    [Public Papers of the Presidents of the United States: William J. Clinton (1993, Book I)]
    [June 1, 1993]
    [Pages 787-796]
    [From the U.S. Government Publishing Office www.gpo.gov]

    Remarks to the Community in Milwaukee, Wisconsin
    June 1, 1993

        The President. Thank you very much. Senator Kohl, Congressman
    Barrett, Mayor Norquist, ladies and gentlemen, it's wonderful to be back
    in Wisconsin and back in Milwaukee again for the first time since I
    became President. I suppose I ought to begin by thanking the State of
    Wisconsin for your electoral votes. I'm very grateful for that. I'd also
    like to thank the Metropolitan Milwaukee Association of Commerce and the
    Public Policy Forum for hosting this opportunity for me to visit with
    you, and through you, all the people of Wisconsin, about the economic
    issues facing our country.
        I'd like to introduce some other people who are here, up there
    somewhere. I asked Senator Kohl where they were, and he said, ``Up there
    somewhere.'' But it's dark. I can't see. I brought with me the former
    chancellor of the University of Wisconsin, now the Director of the
    Department of Health and Human Services, Donna Shalala, who is here; the
    chairman of the Joint Economic Committee in the House, your Congressman,
    David Obey, is here with me somewhere there; and we were met at the
    airport by Congressman Gerry Kleczka, who is here, Gerry; and
    Congressman-elect Peter Barca, who is also here somewhere. Thank you.
        You know, a lot of times when I get out in the country now, people
    who worked for me--or who didn't, who just feel like they can come up
    and talk--say, ``Well, aren't you worried about getting isolated up
    there in Washing-

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    ton? I mean, what's the real difference in being President and just
    being out here living?'' And I had one thing happen to me a couple of
    weeks ago that illustrates the problem of being President or in the
    Congress or anything else.
        I was in the White House and I was up on the residence floor. And I
    got on the elevator, and I was going down to the first floor where all
    big--if you've ever taken a tour of the White House, that's where all
    the big, fancy rooms are that the public tours. But we also use them
    when they're not open for tours, and I was going to a meeting there. And
    the young man who was taking me down in the elevator works for the
    Usher's Office, and of course, they were all hired under my
    predecessors. He didn't know me very well, and he was a little awkward,
    you know. So he took me downstairs, and he opened the doors of the
    elevator, and I found myself immediately in the presence of 30 total
    strangers who were standing there in front of the elevator. And it
    turned out that they had been walking out of a meeting with my wife on
    something entirely different. I didn't know them. They didn't--they knew
    who I was, but I'd never met any of them. [Laughter] And there I was. So
    I said hello to them, shook hands with them, and they walked by. And I
    turned around and looked at the young fellow running the elevator, and
    he was all red-faced. And he said, ``Oh, Mr. President,'' he said, ``I'm
    so sorry I let you out in the midst of all those people.'' And I looked
    at him, and I said, ``John, that's okay. I used to be one myself.''
    [Laughter]
        I want to say a lot of things that I'll get into in a moment, but
    there are one or two things I want to say especially about Wisconsin.
    First, I was very moved by the drinking water crisis here. And one of
    the things that we tried to invest in that I don't think is a waste of
    your money in the next 5 years is more Federal investment in dealing
    with drinking water problems, waste water problems, and other
    environmentally related issues. I think that's a good investment of our
    tax dollars. And I did enjoy my conversation with your Mayor about that.
        The other thing I'd like to do is to--[applause]. Thank you. I want
    to say a little more about this in a moment, but since it was brought
    up, I want to compliment Congressman Barrett and Congressman Kleczka for
    reintroducing the appropriations to fund the New Hope welfare reform
    project. It was vetoed last year. And I just want to tell you that, as I
    said, I want to say a little more about this in my speech, but the idea
    of giving people the tools they need to move off welfare and then
    calling a halt to it after 2 years, saying it has to come to an end and
    people who can should go to work, I think is a good thing. And I think
    we ought to fund that experiment in Wisconsin and see if it won't work.
    I think a lot of people will be for it, and I think it will work.
