Secondly, the situation in Iraq has improved. But you're right, it
    was a tough week, because of--there was lawlessness and gangs that were
    trying to take the law in their own hands. These were people that were
    trying to make a statement prior to the transfer of sovereignty that
    they would get to decide the fate of Iraq, through violence. A civil
    society, a peaceful society can't grow with people who are willing to
    kill in order to stop progress. And our job is to provide security for
    the Iraqi people so that a transition can take place, and that's what
    you were seeing.
        And our job also is to protect American lives. If our soldiers are
    at risk, they will defend themselves. And I'm proud of the fact that our
    soldiers did so, mindful that there are innocent Iraqis oftentimes in
    between them and an enemy that is shooting at them. We're a
    compassionate country that cares about the loss of innocent life, and it
    grieves us when we see innocent life lost. However, we will defend
    ourselves.
        I believe--strongly believe that by far the vast majority of Iraqis
    want there to be a peaceful country and a free country. And so the Iraq
    people are on the side of the transition to a peaceful country. We just
    can't let a few people--and I say ``a few''--listen, there was enough to
    cause harm, but a few, relative to the rest of the people. You just
    can't let a small percentage of the Iraqi people decide the fate of
    everybody, and that's what you're seeing.
        Thank you.
        Excuse me for a second, please. Steve [Steve Holland, Reuters].

    Israeli Withdrawal From Gaza

        Q. Thank you, sir. If I could ask both of you--are both of you
    prepared to endorse the Israeli withdrawal plan?
        President Bush. Steve, I welcome--first of all, let's not prejudge
    what Prime Minister Sharon is going to tell me.
    So I don't want to put words in his mouth until he actually comes to
    America on Wednesday. We discussed the rumors of such a withdrawal, and
    we discussed it in the context of the two-state solution and the
    roadmap.
        In other words, we both are in agreement that if Israel makes the
    decision to withdraw, it doesn't replace the roadmap; it is a part of
    the roadmap, so that we can continue progress toward the two-state
    solution. And I really welcomed my friend's advice. He is--he knows the
    area well, and he's been in touch with the parties, and he has got good
    judgment on this matter. Let's wait until the Prime Minister comes. But if he were to decide to withdraw from the
    Gaza, it would be a positive development.
        Q. Thank you, Mr. President.
        President Bush. He wanted to know your--just a second, excuse me. He
    wanted to have your reaction to a possible withdrawal, if you'd like to
    share that. You don't have to, if you don't want to. He's a kind
    fellow----
        President Mubarak. I have discussed this with the President, the
    withdrawal from Gaza. I think any withdrawal from the occupied territory
    is very highly appreciated. But I would like the withdrawal to coincide
    with the roadmap, which is very important, because withdrawing from Gaza
    alone, without connecting it with the roadmap, we never know it will be
    Gaza alone. It will be very difficult. It will not be accepted by the
    public opinion in the area. So the withdrawal from Gaza, if it is a part
    from the roadmap, I think it will be very highly appreciated.

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        President Bush. Yes, the point is that the decision doesn't replace
    the path toward the establishment of a Palestinian state that will
    provide hope for the Palestinian people and provide continuity and put
    the institutions in place necessary for a state to evolve. I'm confident
    there will be ample willingness of people in Europe or the United States
    Government to enact economic--to take economic measures necessary to
    provide a hopeful future. And we're in accord on this issue, and I look
    forward to meeting with the Prime Minister and
    hear what he has to say.
        Final question, if you'd like to call on somebody.
        Q. Thank you very much. My question is for you, Mr. Excellency Bush
    and Mr. Excellency Mubarak. But let me first tell you, happy Easter,
    before asking about the peace process. [Laughter]
        President Bush. Thank you. We had a great Easter. I'm sorry it's so
    chilly here. It's usually warmer.

    Two-State Solution for the Middle East

        Q. Thank you very much. Sir, you announced your vision of a two-
    state solution almost 2 years ago----
        President Bush. Yes.
        Q. Do you think this vision can be realized in spite of the Israeli
    policy of expanding settlements and establishment of the separate wall,
    which violates the green line?
        And for you, Mr. President Mubarak, how can Egypt help the
    Palestinians to take their responsibilities after the Israeli
    withdrawal?
        President Bush. Great question. Yes, I think we can achieve a two-
    state solution. You're right, I think I made the speech at the United
    Nations in 2001, if I'm not mistaken--September of 2001--the first
    American President to do so, to make that public declaration a policy.
    And the reason I did is because I believe it's in the Palestinians'
    interest to have their own state, and I believe it's in Israel's
    interest that the Palestinians develop a peaceful state.
        The reason why--we've made some progress, by the way. There is what
    they call the roadmap, a strategy to achieve that, which is good. The
    problem is, is that there's terrorists who will kill people in order to
    stop the process, and that's why it is essential that we work together
    to stop terrorist killing. There will never be a Palestinian state, in
    my judgment, if terrorists are willing to kill. And so the first step
    we've all got to do is to work on the mutual security concerns of the
    region. And we can't let people blow up a process, but that's what's
    happened, as you might recall. And there's been suiciders and killers,
    and you know--and it's essential that we work together to stop that kind
    of terror.
        It will be much easier for the Palestinians to assume their
    responsibilities--and there are responsibilities for the Palestinians,
    particularly when it comes to developing a state that is a peaceful
    state--it will make it a lot easier if we can continue to keep the
    pressure on the terrorists, make it a lot easier for them to assume
    their responsibilities.
        President Mubarak. The problem of the Middle East has stayed nearly
    about--about to be 50 years now. It's a very complicated problem, and if
    we keep it, more and more, it will be much more complicated than ever
    before. It could have been solved several years ago, but now it's very
    difficult. But in this context, I really thank President Bush, the first
    President of the United States who could say that, ``I'm ready to agree
    on establishing two states beside each other, independent states,
    Palestinian state and the Israeli state.'' This is the first time we
    could hear it. We have to build on it.
        Concerning Gaza, I think we could help a lot in Gaza by training the
    police, by giving them advice, by sending them some groups to make plans
    for them how to work. And in that regard, we are ready to do. We have
    contacts with them, we have contact with the different factions which
    could create problems now and then.

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    And you remember, they convened in Cairo several times. We are ready to
    invite them again so as to help stability in Gaza for a continuation for
    more withdrawal.
        Thank you.

    April 13 News Conference

        President Bush. Thank you, sir.
        By the way, tomorrow night I'm interested in answering more
    questions for you all. So if you pick out a red or blue tie----
        Q. A news conference?
        President Bush. Why not. See you at the East Room.

    Note: The President's news conference began at 11:52 a.m. at the Bush
    Ranch. In his remarks, he referred to Usama bin Laden, leader of the Al
    Qaida terrorist organization; National Security Adviser Condoleezza
    Rice; Lakhdar Brahimi, Special Adviser to the U.N. Secretary-General;
    and Prime Minister Ariel Sharon of Israel. He also referred to the
    National Commission on Terrorist Attacks Upon the United States (9/11
    Commission).