    [117th Congress Public Law 167]
    [From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]

    [[Page 1365]]

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1366]]

    Public Law 117-167
    117th Congress

                                     An Act

    Making appropriations for Legislative Branch for the fiscal year ending
          September 30, 2022, and for other purposes. <<NOTE: Aug. 9,
                             2022 -  [H.R. 4346]>>

        Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the
    United States of America in Congress assembled,
    SECTION 1. TABLE OF CONTENTS.

        The table of contents for this Act is as follows:

    Sec. 1. Table of contents.
    Sec. 2. References.

                          DIVISION A--CHIPS ACT OF 2022

    Sec. 101. Short title.
    Sec. 102. Creating helpful incentives to produce semiconductors (CHIPS)
               for America fund.
    Sec. 103. Semiconductor incentives.
    Sec. 104. Opportunity and inclusion.
    Sec. 105. Additional GAO reporting requirements.
    Sec. 106. Appropriations for wireless supply chain innovation.
    Sec. 107. Advanced manufacturing investment credit.

                       DIVISION B--RESEARCH AND INNOVATION

    Sec. 10000. Table of contents.
    Sec. 10001. Short title.
    Sec. 10002. Definitions.
    Sec. 10003. Budgetary effects.

              TITLE I--DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY SCIENCE FOR THE FUTURE

    Sec. 10101. Mission of the Office of Science.
    Sec. 10102. Basic energy sciences program.
    Sec. 10103. Biological and environmental research.
    Sec. 10104. Advanced scientific computing research program.
    Sec. 10105. Fusion energy research.
    Sec. 10106. High energy physics program.
    Sec. 10107. Nuclear physics program.
    Sec. 10108. Science laboratories infrastructure program.
    Sec. 10109. Accelerator research and development.
    Sec. 10110. Isotope research, development, and production.
    Sec. 10111. Increased collaboration with teachers and scientists.
    Sec. 10112. High intensity laser research initiative; helium
               conservation program; Office of Science emerging biological
               threat preparedness research initiative; midscale
               instrumentation and research equipment program; authorization
               of appropriations.
    Sec. 10113. Established program to stimulate competitive research.
    Sec. 10114. Research security.

     TITLE II--NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS AND TECHNOLOGY FOR THE FUTURE

    Sec. 10201. Definitions.

                   Subtitle A--Authorization of Appropriations

    Sec. 10211. Authorization of appropriations.

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1367]]

                        Subtitle B--Measurement Research

    Sec. 10221. Engineering biology and biometrology.
    Sec. 10222. Greenhouse gas measurement research.
    Sec. 10223. NIST authority for cybersecurity and privacy activities.
    Sec. 10224. Software security and authentication.
    Sec. 10225. Digital identity management research.
    Sec. 10226. Biometrics research and testing.
    Sec. 10227. Federal biometric performance standards.
    Sec. 10228. Protecting research from cybersecurity theft.
    Sec. 10229. Dissemination of resources for research institutions.
    Sec. 10230. Advanced communications research.
    Sec. 10231. Neutron scattering.
    Sec. 10232. Artificial intelligence.
    Sec. 10233. Sustainable chemistry research and education.
    Sec. 10234. Premise plumbing research.
    Sec. 10235. Dr. David Satcher Cybersecurity Education Grant Program.

                         Subtitle C--General Activities

    Sec. 10241. Educational outreach and support for underrepresented
               communities.
    Sec. 10242. Other transactions authority.
    Sec. 10243. Report to Congress on collaborations with government
               agencies.
    Sec. 10244. Hiring critical technical experts.
    Sec. 10245. International standards development.
    Sec. 10246. Standard technical update.
    Sec. 10247. GAO study of NIST research security policies and protocols.
    Sec. 10248. Standards development organization grants.

            Subtitle D--Hollings Manufacturing Extension Partnership

    Sec. 10251. Establishment of expansion awards pilot program as a part of
               the Hollings Manufacturing Extension Partnership.
    Sec. 10252. Update to Hollings Manufacturing Extension Partnership.
    Sec. 10253. National Supply Chain Database.
    Sec. 10254. Hollings Manufacturing Extension Partnership activities.
    Sec. 10255. Amendment to the Hollings Manufacturing Extension
               Partnership relating to institutions of higher education.

                      Subtitle E--Manufacturing USA Program

    Sec. 10261. Supporting geographic diversity.
    Sec. 10262. Expanding opportunities through the Manufacturing USA
               Program.
    Sec. 10263. Promoting domestic production of technologies developed
               under Manufacturing USA Program.

              TITLE III--NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION FOR THE FUTURE

                         Subtitle A--Preliminary Matters

    Sec. 10301. Sense of Congress.
    Sec. 10302. Definitions.
    Sec. 10303. Authorization of appropriations.

                           Subtitle B--STEM Education

    Sec. 10311. PreK-12 STEM education.
    Sec. 10312. Undergraduate STEM education.
    Sec. 10313. Graduate STEM education.
    Sec. 10314. STEM workforce data.
    Sec. 10315. Cyber workforce development research and development.
    Sec. 10316. Federal cyber scholarship-for-service program.
    Sec. 10317. Cybersecurity workforce data initiative.
    Sec. 10318. Microelectronics workforce development activities.
    Sec. 10319. Incorporation of art and design into certain STEM education.
    Sec. 10320. Mandatory cost-sharing.
    Sec. 10321. Programs to address the STEM workforce.

                      Subtitle C--Broadening Participation

    Sec. 10321. Presidential awards for excellence in mathematics and
               science.
    Sec. 10322. Robert Noyce Teacher Scholarship program update.
    Sec. 10323. NSF Eddie Bernice Johnson INCLUDES Initiative.
    Sec. 10324. Broadening participation on major facilities awards.
    Sec. 10325. Expanding geographic and institutional diversity in
               research.
    Sec. 10326. Diversity in tech research.
    Sec. 10327. Chief Diversity Officer of the NSF.

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1368]]

    Sec. 10328. Research and dissemination to increase the participation of
               women and underrepresented minorities in STEM fields.
    Sec. 10329. Activities to expand STEM opportunities.
    Sec. 10330. Intramural emerging research institutions pilot program.

                        Subtitle D--NSF Research Security

    Sec. 10331. Office of Research Security and Policy.
    Sec. 10332. Chief of Research Security.
    Sec. 10333. Reporting to Congress.
    Sec. 10334. Online resource.
    Sec. 10335. Research awards.
    Sec. 10336. Authorities.
    Sec. 10337. Responsible conduct in research training.
    Sec. 10338. Research security and integrity information sharing analysis
               organization.
    Sec. 10339. Plan with respect to controlled information and background
               screening.
    Sec. 10339A. Foundation funding to institutions hosting or supporting
               Confucius Institutes.
    Sec. 10339B. Foreign financial support.
    Sec. 10339C. Authorization of appropriations.

                        Subtitle E--Fundamental Research

    Sec. 10341. Broader impacts.
    Sec. 10342. Sense of Congress.
    Sec. 10343. Research ethics.
    Sec. 10344. Research reproducibility and replicability.
    Sec. 10345. Climate change research.
    Sec. 10346. Social, behavioral, and economic sciences.
    Sec. 10347. Measuring impacts of Federally funded research and
               development.
    Sec. 10348. Food-energy-water research.
    Sec. 10349. Biological Field Stations and Marine Laboratories.
    Sec. 10350. Sustainable chemistry research and education.
    Sec. 10351. Risk and resilience research.
    Sec. 10352. Unmanned aircraft systems technologies.
    Sec. 10353. Accelerating unmanned maritime systems technologies.
    Sec. 10354. Leveraging international expertise in research.
    Sec. 10355. Biological research collections.
    Sec. 10356. Clean water research and technology acceleration.
    Sec. 10357. Technology and behavioral science research.
    Sec. 10358. Manufacturing research amendment.
    Sec. 10359. Critical minerals mining research and development.
    Sec. 10360. Study of AI research capacity.
    Sec. 10361. Advancing IoT for Precision Agriculture Capabilities Act.
    Sec. 10362. Astronomy and satellite constellations.
    Sec. 10363. Research on the impact of inflation.
    Sec. 10364. Microgravity utilization policy.
    Sec. 10365. Recognition of the Arecibo Observatory.

                       Subtitle F--Research Infrastructure

    Sec. 10371. Facility operation and maintenance.
    Sec. 10372. Reviews.
    Sec. 10373. Helium conservation.
    Sec. 10374. Advanced computing.
    Sec. 10375. National secure data service.

      Subtitle G--Directorate for Technology, Innovation, and Partnerships

    Sec. 10381. Establishment.
    Sec. 10382. Purposes.
    Sec. 10383. Activities.
    Sec. 10384. Requirements.
    Sec. 10385. Assistant Director.
    Sec. 10386. Advisory committee.
    Sec. 10387. Challenges and focus areas.
    Sec. 10388. Regional Innovation Engines.
    Sec. 10389. Translation accelerator.
    Sec. 10390. Test beds.
    Sec. 10391. Planning and capacity building awards.
    Sec. 10392. Entrepreneurial fellowships.
    Sec. 10393. Scholarships and fellowships.
    Sec. 10394. Research and development awards.
    Sec. 10395. Scaling innovations in PreK-12 STEM education.

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1369]]

    Sec. 10396. Authorities.
    Sec. 10397. Coordination of activities.
    Sec. 10398. Ethical, legal, and societal considerations.
    Sec. 10399. Reports and roadmaps.
    Sec. 10399A. Evaluation.

                      Subtitle H--Administrative Amendments

    Sec. 10399D. Supporting veterans in STEM careers.
    Sec. 10399E. Sunshine Act compliance.
    Sec. 10399F. Science and engineering indicators report submission.

                  TITLE IV--BIOECONOMY RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT

    Sec. 10401. Definitions.
    Sec. 10402. National engineering biology research and development
               initiative.
    Sec. 10403. Initiative coordination.
    Sec. 10404. Advisory committee on engineering biology research and
               development.
    Sec. 10405. External review of ethical, legal, environmental, safety,
               security, and societal issues.
    Sec. 10406. Agency activities.
    Sec. 10407. Rule of construction.

                  TITLE V--BROADENING PARTICIPATION IN SCIENCE

                         Subtitle A--STEM Opportunities

    Sec. 10501. Federal research agency policies for caregivers.
    Sec. 10502. Collection and reporting of data on federal research awards.
    Sec. 10503. Policies for review of Federal research awards.
    Sec. 10504. Collection of data on demographics of faculty.
    Sec. 10505. Cultural and institutional barriers to expanding the
               academic and Federal STEM workforce.
    Sec. 10506. Existing activities.
    Sec. 10507. Report to Congress.
    Sec. 10508. Merit review.
    Sec. 10509. Determination of budgetary effects.
    Sec. 10510. Definition.

                    Subtitle B--Rural STEM Education Research

    Sec. 10511. Definition.
    Sec. 10512. National Science Foundation rural STEM activities.
    Sec. 10513. Opportunities for online education.
    Sec. 10514. National Academies evaluation.
    Sec. 10515. GAO review.
    Sec. 10516. NIST engagement with rural communities.

                        Subtitle C--MSI STEM Achievement

    Sec. 10521. GAO review.
    Sec. 10522. Agency responsibilities.
    Sec. 10523. Research at the National Science Foundation.
    Sec. 10524. Capacity-building program for developing universities.
    Sec. 10525. Tribal Colleges and Universities program.
    Sec. 10526. Definitions.

               Subtitle D--Combating Sexual Harassment in Science

    Sec. 10531. Findings.
    Sec. 10532. Purpose.
    Sec. 10533. Definition.
    Sec. 10534. Research awards.
    Sec. 10535. Responsible Conduct Guide.
    Sec. 10536. Interagency working group.
    Sec. 10537. National Academies assessment.
    Sec. 10538. GAO study.
    Sec. 10539. Authorization of appropriations.

            TITLE VI--MISCELLANEOUS SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY PROVISIONS

                 Subtitle A--Supporting Early-career Researchers

    Sec. 10601. Early-career research fellowship program.
    Sec. 10602. Authorization of appropriations.

              Subtitle B--National Science and Technology Strategy

    Sec. 10611. National science and technology strategy.

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1370]]

    Sec. 10612. Strategy and report on the Nation's economic security,
               science, research, and innovation to support the national
               security strategy.
    Sec. 10613. Quadrennial science and technology review.

                         Subtitle C--Regional Innovation

    Sec. 10621. Regional innovation capacity.
    Sec. 10622. Regional Clean Energy Innovation Program.

                          Subtitle D--Research Security

    Sec. 10631. Requirements for foreign talent recruitment programs.
    Sec. 10632. Malign foreign talent recruitment program prohibition.
    Sec. 10633. Review of contracts and agreements.
    Sec. 10634. Research security training requirement for Federal research
               award personnel.
    Sec. 10635. Research funds accounting.
    Sec. 10636. Person or entity of concern prohibition.
    Sec. 10637. Nondiscrimination.
    Sec. 10638. Definitions.

       Subtitle E--Coastal and Ocean Acidification Research and Innovation

    Sec. 10641. Short title.
    Sec. 10642. Purposes.
    Sec. 10643. Definitions.
    Sec. 10644. Interagency working group.
    Sec. 10645. Strategic research plan.
    Sec. 10646. NOAA ocean acidification activities.
    Sec. 10647. NSF ocean acidification activities.
    Sec. 10648. NASA ocean acidification activities.
    Sec. 10649. Authorization of appropriations.

                      Subtitle F--Interagency Working Group

    Sec. 10651. Interagency working group.

                Subtitle G--Quantum Networking and Communications

    Sec. 10661. Quantum networking and communications.

                        Subtitle H--Blockchain Specialist

    Sec. 10671. Establishment of blockchain and cryptocurrency specialist
               position within OSTP.

           Subtitle I--Partnerships for Energy Security and Innovation

    Sec. 10691. Foundation for Energy Security and Innovation.

                   Subtitle J--Energizing Technology Transfer

    Sec. 10701. Definitions.

           PART 1--National Clean Energy Technology Transfer Programs

    Sec. 10713. National clean energy incubator program.
    Sec. 10714. Clean energy technology university prize competition.
    Sec. 10715. Clean energy technology transfer coordination.

     PART 2--Supporting Technology Development at the National Laboratories

    Sec. 10716. Lab partnering service pilot program.
    Sec. 10717. Lab-embedded entrepreneurship program.
    Sec. 10718. Small business voucher program.
    Sec. 10719. Entrepreneurial leave program.
    Sec. 10720. National Laboratory non-Federal employee outside employment
               authority.

                   PART 3--Department of Energy Modernization

    Sec. 10722. Office of Technology Transitions.
    Sec. 10723. Management of Department of Energy demonstration projects.
    Sec. 10724. Streamlining prize competitions.
    Sec. 10725. Cost-share waiver extension.
    Sec. 10726. Special hiring authority for scientific, engineering, and
               project management personnel.
    Sec. 10727. Technology transfer reports and evaluation.

                              Subtitle K--Micro Act

    Sec. 10731. Microelectronics research for energy innovation.

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1371]]

        Subtitle L--National Nuclear University Research Infrastructure
                                  Reinvestment

    Sec. 10741. Short title.
    Sec. 10742. Purposes.
    Sec. 10743. University infrastructure collaboration.
    Sec. 10744. Advanced nuclear research infrastructure enhancement
               subprogram.
    Sec. 10745. Science education and human resources scholarships,
               fellowships, and research and development projects.

        Subtitle M--Steel Upgrading Partnerships and Emissions Reduction

    Sec. 10751. Low-emissions steel manufacturing research program.

        Subtitle N--Applied Laboratories Infrastructure Restoration and
                                  Modernization

    Sec. 10761. Applied laboratories infrastructure restoration and
               modernization.

          Subtitle O--Department of Energy Research, Development, and
                            Demonstration Activities

    Sec. 10771. Department of Energy research, development, and
               demonstration activities.

                       Subtitle P--Fission for the Future

    Sec. 10781. Advanced nuclear technologies Federal research, development,
               and demonstration program.

     TITLE VII--NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE ADMINISTRATION AUTHORIZATION
                                       ACT

    Sec. 10801. Short title.
    Sec. 10802. Definitions.

                             Subtitle A--Exploration

    Sec. 10811. Moon to Mars.
    Sec. 10812. Space Launch System configurations.
    Sec. 10813. Rocket engine test infrastructure.
    Sec. 10814. Pearl River maintenance.
    Sec. 10815. Extension and modification relating to International Space
               Station.
    Sec. 10816. Priorities for International Space Station.
    Sec. 10817. Technical amendments relating to Artemis missions.

                               Subtitle B--Science

    Sec. 10821. Science priorities.
    Sec. 10822. Search for life.
    Sec. 10823. Next generation of astrophysics great observatories.
    Sec. 10824. Earth science missions and programs.
    Sec. 10825. Planetary Defense Coordination Office.

                             Subtitle C--Aeronautics

    Sec. 10831. Experimental aircraft projects.
    Sec. 10832. Unmanned aircraft systems.
    Sec. 10833. Cleaner, quieter airplanes.

                          Subtitle D--Space Technology

    Sec. 10841. Space nuclear capabilities.
    Sec. 10842. Prioritization of low-enriched uranium technology.

                           Subtitle E--STEM Engagement

    Sec. 10851. Office of STEM Engagement.

                            Subtitle F--Miscellaneous

    Sec. 10861. Program, workforce, and industrial base reviews.
    Sec. 10862. Modification of lease of non-excess property.

       DIVISION C--SUPPLEMENTAL APPROPRIATIONS TO ADDRESS THREATS TO THE
                       SUPREME COURT OF THE UNITED STATES

    SEC. 2. <<NOTE: 15 USC 4652 note.>> REFERENCES.

        Except as expressly provided otherwise, any reference to ``this
    Act'' contained in any division of this Act shall be treated as
    referring only to the provisions of that division.

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1372]]

    DIVISION <<NOTE: CHIPS Act of 2022.>> A--CHIPS ACT OF 2022
    SEC. 101. <<NOTE: 15 USC 4651 note.>> SHORT TITLE.

        This division may be cited as the ``CHIPS Act of 2022''.
    SEC. 102. CREATING HELPFUL INCENTIVES TO PRODUCE SEMICONDUCTORS
                            (CHIPS) FOR AMERICA FUND.

        (a) CHIPS for America Fund.--
                (1) Establishment.--There is established in the Treasury of
            the United States a fund to be known as the ``Creating Helpful
            Incentives to Produce Semiconductors (CHIPS) for America Fund''
            (referred to in this subsection as the ``Fund'') for the
            Secretary of Commerce to carry out sections 9902, 9904, and 9906
            of the William M. (Mac) Thornberry National Defense
            Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 (15 U.S.C. 4652, 4654,
            and 4656; Public Law 116-283). <<NOTE: Transfer
            authority.>> Amounts in the Fund to carry out sections 9904 and
            9906 of Public Law 116-283 shall be transferred to and merged
            with accounts within the Department of Commerce to be used for
            such purposes, except that amounts transferred to carry out
            section 9904 of Public Law 116-283 shall remain available until
            September 30, 2025.
                (2) Appropriation.--
                        (A) In addition to amounts otherwise available for
                    such purposes, there is appropriated to the Fund
                    established in subsection (a)(1), out of amounts in the
                    Treasury not otherwise appropriated--
                              (i) for fiscal year 2022, $24,000,000,000, to
                          remain available until expended, of which
                          $19,000,000,000 shall be for section 9902 of
                          Public Law 116-283, $2,000,000,000 shall be for
                          subsection (c) of section 9906 of Public Law 116-
                          283, $2,500,000,000 shall be for subsection (d) of
                          section 9906 of Public Law 116-283, and
                          $500,000,000 shall be for subsections (e) and (f)
                          of section 9906 of Public Law 116-283;
                              (ii) for fiscal year 2023, $7,000,000,000 to
                          remain available until expended, of which
                          $5,000,000,000 shall be for section 9902 of Public
                          Law 116-283 and $2,000,000,000 shall be for
                          subsections (c), (d), (e), and (f) of section 9906
                          of Public Law 116-283;
                              (iii) for fiscal year 2024, $6,300,000,000, to
                          remain available until expended, of which
                          $5,000,000,000 shall be for section 9902 of Public
                          Law 116-283 and $1,300,000,000 shall be for
                          subsections (c), (d), (e), and (f) of section 9906
                          of Public Law 116-283;
                              (iv) for fiscal year 2025, $6,100,000,000, to
                          remain available until expended, of which
                          $5,000,000,000 shall be for section 9902 of Public
                          Law 116-283 and $1,100,000,000 shall be for
                          subsections (c), (d), (e), and (f) of section 9906
                          of Public Law 116-283; and
                              (v) for fiscal year 2026, $6,600,000,000, to
                          remain available until expended, of which
                          $5,000,000,000 shall be for section 9902 of Public
                          Law 116- 283 and $1,600,000,000 shall be for
                          subsections (c), (d), (e), and (f) of section 9906
                          of Public Law 116-283.

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1373]]

                        (B) Direct loans and loan guarantees.--The Secretary
                    of Commerce may use--
                              (i) up to $6,000,000,000 of the amounts made
                          available for fiscal year 2022 for section 9902 of
                          Public Law 116-283 for the cost of direct loans
                          and loan guarantees, as authorized by section 9902
                          of Public Law 116-283, provided that--
                                        (I) such costs, including the cost
                                    of modifying such loans and loan
                                    guarantees shall be as defined in
                                    section 502 of the Congressional Budget
                                    Act of 1974; and
                                        (II) these funds are available to
                                    subsidize gross obligations for the
                                    principal amount of direct loans and
                                    total loan principal, any part of which
                                    is to be guaranteed, not to exceed
                                    $75,000,000,000;
                              (ii) <<NOTE: Transfer authority.>> up to 2
                          percent of the amounts made available in each
                          fiscal year for salaries and expenses,
                          administration, and oversight purposes to carry
                          out sections 9902 and 9906 of Public Law 116-283,
                          of which $5,000,000 in each of fiscal years 2022
                          through 2026 shall be transferred to the Office of
                          Inspector General of the Department of Commerce to
                          oversee expenditures from the Fund; and
                              (iii) up to $2,300,000 of the amounts made
                          available in fiscal year 2022 to carry out section
                          9904 of Public Law 116-283.
                (3) Assistance for mature technology nodes.--Of the amount
            available in fiscal year 2022 to implement section 9902 of the
            William M. (Mac) Thornberry National Defense Authorization Act
            for Fiscal Year 2021 (15 U.S.C. 4652), $2,000,000,000 shall be
            to provide Federal financial assistance to covered entities to
            incentivize investment in facilities and equipment in the United
            States for the fabrication, assembly, testing, or packaging of
            semiconductors at mature technology nodes under subsection (e)
            of that section, as added by section 103 of this Act.
                (4) Allocation authority.--
                        (A) <<NOTE: President.>>  Submission of cost
                    estimates.--The President shall submit to Congress
                    detailed account, program, and project allocations of
                    the full amount made available under subsection (a)(2)--
                              (i) <<NOTE: Time period. Deadline.>>  for
                          fiscal years 2022 and 2023, not later than 60 days
                          after the date of enactment of this Act; and
                              (ii) for each subsequent fiscal year through
                          2026, as part of the annual budget submission of
                          the President under section 1105(a) of title 31,
                          United States Code.
                        (B) Alternate allocation.--
                              (i) In general.--The Committees on
                          Appropriations of the House of Representatives and
                          the Senate may provide for alternate allocation of
                          amounts made available under subsection (a)(2),
                          including by account, program, and project.
                              (ii) Allocation by president.--
                                        (I) No alternate allocations.--If
                                    Congress has not enacted legislation
                                    establishing alternate allocations,
                                    including by account, program, and

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1374]]

                                    project, by the date on which the Act
                                    making full-year appropriations for the
                                    Departments of Commerce and Justice,
                                    Science, and Related Agencies for the
                                    applicable fiscal year is enacted into
                                    law, only then shall amounts made
                                    available under subsection (a)(2) be
                                    allocated by the President or
                                    apportioned or allotted by account,
                                    program, and project pursuant to title
                                    31, United States Code.
                                        (II) Insufficient alternate
                                    allocation.--If Congress enacts
                                    legislation establishing alternate
                                    allocations, including by account,
                                    program, and project, for amounts made
                                    available under subsection (a)(2) that
                                    are less than the full amount
                                    appropriated under that subsection, the
                                    difference between the amount
                                    appropriated and the alternate
                                    allocation shall be allocated by the
                                    President and apportioned and allotted
                                    by account, program, and project
                                    pursuant to title 31, United States
                                    Code.

        (b) CHIPS for America Defense Fund.--
                (1) Establishment.--There is established in the Treasury of
            the United States a fund to be known as the ``Creating Helpful
            Incentives to Produce Semiconductors (CHIPS) for America Defense
            Fund'' (referred to in this subsection as the ``Fund'') to
            provide for those requirements that are necessary to carry out
            section 9903(b) of the William M. (Mac) Thornberry National
            Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 (15 U.S.C.
            4653(b)). <<NOTE: Transfer authority.>>  Amounts in the Fund
            shall be transferred to and merged with accounts within the
            Department of Defense to be used for such purposes. Amounts in
            the Fund or transferred to and merged with accounts within the
            Department of Defense may not be used for construction of
            facilities.
                (2) <<NOTE: Time periods.>>  Appropriation.--In addition to
            amounts otherwise available for such purposes, there is
            appropriated to the Fund established in subsection (b)(1), out
            of amounts in the Treasury not otherwise appropriated--
                        (A) for fiscal year 2023, $400,000,000, to remain
                    available until September 30, 2023;
                        (B) for fiscal year 2024, $400,000,000, to remain
                    available until September 30, 2024;
                        (C) for fiscal year 2025, $400,000,000, to remain
                    available until September 30, 2025;
                        (D) for fiscal year 2026, $400,000,000, to remain
                    available until September 30, 2026; and
                        (E) for fiscal year 2027, $400,000,000, to remain
                    available until September 30, 2027.
                (3) Allocation authority.--
                        (A) <<NOTE: President.>>  Submission of cost
                    estimates.--The President shall submit to Congress
                    detailed account, program element, and project
                    allocations of the full amount made available under
                    subsection (b)(2)--
                              (i) <<NOTE: Deadline.>>  for fiscal year 2023,
                          not later than 60 days after the date of enactment
                          of this Act; and
                              (ii) for each subsequent fiscal year through
                          2027, as part of the annual budget submission of
                          the President under section 1105(a) of title 31,
                          United States Code.

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1375]]

                        (B) Alternate allocation.--
                              (i) In general.--The Committees on
                          Appropriations of the House of Representatives and
                          the Senate may provide for alternate allocation of
                          amounts made available under subsection (b)(2),
                          including by account, program element, and
                          project.
                              (ii) Allocation by president.--
                                        (I) No alternate allocations.--If
                                    Congress has not enacted legislation
                                    establishing alternate allocations,
                                    including by account, program element,
                                    and project, by the date on which the
                                    Act making full-year appropriations for
                                    the Department of Defense for the
                                    applicable fiscal year is enacted into
                                    law, only then shall amounts made
                                    available under subsection (b)(2) be
                                    allocated by the President or
                                    apportioned or allotted by account,
                                    program element, and project pursuant to
                                    title 31, United States Code.
                                        (II) Insufficient alternate
                                    allocation.--If Congress enacts
                                    legislation establishing alternate
                                    allocations, including by account,
                                    program element, and project, for
                                    amounts made available under subsection
                                    (b)(2) that are less than the full
                                    amount appropriated under that
                                    subsection, the difference between the
                                    amount appropriated and the alternate
                                    allocation shall be allocated by the
                                    President and apportioned and allotted
                                    by account, program element, and project
                                    pursuant to title 31, United States
                                    Code.

        (c) CHIPS for America International Technology Security and
    Innovation Fund.--
                (1) Establishment.--There is established in the Treasury of
            the United States a fund to be known as the ``Creating Helpful
            Incentives to Produce Semiconductors (CHIPS) for America
            International Technology Security and Innovation Fund''
            (referred to in this subsection as the ``Fund'') to provide for
            international information and communications technology security
            and semiconductor supply chain activities, including to support
            the development and adoption of secure and trusted
            telecommunications technologies, secure semiconductors, secure
            semiconductors supply chains, and other emerging technologies
            and to carry out sections 9905 and 9202(a)(2) of the William M.
            (Mac) Thornberry National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal
            Year 2021 (15 U.S.C. 4655 and 47 U.S.C. 906(a)(2)), as
            appropriate. <<NOTE: Transfer authority.>>  Amounts in the Fund
            shall be transferred by the Secretary of State to accounts
            within the Department of State, the United States Agency for
            International Development, the Export-Import Bank, and the
            United States International Development Finance Corporation, as
            appropriate, to be used for such purposes and under the terms
            and conditions of the account to which transferred.
                (2) Appropriation.--
                        (A) <<NOTE: Time periods.>>  In addition to amounts
                    otherwise available for such purposes, there is
                    appropriated to the Fund established in subsection
                    (c)(1), out of amounts in the Treasury not otherwise
                    appropriated--

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1376]]

                              (i) for fiscal year 2023, $100,000,000, to
                          remain available until September 30, 2027;
                              (ii) for fiscal year 2024, $100,000,000, to
                          remain available until September 30, 2028;
                              (iii) for fiscal year 2025, $100,000,000, to
                          remain available until September 30, 2029;
                              (iv) for fiscal year 2026, $100,000,000, to
                          remain available until September 30, 2030; and
                              (v) for fiscal year 2027, $100,000,000, to
                          remain available until September 30, 2031.
                        (B) <<NOTE: Transfer authority.>>  Use.--In carrying
                    out this subsection, the Secretary of State may use up
                    to $5,000,000 of the amounts made available in each
                    fiscal year for the Fund for salaries and expenses,
                    administration, and oversight purposes, of which
                    $500,000 in each of fiscal years 2023 through 2027 shall
                    be transferred to the Office of Inspector General of the
                    Department of State to oversee expenditures under the
                    Fund.
                (3) Allocation authority.--
                        (A) <<NOTE: President.>>  Submission of cost
                    estimates.--The President shall submit to Congress
                    detailed account, program, project, and activity
                    allocations of the full amount made available under
                    subsection (c)(2)--
                              (i) <<NOTE: Deadline.>>  for fiscal year 2023,
                          not later than 90 days after the date of enactment
                          of this Act; and
                              (ii) for each subsequent fiscal year through
                          2027, as part of the annual budget submission of
                          the President under section 1105(a) of title 31,
                          United States Code.
                        (B) Alternate allocation.--
                              (i) In general.--The Committees on
                          Appropriations of the House of Representatives and
                          the Senate may provide for alternate allocation of
                          amounts made available under subsection (c)(2),
                          including by account, program, project, and
                          activity.
                              (ii) Allocation by president.--
                                        (I) No alternate allocations.--If
                                    Congress has not enacted legislation
                                    establishing alternate allocations,
                                    including by account, program, project,
                                    and activity, by the date on which the
                                    Act making full-year appropriations for
                                    the Department of State, Foreign
                                    Operations, and Related Programs for the
                                    applicable fiscal year is enacted into
                                    law, only then shall amounts made
                                    available under subsection (c)(2) be
                                    allocated by the President or
                                    apportioned or allotted by account,
                                    program, project, and activity pursuant
                                    to title 31, United States Code.
                                        (II) Insufficient alternate
                                    allocation.--If Congress enacts
                                    legislation establishing alternate
                                    allocations, including by account,
                                    program, project, and activity, for
                                    amounts made available under subsection
                                    (c)(2) that are less than the full
                                    amount appropriated under that
                                    subsection, the difference between the
                                    amount appropriated and the alternate
                                    allocation shall be allocated by the
                                    President and apportioned and allotted
                                    by account, program,

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1377]]

                                    project, and activity pursuant to title
                                    31, United States Code.

