    [Public Papers of the Presidents of the United States: William J. Clinton (1993, Book I)]
    [May 4, 1993]
    [Pages 555-561]
    [From the U.S. Government Publishing Office www.gpo.gov]

    Teleconference Remarks on Empowerment Zones and an Exchange With
    Reporters
    May 4, 1993

        The President. So we've got L.A., Kentucky, Chicago, Baltimore,
    York, and New York.
        Q. Sounds like a good lineup.
        The President. Sounds like a good lineup to me. I want to thank you
    all for joining me today. As you know, I have a new proposal we're going
    to be discussing this morning that I believe is a fundamental departure
    from traditional programs offered by Democratic administrations and
    fundamentally different from the previous enterprise zone proposals
    offered by recent Republican administrations.
        All of you represent areas of the country that, while unique, are
    each joined together by a common need. The economic potential of your
    areas, like other urban and rural communities, is still stifled because
    you lack the investment capital you need and a comprehensive strategy
    for jobs and growth. What we want to do is to help you to revive your
    communities economically. And our proposals for empowerment zones and
    enterprise neighborhoods we believe is the right way to begin.
        Federal aid to these areas is certainly not new, but in the past it
    hasn't always worked. There has often been no coordinated strategy for
    using the Federal money. Your growth has been restrained by a maze of
    Federal regulations and the need to appeal to an array of Federal
    Agencies. And these factors have contributed to an unwillingness on the
    part of too many companies to invest in your areas.
        We're trying to change all of that. We begin with a challenge: Under
    our program not a single dollar will go out without a coordinated
    strategy developed at the grassroots level. Yet your communities enjoy
    immense and committed talent at that level. Our plan proposes a
    partnership between local organizations so that they can coordinate the
    use of Federal, State, and local resources.
        I know that your areas need investment capital, both public and
    private. Our proposal provides targeted investment incentives to draw
    investment dollars into distressed urban and rural communities. Your
    areas deal with a confusing maze of Agencies and regulations. This
    proposal features a single point of contact so that the Federal
    Government contributes to rather than stifles the rebirth of your
    communities. We're going to streamline regulations, rules, and paperwork
    so that we reward initiative at the local level.
        These are innovations and new approaches. They're going to result in
    new economic growth, opportunity, and hope in areas long denied their
    piece of the American dream. And just as your local communities will
    have a chance to participate in the planning of their economic revival,
    we also want to offer you a chance now to discuss the economic
    challenges you face, to discuss this new effort to participate in the
    revival of your communities.
        I just want to emphasize two or three things here. First of all, we
    do propose to do something that I discussed with the Mayors a few months
    ago, or several weeks ago, and that is to focus the limited money we
    have to spend here in terms of tax incentives and investments on, first
    of all, 10 empowerment zones that will get an enormous amount of
    concentrated effort to see if it works, a wage credit, credits for
    equipment, credits for rehabilitating existing housing. With a bottom-up
    community-based strategy and with a lot of waiver authority, we're going
    to set up an enterprise board that will provide communities the
    opportunity to come and get waivers from all these Federal rules and
    regulations. I think that's very important.
        In addition to that, we're going to have 100 more enterprise
    communities that will be targets for our other community investments,
    like the Federal funds we're going to spend on setting up community
    policing to make the streets safer, the initiative we're going to have
    in community development banks, and any number of other initiatives
    we're going to have coming out of this Government. Those 100 communities
    will

    [[Page 556]]

    be target areas for getting first crack at them.
        So I think that this is the sort of thing that will really support
    what a lot of you have been doing for a long time, cutting out a lot of
    the Federal rules and regulations, letting you consolidate the funds
    that you're getting from these different Government Agencies, and
    getting you the chance to develop a plan to develop your communities.
        I know it's consistent with what I always thought ought to be done
    when I was a Governor, and I think it will meet with a lot of support
    out in the country among Republicans and Democrats. And I hope we'll get
    that kind of bipartisan support here in the Congress. I think there's a
    good chance that we will.
        Well, I've already said a little more than I meant to. I'd like to
    now go to our cities and hear from them one at a time, and of course,
    the State of Kentucky, too. But let's begin with Los Angeles.
        Mayor Bradley?

    [At this point, Los Angeles Mayor Tom Bradley stated his support for the
    program. Brenda Shockley of Community Build and Tony Salazar of Rebuild
    L.A. then discussed what empowerment zones would do to assist their
    organizations.]

