    [Public Papers of the Presidents of the United States: William J. Clinton (1995, Book I)]
    [April 24, 1995]
    [Pages 579-585]
    [From the U.S. Government Publishing Office www.gpo.gov]

    Remarks to the American Association of Community Colleges in
    Minneapolis, Minnesota
    April 24, 1995

        Thank you very much. Secretary Riley, thank you for your
    introduction. If I were you, I would go bowling. [Laughter] We're going
    to save your job. [Laughter] Thank you, Secretary Reich, for your
    enthusiasm, for being enthusiastic about the right things. In your heart
    alone you have enough domestic content to be the Secretary of Labor.
    Thank you, Jacquelyn Belcher and David Pierce. I also want to say how
    very glad I am to be joined here by the distinguished United States
    Senator from Minnesota, Senator Paul Wellstone, and his wife, Sheila,
    who's here; two of our colleagues in the House of Representatives,
    Congressman Bruce Vento and Congressman Bill Luther, also back there.
    Thank you for being here.
        I want to say a special word of congratulations to the 20 students
    who were named to the 1995

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    All-USA Academic Team. I want to thank those who are watching us via
    satellite. And I also want to say a special word about some fine
    students and advocates I met just before I came in here. I met two
    students who have benefited from our direct loan program--I'll talk more
    about them in a moment; two students who are critically interested in
    public assistance to education, because without that they would not have
    been able to go to school; and I met a gentleman who is devoting his
    time to organizing people against the attempt in Washington to start
    charging interest on student loans while students are still in college.
    Sandra Tinsley, Jessica Aviles, Jeffrey Lanes, Robbie Dalton-Kirtley,
    who is also one of the academic team all-Americans, and Dave Dahlgren, I
    thank all of them for meeting with me, and they're here somewhere. If
    they are, they ought to wave or stand up--there's Jeffrey. Thank you.
    Thank you very much.
        Before I begin today to talk about education and training, I'd like
    to say just a word or two if I might, before this audience of educators
    and people who believe in and appreciate the value of free speech, about
    where we are in the aftermath of the Oklahoma bombing and what we are
    going to do about the kind of America our children will inherit.
        Yesterday Hillary and I joined tens of thousands of people in
    Oklahoma City, and of course millions of you all across the country, to
    witness the end result of abject hatred. I was there, as President, to
    represent all of you in the mourning. But also I felt that we were
    there, Hillary and I, as ordinary American citizens as well, as husband
    and wife, as parents, as neighbors of those people.
        No words can do justice to how moving it was to be there yesterday.
    No words can do justice to the courage of those who worked in the rescue
    operation around the clock. And one person has already given her life in
    that endeavor. No words can do justice to the small acts of kindness and
    generosity, all the people in Oklahoma who won't take money at the gas
    station or the local coffee shop or the barber shop or even at the
    airline ticket terminal for people who are there working to try to help
    them put their lives together.
        But I will never forget, more than anything else, the faces and the
    stories of the family members of the victims. I was walking through the
    room shaking hands with them, and I saw a lady with her children who had
    been in the Oval Office just a few weeks ago as her husband left my
    Secret Service detail to go to what seemed to be a less hectic pace of
    duty in Oklahoma City. I saw the children of a man who was a football
    hero at the University of Arkansas when so many people who are now on
    the White House staff were friends of his. The young Air Force sergeant
    took out two pictures his wife had taken f me just 3 weeks ago when I
    visited our troops in Haiti. And she was one of those troops, but she
    came home because we wound down our mission there. And she married her
    fiance, and 3 days later she went to the Federal building to change her
    name. And so he had to give me the pictures his wife took. I saw three
    children, teenage children, with a woman and another child taking care
    of them. One of them had one of my Inaugural buttons on. Their mother
    died last year of an illness. Their father went to our Inaugural, and
    they asked me to sign the pin to their father who is still missing--
    three teenagers losing both parents.
         I could go on and on and on. I say to all of you, first we must
    complete the rescue effort and the recovery effort. Of course, we must
    help that community rebuild. We must arrest, convict, and punish the
    people who committed this terrible, terrible deed, but our
    responsibility does not end there.
        In this country we cherish and guard the right of free speech. We
    know we love it when we put up with people saying things we absolutely
    deplore. And we must always be willing to defend their right to say
    things we deplore to the ultimate degree. But we hear so many loud and
    angry voices in America today whose sole goal seems to be to try to keep
    some people as paranoid as possible and the rest of us all torn up and
    upset with each other. They spread hate. They leave the impression that,
    by their very words, that violence is acceptable. You ought to see--I'm
    sure you are now seeing the reports of some things that are regularly
    said over the airwaves in America today.
        Well, people like that who want to share our freedoms must know that
    their bitter words can have consequences and that freedom has endured in
    this country for more than two centuries because it was coupled with an
    enormous sense of responsibility on the part of the American people.

