[Public Papers of the Presidents of the United States: George H. W. Bush (1992, Book I)]
[July 24, 1992]
[Pages 1168-1171]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office www.gpo.gov]



Remarks to the National League of Families of American Prisoners and 
Missing in Southeast Asia in Arlington, Virginia

July 24, 1992
    The President. Thank you all. Well, Sue, thank you very much. And 
Ann, glad to be back with you and this organization. To the members of 
the board, my respects; to the family, friends.
    Let me first start off by saluting two former NSC hands, Bud 
McFarland and Dick Childress over here who have worked very hard on all 
of this, and also the chairman emeritus, George Brooks.
    Let me begin by thanking you for the opportunity to speak again to 
what has got to be one of the bravest and most dedicated groups of 
Americans in this country.
    We live in a marvelous time, a time of tremendous opportunity. We've 
seen the end of the cold war and the collapse of imperial communism and 
a new birth of freedom from Moscow to Managua. America's courage, 
America's vision, America's values have indeed changed the world. And 
yes, the cold war may be over, but the noble cause that took your 
fathers, your sons, and your husbands away from home is with us still. 
Our work must not end and will not end until you have answers about your 
loved ones.
    Over the past 20 years, the National League of Families has seen the 
issue of your missing swept up in international or domestic politics, 
manipulated by foreign governments, exploited by con men, 
sensationalized by the media. All that time, you never lost sight of 
what you were looking for: good faith, an honest effort to resolve your 
uncertainty, to find answers to the agonizing question that you live 
with every day.
    Sometimes you may have wondered whether your Government had 
forgotten you. When President Reagan and I took office in '81, we made 
your ordeal our top priority. We knew that with all the uncertainties 
you live with, the one thing you should be sure of is that your 
Government really cares.
    You're talking to a person that was shot down himself in combat. 
Fortunately, I wasn't taken prisoner, but I was shot down in combat. I 
understand a little bit what that means. I understand what it means. And 
so we set out to meet with you to ask your advice.
    When we took office, no policy-level negotiations with Vietnam, 
Laos, or Cambodia had been held for several years. Despite the fears of 
some that negotiating with Vietnam implied recognition, despite the 
fears of others that the POW-MIA issue was a cold

[[Page 1169]]

war fantasy, we took your advice and entered into high-level 
negotiations.
    When we took office, some saw this issue as a matter between this 
Nation and Vietnam, not part of the broader relations between the U.S. 
and the Soviets, China, and our friends in Asia, the ASEAN countries. We 
took your advice and urged our friends as well as our adversaries to 
help us find the answers.
    Let me add that I am gratified to hear the ASEAN ambassadors are 
here today. I salute them over there. They are cooperating with us. 
Their countries deserve great credit for their understanding, for their 
help, and for their fellowship with you, the families.
    Most important of all, when we took office, we came up against a 
string of official statements----

[At this point, audience members interrupted the President's remarks.]

    The President. Here, would you come over a minute? Is that the----
    Audience member. This is symptomatic of the issue, President. This 
is our 23d meeting. Gosh darn it, why can't you--[inaudible]--and 
negotiate. The Vietnamese have everything we want. We have everything 
they want.
    Moderator. Excuse me, do the majority of the families here want to 
hear the President? The majority of them would like to hear the 
President.

[At this point, audience members again interrupted.]

    Moderator. We are so embarrassed.
    The President. It's an election year.
    Moderator. That's no excuse.
    Audience members. We won't budge! Tell the truth! We won't budge! 
Tell the truth!
    Moderator. I think it might be very important--if those who wish to 
hear the President will simply ask others to sit down, possibly we can 
hear what the President wants to say. And maybe if the media will stop 
taking pictures of the minority, they'll go away.

[At this point, league officers made efforts to restore order in the 
audience.]

    The President. What's happening?
    Audience member. We want you to continue your----[applause]
    The President. Where were we? [Laughter]
    Audience member. Down in front!
    The President. Yes, let's get these guys down in front, that's 
right.
    No, no, no, this is very emotional, understandably emotional. The 
thing that I would say to you, however, as a veteran and one who still 
wears my Navy wings from time to time, is I hope you understand how I 
feel about patriotism, about service to my country. And I will put my 
record up against anybody here.