        (d) Creating Helpful Incentives to Produce Semiconductors (CHIPS)
    for America Workforce and Education Fund.--
                (1) Establishment.--There is established in the Treasury of
            the United States a fund to be known as the ``Creating Helpful
            Incentives to Produce Semiconductors (CHIPS) for America
            Workforce and Education Fund'' (referred to in this subsection
            as the ``Fund'') for the National Science Foundation for
            microelectronics workforce development activities to meet the
            requirements under section 9906 of the William M. (Mac)
            Thornberry National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year
            2021 (15 U.S.C. 4656).
                (2) <<NOTE: Time period.>>  Appropriation.--In addition to
            amounts otherwise available for such purposes, there is
            appropriated to the Fund established in subsection (d)(1), out
            of amounts in the Treasury not otherwise appropriated--
                        (A) for fiscal year 2023, $25,000,000, to remain
                    available until expended;
                        (B) for fiscal year 2024, $25,000,000, to remain
                    available until expended;
                        (C) for fiscal year 2025, $50,000,000, to remain
                    available until expended;
                        (D) for fiscal year 2026, $50,000,000, to remain
                    available until expended; and
                        (E) for fiscal year 2027, $50,000,000, to remain
                    available until expended.
                (3) Allocation authority.--
                        (A) <<NOTE: President.>>  Submission of cost
                    estimates.--The President shall submit to Congress
                    detailed account, program, and project allocations of
                    the full amount made available under paragraph (2)--
                              (i) <<NOTE: Deadline.>>  for fiscal year 2023,
                          not later than 60 days after the date of enactment
                          of this Act; and
                              (ii) for each subsequent fiscal year through
                          2027, as part of the annual budget submission of
                          the President under section 1105(a) of title 31,
                          United States Code.
                        (B) Alternate allocation.--
                              (i) In general.--The Committees on
                          Appropriations of the House of Representatives and
                          the Senate may provide for alternate allocation of
                          amounts made available under paragraph (2),
                          including by account, program, and project.
                              (ii) Allocation by president.--
                                        (I) No alternate allocations.--If
                                    Congress has not enacted legislation
                                    establishing alternate allocations,
                                    including by account, program, and
                                    project, by the date on which the Act
                                    making full-year appropriations for the
                                    Departments of Commerce and Justice,
                                    Science, and Related Agencies for the
                                    applicable fiscal year is enacted into
                                    law, only then shall amounts made
                                    available under subsection (d)(2) be
                                    allocated by the President or
                                    apportioned or allotted by account,
                                    program, and project pursuant to title
                                    31, United States Code.

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1378]]

                                        (II) Insufficient alternate
                                    allocation.--If Congress enacts
                                    legislation establishing alternate
                                    allocations, including by account,
                                    program, and project, for amounts made
                                    available under subsection (d)(2) that
                                    are less than the full amount
                                    appropriated under that subsection, the
                                    difference between the amount
                                    appropriated and the alternate
                                    allocation shall be allocated by the
                                    President and apportioned and allotted
                                    by account, program, and project
                                    pursuant to title 31, United States
                                    Code.

        (e) Sequestration.--Section 255(g)(1)(A) of the Balanced Budget and
    Emergency Deficit Control Act of 1985 (2 U.S.C. 905(g)(1)(A)) is amended
    by inserting after ``Continuing Fund, Southwestern Power Administration
    (89-5649-0-2-271).'' the following:
                        ``Creating Helpful Incentives to Produce
                    Semiconductors (CHIPS) for America Fund.
                        ``Creating Helpful Incentives to Produce
                    Semiconductors (CHIPS) for America Defense Fund.
                        ``Creating Helpful Incentives to Produce
                    Semiconductors (CHIPS) for America International
                    Technology Security and Innovation Fund.
                        ``Creating Helpful Incentives to Produce
                    Semiconductors (CHIPS) for America Workforce and
                    Education Fund''.

        (f) Budgetary Effects.--
                (1) Statutory paygo scorecards.--The budgetary effects of
            this section shall not be entered on either PAYGO scorecard
            maintained pursuant to section 4(d) of the Statutory Pay-As-You-
            Go Act of 2010 (2 U.S.C. 933(d)).
                (2) Senate paygo scorecards.--The budgetary effects of this
            section shall not be entered on any PAYGO scorecard maintained
            for purposes of section 4106 of H. Con. Res. 71 (115th
            Congress).
                (3) Classification of budgetary effects.--Notwithstanding
            Rule 3 of the Budget Scorekeeping Guidelines set forth in the
            joint explanatory statement of the committee of conference
            accompanying Conference Report 105-217 and section 250(c)(8) of
            the Balanced Budget and Emergency Deficit Control Act of 1985,
            the budgetary effects of this section shall not be estimated--
                        (A) for purposes of section 251 of such Act;
                        (B) for purposes of an allocation to the Committee
                    on Appropriations pursuant to section 302(a) of the
                    Congressional Budget Act of 1974; and
                        (C) for purposes of paragraph (4)(C) of section 3 of
                    the Statutory Pay-As-You-Go Act of 2010 as being
                    included in an appropriation Act.

        (g) Limitation on Using Amounts for Stock Buybacks or the Payment of
    Dividends.--
                (1) <<NOTE: Determination.>>  In general.--A person
            receiving amounts appropriated under this section or from a
            covered fund may not use such amounts, as determined using the
            criteria for eligible uses of amounts under sections 9902(a)(4)
            and 9905(a)(4) of the William M. (Mac) Thornberry National
            Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 (15 U.S.C.
            4652(a)(4), 15 U.S.C. 4655(a)(4)), the activities under section
            9903(b) of such Act

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1379]]

            (15 U.S.C. 4653(b)), and the functions under 9906(c)(2) of such
            Act (15 U.S.C. 4656(c)(2)) --
                        (A) to purchase an equity security that is listed on
                    a national securities exchange of such person or any
                    parent company of such person; or
                        (B) to pay dividends or make other capital
                    distributions with respect to the common stock (or
                    equivalent interest) of the person.
                (2) <<NOTE: Definition.>>  Covered fund.--In this
            subsection, the term ``covered fund'' means--
                        (A) the Creating Helpful Incentives to Produce
                    Semiconductors (CHIPS) for America Fund;
                        (B) the Creating Helpful Incentives to Produce
                    Semiconductors (CHIPS) for America Defense Fund;
                        (C) the Creating Helpful Incentives to Produce
                    Semiconductors (CHIPS) for America International
                    Technology Security and Innovation Fund; and
                        (D) the Creating Helpful Incentives to Produce
                    Semiconductors (CHIPS) for America Workforce and
                    Education Fund.
    SEC. 103. SEMICONDUCTOR INCENTIVES.

        (a) Definitions.--Section 9901 of the William M. (Mac) Thornberry
    National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 (15 U.S.C. 4651)
    is amended--
                (1) in paragraph (2)--
                        (A) by striking ``a private entity, a consortium of
                    private entities, or a consortium of public and private
                    entities'' and inserting ``a nonprofit entity, a private
                    entity, a consortium of private entities, or a
                    consortium of nonprofit, public, and private entities'';
                        (B) by inserting ``production,'' before ``or
                    research and development''; and
                        (C) by striking ``of semiconductors.'' and inserting
                    ``of semiconductors, materials used to manufacture
                    semiconductors, or semiconductor manufacturing
                    equipment.'';
                (2) by redesignating paragraphs (5), (6), (7), (8), and (9)
            as paragraphs (6), (8), (9), (12), and (13), respectively;
                (3) by inserting after paragraph (4), the following:
                ``(5) The term `critical manufacturing industry'--
                        ``(A) means an industry, industry group, or a set of
                    related industries or related industry groups--
                              ``(i) assigned a North American Industry
                          Classification System code beginning with 31, 32,
                          or 33; and
                              ``(ii) for which the applicable industry group
                          or groups in the North American Industry
                          Classification System code cumulatively--
                                        ``(I) manufacture primary products
                                    and parts, the sum of which account for
                                    not less than 5 percent of the
                                    manufacturing value added by industry
                                    gross domestic product of the United
                                    States; and
                                        ``(II) employ individuals for
                                    primary products and parts manufacturing
                                    activities that, combined, account for
                                    not less than 5 percent of manufacturing
                                    employment in the United States; and
                        ``(B) may include any other manufacturing industry
                    designated by the Secretary based on the relevance of

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1380]]

                    the manufacturing industry to the national and economic
                    security of the United States, including the impacts of
                    job losses.''; and
                (4) by inserting after paragraph (6), as so redesignated,
            the following:
                ``(7) The term `foreign country of concern' means--
                        ``(A) a country that is a covered nation (as defined
                    in section 4872(d) of title 10 United States Code); and
                        ``(B) <<NOTE: Consultation. Determination.>>  any
                    country that the Secretary, in consultation with the
                    Secretary of Defense, the Secretary of State, and the
                    Director of National Intelligence, determines to be
                    engaged in conduct that is detrimental to the national
                    security or foreign policy of the United States.''; and
                (5) by inserting after paragraph (9), as so redesignated,
            the following:
                ``(10) The term `mature technology node' has the meaning
            given the term by the Secretary.
                ``(11) The term `nonprofit entity' means an entity described
            in section 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 and
            exempt from taxation under section 501(a) of such Code.''.

        (b) Semiconductor Program.--Section 9902 of the William M. (Mac)
    Thornberry National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 (15
    U.S.C. 4652) is amended--
                (1) in subsection (a)(1)--
                        (A) by striking ``for semiconductor fabrication''
                    and inserting ``for the fabrication'';
                        (B) by inserting ``production,'' before ``or
                    research and development''; and
                        (C) by striking the period at the end and inserting
                    ``of semiconductors, materials used to manufacture
                    semiconductors, or semiconductor manufacturing
                    equipment.''; and
                (2) in subsection (a)(2)--
                        (A) in subparagraph (B)(i), by striking ``; and'' at
                    the end;
                        (B) in subparagraph (B)(ii)--
                              (i) in subclause (III), by striking ``and'' at
                          the end;
                              (ii) in subclause (IV), by striking the period
                          at the end and inserting a semicolon; and
                              (iii) by adding at the end the following:
                                        ``(V) determined--
                                                ``(aa) the type of
                                            semiconductor technology,
                                            equipment, materials, or
                                            research and development the
                                            covered entity will produce at
                                            the facility described in clause
                                            (i); and
                                                ``(bb) the customers, or
                                            categories of customers, to
                                            which the covered entity plans
                                            to sell the semiconductor
                                            technology, equipment,
                                            materials, or research and
                                            development described in item
                                            (aa); and
                                        ``(VI) documented, to the extent
                                    practicable, workforce needs and
                                    developed a strategy to meet such
                                    workforce needs consistent with the
                                    commitments described in subclauses (II)
                                    and (III);''; and
                        (C) by inserting after subparagraph (B)(ii) the
                    following--

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1381]]

                              ``(iii) with respect to the project described
                          in clause (i), the covered entity has an
                          executable plan to identify and mitigate relevant
                          semiconductor supply chain security risks, such as
                          risks associated with access, availability,
                          confidentiality, integrity, and a lack of
                          geographic diversification in the covered entity's
                          supply chain; and
                              ``(iv) with respect to any project for the
                          production, assembly, or packaging of
                          semiconductors, the covered entity has implemented
                          policies and procedures to combat cloning,
                          counterfeiting, and relabeling of semiconductors,
                          as applicable.'';
                        (D) in subparagraph (C)--
                              (i) in clause (i)--
                                        (I) in subclause (II), by striking
                                    ``is in the interest of the United
                                    States'' and inserting ``is in the
                                    economic and national security interests
                                    of the United States''; and
                                        (II) in subclause (III), by striking
                                    ``and'' at the end;
                              (ii) in clause (ii)(IV), by striking ``and''
                          at the end;
                              (iii) by redesignating clause (iii) as clause
                          (v); and
                              (iv) by inserting after clause (ii) the
                          following:
                              ``(iii) the Secretary shall consider the type
                          of semiconductor technology produced by the
                          covered entity and whether that semiconductor
                          technology advances the economic and national
                          security interests of the United States;
                              ``(iv) the Secretary may not approve an
                          application, unless the covered entity provides a
                          plan that does not use Federal financial
                          assistance to assist efforts to physically
                          relocate existing facility infrastructure to
                          another jurisdiction within the United States,
                          unless the project is in the interest of the
                          United States; and'';
                        (E) by redesignating subparagraph (D) as
                    subparagraph (E); and
                        (F) by inserting after subparagraph (C) the
                    following:
                        ``(D) Priority.--In awarding Federal financial
                    assistance to covered entities under this subsection,
                    the Secretary shall--
                              ``(i) give priority to ensuring that a covered
                          entity receiving financial assistance will--
                                        ``(I) manufacture semiconductors
                                    necessary to address gaps and
                                    vulnerabilities in the domestic supply
                                    chain across a diverse range of
                                    technology and process nodes; and
                                        ``(II) provide a secure supply of
                                    semiconductors necessary for the
                                    national security, manufacturing,
                                    critical infrastructure, and technology
                                    leadership of the United States and
                                    other essential elements of the economy
                                    of the United States; and
                              ``(ii) ensure that the assistance is awarded
                          to covered entities for both advanced and mature
                          technology nodes to meet the priorities described
                          in clause (i).'';
                (3) in subsection (a)(4)(A), by striking ``used for
            semiconductors'' and inserting ``used for the purposes'';

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1382]]

                (4) in subsection (a)(5)--
                        (A) in subparagraph (A), by striking ``major'';
                        (B) in subparagraph (D), by striking ``major''; and
                        (C) in subparagraph (E)(i), by striking ``major'';
                (5) by inserting after subsection (a)(5) the following:
                ``(6) Expansion clawback.--
                        ``(A) Definition of legacy semiconductor.--

                          ``(i) <<NOTE: Determinations. Consultations.>>  In
                          general.--In this paragraph, the term `legacy
                          semiconductor'--
                                        ``(I) includes--
                                                ``(aa) a semiconductor
                                            technology that is of the 28
                                            nanometer generation or older
                                            for logic;
                                                ``(bb) with respect to
                                            memory technology, analog
                                            technology, packaging
                                            technology, and any other
                                            relevant technology, any legacy
                                            generation of semiconductor
                                            technology relative to the
                                            generation described in item
                                            (aa), as determined by the
                                            Secretary, in consultation with
                                            the Secretary of Defense and the
                                            Director of National
                                            Intelligence; and
                                                ``(cc) any additional
                                            semiconductor technology
                                            identified by the Secretary in a
                                            public notice issued under
                                            clause (ii); and
                                        ``(II) does not include a
                                    semiconductor that is critical to
                                    national security, as determined by the
                                    Secretary, in consultation with the
                                    Secretary of Defense and the Director of
                                    National Intelligence.
                              ``(ii) <<NOTE: Deadline. Time periods. Public
                          comment. Notice.>>  Updates.--Not later than 2
                          years after the date of enactment of the CHIPS Act
                          of 2022, and not less frequently than once every 2
                          years thereafter for the 8-year period after the
                          last award under this section is made, the
                          Secretary, after public notice and an opportunity
                          for comment and if applicable and necessary, shall
                          issue a public notice identifying any additional
                          semiconductor technology included in the meaning
                          of the term `legacy semiconductor' under clause
                          (i).
                              ``(iii) Functions of the secretary.--The
                          functions of the Secretary under this paragraph
                          shall not be subject to sections 551, 553 through
                          559, and 701 through 706 of title 5, United States
                          Code.
                              ``(iv) Consultation.--In carrying out clause
                          (ii), the Secretary shall consult with the
                          Director of National Intelligence and the
                          Secretary of Defense.
                              ``(v) Considerations.--In carrying out clause
                          (ii), the Secretary shall consider--
                                        ``(I) state-of-the-art semiconductor
                                    technologies in the United States and
                                    internationally, including in foreign
                                    countries of concern; and
                                        ``(II) consistency with export
                                    controls relating to semiconductors.
                        ``(B) Definition of semiconductor manufacturing.--In
                    this paragraph, the term `semiconductor manufacturing'--

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1383]]

                              ``(i) <<NOTE: Consultation.>>  has the meaning
                          given the term by the Secretary, in consultation
                          with the Secretary of Defense and the Director of
                          National Intelligence; and
                              ``(ii) includes front-end semiconductor
                          fabrication.
                        ``(C) Required agreement.--
                              ``(i) <<NOTE: Time period. China.>>  In
                          general.--On or before the date on which the
                          Secretary awards Federal financial assistance to a
                          covered entity under this section, the covered
                          entity shall enter into an agreement with the
                          Secretary specifying that, during the 10-year
                          period beginning on the date of the award, subject
                          to clause (ii), the covered entity may not engage
                          in any significant transaction, as defined in the
                          agreement, involving the material expansion of
                          semiconductor manufacturing capacity in the
                          People's Republic of China or any other foreign
                          country of concern.
                              ``(ii) Exceptions.--The prohibition in the
                          agreement required under clause (i) shall not
                          apply to--
                                        ``(I) existing facilities or
                                    equipment of a covered entity for
                                    manufacturing legacy semiconductors; or
                                        ``(II) significant transactions
                                    involving the material expansion of
                                    semiconductor manufacturing capacity
                                    that--
                                                ``(aa) produces legacy
                                            semiconductors; and
                                                ``(bb) predominately serves
                                            the market of a foreign country
                                            of concern.
                              ``(iii) Affiliated group.--For the purpose of
                          applying the requirements in an agreement required
                          under clause (i), a covered entity shall include
                          the covered entity receiving financial assistance
                          under this section, as well as any member of the
                          covered entity's affiliated group under section
                          1504(a) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986,
                          without regard to section 1504(b)(3) of such Code.
                        ``(D) <<NOTE: China.>>  Notification requirements.--
                    During the applicable term of the agreement of a covered
                    entity required under subparagraph (C)(i), the covered
                    entity shall notify the Secretary of any planned
                    significant transactions of the covered entity involving
                    the material expansion of semiconductor manufacturing
                    capacity in the People's Republic of China or any other
                    foreign country of concern.
                        ``(E) Violation of agreement.--
                              ``(i) <<NOTE: Deadline. Consultation.>>
                          Notification to covered entities.--Not later than
                          90 days after the date of receipt of a
                          notification described in subparagraph (D) from a
                          covered entity, the Secretary, in consultation
                          with the Secretary of Defense and the Director of
                          National Intelligence, shall--
                                        ``(I) <<NOTE: Determination.>>
                                    determine whether the significant
                                    transaction described in the
                                    notification would be a violation of the
                                    agreement of the covered entity required
                                    under subparagraph (C)(i); and
                                        ``(II) notify the covered entity of
                                    the Secretary's decision under subclause
                                    (I).
                              ``(ii) Opportunity to remedy.--Upon a
                          notification under clause (i)(II) that a planned
                          significant

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1384]]

                          transaction of a covered entity is a violation of
                          the agreement of the covered entity required under
                          subparagraph (C)(i), the Secretary shall--
                                        ``(I) immediately request from the
                                    covered entity tangible proof that the
                                    planned significant transaction has
                                    ceased or been abandoned; and
                                        ``(II) <<NOTE: Time period.>>
                                    provide the covered entity 45 days to
                                    produce and provide to the Secretary the
                                    tangible proof described in subclause
                                    (I).
                              ``(iii) Failure by the covered entity to cease
                          or remedy the activity.--Subject to clause (iv),
                          if a covered entity fails to remedy a violation as
                          set forth under clause (ii), the Secretary shall
                          recover the full amount of the Federal financial
                          assistance provided to the covered entity under
                          this section.
                              ``(iv) <<NOTE: Consultation. Determination.>>
                          Mitigation.--If the Secretary, in consultation
                          with the Secretary of Defense and the Director of
                          National Intelligence, determines that a covered
                          entity planning a significant transaction that
                          would violate the agreement required under
                          subparagraph (C)(i) could take measures in
                          connection with the transaction to mitigate any
                          risk to national security, the Secretary--
                                        ``(I) may negotiate, enter into, and
                                    enforce any agreement or condition for
                                    the mitigation; and,
                                        ``(II) <<NOTE: Waiver authority.>>
                                    waive the recovery requirement under
                                    clause (iii).
                        ``(F) Submission of records.--
                              ``(i) <<NOTE: Review. Compliance.>>  In
                          general.--The Secretary may request from a covered
                          entity records and other necessary information to
                          review the compliance of the covered entity with
                          the agreement required under subparagraph (C)(i).
                              ``(ii) Eligibility.--In order to be eligible
                          for Federal financial assistance under this
                          section, a covered entity shall agree to provide
                          records and other necessary information requested
                          by the Secretary under clause (i).
                        ``(G) Confidentiality of records.--
                              ``(i) In general.--Subject to clause (ii), any
                          information derived from records or necessary
                          information disclosed by a covered entity to the
                          Secretary under this section--
                                        ``(I) shall be exempt from
                                    disclosure under section 552(b)(3) of
                                    title 5, United States Code; and
                                        ``(II) shall not be made public.
                              ``(ii) Exceptions.--Clause (i) shall not
                          prevent the disclosure of any of the following by
                          the Secretary:
                                        ``(I) Information relevant to any
                                    administrative or judicial action or
                                    proceeding.
                                        ``(II) Information that a covered
                                    entity has consented to be disclosed to
                                    third parties.
                                        ``(III) Information necessary to
                                    fulfill the requirement of the
                                    congressional notification under
                                    subparagraph (H).
                        ``(H) <<NOTE: Deadline.>>  Congressional
                    notification.--Not later than 60 days after the date on
                    which the Secretary finds a violation

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1385]]

                    by a covered entity of an agreement required under
                    subparagraph (C)(i), and after providing the covered
                    entity with an opportunity to provide information in
                    response to that finding, the Secretary shall provide to
                    the appropriate Committees of Congress--
                              ``(i) a notification of the violation;
                              ``(ii) a brief description of how the
                          Secretary determined the covered entity to be in
                          violation; and
                              ``(iii) <<NOTE: Summary.>>  a summary of any
                          actions or planned actions by the Secretary in
                          response to the violation.
                        ``(I) Regulations.--The Secretary may issue
                    regulations implementing this paragraph.''; and
                (6) by adding at the end the following:

        ``(d) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that, in
    carrying out subsection (a), the Secretary should allocate funds in a
    manner that--
                ``(1) strengthens the security and resilience of the
            semiconductor supply chain, including by mitigating gaps and
            vulnerabilities;
                ``(2) provides a supply of secure semiconductors relevant
            for national security;
                ``(3) strengthens the leadership of the United States in
            semiconductor technology;
                ``(4) grows the economy of the United States and supports
            job creation in the United States;
                ``(5) bolsters the semiconductor and skilled technical
            workforces in the United States;
                ``(6) promotes the inclusion of economically disadvantaged
            individuals and small businesses; and
                ``(7) improves the resiliency of the semiconductor supply
            chains of critical manufacturing industries.

        ``(e) Additional Assistance for Mature Technology Nodes.--
                ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall establish within the
            program established under subsection (a) an additional program
            that provides Federal financial assistance to covered entities
            to incentivize investment in facilities and equipment in the
            United States for the fabrication, assembly, testing, or
            packaging of semiconductors at mature technology nodes.
                ``(2) Eligibility and requirements.--In order for an entity
            to qualify to receive Federal financial assistance under this
            subsection, the covered entity shall agree to--
                        ``(A) submit an application under subsection
                    (a)(2)(A);
                        ``(B) meet the eligibility requirements under
                    subsection (a)(2)(B);
                        ``(C)(i) provide equipment or materials for the
                    fabrication, assembly, testing, or packaging of
                    semiconductors at mature technology nodes in the United
                    States; or
                        ``(ii) fabricate, assemble using packaging, or test
                    semiconductors at mature technology nodes in the United
                    States;
                        ``(D) commit to using any Federal financial
                    assistance received under this section to increase the
                    production of semiconductors at mature technology nodes;
                    and
                        ``(E) be subject to the considerations described in
                    subsection (a)(2)(C).

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1386]]

                ``(3) Procedures.--In granting Federal financial assistance
            to covered entities under this subsection, the Secretary may use
            the procedures established under subsection (a).
                ``(4) Considerations.--In addition to the considerations
            described in subsection (a)(2)(C), in granting Federal financial
            assistance under this subsection, the Secretary may consider
            whether a covered entity produces or supplies equipment or
            materials used in the fabrication, assembly, testing, or
            packaging of semiconductors at mature technology nodes that are
            necessary to support a critical manufacturing industry.
                ``(5) Priority.--In awarding Federal financial assistance to
            covered entities under this subsection, the Secretary shall give
            priority to covered entities that support the resiliency of
            semiconductor supply chains for critical manufacturing
            industries in the United States.
                ``(6) Authorization of appropriations.--There are authorized
            to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out this subsection
            $2,000,000,000, which shall remain available until expended.

        ``(f) <<NOTE: Applicability.>>  Construction Projects.--Section 602
    of the Public Works and Economic Development Act of 1965 (42 U.S.C.
    3212) shall apply to a construction project that receives financial
    assistance from the Secretary under this section.

        ``(g) Loans and Loan Guarantees.--
                ``(1) In general.--Subject to the requirements of subsection
            (a) and this subsection, the Secretary may make or guarantee
            loans to covered entities as financial assistance under this
            section.
                ``(2) <<NOTE: Determination.>>  Conditions.--The Secretary
            may select eligible projects to receive loans or loan guarantees
            under this subsection if the Secretary determines that--
                        ``(A) the covered entity--
                              ``(i) has a reasonable prospect of repaying
                          the principal and interest on the loan; and
                              ``(ii) has met such other criteria as may be
                          established and published by the Secretary; and
                        ``(B) the amount of the loan (when combined with
                    amounts available to the loan recipient from other
                    sources) will be sufficient to carry out the project.
                ``(3) <<NOTE: Evaluations.>>  Reasonable prospect of
            repayment.--The Secretary shall base a determination of whether
            there is a reasonable prospect of repayment of the principal and
            interest on a loan under paragraph (2)(A)(i) on a comprehensive
            evaluation of whether the covered entity has a reasonable
            prospect of repaying the principal and interest, including, as
            applicable, an evaluation of--
                        ``(A) the strength of the contractual terms of the
                    project the covered entity plans to perform (if
                    commercially reasonably available);
                        ``(B) the forecast of noncontractual cash flows
                    supported by market projections from reputable sources,
                    as determined by the Secretary;
                        ``(C) cash sweeps and other structure enhancements;
                        ``(D) the projected financial strength of the
                    covered entity--
                              ``(i) at the time of loan close; and

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1387]]

                              ``(ii) throughout the loan term after the
                          project is completed;
                        ``(E) the financial strength of the investors and
                    strategic partners of the covered entity, if applicable;
                        ``(F) other financial metrics and analyses that the
                    private lending community and nationally recognized
                    credit rating agencies rely on, as determined
                    appropriate by the Secretary; and
                        ``(G) such other criteria the Secretary may
                    determine relevant.
                ``(4) Rates, terms, and repayments of loans.--A loan
            provided under this subsection--
                        ``(A) shall have an interest rate that does not
                    exceed a level that the Secretary determines
                    appropriate, taking into account, as of the date on
                    which the loan is made, the cost of funds to the
                    Department of the Treasury for obligations of comparable
                    maturity; and
                        ``(B) <<NOTE: Time period.>>  shall have a term of
                    not more than 25 years.
                ``(5) Additional terms.--A loan or guarantee provided under
            this subsection may include any other terms and conditions that
            the Secretary determines to be appropriate.
                ``(6) <<NOTE: Determination.>>  Responsible lender.--No loan
            may be guaranteed under this subsection, unless the Secretary
            determines that--
                        ``(A) the lender is responsible; and
                        ``(B) adequate provision is made for servicing the
                    loan on reasonable terms and protecting the financial
                    interest of the United States.
                ``(7) Advanced budget authority.--New loans may not be
            obligated and new loan guarantees may not be committed to under
            this subsection, unless appropriations of budget authority to
            cover the costs of such loans and loan guarantees are made in
            advance in accordance with section 504(b) of the Federal Credit
            Reform Act of 1990 (2 U.S.C. 661c(b)).
                ``(8) Continued oversight.--The loan agreement for a loan
            guaranteed under this subsection shall provide that no provision
            of the loan agreement may be amended of waived without the
            consent of the Secretary.

        ``(h) <<NOTE: Deadline. Audit. Assessments.>>  Oversight.--Not later
    than 4 years after disbursement of the first financial award under
    subsection (a), the Inspector General of the Department of Commerce
    shall audit the program under this section to assess--
                ``(1) whether the eligibility requirements for covered
            entities receiving financial assistance under the program are
            met;
                ``(2) whether eligible entities use the financial assistance
            received under the program in accordance with the requirements
            of this section;
                ``(3) whether the covered entities receiving financial
            assistance under this program have carried out the commitments
            made to worker and community investment under subsection
            (a)(2)(B)(ii)(II) by the target date for completion set by the
            Secretary under subsection (a)(5)(A);
                ``(4) whether the required agreement entered into by covered
            entities and the Secretary under subsection (a)(6)(C)(i),
            including the notification process, has been carried out to
            provide covered entities sufficient guidance about a violation
            of the required agreement;

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1388]]

                ``(5) whether the Secretary has provided timely
            Congressional notification about violations of the required
            agreement under subsection (a)(6)(C)(i), including the required
            information on how the Secretary reached a determination of
            whether a covered entity was in violation under subsection
            (a)(6)(E); and
                ``(6) whether the Secretary has sufficiently reviewed any
            covered entity engaging in a listed exception under subsection
            (a)(6)(C)(ii).

        ``(i) Prohibition on Use of Funds.--No funds made available under
    this section may be used to construct, modify, or improve a facility
    outside of the United States.''.
        (c) Advanced Microelectronics Research and Development.--Section
    9906 of the William M. (Mac) Thornberry National Defense Authorization
    Act for Fiscal Year 2021 (15 U.S.C. 4656) is amended--
                (1) in subsection (a)(3)(A)(ii)--
                        (A) in subclause (II), by inserting ``, including
                    for technologies based on organic and inorganic
                    materials'' after ``components''; and
                        (B) in subclause (V), by striking ``and supply chain
                    integrity'' and inserting ``supply chain integrity, and
                    workforce development'';
                (2) in subsection (c)--
                        (A) in paragraph (1)--
                              (i) by inserting ``and grow the domestic
                          semiconductor workforce'' after ``prototyping of
                          advanced semiconductor technology''; and
                              (ii) by adding at the end the following: ``The
                          Secretary may make financial assistance awards,
                          including construction awards, in support of the
                          national semiconductor technology center.''; and
                        (B) in paragraph (2)--
                              (i) in subparagraph (B), by inserting ``and
                          capitalize'' before ``an investment fund''; and
                              (ii) by striking subparagraph (C) and
                          inserting the following:
                        ``(C) To work with the Secretary of Labor, the
                    Director of the National Science Foundation, the
                    Secretary of Energy, the private sector, institutions of
                    higher education, and workforce training entities to
                    incentivize and expand geographically diverse
                    participation in graduate, undergraduate, and community
                    college programs relevant to microelectronics, including
                    through--
                              ``(i) the development and dissemination of
                          curricula and research training experiences; and
                              ``(ii) the development of workforce training
                          programs and apprenticeships in advanced
                          microelectronic design, research, fabrication, and
                          packaging capabilities.'';
                (3) in subsection (d)--
                        (A) by striking ``the Manufacturing USA institute''
                    and inserting ``a Manufacturing USA institute''; and
                        (B) by adding at the end the following: ``The
                    Director may make financial assistance awards, including
                    construction awards, in support of the National Advanced
                    Packaging Manufacturing Program.'';
                (4) in subsection (f)--

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1389]]

                        (A) in the matter preceding paragraph (1)--
                              (i) by striking ``a Manufacturing USA
                          Institute'' and inserting ``not more than 3
                          Manufacturing USA Institutes'';
                              (ii) by striking ``is focused on semiconductor
                          manufacturing.'' and inserting ``are focused on
                          semiconductor manufacturing. The Secretary of
                          Commerce may award financial assistance to any
                          Manufacturing USA Institute for work relating to
                          semiconductor manufacturing.''; and
                              (iii) by striking ``Such institute may
                          emphasize'' and inserting ``Such institutes may
                          emphasize''; and
                (5) by adding at the end the following:

        ``(h) <<NOTE: Applicability.>>  Construction Projects.--Section 602
    of the Public Works and Economic Development Act of 1965 (42 U.S.C.
    3212) shall apply to a construction project that receives financial
    assistance under this section.''.