        For any visitor who comes here to Milwaukee, as I have many times,
    the church steeples and the factory smokestacks are a vivid reminder of
    the faith and the work that made our country what it is today. People
    from every continent have come to our Nation and come to cities like
    Milwaukee and Chicago and Detroit without much money in their pockets,
    but filled with the faith that if they worked hard and played by the
    rules, they would find a better life for themselves and give their
    children a better chance.
        In my part of the country, in the rural South, when the agricultural
    economy collapsed in the Depression and then didn't pick up after the
    Second World War, for 30 years people poured out of the places where my
    folks farmed in Arkansas and Mississippi and southern States and came up
    here to the northern cities seeking that same kind of opportunity.
        Over the years in different ways our country has dealt with
    different economic challenges, but we have always tried to keep alive
    that American dream that if you worked hard and played by the rules you
    would be rewarded. If you were especially good you could get very, very
    wealthy, but everyone knew that the country would rise or fall based on
    the broad middle class, the small business people, the factory workers,
    the farmers, the people who really lifted the country and made it work.
        We have, to a large extent, in the 20th century succeeded in doing
    that until just recently. Until recently, that is, in the last 20 years,
    we had succeeded in building the world's most diverse society and
    keeping it growing together, not coming apart.
        Today, we're more diverse than ever before. One county in
    California, Los Angeles County, has 150 different racial and ethnic
    groups. Today, we still have the strongest, most vibrant free enterprise
    economy in the world. We have some of the most productive businesses in
    the world. But we have serious economic problems, as you all know.

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        Hard work rewarded by rising living standards is literally at the
    heart of what it means to be an American. It's at the heart of my
    family's heritage and probably at the heart of most of your families'
    heritage. And it's at the heart of the economic philosophy that
    compelled me to enter the race for President in 1991 and that brings me
    here again to Milwaukee today.
        Once Americans looked forward to doubling their standard of living
    roughly every 25 years. As I said, that stopped about 20 years ago, as
    we began to be confronted with the highly competitive global economy and
    a slower rate of economic growth in our own country. Now, it will take
    us about 75 years to double our standard of living at the present pace.
    That means that not only do you have too many people who want to work
    who can't work, you have too many people working part-time, and you have
    too many people who are working like crazy and falling further and
    further behind. Because I believe we can do better, I asked the people
    of this country to give me a chance to serve as President.
        As I said, it's very important to note what happened and when. Our
    real average hourly wages peaked about two decades ago. And since then,
    they've either been stagnant or declining as a whole. Indeed, the
    average working family is spending more hours a week on the job than
    they were in 1969 for lower real wages than they were making certainly
    12 years ago, and in many cases, 20 years ago. This is because, as I
    said, of changes in the global economy, more competition from people who
    were either more productive than we are or who work for wages we can't
    live on, or lack of productivity growth, of efficiency growth in our own
    country, or other problems with our economy.
        Twelve years ago, in 1981, after the Presidential election of 1980--
    another election conducted in very difficult economic circumstances--the
    American people decided to give another President the chance to try an
    approach to deal with this problem. The whole idea of Reaganomics was
    trickle-down economics, that we should lower taxes on the wealthiest
    Americans, depend upon them to invest in our economy to grow it; we
    should reduce domestic spending, but increase defense spending even more
    than we reduced domestic spending.
        Now, in the last 12 years, that philosophy was modified around the
    edges some, but it maintained itself at the heart of our economic
    dealings. Because the taxes were cut so much in '81, they were added
    back a little bit over the last 12 years, mostly on the middle class.
    And after a while, defense spending could not be sustained because of
    the end of the cold war, so it began to be cut. But by the time it was
    cut, health care costs were exploding. So all the defense cuts were
    swallowed up by exploding health care costs and interest payments on the
    debt.
        But the fundamental idea remains, that the most important thing was
    not to worry about investment or the deficit or anything else; the most
    important thing was to worry about keeping taxes low on upper income
    people and keeping the Government's hands off the economy, except when
    it was necessary to invest in defense, and then when it wasn't
    necessary, to even get out of that.
        Now, that was the theory, and we now have had a chance to see how it
    works. I think it's fair to say that the only reason I was elected in
    1992 is that the American people thought that it hadn't worked very
    well, that there were problems. I say this--as I will make clear in a
    minute, this is not a partisan criticism, because it took bipartisan
    agreement at least to go along with the framework of this. But what had
    happened was that we had a good deal of growth in the early eighties,
    where we had defense increases and tax cuts, but the deficit got big.
