[Public Papers of the Presidents of the United States: William J. Clinton (1999, Book I)]
[January 19, 1999]
[Pages 62-71]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office www.gpo.gov]



Address Before a Joint Session of the Congress on the State of the Union
January 19, 1999

    Mr. Speaker, Mr. Vice President, Members of Congress, honored guests, my fellow 
Americans: Tonight I have the honor of reporting to you on the State of 
the Union.
    Let me begin by saluting the new Speaker of the House and thanking him especially tonight for extending an 
invitation to two guests sitting in the gallery with Mrs. 
Hastert: Lyn Gibson and Wenling Chestnut are 
the widows of the two brave Capitol Hill police officers who gave their 
lives to defend freedom's house.
    Mr. Speaker, at your swearing-in, you 
asked us all to work together in a spirit of civility and 
bipartisanship. Mr. Speaker, let's do exactly that.
    Tonight I stand before you to report that America has created the 
longest peacetime economic expansion in our history with nearly 18 
million new jobs, wages rising at more than twice the rate of inflation, 
the highest homeownership in history, the smallest welfare rolls in 30 
years, and the lowest peacetime unemployment since 1957.
    For the first time in three decades, the budget is balanced. From a 
deficit of $290 billion in 1992, we had a surplus of $70 billion last 
year. And now we are on course for budget surpluses for the next 25 
years.
    Thanks to the pioneering leadership of all of you, we have the 
lowest violent crime rate in a quarter century and the cleanest 
environment in a quarter century. America is a strong force for peace 
from Northern Ireland to Bosnia to the Middle East.
    Thanks to the leadership of Vice President Gore, we have a Government for the information age, once again, 
a Government that is a progressive instrument of the common good--rooted 
in our oldest values of opportunity, responsibility, and community; 
devoted to fiscal responsibility; determined to give our people the 
tools they need to make the most of their own lives in the 21st 
century--a 21st century Government for 21st century America.
    My fellow Americans, I stand before you tonight to report that the 
state of our Union is strong.
    Now, America is working again. The promise of our future is 
limitless. But we cannot realize that promise if we allow the hum of our 
prosperity to lull us into complacency. How we fare as a nation far into 
the 21st century depends upon what we do as a nation today. So with our 
budget surplus growing, our economy expanding, our confidence rising, 
now is the moment for this generation to meet our historic 
responsibility to the 21st century.
    Our fiscal discipline gives us an unsurpassed opportunity to address 
a remarkable new challenge, the aging of America. With the number of 
elderly Americans set to double by 2030, the baby boom will become a 
senior boom. So

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first, and above all, we must save Social Security for the 21st century.
    Early in this century, being old meant being poor. When President 
Roosevelt created Social Security, thousands wrote to thank him for 
eliminating what one woman called ``the stark terror of penniless, 
helpless old age.'' Even today, without Social Security, half our 
Nation's elderly would be forced into poverty.
    Today, Social Security is strong. But by 2013, payroll taxes will no 
longer be sufficient to cover monthly payments. By 2032, the Trust Fund 
will be exhausted and Social Security will be unable to pay the full 
benefits older Americans have been promised.
    The best way to keep Social Security a rock-solid guarantee is not 
to make drastic cuts in benefits, not to raise payroll tax rates, not to 
drain resources from Social Security in the name of saving it. Instead, 
I propose that we make the historic decision to invest the surplus to 
save Social Security.
    Specifically, I propose that we commit 60 percent of the budget 
surplus for the next 15 years to Social Security, investing a small 
portion in the private sector, just as any private or State Government 
pension would do. This will earn a higher return and keep Social 
Security sound for 55 years.
    But we must aim higher. We should put Social Security on a sound 
footing for the next 75 years. We should reduce poverty among elderly 
women, who are nearly twice as likely to be poor as our other seniors. 
And we should eliminate the limits on what seniors on Social Security 
can earn.
    Now, these changes will require difficult but fully achievable 
choices, over and above the dedication of the surplus. They must be made 
on a bipartisan basis. They should be made this year. So let me say to 
you tonight, I reach out my hand to all of you in both Houses, in both 
parties, and ask that we join together in saying to the American people: 
We will save Social Security now.
    Now, last year we wisely reserved all of the surplus until we knew 
what it would take to save Social Security. Again, I say, we shouldn't 
spend any of it, not any of it, until after Social Security is truly 
saved. First things first.
    Second, once we have saved Social Security, we must fulfill our 
obligation to save and improve Medicare. Already, we have extended the 
life of the Medicare Trust Fund by 10 years, but we should extend it for 
at least another decade. Tonight I propose that we use one out of every 
$6 in the surplus for the next 15 years to guarantee the soundness of 
Medicare until the year 2020.