        (d) Additional Authorities.--Division H of title XCIX of the William
    M. (Mac) Thornberry National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year
    2021 (15 U.S.C. 4651 et seq.) is amended by adding at the end the
    following:
    ``SEC. 9909. <<NOTE: 15 USC 4659.>>  ADDITIONAL AUTHORITIES.

        ``(a) In General.--In carrying out the responsibilities of the
    Department of Commerce under this division, the Secretary may--
                ``(1) <<NOTE: Contracts. Grants.>>  enter into agreements,
            including contracts, grants and cooperative agreements, and
            other transactions as may be necessary and on such terms as the
            Secretary considers appropriate;
                ``(2) <<NOTE: Payments.>>  make advance payments under
            agreements and other transactions authorized under paragraph (1)
            without regard to section 3324 of title 31, United States Code;
                ``(3) <<NOTE: Requirement.>>  require a person or other
            entity to make payments to the Department of Commerce upon
            application and as a condition for receiving support through an
            award of assistance or other transaction;
                ``(4) <<NOTE: Contracts.>>  procure temporary and
            intermittent services of experts and consultants in accordance
            with section 3109 of title 5, United States Code;
                ``(5) <<NOTE: Determinations. Appointments.>>
            notwithstanding section 3104 of title 5, United States Code, or
            the provisions of any other law relating to the appointment,
            number, classification, or compensation of employees, make
            appointments of scientific, engineering, and professional
            personnel, and fix the basic pay of such personnel at a rate to
            be determined by the Secretary at rates not in excess of the
            highest total annual compensation payable at the rate determined
            under section 104 of title 3, United States Code, except that
            the Secretary shall appoint not more than 25 personnel under
            this paragraph;
                ``(6) <<NOTE: Contracts.>>  with the consent of another
            Federal agency, enter into an agreement with that Federal agency
            to use, with or without reimbursement, any service, equipment,
            personnel, or facility of that Federal agency; and
                ``(7) establish such rules, regulations, and procedures as
            the Secretary considers appropriate.

        ``(b) Requirement.--Any funds received from a payment made by a
    person or entity pursuant to subsection (a)(3) shall be credited

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1390]]

    to and merged with the account from which support to the person or
    entity was made''.
        (e) Conforming Amendment.--The table of contents for division H of
    title XCIX of the William M. (Mac) Thornberry National Defense
    Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 (Public Law 116-283) is
    amended <<NOTE: 134 Stat. 4843.>>  by adding after the item relating to
    section 9908 the following:

    ``9909. Additional authorities.''.

    SEC. 104. <<NOTE: 15 USC 4652 note. Deadline.>>  OPPORTUNITY AND
                            INCLUSION.

        (a) Establishment.--Not later than 180 days after the date of
    enactment of this Act, the Secretary of Commerce shall establish
    activities in the Department of Commerce, within the program established
    under section 9902 of the William M. (Mac) Thornberry National Defense
    Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 (15 U.S.C. 4652), to carry out
    this section using funds appropriated under this Act.
        (b) <<NOTE: Coordination.>>  In General.--The Secretary of Commerce
    shall assign personnel to lead and support the activities carried out
    under this section, including coordination with other workforce
    development activities of the Department of Commerce or of Federal
    agencies, as defined in section 551 of title 5, United States Code, as
    appropriate.

        (c) Activities.--Personnel assigned by the Secretary to carry out
    the activities under this section shall--
                (1) <<NOTE: Assessment.>>  assess the eligibility of a
            covered entity, as defined in section 9901 of the William M.
            (Mac) Thornberry National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal
            Year 2021 (15 U.S.C. 4651), for financial assistance for a
            project with respect to the requirements under subclauses (II)
            and (III) of section 9902(a)(2)(B)(ii) of the William M. (Mac)
            Thornberry National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year
            2021 (15 U.S.C. 4652(a)(2)(B)(ii)(II) and (III));
                (2) ensure that each covered entity, as defined in section
            9901 of the William M. (Mac) Thornberry National Defense
            Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 (15 U.S.C. 4651),that is
            awarded financial assistance under section 9902 of that Act (15
            U.S.C. 4652) is carrying out the commitments of the covered
            entity to economically disadvantaged individuals as described in
            the application of the covered entity under that section by the
            target dates for completion established by the Secretary of
            Commerce under subsection(a)(5)(A) of that section; and
                (3) increase participation of and outreach to economically
            disadvantaged individuals, minority-owned businesses, veteran-
            owned businesses, and women-owned businesses, as defined by the
            Secretary of Commerce, respectively, in the geographic area of a
            project under section 9902 of the William M. (Mac) Thornberry
            National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 (15
            U.S.C. 4652) and serve as a resource for those individuals,
            businesses, and covered entities.

        (d) Staff.--The activities under this section shall be staffed at
    the appropriate levels to carry out the functions and responsibilities
    under this section until 95 percent of the amounts of funds made
    available for the program established under section 9902 of the William
    M. (Mac) Thornberry National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year
    2021 (15 U.S.C. 4652) have been expended.

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1391]]

        (e) <<NOTE: Effective date. Public information. Web posting.>>
    Report.--Beginning on the date that is 1 year after the date on which
    the Secretary of Commerce establishes the activities described in
    subsection (c), the Secretary of Commerce shall submit to the
    appropriate committees of Congress, as defined in section 9901(1) of the
    William M. (Mac) Thornberry National Defense Authorization Act for
    Fiscal Year 2021 (15 U.S.C. 4651), and make publicly available on the
    website of the Department of Commerce an annual report regarding the
    actions taken by the Department of Commerce under this section.
    SEC. 105. ADDITIONAL GAO REPORTING REQUIREMENTS.

        (a) NDAA.--Section 9902(c) of William M. (Mac) Thornberry National
    Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 (15 U.S.C. 4652(c)) is
    amended--
                (1) in paragraph (1)--
                        (A) in subparagraph (B)--
                              (i) in clause (i), by striking ``; and'' and
                          inserting a semicolon; and
                              (ii) by adding at the end the following:
                              ``(iii) the Federal Government could take
                          specific actions to address shortages in the
                          semiconductor supply chain, including--
                                        ``(I) demand-side incentives,
                                    including incentives related to the
                                    information and communications
                                    technology supply chain; and
                                        ``(II) additional incentives, at
                                    national and global scales, to
                                    accelerate utilization of leading-edge
                                    semiconductor nodes to address shortages
                                    in mature semiconductor nodes; and'';
                                    and
                        (B) in subparagraph (C)--
                              (i) in clause (iii), by striking ``; and'' and
                          inserting a semicolon; and
                              (ii) by inserting after clause (iv) the
                          following:
                              ``(v) how projects are supporting the
                          semiconductor needs of critical infrastructure
                          industries in the United States, including those
                          industries designated by the Cybersecurity and
                          Infrastructure Security Agency as essential
                          infrastructure industries; and''; and
                (2) by inserting after paragraph (1)(C)(iv) the following:
                        ``(D) drawing on data made available by the
                    Department of Labor or other sources, to the extent
                    practicable, an analysis of--
                              ``(i) semiconductor industry data regarding
                          businesses that are--
                                        ``(I) majority owned and controlled
                                    by minority individuals;
                                        ``(II) majority owned and controlled
                                    by women; or
                                        ``(III) majority owned and
                                    controlled by both women and minority
                                    individuals;
                              ``(ii) the number and amount of contracts and
                          subcontracts awarded by each covered entity using
                          funds made available under subsection (a)
                          disaggregated by recipients of each such contract
                          or subcontracts that are majority owned and
                          controlled by minority individuals and majority
                          owned and controlled by women; and

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1392]]

                              ``(iii) aggregated workforce data, including
                          data by race or ethnicity, sex, and job
                          categories.''.

        (b) Department of Defense.--Section 9202(a)(1)(G)(ii)(I) of the
    William M. (Mac) Thornberry National Defense Authorization Act for
    Fiscal Year 2021 (47 U.S.C. 906(a)(1)(G)(ii)(I)) is amended by inserting
    ``(including whether recipients are majority owned and controlled by
    minority individuals and majority owned and controlled by women)'' after
    ``to whom''.
    SEC. 106. APPROPRIATIONS FOR WIRELESS SUPPLY CHAIN INNOVATION.

        (a) Direct Appropriations.--In addition to amounts otherwise
    available for such purposes, there is appropriated to the Public
    Wireless Supply Chain Innovation Fund established under section
    9202(a)(1) of the William M. (Mac) Thornberry National Defense
    Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 (15 U.S.C. 4652(a)(1)), out of
    amounts in the Treasury not otherwise appropriated--
                (1) $150,000,000 for fiscal year 2022, to remain available
            until September 30, 2031; and
                (2) $1,350,000,000 for fiscal year 2023, to remain available
            until September 30, 2032.

        (b) Use of Funds, Administration, and Oversight.--Of the amounts
    made available under subsection (a)--
                (1) not more than 5 percent of the amounts allocated
            pursuant to subsection (c) in a given fiscal year may be used by
            the Assistant Secretary of Commerce for Communications and
            Information to administer the programs funded from the Public
            Wireless Supply Chain Innovation Fund; and
                (2) <<NOTE: Transfer authority.>>  not less than $2,000,000
            per fiscal year shall be transferred to the Office of Inspector
            General of the Department of Commerce for oversight related to
            activities conducted using amounts provided under this section.

        (c) Allocation Authority.--
                (1) <<NOTE: President. Time periods.>>  Submission of cost
            estimates.--The President shall submit to Congress detailed
            account, program, and project allocations of the amount
            recommended for allocation in a fiscal year from amounts made
            available under subsection (a)--
                        (A) <<NOTE: Deadline.>>  for fiscal years 2022 and
                    2023, not later than 60 days after the date of enactment
                    of this Act; and
                        (B) for each subsequent fiscal year through 2032, as
                    part of the annual budget submission of the President
                    under section 1105(a) of title 31, United States Code.
                (2) Alternate allocation.--
                        (A) In general.--The Committees on Appropriations of
                    the House of Representatives and the Senate may provide
                    for alternate allocation of amounts recommended for
                    allocation in a given fiscal year from amounts made
                    available under subsection (a), including by account,
                    program, and project.
                        (B) Allocation by president.--
                              (i) No alternate allocations.--If Congress has
                          not enacted legislation establishing alternate
                          allocations, including by account, program, and
                          project, by the date on which the Act making full-
                          year appropriations for the Departments of
                          Commerce and Justice, Science, and Related
                          Agencies for the applicable fiscal

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1393]]

                          year is enacted into law, only then shall amounts
                          recommended for allocation for that fiscal year
                          from amounts made available under subsection (a)
                          be allocated by the President or apportioned or
                          allotted by account, program, and project pursuant
                          to title 31, United States Code.
                              (ii) Insufficient alternate allocation.--If
                          Congress enacts legislation establishing alternate
                          allocations, including by account, program, and
                          project, for amounts recommended for allocation in
                          a given fiscal year from amounts made available
                          under subsection (a) that are less than the full
                          amount recommended for allocation for that fiscal
                          year, the difference between the amount
                          recommended for allocation and the alternate
                          allocation shall be allocated by the President and
                          apportioned and allotted by account, program, and
                          project pursuant to title 31, United States Code.

        (d) Sequestration.--Section 255(g)(1)(A) of the Balanced Budget and
    Emergency Deficit Control Act of 1985 (2 U.S.C. 905(g)(1)(A)) is amended
    by inserting after ``Postal Service Fund (18-4020-0-3-372).'' the
    following:
                              ``Public Wireless Supply Chain Innovation
                          Fund.''.

        (e) Budgetary Effects.--
                (1) Statutory paygo scorecards.--The budgetary effects of
            this section shall not be entered on either PAYGO scorecard
            maintained pursuant to section 4(d) of the Statutory Pay-As-You-
            Go Act of 2010.
                (2) Senate paygo scorecards.--The budgetary effects of this
            section shall not be entered on any PAYGO scorecard maintained
            for purposes of section 4106 of H. Con. Res. 71 (115th
            Congress).
                (3) Classification of budgetary effects.--Notwithstanding
            Rule 3 of the Budget Scorekeeping Guidelines set forth in the
            joint explanatory statement of the committee of conference
            accompanying Conference Report 105-217 and section 250(c)(8) of
            the Balanced Budget and Emergency Deficit Control Act of 1985,
            the budgetary effects of this section shall not be estimated--
                        (A) for purposes of section 251 of such Act;
                        (B) for purposes of an allocation to the Committee
                    on Appropriations pursuant to section 302(a) of the
                    Congressional Budget Act of 1974; and
                        (C) for purposes of paragraph (4)(C) of section 3 of
                    the Statutory Pay-As-You-Go Act of 2010 as being
                    included in an appropriation Act.
    SEC. 107. ADVANCED MANUFACTURING INVESTMENT CREDIT.

        (a) In General.--Subpart E of part IV of subchapter A of chapter 1
    of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 is amended by inserting after
    section 48C the following new section:
    ``SEC. 48D. <<NOTE: 26 USC 48D.>>  ADVANCED MANUFACTURING
                            INVESTMENT CREDIT.

        ``(a) Establishment of Credit.--For purposes of section 46, the
    advanced manufacturing investment credit for any taxable year is an
    amount equal to 25 percent of the qualified investment for such taxable
    year with respect to any advanced manufacturing facility of an eligible
    taxpayer.
        ``(b) Qualified Investment.--

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1394]]

                ``(1) In general.--For purposes of subsection (a), the
            qualified investment with respect to any advanced manufacturing
            facility for any taxable year is the basis of any qualified
            property placed in service by the taxpayer during such taxable
            year which is part of an advanced manufacturing facility.
                ``(2) <<NOTE: Definitions.>>  Qualified property.--
                        ``(A) In general.--For purposes of this subsection,
                    the term `qualified property' means property--
                              ``(i) which is tangible property,
                              ``(ii) with respect to which depreciation (or
                          amortization in lieu of depreciation) is
                          allowable,
                              ``(iii) which is--
                                        ``(I) constructed, reconstructed, or
                                    erected by the taxpayer, or
                                        ``(II) acquired by the taxpayer if
                                    the original use of such property
                                    commences with the taxpayer, and
                              ``(iv) which is integral to the operation of
                          the advanced manufacturing facility.
                        ``(B) Buildings and structural components.--
                              ``(i) In general.--The term `qualified
                          property' includes any building or its structural
                          components which otherwise satisfy the
                          requirements under subparagraph (A).
                              ``(ii) Exception.--Clause (i) shall not apply
                          with respect to a building or portion of a
                          building used for offices, administrative
                          services, or other functions unrelated to
                          manufacturing.
                ``(3) <<NOTE: Definition.>>  Advanced manufacturing
            facility.--For purposes of this section, the term `advanced
            manufacturing facility' means a facility for which the primary
            purpose is the manufacturing of semiconductors or semiconductor
            manufacturing equipment.
                ``(4) Coordination with rehabilitation credit.--The
            qualified investment with respect to any advanced manufacturing
            facility for any taxable year shall not include that portion of
            the basis of any property which is attributable to qualified
            rehabilitation expenditures (as defined in section 47(c)(2)).
                ``(5) Certain progress expenditure rules made applicable.--
            Rules similar to the rules of subsections (c)(4) and (d) of
            section 46 (as in effect on the day before the date of the
            enactment of the Revenue Reconciliation Act of 1990) shall apply
            for purposes of subsection (a).

        ``(c) <<NOTE: Definition.>>  Eligible Taxpayer.--For purposes of
    this section, the term `eligible taxpayer' means any taxpayer which--
                ``(1) is not a foreign entity of concern (as defined in
            section 9901(6) of the William M. (Mac) Thornberry National
            Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021), and
                ``(2) has not made an applicable transaction (as defined in
            section 50(a)) during the taxable year.

        ``(d) Elective Payment.--
                ``(1) In general.--Except as otherwise provided in paragraph
            (2)(A), in the case of a taxpayer making an election (at such
            time and in such manner as the Secretary may provide) under this
            subsection with respect to the credit determined under
            subsection (a) with respect to such taxpayer, such taxpayer
            shall be treated as making a payment against the tax

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1395]]

            imposed by subtitle A (for the taxable year with respect to
            which such credit was determined) equal to the amount of such
            credit.
                ``(2) Special rules.--For purposes of this subsection--
                        ``(A) Application to partnerships and s
                    corporations.--
                              ``(i) In general.--In the case of the credit
                          determined under subsection (a) with respect to
                          any property held directly by a partnership or S
                          corporation, any election under paragraph (1)
                          shall be made by such partnership or S
                          corporation. If such partnership or S corporation
                          makes an election under such paragraph (in such
                          manner as the Secretary may provide) with respect
                          to such credit--
                                        ``(I) <<NOTE: Payment.>>  the
                                    Secretary shall make a payment to such
                                    partnership or S corporation equal to
                                    the amount of such credit,
                                        ``(II) <<NOTE: Applicability.>>
                                    paragraph (3) shall be applied with
                                    respect to such credit before
                                    determining any partner's distributive
                                    share, or shareholder's pro rata share,
                                    of such credit,
                                        ``(III) any amount with respect to
                                    which the election in paragraph (1) is
                                    made shall be treated as tax exempt
                                    income for purposes of sections 705 and
                                    1366, and
                                        ``(IV) a partner's distributive
                                    share of such tax exempt income shall be
                                    based on such partner's distributive
                                    share of the otherwise applicable credit
                                    for each taxable year.
                              ``(ii) Coordination with application at
                          partner or shareholder level.--In the case of any
                          property held directly by a partnership or S
                          corporation, no election by any partner or
                          shareholder shall be allowed under paragraph (1)
                          with respect to any credit determined under
                          subsection (a) with respect to such property.
                        ``(B) <<NOTE: Deadline. Time period.>>  Elections.--
                    Any election under paragraph (1) shall be made not later
                    than the due date (including extensions of time) for the
                    return of tax for the taxable year for which the
                    election is made, but in no event earlier than 270 days
                    after the date of the enactment of this section. Any
                    such election, once made, shall be irrevocable. Except
                    as otherwise provided <<NOTE: Applicability.>>  in this
                    subparagraph, any election under paragraph (1) shall
                    apply with respect to any credit for the taxable year
                    for which the election is made.
                        ``(C) Timing.--The payment described in paragraph
                    (1) shall be treated as made on the later of the due
                    date (determined without regard to extensions) of the
                    return of tax for the taxable year or the date on which
                    such return is filed.
                        ``(D) Treatment of payments to partnerships and s
                    corporations.--For purposes of section 1324 of title 31,
                    United States Code, the payments under subparagraph
                    (A)(i)(I) shall be treated in the same manner as a
                    refund due from a credit provision referred to in
                    subsection (b)(2) of such section.

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1396]]

                        ``(E) Additional information.--As a condition of,
                    and prior to, any amount being treated as a payment
                    which is made by the taxpayer under paragraph (1) or any
                    payment being made pursuant to subparagraph (A), the
                    Secretary may require such information or registration
                    as the Secretary deems necessary or appropriate for
                    purposes of preventing duplication, fraud, improper
                    payments, or excessive payments under this section.
                        ``(F) Excessive payment.--
                              ``(i) In general.--In the case of any amount
                          treated as a payment which is made by the taxpayer
                          under paragraph (1), or any payment made pursuant
                          to subparagraph (A), which the Secretary
                          determines constitutes an excessive payment, the
                          tax imposed on such taxpayer by chapter 1 for the
                          taxable year in which such determination is made
                          shall be increased by an amount equal to the sum
                          of--
                                        ``(I) the amount of such excessive
                                    payment, plus
                                        ``(II) an amount equal to 20 percent
                                    of such excessive payment.
                              ``(ii) Reasonable cause.--Clause (i)(II) shall
                          not apply if the taxpayer demonstrates to the
                          satisfaction of the Secretary that the excessive
                          payment resulted from reasonable cause.
                              ``(iii) Excessive payment defined.--For
                          purposes of this subparagraph, the term `excessive
                          payment' means, with respect to property for which
                          an election is made under this subsection for any
                          taxable year, an amount equal to the excess of--
                                        ``(I) the amount treated as a
                                    payment which is made by the taxpayer
                                    under paragraph (1), or the amount of
                                    the payment made pursuant to
                                    subparagraph (A), with respect to such
                                    property for such taxable year, over
                                        ``(II) the amount of the credit
                                    which, without application of this
                                    subsection, would be otherwise allowable
                                    (determined without regard to section
                                    38(c)) under subsection (a) with respect
                                    to such property for such taxable year.
                ``(3) Denial of double benefit.--In the case of a taxpayer
            making an election under this subsection with respect to the
            credit determined under subsection (a), such credit shall be
            reduced to zero and shall, for any other purposes under this
            title, be deemed to have been allowed to the taxpayer for such
            taxable year.
                ``(4) Mirror code possessions.--In the case of any
            possession of the United States with a mirror code tax system
            (as defined in section 24(k)), this subsection shall not be
            treated as part of the income tax laws of the United States for
            purposes of determining the income tax law of such possession
            unless such possession elects to have this subsection be so
            treated.
                ``(5) <<NOTE: Applicability.>>  Basis reduction and
            recapture.--Rules similar to the rules of subsections (a) and
            (c) of section 50 shall apply with respect to--
                        ``(A) any amount treated as a payment which is made
                    by the taxpayer under paragraph (1), and

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1397]]

                        ``(B) any payment made pursuant to paragraph (2)(A).
                ``(6) Regulations.--The Secretary shall issue such
            regulations or other guidance as may be necessary or appropriate
            to carry out the purposes of this subsection, including--
                        ``(A) regulations or other guidance providing rules
                    for determining a partner's distributive share of the
                    tax exempt income described in paragraph (2)(A)(i)(III),
                    and
                        ``(B) guidance to ensure that the amount of the
                    payment or deemed payment made under this subsection is
                    commensurate with the amount of the credit that would be
                    otherwise allowable (determined without regard to
                    section 38(c)).

        ``(e) Termination of Credit.--The credit allowed under this section
    shall not apply to property the construction of which begins after
    December 31, 2026.''.
        (b) Recapture in Connection With Certain Expansions.--
                (1) In general.--Section 50(a) of the Internal Revenue Code
            of 1986 <<NOTE: 26 USC 50.>>  is amended redesignating
            paragraphs (3) through (5) as paragraphs (4) through (6),
            respectively, and by inserting after paragraph (2) the following
            new paragraph:
                ``(3) <<NOTE: Time period.>>  Certain expansions in
            connection with advanced manufacturing facilities.--
                        ``(A) In general.--If there is a an applicable
                    transaction by an applicable taxpayer before the close
                    of the 10-year period beginning on the date such
                    taxpayer placed in service investment credit property
                    which is eligible for the advanced manufacturing
                    investment credit under section 48D(a), then the tax
                    under this chapter for the taxable year in which such
                    transaction occurs shall be increased by 100 percent of
                    the aggregate decrease in the credits allowed under
                    section 38 for all prior taxable years which would have
                    resulted solely from reducing to zero any credit
                    determined under section 46 which is attributable to the
                    advanced manufacturing investment credit under section
                    48D(a) with respect to such property.
                        ``(B) <<NOTE: Deadline.>>  Exception.--Subparagraph
                    (A) shall not apply if the applicable taxpayer
                    demonstrates to the satisfaction of the Secretary that
                    the applicable transaction has been ceased or abandoned
                    within 45 days of a determination and notice by the
                    Secretary.
                        ``(C) <<NOTE: Requirements. Records.>>  Regulations
                    and guidance.--The Secretary shall issue such
                    regulations or other guidance as the Secretary
                    determines necessary or appropriate to carry out the
                    purposes of this paragraph, including regulations or
                    other guidance which provide for requirements for
                    recordkeeping or information reporting for purposes of
                    administering the requirements of this paragraph.''.
                (2) <<NOTE: Definitions.>>  Applicable transaction;
            applicable taxpayer.--Section 50(a)(6) of the Internal Revenue
            Code of 1986, as redesignated by paragraph (1), is amended
            adding at the end the following new subparagraphs:
                        ``(D) Applicable transaction.--For purposes of this
                    subsection--

                          ``(i) <<NOTE: Determination. Coordination. China.>>
                           In general.--The term `applicable transaction'
                          means, with respect to any applicable taxpayer,
                          any significant transaction (as determined by the
                          Secretary, in coordination with the Secretary of
                          Commerce and

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1398]]

                          the Secretary of Defense) involving the material
                          expansion of semiconductor manufacturing capacity
                          of such applicable taxpayer in the People's
                          Republic of China or a foreign country of concern
                          (as defined in section 9901(7) of the William M.
                          (Mac) Thornberry National Defense Authorization
                          Act for Fiscal Year 2021).
                              ``(ii) Exception.--Such term shall not include
                          a transaction which primarily involves the
                          expansion of manufacturing capacity for legacy
                          semiconductors (as defined in section 9902(a)(6)
                          of the William M. (Mac) Thornberry National
                          Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021).
                        ``(E) Applicable taxpayer.--For purposes of this
                    subsection, the term `applicable taxpayer' means any
                    taxpayer who has been allowed a credit under section
                    48D(a) for any prior taxable year.''.
                (3) Conforming amendments.--
                        (A) Section 50(a)(4) of the Internal Revenue Code of
                    1986, as redesignated by paragraph (1), is amended--
                              (i) by inserting ``, or any applicable
                          transaction to which paragraph (3)(A) applies''
                          after ``paragraphs (1) and (2)'', and
                              (ii) by inserting ``or applicable
                          transaction'' after ``such cessation''.
                        (B) Section 50(a)(6)(C) of such Code, as
                    redesignated by paragraph (1), is amended by striking
                    ``paragraph (1) or (2)'' and inserting ``paragraph (1),
                    (2), or (3)''.
                        (C) Section 1371(d)(1) of such Code is amended by
                    striking ``section 50(a)(4)'' and inserting ``section
                    50(a)(5)''.

        (c) Exemption of Elective Payments From Sequestration.--Subsection
    (d) of section 255 of the Balanced Budget and Emergency Deficit Control
    Act of 1985 (2 U.S.C. 905) is amended to read as follows:
        ``(d) Refundable Income Tax Credits and Certain Elective Payments.--
                ``(1) Refundable income tax credits.--Payments to
            individuals made pursuant to provisions of the Internal Revenue
            Code of 1986 establishing refundable tax credits shall be exempt
            from reduction under any order issued under this part.
                ``(2) Certain elective payments.--Payments made to taxpayers
            pursuant to elections under subsection (d) of section 48D of the
            Internal Revenue Code of 1986, or amounts treated as payments
            which are made by taxpayers under paragraph (1) of such
            subsection, shall be exempt from reduction under any order
            issued under this part.''.

        (d) Conforming Amendments.--
                (1) Paragraph (6) of section 46 of the Internal Revenue Code
            of 1986 <<NOTE: 26 USC 46.>>  is amended to read as follows:
                ``(6) the advanced manufacturing investment credit.''.
                (2) Section 49(a)(1)(C) of such Code is amended--
                        (A) by striking ``and'' at the end of clause (iv),
                        (B) by striking the period at the end of clause (v)
                    and inserting ``, and'', and
                        (C) by adding at the end the following new clause:
                              ``(vi) the basis of any qualified property (as
                          defined in subsection (b)(2) of section 48D) which
                          is part of

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1399]]

                          an advanced manufacturing facility (as defined in
                          subsection (b)(3) of such section).''.
                (3) Section 50(a)(2)(E) of such Code <<NOTE: 26 USC 50.>>
            is amended by striking ``or 48C(b)(2)'' and inserting
            ``48C(b)(2), or 48D(b)(5)''.
                (4) The table of sections for subpart E of part IV of
            subchapter A of chapter 1 of such Code <<NOTE: 26 USC 46
            prec.>>  is amended by inserting after the item relating to
            section 48C the following new item:

    ``Sec. 48D. Advanced manufacturing investment credit.''.

        (e) Budgetary Effects.--
                (1) Statutory paygo scorecards.--The budgetary effects of
            this section shall not be entered on either PAYGO scorecard
            maintained pursuant to section 4(d) of the Statutory Pay-As-You-
            Go Act of 2010 (2 U.S.C. 933(d)).
                (2) Senate paygo scorecards.--The budgetary effects of this
            section shall not be entered on any PAYGO scorecard maintained
            for purposes of section 4106 of H. Con. Res. 71 (115th
            Congress).
                (3) Classification of budgetary effects.--Notwithstanding
            Rule 3 of the Budget Scorekeeping Guidelines set forth in the
            joint explanatory statement of the committee of conference
            accompanying Conference Report 105-217 and section 250(c)(8) of
            the Balanced Budget and Emergency Deficit Control Act of 1985,
            the budgetary effects of this section shall not be estimated--
                        (A) for purposes of section 251 of such Act;
                        (B) for purposes of an allocation to the Committee
                    on Appropriations pursuant to section 302(a) of the
                    Congressional Budget Act of 1974; and
                        (C) for purposes of paragraph (4)(C) of section 3 of
                    the Statutory Pay-As-You-Go Act of 2010 as being
                    included in an appropriation Act.

        (f) <<NOTE: Applicability. 2 USC 905 note.>>  Effective Date.--
                (1) In general.--Except as provided in paragraph (2), the
            amendments made by this section shall apply to property placed
            in service after December 31, 2022, and, for any property the
            construction of which begins prior to January 1, 2023, only to
            the extent of the basis thereof attributable to the
            construction, reconstruction, or erection after the date of
            enactment of this Act.
                (2) Exemption of elective payments from sequestration.--The
            amendment made by subsection (c) shall apply to any
            sequestration order issued under the Balanced Budget and
            Emergency Deficit Control Act of 1985 (2 U.S.C. 900 et seq.) on
            or after December 31, 2022.

     DIVISION <<NOTE: Research and Development, Competition, and Innovation
    Act.>>  B--RESEARCH AND INNOVATION
    SEC. 10000. TABLE OF CONTENTS.

        The table of contents for this division is as follows:

                       DIVISION B--RESEARCH AND INNOVATION

    Sec. 10000. Table of contents.
    Sec. 10001. Short title.
    Sec. 10002. Definitions.
    Sec. 10003. Budgetary effects.

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1400]]

              TITLE I--DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY SCIENCE FOR THE FUTURE

    Sec. 10101. Mission of the Office of Science.
    Sec. 10102. Basic energy sciences program.
    Sec. 10103. Biological and environmental research.
    Sec. 10104. Advanced scientific computing research program.
    Sec. 10105. Fusion energy research.
    Sec. 10106. High energy physics program.
    Sec. 10107. Nuclear physics program.
    Sec. 10108. Science laboratories infrastructure program.
    Sec. 10109. Accelerator research and development.
    Sec. 10110. Isotope research, development, and production.
    Sec. 10111. Increased collaboration with teachers and scientists.
    Sec. 10112. High intensity laser research initiative; helium
               conservation program; Office of Science emerging biological
               threat preparedness research initiative; midscale
               instrumentation and research equipment program; authorization
               of appropriations.
    Sec. 10113. Established program to stimulate competitive research.
    Sec. 10114. Research security.

     TITLE II--NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS AND TECHNOLOGY FOR THE FUTURE

    Sec. 10201. Definitions.

                   Subtitle A--Authorization of Appropriations

    Sec. 10211. Authorization of appropriations.