    Then when the defense business got cut, all we did was pay more for the
    same health care. No one reinvested in the economy to give those defense
    workers something else to do, and the deficit got bigger and bigger and
    bigger.
        Now, the American people voted for change. They wanted me to try to
    rebuild the middle class both in terms of jobs and incomes, to invest in
    our own people and our jobs, to cut the deficit, to open the doors of
    education to all, and to deal with the terrible health care crisis, and
    to make a real dent at welfare reform, removing people from dependence
    and moving them to independence.
        I was sent to the White House, I think, to take on brain-dead
    politics in Washington from either party, or from both. Some, but not
    all, in the national Democratic Party have placed too much faith in the
    whole politics of entitlement, the idea that big bureaucracies and
    Government spending, demanding nothing in return, can produce the
    results we want. We know that is simply not true. There is a limit to
    how much

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    Government can do in the absence of an appropriate response by the
    American people at the grassroots level. And there is a limit to how
    many decisions can be made properly in Washington. And most of our
    growth has and always will come from the private sector.
        On the other hand, some, but not all, in the national Republican
    Party have practiced the politics of abandonment, of walking away from
    common concerns like dropping test scores or rising crime rates or an
    insufficient infrastructure or taking care of the people who won the
    cold war for us and now don't have anything to do in the wake of defense
    cutbacks, and in simply insisting that as long as you don't raise taxes
    on upper income people and don't talk about it when you raise taxes on
    anybody else, everything's going to be fine. Well, that's not right
    either. We have to move beyond entitlement and abandonment.
        I ran for President basically on the same things that I found had
    worked for me when I was a Governor, not entitlement, not abandonment
    but empowerment, the idea of creating a new American community by
    offering people more opportunity and demanding more responsibility.
        I think we have made a real start at that. In the first few weeks of
    this administration we have passed an important political reform
    measure, the motor voter bill, and we have moving through the Congress a
    really tough lobby disclosure bill and a campaign finance reform bill
    that are the kind of things Wisconsin has been famous for for years.
        We have tried to support the middle class in this administration.
    Only 17 days into the administration, I signed the family leave bill to
    guarantee that people don't lose their jobs when they have to take a
    little time off to have a baby or when there's a sick parent. The
    Congress is now considering our national service legislation, which
    would open the doors of college education to all, and soon will have a
    health care program that will provide real security to working families.
        For the first time in 17 years the Congress passed the budget
    resolution, the outline of our deficit reduction plan and our plans to
    invest in the country, on time, for the first time in 17 years. And that
    helped to produce the lowest home mortgage rates in 20 years and other
    low interest rates because people believe we're trying to bring this
    deficit down. So we have made a good beginning.
        But to be fair, the hard work is still ahead. The House of
    Representatives passed my economic program last week with some minor
    modifications, many of which made them better, I thought. But the hard
    work lies ahead. All the difficulties in this world are in the details.
    We can always agree on generalities. The question is, what are the
    specifics?
        I came here to ask you to join with me in trying to tackle the three
    deficits that are paralyzing this country today: the deficit of dollars
    in our Federal budget, the deficit of investment in the private and
    public sectors, and the deficit of responsibility in our National
    Government.
        Now, let's talk about this deficit, the Government's budget deficit.
    Our country last ran a balanced budget in 1969. We haven't balanced our
    national books since then. But to be fair, the deficit was not a serious
    problem for our economic performance until 1981 when we built permanent
    deficits into our Federal Government system.
        What happened? President Reagan, in the midst of a recession, made
    what has been a typical proposal by Presidents throughout American
    history. He said, ``We're in a recession. We ought to have a tax cut.''
    The problem was, by the time he and the Congress got through bidding
    each other up and playing to the American people's hatred of taxes, the
    tax cut was twice the percentage of our annual income that he originally
    proposed. And it was adopted anyway. Nobody really thought about what it
    would do to the structure of the Federal budget.
        And ever since then, we've been dealing with the consequences of
    that, plus increasing spending, as I said, first in defense, and then
    after defense was cut, an absolute explosion in health care costs, which
    I'll bet many of you have also experienced in your private health
    insurance premiums as well as your Government tax dollars.
