[Public Papers of the Presidents of the United States: George W. Bush (2002, Book I)]
[February 28, 2002]
[Pages 308-312]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office www.gpo.gov]
Remarks to the National Summit on Retirement Savings
February 28, 2002
Thank you all very much. I appreciate that warm welcome. It's a
pleasure to be here with friends and those who are promoting an
important cause, and that is promoting the security and dignity of
Americans who are in retirement.
Americans can help secure their own future by saving. Government
must support policies that promote and protect saving. And saving is the
path to independence for Americans in all phases of life, and we must
encourage more Americans to take that path.
I want to thank the Secretary of Labor, Elaine Chao, for helping put on this conference, and I appreciate her
service. I appreciate the Director of the Small Business Administration
for being here; Hector, thank you for
coming. It is good to see at least one fellow Texan, Sam
Johnson. I appreciate you being here, Sammy;
thank you for coming. And I appreciate Bill Roth, the former Senator from Delaware, for being here as well.
Thank you, Senator, for coming today.
Just over 100 years ago, at the turn of the last century, the
average life expectancy in America was only 47 years. Today, that number
has increased by three full decades. This amazing advance in the health
of Americans is also profoundly changing our society. Americans who
retire today may have decades--decades--of healthy life before them.
This is time to volunteer, making seniors one of the greatest
resources of compassion in America. This is time for family, to pass on
values to grandchildren and to strengthen the bonds between grandparents
and family members. And increasingly, retirement is a time of new
beginnings, a time to travel and explore, a time to take up new hobbies,
and a time to take up new careers. Some 80 percent of baby boomers--I
happen to be one--[laughter]--say they plan to work at least part-time
in retirement. And smart employers will be wise to use their experience
and their competence.
The choices seniors make in retirement should not be limited by
arbitrary dates or obsolete stereotypes. Increasingly, the choices of
seniors will only be limited by two things, the state of their health
and the state of their savings.
Because the nature of retirement is changing, the needs of
retirement are changing as well. Older Americans now require a
retirement nest egg large enough for decades of enjoyment and ambition.
As medicine increases the length of life, adequate savings must increase
the options we have on longer lives.
Saving is never easy; it's hard for some to do. But it's always
worthwhile, particularly when you think about the power of compounding
interest. The power of compound interest is one of the great advantages
of American citizens, and they must learn to use it. If a worker starts
saving just $20 a week at age 22 and earns a 5.5 percent real interest
rate on the investment, that adds up to a nest egg of nearly $180,000 by
age 65.
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This summit was created by Congress to educate workers and citizens
about the power and rewards of saving, and I want to thank you for
participating. You've accomplished a great deal, but there's much more
to do.
Americans are saving too little, often dangerously too little. The
average 50-year-old in America has less than $40,000 in personal
financial wealth. The average American retires with only enough savings
to provide 60 percent of his former annual income. This problem is
especially acute for women and minorities.
We must encourage, for all our people, the security and independence
provided by savings. I want America to be an ownership society, a
society where a life of work becomes a retirement of independence.
Savings start as an individual responsibility, but Government can
help by expanding the rewards of saving and by strengthening protections
for saving. Last year, the Congress passed and I proudly signed powerful
new incentives for retirement savings. Many of you in this room were
involved in that effort, and I want to thank you.
We relaxed the restrictions on how much workers can invest in their
individual retirement accounts and 401(k) plans. Last year's tax relief
plan allowed workers over the age of 50 to make overpayments to their
retirement plans. This is especially important for women who take time
out of the labor force to stay at home with their children.
We passed some important reforms to give workers more choices and
more rights. We created a new kind of 401(k) that allows workers to pay
their taxes now and make tax-free withdrawals when they retire, just
like the way the Roth IRA works. And we required companies to vest their
employees' retirement rights more quickly. Your retirement money becomes
yours faster, now more than ever.
And finally, we made it easier to roll over retirement savings from
one account to another. We know that American workers change jobs more
frequently today than they used to. This means that people are seeing
opportunity, and they're seizing it. But if workers are going to move,
their retirement savings need to move with them without unnecessary
bureaucracy and unnecessary paperwork.
Thanks to the 2001 tax relief program, our Tax Code is now
friendlier to saving than it has been in a long time. Not only am I
proud of cutting taxes, I'm proud of reforming the savings, and I'm
proud of the good work that Congress did on this matter.
But there's still more to do. Even when people are saving enough,
they need to feel more secure about the laws protecting their savings.
In recent months, we've seen how workers can lose a lifetime's worth of
savings if their company were to fail. So my administration has proposed
reforms to make sure that the money Americans put away in their working
years grows safely, so it is available in their retirement years.
More than 40 million workers own 401(k) accounts totaling over $1.8
trillion in assets. Many of these assets have been contributed by
employers who match their workers' own savings. We know that employers
contribute more when they have the option to give company stock as well
as cash, and that option ought to remain as positive for American
workers. But a worker should also have more freedom to choose how to
invest their retirement savings.
Companies that contribute stock to employee 401(k)s should not be
permitted to lock their employees into owning that stock for years and
years. My proposal will allow workers to sell company stock and
diversify into other investment options after 3 years in their own
company's plan. We need action to give workers the right to put their
savings--to put their eggs in more than one basket.
Another important reform addresses the issue of blackouts, times
when employees are not free to change or access their retirement
accounts. When companies black-
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out a pension plan, they temporarily take away a worker's freedom to
choose for themselves. Workers should be given a 30-day notice before
any blackout period begins, and company officers should not be allowed
to sell their own company stock when workers cannot. What's fair on the
top floor should be fair on the shop floor.