                        Subtitle B--Measurement Research

    Sec. 10221. Engineering biology and biometrology.
    Sec. 10222. Greenhouse gas measurement research.
    Sec. 10223. NIST authority for cybersecurity and privacy activities.
    Sec. 10224. Software security and authentication.
    Sec. 10225. Digital identity management research.
    Sec. 10226. Biometrics research and testing.
    Sec. 10227. Federal biometric performance standards.
    Sec. 10228. Protecting research from cybersecurity theft.
    Sec. 10229. Dissemination of resources for research institutions.
    Sec. 10230. Advanced communications research.
    Sec. 10231. Neutron scattering.
    Sec. 10232. Artificial intelligence.
    Sec. 10233. Sustainable chemistry research and education.
    Sec. 10234. Premise plumbing research.
    Sec. 10235. Dr. David Satcher Cybersecurity Education Grant Program.

                         Subtitle C--General Activities

    Sec. 10241. Educational outreach and support for underrepresented
               communities.
    Sec. 10242. Other transactions authority.
    Sec. 10243. Report to Congress on collaborations with government
               agencies.
    Sec. 10244. Hiring critical technical experts.
    Sec. 10245. International standards development.
    Sec. 10246. Standard technical update.
    Sec. 10247. GAO study of NIST research security policies and protocols.
    Sec. 10248. Standards development organization grants.

            Subtitle D--Hollings Manufacturing Extension Partnership

    Sec. 10251. Establishment of expansion awards pilot program as a part of
               the Hollings Manufacturing Extension Partnership.
    Sec. 10252. Update to Hollings Manufacturing Extension Partnership.
    Sec. 10253. National Supply Chain Database.
    Sec. 10254. Hollings Manufacturing Extension Partnership activities.
    Sec. 10255. Amendment to the Hollings Manufacturing Extension
               Partnership relating to institutions of higher education.

                      Subtitle E--Manufacturing USA Program

    Sec. 10261. Supporting geographic diversity.
    Sec. 10262. Expanding opportunities through the Manufacturing USA
               Program.
    Sec. 10263. Promoting domestic production of technologies developed
               under Manufacturing USA Program.

              TITLE III--NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION FOR THE FUTURE

                         Subtitle A--Preliminary Matters

    Sec. 10301. Sense of Congress.

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1401]]

    Sec. 10302. Definitions.
    Sec. 10303. Authorization of appropriations.

                           Subtitle B--STEM Education

    Sec. 10311. PreK-12 STEM education.
    Sec. 10312. Undergraduate STEM education.
    Sec. 10313. Graduate STEM education.
    Sec. 10314. STEM workforce data.
    Sec. 10315. Cyber workforce development research and development.
    Sec. 10316. Federal cyber scholarship-for-service program.
    Sec. 10317. Cybersecurity workforce data initiative.
    Sec. 10318. Microelectronics workforce development activities.
    Sec. 10319. Incorporation of art and design into certain STEM education.
    Sec. 10320. Mandatory cost-sharing.
    Sec. 10321. Programs to address the STEM workforce.

                      Subtitle C--Broadening Participation

    Sec. 10321. Presidential awards for excellence in mathematics and
               science.
    Sec. 10322. Robert Noyce Teacher Scholarship program update.
    Sec. 10323. NSF Eddie Bernice Johnson INCLUDES Initiative.
    Sec. 10324. Broadening participation on major facilities awards.
    Sec. 10325. Expanding geographic and institutional diversity in
               research.
    Sec. 10326. Diversity in tech research.
    Sec. 10327. Chief Diversity Officer of the NSF.
    Sec. 10328. Research and dissemination to increase the participation of
               women and underrepresented minorities in STEM fields.
    Sec. 10329. Activities to expand STEM opportunities.
    Sec. 10330. Intramural emerging research institutions pilot program.

                        Subtitle D--NSF Research Security

    Sec. 10331. Office of Research Security and Policy.
    Sec. 10332. Chief of Research Security.
    Sec. 10333. Reporting to Congress.
    Sec. 10334. Online resource.
    Sec. 10335. Research awards.
    Sec. 10336. Authorities.
    Sec. 10337. Responsible conduct in research training.
    Sec. 10338. Research security and integrity information sharing analysis
               organization.
    Sec. 10339. Plan with respect to controlled information and background
               screening.
    Sec. 10339A. Foundation funding to institutions hosting or supporting
               Confucius Institutes.
    Sec. 10339B. Foreign financial support.
    Sec. 10339C. Authorization of appropriations.

                        Subtitle E--Fundamental Research

    Sec. 10341. Broader impacts.
    Sec. 10342. Sense of Congress.
    Sec. 10343. Research ethics.
    Sec. 10344. Research reproducibility and replicability.
    Sec. 10345. Climate change research.
    Sec. 10346. Social, behavioral, and economic sciences.
    Sec. 10347. Measuring impacts of Federally funded research and
               development.
    Sec. 10348. Food-energy-water research.
    Sec. 10349. Biological Field Stations and Marine Laboratories.
    Sec. 10350. Sustainable chemistry research and education.
    Sec. 10351. Risk and resilience research.
    Sec. 10352. Unmanned aircraft systems technologies.
    Sec. 10353. Accelerating unmanned maritime systems technologies.
    Sec. 10354. Leveraging international expertise in research.
    Sec. 10355. Biological research collections.
    Sec. 10356. Clean water research and technology acceleration.
    Sec. 10357. Technology and behavioral science research.
    Sec. 10358. Manufacturing research amendment.
    Sec. 10359. Critical minerals mining research and development.
    Sec. 10360. Study of AI research capacity.
    Sec. 10361. Advancing IoT for Precision Agriculture Capabilities Act.
    Sec. 10362. Astronomy and satellite constellations.
    Sec. 10363. Research on the impact of inflation.
    Sec. 10364. Microgravity utilization policy.
    Sec. 10365. Recognition of the Arecibo Observatory.

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1402]]

                       Subtitle F--Research Infrastructure

    Sec. 10371. Facility operation and maintenance.
    Sec. 10372. Reviews.
    Sec. 10373. Helium conservation.
    Sec. 10374. Advanced computing.
    Sec. 10375. National secure data service.

      Subtitle G--Directorate for Technology, Innovation, and Partnerships

    Sec. 10381. Establishment.
    Sec. 10382. Purposes.
    Sec. 10383. Activities.
    Sec. 10384. Requirements.
    Sec. 10385. Assistant Director.
    Sec. 10386. Advisory committee.
    Sec. 10387. Challenges and focus areas.
    Sec. 10388. Regional Innovation Engines.
    Sec. 10389. Translation accelerator.
    Sec. 10390. Test beds.
    Sec. 10391. Planning and capacity building awards.
    Sec. 10392. Entrepreneurial fellowships.
    Sec. 10393. Scholarships and fellowships.
    Sec. 10394. Research and development awards.
    Sec. 10395. Scaling innovations in PreK-12 STEM education.
    Sec. 10396. Authorities.
    Sec. 10397. Coordination of activities.
    Sec. 10398. Ethical, legal, and societal considerations.
    Sec. 10399. Reports and roadmaps.
    Sec. 10399A. Evaluation.

                      Subtitle H--Administrative Amendments

    Sec. 10399D. Supporting veterans in STEM careers.
    Sec. 10399E. Sunshine Act compliance.
    Sec. 10399F. Science and engineering indicators report submission.

                  TITLE IV--BIOECONOMY RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT

    Sec. 10401. Definitions.
    Sec. 10402. National engineering biology research and development
               initiative.
    Sec. 10403. Initiative coordination.
    Sec. 10404. Advisory committee on engineering biology research and
               development.
    Sec. 10405. External review of ethical, legal, environmental, safety,
               security, and societal issues.
    Sec. 10406. Agency activities.
    Sec. 10407. Rule of construction.

                  TITLE V--BROADENING PARTICIPATION IN SCIENCE

                         Subtitle A--STEM Opportunities

    Sec. 10501. Federal research agency policies for caregivers.
    Sec. 10502. Collection and reporting of data on federal research awards.
    Sec. 10503. Policies for review of Federal research awards.
    Sec. 10504. Collection of data on demographics of faculty.
    Sec. 10505. Cultural and institutional barriers to expanding the
               academic and Federal STEM workforce.
    Sec. 10506. Existing activities.
    Sec. 10507. Report to Congress.
    Sec. 10508. Merit review.
    Sec. 10509. Determination of budgetary effects.
    Sec. 10510. Definition.

                    Subtitle B--Rural STEM Education Research

    Sec. 10511. Definition.
    Sec. 10512. National Science Foundation rural STEM activities.
    Sec. 10513. Opportunities for online education.
    Sec. 10514. National Academies evaluation.
    Sec. 10515. GAO review.
    Sec. 10516. NIST engagement with rural communities.

                        Subtitle C--MSI STEM Achievement

    Sec. 10521. GAO review.
    Sec. 10522. Agency responsibilities.

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1403]]

    Sec. 10523. Research at the National Science Foundation.
    Sec. 10524. Capacity-building program for developing universities.
    Sec. 10525. Tribal Colleges and Universities program.
    Sec. 10526. Definitions.

               Subtitle D--Combating Sexual Harassment in Science

    Sec. 10531. Findings.
    Sec. 10532. Purpose.
    Sec. 10533. Definition.
    Sec. 10534. Research awards.
    Sec. 10535. Responsible Conduct Guide.
    Sec. 10536. Interagency working group.
    Sec. 10537. National Academies assessment.
    Sec. 10538. GAO study.
    Sec. 10539. Authorization of appropriations.

            TITLE VI--MISCELLANEOUS SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY PROVISIONS

                 Subtitle A--Supporting Early-career Researchers

    Sec. 10601. Early-career research fellowship program.
    Sec. 10602. Authorization of appropriations.

              Subtitle B--National Science and Technology Strategy

    Sec. 10611. National science and technology strategy.
    Sec. 10612. Strategy and report on the Nation's economic security,
               science, research, and innovation to support the national
               security strategy.
    Sec. 10613. Quadrennial science and technology review.

                         Subtitle C--Regional Innovation

    Sec. 10621. Regional innovation capacity.
    Sec. 10622. Regional Clean Energy Innovation Program.

                          Subtitle D--Research Security

    Sec. 10631. Requirements for foreign talent recruitment programs.
    Sec. 10632. Malign foreign talent recruitment program prohibition.
    Sec. 10633. Review of contracts and agreements.
    Sec. 10634. Research security training requirement for Federal research
               award personnel.
    Sec. 10635. Research funds accounting.
    Sec. 10636. Person or entity of concern prohibition.
    Sec. 10637. Nondiscrimination.
    Sec. 10638. Definitions.

       Subtitle E--Coastal and Ocean Acidification Research and Innovation

    Sec. 10641. Short title.
    Sec. 10642. Purposes.
    Sec. 10643. Definitions.
    Sec. 10644. Interagency working group.
    Sec. 10645. Strategic research plan.
    Sec. 10646. NOAA ocean acidification activities.
    Sec. 10647. NSF ocean acidification activities.
    Sec. 10648. NASA ocean acidification activities.
    Sec. 10649. Authorization of appropriations.

                      Subtitle F--Interagency Working Group

    Sec. 10651. Interagency working group.

                Subtitle G--Quantum Networking and Communications

    Sec. 10661. Quantum networking and communications.

                        Subtitle H--Blockchain Specialist

    Sec. 10671. Establishment of blockchain and cryptocurrency specialist
               position within OSTP.

           Subtitle I--Partnerships for Energy Security and Innovation

    Sec. 10691. Foundation for Energy Security and Innovation.

                   Subtitle J--Energizing Technology Transfer

    Sec. 10701. Definitions.

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1404]]

           PART 1--National Clean Energy Technology Transfer Programs

    Sec. 10713. National clean energy incubator program.
    Sec. 10714. Clean energy technology university prize competition.
    Sec. 10715. Clean energy technology transfer coordination.

     PART 2--Supporting Technology Development at the National Laboratories

    Sec. 10716. Lab partnering service pilot program.
    Sec. 10717. Lab-embedded entrepreneurship program.
    Sec. 10718. Small business voucher program.
    Sec. 10719. Entrepreneurial leave program.
    Sec. 10720. National Laboratory non-Federal employee outside employment
               authority.

                   PART 3--Department of Energy Modernization

    Sec. 10722. Office of Technology Transitions.
    Sec. 10723. Management of Department of Energy demonstration projects.
    Sec. 10724. Streamlining prize competitions.
    Sec. 10725. Cost-share waiver extension.
    Sec. 10726. Special hiring authority for scientific, engineering, and
               project management personnel.
    Sec. 10727. Technology transfer reports and evaluation.

                              Subtitle K--Micro Act

    Sec. 10731. Microelectronics research for energy innovation.

        Subtitle L--National Nuclear University Research Infrastructure
                                  Reinvestment

    Sec. 10741. Short title.
    Sec. 10742. Purposes.
    Sec. 10743. University infrastructure collaboration.
    Sec. 10744. Advanced nuclear research infrastructure enhancement
               subprogram.
    Sec. 10745. Science education and human resources scholarships,
               fellowships, and research and development projects.

        Subtitle M--Steel Upgrading Partnerships and Emissions Reduction

    Sec. 10751. Low-emissions steel manufacturing research program.

        Subtitle N--Applied Laboratories Infrastructure Restoration and
                                  Modernization

    Sec. 10761. Applied laboratories infrastructure restoration and
               modernization.

          Subtitle O--Department of Energy Research, Development, and
                            Demonstration Activities

    Sec. 10771. Department of Energy research, development, and
               demonstration activities.

                       Subtitle P--Fission for the Future

    Sec. 10781. Advanced nuclear technologies Federal research, development,
               and demonstration program.

     TITLE VII--NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE ADMINISTRATION AUTHORIZATION
                                       ACT

    Sec. 10801. Short title.
    Sec. 10802. Definitions.

                             Subtitle A--Exploration

    Sec. 10811. Moon to Mars.
    Sec. 10812. Space Launch System configurations.
    Sec. 10813. Rocket engine test infrastructure.
    Sec. 10814. Pearl River maintenance.
    Sec. 10815. Extension and modification relating to International Space
               Station.
    Sec. 10816. Priorities for International Space Station.
    Sec. 10817. Technical amendments relating to Artemis missions.

                               Subtitle B--Science

    Sec. 10821. Science priorities.
    Sec. 10822. Search for life.
    Sec. 10823. Next generation of astrophysics great observatories.
    Sec. 10824. Earth science missions and programs.
    Sec. 10825. Planetary Defense Coordination Office.

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1405]]

                             Subtitle C--Aeronautics

    Sec. 10831. Experimental aircraft projects.
    Sec. 10832. Unmanned aircraft systems.
    Sec. 10833. Cleaner, quieter airplanes.

                          Subtitle D--Space Technology

    Sec. 10841. Space nuclear capabilities.
    Sec. 10842. Prioritization of low-enriched uranium technology.

                           Subtitle E--STEM Engagement

    Sec. 10851. Office of STEM Engagement.

                            Subtitle F--Miscellaneous

    Sec. 10861. Program, workforce, and industrial base reviews.
    Sec. 10862. Modification of lease of non-excess property.

    SEC. 10001. <<NOTE: 42 USC 18901 note.>>  SHORT TITLE.

        This division may be cited as the ``Research and Development,
    Competition, and Innovation Act''.
    SEC. 10002. <<NOTE: 42 USC 18901.>>  DEFINITIONS.

        In this division:
                (1) Artificial intelligence.--The term ``artificial
            intelligence'' or ``AI'' has the meaning given such term in
            section 5002 of the William M. (Mac) Thornberry National Defense
            Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 (15 U.S.C. 9401).
                (2) Awardee.--The term ``awardee'' means the legal entity to
            which Federal assistance is awarded and that is accountable to
            the Federal Government for the use of the funds provided.
                (3) Award personnel.--The term ``award personnel'' means
            principal investigators and co-principal investigators, faculty,
            postdoctoral researchers, and other employees supported by a
            grant, cooperative agreement, or contract under Federal law.
                (4) Biomanufacturing.--The term ``biomanufacturing'' means
            the utilization of biological systems to develop new and advance
            existing products, tools, and processes at commercial scale.
                (5) Emerging research institution.--The term ``emerging
            research institution'' means an institution of higher education
            with an established undergraduate or graduate program that has
            less than $50,000,000 in Federal research expenditures.
                (6) Engineering biology.--The term ``engineering biology''
            means the application of engineering design principles and
            practices to biological systems, including molecular and
            cellular systems, to advance fundamental understanding of
            complex natural systems and to enable novel or optimize
            functions and capabilities.
                (7) EPSCoR.--The term ``EPSCoR'' has the meaning given the
            term in section 502 of the America COMPETES Reauthorization Act
            of 2010 (42 U.S.C. 1862p note).
                (8) EPSCoR institution.--The term ``EPSCoR institution''
            means an institution of higher education, nonprofit
            organization, or other institution located in a jurisdiction
            eligible to participate in the program under section 113 of the
            National Science Foundation Authorization Act of 1988 (42 U.S.C.
            1862g).
                (9) Federal laboratory.--The term ``Federal laboratory'' has
            the meaning given such term in section 4 of the Stevenson-Wydler
            Technology Innovation Act of 1980 (15 U.S.C. 3703).

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1406]]

                (10) Federal research agency.--The term ``Federal research
            agency'' means any Federal agency with an annual extramural
            research expenditure of over $100,000,000 in fiscal year 2022
            constant dollars.
                (11) Foundation.--The term ``Foundation'' means the National
            Science Foundation.
                (12) Historically black college and university.--The term
            ``historically Black college and university'' has the meaning
            given the term ``part B institution'' in section 322 of the
            Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1061).
                (13) Institution of higher education.--The term
            ``institution of higher education'' has the meaning given the
            term in section 101(a) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20
            U.S.C. 1001(a)).
                (14) Interagency working group on inclusion in stem.--The
            term ``interagency working group on inclusion in STEM'' means
            the interagency working group established by section 308 of the
            American Innovation and Competitiveness Act (42 U.S.C. 6626).
                (15) Labor organization.--The term ``labor organization''
            has the meaning given the term in section 2(5) of the National
            Labor Relations Act (29 U.S.C. 152(5)), except that such term
            shall also include--
                        (A) any organization composed of labor
                    organizations, such as a labor union federation or a
                    State or municipal labor body; and
                        (B) any organization which would be included in the
                    definition for such term under such section 2(5) but for
                    the fact that the organization represents--
                              (i) individuals employed by the United States,
                          any wholly owned Government corporation, any
                          Federal Reserve Bank, or any State or political
                          subdivision thereof;
                              (ii) individuals employed by persons subject
                          to the Railway Labor Act (45 U.S.C. 151 et seq.);
                          or
                              (iii) individuals employed as agricultural
                          laborers.
                (16) Low-income individual.--The term ``low-income
            individual'' means an individual from a family whose taxable
            income for the preceding year did not exceed 150 percent of an
            amount equal to the poverty level determined by using criteria
            of poverty established by the Bureau of the Census.
                (17) Manufacturing extension center.--The term
            ``manufacturing extension center'' has the meaning given the
            term ``Center'' in section 25(a) of the National Institute of
            Standards and Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 278k(a)).
                (18) Manufacturing usa institute.--The term ``Manufacturing
            USA institute'' means a Manufacturing USA institute described in
            section 34(d) of the National Institute of Standards and
            Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 278s(d)).
                (19) Minority-serving institution.--The term ``minority-
            serving institution'' means a Hispanic-serving institution as
            defined in section 502(a) of the Higher Education Act of 1965
            (20 U.S.C. 1101a(a)); an Alaska Native-serving institution or
            Native Hawaiian-serving institution as defined in section 317(b)
            of such Act (20 U.S.C. 1059d(b)); or a Predominantly Black
            institution, Asian American and Native American Pacific

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1407]]

            Islander-serving institution, or Native American-serving
            nontribal institution as defined in section 371(c) of such Act
            (20 U.S.C. 1067q(c)).
                (20) National academies.--The term ``National Academies''
            means the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and
            Medicine.
                (21) Non-profit organization.--The term ``non-profit
            organization'' means an organization which is described in
            section 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 and
            exempt from tax under section 501(a) of such code.
                (22) Prek-12.--The term ``PreK-12'' means pre-kindergarten
            through grade 12.
                (23) Quantum information science.--The term ``quantum
            information science'' has the meaning given such term in section
            2 of the National Quantum Initiative Act (15 U.S.C. 8801).
                (24) Recipient.--The term ``recipient'' means an entity,
            usually a non-Federal entity, that receives a Federal award
            directly from a Federal research agency. The term ``recipient''
            does not include entities that receive subawards or individuals
            that are the beneficiaries of the award.
                (25) Research and development award.--The term ``research
            and development award'' means support provided to an individual
            or entity by a Federal research agency to carry out research and
            development activities, which may include support in the form of
            a grant, contract, cooperative agreement, or other such
            transaction. The term does not include a grant, contract,
            agreement or other transaction for the procurement of goods or
            services to meet the administrative needs of a Federal research
            agency.
                (26) Skilled technical work.--The term ``skilled technical
            work'' means an occupation that requires a high level of
            knowledge in a technical domain and does not require a
            bachelor's degree for entry.
                (27) Stem.--The term ``STEM'' means science, technology,
            engineering, and mathematics, including computer science.
                (28) Stem education.--The term ``STEM education'' has the
            meaning given the term in section 2 of the STEM Education Act of
            2015 (42 U.S.C. 6621 note).
                (29) Technical standard.--The term ``technical standard''
            has the meaning given such term in section 12(d)(5) of the
            National Technology Transfer and Advancement Act of 1995 (15
            U.S.C. 272 note).
                (30) Tribal college or university.--The term ``Tribal
            College or University'' has the meaning given such term in
            section 316 of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C.
            1059c).
    SEC. 10003. BUDGETARY EFFECTS.

        (a) Statutory Paygo Scorecards.--The budgetary effects of this
    division shall not be entered on either PAYGO scorecard maintained
    pursuant to section 4(d) of the Statutory Pay-As-You-Go Act of 2010 (2
    U.S.C. 933(d)).
        (b) Senate Paygo Scorecards.--The budgetary effects of this division
    shall not be entered on any PAYGO scorecard maintained for purposes of
    section 4106 of H. Con. Res. 71 (115th Congress).
        (c) Classification of Budgetary Effects.--Notwithstanding Rule 3 of
    the Budget Scorekeeping Guidelines set forth in the

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1408]]

    joint explanatory statement of the committee of conference accompanying
    Conference Report 105-217 and section 250(c)(8) of the Balanced Budget
    and Emergency Deficit Control Act of 1985, the budgetary effects of this
    division shall not be estimated--
                (1) for purposes of section 251 of such Act;
                (2) for purposes of an allocation to the Committee on
            Appropriations pursuant to section 302(a) of the Congressional
            Budget Act of 1974; and
                (3) for purposes of paragraph (4)(C) of section 3 of the
            Statutory Pay-As-You-Go Act of 2010 as being included in an
            appropriation Act.

              TITLE I--DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY SCIENCE FOR THE FUTURE

    SEC. 10101. MISSION OF THE OFFICE OF SCIENCE.

        Section 209 of the Department of Energy Organization Act (42 U.S.C.
    7139) is amended by adding at the end the following:
        ``(d) User Facilities.--The Director shall carry out the
    construction, operation, and maintenance of user facilities to support
    the mission described in subsection (c). As practicable, these
    facilities shall serve the needs of the Department, industry, the
    academic community, and other relevant entities for the purposes of
    advancing the missions of the Department, improving the competitiveness
    of the United States, protecting public health and safety, and
    addressing other national priorities including emergencies.
        ``(e) Coordination.--
                ``(1) In general.--The Secretary--
                        ``(A) shall ensure the coordination of the Office of
                    Science with the other activities of the Department,
                    including the transfer of knowledge, capabilities, and
                    relevant technologies from basic research programs of
                    the Department to applied research and development
                    programs of the Department for the purpose of enabling
                    development of mission-relevant technologies;
                        ``(B) shall support joint activities among the
                    programs of the Department;
                        ``(C) shall coordinate with other relevant Federal
                    agencies operating under existing authorizations
                    relating to subjects relating to the mission described
                    in subsection (c) in supporting advancements in related
                    research areas as appropriate; and
                        ``(D) may form partnerships to enhance the
                    utilization of and ensure access to user facilities by
                    other Federal agencies.
                ``(2) Office of science.--The Director--
                        ``(A) shall ensure the coordination of programs and
                    activities carried out by the Office of Science; and
                        ``(B) shall direct all programs which have not
                    recently completed a future planning roadmap consistent
                    with the funding of such programs authorized under the
                    Research and Development, Competition, and Innovation
                    Act to complete such a roadmap.''.

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1409]]

    SEC. 10102. <<NOTE: 42 USC 18911.>>  BASIC ENERGY SCIENCES
                                PROGRAM.

        (a) Department of Energy Research and Innovation Act.--Section 303
    of the Department of Energy Research and Innovation Act (42 U.S.C.
    18641) is amended--
                (1) <<NOTE: 42 USC 16313, 16315, 18641.>>  by redesignating
            subsections (a) through (e) as subsections (c) through (g),
            respectively;
                (2) by inserting before subsection (c), as so redesignated,
            the following:

        ``(a) Program.--As part of the activities authorized under section
    209 of the Department of Energy Organization Act (42 U.S.C. 7139), the
    Director shall carry out a research and development program in basic
    energy sciences, including materials sciences and engineering, chemical
    sciences, physical biosciences, geosciences, and other disciplines, to
    understand, model, and control matter and energy at the electronic,
    atomic, and molecular levels in order to provide the foundations for new
    energy technologies, address scientific grand challenges, and support
    the energy, environment, and national security missions of the
    Department.
        ``(b) Sustainable Chemistry.--In carrying out chemistry-related
    research and development activities under this section, the Director
    shall prioritize research and development of sustainable chemistry to
    support clean, safe, and economic alternatives and methodologies to
    traditional chemical products and processes.'';
                (3) in subsection (d), as so redesignated--
                        (A) in paragraph (3)--
                              (i) in subparagraph (C), by striking ``and''
                          at the end;
                              (ii) by redesignating subparagraph (D) as
                          subparagraph (E); and
                              (iii) by inserting after subparagraph (C) the
                          following:
                        ``(D) autonomous chemistry and materials synthesis
                    and characterization facilities that leverage advances
                    in artificial intelligence; and''; and
                        (B) <<NOTE: Deadlines. Time periods.>>  by adding at
                    the end the following:
                ``(4) Advanced photon source upgrade.--
                        ``(A) Definitions.--In this paragraph:
                              ``(i) Flux.--The term `flux' means the rate of
                          flow of photons.
                              ``(ii) Hard x-ray.--The term `hard x-ray'
                          means a photon with energy greater than 20
                          kiloelectron volts.
                        ``(B) Upgrade.--The Secretary shall provide for the
                    upgrade to the Advanced Photon Source described in the
                    publication approved by the Basic Energy Sciences
                    Advisory Committee on June 9, 2016, entitled `Report on
                    Facility Upgrades', including the development of a
                    multibend achromat lattice to produce a high flux of
                    coherent x-rays within the hard x-ray energy region and
                    a suite of beamlines optimized for this source.
                        ``(C) Start of operations.--The Secretary shall,
                    subject to the availability of appropriations, ensure
                    that the start of full operations of the upgrade under
                    this paragraph occurs before March 31, 2026.
                        ``(D) Funding.--Out of funds authorized to be
                    appropriated under subsection (j), there is authorized
                    to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out the
                    upgrade under this paragraph $14,200,000 for fiscal year
                    2023.

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1410]]

                ``(5) Spallation neutron source proton power upgrade.--
                        ``(A) In general.--The Secretary shall provide for
                    the proton power upgrade to the Spallation Neutron
                    Source.
                        ``(B) Proton power upgrade defined.--In this
                    paragraph, the term `proton power upgrade' means the
                    Spallation Neutron Source power upgrade described in--
                              ``(i) the publication entitled `Facilities for
                          the Future of Science: A Twenty-Year Outlook',
                          published by the Office of Science of the
                          Department in December, 2003;
                              ``(ii) the publication entitled `Four Years
                          Later: An Interim Report on Facilities for the
                          Future of Science: A Twenty-Year Outlook',
                          published by the Office of Science of the
                          Department in August, 2007; and
                              ``(iii) the publication approved by the Basic
                          Energy Sciences Advisory Committee on June 9,
                          2016, entitled `Report on Facility Upgrades'.
                        ``(C) Start of operations.--The Secretary shall,
                    subject to the availability of appropriations, ensure
                    that the start of full operations of the upgrade under
                    this paragraph occurs before July 30, 2028, with the
                    option for early operation in 2025.
                        ``(D) Funding.--Out of funds authorized to be
                    appropriated under subsection (j), there is authorized
                    to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out the
                    upgrade under this paragraph--
                              ``(i) $17,000,000 for fiscal year 2023;
                              ``(ii) $14,202,000 for fiscal year 2024; and
                              ``(iii) $1,567,000 for fiscal year 2025.
                ``(6) Spallation neutron source second target station.--
                        ``(A) In general.--The Secretary shall provide for a
                    second target station for the Spallation Neutron Source.
                        ``(B) Second target station defined.--In this
                    paragraph, the term `second target station' means the
                    Spallation Neutron Source second target station
                    described in--
                              ``(i) the publication entitled, `Facilities
                          for the Future of Science: A Twenty-Year Outlook',
                          published by the Office of Science of the
                          Department in December, 2003;
                              ``(ii) the publication entitled, `Four Years
                          Later: An Interim Report on Facilities for the
                          Future of Science: A Twenty-Year Outlook',
                          published by the Office of Science of the
                          Department in August, 2007; and
                              ``(iii) the publication approved by the Basic
                          Energy Sciences Advisory Committee on June 9,
                          2016, entitled `Report on Facility Upgrades'.
                        ``(C) Start of operations.--The Secretary shall,
                    subject to the availability of appropriations, ensure
                    that the start of full operations of the second target
                    station under this paragraph occurs before December 31,
                    2033, with the option for early operation in 2029.
                        ``(D) Funding.--Out of funds authorized to be
                    appropriated under subsection (j), there are authorized
                    to be

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1411]]

                    appropriated to the Secretary to carry out the
                    activities under this paragraph, including
                    construction--
                              ``(i) $127,000,000 for fiscal year 2023;
                              ``(ii) $205,000,000 for fiscal year 2024;
                              ``(iii) $279,000,000 for fiscal year 2025;
                              ``(iv) $300,000,000 for fiscal year 2026; and
                              ``(v) $281,000,000 for fiscal year 2027.
                ``(7) Advanced light source upgrade.--
                        ``(A) Definitions.--In this paragraph:
                              ``(i) Flux.--The term `flux' means the rate of
                          flow of photons.
                              ``(ii) Soft x-ray.--The term `soft x-ray'
                          means a photon with energy in the range from 50 to
                          2,000 electron volts.
                        ``(B) Upgrade.--The Secretary shall provide for the
                    upgrade to the Advanced Light Source described in the
                    publication approved by the Basic Energy Sciences
                    Advisory Committee on June 9, 2016, entitled `Report on
                    Facility Upgrades', including the development of a
                    multibend achromat lattice to produce a high flux of
                    coherent x-rays within the soft x-ray energy region.
                        ``(C) Start of operations.--The Secretary shall,
                    subject to the availability of appropriations, ensure
                    that the start of full operations of the upgrade under
                    this paragraph occurs before September 30, 2029.
                        ``(D) Funding.--Out of funds authorized to be
                    appropriated under subsection (j), there are authorized
                    to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out the
                    upgrade under this paragraph--
                              ``(i) $135,000,000 for fiscal year 2023;
                              ``(ii) $102,500,000 for fiscal year 2024;
                              ``(iii) $50,000,000 for fiscal year 2025; and
                              ``(iv) $1,400,000 for fiscal year 2026.
                ``(8) Linac coherent light source ii high energy upgrade.--
                        ``(A) Definitions.--In this paragraph:
                              ``(i) High energy.--The term `high energy',
                          with respect to an x-ray, means a photon with an
                          energy in the 5 to 13 kiloelectron volt range.
                              ``(ii) High repetition rate.--The term `high
                          repetition rate' means the delivery of x-ray
                          pulses up to 1,000,000 pulses per second.
                              ``(iii) Ultra-short pulse.--The term `ultra-
                          short pulse', with respect to an x-ray, means that
                          the x-ray has bursts capable of durations of less
                          than 100 femtoseconds.
                        ``(B) Upgrade.--The Secretary shall--
                              ``(i) provide for the upgrade to the Linac
                          Coherent Light Source II facility described in the
                          publication approved by the Basic Energy Sciences
                          Advisory Committee on June 9, 2016, entitled
                          `Report on Facility Upgrades', including the
                          development of experimental capabilities for high
                          energy x-rays to reveal fundamental scientific
                          discoveries; and
                              ``(ii) ensure such upgrade enables the
                          production and use of high energy, ultra-short
                          pulse x-rays delivered at a high repetition rate.