    But again, we should aim higher. We must be willing to work in a 
bipartisan way and look at new ideas, including the upcoming report of 
the bipartisan Medicare Commission. If we work together, we can secure 
Medicare for the next two decades and cover the greatest growing need of 
seniors, affordable prescription drugs.
    Third, we must help all Americans, from their first day on the job, 
to save, to invest, to create wealth. From its beginning, Americans have 
supplemented Social Security with private pensions and savings. Yet 
today, millions of people retire with little to live on other than 
Social Security. Americans living longer than ever simply must save more 
than ever.
    Therefore, in addition to saving Social Security and Medicare, I 
propose a new pension initiative for retirement security in the 21st 
century. I propose that we use a little over 11 percent of the surplus 
to establish universal savings accounts--USA accounts--to give all 
Americans the means to save. With these new accounts, Americans can 
invest as they choose and receive funds to match a portion of their 
savings, with extra help for those least able to save. USA accounts will 
help all Americans to share in our Nation's wealth and to enjoy a more 
secure retirement. I ask you to support them.
    Fourth, we must invest in long-term care. I propose a tax credit of 
$1,000 for the aged, ailing or disabled, and the families who care for 
them. Long-term care will become a bigger and bigger challenge with the 
aging of America, and we must do more to help our families deal with it.
    I was born in 1946, the first year of the baby boom. I can tell you 
that one of the greatest concerns of our generation is our absolute 
determination not to let our growing old place an intolerable burden on 
our children and their ability to raise our grandchildren. Our economic 
success and our fiscal discipline now give us an opportunity to lift 
that burden from their shoulders, and we should take it.
    Saving Social Security, Medicare, creating USA accounts, this is the 
right way to use the surplus. If we do so--if we do so--we will still 
have resources to meet critical needs in education and defense. And I 
want to point out

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that this proposal is fiscally sound. Listen to this: If we set aside 60 
percent of the surplus for Social Security and 16 percent for Medicare, 
over the next 15 years, that saving will achieve the lowest level of 
publicly held debt since right before World War I, in 1917.
    So with these four measures--saving Social Security, strengthening 
Medicare, establishing the USA accounts, supporting long-term care--we 
can begin to meet our generation's historic responsibility to establish 
true security for 21st century seniors.
    Now, there are more children from more diverse backgrounds in our 
public schools than at any time in our history. Their education must 
provide the knowledge and nurture the creativity that will allow our 
entire Nation to thrive in the new economy.
    Today we can say something we couldn't say 6 years ago: With tax 
credits and more affordable student loans, with more work-study grants 
and more Pell grants, with education IRA's and the new HOPE scholarship 
tax cut that more than 5 million Americans will receive this year, we 
have finally opened the doors of college to all Americans.
    With our support, nearly every State has set higher academic 
standards for public schools, and a voluntary national test is being 
developed to measure the progress of our students. With over $1 billion 
in discounts available this year, we are well on our way to our goal of 
connecting every classroom and library to the Internet.
    Last fall, you passed our proposal to start hiring 100,000 new 
teachers to reduce class size in the early grades. Now I ask you to 
finish the job.
    You know, our children are doing better. SAT scores are up; math 
scores have risen in nearly all grades. But there's a problem. While our 
fourth graders outperform their peers in other countries in math and 
science, our eighth graders are around average, and our twelfth graders 
rank near the bottom. We must do better. Now, each year the National 
Government invests more than $15 billion in our public schools. I 
believe we must change the way we invest that money, to support what 
works and to stop supporting what does not work.
    First, later this year, I will send to Congress a plan that, for the 
first time, holds States and school districts accountable for progress 
and rewards them for results. My ``Education Accountability Act'' will 
require every school district receiving Federal help to take the 
following five steps.
    First, all schools must end social promotion. No child should 
graduate from high school with a diploma he or she can't read. We do our 
children no favors when we allow them to pass from grade to grade 
without mastering the material. But we can't just hold students back 
because the system fails them. So my balanced budget triples the funding 
for summer school and after-school programs, to keep a million children 
learning.
    Now, if you doubt this will work, just look at Chicago, which ended 
social promotion and made summer school mandatory for those who don't 
master the basics. Math and reading scores are up 3 years running, with 
some of the biggest gains in some of the poorest neighborhoods. It will 
work, and we should do it.
    Second, all States and school districts must turn around their worst 
performing schools or shut them down. That's the policy established in 
North Carolina by Governor Jim Hunt. 
North Carolina made the biggest gains in test scores in the Nation last 
year. Our budget includes $200 million to help States turn around their 
own failing schools.