        The President. Thank you, Tom. And I want to thank Brenda and Tony
    for what they said. And I want to just emphasize that I think we've got
    the proper division of labor here. At the community level, you've got to
    provide for people who are chronically unemployed: job training, child
    care, and other supports. But those needs and the opportunity to meet
    them are going to be so different from community to community. And
    that's why I think it's so important that what we do here in terms not
    only of new investment but in letting you spend the money that is
    presently appropriated in the most flexible way will guarantee that that
    can be done.
        Then the other thing that I want to say, particularly in response to
    what Tony said with the Rebuild L.A. effort, we can't expect, it seems
    to me, a lot of new investment in a lot of our difficult areas until we
    do a couple of things that send the right signals to the private sector,
    which this plan does: first of all, that we appreciate the people who
    are there now and we recognize that they have a potential to expand
    employment in distressed communities, and we ought to take care of the
    people that are there now; and secondly, that the Government needs to
    take the lead in offering some significant tax incentives to people who
    will take an additional risk to try to give people a chance who haven't
    had a chance in a long time. And so those are the things that are part
    of this program. I'm very excited about it, and I'm glad you're so well
    organized to try to take advantage of it.
        Let's go on now to Governor Jones in Kentucky. We asked the Governor
    to join us because we wanted to emphasize that rural areas will be
    eligible to participate in both the empowerment zones and in the
    enterprise areas. And I know that Kentucky, like my home State, has a
    lot of very poor rural communities, and I wanted Governor Jones to have
    a chance to comment on this.
        Governor, can you hear us?

    [Gov. Brereton C. Jones of Kentucky spoke in support of empowerment
    zones, streamlining Federal and State government operations, and the
    upcoming environmental conference, From Rio to the Capitals: State
    Strategies for Sustainable Development.]

        The President. Well, thank you very much. I'd just like to make a
    couple of comments about what you said. First of all, most of our
    listeners may know, but some may not, that you had a very distinguished
    career in business before you became the Governor of Kentucky or got
    into Kentucky politics.
        One of the things that I think all of us have noticed who have been
    Governors or Mayors is that an enormous amount of the money that's
    appropriated for special programs is often peeled off before it finally
    gets to its ultimate purpose by all the various administrative layers
    and regulatory requirements that are on the money. And one of the things
    that we're trying to do here by setting up this enterprise board and
    giving people the chance to come up with plans that would put a lot of
    these funds together is to make the money go a lot further. And it
    dovetails very well with what the Vice President is trying to do in
    looking at the whole structure of the Federal Government and how we can
    overhaul it.
        And we're up here now trying to cut spending dramatically and find
    some money to increase targeted investments in areas where we need it,
    to create jobs and improve education and

    [[Page 557]]

    explore new technologies. And I am convinced that one of the ways we're
    going to be able to both cut the spending programs that ought to be cut
    and increase investment is to get rid of a lot of the layers of
    regulation and management that we've had.
        The second point I want to make is about your conference coming up
    in May on sustainable development. One of our great challenges is to try
    to figure out how to improve the environment and improve the economy at
    the same time. And one of the clear areas of opportunity there that no
    one disagrees with is in the area of environmental cleanup in some of
    our most distressed urban and rural communities. And so I would hope
    that all the people on this telephone call today as well as all the
    people who will hear about this program and will file applications will
    look very closely at some of the environmental problems in their
    communities and at how many people can be put to work in cleaning those
    up and how that can be a part of the enterprise proposal, because that's
    clearly something that we need to do.
        Let's go into Chicago now. Mayor Daley is in Washington today, isn't
    he?

    [Valerie Jarrett, Chicago commissioner of planning and development,
    discussed the city's holistic community-based approach to planning and
    development and the adverse impact of Federal regulations. Ted Wysocki,
    Chicago Association of Neighborhood Development Organizations (CANDO),
    then advocated legislation for abandoned land reuse, corporate community
    involvement tax credits, and grants for community projects.]