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1412]]

                        ``(C) Start of operations.--The Secretary shall,
                    subject to the availability of appropriations, ensure
                    that the start of full operations of the upgrade under
                    this paragraph occurs before December 31, 2026.
                        ``(D) Funding.--Out of funds authorized to be
                    appropriated under subsection (j), there are authorized
                    to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out the
                    upgrade under this paragraph--
                              ``(i) $100,000,000 for fiscal year 2023;
                              ``(ii) $130,000,000 for fiscal year 2024;
                              ``(iii) $135,000,000 for fiscal year 2025; and
                              ``(iv) $99,343,000 for fiscal year 2026.
                ``(9) Cryomodule repair and maintenance facility.--
                        ``(A) In general.--The Secretary shall provide for
                    the construction of a cryomodule repair and maintenance
                    facility to service the Linac Coherent Light Source II
                    and subsequent upgrades.
                        ``(B) Consultation required.--The Secretary shall
                    consult with the private sector, institutions of higher
                    education, National Laboratories, and relevant Federal
                    agencies to ensure that the facility described in
                    subparagraph (A) has the capability to maintain, repair,
                    and test superconducting radio frequency accelerator
                    components.
                        ``(C) Funding.--Out of funds authorized to be
                    appropriated under subsection (j), there are authorized
                    to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out the
                    activities under this paragraph--
                              ``(i) $29,300,000 for fiscal year 2023;
                              ``(ii) $24,000,000 for fiscal year 2024;
                              ``(iii) $20,000,000 for fiscal year 2025; and
                              ``(iv) $15,700,000 for fiscal year 2026.
                ``(10) Nanoscale science research center recapitalization
            project.--
                        ``(A) In general.--The Secretary shall provide for
                    the recapitalization of the Nanoscale Science Research
                    Centers, to include the upgrade of equipment at each
                    Center supported by the Office of Science on the date of
                    enactment of the Research and Development, Competition,
                    and Innovation Act, to accelerate advances in the
                    various fields of science including nanoscience,
                    materials, chemistry, biology, and quantum information
                    science.
                        ``(B) Funding.--Out of funds authorized to be
                    appropriated under subsection (j), there are authorized
                    to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out the
                    recapitalization under this paragraph--
                              ``(i) $25,000,000 for fiscal year 2023; and
                              ``(ii) $25,000,000 for fiscal year 2024.
                ``(11) National synchrotron light source ii beamline
            buildout.--
                        ``(A) In general.--The Secretary shall provide for
                    the development and construction of experimental
                    stations to provide significant additional beamline and
                    instrument capacity, complement the existing portfolio
                    of beamlines, and complete the buildout of the National
                    Synchrotron Light Source II.
                        ``(B) Start of operations.--Subject to the
                    availability of appropriations, the Secretary--

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1413]]

                              ``(i) shall begin carrying out subparagraph
                          (A) not later than September 30, 2036; and
                              ``(ii) may begin carrying out subparagraph
                          (A)--
                                        ``(I) in calendar year 2033; or
                                        ``(II) after the construction of
                                    individual beamlines is complete.''; and
                (4) by adding at the end the following:

        ``(h) Computational Materials and Chemical Sciences.--
                ``(1) In general.--The Director shall support a program of
            research and development for the application of advanced
            computing practices to foundational and emerging research
            problems in chemistry and materials science. Research activities
            shall include--
                        ``(A) chemical catalysis research and development;
                        ``(B) the use of large data sets to model materials
                    phenomena, including through advanced characterization
                    of materials, materials synthesis, processing, and
                    innovative use of experimental and theoretical data;
                        ``(C) codesign of chemical system and chemistry
                    modeling software with advanced computing systems and
                    hardware technologies; and
                        ``(D) modeling of chemical processes, assemblies,
                    and reactions such as molecular dynamics and quantum
                    chemistry, including through novel computing methods.
                ``(2) Computational materials and chemical sciences
            centers.--
                        ``(A) In general.--In carrying out the activities
                    authorized under paragraph (1), the Director shall
                    select and establish up to 6 computational materials and
                    chemical sciences centers to--
                              ``(i) develop open-source, robust, and
                          validated computational codes and user-friendly
                          software, coupled with innovative use of
                          experimental and theoretical data, to enable the
                          design, discovery, and development of new
                          materials and chemical systems; and
                              ``(ii) focus on overcoming challenges and
                          maximizing the benefits of exascale and other high
                          performance computing underpinned by accelerated
                          node technologies.
                        ``(B) Selection.--The Director shall select centers
                    under subparagraph (A) on a competitive, merit-reviewed
                    basis. The Director shall consider applications from the
                    National Laboratories, institutions of higher education,
                    multi-institutional collaborations, and other
                    appropriate entities.
                        ``(C) Duration.--
                              ``(i) New centers.--A center selected under
                          subparagraph (A) shall receive support for a
                          period of not more than 5 years beginning on the
                          date of establishment of that center, subject to
                          the availability of appropriations.
                              ``(ii) Existing centers.--A center already in
                          existence on the date of enactment of the Research
                          and Development, Competition, and Innovation Act
                          may continue to receive support for a period of
                          not more than 5 years beginning on the date of
                          establishment of that center.

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1414]]

                        ``(D) <<NOTE: Time period.>>  Renewal.--Upon the
                    expiration of any period of support of a center under
                    this subsection, the Director may renew support for the
                    center, on a merit-reviewed basis, for a period of not
                    more than 5 years.

        ``(i) Materials Research Database.--
                ``(1) In general.--The Director shall support the
            development of a web-based platform to develop and provide
            access to a database of computed information on known and
            predicted materials properties and computational tools to
            accelerate breakthroughs in materials discovery and design.
                ``(2) Program.--In carrying out this subsection, the
            Director shall--
                        ``(A) conduct cooperative research among National
                    Laboratories, industry, academia, and other research
                    institutions to advance understanding, prediction, and
                    manipulation of materials and facilitate the design of
                    novel materials;
                        ``(B) develop and maintain data infrastructure at
                    user facilities that generate data to collect, analyze,
                    label, and otherwise prepare the data for inclusion in
                    the database;
                        ``(C) leverage existing high performance computing
                    systems to conduct high throughput calculations, and
                    develop computational and data mining algorithms for the
                    prediction of material properties;
                        ``(D) strengthen the foundation for new technologies
                    and advanced manufacturing; and
                        ``(E) drive the development of advanced materials
                    for applications that span the Department's missions in
                    energy, environment, and national security.
                ``(3) Coordination.--In carrying out this subsection, the
            Director shall leverage programs and activities across the
            Department, including computational materials and chemical
            sciences centers established under subsection (h).
                ``(4) <<NOTE: Time period.>>  Funding.--Out of funds
            authorized to be appropriated under subsection (j), there is
            authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out
            activities under this subsection $10,000,000 for each of fiscal
            years 2023 through 2027.

        ``(j) <<NOTE: Time periods.>>  Authorization of Appropriations.--Out
    of funds authorized to be appropriated to the Office of Science in a
    fiscal year, there are authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary to
    carry out the activities described in this section--
                ``(1) $2,685,414,000 for fiscal year 2023;
                ``(2) $2,866,890,840 for fiscal year 2024;
                ``(3) $2,987,727,170 for fiscal year 2025;
                ``(4) $3,062,732,781 for fiscal year 2026; and
                ``(5) $3,080,067,167 for fiscal year 2027.''.

        (b) <<NOTE: Time period.>>  Artificial Photosynthesis.--Section 973
    of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 16313) is amended--
                (1) in subsection (b), by striking paragraph (4) and
            inserting the following:
                ``(4) Funds.--Of the funds authorized to be appropriated for
            basic energy sciences in a fiscal year, there is authorized to
            be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out activities under
            this subsection $50,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2023
            through 2027.''; and
                (2) in subsection (c), by striking paragraph (4) and
            inserting the following:

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1415]]

                ``(4) Funds.--Of the funds authorized to be appropriated for
            basic energy sciences in a fiscal year, there is authorized to
            be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out activities under
            this subsection $50,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2023
            through 2027.''.

        (c) <<NOTE: Time period.>>  Electricity Storage Research
    Initiative.--Section 975 of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C.
    16315) is amended--
                (1) in subsection (a)--
                        (A) in paragraph (1)--
                              (i) in subparagraph (A)(ii), by striking
                          ``and'' after the semicolon at the end;
                              (ii) in subparagraph (B), by striking the
                          period at the end and inserting ``; and''; and
                              (iii) by adding at the end the following:
                        ``(C) to ensure the competitiveness of the United
                    States in energy storage by fostering an ecosystem
                    linking fundamental research and development to
                    deployment of storage solutions while minimizing the
                    environmental impacts of energy storage technologies.'';
                    and
                        (B) in paragraph (2)--
                              (i) in subparagraph (A), by striking ``and''
                          after the semicolon at the end;
                              (ii) in subparagraph (B), by striking the
                          period at the end and inserting ``; and''; and
                              (iii) by adding at the end the following:
                        ``(C) any other relevant office of the
                    Department.'';
                (2) in subsection (b), by striking paragraph (4) and
            inserting the following:
                ``(4) Funding.--Of the funds authorized to be appropriated
            for basic energy sciences in a fiscal year, there is authorized
            to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out activities
            under this subsection $50,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2023
            through 2027.'';
                (3) in subsection (c), by striking paragraph (4) and
            inserting the following:
                ``(4) Funding.--Of the funds authorized to be appropriated
            for basic energy sciences in a fiscal year, there is authorized
            to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out activities
            under this subsection $50,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2023
            through 2027.''; and
                (4) in subsection (d), by striking paragraph (4) and
            inserting the following:
                ``(4) Funding.--Of the funds authorized to be appropriated
            for basic energy sciences in a fiscal year, there is authorized
            to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out activities
            under this subsection $20,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2023
            through 2027.''.

        (d) Foundational Nuclear Science.--
                (1) In general.--The Director of the Office of Science shall
            support a program of research and development to bridge
            scientific barriers to, and expand theoretical and fundamental
            knowledge relevant to, understanding nuclear materials and
            matter for the benefit of commerce, medicine, and national
            security.
                (2) Activities.--As part of the program described in
            paragraph (1)--

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1416]]

                        (A) the Director of the Office of Science shall
                    support basic research to pursue distinct lines of
                    scientific inquiry, including--
                              (i) research in nuclear materials science,
                          including the application of advanced computing
                          practices to foundational and emerging research
                          areas in nuclear materials science and discovery,
                          such as--
                                        (I) the advanced characterization of
                                    materials;
                                        (II) materials synthesis;
                                        (III) processing;
                                        (IV) the innovative use of
                                    experimental and theoretical data; and
                                        (V) mechanical behavior in unique
                                    environments, including the effects of
                                    radiation;
                              (ii) electrochemistry research and associated
                          techniques for processing nuclear materials;
                              (iii) the development of advanced
                          instrumentation and nuclear data collection to
                          inform the activities described in clauses (i) and
                          (ii); and
                              (iv) <<NOTE: Determination.>>  any other area
                          of research, as determined by the Director of the
                          Office of Science; and
                        (B) <<NOTE: Consultation.>>  the Assistant Secretary
                    for Nuclear Energy shall consult with the Director of
                    the Office of Science to support the direction of
                    translational research, development, and validation of
                    physical concepts developed under the program.
                (3) <<NOTE: Time period.>>  Funding.--Of the funds
            authorized to be appropriated for basic energy sciences in a
            fiscal year, there is authorized to be appropriated to the
            Secretary of Energy to carry out activities under this
            subsection $50,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2023 through
            2027.

        (e) Carbon Materials Science Initiative.--
                (1) Initiative.--
                        (A) In general.--The Director of the Office of
                    Science (referred to in this subsection as the
                    ``Director'') shall establish a research initiative, to
                    be known as the ``Carbon Materials Science Initiative''
                    (referred to in this subsection as the ``Initiative''),
                    to expand the fundamental knowledge of coal, coal-
                    wastes, and carbon ore chemistry useful for
                    understanding the conversion of carbon to material
                    products.
                        (B) Coordination.--In carrying out programs and
                    activities under the Initiative, the Director shall
                    leverage expertise and resources from the Office of
                    Fossil Energy and Carbon Management and the United
                    States Geological Survey.
                        (C) Teams.--
                              (i) In general.--In carrying out the
                          Initiative, the Director shall establish and
                          organize activities among multidisciplinary teams
                          to leverage, to the maximum extent practicable,
                          expertise from the National Laboratories,
                          institutions of higher education, and the private
                          sector.
                              (ii) Goals.--The multidisciplinary teams
                          described in clause (i) shall pursue expedient,
                          milestone-driven research goals established by the
                          Director.
                (2) Research program.--

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1417]]

                        (A) In general.--The Director shall carry out under
                    the Initiative a program to support, and discover
                    fundamental knowledge relevant to, carbon materials and
                    carbon ore processing research.
                        (B) <<NOTE: Coordination.>>  Activities.--As part of
                    the program described in subparagraph (A), the Director
                    shall, in coordination with the Assistant Secretary of
                    Energy for Fossil Energy and Carbon Management, as
                    appropriate, support research to pursue distinct lines
                    of scientific inquiry, including--
                              (i) methods of extraction, processing,
                          recycling, and utilization of the materials and
                          valuable minerals contained in raw coal and coal-
                          waste;
                              (ii) methods of improving performance, cost,
                          and availability of materials for use in carbon
                          capture systems; and
                              (iii) unconventional pathways and materials
                          for conversion of carbon dioxide molecules,
                          minerals, and materials.
                        (C) <<NOTE: Evaluation.>>  Review.--The Director
                    shall periodically review activities carried out under
                    the program described in subparagraph (A) to evaluate
                    the achievement of scientific objectives and research
                    milestones.
                        (D) Coordination with existing programs and
                    centers.--In carrying out the program described in
                    subparagraph (A), the Director shall--
                              (i) ensure coordination and knowledge sharing
                          with--
                                        (I) the United States Geological
                                    Survey; and
                                        (II) the programs and the Carbon
                                    Utilization Research Center established
                                    under section 969A of the Energy Policy
                                    Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 16298a); and
                              (ii) avoid duplication of efforts to the
                          maximum extent practicable.
                (3) Carbon materials research centers.--
                        (A) In general.--In carrying out the activities
                    authorized under paragraph (2), the Director shall
                    establish 1 center in each of the 2 major coal-producing
                    regions of the United States, each of which shall--
                              (i) be known as a ``Carbon Materials Research
                          Center'' (referred to in this paragraph as a
                          ``Center''); and
                              (ii) focus on early stage research and
                          development activities, including--
                                        (I) developing and advancing methods
                                    of extracting, processing, or recycling
                                    carbon or other valuable materials or
                                    minerals from raw coal, coal-waste, or
                                    other solid carbon materials, for the
                                    development of new carbon-based
                                    materials;
                                        (II) methods of improving the
                                    structural, physical, and chemical
                                    properties of carbon-based materials or
                                    other valuable materials from raw coal,
                                    coal-waste, or other solid carbon
                                    materials and their recyclability;

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1418]]

                                        (III) overcoming the challenges and
                                    maximizing the benefits of commercially
                                    extracting, producing, or improving
                                    coal-derived carbon and resulting
                                    products; and
                                        (IV) identifying novel pathways and
                                    materials for carbon storage and
                                    conversion into useful products.
                        (B) Selection.--The Director shall--
                              (i) select Centers under subparagraph (A) on a
                          competitive, merit-reviewed basis; and
                              (ii) consider applications from the National
                          Laboratories, institutions of higher education,
                          multi-institutional collaborations, and other
                          appropriate entities.
                        (C) Duration.--A Center shall receive support for a
                    period of not more than 5 years beginning on the date of
                    establishment of that Center, subject to the
                    availability of appropriations.
                        (D) <<NOTE: Time period.>>  Renewal.--On the
                    expiration of any period of support of a Center, the
                    Director may renew support for that Center, on a merit-
                    reviewed basis, for a period of not more than 5 years.
                        (E) Existing facilities.--The Director shall--
                              (i) ensure that the research activities
                          carried out by the Centers are not duplicative of
                          existing efforts; and
                              (ii) if practicable, leverage existing user
                          facilities and other capabilities of the
                          Department of Energy to carry out the research
                          objectives of the Centers.

        (f) Carbon Sequestration Research and Geologic Computational Science
    Initiative.--
                (1) Initiative.--
                        (A) In general.--The Secretary of Energy (referred
                    to in this subsection as the ``Secretary'') shall
                    establish a research initiative, to be known as the
                    ``Carbon Sequestration Research and Geologic
                    Computational Science Initiative'' (referred to in this
                    subsection as the ``Initiative''), to expand the
                    fundamental knowledge, data collection, data analysis,
                    and modeling of subsurface geology for the purpose of
                    advancing carbon sequestration in geologic formations.
                        (B) Leveraging.--In carrying out programs and
                    activities under the Initiative, the Secretary shall
                    leverage expertise and resources from the Office of
                    Fossil Energy and Carbon Management and the United
                    States Geological Survey.
                        (C) Teams.--
                              (i) In general.--In carrying out the
                          Initiative, the Secretary shall establish and
                          organize activities among multidisciplinary teams
                          to leverage, to the maximum extent practicable,
                          expertise from the National Laboratories,
                          institutions of higher education, and the private
                          sector.
                              (ii) Goals.--The multidisciplinary teams
                          described in clause (i) shall pursue aggressive,
                          milestone-driven research goals established by the
                          Secretary.

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1419]]

                        (D) Additional activities.--The Secretary may
                    organize additional activities under this subsection
                    through other organizational structures.
                (2) Research program.--
                        (A) In general.--The Secretary shall carry out under
                    the Initiative a program to support research needed for,
                    and discover knowledge relevant to, the sequestration of
                    carbon in geologic formations.
                        (B) Activities.--As part of the program described in
                    subparagraph (A), the Director of the Office of Science
                    shall support fundamental research to pursue distinct
                    lines of scientific inquiry, including--
                              (i) gathering geologic data for pore space
                          characterization, including improvements to
                          geologic seismic imaging;
                              (ii) evaluating pore space quality, including
                          evaluation of geologic samples, to determine
                          appropriate sequestration zones for carbon;
                              (iii) testing carbon sequestration;
                              (iv) monitoring carbon migration in geologic
                          formations;
                              (v) advancements in data analytics, including
                          the analysis of seismic data, and computational
                          science to improve the advanced computing,
                          visualization, and imaging of geologic formations
                          for the sequestration of carbon; and
                              (vi) predictive understanding of coupled
                          processes in complex subsurface geologic systems
                          for secure carbon storage.
                        (C) <<NOTE: Evaluation.>>  Review.--The Secretary
                    shall periodically review activities carried out under
                    the program described in subparagraph (A) to evaluate
                    achievement of scientific objectives and research
                    milestones.
                (3) Carbon storage research and geologic computational
            science centers.--
                        (A) In general.--In carrying out the activities
                    authorized under paragraph (2), the Secretary shall
                    select and establish not more than 2 carbon storage
                    research and geologic computational science centers
                    (referred to in this paragraph as a ``Center'') to
                    develop and advance improvements to data collection,
                    analysis, and modeling of subsurface geology for the
                    purpose of advancing carbon sequestration in geologic
                    formations.
                        (B) Selection.--
                              (i) In general.--The Secretary shall--
                                        (I) select Centers under
                                    subparagraph (A) on a competitive,
                                    merit-reviewed basis; and
                                        (II) to the maximum extent
                                    practicable, locate each Center in a
                                    geographically diverse region with
                                    established and ongoing geologic carbon
                                    sequestration research and
                                    demonstration.
                              (ii) Applications.--In selecting Centers under
                          subparagraph (A), the Secretary shall consider
                          applications from institutions of higher
                          education, multi-institutional collaborations, and
                          other appropriate entities.
                        (C) Duration.--

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1420]]

                              (i) New centers.--A Center established after
                          the date of enactment of this Act shall receive
                          support for a period of not more than 5 years
                          beginning on the date of establishment of that
                          Center, subject to the availability of
                          appropriations.
                              (ii) Existing centers.--A Center already in
                          existence on the date of enactment of this Act may
                          continue to receive support for a period of not
                          more than 5 years beginning on that date of
                          enactment.
                              (iii) Renewal.--On expiration of a period of
                          support described in clause (i) or (ii), the
                          Secretary may renew support for the Center, on a
                          merit-reviewed basis, for a period of not more
                          than 5 years.
                (4) Coordination with existing programs and centers.--In
            carrying out this subsection, the Secretary shall--
                        (A) ensure coordination with--
                              (i) the United States Geological Survey; and
                              (ii) the programs established under section
                          963 of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C.
                          16293); and
                        (B) avoid duplication of efforts to the maximum
                    extent practicable.

        (g) <<NOTE: Time period.>>  Funding for Carbon Initiatives.--Of the
    funds authorized to be appropriated for basic energy sciences in a
    fiscal year, there is authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary to
    carry out activities under subsections (e) and (f) $50,000,000 for each
    of fiscal years 2023 through 2027.
    SEC. 10103. BIOLOGICAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH.

        (a) Program; Biological Systems; Biomolecular Characterization and
    Imaging Science.--Section 306 of the Department of Energy Research and
    Innovation Act (42 U.S.C. 18644) is amended--
                (1) in subsection (c), by redesignating paragraphs (6)
            through (8) as paragraphs (5) through (7), respectively;
                (2) by redesignating subsections (b) through (d) as
            subsections (d) through (f), respectively;
                (3) by striking subsection (a) and inserting the following:

        ``(a) Program.--As part of the duties of the Director authorized
    under section 209 of the Department of Energy Organization Act (42
    U.S.C. 7139), and coordinated with the activities authorized under
    sections 303 and 304, the Director shall carry out a program of research
    and development in the areas of biological systems science and climate
    and environmental science, including subsurface science, relevant to the
    development of new energy technologies and to support the energy,
    environmental, and national security missions of the Department.
        ``(b) Biological Systems.--The Director shall carry out research and
    development activities in genomic science including fundamental research
    on plants and microbes to increase systems-level understanding of the
    complex biological systems, which may include activities--
                ``(1) to provide a fundamental understanding of the biology
            of plants, fungi, and microbes as a basis for developing
            innovative processes for bioenergy and bioproducts and
            accelerate breakthroughs and new knowledge that would enable the
            cost-effective, sustainable production of--

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1421]]

                        ``(A) advanced biofuels;
                        ``(B) bioenergy; and
                        ``(C) biobased materials;
                ``(2) to conduct foundational functional systems biology
            research--
                        ``(A) to support expanded biosystems design
                    research; and
                        ``(B) to understand--
                              ``(i) fundamental genome structure; and
                              ``(ii) phenomes, including functional genomics
                          of gene products at genome scale;
                ``(3) to develop biosystems designs and synthetic biology
            approaches for new nonfood plant-derived and microbially derived
            bioproducts as a basis for new bioeconomy and biotechnology
            applications in bioproducts production, resource recovery,
            recycling, and upcycling ventures;
                ``(4) to better understand the behavior of microbiomes in
            the environment and the interdependencies between plants and
            microbes in a sustainable ecosystem;
                ``(5) to improve fundamental understanding of plant and
            microbial processes impacting the global carbon cycle, including
            processes for removing carbon dioxide from the atmosphere,
            through photosynthesis and other biological processes, for
            sequestration, storage, and utilization;
                ``(6) to understand the microbiome mechanisms and microbiota
            used to transform, immobilize, or remove contaminants from
            subsurface environments and that affect the cycling and
            disposition of carbon, nutrients, and contaminants in the
            environment;
                ``(7) to develop the computational approaches and integrated
            platforms for open access collaborative science;
                ``(8) to leverage tools and approaches across the Office of
            Science to expand research to include novel processes, methods,
            and science to develop bio-based chemicals, polymers, inorganic
            materials, including research--
                        ``(A) to advance fungal, microbial, and plant
                    biosystems design research to advance the understanding
                    of how CRISPR tools and other gene editing tools and
                    technologies work in nature, in the laboratory, and in
                    practice;
                        ``(B) to deepen genome-enabled knowledge of the
                    roles of microbes and microbial communities, including
                    fungi, in--
                              ``(i) supporting plant and tree growth,
                          productivity, performance, adaptation, and
                          resilience in changing environmental conditions;
                          and
                              ``(ii) optimizing end uses of biomass;
                        ``(C) to develop biosystems design methods and tools
                    to increase the efficiency of photosynthesis in plants;
                    and
                        ``(D) to increase the scale and pace of
                    characterizing the functions and physical
                    characteristics of microbes and microbial communities to
                    improve biosystems design;
                ``(9) to conduct research focused on developing analysis
            techniques and simulation capabilities, including artificial
            intelligence and machine learning, on high-performance computing
            platforms to accelerate collaborative and reproducible systems
            biology research;

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1422]]

                ``(10) to develop and improve new technologies for
            bioimaging, measurement, and characterization purposes to
            understand the structural, spatial, and temporal relationships
            of metabolic processes governing phenotypic expression in plants
            and microbes;
                ``(11) to conduct research focused on genotype-to-phenotype
            translations to develop a predictive understanding of cellular
            function under a variety of relevant environmental and
            bioenergy-related conditions;
                ``(12) to conduct metagenomic and metadata assembly research
            sequencing and analysis; and
                ``(13) to develop other relevant methods and processes as
            determined by the Director.

        ``(c) Biomolecular Characterization and Imaging Science.--The
    Director shall carry out research and development activities in
    biomolecular characterization and imaging science, including development
    of new and integrative imaging and analysis platforms and biosensors to
    understand the expression, structure, and function of genome information
    encoded within cells and for real-time measurements in ecosystems and
    field sites of relevance to the mission of the Department.''; and
                (4) by adding at the end the following:

        ``(l) Definitions.--In this section:
                ``(1) Advanced biofuel.--The term `advanced biofuel' has the
            meaning given the term in section 9001 of the Farm Security and
            Rural Investment Act of 2002 (7 U.S.C. 8101).
                ``(2) Bioenergy.--The term `bioenergy' means energy derived
            from biofuels.
                ``(3) Biomass.--The term `biomass' has the meaning given the
            term in section 203(b) of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42
            U.S.C. 15852(b)).
                ``(4) Bioproduct.--The term `bioproduct' has the meaning
            given the term `biobased product' in section 9001 of the Farm
            Security and Rural Investment Act of 2002 (7 U.S.C. 8101).''.

        (b) Low-dose Radiation Research Program.--Paragraph (8) of
    subsection (e) of section 306 of the Department of Energy Research and
    Innovation Act (42 U.S.C. 18644), as redesignated by subsection (a)(2),
    is amended--
                (1) in subparagraph (C), by striking ``and'';
                (2) in subparagraph (D), by striking the period at the end
            and inserting a semicolon; and
                (3) by adding at the end the following:
                        ``(E) $40,000,000 for fiscal year 2025;
                        ``(F) $50,000,000 for fiscal year 2026; and
                        ``(G) $50,000,000 for fiscal year 2027.''.

        (c) Low-dose Radiation and Space Radiation Research Program.--
    Subsection (f) of section 306 of the Department of Energy Research and
    Innovation Act (42 U.S.C. 18644), as redesignated by subsection (a)(2),
    is amended to read as follows:
        ``(f) Low-dose Radiation and Space Radiation Research Program.--
                ``(1) <<NOTE: Consultation.>>  In general.--The Secretary,
            in consultation with the Administrator of the National
            Aeronautics and Space Administration, shall carry out a basic
            research program on the similarities and differences between the
            effects of exposure to low-dose radiation on Earth, in low Earth
            orbit, and in the space environment.

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1423]]

                ``(2) Purpose.--The purpose of the program described in
            paragraph (1) is to accelerate breakthroughs in low-dose and low
            dose-rate radiation research and development as described in
            subsection (e) and to inform the advancement of new tools,
            technologies, and advanced materials needed to facilitate long-
            duration space exploration.''.