    Third, all States and school districts must be held responsible for 
the quality of their teachers. The great majority of our teachers do a 
fine job. But in too many schools, teachers don't have college majors or 
even minors in the subjects they teach. New teachers should be required 
to pass performance exams, and all teachers should know the subjects 
they're teaching. This year's balanced budget contains resources to help 
them reach higher standards.
    And to attract talented young teachers to the toughest assignments, 
I recommend a sixfold increase in our program for college scholarships 
for students who commit to teach in the inner cities and isolated rural 
areas and in Indian communities. Let us bring excellence to every part 
of America.
    Fourth, we must empower parents with more information and more 
choices. In too many communities, it's easier to get information on the 
quality of the local restaurants than on the quality of the local 
schools. Every school district should issue report cards on every 
school. And parents should be given more choices in selecting their 
public school. When I became President, there was just one independent 
public

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charter school in all America. With our support, on a bipartisan basis, 
today there are 1,100. My budget assures that early in the next century, 
there will be 3,000.
    Fifth, to assure that our classrooms are truly places of learning 
and to respond to what teachers have been asking us to do for years, we 
should say that all States and school districts must both adopt and 
implement sensible discipline policies.
    Now, let's do one more thing for our children. Today, too many 
schools are so old they're falling apart, or so over-crowded students 
are learning in trailers. Last fall, Congress missed the opportunity to 
change that. This year, with 53 million children in our schools, 
Congress must not miss that opportunity again. I ask you to help our 
communities build or modernize 5,000 schools.
    If we do these things--end social promotion; turn around failing 
schools; build modern ones; support qualified teachers; promote 
innovation, competition and discipline--then we will begin to meet our 
generation's historic responsibility to create 21st century schools.
    Now, we also have to do more to support the millions of parents who 
give their all every day at home and at work. The most basic tool of all 
is a decent income. So let's raise the minimum wage by a dollar an hour 
over the next 2 years. And let's make sure that women and men get equal 
pay for equal work by strengthening enforcement of equal pay laws. 
[Applause] That was encouraging, you know. [Laughter] There was more 
balance on the seesaw. I like that. Let's give them a hand. That's 
great. [Applause]
    Working parents also need quality child care. So again this year, I 
ask Congress to support our plan for tax credits and subsidies for 
working families, for improved safety and quality, for expanded after-
school programs. And our plan also includes a new tax credit for stay-
at-home parents, too. They need support, as well.
    Parents should never have to worry about choosing between their 
children and their work. Now, the Family and Medical Leave Act, the very 
first bill I signed into law, has now, since 1993, helped millions and 
millions of Americans to care for a newborn baby or an ailing relative 
without risking their jobs. I think it's time, with all the evidence 
that it has been so little burdensome to employers, to extend family 
leave to 10 million more Americans working for smaller companies. And I 
hope you will support it.
    Finally on the matter of work, parents should never have to face 
discrimination in the workplace. So I want to ask Congress to prohibit 
companies from refusing to hire or promote workers simply because they 
have children. That is not right.
    America's families deserve the world's best medical care. Thanks to 
bipartisan Federal support for medical research, we are now on the verge 
of new treatments to prevent or delay diseases, from Parkinson's to 
Alzheimer's to arthritis to cancer. But as we continue our advances in 
medical science, we can't let our medical system lag behind. Managed 
care has literally transformed medicine in America, driving down costs 
but threatening to drive down quality as well.
    I think we ought to say to every American: You should have the right 
to know all your medical options, not just the cheapest. If you need a 
specialist, you should have a right to see one. You have a right to the 
nearest emergency care if you're in an accident. These are things that 
we ought to say. And I think we ought to say: You should have a right to 
keep your doctor during a period of treatment, whether it's a pregnancy 
or a chemotherapy treatment, or anything else. I believe this.
    Now, I've ordered these rights to be extended to the 85 million 
Americans served by Medicare, Medicaid, and other Federal health 
programs. But only Congress can pass a Patients' Bill of Rights for all 
Americans. Now, last year, Congress missed that opportunity, and we must 
not miss that opportunity again. For the sake of our families, I ask us 
to join together across party lines and pass a strong, enforceable 
Patients' Bill of Rights.
    As more of our medical records are stored electronically, the 
threats to all our privacy increase. Because Congress has given me the 
authority to act if it does not do so by August, one way or another, we 
can all say to the American people, ``We will protect the privacy of 
medical records, and we will do it this year.''
    Now 2 years ago, the Congress extended health coverage to up to 5 
million children. Now we should go beyond that. We should make it easier 
for small businesses to offer health insurance. We should give people 
between the ages of 55 and 65 who lose their health insurance the chance 
to buy into Medicare. And we

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should continue to ensure access to family planning.
