    [Public Papers of the Presidents of the United States: William J. Clinton (1997, Book II)]
    [September 27, 1997]
    [Pages 1259-1261]
    [From the U.S. Government Publishing Office www.gpo.gov]

    Remarks at a Candlelight Vigil Honoring the Little Rock Nine in Little
    Rock
    September 27, 1997

        Thank you very much, Leta. Dr. and Mrs. Titus, members of the board,
    Tianka Mitchell, and students and faculty. Let me say, I thought Tianka
    did a fine job representing the students here and spoke very well.
        Hillary and I are delighted to be joined by a number of members of
    our administration, including Secretary of Transportation Rodney Slater,
    Bob Nash, and Janis Kearney and Carroll Willis. And there may be others
    here, but I thank them all for coming.
        I know there are a lot of officials out there. I see Senator Walker
    and Mayor Hays, and I'm sure there are others. I thank you for coming.
    Thank you, Daisy Bates. Reverend clergy, thank you for coming. And
    especially, of course, to the Little Rock Nine, I'm delighted to see all
    of you. We're really getting to be old friends now. [Laughter]
        And you just heard an address from the person I have picked to be
    chief of the Presidential speechwriting division for the remainder of my
    term in office. That was a terrific job, not only because he spoke so
    well but because of what he spoke. And I want to come back to that in a
    moment.
        I love Philander Smith. I used to jog by here most every morning. If
    it wasn't too early, usually the students would be out walking around
    and say hello to me. I've seen the physical improvements in the campus,
    and they're very impressive, and I congratulate you on them. You know
    Carroll Willis and Lottie Shackelford and my great friend the late
    Mahlon Martin all were graduates of Philander Smith, so I have been
    personally benefited by this school. And I thank you for that.
        But I have to say a special word of appreciation to the choir,
    because the choir was the first choir from an historically black college
    to sing at the Presidential Inauguration--mine, in 1992. And I thank you
    very much for that. They've been back to Washington quite a few times
    since, and it's always a better place when they're there.
        Let me say, tonight especially we have come, I would hope, to do two
    things. Nothing we can ever do, I think, will equal the emotional impact
    that the ceremony the day before yesterday in front of Central High
    School had not only on our State but, I think, on the entire country. I
    was in Texas yesterday and person after person after person came up to
    me, just overwhelmed by what they saw on the television and by the sight
    of the Little Rock Nine walking through the front doors, unimpeded.
        As I understand it, the first thing we wish to do, and one which Dr.
    Roberts has already spoken about, is to acknowledge that there were
    others who may never have gotten their names in the newspapers, who had
    a lot to do with the way these young people turned into successful
    adults and were able to carry on their courageous struggle: parents and
    family members who were threatened with the loss of their jobs;
    neighbors who gave them everything from money to food to transportation;
    and of course the faculty here at Philander Smith who volunteered to
    tutor them, an extraordinary gift. And I would say to all of you who
    were involved