[At this point, audience members again interrupted the President's 
remarks.]

    Moderator. Sit down!
    The President. And I just--would you please be quiet and let me 
finish. Would you please shut up and sit down.
    I would say this: To suggest that a Commander in Chief that led this 
country into its most successful recent effort would condone for one 
single day the personal knowledge of a person held against his will, 
whether it's here or anyplace else, is simply totally unfair.
    Now, to say I understand the agony that I've reheard here today is 
true. I do. But I do not like the suggestion that any American anywhere 
would know of a live American being held somewhere against his will, 
whether it's here or the allegation being over in the other part of the 
world. Iran, the suggestion was made that we left people being prisoner 
in Iran so to win an election. Now, what kind of an allegation is that 
to make against a patriot? What kind to make against--it is not.
    So I would simply say to you: I care about it. We are trying, and 
we're going to continue to try. And I understand the divisions here. I 
understand the divisions we hear in these hearings. I understand the 
agony that people feel. But I would also like to ask that you understand 
where I'm coming from on this issue. I think most of you do. I'm going 
to continue to try.
    We talked about Presidential commissions and congressional 
committees indicating that they felt Vietnam had done all it could,

[[Page 1170]]

and once again, we took your advice. We refused to accept the fact that 
the book was closed. It's no secret to any of you that for many years 
now, significant lobbying has taken place in opposition to this policy. 
Some of it comes from those same voices we've heard since the seventies, 
people who want us to pretend Vietnam never happened. Some comes from 
people who seek to smooth over sticking points that stand in the way of 
commercial opportunities. Others say, ``Look, the war is over. Let's 
move on.'' And that is something we can and will never say.
    Now, for us, the POW-MIA issue is not a sticking point, not some bad 
dream we shake off, not a footnote from a forgotten time we can simply 
ignore. The POW-MIA issue is something entirely different, something 
more. This I want you to understand: It is a question of justice, of 
oaths sworn, of commitments kept, and a nation's test of its own worth 
measured in the life of one, lone individual. This we know: The wounds 
won't heal, the American family will not be whole, as I said earlier, so 
long as the brave men remain missing.
    In my Inaugural Address as President, I did say that good will 
begets good will. In the spirit of that statement, we developed a 
detailed road map for Vietnam, a road map that addresses our objectives 
as well as that Government's desire in terms of diplomatic and economic 
relations with the United States. Let me be very clear: Without further 
positive movement on the POW's and MIA's, we cannot and will not 
continue to move forward with Hanoi.
    Now, the other side of this is, where they have moved, we've 
responded. When the Government of Vietnam pledged greater cooperation, 
including field operations, we greatly increased our manpower, even 
opened a permanent office in Hanoi. While we've seen an unprecedented 
level of joint investigations, these activities have not provided the 
concrete results that we seek. Make no mistake, we want to continue and 
expand our joint efforts. And I'll never accept joint activities as a 
substitute for real results. Your long years of uncertainty must end, 
and I am pledged to end them in any way I can.
    Now as a measure of simple human decency, I call on the Government 
of Vietnam again to repatriate all recovered and readily recoverable 
remains. I call on the Government of Vietnam to act without delay. I can 
say in return the United States stands ready to move forward on the road 
map that we've laid out.
    My message is the same to the other nations of Indochina. In Laos, 
our joint field operations have produced definitive answers, but the 
process remains painfully slow and cumbersome. We recognize the reality 
that most of our men unaccounted for in Laos were lost in areas under 
Vietnamese control. Our relations with Laos have grown from wary 
distrust in those early eighties to a broader, more open relationship. 
We cannot let this momentum wane. I address the Lao leaders when I say 
our relationship can grow further and will, if and when they provide the 
cooperation we now seek.
    Our years of trying to seek cooperation from Cambodia and the 
Soviets were not rewarded until just recently. The U.N.-sponsored 
settlement plan in Cambodia, the historic changes in the lands that used 
to be the Soviet Union have opened the way for unprecedented access. We 
will push hard to translate this access into answers.
    I know you've lived through hopes and then hopes dashed before. 
Unfortunately, and it breaks my heart to see this happen, we have seen 
false reporting. I think we would all agree there have been some scam 
operations that divert manpower and sap our resources. I simply cannot 
fathom the cruelty of those who would exploit that issue for personal 
gain.
    Nevertheless, we are determined not to allow such incidents to 
discourage us. We're going to continue to pursue and openly receive 
information from all sources and continue to treat each report, every 
report, as the breakthrough that just might end the ordeal of one single 
American family.
    I think our efforts have produced some results. For 241 families, 
the uncertainty has ended. For others, too many others, the questions 
linger. Every day now, it seems, the news purports to unearth some great 
new revelation of fact, facts that you've known for 20 years and facts 
we've shared