    No one should have to choose between keeping health care and taking 
a job. And therefore, I especially ask you tonight to join hands to pass 
the landmark bipartisan legislation proposed by Senators 
Kennedy and Jeffords, Roth, and 
Moynihan to allow people with 
disabilities to keep their health insurance when they go to work.
    We need to enable our public hospitals, our community, our 
university health centers to provide basic, affordable care for all the 
millions of working families who don't have any insurance. They do a lot 
of that today, but much more can be done. And my balanced budget makes a 
good downpayment toward that goal. I hope you will think about them and 
support that provision.
    Let me say we must step up our efforts to treat and prevent mental 
illness. No American should ever be afraid--ever--to address this 
disease. This year we will host a White House Conference on Mental 
Health. With sensitivity, commitment, and passion, Tipper Gore is leading our efforts here, and I'd like to thank her 
for what she's done. Thank you. [Applause] Thank you.
    As everyone knows, our children are targets of a massive media 
campaign to hook them on cigarettes. Now, I ask this Congress to resist 
the tobacco lobby, to reaffirm the FDA's authority to protect our 
children from tobacco, and to hold tobacco companies accountable while 
protecting tobacco farmers.
    Smoking has cost taxpayers hundreds of billions of dollars under 
Medicare and other programs. You know, the States have been right about 
this: Taxpayers shouldn't pay for the cost of lung cancer, emphysema, 
and other smoking-related illnesses; the tobacco companies should. So 
tonight I announce that the Justice Department is preparing a litigation 
plan to take the tobacco companies to court and, with the funds we 
recover, to strengthen Medicare.
    Now, if we act in these areas--minimum wage, family leave, child 
care, health care, the safety of our children--then we will begin to 
meet our generation's historic responsibility to strengthen our families 
for the 21st century.
    Today, America is the most dynamic, competitive, job-creating 
economy in history. But we can do even better in building a 21st century 
economy that embraces all Americans.
    Today's income gap is largely a skills gap. Last year, the Congress 
passed a law enabling workers to get a skills grant to choose the 
training they need. And I applaud all of you here who were part of that. 
This year, I recommend a 5-year commitment to the new system so that we 
can provide, over the next 5 years, appropriate training opportunities 
for all Americans who lose their jobs and expand rapid response teams to 
help all towns which have been really hurt when businesses close. I hope 
you will support this.
    Also, I ask your support for a dramatic increase in Federal support 
for adult literacy, to mount a national campaign aimed at helping the 
millions and millions of working people who still read at less than a 
fifth grade level. We need to do this.
    Here's some good news: In the past 6 years, we have cut the welfare 
rolls nearly in half. You can all be proud of that. Two years ago, from 
this podium, I asked five companies to lead a national effort to hire 
people off welfare. Tonight, our Welfare to Work Partnership includes 
10,000 companies who have hired hundreds of thousands of people. And our 
balanced budget will help another 200,000 people move to the dignity and 
pride of work. I hope you will support it.
    We must do more to bring the spark of private enterprise to every 
corner of America, to build a bridge from Wall Street to Appalachia to 
the Mississippi Delta to our Native American communities, with more 
support for community development banks, for empowerment zones, for 
100,000 more vouchers for affordable housing. And I ask Congress to 
support our bold new plan to help businesses raise up to $15 billion in 
private sector capital to bring jobs and opportunities to our inner 
cities and rural areas with tax credits, loan guarantees, including the 
new ``American Private Investment Company'' modeled on the Overseas 
Private Investment Company. For years and years and years, we've had 
this OPIC, this Overseas Private Investment Corporation, because we knew 
we had untapped markets overseas. But our greatest untapped markets are 
not overseas; they are right here at home. And we should go after them.
    We must work hard to help bring prosperity back to the family farm. 
As this Congress knows very well, dropping prices and the loss of 
foreign markets have devastated too many family farms.

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Last year, the Congress provided substantial assistance to help stave 
off a disaster in American agriculture. And I am ready to work with 
lawmakers of both parties to create a farm safety net that will include 
crop insurance reform and farm income assistance. I ask you to join with 
me and do this. This should not be a political issue. Everyone knows 
what an economic problem is going on out there in rural America today, 
and we need an appropriate means to address it.
    We must strengthen our lead in technology. It was Government 
investment that led to the creation of the Internet. I propose a 28-
percent increase in long-term computing research. We also must be ready 
for the 21st century from its very first moment, by solving the so-
called Y2K computer problem.