        Listen to this: Over the past dozen years alone, the annual deficit
    soared from $79 billion to $322 billion. The national debt in 12 years,
    after over 200 years as a nation, quadrupled from $1 trillion to $4
    trillion. While Washington cut taxes on the wealthiest individuals, even
    after the deficit went up, we had exploding health care costs, exploding
    costs to pay interest on a bigger and bigger debt. And while the
    Government was used as a punching bag--everybody talked against big
    Government--no one

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    ever really did anything fundamentally to reform the way it operates or
    rein in its unnecessary spending.
        As this deficit soaked up more and more of our national savings
    which could otherwise have been invested in private plant and equipment
    and human skills, we created a second deficit, an investment deficit.
    From the 1960's to the 1980's public investment--that is, the
    expenditure of your Federal tax dollars in education and training, in
    new technologies for new jobs, and in infrastructure, things like better
    water systems and bridges and roads and airports--dwindled from 4\1/2\
    percent to just 2.6 percent of our annual income.
        Every time a company can't find qualified workers, every time trucks
    are rattled by highways riddled with potholes, every time a department
    store closes because a city is not safe after dark, we see the
    consequences of the investment deficit. Our income as a nation goes
    down, and we have fewer jobs as well.
        Meanwhile, national policy rewarded companies for their financial
    strategies, not their investment strategies; for making deals, not
    products; for seeking new mergers, not new markets. Business investment
    declined from 7.2 percent of our gross national product in the 1970's to
    only 5.4 percent in the eighties.
        The investment deficit also slows the growth of our workers'
    productivity. And in a market economy, people get paid by what they can
    produce by global standards. Compensation per hour, what workers earn in
    wages and fringe benefits, grew more slowly in the last 20 years than in
    the previous 100. From 1954 to 1973, hourly compensation grew at over 3
    percent per year. The more people produced, the more they earned. But in
    the last 20 years, as productivity slowed down, compensation increased
    by less than one percent per year.
        This low productivity led to higher unemployment, stagnant wages,
    and--guess what--lower tax receipts. So the deficit got bigger, because
    people weren't earning enough money to pay into the Government to keep
    the deficit down. They relate one to the other.
        This was aggravated when we cut the defense budget with no plan to
    put the defense workers back to work in the new civilian economy. And in
    some of our biggest unemployment areas, you see, from Connecticut to
    southern California, you see high-dollar scientific workers, people with
    advanced degrees and very skilled factory workers, with nothing else to
    do because there was no thought given to what these people would do once
    the defense work was shut down, even though we know there are tens of
    thousands of jobs waiting to be had in the global economy in new
    technologies, in aerospace, in electronics, in biotechnology, and
    environment cleanup, just to name four. We know those jobs are out
    there. But we know our competitors are working hard in partnership with
    the government and the private sector to develop them.
        At the same time, the exploding costs of health care and education
    put a crimp not only on the growth of average families' incomes and
    small business incomes but on the overall health of our economy. Average
    health costs per family tripled in the last dozen years. Too many middle
    class people at the same time experienced ``job block,'' that is, they
    couldn't move jobs because someone in their family had been sick. They
    had what the insurers call a preexisting condition, meaning that if they
    wanted to have their health insurance, they had to stay in the job they
    were in.
        Now, we're living in a country, folks, where the average 18-year-old
    will change work seven or eight times in a lifetime. If you can't change
    jobs in this kind of an economy, your future is dramatically
    constricted, all because we are the only nation with an advanced economy
    that hasn't figured out how to provide basic health care at affordable
    cost to all of our people.
        And look what's happened to education. In the 1980's, the value of
    an education virtually doubled. By the end of the decade, the average
    college graduate was earning twice the average high school graduate; the
    difference between what a college graduate and a high school graduate
    earned at the end of the decade was twice what it was in 1980 at the
    beginning. And yet, look what happened to college costs. The cost of
    public colleges went up by 109 percent and private colleges by 145
    percent; college drifting, drifting, drifting out of the reach of
    ordinary Americans. And the college dropout rate became more than twice
    as high as the high school dropout rate, either because people were sent
    unprepared, which was wrong, or they couldn't afford to stay, which
    happened all too often.
        Virtually every economic decision that was made in Washington, or
    not made properly, sent signals to our people that the old rewards for
    hard work and playing by the rules and responsibility were declining.