[[Page 1171]]

with you for a decade.
    Well, the key fact is one we all agree on: There are Americans who 
did not return home at the end of hostilities and Americans last known 
to be alive. Accounting for these men remains this highest priority. 
Although there's not proof that any Americans are now alive, in the 
absence of firm answers, our assumption will always be: Let facts direct 
our policy, and let hope be our guide.
    So the policy remains: full disclosure, full disclosure of all 
relevant information to families. And we're going to continue to 
cooperate fully with congressional committees to ensure the access they 
must have to perform their oversight role.
    But there are some things we're not going to do, however loud the 
critics may complain. We will not publicly release any information that 
would jeopardize ongoing intelligence or negotiating efforts to account 
for your missing loved ones.
    Let the critics complain. We have got to get this job done. As 
President, I take it to be an article of faith, a solemn covenant with 
those who serve this country: The United States will make every possible 
effort always, take every possible action to account for those taken 
prisoner or missing in action. Our aim remains the fullest possible 
accounting for POW's and MIA's and nothing less. And I want you to know 
that comes to you with conviction.
    Let me just say something about this gentleman sitting here. Tell me 
your name again--Jeff. I can't pretend to know the grief that you carry 
in your heart. My experience in combat was a little different. My 
wingman was shot down the first--disappeared the first mission I was on. 
We had maybe something like 7 out of our squadron of 15 killed.
    I understand what combat is, but because of the way Barbara and I 
feel about our family, I can't try to say that I understand the grief 
that you carry with you every day, the anguish of uncertainty. So I 
don't want to try to put myself with everybody here who has suffered for 
a long time on an equal plane in that sense. That's not what I'm trying 
to do.
    But I can remember that day that I mentioned to you 50 years ago, 
when I was a scared kid, 20 years old, I think, floating around just a 
couple of miles off a Japanese-held island. I remember the uncertainty 
at that moment. I can remember, when I wasn't wondering if anyone would 
find me at all, my worry was, who's going to find me.
    So what I'm trying to say is I can identify with those who served, 
and I can identify with their sacrifice. I can identify as a father who 
lost a child with the family implications, but again I'm not trying to 
put myself on the same plane with those who have suffered a lot.
    But what I want to tell you is: I mean what I tell you, in terms of 
priority. I know there's doubt here, and I know people are saying, as 
this gentleman said right from the heart, ``Go over there and bring them 
back.'' Do you think if I knew of one single person and where he is and 
how it was, that I wouldn't do that? Of course, I'd do that.
    So all I'm asking, all I'm here to say is I am the President, and I 
am the Commander in Chief. Some of you believe it and some of you may 
not, but we are going to get this job done, and we are going to account 
for every single person who is missing. I'm going to keep on it. I don't 
care how long it takes.
    Thank you very, very much. Thank you.

                    Note: The President spoke at 9:35 a.m. at the 
                        Stouffer Concourse Hotel. In his remarks, he 
                        referred to Sue Scott, chairman of the board, 
                        and Ann Mills Griffiths, executive director, 
                        National League of Families of American 
                        Prisoners and Missing in Southeast Asia, who 
                        served as moderators.