    We had one Member of Congress stand up and applaud. [Laughter] And 
we may have about that ratio out there applauding at home, in front of 
their television sets. But remember, this is a big, big problem. And 
we've been working hard on it. Already, we've made sure that the Social 
Security checks will come on time. But I want all the folks at home 
listening to this to know that we need every State and local government, 
every business, large and small, to work with us to make sure that this 
Y2K computer bug will be remembered as the last headache of the 20th 
century, not the first crisis of the 21st.
    For our own prosperity, we must support economic growth abroad. You 
know, until recently, a third of our economic growth came from exports. 
But over the past year and a half, financial turmoil overseas has put 
that growth at risk. Today, much of the world is in recession, with Asia 
hit especially hard. This is the most serious financial crisis in half a 
century. To meet it, the United States and other nations have reduced 
interest rates and strengthened the International Monetary Fund. And 
while the turmoil is not over, we have worked very hard with other 
nations to contain it.
    At the same time, we have to continue to work on the long-term 
project, building a global financial system for the 21st century that 
promotes prosperity and tames the cycle of boom and bust that has 
engulfed so much of Asia. This June I will meet with other world leaders 
to advance this historic purpose, and I ask all of you to support our 
endeavors.
    I also ask you to support creating a freer and fairer trading system 
for 21st century America. I'd like to say something really serious to 
everyone in this Chamber in both parties. I think trade has divided us, 
and divided Americans outside this Chamber, for too long. Somehow we 
have to find a common ground on which business and workers and 
environmentalists and farmers and Government can stand together. I 
believe these are the things we ought to all agree on. So let me try.
    First, we ought to tear down barriers, open markets, and expand 
trade. But at the same time, we must ensure that ordinary citizens in 
all countries actually benefit from trade, a trade that promotes the 
dignity of work and the rights of workers and protects the environment. 
We must insist that international trade organizations be more open to 
public scrutiny, instead of mysterious, secret things subject to wild 
criticism. When you come right down to it, now that the world economy is 
becoming more and more integrated, we have to do in the world what we 
spent the better part of this century doing here at home. We have got to 
put a human face on the global economy.
    We must enforce our trade laws when imports unlawfully flood our 
Nation. I have already informed the Government of Japan that if that 
nation's sudden surge of steel imports into our country is not reversed, 
America will respond.
    We must help all manufacturers hit hard by the present crisis with 
loan guarantees and other incentives to increase American exports by 
nearly $2 billion.
    I'd like to believe we can achieve a new consensus on trade, based 
on these principles. And I ask the Congress again to join me in this 
common approach and to give the President the trade authority long used 
and now overdue and necessary to advance our prosperity in the 21st 
century.
    Tonight I issue a call to the nations of the world to join the 
United States in a new round of global trade negotiations to expand 
exports of services, manufactures, and farm products. Tonight I say we 
will work with the International Labor Organization on a new initiative 
to raise labor standards around the world. And this year, we will lead 
the international community to conclude a treaty to ban abusive child 
labor everywhere in the world.
    If we do these things--invest in our people, our communities, our 
technology, and lead in

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the global economy--then we will begin to meet our historic 
responsibility to build a 21st century prosperity for America.
    You know, no nation in history has had the opportunity and the 
responsibility we now have to shape a world that is more peaceful, more 
secure, more free. All Americans can be proud that our leadership helped 
to bring peace in Northern Ireland. All Americans can be proud that our 
leadership has put Bosnia on the path to peace. And with our NATO 
allies, we are pressing the Serbian Government to stop its brutal 
repression in Kosovo, to bring those responsible to justice, and to give 
the people of Kosovo the self-government they deserve.
    All Americans can be proud that our leadership renewed hope for 
lasting peace in the Middle East. Some of you were with me last December 
as we watched the Palestinian National Council completely renounce its 
call for the destruction of Israel. Now I ask Congress to provide 
resources so that all parties can implement the Wye agreement to protect 
Israel's security, to stimulate the Palestinian economy, to support our 
friends in Jordan. We must not--we dare not--let them down. I hope you 
will help.
    As we work for peace, we must also meet threats to our Nation's 
security, including increased dangers from outlaw nations and terrorism. 
We will defend our security wherever we are threatened, as we did this 
summer when we struck at Usama bin Ladin's 
network of terror. The bombing of our Embassies in Kenya and Tanzania 
reminds us again of the risks faced every day by those who represent 
America to the world. So let's give them the support they need, the 
safest possible workplaces, and the resources they must have so America 
can continue to lead.
    We must work to keep terrorists from disrupting computer networks. 
We must work to prepare local communities for biological and chemical 
emergencies, to support research into vaccines and treatments.