        The President. Thank you, Ted, and thank you, Valerie. Let me just
    respond to one or two of the things that you said. First of all, the
    comment Valerie made about diverse neighborhoods is clearly true. I have
    walked the streets in every community represented on this phone call
    today. And I remember being so impressed in Chicago more than a year ago
    at seeing some new housing construction in one of the Hispanic
    neighborhoods from a community group that was the lowest cost, highest
    efficiency housing I had ever seen in an urban area. And there are a lot
    of these things going on in our country today which need to be
    supported, not by uniform Federal programs.
        Secondly, I want to say that Mayor Daley was the first big-city
    Mayor to tell me, again more than a year ago, that an enormous amount of
    money being appropriated by the Congress was not being well spent
    because of all the rules and regulations and that we needed to focus
    first on getting more buying for the present dollar we're getting. And
    he cited me, chapter and verse, some of the things that you've mentioned
    today.
        Secondly, I want to say to Ted, I think we have got in our economic
    program and in this proposal significant incentives from our equity
    financing for economic development. But I will look at the ``Community
    Economic Partnership Act.'' And I do agree that we need to be actively
    involved in the cleanup of some of these sites that we can restore to
    industrial development in a lot of our urban areas if we can solve the
    environmental problems. I see this as a really big job generator for
    America over the next few years. It's a big problem just trying to find
    work for all of the people who want to go to work now in our country.
    It's a big problem worldwide. And the environmental cleanup and
    rehabilitation of a lot of these abandoned areas in our urban cities and
    in some of our small towns and rural areas, too, I think is very, very
    important. I thank you for that.
        Let's go on to Baltimore now. Mayor?
        Mayor Kurt Schmoke. Yes, sir. Good morning.
        The President. Are you really at the Parks Sausage Company?
        Mayor Schmoke. Absolutely. And Ray Haysbert, the chairman of Parks
    Sausage, is sitting right here next to me.
        The President. I want you to send me some. I admit that I am hereby
    asking for my own pork. [Laughter] I plead guilty.

    [Mayor Schmoke stated his support for waivers to provide flexibility at
    the local level and advocated greater involvement of the Justice
    Department in community policing as part of community development
    initiatives. Raymond Haysbert, chairman, Parks Sausage Co., then
    endorsed the President's community development strategy and his efforts
    to restructure Government.]

        The President. Thank you, Raymond. I've been very impressed with the
    work that the Baltimore Economic Development Corporation has done there.
    And I know you've had a lot of attention to the work that's been done
    there over the last few years. It's evidence that if you've got some
    committed people and some land and some physical structures, that you
    can

    [[Page 558]]

    really do things to put people to work back in cities and in areas where
    others have given up.
        I think that all anybody has to do is go out there and see--I think
    you've got, my staff has said, about 1,400 people working in the
    industrial park now, and all the different businesses generating taxes,
    attracting private investment. That's the sort of thing we're going to
    have to do. The Government doesn't have enough money to solve this
    problem. We've got to leverage what resources we have to get private
    sector people like you to come in and put folks to work. And I really
    thank you on that.
        And Mayor Schmoke, I should have depended on you as an old
    prosecutor to mention the Justice Department, but I want to assure you
    that the Justice Department is an integral part of this project. These
    cities, both the empowerment zones and the enterprise cities, will be
    considered for priorities for community policing, for alternative
    punishments, for institutions like the drug court which Janet Reno
    helped to set up in Miami, all things which really help communities
    become safer and handle their crime and drug problems better, as well as
    for community development banks and some of the initiatives that we're
    going to have to try to bring capital into these areas.
        But the Justice Department will be a big part of that. And she's
    very excited about it. You'll be able to talk to her about it today. But
    we think there are a lot of things the Justice Department can do to make
    both the perception and the reality of safer streets and safer
    communities a big asset in developing the economy and putting people to
    work.
        Mayor Schmoke. Thanks, Mr. President.
        The President. York? Mayor Althaus, are you on the phone?
        Mayor Bill Althaus. I sure am, Mr. President.
        The President. The first night I spent on my bus trip was York,
    Pennsylvania.

    [Mayor Althaus, chairman of U.S. Conference of Mayors, endorsed the
    President's urban strategy. Robert Simpson, executive director,
    Christmas Addicts Neighborhood Association, then advocated cutting
    redtape and implementing a grassroots approach to community
    development.]