        (d) Climate, Environmental Science, and Other Activities.--Section
    306 of the Department of Energy Research and Innovation Act (42 U.S.C.
    18644) (as amended by subsection (a)) is amended by inserting after
    subsection (f) the following:
        ``(g) Earth and Environmental Systems Sciences Activities.--
                ``(1) <<NOTE: Coordination.>>  In general.--As part of the
            activities authorized under subsection (a), and in coordination
            with activities carried out under subsection (b), the Director
            shall coordinate with the National Oceanic and Atmospheric
            Administration, the National Science Foundation, the
            Environmental Protection Agency, the National Aeronautics and
            Space Administration, the Department of Agriculture, the
            Department of the Interior, and any other relevant agencies to
            carry out activities relating to Earth and environmental systems
            science research, which may include activities--
                        ``(A) to understand, observe, measure, and model the
                    response of Earth's atmosphere and biosphere to changing
                    concentrations of greenhouse gas emissions and any
                    associated changes in climate, including frequency and
                    intensity of extreme weather events;
                        ``(B) to understand the coupled physical, chemical,
                    and biological processes to transform, immobilize,
                    remove, or move carbon, nitrogen, and other energy
                    production-derived contaminants such as radionuclides
                    and heavy metals, and understand the process of
                    sequestration and transformation of these, carbon
                    dioxide, and other relevant molecules in subsurface
                    environments;
                        ``(C) to understand, observe, and model the cycling
                    of water, carbon, and nutrients in terrestrial systems
                    across spatiotemporal scales;
                        ``(D) to understand the biological, biogeochemical,
                    and physical processes across the multiple scales that
                    control the flux of environmentally relevant compounds
                    between the terrestrial surface and the atmosphere; and
                        ``(E) to understand and predict interactions among
                    natural and human systems to inform potential mitigation
                    and adaptation options for increased concentrations of
                    greenhouse gas emissions and any associated changes in
                    climate.
                ``(2) Prioritization.--In carrying out the program
            authorized under paragraph (1), the Director shall prioritize--
                        ``(A) the development of software and algorithms to
                    enable the productive application of environmental
                    systems and extreme weather in climate and Earth system
                    prediction models in high-performance computing systems;
                    and
                        ``(B) capabilities that support the Department's
                    mission needs for energy and infrastructure security,
                    resilience, and reliability.
                ``(3) Environmental systems science research.--

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1424]]

                        ``(A) In general.--As part of the activities
                    described in paragraph (1), the Director shall carry out
                    research to advance an integrated, robust, and scale-
                    aware predictive understanding of environmental systems,
                    including the role of hydrobiogeochemistry, from the
                    subsurface to the top of the vegetative canopy that
                    considers effects of seasonal to interannual variability
                    and change.
                        ``(B) Clean water and watershed research.--As part
                    of the activities described in subparagraph (A), the
                    Director shall--
                              ``(i) support interdisciplinary research to
                          significantly advance our understanding of water
                          availability, quality, and the impact of human
                          activity and a changing climate on urban and rural
                          watershed systems, including in freshwater
                          environments;
                              ``(ii) <<NOTE: Consultation.>>  consult with
                          the Interagency Research, Development, and
                          Demonstration Coordination Committee on the Nexus
                          of Energy and Water for Sustainability established
                          under section 1010 of the Energy Act of 2020
                          (Public Law 116-260) on energy-water nexus
                          research activities;
                              ``(iii) engage with representatives of
                          research and academic institutions, nonprofit
                          organizations, State, territorial, local, and
                          Tribal governments, and industry, who have
                          expertise in technologies, technological
                          innovations, or practices relating to the energy-
                          water nexus, as applicable; and
                              ``(iv) <<NOTE: Coordination.>>  coordinate
                          with the National Oceanic and Atmospheric
                          Administration, the National Science Foundation,
                          the Environmental Protection Agency, the National
                          Aeronautics and Space Administration, the
                          Department of Agriculture, the Department of the
                          Interior, and any other relevant agency.
                        ``(C) Coordination.--
                              ``(i) Director.--The Director shall carry out
                          activities under this paragraph in accordance with
                          priorities established by the Secretary to support
                          and accelerate the decontamination of relevant
                          facilities managed by the Department.
                              ``(ii) Secretary.--The Secretary shall ensure
                          the coordination of activities of the Department,
                          including activities under this paragraph, to
                          support and accelerate the decontamination of
                          relevant facilities managed by the Department.
                ``(4) <<NOTE: Coordination.>>  Climate and earth modeling.--
            As part of the activities described in paragraph (1), the
            Director, in collaboration with the Advanced Scientific
            Computing Research program described in section 304 and other
            programs carried out by the Department, as applicable, and in
            coordination with the National Oceanic and Atmospheric
            Administration, the National Science Foundation, the National
            Aeronautics and Space Administration, and other relevant
            agencies, shall carry out research to develop, evaluate, and use
            high-resolution regional climate, global climate, Earth system,
            and other relevant models to inform decisions on reducing
            greenhouse gas emissions and the resulting impacts of a changing
            global climate. Such modeling shall include--

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1425]]

                        ``(A) integrated capabilities for modeling
                    multisectoral interactions, including the impacts of
                    climate policies on human systems and the
                    interdependencies and risks at the energy-water-land
                    nexus;
                        ``(B) greenhouse gas emissions, air quality, energy
                    supply and demand, and other critical elements; and
                        ``(C) interaction among human and Earth systems
                    informed by interdisciplinary research, including the
                    economic and social sciences.
                ``(5) Midscale funding mechanism.--
                        ``(A) In general.--Any of the activities authorized
                    in this subsection may be carried out, in lieu of
                    individual research grants--
                              ``(i) by competitively selected midscale,
                          multi-institutional research centers;
                              ``(ii) by large-scale experiments or user
                          facilities; or
                              ``(iii) through existing facilities and
                          systems of the Department or the National Oceanic
                          and Atmospheric Administration.
                        ``(B) <<NOTE: Recommenda- tions.>>  Consideration.--
                    The Biological and Environmental Research Advisory
                    Committee shall provide recommendations to the Director
                    on projects most suitable for the research centers
                    described in subparagraph (A).
                ``(6) <<NOTE: Coordination.>>  Atmospheric systems and
            sciences research program.--
                        ``(A) In general.--As part of the activities carried
                    out under paragraph (1), the Director shall carry out a
                    program, to be known as the `Atmospheric Systems and
                    Sciences Research Program', to use observations to
                    improve understanding of atmospheric processes, under
                    which the Director, in coordination, and as appropriate,
                    collaboration, with the National Oceanic and Atmospheric
                    Administration and other relevant Federal agencies
                    conducting research under the topics described in this
                    subparagraph, shall conduct research relating to--
                              ``(i) better understanding the atmosphere and
                          the interaction of the atmosphere with the surface
                          of the Earth;
                              ``(ii) understanding sources of uncertainty in
                          Earth system models, including with respect to the
                          interdependence of clouds, atmospheric aerosols,
                          radiation processes, and precipitation;
                              ``(iii) understanding the radiative balance
                          and hydrological cycle of Earth;
                              ``(iv) demonstrating the improved
                          predictability of regional and global atmospheric
                          models due to improved process-level
                          understanding;
                              ``(v) atmospheric regimes with large
                          uncertainties in earth system prediction, aerosol
                          processes, warm boundary-layer processes,
                          convective processes, and high-latitude processes;
                              ``(vi) reduced uncertainty and improved
                          simulation capability of earth system models of
                          the atmospheric system in a holistic,
                          comprehensive fashion; and
                              ``(vii) understanding and modeling
                          representation of priority research areas,
                          including aerosol, warm

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1426]]

                          boundary layer, convective, and high-latitude
                          processes.
                        ``(B) Activities.--In carrying out the Atmospheric
                    Systems and Sciences Research Program, the Director
                    shall, in coordination, and as appropriate, in
                    collaboration, with other relevant Federal agencies--
                              ``(i) collect data and conduct research to
                          advance atmospheric and Earth system modeling
                          capabilities;
                              ``(ii) develop or participate in existing or
                          future integrated, scalable test-beds that--
                                        ``(I) incorporate process-level
                                    understanding of the life cycles of
                                    aerosols, clouds, and precipitation; and
                                        ``(II) can be incorporated into
                                    other models;
                              ``(iii) improve data, analysis, and prediction
                          systems in marine, littoral, terrestrial, and
                          arctic environments, including those environments
                          sensitive to changes in the climate, relating to
                          the energy and science mission of the Department;
                          and
                              ``(iv) support the development of technologies
                          relating to--
                                        ``(I) more accurate cloud, aerosol,
                                    and other atmospheric sensors;
                                        ``(II) observing sensor networks;
                                    and
                                        ``(III) computational predictive
                                    modeling.
                        ``(C) Use of atmospheric radiation measurement
                    program facilities and infrastructure.--To support the
                    Atmospheric Systems and Sciences Research Program and,
                    in coordination, and as appropriate, in collaboration,
                    with the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
                    and other relevant Federal agencies, to improve
                    fundamental understanding of the physical and chemical
                    processes that impact the formation, life cycle, and
                    radiative impacts of cloud and aerosol particles,
                    atmospheric processes, and surface or subsurface
                    phenomena, the Director shall use the facilities and
                    infrastructure of the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement
                    User Facility, the Global Monitoring Laboratory of the
                    National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, or
                    other Earth and Environmental Systems Sciences User
                    Facilities--
                              ``(i) to provide support to environmental
                          scientists by collecting high-quality and well-
                          characterized in-situ, remote-sensing, and
                          aircraft observations of--
                                        ``(I) the microphysical properties
                                    of clouds and atmospheric aerosols;
                                        ``(II) the coincident and highly
                                    detailed dynamical and thermodynamic
                                    properties of the atmospheric
                                    environment that contains those clouds
                                    and aerosols;
                                        ``(III) the properties of
                                    precipitation;
                                        ``(IV) the properties of radiation
                                    and the background environment; and
                                        ``(V) the properties of surface or
                                    subsurface phenomena;
                              ``(ii) to carry out laboratory studies and
                          ground-based and airborne field campaigns to
                          target specific atmospheric and surface or
                          subsurface processes

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1427]]

                          relating to the energy and science mission of the
                          Department in different locations and across a
                          range of environments, including by developing
                          technologies to assist in advancing predictive
                          capabilities;
                              ``(iii) to build data sets that can be
                          incorporated into atmospheric models; and
                              ``(iv) to enhance observations by using
                          modeling and simulations that test the accuracy of
                          climate model parameterizations.

        ``(h) Biological and Environmental Research User Facilities.--
                ``(1) In general.--The Director shall carry out a program
            for the development, construction, operation, and maintenance of
            user facilities to enhance the collection and analysis of
            observational data related to complex biological, climate, and
            environmental systems.
                ``(2) Selection.--
                        ``(A) In general.--The Director shall select user
                    facilities under paragraph (1) on a competitive, merit-
                    reviewed basis.
                        ``(B) Applicants.--In selecting user facilities
                    under paragraph (1), the Director shall consider
                    applications from the National Laboratories,
                    institutions of higher education, multi-institutional
                    collaborations, and other appropriate entities.
                ``(3) Facility requirements.--To the maximum extent
            practicable, the user facilities developed, constructed,
            operated, or maintained under paragraph (1) shall include--
                        ``(A) distributed field research and observation
                    platforms for understanding earth system processes;
                        ``(B) analytical techniques, instruments, and
                    modeling resources, including high-throughput molecular
                    phenotyping, for understanding and predicting the
                    functional processes of biological and environmental
                    systems;
                        ``(C) integrated high-throughput sequencing,
                    advanced bioanalytic techniques, DNA design and
                    synthesis, metabolomics, and computational analysis; and
                        ``(D) such other facilities as the Director
                    considers appropriate, consistent with section 209 of
                    the Department of Energy Organization Act (42 U.S.C.
                    7139).
                ``(4) Existing facilities.--In carrying out the program
            established under paragraph (1), the Director is encouraged to
            evaluate the capabilities of existing user facilities and, to
            the maximum extent practicable, invest in modernization of those
            capabilities to address emerging research priorities.
                ``(5) Earth and environmental systems sciences user
            facilities.--In carrying out the program established under
            paragraph (1), the Director shall operate at least 1 user
            facility to advance the collection, validation, and analysis of
            atmospheric data, including through activities--
                        ``(A) to advance knowledge of the Earth and
                    environmental systems and improve model representations;
                    and
                        ``(B) to measure the impact of atmospheric gases,
                    aerosols, and clouds on the Earth and environmental
                    systems.
                ``(6) Microbial molecular phenotyping capability project.--

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1428]]

                        ``(A) In general.--The Secretary shall provide for
                    the expansion of the Environmental Molecular Sciences
                    Laboratory, or subsequent facility successor, to advance
                    high-throughput microbial plant and molecular
                    phenotyping capability to accelerate discovery of new
                    protein functions and metabolic pathways in microbial
                    systems.
                        ``(B) Capabilities.--In carrying out subparagraph
                    (A), the Secretary shall ensure the following
                    capabilities:
                              ``(i) Coupled high-throughput autonomous
                          experimental and multimodal analytical
                          capabilities.
                              ``(ii) Direct integration of automated
                          multiomics analyses, biomolecular and cellular
                          imaging, and functional biological assays with
                          high-throughput microbial culturing and
                          cultivation capabilities at timescales relevant to
                          biological processes under natural and perturbed
                          environmental conditions.
                        ``(C) Data coordination.--In carrying out
                    subparagraph (A), the Secretary shall ensure integration
                    and coordination with existing data platforms and user
                    facilities of the Department.
                        ``(D) <<NOTE: Deadline.>>  Start of operations.--
                    Subject to the availability of appropriations, the
                    Secretary shall begin carrying out subparagraph (A) not
                    later than September 29, 2027.
                        ``(E) Funding.--Of the funds authorized to be
                    appropriated under subsection (k) for a fiscal year,
                    there are authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary
                    to carry out this paragraph--
                              ``(i) $550,000 for fiscal year 2023;
                              ``(ii) $29,000,000 for fiscal year 2024;
                              ``(iii) $32,000,000 for fiscal year 2025;
                              ``(iv) $30,500,000 for fiscal year 2026; and
                              ``(v) $27,500,000 for fiscal year 2027.
                ``(7) User facilities integration and collaboration
            program.--
                        ``(A) In general.--The Director shall support a
                    program of collaboration between user facilities to
                    encourage and enable researchers to more readily
                    integrate the tools, expertise, resources, and
                    capabilities of multiple Office of Science user
                    facilities (as described in subsection (d) of section
                    209 of the Department of Energy Organization Act (42
                    U.S.C. 7139)) to further research and advance emerging
                    technologies.
                        ``(B) <<NOTE: Determination.>>  Activities.--The
                    program shall advance the integration of automation,
                    robotics, computational biology, bioinformatics,
                    biosensing, cellular platforms and other relevant
                    emerging technologies as determined by the Director to
                    enhance productivity and scientific impact of user
                    facilities.
                ``(8) Coordination.--In carrying out the program authorized
            under paragraph (1), the Director shall ensure that the Office
            of Science coordinates with--
                        ``(A) the National Oceanic Atmospheric
                    Administration, the Environmental Protection Agency, the
                    National Aeronautics and Space Administration, the
                    Department of Agriculture, the Department of the
                    Interior, and any other relevant Federal agency on the
                    collection, validation, and analysis of atmospheric
                    data; and

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1429]]

                        ``(B) relevant stakeholders, including institutions
                    of higher education, nonprofit research institutions,
                    industry, State, territorial, local, and Tribal
                    governments, and other appropriate entities to ensure
                    access to the best available relevant atmospheric and
                    historical weather data.

        ``(i) Terrestrial-aquatic Interface Research Initiative.--
                ``(1) In general.--The Director shall carry out a research
            program to enhance the understanding of terrestrial-aquatic
            interface. In carrying out the program, the Director shall
            prioritize efforts to enhance the collection of observational
            data, and shall develop models to analyze the natural and human
            processes that interact in littoral zones.
                ``(2) Littoral data collection system.--The Director shall
            establish an integrated system of geographically diverse field
            research sites in order to improve the scientific understanding
            and predictability of the major land water interfaces of the
            United States through improved data quantity and quality,
            including in--
                        ``(A) the Great Lakes region;
                        ``(B) the Pacific coast;
                        ``(C) the Atlantic coast;
                        ``(D) the Arctic;
                        ``(E) the Gulf coast; and
                        ``(F) the coasts of United States territories and
                    freely associated States.
                ``(3) Existing infrastructure.--In carrying out the programs
            and establishing the field research sites under paragraphs (1)
            and (2), the Secretary shall leverage existing research and
            development infrastructure supported by the Department,
            including the Department's existing marine and coastal research
            lab.
                ``(4) <<NOTE: Contracts.>>  Coordination.--For the purposes
            of carrying out the programs and establishing the field research
            sites under paragraphs (1) and (2), the Secretary may enter into
            agreements with Federal departments and agencies with
            complementary capabilities, including the National Oceanic and
            Atmospheric Administration and any other relevant Federal agency
            as appropriate.
                ``(5) Report.--Not earlier than 2 years after the date of
            enactment of the Research and Development, Competition, and
            Innovation Act, the Director shall provide to the Committee on
            Science, Space, and Technology, the Committee on Natural
            Resources, and the Committee on Appropriations of the House of
            Representatives, and the Committee on Energy and Natural
            Resources and the Committee on Appropriations of the Senate, a
            report examining whether the system described in paragraph (2)
            should be established as a National User Facility within the
            Department or as a research facility within another Federal
            agency.
                ``(6) Interoperability.--
                        ``(A) In general.--The Director shall ensure that
                    activities carried out under paragraphs (1) and (2),
                    including observation, data collection, monitoring, and
                    model development and enhancements, are interoperable
                    and may be integrated with existing related systems at
                    the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration and
                    other relevant Federal agencies, as practicable.

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1430]]

                        ``(B) Resources.--In carrying out subparagraph (A),
                    in support of interoperability, as practicable, the
                    Director may make available to other Federal agencies
                    high performance computing resources.
                        ``(C) NOAA.--The National Oceanic and Atmospheric
                    Administration shall integrate the data collected under
                    the programs carried out under paragraphs (1) and (2)
                    into relevant data systems and models, as practicable.

        ``(j) Engineered Ecosystems Initiative.--
                ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall establish within the
            Biological and Environmental Research program an initiative
            focused on the development of engineered ecosystems through the
            application of artificial intelligence, novel sensing
            capabilities, and other emerging technologies.
                ``(2) Interagency coordination.--The Secretary shall
            coordinate with the Director of the National Science Foundation,
            the Administrator of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric
            Administration, the Director of the U.S. Geological Survey, the
            Secretary of Agriculture, and other relevant officials to avoid
            duplication of research and observational activities and to
            ensure that activities carried out under the initiative
            established under paragraph (1) are complimentary to activities
            being undertaken by other agencies.
                ``(3) Report.--Not later than 180 days after the date of
            enactment of the Research and Development, Competition, and
            Innovation Act, the Secretary shall submit to the Committee on
            Science, Space, and Technology of the House of Representatives
            and the Committee on Energy and Natural Resources of the Senate
            a report on the activity authorized under this subsection.

        ``(k) <<NOTE: Time periods.>>  Authorization of Appropriations.--Out
    of funds authorized to be appropriated for the Office of Science in a
    fiscal year, there are authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary to
    carry out the activities described in this section--
                ``(1) $885,420,000 for fiscal year 2023;
                ``(2) $946,745,200 for fiscal year 2024;
                ``(3) $1,001,149,912 for fiscal year 2025;
                ``(4) $1,068,818,907 for fiscal year 2026; and
                ``(5) $1,129,948,041 for fiscal year 2027.''.

        (e) Bioenergy Research Centers.--Section 977 of the Energy Policy
    Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 16317) is amended by striking subsection (f) and
    inserting the following:
        ``(f) Bioenergy Research Centers.--
                ``(1) In general.--In carrying out the program under section
            306(a) of the Department of Energy Research and Innovation Act
            (42 U.S.C. 18644(a)), the Director shall support up to 6
            bioenergy research centers to conduct fundamental research in
            plant and microbial systems biology, biological imaging and
            analysis, and genomics, and to accelerate advanced research and
            development of advanced biofuels, bioenergy or biobased
            materials, chemicals, and products that are produced from a
            variety of regionally diverse feedstocks, and to facilitate the
            translation of research results to industry. The activities of
            the centers authorized under this subsection may include--
                        ``(A) accelerating the domestication of bioenergy-
                    relevant plants, microbes, and associated microbial
                    communities to enable high-impact, value-added coproduct

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1431]]

                    development at multiple points in the bioenergy supply
                    chain;
                        ``(B) developing the science and technological
                    advances to ensure process sustainability is considered
                    in the creation of advanced biofuels and bioproducts
                    from lignocellulosic biomass; and
                        ``(C) using the latest tools in genomics, molecular
                    biology, catalysis science, chemical engineering,
                    systems biology, and computational and robotics
                    technologies to sustainably produce and transform
                    biomass into advanced biofuels and bioproducts.
                ``(2) Selection and duration.--
                        ``(A) In general.--A center established under
                    paragraph (1) shall be selected on a competitive, merit-
                    reviewed basis for a period of not more than 5 years,
                    subject to the availability of appropriations, beginning
                    on the date of establishment of that center.
                        ``(B) Applications.--The Director shall consider
                    applications from National Laboratories, multi-
                    institutional collaborations, and other appropriate
                    entities.
                        ``(C) Existing centers.--A center already in
                    existence on the date of enactment of the Research and
                    Development, Competition, and Innovation Act may
                    continue to receive support for a period of not more
                    than 5 years beginning on the date of establishment of
                    that center.
                        ``(D) New centers.--The Director shall select any
                    new center pursuant to paragraph (1) on a competitive,
                    merit-reviewed basis, with special consideration for
                    applications from an institution of higher education (as
                    defined in section 101 of the Higher Education Act of
                    1965 (20 U.S.C. 1001)) that is located in an eligible
                    jurisdiction (as defined in section 2203(b)(3)(A) of the
                    Energy Policy Act of 1992 (42 U.S.C. 13503(b)(3)(A))).
                ``(3) <<NOTE: Time periods.>>  Renewal.--After the end of
            the applicable period described in paragraph (2), the Director
            may renew support for a center for a period of not more than 5
            years on a merit-reviewed basis. For a center in operation for
            10 years after its previous selection on a competitive, merit-
            reviewed basis, the Director may renew support for the center on
            a competitive, merit-reviewed basis for a period of not more
            than 5 years, and may subsequently provide an additional renewal
            on a merit-reviewed basis for a period of not more than 5 years.
                ``(4) Activities.--Centers shall undertake research
            activities to accelerate the production of advanced biofuels and
            bioproducts from biomass resources by identifying the most
            suitable species of plants for use as energy crops; and
            improving methods of breeding, propagation, planting, producing,
            harvesting, storage and processing. Activities may include the
            following:
                        ``(A) Research activities to increase
                    sustainability, including--
                              ``(i) advancing knowledge of how bioenergy
                          crop interactions with biotic and abiotic
                          environmental factors influence crop growth,
                          yield, and quality;
                              ``(ii) identifying the most impactful research
                          areas that address the economics of advanced
                          biofuels and bioproducts production; and

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1432]]

                              ``(iii) utilizing multiscale modeling to
                          advance predictive understanding of advanced
                          biofuel cropping ecosystems.
                        ``(B) Research activities to further feedstock
                    development, including lignocellulosic, algal, gaseous
                    wastes including carbon oxides and methane, and direct
                    air capture of single carbon gases via plants and
                    microbes, including--
                              ``(i) developing genetic and genomic tools,
                          high-throughput analytical tools, and biosystems
                          design approaches to enhance bioenergy feedstocks
                          and their associated microbiomes;
                              ``(ii) conducting field testing of new
                          potential bioenergy feedstock crops under
                          environmentally benign and geographically diverse
                          conditions to assess viability and robustness; and
                              ``(iii) developing quantitative models
                          informed by experimentation to predict how
                          bioenergy feedstocks perform under diverse
                          conditions.
                        ``(C) Research activities to improve lignocellulosic
                    deconstruction and separation methods, including--
                              ``(i) developing feedstock-agnostic
                          deconstruction processes capable of efficiently
                          fractionating biomass into targeted output
                          streams;
                              ``(ii) gaining a detailed understanding of
                          plant cell wall biosynthesis, composition,
                          structure, and properties during deconstruction;
                          and
                              ``(iii) improving enzymes and approaches for
                          biomass breakdown and cellulose, hemicellulose,
                          and lignin processing.
                        ``(D) Research activities to improve the feedstock
                    conversion process for advanced biofuels and
                    bioproducts, including--
                              ``(i) developing high-throughput methods to
                          screen or select high-performance microbial
                          strains and communities to improve product
                          formation rates, yields, and selectivity;
                              ``(ii) establishing a broad set of platform
                          microorganisms and microbial communities suitable
                          for metabolic engineering to produce advanced
                          biofuels and bioproducts and high-throughput
                          methods for experimental validation of gene
                          function;
                              ``(iii) developing techniques to enhance
                          microbial robustness for tolerating toxins to
                          improve advanced biofuel and bioproduct yields and
                          to gain a better understanding of the cellular and
                          molecular bases of tolerance for major chemical
                          classes of inhibitors found in these processes;
                              ``(iv) advancing technologies for the use of
                          batch, continuous, and consolidated bioprocessing;
                              ``(v) identifying, creating, and optimizing
                          microbial and chemical pathways to produce
                          promising, atom-economical intermediates and final
                          bioproducts from biomass with considerations given
                          to environmentally benign processes;
                              ``(vi) developing high-throughput, real-time,
                          in situ analytical techniques to understand and
                          characterize

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1433]]

                          the pre- and post-bioproduct separation streams in
                          detail;
                              ``(vii) creating methodologies for efficiently
                          identifying viable target molecules, identifying
                          high-value bioproducts in existing biomass
                          streams, and utilizing current byproduct streams;
                              ``(viii) identifying and improving plant
                          feedstocks with enhanced extractable levels of
                          desired bioproducts or bioproduct precursors,
                          including lignin streams; and
                              ``(ix) developing integrated biological and
                          chemical catalytic approaches to valorize and
                          produce a diverse portfolio of advanced biofuels
                          and bioproducts.
                ``(5) Industry partnerships.--Centers shall establish
            industry partnerships to translate research results to
            commercial applications.
                ``(6) Coordination.--In coordination with the Bioenergy
            Technologies Office of the Department, the Secretary shall
            support interdisciplinary research activities to improve the
            capacity, efficiency, resilience, security, reliability, and
            affordability, of the production and use of advanced biofuels
            and bioproducts, as well as activities to enable positive
            impacts and avoid the potential negative impacts that the
            production and use of advanced biofuels and bioproducts may have
            on ecosystems, people, and historically marginalized
            communities.
                ``(7) <<NOTE: Time period.>>  Funding.--Of the funds
            authorized to be appropriated under subsection (k) of section
            306 of the Department of Energy Research and Innovation Act (42
            U.S.C. 18644) for a fiscal year, there is authorized to be
            appropriated to the Secretary to carry out this subsection
            $30,000,000 per center established under paragraph (1) for each
            of fiscal years 2023 through 2027.
                ``(8) Definitions.--In this subsection:
                        ``(A) Advanced biofuel.--The term `advanced biofuel'
                    has the meaning given the term in section 9001 of the
                    Farm Security and Rural Investment Act of 2002 (7 U.S.C.
                    8101).
                        ``(B) Bioenergy.--The term `bioenergy' means energy
                    derived from biofuels.
                        ``(C) Biomass.--The term `biomass' has the meaning
                    given the term in section 203(b) of the Energy Policy
                    Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 15852(b)).
                        ``(D) Bioproduct.--The term `bioproduct' has the
                    meaning given the term `biobased product' in section
                    9001 of the Farm Security and Rural Investment Act of
                    2002 (7 U.S.C. 8101).''.
    SEC. 10104. ADVANCED SCIENTIFIC COMPUTING RESEARCH PROGRAM.

        (a) Advanced Scientific Computing Research.--Section 304 of the
    Department of Energy Research and Innovation Act (42 U.S.C. 18642) is
    amended--
                (1) <<NOTE: 15 USC 5501 note, 5541, 5542; 42 USC 16316,
            18642.>>  by redesignating subsections (a) through (c) as
            subsections (b) through (d), respectively;
                (2) by inserting before subsection (b), as so redesignated,
            the following:

        ``(a) <<NOTE: Coordination.>>  In General.--As part of the
    activities authorized under section 209 of the Department of Energy
    Organization Act (42 U.S.C. 7139), the Director shall carry out, in
    coordination with

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1434]]

    academia and relevant public and private sector entities, a research,
    development, and demonstration program--
                ``(1) to steward applied mathematics, computational science,
            and computer science research relevant to the missions of the
            Department and the competitiveness of the United States;
                ``(2) to develop modeling, simulation, and other
            computational tools relevant to other scientific disciplines and
            to the development of new energy technologies and other
            technologies;
                ``(3) to advance computing and networking capabilities for
            data-driven discovery; and
                ``(4) to develop advanced scientific computing hardware and
            software tools for science and engineering.'';
                (3) in subsection (c), as so redesignated--
                        (A) by striking ``The Director'' and inserting the
                    following:
                ``(1) Director.--The Director''; and
                        (B) by adding at the end the following:
                ``(2) <<NOTE: Determination.>>  Coordination.--The Under
            Secretary for Science shall ensure the coordination of the
            activities of the Department, including activities under this
            section, to determine and meet the computational and networking
            research and facility needs of the Office of Science and all
            other relevant energy technology and energy efficiency programs
            within the Department and with other Federal agencies as
            appropriate.'';
                (4) by amending subsection (d), as so redesignated, to read
            as follows:

        ``(d) Applied Mathematics and Software Development for High-End
    Computing Systems and Computer Sciences Research.--
                ``(1) In general.--The Director shall carry out activities
            to develop, test, and support--
                        ``(A) mathematics, statistics, and algorithms for
                    modeling complex systems relevant to the missions of the
                    Department, including on advanced computing
                    architectures; and
                        ``(B) tools, languages, programming environments,
                    and operations for high-end computing systems (as
                    defined in section 2 of the American Super Computing
                    Leadership Act of 2017 (15 U.S.C. 5541)).
                ``(2) Portfolio balance.--
                        ``(A) In general.--The Director shall maintain a
                    balanced portfolio within the advanced scientific
                    computing research and development program established
                    under section 976 of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42
                    U.S.C. 16316) that supports robust investment in--
                              ``(i) applied mathematical, computational, and
                          computer sciences research needs relevant to the
                          mission of the Department, including foundational
                          areas that are critical to the advancement of
                          energy sciences and technologies and new and
                          emerging computing technologies; and
                              ``(ii) associated high-performance computing
                          hardware and facilities.
                        ``(B) Exascale ecosystem sustainment.--
                              ``(i) Sense of congress.--It is the sense of
                          Congress that the Exascale Computing Project has
                          successfully created a broad ecosystem that
                          provides shared

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1435]]

                          software packages, novel evaluation systems, and
                          applications relevant to the science and
                          engineering requirements of the Department, and
                          that such products must be maintained and improved
                          in order that the full potential of the deployed
                          systems can be continuously realized.
                              ``(ii) Sustainment.--The Secretary shall seek
                          to sustain and evolve the ecosystem described in
                          clause (i) to ensure that the exascale software
                          stack and other research software will continue to
                          be maintained, hardened, and otherwise optimized
                          for long-term use on exascale systems and beyond
                          and reliable availability to the user
                          community.''; and
                (5) by adding at the end the following:

        ``(e) Advanced Computing Program.--
                ``(1) <<NOTE: Strategies.>>  In general.--The Secretary
            shall establish a program to develop and implement a strategy
            for achieving computing systems with capabilities beyond
            exascale computing systems. In establishing this program, the
            Secretary shall--
                        ``(A) maintain foundational research programs in
                    mathematical, computational, and computer sciences
                    focused on new and emerging computing needs within the
                    mission of the Department, including post-Moore's law
                    computing architectures, novel approaches to modeling
                    and simulation, artificial intelligence and scientific
                    machine learning, quantum computing, edge computing,
                    extreme heterogeneity, including potential quantum
                    accelerators, and distributed high-performance
                    computing;
                        ``(B) retain best practices and maintain support for
                    essential hardware, applications, and software elements
                    of the Exascale Computing Program that are necessary for
                    sustaining the vitality of a long-term capable software
                    ecosystem for exascale and beyond; and
                        ``(C) develop a Department-wide strategy for
                    balancing on-premises and cloud-based computing and
                    scientific data management.
                ``(2) Report.--Not later than 1 year after the date of
            enactment of the Research and Development, Competition, and
            Innovation Act, the Secretary shall submit to the Committee on
            Science, Space, and Technology of the House of Representatives
            and the Committee on Energy and Natural Resources of the Senate
            a report on the development and implementation of the strategy
            described in paragraph (1).

        ``(f) Guidance on Mitigation of Bias in High-performance Computing
    Capabilities.--In leveraging high-performance computing systems for
    research purposes, including through the use of machine learning
    algorithms for data analysis and artificial intelligence, the Secretary
    shall issue, and ensure adherence to, guidance for the Department, the
    National Laboratories, and users as to how those capabilities should be
    employed in a manner that mitigates and, to the maximum extent
    practicable, avoids harmful algorithmic bias.
        ``(g) Architectural Research in Heterogeneous Computing Systems.--
                ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall carry out a program
            of research and development in heterogeneous and reconfigurable
            computing systems to expand understanding of

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1436]]

            the potential for heterogeneous and reconfigurable computing
            systems to deliver high performance, high efficiency computing
            for Department mission challenges. The program shall include
            research and development that explores the convergence of big
            data analytics, simulations, and artificial intelligence to
            drive the design of heterogeneous computing system
            architectures.
                ``(2) Coordination.--In carrying out the program described
            in paragraph (1), the Secretary shall ensure coordination
            between research activities undertaken by the Advanced
            Scientific Computing Research program and materials research
            supported by the Basic Energy Sciences program within the Office
            of Science.