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    in that, they all turned out pretty well, and I thank you for that.
        The second thing that I would like to respectfully suggest is that
    as we participate in this candlelight vigil, I would like to return to
    something I said at the end of my remarks. I think it is important, very
    important in life, perhaps the most important thing of all, obviously,
    to have a reconciled heart, to do things in the right way for the right
    reasons. But at some point it's also important that you do the right
    things, that the things you are doing make sense and move forward in our
    eternal struggle to open up genuine opportunity and make genuine
    advances. We can do better.
        After the ceremony on Thursday, just for example, I stayed outside
    quite a long while. And I know a lot of people had to go in, it was very
    hot, but there were so many people there who had stayed there, and I
    wanted to shake their hands and listen to them, and there were
    especially a lot of young people there. And I shook hands, I'll bet, for
    an hour at the ceremony. And one young man came up to me and said--he
    appeared to be a high-school-age student--and he said, ``Mr.
    President,'' he said, ``I like this, and I like what you've said. But
    what are we going to do about all of us who are being dragged into these
    gangs, and how are we going to save kids' lives and keep them from doing
    that?''
        So that's as good a place to start as any. If we have the right
    attitude about this and we know that one thing we have to do is to open
    up genuine access to educational opportunity and make sure whatever
    educational opportunity any child has in this district, it is excellence
    personified, how are we going to get all the children there in a
    position to take advantage of it?
        I've worked hard in the last 5 years to make our streets and our
    neighborhoods and our schools safe. But we're still losing too many of
    our kids to gangs and to guns and to drugs. We are. You know, in the
    generation where we grew up, one of the reasons they did so well is that
    their parents and their grandparents and their neighbors instilled in
    them a code of conduct which meant if they ever got the least little
    chance, they would make the most of it. If they ever got the least
    little chance, they would make the most of it.
        How many of our children today are not given that? And are all their
    neighbors doing everything they can to make sure that if they get the
    least little chance, they'll make the most of it? Are all of us who are
    interested in volunteering in the schools equally willing to walk the
    neighborhoods? Are we equally willing to walk on a street that is
    unfamiliar and walk into a home that we may not know and do what it
    takes in a personal way to try to rescue our children?
        I spent a day in Boston not very long ago, and I went up there for a
    particular reason. There has not been a child--not a child--killed by a
    handgun in the city of Boston for almost 2 years--2 years. Now, it's a
    bigger city than Little Rock, with a lot of tough neighborhoods and a
    lot of poor neighborhoods and a lot of problems. But the police there
    walk the streets, and they walk with parents groups and citizens groups.
    And the probation officers, they make house calls. And the police
    officers, they make house calls. Instead of waiting to bust the kids
    when they get in trouble, they go to the homes and sit down and visit
    with the parents and say, ``Your child needs help. I'm here to help.''
        And they have a delightful group of people that wear T-shirts, and
    they call themselves--no offense to the pastors in the audience--
    Streetwalkers. [Laughter] And they're proud of the double meaning
    because they've turned it on its head, because they're walking the
    streets to save people's lives, not to waste people's lives.
        I say that to make the point that what we owe the Little Rock Nine
    is to do our part in this time to deal with the new problems of this
    time and the unresolved problems of their time, so that when our time is
    done, at least our kids have something else to worry about. At least our
    kids have something else to worry about.
        I'll never--one of the wiser men I ever met in public life was a
    former Secretary of State, United States Senator, and Governor of Maine,
    Edmund Muskie. And when he was still living, in 1983, Hillary and I went
    to Maine to a Governors' meeting. And we were having a very relaxed
    conversation, and I said, ``Mr. Secretary,'' I said, ``of all the jobs
    you ever held, which one did you like the best?'' He said, ``I think I
    liked being Governor the best, because I was close to people and their
    problems and their hopes and dreams.'' And I said, ``Well, how do you
    define success for a Governor?'' He said, ``Success is whether you leave
    the person who comes after you a new set of problems

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    or whether they're dealing with the same old problems.'' He said,
    ``Look,'' he said, ``the Bible teaches us that human nature is
    inherently flawed and that there will be problems till the end of time,
    but if you leave your people who come after you the same old problems,
    then you haven't done your job. Leave it up to God to figure out what
    the next generation's problems are going to be. Don't saddle them with
    yours.''
        And so I say to you, that's what I hope you will think about. Think
    about the kids in the gangs. Think about whether they could have made it
    if there hadn't been any neighbors to support them, if there hadn't been
    a Philander Smith to tutor them, if they had had to worry about going
    home and getting run over by somebody who just made a big drug sale, if
    they were estranged from people who were in a violent gang.
        Hillary and I have been with children in cities in this country,
    little children, who said their biggest fear in life was being shot
    going to and from school. We used to have fire drills when I was in
    school, and then we used to have drills about what we would do if there
    were an alert from the Soviet Union dropping a nuclear weapon. These
    kids used to have gun drills, and they practiced dropping themselves on
    the floor in case they heard gunshots. Now, that's the problem of our
    generation. We dare not give that to the next generation.
        And I could just tell you, the reason I wanted to have this dialog
    on race is that I think that our racial diversity is the biggest
    advantage we've got going into the future if we can get our hearts
    right, if we can think right, but if we can do the right things.
        So my pledge to the Little Rock Nine, and I hope yours will be, is
    that we can't promise to leave our children with no problems, but let's
    promise them that we'll get rid of the ones that they're facing today.
    And they'll do just fine.
        Thank you, and God bless you.

    Note: The President spoke at 5:45 p.m. on the lawn of the Administration
    Building at Philander Smith College. In his remarks, he referred to Leta
    Anthony, president, Leadership Roundtable, and director of the
    candlelight vigil program; Myer L. Titus, president, Philander Smith
    College, and his wife, Constance; Tianka Mitchell, student government
    president; Arkansas State Senator Bill Walker; Mayor Patrick Henry Hays
    of North Little Rock; Daisy Bates, publisher and founder, Arkansas State
    Press newspaper and advocate of the Little Rock Nine in 1957; the late
    Mahlon Martin, first minority director of the Arkansas State Finance
    Department; and Carroll Willis, director, communications services
    division, and Lottie Shackelford, vice chair for women's advocacy,
    Democratic National Committee. The President also referred to the Little
    Rock Nine: Jefferson Thomas, Ernest Green, Minnijean Brown Trickey,
    Carlotta Walls LaNier, Gloria Ray Karlmark, Thelma Mothershed-Wair,
    Elizabeth Eckford, Melba Pattillo Beals, and spokesperson Terrence
    Roberts.