    Most of the economic

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    gains of the 1980's went to people in the top one percent of the income
    brackets, and most of them were not those that were producing new
    products and services but instead were those who were producing
    financial arrangements, which exploded the cost of paperwork and didn't
    do much to create more jobs in America.
        Too many people who were at the bottom rung of the ladder and
    working hard to get out, which, after all, is where most of our families
    started somewhere along the way, found that their hard-earned wages left
    them below the poverty line and removed even more the incentive to work
    instead of to be on welfare. If work doesn't pay, why not go on welfare?
    How many times have we heard that said in the last 10 or 12 years in the
    city streets and in the rural communities of America?
        These are the things, my fellow Americans, that we have to change.
    This is a historic moment. Now that the House has passed this budget
    plan to reduce the deficit and to target investments in our future, and
    it's going to the Senate for further debate, we can make a decision to
    seize control of our economic destiny. That is why I have asked everyone
    in Washington to go beyond politics as usual, to forget about partisan
    divisions, to try to find bipartisan responsibility in place of
    bipartisan blame and irresponsibility.
        Now, the plan that I have proposed cuts $500 billion from the
    Federal deficit, the largest deficit reduction program in our history.
    It makes decisions long delayed and avoided. The plan is balanced and
    fair. About half of the deficit reduction comes from spending reductions
    and restraints on entitlements; about half comes from tax increases.
    Entitlements--that is, medical programs, Social Security benefits,
    agriculture benefits, welfare benefits, food stamp benefits, things you
    get because of who you are--those things, we rein in spending by $100
    billion over the next 5 years. We cut 200 other areas of the budget by
    more than $150 billion in the next 5 years. We cut some very popular
    programs in this country, from highway demonstration projects to rural
    electrification. But that has to be done. We cut about $47 billion
    directly out of the operations of the Federal Government: freezes in
    Federal pay, restrictions on Federal retirement, the reduction in the
    Federal work force by 149,000 people over the next 5 years.
        All of that has been written into this budget. The plan imposes new
    discipline on Government spending: no increases in taxes unless there
    are cuts in spending, and all of it put into a trust fund that must
    remain there for the 5-year life of the deficit.
        We also adopted a unique mechanism right at the end of the House of
    Representatives debate which requires every year, if we miss this
    deficit reduction target--and Congressman Obey got a bunch of charts, I
    wish he were up here showing them to you, about how the two previous
    administrations said the deficit would go down to zero three different
    times, and they never did make a target--if we miss our target, every
    year now the President is legally bound to come in and offer a
    correction in the budget to meet that deficit reduction target, and the
    Congress has to vote on it.
        Now, I lead with all this--I dare say that most of you, since all
    you've heard are about the fights on taxes, didn't know how much
    spending was cut and probably don't know what incentives are there for
    investment. I'll get to that in a minute. Some taxes are raised. No less
    authority than David Stockman, who was President Reagan's Budget
    Director, was quoted not long ago as saying, anybody, Republican or
    Democrat, who thinks you can get this deficit down without increasing
    taxes does not understand what we did to the tax system in 1981.
        Now, those are the spending cuts we had. The spending cuts are real.
    There are more than 200 of them. There are more than I recommended in
    the campaign because I didn't know in the campaign what happened right
    after the election, which is that the deficit miraculously was increased
    by $165 billion, announced by the Government before I took office but
    after the election. So we cut spending some more.
        And there are some more tax increases, too. But look how they fall.
    Seventy-four percent of the money we raise comes from people with
    incomes above $100,000. Over 60 percent of this money comes from people
    with incomes above $200,000. Now, that is not an attack on the wealthy.
    It is an acknowledgement that people in that income group had their
    incomes go up and their taxes go down in the eighties. Middle class
    people had their taxes go up and their incomes go down in the eighties.
    So we're just trying to redress the fairness of the matter.
        Now, let me tell you exactly what you will

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    pay if you're a middle class American, if your family income is under
    $100,000. I had wanted, and I advocated in the campaign, tax relief for
    middle class families, especially those with children. I still want
    that, and I still intend to propose that before I'm done. But I can't do
    it now because the deficit is so much bigger than it was when I was
    making these proposals. It would be irresponsible for me to advocate a
    very substantial increase on upper incomes and not ask the middle class
    Americans to make any contribution at all.