To make good investment decisions, workers need sound advice and
timely information. Employers should be required to provide updates on
workers' retirement account values every 3 months. And we should change
current law to remove the threat of lawsuits from employers who provide
sound third-party investment advice.
All these measures will help build faith in America's pension
system, and I urge Congress to act. I want to thank Senators Tim
Hutchinson and Chuck Grassley and Representatives Boehner, Portman, and Cardin for their bipartisan efforts to put forward good,
commonsense legislation that seeks to achieve many of these pension
reform principles.
Every American deserves to be an owner in the American Dream. That
dream includes a sound pension plan and adequate private savings, and it
is ultimately completed by Social Security reform. Some people like
their Social Security exactly the way it is, and they'll be able to keep
it exactly the way it is. But for younger workers who want to take
advantage of the power of compounding interest, we should allow for
personal retirement accounts.
Today, Social Security is not a personal savings program. Retirees'
benefits are paid directly from the taxes paid each year by current
workers. The average return on Social Security is less than 2 percent.
And in the long run, Social Security can pay retirees less than 30
percent of what they earned before retiring, and that's not good enough
as we head into the 21st century.
We can do better, and a lot of people know this. Someone retiring
today after 45 years of work would be entitled to a monthly benefit of
$1,128 a month from Social Security. If that same retiree--if those
Social Security taxes had been invested in the stock market over the
last 45 years, during the same period of time, that person would now
have a nest egg of $590,000, or income of more than $3,700 a month.
Because there will be an expanding number of retirees for Social
Security to support in the future, we must apply the power of savings,
investing, and compound interest to the challenges of Social Security by
introducing personal retirement accounts into the system. Americans
would own these assets. After all, it is their money. They would see
more retirement income, and that's necessary as people live longer
lives. And as importantly, they would be able to pass these accounts on
to their children.
Franklin Roosevelt told the U.S. Congress in 1935 that his goals for
Social Security included providing a secure retirement to American
workers and making sure all Americans could build their personal wealth.
We must dedicate ourselves to both those goals.
At a time when older Americans have longer lives and more options
than ever before, we need to ensure they have access not just to a
monthly check but to personal wealth. And I mean all Americans, not just
a few but all Americans, especially women and minorities who are often
shortchanged by the current Social Security system.
Robert Johnson, the CEO of Black
Entertainment Television, explains it this way, ``African Americans die
earlier, therefore receiving less in the form of Social Security pay-
outs. One of the ways to address this is through the use of wealth-
generating private accounts that form part of an estate opportunity for
African Americans.'' And Lea Abdnor, a member of
the President's Commission to Strengthen Social Security, as was Mr.
Johnson, said, ``I believe very strongly that we have to give women the
opportunity to create ownership and wealth
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for the first time.'' And I couldn't agree more.
My administration is working to expand growth and opportunity in our
economy. That's why we cut the taxes. And we've got to make sure
opportunity is available as a result of people being able to own
something, own their own money so they can manage it themselves, own
their own portfolio, have the capacity to generate wealth. The
generation of wealth should not be limited to a few in our society; it
ought to be an opportunity for everybody. There's nothing better than
providing the incentive to say, ``This is my asset base. I own it. I
will live on it in retirement, and I will then pass it on to somebody in
my own family.''
If you own something in America, you own a stake in America's
future. And a good retirement vision, a good retirement future says that
we must reform Social Security, not only for the good of the system but,
as importantly, for the good of American workers who work all their life
so that they can have an asset base to call their own.
So as you continue to meet, I hope that you will think not only
about the short-term issues we face but how best to make sure that the
retirement promises are kept, and how to make sure that as we devise--
come up with new systems and new structures, that we fundamentally
change America for the better, that we make the system open, and that
opportunity extends its reach throughout every neighborhood. It is such
a wonderful opportunity for the country, and I hope you join me in
seizing it.
I want to thank you for giving me the chance to come by.
Elaine is right; I do worry about the
security of the American people. I worry about the security of those who
retire. And I want you to know, every day I'm worried about the homeland
security, too. Every day we wake up--I wake up and go into the beautiful
Oval Office and read about threats to the United States, and it reminds
me that the security of this country is my most important job.
And I want to assure you all that our administration is doing
everything that we possibly can to make sure innocent Americans do not
lose their lives here at home. We're running down every lead. We're
following every hint, every suggestion, every opportunity to chase down
some possible clue of an attack. We are doing it. And I'm proud of our
law enforcement officers at the Federal, State, and local level for
their diligence.
But I also want to remind you that in order to make sure the
homeland is secure as it can possibly be for our children and
grandchildren, that we must hunt down the killers and would-be killers,
terrorists, Al Qaida terrorists, and bring them to justice. This is
going to require more time than people may want. It's going to require a
patient and determined nation.
But having traveled around the country some, having had a chance to
listen to the American people, I'm proud of the fact that our Nation is
patient and is determined. Because our Nation understands that we fight
for freedom, and anytime our freedom is challenged, we stand strong in
the face of those who would take away our freedom.
Our military is making great strides. I'm proud of the U.S.
military. And as fellow Americans, I will assure you that so long as I'm
the President, I will do whatever it takes to protect the American
people.
I want to thank you for letting me come by. May God bless you all.
Note: The President spoke at 1:23 p.m. in the Presidential Ballroom at
the Capital Hilton Hotel. In his remarks, he referred to Robert L.
Johnson, chairman and chief executive officer, BET Holdings, Inc.; and
Leanne Abdnor, former executive director, Alliance for Retirement
Security.
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