        ``(h) Energy Efficient Computing Program.--
                ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall support a program of
            fundamental research, development, and demonstration of energy
            efficient computing and data center technologies relevant to
            advanced computing applications, including high-performance
            computing, artificial intelligence, and scientific machine
            learning.
                ``(2) Execution.--
                        ``(A) Program.--In carrying out the program under
                    paragraph (1), the Secretary shall--
                              ``(i) establish a partnership for National
                          Laboratories, industry partners, and institutions
                          of higher education for codesign of energy
                          efficient hardware, technology, software, and
                          applications across all applicable program offices
                          of the Department, and provide access to energy
                          efficient computing resources to such partners;
                              ``(ii) develop hardware and software
                          technologies that decrease the energy needs of
                          advanced computing practices, including through
                          data center codesign;
                              ``(iii) consider multiple heterogeneous
                          computing architectures in collaboration with the
                          program established under subsection (g),
                          including neuromorphic computing, persistent
                          computing, and ultrafast networking; and
                              ``(iv) provide, as appropriate, on a
                          competitive, merit-reviewed basis, access for
                          researchers from institutions of higher education,
                          National Laboratories, industry, and other Federal
                          agencies to the energy efficient computing
                          technologies developed pursuant to clause (i).
                        ``(B) Selection of partners.--In selecting
                    participants for the partnership established under
                    subparagraph (A)(i), the Secretary shall select
                    participants through a competitive, merit review
                    process.
                        ``(C) Report.--Not later than 1 year after the date
                    of enactment of the Research and Development,
                    Competition, and Innovation Act, the Secretary shall
                    submit to the Committee on Science, Space, and
                    Technology of the House of Representatives and the
                    Committee on Energy and Natural Resources of the Senate
                    a report on--
                              ``(i) the activities conducted under
                          subparagraph (A); and

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1437]]

                              ``(ii) the coordination and management of the
                          program under subparagraph (A) to ensure an
                          integrated research program across the Department.

        ``(i) Energy Sciences Network.--
                ``(1) <<NOTE: Data.>>  In general.--The Secretary shall
            provide for upgrades to the Energy Sciences Network user
            facility in order to meet the research needs of the Department
            for highly reliable data transport capabilities optimized for
            the requirements of large-scale science.
                ``(2) Capabilities.--In carrying out paragraph (1), the
            Secretary shall ensure the following capabilities:
                        ``(A) To provide high bandwidth scientific
                    networking across the continental United States and the
                    Atlantic Ocean.
                        ``(B) To ensure network reliability.
                        ``(C) To protect the network infrastructure from
                    cyberattacks.
                        ``(D) To manage transport of exponentially
                    increasing levels of data from the Department's National
                    Laboratories and sites, user facilities, experiments,
                    and sensors.
                        ``(E) To contribute to the integration of
                    heterogeneous computing frameworks and systems.

        ``(j) Computational Science Graduate Fellowship.--
                ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall support the
            Computational Science Graduate Fellowship program in order to
            facilitate collaboration between graduate students and
            researchers at the National Laboratories, and contribute to the
            development of a diverse and inclusive computational workforce
            to help advance research in all areas of computational science
            relevant to the mission of the Department, including quantum
            computing.
                ``(2) <<NOTE: Time periods.>>  Funding.--Of the funds
            authorized to be appropriated for the Advanced Scientific
            Computing Research Program, there are authorized to be
            appropriated to the Secretary for carrying out activities under
            this subsection--
                        ``(A) $15,750,000 for fiscal year 2023;
                        ``(B) $16,537,500 for fiscal year 2024;
                        ``(C) $17,364,375 for fiscal year 2025;
                        ``(D) $18,232,594 for fiscal year 2026; and
                        ``(E) $19,144,223 for fiscal year 2027.

        ``(k) <<NOTE: Time periods.>>  Authorization of Appropriations.--Out
    of funds authorized to be appropriated for the Office of Science in a
    fiscal year, there are authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary to
    carry out the activities described in this section--
                ``(1) $1,126,950,000 for fiscal year 2023;
                ``(2) $1,194,109,500 for fiscal year 2024;
                ``(3) $1,265,275,695 for fiscal year 2025;
                ``(4) $1,340,687,843 for fiscal year 2026; and
                ``(5) $1,420,599,500 for fiscal year 2027.''.

        (b) Quantum Science Network.--
                (1) Definitions.--Section 2 of the National Quantum
            Initiative Act (15 U.S.C. 8801) is amended--
                        (A) by redesignating paragraph (7) as paragraph (8);
                    and
                        (B) by inserting after paragraph (6) the following:
                ``(7) Quantum network infrastructure.--The term `quantum
            network infrastructure' means any facility, expertise,

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1438]]

            or capability that is necessary to enable the development and
            deployment of scalable and diverse quantum network
            technologies.''.
                (2) Department of energy quantum network infrastructure
            research and development program.--
                        (A) In general.--Title IV of the National Quantum
                    Initiative Act (15 U.S.C. 8851 et seq.) is amended by
                    adding at the end the following:
    ``SEC. 403. <<NOTE: 15 USC 8853.>>  DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY QUANTUM
                            NETWORK INFRASTRUCTURE RESEARCH AND
                            DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM.

        ``(a) In General.--The Secretary of Energy (referred to in this
    section as the `Secretary') shall carry out a research, development, and
    demonstration program to accelerate innovation in quantum network
    infrastructure in order to--
                ``(1) facilitate the advancement of distributed quantum
            computing systems through the internet and intranet;
                ``(2) improve the precision of measurements of scientific
            phenomena and physical imaging technologies;
                ``(3) develop secure national quantum communications
            technologies and strategies;
                ``(4) demonstrate quantum networking utilizing the
            Department of Energy's Energy Sciences Network User Facility;
            and
                ``(5) advance the relevant domestic supply chains,
            manufacturing capabilities, and associated simulations or
            modeling capabilities.

        ``(b) Program.--In carrying out this section, the Secretary shall--
                ``(1) <<NOTE: Coordination.>>  coordinate with--
                        ``(A) the Director of the National Science
                    Foundation;
                        ``(B) the Director of the National Institute of
                    Standards and Technology;
                        ``(C) the Chair of the Subcommittee on Quantum
                    Information Science of the National Science and
                    Technology Council established under section 103(a); and
                        ``(D) the Chair of the Subcommittee on the Economic
                    and Security Implications of Quantum Science;
                ``(2) conduct cooperative research with industry, National
            Laboratories, institutions of higher education, and other
            research institutions to facilitate new quantum infrastructure
            methods and technologies, including--
                        ``(A) quantum-limited detectors, ultra-low loss
                    optical channels, space-to-ground connections, and
                    classical networking and cybersecurity protocols;
                        ``(B) entanglement and hyper-entangled state sources
                    and transmission, control, and measurement of quantum
                    states;
                        ``(C) quantum interconnects that allow short range
                    local connections between quantum processors;
                        ``(D) transducers for quantum sources and signals
                    between optical wavelength regimes, including
                    telecommunications regimes and quantum computer-relevant
                    domains, including microwaves;
                        ``(E) development of quantum memory buffers and
                    small-scale quantum computers that are compatible with
                    photon-based quantum bits in the optical or
                    telecommunications wavelengths;

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1439]]

                        ``(F) long-range entanglement distribution,
                    including allowing entanglement-based protocols between
                    small- and large scale quantum processors, at the
                    terrestrial and space-based level using quantum
                    repeaters and optical or laser communications;
                        ``(G) quantum routers, multiplexers, repeaters, and
                    related technologies necessary to create secure long-
                    distance quantum communication; and
                        ``(H) integration of systems across the quantum
                    technology stack into traditional computing networks,
                    including the development of remote controlled, high-
                    performance, and reliable implementations of key quantum
                    network components by leveraging the expertise,
                    infrastructure and supplemental investments at the
                    National Laboratories in the Energy Sciences Network
                    User Facility;
                ``(3) engage with the Quantum Economic Development
            Consortium and other organizations, as applicable, to transition
            component technologies to help facilitate as appropriate the
            development of a quantum supply chain for quantum network
            technologies;
                ``(4) advance basic research in advanced scientific
            computing, particle and nuclear physics, and material science to
            enhance the understanding, prediction, and manipulation of
            materials, processes, and physical phenomena relevant to quantum
            network infrastructure;
                ``(5) develop experimental tools and testbeds in
            collaboration with the Energy Sciences Network User Facility
            necessary to support cross-cutting fundamental research and
            development activities with diverse stakeholders from industry,
            National Laboratories, and institutions of higher education; and
                ``(6) consider quantum network infrastructure applications
            that span the Department of Energy's missions in energy,
            environment, and national security.

        ``(c) Leveraging.--In carrying out this section, the Secretary shall
    leverage resources, infrastructure, and expertise across the Department
    of Energy and from--
                ``(1) the National Institute of Standards and Technology;
                ``(2) the National Science Foundation;
                ``(3) the National Aeronautics and Space Administration;
                ``(4) other relevant Federal agencies;
                ``(5) the National Laboratories;
                ``(6) industry stakeholders;
                ``(7) institutions of higher education; and
                ``(8) the National Quantum Information Science Research
            Centers.

        ``(d) <<NOTE: Deadline. Time period.>>  Research Plan.--Not later
    than 180 days after the date of enactment of the Research and
    Development, Competition, and Innovation Act, the Secretary shall submit
    to the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology of the House of
    Representatives and the Committee on Energy and Natural Resources of the
    Senate a 4-year research plan that identifies and prioritizes basic
    research needs relating to quantum network infrastructure.

        ``(e) Standard of Review.--The Secretary shall review activities
    carried out under this section to determine the achievement of technical
    milestones.
        ``(f) <<NOTE: Time period.>>  Funding.--Of the funds authorized to
    be appropriated for the Department of Energy's Office of Science, there
    is authorized

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1440]]

    to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out the activities under
    this section $100,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2023 through 2027.
    ``SEC. 404. <<NOTE: 15 USC 8854.>>  DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY QUANTUM
                            USER EXPANSION FOR SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
                            PROGRAM.

        ``(a) In General.--The Secretary of Energy (referred to in this
    section as the `Secretary') shall establish and carry out a program, to
    be known as the `Quantum User Expansion for Science and Technology
    program' or `QUEST program', to encourage and facilitate access to
    United States quantum computing hardware and quantum computing clouds
    for research purposes--
                ``(1) to enhance the United States quantum research
            enterprise;
                ``(2) to educate the future quantum computing workforce;
                ``(3) to accelerate the advancement of United States quantum
            computing capabilities; and
                ``(4) to advance the relevant domestic supply chains,
            manufacturing processes, and associated simulations or modeling
            capabilities.

        ``(b) Program.--In carrying out this section, the Secretary shall--
                ``(1) <<NOTE: Coordination.>>  coordinate with--
                        ``(A) the Director of the National Science
                    Foundation;
                        ``(B) the Director of the National Institute of
                    Standards and Technology;
                        ``(C) the Chair of the Subcommittee on Quantum
                    Information Science of the National Science and
                    Technology Council established under section 103(a); and
                        ``(D) the Chair of the Subcommittee on the Economic
                    and Security Implications of Quantum Science;
                ``(2) provide researchers based within the United States
            with access to, and use of, United States quantum computing
            resources through a competitive, merit-reviewed process;
                ``(3) <<NOTE: Determination.>>  consider applications from
            the National Laboratories, multi-institutional collaborations,
            institutions of higher education, industry stakeholders, and any
            other entities that the Secretary determines are appropriate to
            provide national leadership on quantum computing related issues;
                ``(4) <<NOTE: Coordination.>>  coordinate with private
            sector stakeholders, the user community, and interagency
            partners on program development and best management practices;
            and
                ``(5) to the extent practicable, balance user access to
            commercial prototypes available for use across a broad class of
            applications and Federal research prototypes that enable
            benchmarking a wider variety of early-stage devices.

        ``(c) Leveraging.--In carrying out this section, the Secretary shall
    leverage resources and expertise across the Department of Energy and
    from--
                ``(1) the National Institute of Standards and Technology;
                ``(2) the National Science Foundation;
                ``(3) the National Aeronautics and Space Administration;
                ``(4) other relevant Federal agencies;
                ``(5) the National Laboratories;
                ``(6) industry stakeholders;
                ``(7) institutions of higher education; and

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1441]]

                ``(8) the National Quantum Information Science Research
            Centers.

        ``(d) <<NOTE: Consultation.>>  Security.--In carrying out the
    activities authorized by this section, the Secretary, in consultation
    with the Director of the National Science Foundation and the Director of
    the National Institute of Standards and Technology, shall ensure proper
    security controls are in place to protect sensitive information, as
    appropriate.

        ``(e) <<NOTE: Time periods.>>  Funding.--Of the funds authorized to
    be appropriated for the Department of Energy's Office of Science, there
    are authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out the
    activities under this section--
                ``(1) $30,000,000 for fiscal year 2023;
                ``(2) $31,500,000 for fiscal year 2024;
                ``(3) $33,075,000 for fiscal year 2025;
                ``(4) $34,728,750 for fiscal year 2026; and
                ``(5) $36,465,188 for fiscal year 2027.''.
                        (B) Clerical amendment.--The table of contents in
                    section 1(b) of the National Quantum Initiative Act
                    (Public Law 115-368; 132 Stat. 5092) is amended by
                    inserting after the item relating to section 402 the
                    following:

    ``Sec. 403. Department of Energy quantum network infrastructure research
               and development program.
    ``Sec. 404. Department of Energy quantum user expansion for science and
               technology program.''.

    SEC. 10105. FUSION ENERGY RESEARCH.

        (a) Fusion Energy Research.--Section 307 of the Department of Energy
    Research and Innovation Act (42 U.S.C. 18645) is amended--
                (1) in subsection (b)--
                        (A) in paragraph (2), by redesignating subparagraphs
                    (A) and (B) as clauses (i) and (ii), respectively, and
                    indenting appropriately;
                        (B) by redesignating paragraphs (1) and (2) as
                    subparagraphs (A) and (B), respectively, and indenting
                    appropriately;
                        (C) in the matter preceding subparagraph (A) (as so
                    redesignated), by striking ``As part of'' and inserting
                    the following:
                ``(1) In general.--As part of''; and
                        (D) by adding at the end the following:
                ``(2) <<NOTE: Time period.>>  Authorization of
            appropriations.--Out of funds authorized to be appropriated
            under subsection (q), there is authorized to be appropriated to
            the Secretary to carry out activities described in paragraph (1)
            $50,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2023 through 2027.'';
                (2) in subsection (d)(3)--
                        (A) by striking ``(o)'' and inserting ``(q)'';
                        (B) by striking ``subsection (d)'' and inserting
                    ``this subsection''; and
                        (C) by striking ``2025'' and inserting ``2027'';
                (3) in subsection (e)(4)--
                        (A) by striking ``(o)'' and inserting ``(q)'';
                        (B) by striking ``subsection (e)'' and inserting
                    ``this subsection''; and
                        (C) by striking ``2025'' and inserting ``2027'';
                (4) in subsection (i)(10)--
                        (A) in the matter preceding subparagraph (A)--

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1442]]

                              (i) by striking ``(o)'' and inserting ``(q)'';
                          and
                              (ii) by striking ``subsection (i)'' and
                          inserting ``this subsection'';
                        (B) in subparagraph (D), by striking ``and'' at the
                    end;
                        (C) in subparagraph (E), by striking the period at
                    the end and inserting a semicolon; and
                        (D) by adding at the end the following:
                        ``(F) $45,000,000 for fiscal year 2026; and
                        ``(G) $45,000,000 for fiscal year 2027.'';
                (5) by striking subsection (j) and inserting the following:

        ``(j) Fusion Reactor System Design.--
                ``(1) <<NOTE: Deadline.>>  In general.--Not later than 180
            days after the date of enactment of the Research and
            Development, Competition, and Innovation Act, the Director shall
            establish not less than 2 national teams described in paragraph
            (2) that shall--
                        ``(A) develop conceptual pilot plant designs and
                    technology roadmaps; and
                        ``(B) create an engineering design of a pilot plant
                    that will bring fusion to commercial viability.
                ``(2) National teams.--A national team referred to in
            paragraph (1) shall--
                        ``(A) be composed of developers, manufacturers,
                    universities, National Laboratories, and representatives
                    of the engineering, procurement, and construction
                    industries; and
                        ``(B) include public-private partnerships.
                ``(3) <<NOTE: Time periods.>>  Authorization of
            appropriations.--Of the funds authorized to be appropriated for
            Fusion Energy Sciences in a fiscal year, there are authorized to
            be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out this subsection--
                        ``(A) $35,000,000 for fiscal year 2023;
                        ``(B) $50,000,000 for fiscal year 2024;
                        ``(C) $65,000,000 for fiscal year 2025;
                        ``(D) $80,000,000 for fiscal year 2026; and
                        ``(E) $80,000,000 for fiscal year 2027.'';
                (6) by redesignating subsection (o) as subsection (r);
                (7) by inserting after subsection (n) the following:

        ``(o) High-performance Computation Collaborative Research Program.--
                ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall carry out a program
            to conduct and support collaborative research, development, and
            demonstration of fusion energy technologies, through high-
            performance computation modeling and simulation techniques, in
            order--
                        ``(A) to support fundamental research in plasmas and
                    matter at very high temperatures and densities;
                        ``(B) to inform the development of a broad range of
                    fusion energy systems; and
                        ``(C) to facilitate the translation of research
                    results in fusion energy science to industry.
                ``(2) Coordination.--In carrying out the program under
            paragraph (1), the Secretary shall coordinate with relevant
            Federal agencies, and prioritize the following objectives:
                        ``(A) To use expertise from the private sector,
                    institutions of higher education, and the National
                    Laboratories to leverage existing, and develop new,
                    computational software and capabilities that prospective
                    users may use to

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1443]]

                    accelerate research and development of fusion energy
                    systems.
                        ``(B) To develop computational tools to simulate and
                    predict fusion energy science phenomena that may be
                    validated through physical experimentation.
                        ``(C) To increase the utility of the research
                    infrastructure of the Department by coordinating with
                    the Advanced Scientific Computing Research program
                    within the Office of Science.
                        ``(D) To leverage experience from existing modeling
                    and simulation entities sponsored by the Department.
                        ``(E) To ensure that new experimental and
                    computational tools are accessible to relevant research
                    communities, including private sector entities engaged
                    in fusion energy technology development.
                        ``(F) To ensure that newly developed computational
                    tools are compatible with modern virtual engineering and
                    visualization capabilities to accelerate the realization
                    of fusion energy technologies and systems.
                ``(3) <<NOTE: Coordination.>>  Duplication.--The Secretary
            shall ensure the coordination of, and avoid unnecessary
            duplication of, the activities of the program under paragraph
            (1) with the activities of--
                        ``(A) other research entities of the Department,
                    including the National Laboratories, the Advanced
                    Research Projects Agency--Energy, and the Advanced
                    Scientific Computing Research program within the Office
                    of Science; and
                        ``(B) industry.
                ``(4) High-performance computing for fusion innovation
            center.--
                        ``(A) <<NOTE: Coordination.>>  In general.--In
                    carrying out the program under paragraph (1), the
                    Secretary shall, in coordination with the Innovation
                    Network for Fusion Energy, establish and operate a
                    national High-Performance Computing for Fusion
                    Innovation Center (referred to in this paragraph as the
                    `Center'), to support the program under paragraph (1) by
                    providing, to the extent practicable, a centralized
                    entity for multidisciplinary, collaborative, fusion
                    energy research and development through high-performance
                    computing and advanced data analytics technologies and
                    processes.
                        ``(B) Eligible entities.--An entity eligible to
                    serve as the Center shall be--
                              ``(i) a National Laboratory;
                              ``(ii) an institution of higher education;
                              ``(iii) a multi-institutional collaboration;
                          or
                              ``(iv) any other entity that the Secretary
                          determines to be appropriate.
                        ``(C) Application; selection.--
                              ``(i) Application.--To be eligible to serve as
                          the Center, an eligible entity shall submit to the
                          Secretary an application at such time, in such
                          manner, and containing such information as the
                          Secretary may require.
                              ``(ii) Selection.--The Secretary shall select
                          the Center on a competitive, merit-reviewed basis.

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1444]]

                        ``(D) Existing activities.--The Center may
                    incorporate existing research activities that are
                    consistent with the program under paragraph (1).
                        ``(E) Priorities.--
                              ``(i) In general.--The Center shall prioritize
                          activities that utilize expertise and
                          infrastructure from a balance among the private
                          sector, institutions of higher education, and the
                          National Laboratories to enhance existing
                          computation tools and develop new computational
                          software and capabilities to accelerate the
                          commercial application of fusion energy systems.
                              ``(ii) <<NOTE: Contracts.>>  Maintenance of
                          resource availability.--The Secretary may enter
                          into contracts with commercial cloud computing
                          providers to ensure that resource availability
                          within the Department is not reduced or
                          disproportionately distributed as a result of
                          Center activities.
                        ``(F) Duration.--Subject to subparagraph (G), the
                    Center shall receive support for a period of not more
                    than 5 years, subject to the availability of
                    appropriations.
                        ``(G) <<NOTE: Time period.>>  Renewal.--On the
                    expiration of the period of support of the Center under
                    subparagraph (F), the Secretary may renew support for
                    the Center, on a merit-reviewed basis, for a period of
                    not more than 5 years.

        ``(p) Material Plasma Exposure Experiment.--
                ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall construct a Material
            Plasma Exposure Experiment facility as described in the 2020
            publication approved by the Fusion Energy Sciences Advisory
            Committee entitled `Powering the Future: Fusion and Plasmas'.
            The Secretary shall <<NOTE: Consultation.>>  consult with the
            private sector, institutions of higher education, National
            Laboratories, and relevant Federal agencies to ensure that the
            facility is capable of meeting Federal research needs for steady
            state, high-heat-flux, and plasma-material interaction testing
            of fusion materials over a range of fusion energy relevant
            parameters.
                ``(2) Facility capabilities.--The Secretary shall ensure
            that the facility described in paragraph (1) will provide the
            following capabilities:
                        ``(A) A magnetic field at the target of 1 Tesla.
                        ``(B) An energy flux at the target of 10 MW/m\2\.
                        ``(C) The ability to expose previously irradiated
                    plasma facing material samples to plasma.
                ``(3) <<NOTE: Deadline.>>  Start of operations.--The
            Secretary shall, subject to the availability of appropriations,
            ensure that the start of full operations of the facility
            described in paragraph (1) occurs before December 31, 2027.
                ``(4) <<NOTE: Time periods.>>  Funding.--Of the funds
            authorized to be appropriated for Fusion Energy Sciences, there
            are authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary for the
            Office of Fusion Energy Sciences to complete construction of the
            facility described in paragraph (1)--
                        ``(A) $21,895,000 for fiscal year 2023; and
                        ``(B) $3,800,000 for fiscal year 2024.

        ``(q) Matter in Extreme Conditions Instrument Upgrade.--
                ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall provide for the
            upgrade to the Matter in Extreme Conditions endstation at the
            Linac Coherent Light Source as described in the 2020

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1445]]

            publication approved by the Fusion Energy Sciences Advisory
            Committee entitled `Powering the Future: Fusion and Plasmas'.
            The Secretary shall consult <<NOTE: Consultation.>>  with the
            private sector, institutions of higher education, National
            Laboratories, and relevant Federal agencies to ensure that this
            facility is capable of meeting Federal research needs for
            understanding physical and chemical changes to plasmas at
            fundamental timescales, and explore new regimes of dense
            material physics, astrophysics, planetary physics, and short-
            pulse laser-plasma interactions.
                ``(2) <<NOTE: Deadline.>>  Start of operations.--The
            Secretary shall, subject to the availability of appropriations,
            ensure that the start of full operations of the facility
            described in paragraph (1) occurs before December 31, 2028.'';
            and
                (8) in subsection (r) (as so redesignated)--
                        (A) by striking ``There'' and inserting ``Out of
                    funds authorized to be appropriated for the Office of
                    Science in a fiscal year, there''; and
                        (B) by striking paragraphs (3) through (5) and
                    inserting the following:
                ``(3) $1,025,500,400 for fiscal year 2023;
                ``(4) $1,043,489,724 for fiscal year 2024;
                ``(5) $1,053,266,107 for fiscal year 2025;
                ``(6) $1,047,962,074 for fiscal year 2026; and
                ``(7) $1,114,187,798 for fiscal year 2027.''.

        (b) ITER Construction.--Section 972(c)(3) of the Energy Policy Act
    of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 16312(c)(3)) is amended--
                (1) in subparagraph (A), by striking ``and'' at the end; and
                (2) by striking subparagraph (B) and inserting the
            following:
                        ``(B) $379,700,000 for fiscal year 2023;
                        ``(C) $419,250,000 for fiscal year 2024;
                        ``(D) $415,000,000 for fiscal year 2025;
                        ``(E) $370,500,000 for fiscal year 2026; and
                        ``(F) $411,078,000 for fiscal year 2027.''.
    SEC. 10106. HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS PROGRAM.

        (a) Program.--Section 305 of the Department of Energy Research and
    Innovation Act (42 U.S.C. 18643) is amended--
                (1) by redesignating subsections (b) through (d) as
            subsections (d) through (f), respectively; and
                (2) by inserting after subsection (a) the following:

        ``(b) Program.--As part of the activities authorized under section
    209 of the Department of Energy Organization Act (42 U.S.C. 7139), the
    Director shall carry out a research program in elementary particle
    physics and advanced technology research and development to improve the
    understanding of the fundamental properties of the universe, including
    constituents of matter and energy and the nature of space and time.
        ``(c) High Energy Frontier Research.--As part of the program
    described in subsection (b), the Director shall carry out research using
    high energy accelerators and advanced detectors, including accelerators
    and detectors that will function as national user facilities, to create
    and study interactions of elementary particles and investigate
    fundamental forces.''.
        (b) International Collaboration.--Section 305 of the Department of
    Energy Research and Innovation Act (42 U.S.C.

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1446]]

    18643) is amended by striking subsection (d) (as redesignated by
    subsection (a)(1)) and inserting the following:
        ``(d) International Collaboration.--The Director shall--
                ``(1) <<NOTE: Coordination.>>  as practicable and in
            coordination with other appropriate Federal agencies as
            necessary, ensure the access of United States researchers to the
            most advanced accelerator facilities and research capabilities
            in the world, including the Large Hadron Collider;
                ``(2) to the maximum extent practicable, continue to
            leverage United States participation in the Large Hadron
            Collider, and prioritize expanding international partnerships
            and investments in the Long-Baseline Neutrino Facility and Deep
            Underground Neutrino Experiment; and
                ``(3) to the maximum extent practicable, prioritize
            engagement in collaborative efforts in support of future
            international facilities that would provide access to the most
            advanced accelerator facilities in the world to United States
            researchers.''.

        (c) Cosmic Frontier Research.--Section 305 of the Department of
    Energy Research and Innovation Act (42 U.S.C. 18645) is amended by
    striking subsection (f) (as redesignated by subsection (a)(1)) and
    inserting the following:
        ``(f) Cosmic Frontier Research.--The Director shall carry out
    research activities on the nature of the primary contents of the
    universe, including the nature of dark energy and dark matter. These
    activities shall, to the maximum extent practicable, be consistent with
    the research priorities identified by the High Energy Physics Advisory
    Panel or the National Academy of Sciences, and may include--
                ``(1) collaborations with the National Aeronautics and Space
            Administration, the National Science Foundation, or
            international partners on relevant projects; and
                ``(2) the development of space-based, land-based, water-
            based, and underground facilities and experiments.''.

        (d) Further Activities.--Section 305 of the Department of Energy
    Research and Innovation Act (42 U.S.C. 18645) (as amended by subsection
    (c)), is amended by adding at the end the following:
        ``(g) Facility Construction and Major Items of Equipment.--
                ``(1) Projects.--Consistent with the Office of Science's
            project management practices, the Director shall, to the maximum
            extent practicable, by incorporating the findings and
            recommendations of the 2014 Particle Physics Project
            Prioritization Panel (P5) report entitled `Building for
            Discovery', support construction or fabrication of--
                        ``(A) an international Long-Baseline Neutrino
                    Facility based in the United States;
                        ``(B) the Proton Improvement Plan II;
                        ``(C) Second Generation Dark Matter experiments;
                        ``(D) the Legacy Survey of Space and Time camera;
                        ``(E) upgrades to detectors and other components of
                    the Large Hadron Collider; and
                        ``(F) the Cosmic Microwave Background Stage 4
                    project; and
                        ``(G) other high priority projects recommended in
                    the most recent report of the Particle Physics Project
                    Prioritization Panel of the High Energy Physics Advisory
                    Panel.

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1447]]

                ``(2) Long-baseline neutrino facility.--
                        ``(A) In general.--The Secretary shall support
                    construction of a Long-Baseline Neutrino Facility to
                    facilitate the international Deep Underground Neutrino
                    Experiment to examine the fundamental properties of
                    neutrinos, explore physics beyond the Standard Model,
                    and better clarify the existence and nature of
                    antimatter.
                        ``(B) Facility capabilities.--The Secretary shall
                    ensure that the facility described in subparagraph (A)
                    will provide, at a minimum, the following capabilities:
                              ``(i) A neutrino beam with wideband capability
                          of 1.2 megawatts of beam power and upgradable to
                          2.4 megawatts of beam power.
                              ``(ii) 3 caverns excavated for a 70 kiloton
                          fiducial detector mass and supporting surface
                          buildings and utilities.
                              ``(iii) Cryogenic systems to support neutrino
                          detectors.
                        ``(C) <<NOTE: Deadline.>>  Start of operations.--The
                    Secretary shall, subject to the availability of
                    appropriations, ensure that the start of full operations
                    of the facility described in subparagraph (A) occurs
                    before December 31, 2031.
                        ``(D) <<NOTE: Time periods.>>  Funding.--Out of
                    funds authorized to be appropriated under subsection
                    (k), there are authorized to be appropriated to the
                    Secretary to carry out construction of the project
                    described in subparagraph (A)--
                              ``(i) $180,000,000 for fiscal year 2023;
                              ``(ii) $255,000,000 for fiscal year 2024;
                              ``(iii) $305,000,000 for fiscal year 2025;
                              ``(iv) $305,000,000 for fiscal year 2026; and
                              ``(v) $305,000,000 for fiscal year 2027.
                ``(3) Proton improvement plan-ii accelerator upgrade
            project.--
                        ``(A) In general.--The Secretary shall support
                    construction of the Proton Improvement Plan II, an
                    upgrade to the Fermilab accelerator complex identified
                    in the 2014 Particle Physics Project Prioritization
                    Panel (P5) report entitled `Building for Discovery', to
                    provide the world's most intense beam of neutrinos to
                    the international Long Baseline Neutrino Facility and to
                    carry out a broad range of future high energy physics
                    experiments. The Secretary shall work with international
                    partners to enable further significant contributions to
                    the capabilities of that project.
                        ``(B) Facility capabilities.--The Secretary shall
                    ensure that the facility described in subparagraph (A)
                    will provide, at a minimum, the following capabilities:
                              ``(i) A state-of-the-art 800 megaelectron volt
                          superconducting linear accelerator.
                              ``(ii) Proton beam power of 1.2 megawatts at
                          the start of LBNF/DUNE, upgradeable to 2.4
                          megawatts of beam power.
                              ``(iii) A flexible design to enable high power
                          beam delivery to multiple users simultaneously and
                          customized beams tailored to specific scientific
                          needs.
                              ``(iv) Sustained high reliability operation of
                          the Fermilab accelerator complex.