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        If we are to have freedom to speak, freedom to assemble, and, yes,
    the freedom to bear arms, we must have responsibility as well. And to
    those of us who do not agree with the purveyors of hatred and division,
    with the promoters of paranoia, I remind you that we have freedom of
    speech, too, and we have responsibilities, too. And some of us have not
    discharged our responsibilities. It is time we all stood up and spoke
    against that kind of reckless speech and behavior.
        If they insist on being irresponsible with our common liberties,
    then we must be all the more responsible with our liberties. When they
    talk of hatred, we must stand against them. When they talk of violence,
    we must stand against them. When they say things that are irresponsible,
    that may have egregious consequences, we must call them on it. The
    exercise of their freedom of speech makes our silence all the more
    unforgivable. So exercise yours, my fellow Americans. Our country, our
    future, our way of life is at stake. I never want to look into the faces
    of another set of family members like I saw yesterday, and you can help
    to stop it.
        Our democracy has endured a lot over these last 200 years, and we
    are strong enough today to sort out and work through all these angry
    voices. But we owe it to our children to do our part. Billy Graham got a
    standing ovation yesterday when he said, ``The spirit of our Nation will
    not be defeated.'' I can tell by your response that that is true. But
    you must begin today.
        The little girl who read the poem yesterday at our service said,
    ``Remember the trust of the children. Darkness will not have its day.''
    The trust of the children is what we are here to talk about.
        This whole community college movement has made as big a contribution
    to the future of America as any institutional change in the United
    States in decades. All of you live every day with the future. You have
    important work to do. I ask you only to think of how different what you
    do is from what you have been hearing from the voices of division.
        Why do community colleges work? Well, first of all, they're not
    encumbered by old-fashioned bureaucracies. By and large, they are highly
    entrepreneurial. They are highly flexible. They are really democratic--
    small ``d''--they're open to everybody, right?--in the best sense. They
    are open to everybody. And people work together. And when something
    doesn't work, they go do something else. That's what you do. You do it
    in a spirit of cooperation. You are remarkably unpolitical in that
    sense.
        In other words, every experience you have--and you see people of all
    ages coming through your doors, walking out your doors, going on to
    better, more fulfilling, more satisfying lives, able to help themselves
    and strengthen America in the process. It is the direct antithesis of
    the kind of paranoia and division and hatred that we hear spewed out at
    us all over this country, day-in and day-out, by people exercising their
    free speech to make the rest of us miserable. And it contradicts the
    experience of what works in America.
        So today that is why I have asked you to do this. I also want to
    talk to you a little bit about what I hope we can do in education. You
    want Americans to be more hopeful, you want this to be a more positive
    place, you want people to be rewarded for their labors--strengthen
    education in America. Build the community colleges; open the doors to
    all. That's the way to build the future of this country, not by dividing
    us and bringing us down but by uniting us, building us up, and pointing
    us toward the future.
        You know, I have seen the faces of America's future. I met a 46-
    year-old former welfare mother at San Bernardino Community College, full
    of enthusiasm and hope for the future. I met a 73-year-old Holocaust
    survivor in Kutztown, Pennsylvania, who built a successful business and
    is now committed to investing in the education and training of his
    employees using his local educational institution. I met a 52-year-old
    woman at Galesburg Community College in Illinois, laid off from a
    factory job after 20 years but building a better future.
        Today I met some impressive people. I met this fine young man down
    here, Jeffrey Lanes, who had an injury but didn't let it defeat him.
    Instead, he went back to school with the help of public assistance to
    make a new and better life for himself. But we are better off that he is
    going to have a better life. He is giving us a better America, and we
    thank him for it. And we ought to support opportunities for other people
    just like him.
        I mentioned her before, but when I met Robbie Dalton-Kirtley, who's
    part of the All-USA Academic Team--she's one of these nontraditional
    students. She waited until her young-