        The President. Thank you, Robert. You know, I think you might be
    able to be a model for what we're trying to do in some other cities. But
    I'm sure that this works.
        A few years ago as Governor, I set up a program quite similar to
    this in our poorest counties, and I required all of them to come up with
    community-based development plans and then we worked hard to try to make
    sure all the resources of the State were put at their disposal. And we
    even got the Federal Agencies involved. But I always had the feeling
    that we could have done so much more if the Federal Government had been
    able to fully join our efforts. But I'm very impressed by what you've
    done there.
        I want to say a special word of thanks to you, Mayor Althaus. You
    know, we find, I think, that partisan differences tend to evaporate the
    further you get away from Washington. And when more people get down to
    the grassroots and have to face each other across the table and deal
    with real problems, it's obvious that there are certain things that work
    and certain things that don't, and people tend to work on what works.
        I can't tell you how much respect I have for the leadership you've
    given the U.S. Conference of Mayors and the willingness that you have
    expressed to work with us in trying to find American solutions to these
    problems. I am convinced that at the very basic human level we need to
    make a departure from the approaches of the past. And you've been
    willing to do that, and I take my hat off to you. And I hope that we can
    do that more and more and more on all these problems, because a lot of
    these problems are America's problems, and they don't have a partisan
    label after them. And I think if all of us take our blinders off and
    roll our sleeves up, we'll get a lot further. And I really appreciate
    you.
        Thank you.
        Mayor Althaus. Mr. President, thank you. I have to say, the
    partisanship in Washington is not at your end of Pennsylvania Avenue
    right now. It's really not. It's been a joy working with you.
        The President. Thank you, Mayor.
        New York?
        Mayor David Dinkins. Yes, sir.
        The President. Hello, Mayor.

    [New York City Mayor Dinkins complimented the President on members of
    the administration, discussed the success of New York City's community
    policing effort, and stated his support for the empowerment initiative.
    David Jones,

    [[Page 559]]

    president and chief executive officer of the Community Service Society,
    then stated his support for the President's approach to community
    development and administration initiatives on health care reform, job
    training, and voluntarism.]

        The President. Thank you, Mayor, and thank you, David Jones.
        Let me just comment first on what Mr. Jones said. I think we do have
    to provide some assistance to build up these community-based, nonprofit
    organizations. And I do think the National Government has to take the
    lead in health care, in trying to put together the kind of system that
    will work on job training and apprenticeship programs, as well as trying
    to take a little different direction, as you know I feel we should, on
    the drug front. And that's one reason I asked Lee Brown to be the drug
    czar.
        But I'm also convinced that if we do this, that building these
    things at the grassroots level and having everything driven by that is
    the only way to ever get anything done, in my opinion. You know, we've
    got to help people to help themselves, and that's what this whole thing
    is about.
        The other point I wanted to make in response to what you said, Mayor
    Dinkins, is, first of all, thank you for the compliments on the people
    in my administration. Andrew Cuomo had a lot to do with putting this
    initiative together, and he's sitting here in the Oval Office with me.
    Actually, he's standing in the back, so he grew about 4 inches when you
    were bragging on him in front of America.
        Mayor Dinkins. Very good.
        The President. And I thank you for that. And let me again once again
    emphasize that I am convinced that the experience of New York in
    community policing demonstrates beyond anything I could say that if we
    can put these programs in place in all the major neighborhoods of this
    country that have crime problems, we would immediately make them not
    only more livable and more attractive, we would make them far more apt
    to get private investment.
        This is a huge economic issue as well as a personal security issue.
    And that's why we've just got to wrap the Justice Department and crime
    control initiatives into this whole effort. If we don't do it, we can't
    be successful in some areas, and if we do, of course, the flip side is
    that we can.
        I want to thank all of you so much for giving me a little of your
    time today and for your support of this initiative. I hope you'll talk
    to your colleagues across the country, to the Members of Congress, and
    again reach out across party and other lines and say this is something
    that will be good for America. I need your help now to pass it, and I'm
    ready to go to work to do that.
        Thank you very, very much.
        Mayor Dinkins. Thank you, Mr. President.
        The President. Goodbye.

    [At this point, the teleconference ended, and the President took
    questions from reporters.]

    White House Staff

        Q. Mr. President, now that you've had your--what changes do you plan
    in the White House staff to make your administration more effective?
        The President. Keep in mind that, before you ask that question, this
    administration is the only one in 17 years to pass a budget resolution
    within the legal time limit. Nearly as I can tell, we have put more
    major initiatives out there in 100 days than any of my recent
    predecessors, and we're working on some very major problems. So I think,
    on balance, the staff has done a good job.
        We've lost one initiative in the Congress that took way too long,
    dealing with a relatively small program to put some people to work. What
    I think we need to do, frankly, is to get the focus back on the things
    that I have been working on from the beginning, passing the major
    economic program, making sure the Congress will adopt the spending cuts,
    reaffirming that I have no interest in raising taxes until spending is
    cut--no tax increases without the spending cuts--getting the budget
    program so that we can keep interest rates down.
        I talked to more people today, just people around here; I asked how
    many people have refinanced any housing loans or other loans that save
    money on that. That's going to be the biggest stimulus we can ever
    provide if we can keep the interest rates down with deficit reduction.
    And then going on to health care and passing these empowerment
    initiatives, that's the one we're here talking about today.
        So will we make any changes in the way our process works, to try and
    improve it? I hope we can make some. We've got that under review. We've
    been discussing it for, oh, about