    We must increase our efforts to restrain the spread of nuclear 
weapons and missiles, from Korea to India and Pakistan. We must expand 
our work with Russia, Ukraine, and other former Soviet nations to 
safeguard nuclear materials and technology so they never fall into the 
wrong hands. Our balanced budget will increase funding for these 
critical efforts by almost two-thirds over the next 5 years.
    With Russia, we must continue to reduce our nuclear arsenals. The 
START II treaty and the framework we have already agreed to for START 
III could cut them by 80 percent from their cold war height.
    It's been 2 years since I signed the Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty. 
If we don't do the right thing, other nations won't either. I ask the 
Senate to take this vital step: Approve the treaty now, to make it 
harder for other nations to develop nuclear arms, and to make sure we 
can end nuclear testing forever.
    For nearly a decade, Iraq has defied its obligations to destroy its 
weapons of terror and the missiles to deliver them. America will 
continue to contain Saddam, and we will work 
for the day when Iraq has a Government worthy of its people.
    Now, last month in our action over Iraq, our troops were superb. 
Their mission was so flawlessly executed that we risk taking for granted 
the bravery and the skill it required. Captain Jeff 
Taliaferro, a 10-year veteran of the 
Air Force, flew a B-1B bomber over Iraq as we attacked Saddam's war 
machine. He's here with us tonight. I'd like to ask you to honor him and 
all the 33,000 men and women of Operation Desert Fox.
    Captain Taliaferro. [Applause]
    It is time to reverse the decline in defense spending that began in 
1985. Since April, together we have added nearly $6 billion to maintain 
our military readiness. My balanced budget calls for a sustained 
increase over the next 6 years for readiness, for modernization, and for 
pay and benefits for our troops and their families. We are the heirs of 
a legacy of bravery represented in every community in America by 
millions of our veterans. America's defenders today still stand ready at 
a moment's notice to go where comforts are few and dangers are many, to 
do what needs to be done as no one else can. They always come through 
for America. We must come through for them.
    The new century demands new partnerships for peace and security. The 
United Nations plays a crucial role, with allies sharing burdens America 
might otherwise bear alone. America needs a strong and effective U.N. I 
want to work with this new Congress to pay our dues and our debts.
    We must continue to support security and stability in Europe and 
Asia, expanding NATO and defining its new missions, maintaining our

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alliance with Japan, with Korea, with our other Asian allies, and 
engaging China.
    In China, last year, I said to the leaders and the people what I'd 
like to say again tonight: Stability can no longer be bought at the 
expense of liberty. But I'd also like to say again to the American 
people: It's important not to isolate China. The more we bring China 
into the world, the more the world will bring change and freedom to 
China.
    Last spring, with some of you, I traveled to Africa, where I saw 
democracy and reform rising but still held back by violence and disease. 
We must fortify African democracy and peace by launching Radio Democracy 
for Africa, supporting the transition to democracy now beginning to take 
place in Nigeria, and passing the ``African Trade and Development Act.''
    We must continue to deepen our ties to the Americas and the 
Caribbean, our common work to educate children, fight drugs, strengthen 
democracy and increase trade. In this hemisphere, every government but 
one is freely chosen by its people. We are determined that Cuba, too, 
will know the blessings of liberty.
    The American people have opened their hearts and their arms to our 
Central American and Caribbean neighbors who have been so devastated by 
the recent hurricanes. Working with Congress, I am committed to help 
them rebuild. When the First Lady and 
Tipper Gore visited the region, they saw 
thousands of our troops and thousands of American volunteers.
    In the Dominican Republic, Hillary helped to rededicate a hospital 
that had been rebuilt by Dominicans and Americans working side by side. 
With her was someone else who has been very important to the relief 
efforts. You know, sports records are made, and sooner or later they're 
broken. But making other people's lives better and showing our children 
the true meaning of brotherhood, that lasts forever. So, for far more 
than baseball, Sammy Sosa, you're a hero in two 
countries tonight. [Applause] Thank you.
    So I say to all of you, if we do these things--if we pursue peace, 
fight terrorism, increase our strength, renew our alliances--we will 
begin to meet our generation's historic responsibility to build a 
stronger 21st century America in a freer, more peaceful world.
    As the world has changed, so have our own communities. We must make 
them safer, more livable, and more united. This year, we will reach our 
goal of 100,000 community police officers ahead of schedule and under 
budget. The Brady bill has stopped a quarter million felons, fugitives, 
and stalkers from buying handguns. And now, the murder rate is the 
lowest in 30 years and the crime rate has dropped for 6 straight years.
    Tonight I propose a 21st century crime bill to deploy the latest 
technologies and tactics to make our communities even safer. Our 
balanced budget will help put up to 50,000 more police on the street in 
the areas hardest hit by crime and then to equip them with new tools, 
from crime-mapping computers to digital mug shots.