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    est child was in kindergarten, and she went back to school. She's from
    Flat Rock, North Carolina. But she is building a future that will
    strengthen not only Flat Rock, North Carolina, and her family but all
    the rest of us as well. So I thank you for what you are doing. And I ask
    you how we can do more of it, and what should we be doing in Government?
        Well, when I ran for President, I ran with a heavy bias toward
    education. I look out on this crowd today, and I see a lot of people
    from our community colleges in Arkansas. I'm proud of the fact that when
    I was Governor we built more of them, we helped to strengthen the ones
    that were there, we helped some of the vocational schools to either
    convert or merge or to become more like, by diversifying their
    curriculum, the community colleges.
        In fact, I was looking at a couple of people out there; I was at
    their places so often they probably wanted me to leave so they could get
    some work done when I was a Governor. [Laughter]
        I ran for President in large measure because I felt that the work of
    America that was being done out in the grassroots, the work of creating
    opportunity and demanding responsibility and rewarding it, was not being
    done in Washington, that we were increasing our Government's debt at a
    rapid rate and unbelievably reducing our investment in our future.I
    believed then and I believe more strongly now that this country has two
    deficits. We've got a budget deficit, but we've got an education deficit
    as well. And we have to cure them both.
        We are still living with the legacy of the explosive debts of the
    last 12 years. The budget cuts we have made already and the taxes we
    have asked the top one and a half percent of our people to pay--listen
    to this--would balance the budget to today. Today we would have a
    balanced budget except for the interest we owe on the debt run up
    between 1981 and the end of 1992. So we are bringing the deficit down.
    We are committed to that, but we have to remember we have more than one
    deficit.
        You heard the Secretary of Labor talking about this, but I have been
    obsessed since the late 1980's with the increasing inequality in
    America. You know, when I was born at the end of World War II, I grew up
    in the American dream. And the great domestic crisis we had was a civil
    rights crisis. And we thought if we could just get over racial
    prejudice, that our economy was so strong, our society was so powerful,
    that the American dream could just be opened up for everyone.
        And from the end of the Second World War until the late seventies,
    that is pretty much what happened. All income groups increased together.
    And in fact, the poorest 20 percent of our people did slightly better
    than the rest of us in terms of where they started. We were growing
    together and going forward.
        Today, we are going forward. Our economy has produced over 6 million
    new jobs. You heard what the Secretary of Labor said: We had the lowest
    combined rate of unemployment and inflation in 25 years, but we are not
    growing together. And that is why so many Americans say they do not feel
    more secure, even though we're having an economic recovery. They say,
    ``Yeah, I read that in the papers, but it's not affecting my life. I
    haven't gotten a raise.''
        Sixty percent of our people are living on the same or lower wages
    than they were making 10 years ago, working a longer work week. Why?
    Because of the combined impact of the global economy, the technology
    revolution, the lack of a Government response to it. In fact, the
    Government response made it worse.
        The minimum wage next year--if we don't raise it this year--the
    minimum wage next year will be at its lowest level in 40 years. That is
    not my idea of how to get to the 21st century. So we have these--
    [applause] Thank you.
        So we basically are splitting apart economically. If you look at it,
    it is clear that the fault line is education. Earnings for high school
    dropouts have dropped at a breath-taking rate in the last 15 years.
    Earnings for high school graduates have dropped at a less dramatic rate.
        The only group for which earnings have increased steadily are
    earnings for people who have at least 2 years of post-high school
    education and training. You, you are at the fault line in America. The
    fault line of American society is education. Those who have it are doing
    well. Those who don't are paying. And the future offers more of the same
    at a faster rate.
        Therefore, it is clear that our common mission, if we want to help
    people help themselves and strengthen this country, must be focused on a
    relentless determination to see that every American lives up to the
    fullest of his or her capacities. It is in our common interest.
        So all these wonderful stories you can tell about your community
    colleges, all these touch-