    [[Page 560]]

    5 weeks now: What we can do to be more effective. After all, I just got
    here. I've never operated here before, and there are some things that
    are very different about the way Washington works, some good and some
    not so good.
        But I think we're on the right track, and I just want to focus now
    on the work before us, which is passing this budget. If we don't pass
    the final budget with the spending cuts and the revenue increases and
    keep them focused on the people who got all the benefits out of the
    eighties, having the upper income people pay the vast bulk of the load
    but not taxing them until the spending cuts were in place, that's what I
    think we have to do now. And that's what I'm focusing on.
        Q. Specifically, sir, will Mack McLarty be hiring a deputy to
    tighten things up in the operation?
        The President. One of the things that we've looked at--keep in mind
    one of my first spending cuts was committing by the end of the next
    fiscal year to have a White House staff that was 25 percent smaller than
    my predecessor's. But when I got to looking at it, every other Chief of
    Staff has always had basically three major; the recent ones, at least
    have had three major aides, and Mack's been functioning with one. So I'm
    trying to figure out how to give him at least one more. He still
    wouldn't have as many--if he had two instead of three, he wouldn't have
    as many as most of his predecessors have.
        But we think that there needs to be a little tighter coordination
    here to make sure that we've got our priorities straight and that those
    priorities are communicated all the way down to the staff, and a little
    better focus. One of the things that you risk when you try to get a lot
    of things going in a hurry--and we tried to get a lot of things going in
    a hurry because 4 years passes in a hurry--is that you wind up having
    people work very, very hard, but maybe getting a little out of focus.
    And I think we can tighten the focus a little, and I think that's what
    we ought to do.

    The Economy

        Q. Leading economic indicators are pretty grim. Do you think
    anything beyond what you've done, the empowerment zones, the economic
    stimulus package, has it got you thinking about either delaying the tax
    cuts further or any other kind of emergency push at this point?
        The President. I'll answer the specific question first. The best
    thing we can do for the economy this year, this year, is to clearly pass
    a multiyear deficit reduction plan because of what it will do to
    interest rates. As Americans borrow money at lower rates or refinance
    their existing debt, the economists estimate that over the next year and
    a half, that will put $110 billion back into this economy if we can get
    the interest rates down. That's a huge stimulant to the economy, totally
    in private sector investment to refinancing debt.
        So my present feeling is that we have got to pass the multiyear
    deficit reduction package, which requires the spending cuts first and
    the tax increases, focused on people who have basically benefited from
    the last 12 years of lower taxes. Now, I think we're going to have to--
    we need to pass that, keep the interest rates down, and see what
    happens.
        What I tried to do was make a down payment on the jobs plan. And I
    still would say what I've been saying since--well, all last year and
    even after the election, I tried to say that we were part of a global
    economy, where there was a lot of economic slowdown in Europe and
    elsewhere, and that people could not expect immediate results, and we
    were going to have to really focus on what it took to create jobs.
        I will say that again: My major focus--if I can pass the budget,
    then we will move on to health care and job creation. And I think that
    we may try a lot of things over the next 4 years because we're in a
    period of new and different economic forces which are all working to
    make it more challenging for us to create large numbers of new jobs.
        But I'm not at all surprised. I started saying back in November that
    there's too much recession in the rest of the economy, and we have cut
    defense spending in America without offsetting investments in our people
    and new jobs on the civilian front. And we were being burdened by
    enormous debt. But I can't tell you that I think we ought to come off
    the deficit reduction. I think bringing that deficit down and keeping
    interest rates down is the best investment program we've got right now.
        But we are going to have to keep our ears and eyes open, because
    this is a new and difficult and unprecedented time, and we've got to put
    the work of the American people first. So I wouldn't rule out anything
    down the road, but I'm confident we need to pass the budget

    [[Page 561]]

    first.

    Bosnia

        Q. Are there special forces in Bosnia on the ground?
        The President. There aren't any. I saw the report, Ron [Ron
    Fournier, Associated Press]. I don't know what the basis of it is. I
    have not authorized that at all.

    Note: The teleconference began at 10:30 a.m. The President spoke from
    the Oval Office at the White House. In his remarks, he referred to
    Andrew Cuomo, Assistant Secretary-designate for Community Planning and
    Development at HUD. A portion of the teleconference could not be
    verified because the tape was incomplete.