        But listen to what it costs. First of all, for working families with
    incomes under $30,000, we have done everything we could to make sure
    that the energy tax, which is the middle class tax here, will cost
    nothing by giving an income tax credit to offset the income tax. One
    fellow out here has been heckling me and saying I'm not telling the
    truth. So I'll say, Arthur Anderson, which is a fairly reputable firm,
    hardly packed full of Democrats, has examined my program and says that a
    family of three with an income of $25,000 a year or less will actually
    get a tax cut under the Clinton economic plan as it is now. For a family
    with an income of $40,000 a year, if the energy tax passes just as it
    is, and if there are four people in the family, the bill will be a
    dollar a month next year, $7 a month the year after that, and $17 a
    month the year after that. All of the money, every last red cent of it,
    will go into a deficit reduction trust fund to bring down the deficit,
    every penny.
        Now, the question is, is it worth it? Is it worth it? And here's my
    answer to you. You may say it's not worth it, but look what's happened
    since November. First, when we announced the energy tax and the deficit
    reduction plan, long-term interest rates started to go down. Second,
    after I actually presented it to Congress in February, they went down
    some more. Now, for most of the last 3 months, long-term interest rates
    have been at their lowest rate in decades: mortgage rates at the lowest
    rate in 20 years; consumer loans down; college loans down; car loans
    down; business loans down. Millions and millions of Americans are out
    there breaking their necks to refinance their home loans and their
    business loans, so much so that the business analysts say that if we can
    keep interest rates down at this level for a year, we will put $100
    billion back into this economy in lower interest rates because people
    think we're serious about bringing the deficit down.
        What does that mean? What does that mean? Let's just say if someone
    had a $100,000 home mortgage financed at 10 percent and they refinanced
    it at 7\1/2\ percent, that would be a $2,000 saving in one year, a
    $2,000 saving in one year. In other words, there would be more than
    twice the savings in one year as this program would cost that same
    family in 4 years if it were passed exactly as it is today.
        Now, I think that's pretty good for America. If we don't do
    something to get the interest rates down, clean the debt out, and get
    control of our economic destiny, we're going to be in big trouble.
        Now, there are also a lot of incentives in this program for people
    to further save money. Let me just give you a few. Let's take a typical
    farm family in Wisconsin. The family's income net is under $30,000. They
    will be eligible for tax credits. A single-family farm under this
    program for the first time will be able to get a tax deduction for their
    health insurance premiums, something they haven't been able to do
    before. The expensing provisions for small businesses and farmers will
    allow them to write off $25,000, not $10,000, of investment now. So much
    so that the average Wisconsin farm, even after they pay higher energy
    costs and have agricultural budget cuts, will wind up with a lower bill
    rather than a higher bill if this whole program passes.
        And I think it's very important to look at the incentives here. We
    have more incentives for small businesses, an historic incentive for
    people to invest in new business, real incentives for people to put
    money into plant and equipment and hire people in America, instead of
    just put money into financial transactions or invest money overseas.
    These are incentives that will give the American people the way to lower
    their taxes by creating jobs here in America, which is what I talked
    about in the campaign. That's how you ought to be able to lower your tax
    bill.
        Now, let me also tell you that this plan invests some new money. You
    have to ask yourself whether you think it's worth it. Is it worth it for
    us to invest enough money at the national level to do the following
    things: to try to provide some incentives for companies who won't have
    defense contracts anymore to develop domestic technologies to put those
    high wage workers back to work. Is it worth it to try to provide

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    jobs in America in areas where America needs work with new water systems
    and new environmental cleanup systems? Is it worth it to provide a small
    amount of money to try to see that America joins Germany, Japan, and
    every other advanced country in saying if you don't go to a 4-year
    college, at least you ought to have access to 2 years of further
    education and training so you can get a good and decent job? Is it worth
    it or not? You have to decide.
        Now, if you believe all Government spending is evil and bad, you
    would say no, it's not worth it. But if you look at our competitors and
    if you look at what works and what produces growth and the fact that it
    is clearly the skill levels of our people which will determine as much
    as anything else the economic future of America, I think you'd have to
    say yes, it is worth it. We've got too many people who are not
    competitive in a global economy today.