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    ing individual triumphs, are also the story of America's rebirth at the
    dawn of the 21st century. Make no mistake about it, you are doing more
    than helping individual Americans live out their dreams; you are
    creating the system in which we can keep the American dream alive for
    our country and the American idea alive for all the world in the 21st
    century. If you succeed, we will. You must succeed, and the rest of us
    must make sure we do what we can to help you do it.
        I want to make some brief points today about what we are trying to
    achieve in this Congress and what we are trying to stop from being
    achieved in this Congress. And I want to ask for your help.
        In the last 2 years, we had broad bipartisan support for the most
    substantial increased effort by the National Government to support
    education in a generation: big increases in Head Start; world-class
    standards for our schools and more flexibility for our teachers, our
    parents, our administrations, and our students to meet them; school-to-
    work programs so our young people who don't go on to 4-year colleges
    would have the opportunity to move into the workplace with the kind of
    training and skills that would give them jobs that would raise their
    incomes, not drive them down; tech-prep programs as a part of school to
    work. A lot of you are involved in the tech-prep issue, and it's
    something I know a lot about from my personal experience, enabling high
    school students to get work experience and to go straight to community
    colleges. We created AmeriCorps, our national service initiative. And
    more than 30 community colleges and this association are participating
    in AmeriCorps. We've got people doing everything from helping the
    elderly in Kentucky to tutoring kids in inner-city Chicago to helping
    with community policing in Rochester, New York, thanks to the community
    colleges. And I thank you very much for your endeavors.
        Now, what should we do? Number one, do no harm. Don't undo what we
    just did. Number one, do no harm. Number two, yes, we need to reduce the
    deficit, but we should increase the Pell grant program as we have
    proposed, not reduce it, as some have proposed. Yes, we should cut the
    deficit, but one way to cut the deficit that is absolutely wrong is to
    start charging interest on student loans while the students are still in
    school.
        There is an answer, you know, in education to the budget conundrum.
    Almost unbelievably, there is an answer. It is our direct student loan
    program. We want to make it available for anyone who wants to finance
    assistance to college.
        The student loan program, the direct loan program, started when I
    became President because I wanted to find a way to cut the cost of
    college loans, to cut the unbelievable bureaucratic paperwork headache,
    and to give students more options about how to repay loans, because I
    began to see students in our State who were dropping out of college
    because they were terrified that they would never be able to repay their
    loans, especially students who were going to do things that were
    important to our society but didn't pay a lot, students who wanted to be
    teachers, students who wanted to be nurses, students who wanted to be
    police officers, students who wanted to serve the public and knew that
    they would have big loans and modest salaries to repay them with. So we
    began to look around for ways to do this. And we settled on, and the
    Congress adopted, the direct college loan program.
        When I took office, everybody in the country was complaining about
    the way the student loan program worked. Students complained that they
    couldn't get loans or if they did it took them too long and it was an
    absolute nightmare to fool with the paperwork. Colleges complained that
    the paperwork was driving them crazy. And everybody was worried about
    the nature of the repayment terms and the fact that there weren't enough
    options. There was also, I might add, an unconscionable amount of loan
    default, people who would not pay their loans back, costing the
    taxpayers $2.8 billion a year. And the banks didn't have much incentive
    to help, because they had a 90 percent guarantee. So by the time--if
    they brought some sort of action, they'd spend the 10 percent trying to
    collect the rest, so why not just take a check from the Government?
        Well, the direct loan program addresses all those problems. It
    lowers costs for students. It allows borrowers to choose flexible
    repayment arrangements, including a pay-as-you-earn option. Therefore,
    it doesn't doom anyone to a crushing debt burden. It's also, believe it
    or not, helping us to save billions of dollars of taxpayers' money. That
    plus Secretary Riley's more vigilant enforcement of the loan program
    have cut your losses as taxpayers from $2.8 bil-