    We must break the deadly cycle of drugs and crime. Our budget 
expands support for drug testing and treatment, saying to prisoners: If 
you stay on drugs, you have to stay behind bars; and to those on parole: 
If you want to keep your freedom, you must stay free of drugs.
    I ask Congress to restore the 5-day waiting period for buying a 
handgun and extend the Brady bill to prevent juveniles who commit 
violent crimes from buying a gun.
    We must do more to keep our schools the safest places in our 
communities. Last year, every American was horrified and heartbroken by 
the tragic killings in Jonesboro, Paducah, Pearl, Edinboro, Springfield. 
We were deeply moved by the courageous parents now working to keep guns 
out of the hands of children and to make other efforts so that other 
parents don't have to live through their loss.
    After she lost her daughter, Suzann Wilson 
of Jonesboro, Arkansas, came here to the White House with a powerful 
plea. She said, ``Please, please, for the sake of your children, lock up 
your guns. Don't let what happened in Jonesboro happen in your town.'' 
It's a message she is passionately advocating every day. Suzann is here 
with us tonight, with the First Lady. I'd like to thank her for her 
courage and her commitment. [Applause] Thank you.
    In memory of all the children who lost their lives to school 
violence, I ask you to strengthen the Safe and Drug-Free School Act, to 
pass legislation to require child trigger locks, to do everything 
possible to keep our children safe.
    A century ago, President Theodore Roosevelt defined our ``great, 
central task'' as ``leaving this land even a better land for our 
descendants than it is for us.'' Today, we're restoring the Florida 
Everglades, saving Yellowstone, preserving the red rock canyons of Utah, 
protecting

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California's redwoods and our precious coasts. But our most fateful new 
challenge is the threat of global warming; 1998 was the warmest year 
ever recorded. Last year's heat waves, floods, and storms are but a hint 
of what future generations may endure if we do not act now.
    Tonight I propose a new clean air fund to help communities reduce 
greenhouse and other pollution, and tax incentives and investments to 
spur clean energy technology. And I want to work with Members of 
Congress in both parties to reward companies that take early, voluntary 
action to reduce greenhouse gases.
    All our communities face a preservation challenge, as they grow and 
green space shrinks. Seven thousand acres of farmland and open space are 
lost every day. In response, I propose two major initiatives: First, a 
$1-billion livability agenda to help communities save open space, ease 
traffic congestion, and grow in ways that enhance every citizen's 
quality of life; and second, a $1-billion lands legacy initiative to 
preserve places of natural beauty all across America, from the most 
remote wilderness to the nearest city park.
    These are truly landmark initiatives, which could not have been 
developed without the visionary leadership of the Vice President, and I 
want to thank him very much for his commitment here.
    Now, to get the most out of your community, you have to give 
something back. That's why we created AmeriCorps, our national service 
program that gives today's generation a chance to serve their 
communities and earn money for college.
    So far, in just 4 years, 100,000 young Americans have built low-
income homes with Habitat for Humanity, helped to tutor children with 
churches, worked with FEMA to ease the burden of natural disasters, and 
performed countless other acts of service that have made America better. 
I ask Congress to give more young Americans the chance to follow their 
lead and serve America in AmeriCorps.
    Now, we must work to renew our national community as well for the 
21st century. Last year the House passed the bipartisan campaign finance 
reform legislation sponsored by Representatives Shays and Meehan and 
Senators McCain and Feingold. But a partisan minority in the Senate blocked reform. So 
I'd like to say to the House: Pass it again, quickly. And I'd like to 
say to the Senate: I hope you will say yes to a stronger American 
democracy in the year 2000.
    Since 1997, our initiative on race has sought to bridge the divides 
between and among our people. In its report last fall, the initiative's 
advisory board found that Americans really do want to bring our people 
together across racial lines.
    We know it's been a long journey. For some, it goes back to before 
the beginning of our Republic; for others, back since the Civil War; for 
others, throughout the 20th century. But for most of us alive today, in 
a very real sense, this journey began 43 years ago, when a woman named 
Rosa Parks sat down on a bus in Alabama and 
wouldn't get up. She's sitting down with the First Lady tonight, and she 
may get up or not, as she chooses. We thank her. [Applause] Thank you, 
Rosa.
    We know that our continuing racial problems are aggravated, as the 
Presidential initiative said, by opportunity gaps. The initiative I've 
outlined tonight will help to close them. But we know that the 
discrimination gap has not been fully closed either. Discrimination or 
violence because of race or religion, ancestry or gender, disability or 
sexual orientation, is wrong, and it ought to be illegal. Therefore, I 
ask Congress to make the ``Employment Non-Discrimination Act'' and the 
``Hate Crimes Prevention Act'' the law of the land.