        One final thing: This State has always been a pioneer. People in
    both parties have always been interested, at least in my experience as
    Governor, in welfare reform, in moving people from welfare to work. One
    of the biggest problems with welfare reform is this: If you take
    somebody off welfare and you put them in a low-wage job because they
    don't have much education, they have to take that wage and pay for child
    care out of it, because they're not home taking care of the kids
    anymore, and they may not have medical insurance. And the earnings are
    so low there is a big incentive not to do it.
        This bill, this economic program, makes a major downpayment on
    welfare reform, doing what I want to do, which is to change the whole
    system and say after you get education and training, if after 2 years
    you don't have a job, you have to go to work in the public or private
    sector. This bill starts that by saying this: If you work 40 hours a
    week and you've got a kid in your house, the tax system will lift you
    out of poverty. We'll give you a tax break so that you will not be
    living in poverty if you work full-time with children in your home. What
    else could be more American, and what else would do more to end the
    welfare dependency we have in this country?
        Now, let's talk about where we are with this. This bill's going to
    the Senate now. Senator Kohl and Senator Feingold are going to get a
    chance to work on it. And everybody in America--if I said, wouldn't you
    like it if we did everything I just said but we did it with more budget
    cuts and even less tax, and you would say, yes; I would say yes. Who
    could disagree? Who could disagree? The question is, what are the
    details?
        Let me try to describe to you what's going on. When you hear all
    this stuff, that this is a tax program, this is not just a tax program.
    This is a budget cutting program. This is an investment program in your
    future. This is incentives for the private sector to create new jobs in
    ways that have never been provided before.
        You know, in this bill, if you invest in a new business and it makes
    money, and you hold that investment 5 years, you cut your tax rate in
    half under this program. That's a real incentive. Under this bill, if
    you invest money in a poor neighborhood in Milwaukee, if it gets
    designated an empowerment zone, you can get all kinds of incentives for
    private sector investment that have never been available before, ever;
    never proposed by Republicans or Democrats before to get private sector
    investment to rebuild. So there's a lot of things in this bill.
        But let's just take the rhetoric. Everybody would like to do all
    this with less tax and more budget cuts. But look behind the rhetoric.
    For example, when the House voted on my program last week, there was a
    Republican substitute. The Republican substitute purported to have the
    same amount of deficit reduction I did with no taxes and all budget
    cuts. Guess what. More Republicans voted against a Republican bill than
    Democrats voted against my bill. Why? Why? Because the Republicans who
    voted against it thought it cut too much out of Social Security, too
    much out of medical care, too much out of farm programs, too much out of
    things that are part of the fabric of this Nation's economy or part of
    our built-in obligation to one another. So they disagreed. They couldn't
    agree on that.
        Let me give you another example. Some define less tax and more cuts
    as lower taxes on the very wealthy, replaced by reducing the cost of
    living increase to Social Security recipients barely above the poverty
    line, or to people barely above the poverty line who are working, they
    want to reduce the tax credits they get.
        Let me give you another example. Others say, ``Well, just cut more
    Medicare costs. Don't give those doctors and hospitals any more money.''
    Now, that's got a lot of appeal to a lot of people. But let me tell you
    what happens. If you cut

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    Medicare costs without reforming the health care system, you can do it
    to some extent, but if you do it too much, you know what will happen?
    Every one of you who works in the private sector who has a private
    health insurance policy, will have your premiums go up as a result.
    Because if the Government doesn't pay for the care that the Government
    mandates that people get, what do the doctors and hospitals do? They put
    the cost onto private business, onto private employers and private
    employees. And your health insurance premiums soar.
        One of the reasons a lot of you are paying too much for health care
    today is that America has 35 million people with no health insurance and
    other people who are being undercompensated. And as a result of that,
    you're paying more. Because everybody in this country gets health care,
    don't they? They just get it when it's too late, too expensive, and at
    the emergency room. And you get sent the bill if you have health
    insurance. So it sounds good, but it may not be so good.
        I could give you a lot of other examples. The way words are used,
    for example, the way our adversaries calculate this, if we ask upper
    income Social Security recipients, who are getting more out of the
    system than they put in, plus interest, to pay a little more of their
    income to taxation, then that's a tax. But if we cut the cost of living
    allowance to the poorest Social Security recipients, that's a budget
    cut. Right? That's the way they define it.