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    lion a year to $1 billion a year, a reduction of almost two-thirds.
        But get this--what are we going to do now? In the first year, we had
    104 schools with over 252,000 students in the program. In the second
    year, we'll have more than 1,400 schools, representing 37 percent of all
    loans, committed to enrolling. Today I am proud to announce that in our
    third year, beginning July 1996, 450 new schools will join the program,
    which will mean 45 percent of all student loans will be administered
    through this program.
        Now, that's the good news. You don't have to take my word for it.
    You can look at the students that I just mentioned, Jessica Aviles or
    Sandra Tinsley, they're both here. Go ask them about it. Listen to them
    talk about how much quicker they got the loan and what a joy it was not
    to have to go through the hassle and the delay and the uncertainty.
        But here's the good news. If we keep going until we make the student
    loan program available to all the schools on a voluntary basis, it will
    save the taxpayers $12 billion over 5 years or about the same amount of
    money that would be saved if we started charging interest on student
    loans while the students are in college.
        So if we want to reduce the deficit, let's reduce the deficit by
    increasing education, not by reducing it. That's the message that I want
    you to take out there.
        The second thing I want to say to you is that we have a lot of
    Americans who are unemployed or underemployed who want more training and
    education. And a lot of them now only have access to certain highly
    specified and difficult-to-understand-and-access Government programs.
    There are dozens of Federal training programs, most of them enacted with
    the best of intention by Congress.
        What we propose to do is to put the American people who need
    training in control of their own destiny with these programs, instead of
    just shifting the power from a Federal bureaucracy even to a State one.
    What we propose to do is to consolidate all these training programs and
    create a skill grant, essentially a training voucher to people who are
    unemployed or underemployed or qualified for Federal help, let them get
    the voucher and take it to their local community college and have access
    to the programs you offer for up to 2 years to get the training
    necessary for the future.
        That is a much better expenditure of that money than to continue in
    these programs which may or may not be easily accessible and which
    require a whole lot of paperwork and are very confusing. We want to
    consolidate the money, give it directly to the people who are entitled
    to it in the form of a voucher, and let them take it to you to get the
    education you need. I hope you will help us pass that as well in this
    Congress.
        Finally, let me talk about the tax cut issue. Everybody is for a tax
    cut. Who could be against it? Sounds great. But I would remind you that
    this is a serious issue, this deficit issue. We have worked very hard to
    reduce it by $600 billion. When we brought the deficit down, that's what
    drove interest rates down in 1993. That's what gave us our economic
    recovery. That's what unleashed the engine of American enterprise. And
    the uncertainty that hangs now around whether we continue to show
    discipline in our budget is causing difficulties for our economy.
        We cannot afford a $200 billion tax cut and continue to reduce the
    deficit and meet our responsibilities to education and our future. We
    cannot afford to tilt most of the benefits of the tax cut to upper
    income people. They are doing very well in the economy as it is. They
    are doing very well. And this is not a statement of class warfare. I
    want to create more millionaires. I am proud of the fact that a lot of
    people have become millionaires since I have been President. But what
    will do that is a strong economy, a healthy economy in which everybody
    has the opportunity to succeed. That's what will create more successful
    entrepreneurs. If we have a system that grows the middle class and
    shrinks the under class and keeps this economy strong, the entrepreneurs
    will do well.
        So what we should do is have a much smaller tax cut. It should be
    targeted sharply to people who need it, middle class people. And in my
    judgment it should be targeted to education. People should get a
    deduction for the cost of education after high school, because that will
    raise their incomes over the long run as well as over the short run.
    They will more than pay it back to the Treasury in future years because
    we will be accelerating the number and the intensity and the pace of
    those getting an education in America. That's the kind of tax cut we
    need: less, targeted to middle class, and focused like a laser beam on
    education. We need

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    an education tax cut. That's all we need for this country.
        Let me close by asking you once again to make your voice heard in
    another way. The community colleges of America look like America. If you
    go to a board meeting of a community college and hear people talk about
    what programs they're going to have and what projects they're going to
    have and what partnerships they're going to create, chances are a
    hundred to one you can't tell whether there's a Republican or a Democrat
    talking at the board meeting.
        Community colleges are open to people of all races and backgrounds
    and religious faiths and views. They bring people together. They are
    America at its best. We need more of that in Washington. So if you
    believe that we shouldn't start charging interest on the loans,
    especially since there's a better way to reduce the deficit; if you
    believe we should increase the Pell grants, not decrease them; if you
    believe we should keep expanding the direct loan program on a purely
    voluntary basis and see if our program is as good as I think it is and
    people keep using it; if you believe we should have this training
    voucher instead of this complicated welter of Federal programs; if you
    believe it's important to cure the education deficit and the budget
    deficit and therefore we should focus on a tightly targeted education-
    related tax cut, then go back home and ask the students and the faculty
    members and the board members to sign petitions that you can send to
    your local Members of Congress and your Senators, without regard to
    party.
        We dare not let education become a political partisan issue in
    America. It was not in the last 2 years; it should not be in 1995 and
    1996. Every American has a vested interest in seeing that we all go
    forward in education. Every single, solitary bit of evidence shows us it
    is the fault line standing between us and a future in which the American
    dream is alive for everyone. If you want to reward hard work in America,
    that work must be smart work. Our future is on the line.
        So I implore you, when you go home, make your voices heard. Say it
    is not a partisan issue, it is not a political issue, it is a question
    of keeping the American dream alive into the 21st century.
        Thank you, and God bless you all.

    Note: The President spoke at 11:46 a.m. in the Grand Ballroom at the
    Minnesota Convention Center. In his remarks, he referred to Jacquelyn
    Belcher, chair, and David Pierce, president, American Association of
    Community Colleges.