    Now, since every person in America counts, every American ought to 
be counted. We need a census that uses modern scientific methods to do 
that.
    Our new immigrants must be part of our One America. After all, 
they're revitalizing our cities; they're energizing our culture; they're 
building up our economy. We have a responsibility to make them welcome 
here, and they have a responsibility to enter the mainstream of American 
life. That means learning English and learning about our democratic 
system of government. There are now long waiting lines of immigrants 
that are trying to do just that. Therefore, our budget significantly 
expands our efforts to help them meet their responsibility. I hope you 
will support it.
    Whether our ancestors came here on the Mayflower, on slave ships, 
whether they came to Ellis Island or LAX in Los Angeles, whether they 
came yesterday or walked this land a thousand years ago, our great 
challenge for the 21st century is to find a way to be one America.

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We can meet all the other challenges if we can go forward as one 
America.
    You know, barely more than 300 days from now, we will cross that 
bridge into the new millennium. This is a moment, as the First Lady has 
said, ``to honor the past and imagine the future.''
    I'd like to take just a minute to honor her. For leading our Millennium Project, for all she's done 
for our children, for all she has done in her historic role to serve our 
Nation and our best ideals at home and abroad, I honor her. [Applause]
    Last year, I called on Congress and every citizen to mark the 
millennium by saving America's treasures. Hillary has traveled all across the country to inspire 
recognition and support for saving places like Thomas Edison's invention 
factory or Harriet Tubman's home. Now we have to preserve our treasures 
in every community. And tonight, before I close, I want to invite every 
town, every city, every community to become a nationally recognized 
``millennium community'' by launching projects that save our history, 
promote our arts and humanities, prepare our children for the 21st 
century.
    Already, the response has been remarkable. And I want to say a 
special word of thanks to our private sector partners and to Members in 
Congress of both parties for their support. Just one example: Because of 
you, the Star-Spangled Banner will be preserved for the ages. In ways 
large and small, as we look to the millennium we are keeping alive what 
George Washington called ``the sacred fire of liberty.''
    Six years ago, I came to office in a time of doubt for America, with 
our economy troubled, our deficit high, our people divided. Some even 
wondered whether our best days were behind us. But across this country, 
in a thousand neighborhoods, I have seen, even amidst the pain and 
uncertainty of recession, the real heart and character of America. I 
knew then that we Americans could renew this country.
    Tonight, as I deliver the last State of the Union Address of the 
20th century, no one anywhere in the world can doubt the enduring 
resolve and boundless capacity of the American people to work toward 
that ``more perfect Union'' of our Founders' dream.
    We're now at the end of a century when generation after generation 
of Americans answered the call to greatness, overcoming depression, 
lifting up the disposed, bringing down barriers to racial prejudice, 
building the largest middle class in history, winning two World Wars and 
the long twilight struggle of the cold war. We must all be profoundly 
grateful for the magnificent achievement of our forebears in this 
century. Yet perhaps, in the daily press of events, in the clash of 
controversy, we don't see our own time for what it truly is, a new dawn 
for America.
    A hundred years from tonight, another American President will stand 
in this place and report on the state of the Union. He--or she--he or 
she will look back on a 21st century shaped in so many ways by the 
decisions we make here and now. So let it be said of us then that we 
were thinking not only of our time but of their time, that we reached as 
high as our ideals, that we put aside our divisions and found a new hour 
of healing and hopefulness, that we joined together to serve and 
strengthen the land we love.
    My fellow Americans, this is our moment. Let us lift our eyes as one 
Nation, and from the mountaintop of this American Century, look ahead to 
the next one, asking God's blessing on our endeavors and on our beloved 
country.
    Thank you, and good evening.

Note: The President spoke at 9:10 p.m. in the House Chamber of the 
Capitol. In his remarks, he referred to Jean Hastert, wife of Speaker J. 
Dennis Hastert; Evelyn M. (Lyn) Gibson, widow of Detective John M. 
Gibson, and Wenling Chestnut, widow of Officer Jacob J. Chestnut, whose 
husbands died as a result of gunshot wounds suffered during an attack at 
the Capitol on July 24, 1998; terrorist Usama bin Ladin, who allegedly 
sponsored bombing attacks on the U.S. Embassies in Kenya and Tanzania on 
August 7, 1998; President Saddam Hussein of Iraq; Capt. Jeffrey B. 
Taliaferro, USAF, Chief, Wing Weapons, 28th Operations Support Squadron, 
28th Bomb Wing; and Sammy Sosa, National League Most Valuable Player in 
1998.