        Now, but most people in this room say, ``Well, if you have to do one
    or the other, better to ask people who can pay and who are getting more
    back out than they put in plus interest to give a little more than to
    take it out of the poorest ones who are just above the poverty line.''
    But if you get into these word games, it sounds terrible if it's tax and
    cut. It doesn't sound so bad when you talk about what it really is.
        Here are the principles that I hope the Senate will honor next week:
        Number one, we've got to cut the deficit at least $500 billion, and
    we ought to put it in a trust fund so the money can't be fooled with for
    the next 5 years.
        Number two, because of what happened in the last 12 years, any taxes
    we raise must, in the end, be progressive. Those who can pay more should
    pay more, and we should minimize the burden on the middle class.
        Number three, don't do anything to the incentive to move people from
    welfare to work. Let's go ahead and say that if you work 40 hours a week
    and you have a child in your home, you don't deserve to be in poverty.
    You've played by the rules, and we'll let you out of poverty.
        Number four, keep the incentives for small businesses, for new
    businesses, for investment in our cities, for housing incentives, for
    research and development, keep all those tax incentives in there to grow
    this economy. Don't take them out.
        And number five, when we cut spending, and we'll cut some more and
    raise some, we'll cut the taxes and have more spending cuts next week.
    But when we do it, let's leave the money in there that will shape these
    children's economic future. Let's have the money for education and
    training, for investment in technology, for help for the defense
    industries that are building down. Let's rebuild the American economy.
    Because, after all, you can cut all the spending you want, and if people
    don't have jobs and they aren't earning money, we're still not going to
    be able to balance the budget. So let's keep the economic future of the
    country uppermost in our minds.
        The last thing I'd like to say to you, my fellow Americans, is that
    none of this is going to be easy, but you should not be discouraged.
    After all, these trends, as I said, have gone through administrations of
    Democrats and Republicans for 20 years now. We are moving away from a
    set of policies that have been the rule for 12 years. I'm trying to move
    beyond a bipartisan gridlock which has existed for about a decade.
        We are trying to do it in a global economy where other rich nations
    have unemployment rates as high or higher than ours, and there's a
    recession all over the world. This is not easy, but it can be done. It
    can be done if we have the courage to change direction. And if we will
    listen and look beneath the labels to the facts, I believe we can do it.
    It is simply a question of asking what we have to do to regain control
    of our destiny, what we have to do to invest in our people, what we have
    to do to get jobs and incomes and health security back into this country
    again.
        And let me just say one last thing in closing. When I was a Governor
    for 12 years, my State in every one of those 12 years had a tax burden--
    the State and local tax burden was in the

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    bottom five in America. We had one of the toughest balanced budget laws
    in the country. And when I asked the people of my State for more taxes
    it was always to pay for something specific, better schools, better
    roads, more jobs, in a trust fund. I never ever dreamed I would be in a
    position in my life asking people to pay $1 just to bring the deficit
    down. But we got ourselves in this fix, folks, over a long period of
    time. And until we get our interest rates down and regain control of our
    economic future and show that we have the discipline to handle our
    affairs, it is going to be very difficult for us to do a lot of these
    other things that all of us want to do.
        These decisions are not easy, but we must make them. So I ask you
    again, encourage Senator Kohl and all the other people in the United
    States Senate, encourage Senator Feingold, encourage them all to give me
    a good budget with less taxes and more spending cuts. But remember the
    principles: make sure the money goes to deficit reduction; invest some
    in our economic future, because that's important; make sure the people
    who can pay do; don't take the welfare reform initiatives out of it; and
    remember that in the end, the private sector creates the jobs, so leave
    the incentives in there.
        And let me say this: 50 of the 100 biggest companies in this country
    have endorsed this program. I have been very moved that so many people
    in upper income groups, who are going to pay the overwhelming majority
    of these taxes, have endorsed this program, because they know that it is
    imperative to get control of our future. And I ask you, the people of
    Wisconsin, to endorse the program for the future of your children and
    our Nation.
        Thank you very much, and God bless you all.

    Note: The President spoke at 12:10 p.m. in the Milwaukee Exposition
    Convention Center and Arena. In his remarks, he referred to Milwaukee
    Mayor John O. Norquist.