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1448]]

                        ``(C) <<NOTE: Deadline.>>  Start of operations.--The
                    Secretary shall, subject to the availability of
                    appropriations, ensure that the start of full operations
                    of the facility described in subparagraph (A) occurs
                    before December 31, 2028.
                        ``(D) Funding.--Out of funds authorized to be
                    appropriated under subsection (k), there are authorized
                    to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out
                    construction of the facility described in subparagraph
                    (A)--
                              ``(i) $130,000,000 for fiscal year 2023;
                              ``(ii) $120,000,000 for fiscal year 2024;
                              ``(iii) $120,000,000 for fiscal year 2025;
                              ``(iv) $115,000,000 for fiscal year 2026; and
                              ``(v) $110,000,000 for fiscal year 2027.
                ``(4) Cosmic microwave background stage 4.--
                        ``(A) In general.--The Secretary, in partnership
                    with the Director of the National Science Foundation,
                    shall support construction of the Cosmic Microwave
                    Background Stage 4 project to survey the cosmic
                    microwave background to test theories of cosmic
                    inflation as described in the 2014 Particle Physics
                    Prioritization Panel (P5) report entitled `Building for
                    Discovery: Strategic Plan for U.S. Particle Physics in
                    the Global Context.'.
                        ``(B) Consultation.--The Secretary shall consult
                    with the private sector, institutions of higher
                    education, National Laboratories, and relevant Federal
                    agencies to ensure that the project described in
                    subparagraph (A) is capable of meeting Federal research
                    needs in accessing the ultra-high energy physics of
                    inflation and important neutrino properties.
                        ``(C) Experimental capabilities.--The Secretary
                    shall ensure to the maximum extent practicable that the
                    facility described in subparagraph (A) will provide, at
                    a minimum, 500,000 superconducting detectors deployed on
                    an array of millimeter-wave telescopes with the required
                    range in frequency, sensitivity, and survey speed that
                    will provide sufficient capability to enable an order of
                    magnitude advance in observations of the Cosmic
                    Microwave Background, delivering transformative
                    discoveries in fundamental physics, cosmology, and
                    astrophysics.
                        ``(D) <<NOTE: Deadline.>>  Start of operations.--The
                    Secretary shall, subject to the availability of
                    appropriations, ensure that the start of full operations
                    of the facility described in subparagraph (A) occurs
                    before December 31, 2030.
                        ``(E) <<NOTE: Time periods.>>  Funding.--Out of
                    funds authorized to be appropriated under subsection
                    (k), there are authorized to be appropriated to the
                    Secretary to carry out construction of the facility
                    described in subparagraph (A)--
                              ``(i) $10,000,000 for fiscal year 2023;
                              ``(ii) $25,000,000 for fiscal year 2024;
                              ``(iii) $60,000,000 for fiscal year 2025;
                              ``(iv) $80,000,000 for fiscal year 2026; and
                              ``(v) $80,000,000 for fiscal year 2027.

        ``(h) Accelerator and Detector Upgrades.--The Director shall upgrade
    accelerator facilities and detectors, as necessary and appropriate, to
    increase beam power, sustain high reliability, and improve precision
    measurement to advance the highest priority particle physics research
    programs. In carrying out facility

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1449]]

    upgrades, the Director shall continue to work with international
    partners, when appropriate and in the United States' interest, to
    leverage investments and expertise in critical technologies to help
    build and upgrade accelerator and detector facilities in the United
    States.
        ``(i) Accelerator and Detector Research and Development.--As part of
    the program <<NOTE: Coordination.>>  described in subsection (b), the
    Director shall carry out research and development in particle beam
    physics, accelerator science and technology, and particle and radiation
    detection with relevance to the specific needs of the High Energy
    Physics program, in coordination with the Accelerator Research and
    Development program authorized under section 310.

        ``(j) Underground Science.--The Director shall--
                ``(1) support an underground science program consistent with
            the missions of the Department and the scientific needs of the
            High Energy Physics program, including those articulated in the
            most recent report of the Particle Physics Project
            Prioritization Panel of the High Energy Physics Advisory Panel,
            that leverages the capabilities of relevant underground science
            and engineering facilities;
                ``(2) <<NOTE: Grants.>>  carry out a competitive grant
            program to award scientists and engineers at institutions of
            higher education, nonprofit institutions, and National
            Laboratories to conduct research in underground science and
            engineering; and
                ``(3) <<NOTE: Reports.>>  submit to the Committee on Energy
            and Natural Resources of the Senate and the Committee on
            Science, Space, and Technology of the House of Representatives a
            report on the inventory of underground mines in the United
            States that may be suitable for future development of
            underground science and engineering facilities and any
            anticipated challenges associated with repurposing, repair,
            facility siting, or construction.

        ``(k) <<NOTE: Time periods.>>  Authorization of Appropriations.--Out
    of funds authorized to be appropriated for the Office of Science in a
    fiscal year, there are authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary to
    carry out the activities described in this section--
                ``(1) $1,159,520,000 for fiscal year 2023;
                ``(2) $1,289,891,200 for fiscal year 2024;
                ``(3) $1,428,284,672 for fiscal year 2025;
                ``(4) $1,499,881,752 for fiscal year 2026; and
                ``(5) $1,554,874,657 for fiscal year 2027.''.
    SEC. 10107. NUCLEAR PHYSICS PROGRAM.

        Section 308 of the Department of Energy Research and Innovation Act
    (Public Law 115-246; 132 Stat. 3150) <<NOTE: 42 USC 18646.>>  is amended
    to read as follows:
    ``SEC. 308. NUCLEAR PHYSICS.

        ``(a) Program.--As part of the activities authorized under section
    209 of the Department of Energy Organization Act (42 U.S.C. 7139), the
    Director shall carry out a research program, and support relevant
    facilities, to discover and understand various forms of nuclear matter.
        ``(b) Electron Ion Collider.--
                ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall support construction
            of an Electron Ion Collider as described in the 2015 Long Range
            Plan of the Nuclear Science Advisory Committee and the report
            from the National Academies of Science, Engineering, and
            Medicine entitled `An Assessment of U.S.-Based Electron-

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1450]]

            Ion Collider Science', in order to measure the internal
            structure of the proton and the nucleus and answer fundamental
            questions about the nature of visible matter.
                ``(2) Facility capability.--The Secretary shall ensure that
            the facility described in paragraph (1) meets the requirements
            in the 2015 Long Range Plan described in that paragraph,
            including--
                        ``(A) at least 70 percent polarized beams of
                    electrons and light ions;
                        ``(B) ion beams from deuterium to the heaviest
                    stable nuclei;
                        ``(C) variable center of mass energy from 20 to 140
                    GeV;
                        ``(D) high collision luminosity of
                    10<SUP>33-34</SUP>cm<SUP>-2</SUP>s<SUP>-1</SUP>; and
                        ``(E) the possibility of more than 1 interaction
                    region.
                ``(3) <<NOTE: Deadline.>>  Start of operations.--The
            Secretary shall, subject to the availability of appropriations,
            ensure that the start of full operations of the facility under
            this subsection occurs before December 31, 2030.
                ``(4) <<NOTE: Time period.>>  Funding.--Out of funds
            authorized to be appropriated under subsection (c), there are
            authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out
            construction of the facility under this subsection--
                        ``(A) $90,000,000 for fiscal year 2023;
                        ``(B) $181,000,000 for fiscal year 2024;
                        ``(C) $219,000,000 for fiscal year 2025;
                        ``(D) $297,000,000 for fiscal year 2026; and
                        ``(E) $301,000,000 for fiscal year 2027.

        ``(c) <<NOTE: Time period.>>  Authorization of Appropriations.--Out
    of funds authorized to be appropriated for the Office of Science in a
    fiscal year, there are authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary to
    carry out the activities described in this section--
                ``(1) $840,480,000 for fiscal year 2023;
                ``(2) $976,508,800 for fiscal year 2024;
                ``(3) $1,062,239,328 for fiscal year 2025;
                ``(4) $1,190,833,688 for fiscal year 2026; and
                ``(5) $1,248,463,709 for fiscal year 2027.''.
    SEC. 10108. SCIENCE LABORATORIES INFRASTRUCTURE PROGRAM.

        Section 309 of the Department of Energy Research and Innovation Act
    (42 U.S.C. 18647) is amended by adding at the end the following:
        ``(c) <<NOTE: Determination.>>  Approach.--In carrying out the
    program under subsection (a), the Director shall use all available
    approaches and mechanisms, as the Secretary determines to be
    appropriate, including--
                ``(1) capital line items;
                ``(2) minor construction projects;
                ``(3) energy savings performance contracts;
                ``(4) utility energy service contracts;
                ``(5) alternative financing; and
                ``(6) expense funding.

        ``(d) <<NOTE: Time period. List.>>  Submission to Congress.--For
    each fiscal year through fiscal year 2027, at the same time as the
    annual budget submission of the President, the Secretary shall submit to
    the Committee on Appropriations and the Committee on Energy and Natural
    Resources of the Senate and the Committee on Appropriations and the
    Committee on Science, Space, and Technology of the House

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1451]]

    of Representatives a list of projects for which the Secretary will
    provide funding under this section, including a description of each
    project and the funding profile for the project.

        ``(e) Authorization of Appropriations.--Out of funds authorized to
    be appropriated for the Office of Science in a fiscal year, there is
    authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out the
    activities described in this section $550,000,000 for each of fiscal
    years 2023 through 2027.''.
    SEC. 10109. ACCELERATOR RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT.

        The Department of Energy Research and Innovation Act (42 U.S.C.
    18601 et seq.) is amended by adding at the end the following:
    ``SEC. 310. <<NOTE: 42 USC 18648.>>  ACCELERATOR RESEARCH AND
                            DEVELOPMENT.

        ``(a) Program.--As part of the activities authorized under section
    209 of the Department of Energy Organization Act (42 U.S.C. 7139), the
    Director shall carry out a research program--
                ``(1) to advance accelerator science and technology relevant
            to the Department, other Federal agencies, and United States
            industry;
                ``(2) to foster partnerships to develop, demonstrate, and
            enable the commercial application of accelerator technologies;
                ``(3) to support the development of a skilled, diverse, and
            inclusive accelerator workforce; and
                ``(4) to provide access to accelerator design and
            engineering resources.

        ``(b) Accelerator Research.--In carrying out the program authorized
    under subsection (a), the Director shall support--
                ``(1) research activities in cross-cutting accelerator
            technologies including superconducting magnets and accelerators,
            beam physics, data analytics-based accelerator controls,
            simulation software, new particle sources, advanced laser
            technology, and transformative research; and
                ``(2) optimal operation of the Accelerator Test Facility.

        ``(c) Accelerator Development.--In carrying out the program
    authorized under subsection (a), the Director shall support partnerships
    to foster the development, demonstration, and commercial application of
    accelerator technologies, including advanced superconducting wire and
    cable, superconducting RF cavities, and high efficiency radiofrequency
    power sources for accelerators.
        ``(d) Research Collaborations.--In developing accelerator
    technologies under the program authorized under subsection (a), the
    Director shall--
                ``(1) consider the requirements necessary to support
            translational research and development for medical, industrial,
            security, and defense applications; and
                ``(2) leverage investments in accelerator technologies and
            fundamental research in particle physics by partnering with
            institutions of higher education, industry, and other Federal
            agencies to enable the commercial application of advanced
            accelerator technologies.

        ``(e) <<NOTE: Time periods.>>  Authorization of Appropriations.--Out
    of funds authorized to be appropriated for the Office of Science in a
    fiscal year, there are authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary to
    carry out the activities described in this section--
                ``(1) $19,080,000 for fiscal year 2023;
                ``(2) $20,224,800 for fiscal year 2024;
                ``(3) $21,438,288 for fiscal year 2025;

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1452]]

                ``(4) $22,724,585 for fiscal year 2026; and
                ``(5) $24,088,060 for fiscal year 2027.''.
    SEC. 10110. ISOTOPE RESEARCH, DEVELOPMENT, AND PRODUCTION.

        (a) In General.--The Department of Energy Research and Innovation
    Act (42 U.S.C. 18601 et seq.) is amended by adding after section 310 (as
    added by section 10109) the following:
    ``SEC. 311. <<NOTE: 42 USC 18649.>>  ISOTOPE RESEARCH,
                            DEVELOPMENT, AND PRODUCTION.

        ``(a) Definition of Critical Radioactive and Stable Isotope.--
                ``(1) In general.--In this section, the term `critical
            radioactive and stable isotope' means a radioactive and stable
            isotope--
                        ``(A) the domestic commercial production of which is
                    unavailable or inadequate to satisfy the demand of
                    research, medical, industrial, or related industries in
                    the United States; and
                        ``(B) the supply of which is augmented through--
                              ``(i) Department production; or
                              ``(ii) foreign suppliers.
                ``(2) Exclusion.--In this section, the term `critical
            radioactive and stable isotope' does not include the medical
            isotope molybdenum-99, the production and supply of which is
            addressed in the American Medical Isotopes Production Act of
            2012 (Public Law 112-239; 126 Stat. 2211) (including the
            amendments made by that Act).

        ``(b) Program.--The Director shall--
                ``(1) <<NOTE: Coordination.>>  carry out, in coordination
            with other relevant programs across the Department, a program--
                        ``(A) <<NOTE: Determination.>>  for the production
                    of critical radioactive and stable isotopes, including
                    the development of techniques to produce isotopes, that
                    the Secretary determines are needed and of sufficient
                    quality and quantity for research, medical, industrial,
                    or related purposes;
                        ``(B) for the production of critical radioactive and
                    stable isotopes that are in short supply or projected to
                    be in short supply in the future, including byproducts,
                    surplus materials, and related isotope services;
                        ``(C) to maintain and enhance the infrastructure
                    required to produce and supply critical radioactive and
                    stable isotope products and related services;
                        ``(D) to conduct research and development on new and
                    improved isotope production and processing techniques
                    that can make critical radioactive and stable isotopes
                    available for research and application as soon as
                    possible while assisting in workforce development;
                        ``(E) to reduce domestic dependency on the foreign
                    supply of critical radioactive and stable isotopes to
                    ensure national preparedness; and
                        ``(F) to the maximum extent practicable, in
                    accordance with--
                              ``(i) evidence-based reports, such as the 2015
                          report of the Nuclear Science Advisory Committee
                          entitled `Meeting Isotope Needs and Capturing
                          Opportunities for the Future'; and
                              ``(ii) assessments of isotope supply chains,
                          including the assessment described in paragraph
                          (3),

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1453]]

                          any reports submitted pursuant to subsection (d),
                          and other current and future assessments;
                ``(2) ensure that isotope production activities carried out
            under this subsection are consistent with the statement of
            policy entitled `Policies and Procedures for Transfer of
            Commercial Radioisotope Production and Distribution to Private
            Industry' (30 Fed. Reg. 3247 (March 9, 1965));
                ``(3) <<NOTE: Assessment. Consultation.>>  assess the
            domestic requirements of current and emerging critical
            radioactive and stable isotopes and associated applications,
            including by consulting end-users, to identify areas that may
            require Federal investment for expedited development of domestic
            production capacity for those isotopes, including through
            public-private partnerships, as appropriate;
                ``(4) ensure that actions taken by the Department do not
            interfere with, delay, compete with, or otherwise adversely
            affect efforts by the private sector to make available or
            otherwise facilitate the supply of critical radioactive and
            stable isotopes, including efforts under existing agreements
            between the Department or contractors of the Department and the
            private sector; and
                ``(5) <<NOTE: Coordination. Assessment.>>  in coordination
            with the Assistant Secretary for Nuclear Energy, assess options
            for demonstrating the production of critical radioactive and
            stable isotopes in research, test, or commercial nuclear
            reactors and accelerators, including reactors and accelerators
            operated at universities.

        ``(c) Advisory Committee.--
                ``(1) <<NOTE: Deadline. Establishment.>>  In general.--Not
            later than 90 days after the date of enactment of this section,
            the Secretary shall establish an advisory committee (referred to
            in this subsection as the `committee') in alignment with the
            program established under subsection (b)--
                        ``(A) to carry out the activities previously
                    executed as part of the Isotope Subcommittee of the
                    Nuclear Science Advisory Committee; and
                        ``(B) to provide expert advice and assistance to the
                    Director in carrying out that program.
                ``(2) Report.--
                        ``(A) <<NOTE: Updates.>>  In general.--Not later
                    than 1 year after the committee is established, the
                    committee shall--
                              ``(i) update the 2015 Nuclear Science Advisory
                          Committee Isotopes Subcommittee Report entitled
                          `Meeting Isotope Needs and Capturing Opportunities
                          for the Future'; and
                              ``(ii) periodically update that report
                          thereafter as needed.
                        ``(B) <<NOTE: Assessments.>>  Inclusions.--An
                    updated report under subparagraph (A) shall include an
                    assessment of--
                              ``(i) current demand in the United States for
                          critical radioactive and stable isotopes;
                              ``(ii) the impact of continued reliance on
                          foreign supply of critical radioactive and stable
                          isotopes;
                              ``(iii) proposed mitigation strategies,
                          including increasing domestic production sources
                          for critical radioactive and stable isotopes,
                          that--
                                        ``(I) are not commercially
                                    available; or
                                        ``(II) are commercially produced in
                                    quantities that are not sufficient--

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1454]]

                                                ``(aa) to satisfy domestic
                                            demand; and
                                                ``(bb) to minimize
                                            production constraints and
                                            supply disruptions to the United
                                            States healthcare and industrial
                                            isotope industries;
                              ``(iv) current facilities, including upgrades
                          to those facilities, and new facilities needed to
                          meet domestic critical isotope needs; and
                              ``(v) workforce development needs.
                ``(3) Nonduplication.--The committee shall work in alignment
            with, and shall not duplicate the efforts of, preexisting
            advisory committees that are advising the program established
            under subsection (b).
                ``(4) FACA.--The committee shall be subject to the Federal
            Advisory Committee Act (5 U.S.C. App.).

        ``(d) Report.--
                ``(1) <<NOTE: Time periods.>>  In general.--Not later than
            the end of the first fiscal year beginning after the date of
            enactment of this section, and biennially thereafter, the
            Secretary of Energy Advisory Board shall submit to the
            Committees on Energy and Natural Resources and Environment and
            Public Works of the Senate and the Committees on Science, Space,
            and Technology and Energy and Commerce of the House of
            Representatives a report describing the progress made under the
            program established under subsection (b) during the preceding 2
            fiscal years.
                ``(2) Inclusions.--Each report under paragraph (1) shall
            include--
                        ``(A) <<NOTE: Assessment.>>  an updated assessment
                    of any critical radioactive and stable isotope shortages
                    in the United States;
                        ``(B) a description of--
                              ``(i) any disruptions in the international
                          supply of critical radioactive and stable isotopes
                          during the preceding 2 fiscal years; and
                              ``(ii) the impact of those disruptions on
                          related activities; and
                        ``(C)(i) <<NOTE: Time period.>>  a projection of
                    anticipated disruptions in the international supply, or
                    supply constraints, of critical radioactive and stable
                    isotopes during the next 2 fiscal years; and
                        ``(ii) the anticipated impact of those disruptions
                    or constraints, as applicable, on related domestic
                    activities.

        ``(e) Authorization of Appropriations.--Out of funds authorized to
    be appropriated for the Office of Science in a fiscal year, there are
    authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out this
    section--
                ``(1) $175,708,000 for fiscal year 2023;
                ``(2) $196,056,480 for fiscal year 2024;
                ``(3) $215,759,869 for fiscal year 2025;
                ``(4) $200,633,461 for fiscal year 2026; and
                ``(5) $146,293,469 for fiscal year 2027.''.

        (b) Demonstration of Isotope Production.--Section 952(a) of the
    Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 16272(a)) is amended--
                (1) by redesignating paragraph (2) as paragraph (4) and
            moving the paragraph so as to appear after paragraph (3); and
                (2) by inserting after paragraph (1) the following:
                ``(2) Isotope demonstration evaluation.--

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1455]]

                        ``(A) <<NOTE: Deadline.>>  In general.--Not later
                    than 1 year after the date of enactment of the Research
                    and Development, Competition, and Innovation Act, the
                    Secretary, acting through the Assistant Secretary for
                    Nuclear Energy, shall evaluate the technical and
                    economic feasibility of the establishment of an isotope
                    demonstration subprogram of the program established
                    under paragraph (1) to support the development and
                    commercial demonstration of critical radioactive and
                    stable isotope production in existing commercial nuclear
                    power plants.
                        ``(B) Consultation.--The Secretary, acting through
                    the Assistant Secretary for Nuclear Energy, shall
                    consult with the Director of the Office of Science in
                    carrying out the evaluation under subparagraph (A).
                        ``(C) Definition of critical radioactive and stable
                    isotope.--In this paragraph, the term `critical
                    radioactive and stable isotope' has the meaning given
                    the term in section 311(a) of the Department of Energy
                    Research and Innovation Act.''.

        (c) <<NOTE: 42 USC 18649 note.>>  Radioisotope Processing
    Facility.--
                (1) In general.--The Secretary of Energy (referred to in
            this subsection as ``the Secretary'') shall construct a
            radioisotope processing facility to provide for the growing
            radiochemical processing capability needs associated with the
            production of critical radioactive isotopes authorized under
            section 311 of the Department of Energy Research and Innovation
            Act.
                (2) Funding.--Out of funds authorized to be appropriated
            under section 311(e) of the Department of Energy Research and
            Innovation Act, there are authorized to be appropriated to the
            Secretary to carry out this subsection--
                        (A) $30,500,000 for fiscal year 2023;
                        (B) $75,000,000 for fiscal year 2024;
                        (C) $105,000,000 for fiscal year 2025;
                        (D) $83,000,000 for fiscal year 2026; and
                        (E) $43,000,000 for fiscal year 2027.

        (d) Stable Isotope Production and Research Center.--
                (1) In general.--The Secretary of Energy (referred to in
            this subsection as ``the Secretary'') shall establish a stable
            isotope production and research center--
                        (A) to expand the ability of the United States to
                    perform multiple stable isotope production campaigns at
                    large-scale production, as authorized under section 311
                    of the Department of Energy Research and Innovation Act;
                        (B) to mitigate the dependence of the United States
                    on foreign-produced stable isotopes;
                        (C) to promote economic resilience; and
                        (D) to conduct research and development on stable
                    isotope production and associated methods and
                    technology.
                (2) <<NOTE: Time periods.>>  Funding.--Out of funds
            authorized to be appropriated under section 311(e) of the
            Department of Energy Research and Innovation Act, there are
            authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out this
            subsection--
                        (A) $74,400,000 for fiscal year 2023;
                        (B) $46,000,000 for fiscal year 2024;
                        (C) $31,200,000 for fiscal year 2025;
                        (D) $33,300,000 for fiscal year 2026; and
                        (E) $13,900,000 for fiscal year 2027.

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1456]]

    SEC. 10111. INCREASED COLLABORATION WITH TEACHERS AND SCIENTISTS.

        (a) In General.--The Department of Energy Research and Innovation
    Act (42 U.S.C. 18601 et seq.) is amended by adding after section 311 (as
    added by section 10110), the following:
    ``SEC. 312. <<NOTE: 42 USC 18650.>>  INCREASED COLLABORATION WITH
                            TEACHERS AND SCIENTISTS.

        ``The Director shall support the development of a scientific
    workforce through programs that facilitate collaboration between and
    among teachers at elementary schools and secondary schools served by
    local educational agencies, students at institutions of higher
    education, early-career researchers, faculty at institutions of higher
    education, and the National Laboratories, including through the use of
    proven techniques to expand the number of individuals from
    underrepresented groups pursuing and attaining skills or undergraduate
    and graduate degrees relevant to the mission of the Office of
    Science.''.
        (b) Authorization of Appropriations.--Section 3169 of the Department
    of Energy Science Education Enhancement Act (42 U.S.C. 7381e) is
    amended--
                (1) by striking ``There are'' and inserting ``Out of funds
            authorized to be appropriated for the Office of Science of the
            Department of Energy in a fiscal year, there are''; and
                (2) by striking ``fiscal year 1991'' and inserting ``each of
            fiscal years 2023 through 2027''.

        (c) Broadening Participation in Workforce Development for Teachers
    and Scientists.--
                (1) In general.--The Department of Energy Science Education
            Enhancement Act is amended by inserting after section 3167 (42
            U.S.C. 7381c-1) the following:
    ``SEC. 3167A. <<NOTE: 42 USC 7381c-2.>>  BROADENING PARTICIPATION
                                FOR TEACHERS AND SCIENTISTS.

        ``(a) In General.--The Secretary shall--
                ``(1) expand opportunities to increase the number of highly
            skilled science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM)
            professionals working in disciplines relevant to the mission of
            the Department; and
                ``(2) broaden the recruitment pool to increase participation
            from Historically Black Colleges or Universities (as defined in
            section 3167B(f)), Hispanic-serving institutions (as defined in
            that section), Tribal Colleges or Universities (as defined in
            that section), minority-serving institutions (as defined in that
            section), institutions in eligible jurisdictions (as defined in
            that section), emerging research institutions, community
            colleges, and scientific societies in those disciplines.

        ``(b) <<NOTE: Deadline. Public information.>>  Plan.--Not later than
    1 year after the date of enactment of the Research and Development,
    Competition, and Innovation Act, the Secretary shall submit to the
    Committee on Science, Space, and Technology of the House of
    Representatives and the Committees on Energy and Natural Resources and
    Commerce, Science, and Transportation of the Senate and make available
    to the public a plan for broadening participation of underrepresented
    groups in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics in programs
    supported by the Department, including--

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1457]]

                ``(1) a plan for supporting relevant Federal research award
            grantees and leveraging the National Science Foundation INCLUDES
            National Network and relevant partnerships, including
            partnerships maintained by other Federal research agencies;
                ``(2) metrics for assessing the participation of
            underrepresented groups in programs supported by the Department;
                ``(3) experienced and potential barriers to broadening
            participation of underrepresented groups in programs supported
            by the Department, including recommended solutions; and
                ``(4) any other activities the Secretary determines
            appropriate.

        ``(c) Authorization of Appropriations.--Of the amounts authorized to
    be appropriated under section 3169, not less than $2,000,000 is
    authorized to be appropriated each fiscal year for the activities
    described in this section.
    ``SEC. 3167B. <<NOTE: 42 USC 7381c-3.>>  EXPANDING OPPORTUNITIES
                                FOR HIGHLY SKILLED SCIENCE,
                                TECHNOLOGY, ENGINEERING, AND
                                MATHEMATICS (STEM) PROFESSIONALS.

        ``(a) In General.--The Secretary shall--
                ``(1) expand opportunities and increase the number of highly
            skilled science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM)
            professionals working in disciplines relevant to the mission of
            the Department; and
                ``(2) broaden the recruitment pool to increase participation
            from and expand partnerships with Historically Black Colleges or
            Universities, Hispanic serving institutions, Tribal Colleges or
            Universities, minority-serving institutions, institutions in
            eligible jurisdictions, emerging research institutions,
            community colleges, and scientific societies in those
            disciplines.

        ``(b) Plan and Outreach Strategy.--
                ``(1) Plan.--
                        ``(A) <<NOTE: Deadline. Time period.>>  In
                    general.--Not later than 180 days after the date of
                    enactment of the Research and Development, Competition,
                    and Innovation Act, the Secretary shall submit to the
                    Committee on Science, Space, and Technology of the House
                    of Representatives and the Committee on Energy and
                    Natural Resources of the Senate a 10-year educational
                    plan to fund and expand new or existing programs
                    administered by the Office of Science and sited at the
                    National Laboratories and Department user facilities to
                    expand educational and workforce development
                    opportunities for underrepresented individuals,
                    including--
                              ``(i) high school, undergraduate, and graduate
                          students; and
                              ``(ii) recent graduates, teachers, and faculty
                          in STEM fields.
                        ``(B) Contents.--The plan under subparagraph (A) may
                    include paid internships, fellowships, temporary
                    employment, training programs, visiting student and
                    faculty programs, sabbaticals, and research support.
                ``(2) Outreach capacity.--The Secretary shall include in the
            plan under paragraph (1) an outreach strategy to improve the
            advertising, recruitment, and promotion of educational and
            workforce development programs to community colleges,
            Historically Black Colleges or Universities, Hispanic-serving

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1458]]

            institutions, Tribal Colleges or Universities, minority-serving
            institutions, institutions in eligible jurisdictions, and
            emerging research institutions.

        ``(c) Building Research Capacity.--
                ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall develop programs that
            strengthen the research capacity relevant to Office of Science
            disciplines at emerging research institutions, including
            minority-serving institutions, Tribal Colleges or Universities,
            Historically Black Colleges or Universities, institutions in
            eligible jurisdictions (as defined in section 2203(b)(3)(A) of
            the Energy Policy Act of 1992 (42 U.S.C. 13503(b)(3)(A))),
            institutions in communities with dislocated workers who were
            previously employed in manufacturing, energy production,
            including coal power plants, and mineral and material mining,
            and other institutions of higher education.
                ``(2) Inclusions.--The programs developed under paragraph
            (1) may include--
                        ``(A) enabling mutually beneficial and jointly
                    managed partnerships between research-intensive
                    institutions and emerging research institutions; and
                        ``(B) soliciting research proposals, fellowships,
                    training programs, and research support directly from
                    emerging research institutions.

        ``(d) Traineeships.--
                ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall establish a
            university-led Traineeship Program to address workforce
            development needs in STEM fields relevant to the Department.
                ``(2) Focus.--The focus of the Traineeship Program
            established under paragraph (1) shall be on--
                        ``(A) supporting workforce development and research
                    experiences for underrepresented undergraduate and
                    graduate students; and
                        ``(B) increasing participation from underrepresented
                    populations.
                ``(3) Inclusion.--The traineeships under the Traineeship
            Program established under paragraph (1) shall include
            opportunities to build the next-generation workforce in research
            areas critical to maintaining core competencies across the
            programs of the Office of Science.

        ``(e) Evaluation.--
                ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall establish key
            performance indicators to measure and monitor progress of
            education and workforce programs and expand Departmental
            activities for data collection and analysis.
                ``(2) <<NOTE: Time period. Summary.>>  Report.--Not later
            than 2 years after the date of enactment of the Research and
            Development, Competition, and Innovation Act, and every 2 years
            thereafter, the Secretary shall submit to the Committee on
            Science, Space, and Technology and the Committee on Education
            and Labor of the House of Representatives and the Committee on
            Energy and Natural Resources and the Committee on Health,
            Education, Labor, and Pensions of the Senate a report
            summarizing progress toward meeting the key performance
            indicators established under paragraph (1).

        ``(f) Definitions.--In this section:
                ``(1) Community college.--The term `community college'
            means--

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1459]]

                        ``(A) a public institution of higher education,
                    including additional locations, at which the highest
                    awarded degree, or the predominantly awarded degree, is
                    an associate degree; or
                        ``(B) any Tribal college or university.
                ``(2) Dislocated worker.--The term `dislocated worker' has
            the meaning given the term in section 3 of the Workforce
            Innovation and Opportunity Act (29 U.S.C. 3102).
                ``(3) Hispanic-serving institution.--The term `Hispanic-
            serving institution' has the meaning given the term in section
            502(a) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1101a(a)).
                ``(4) Historically black college or university.--The term
            `Historically Black College or University' has the meaning given
            the term `part B institution' in section 322 of the Higher
            Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1061).
                ``(5) Institution in an eligible jurisdiction.--The term
            `institution in an eligible jurisdiction' means an institution
            of higher education (as defined in section 101 of the Higher
            Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1001)) that is located in an
            eligible jurisdiction (as defined in section 2203(b)(3)(A) of
            the Energy Policy Act of 1992 (42 U.S.C. 13503(b)(3)(A))).
                ``(6) Minority-serving institution.--The term `minority-
            serving institution' includes the entities described in any of
            paragraphs (1) through (7) of section 371(a) of the Higher
            Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1067q(a)).
                ``(7) STEM.--The term `STEM' means the subjects listed in
            section 2 of the STEM Education Act of 2015 (42 U.S.C. 6621
            note; Public Law 114-59).
                ``(8) Tribal college or university.--The term `Tribal
            College or University' has the meaning given the term in section
            316(b) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C.
            1059c(b)).''.
                (2) Clerical amendment.--The table of contents in section
            2(b) of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year
            1991 (Public Law 101-510; 104 Stat. 1497) is amended by striking
            the items relating to sections 3167 and 3168 and inserting the
            following:

    ``Sec. 3167. Partnerships with historically Black colleges and
               universities, Hispanic-serving institutions, and tribal
               colleges.
    ``Sec. 3167A. Broadening participation for teachers and scientists.
    ``Sec. 3167B. Expanding opportunities for highly skilled science,
               technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM)
               professionals.
    ``Sec. 3168. Definitions.
    ``Sec. 3169. Authorization of appropriations.''.

    SEC. 10112. HIGH INTENSITY LASER RESEARCH INITIATIVE; HELIUM
                                CONSERVATION PROGRAM; OFFICE OF
                                SCIENCE EMERGING BIOLOGICAL THREAT
                                PREPAREDNESS RESEARCH INITIATIVE;
                                MIDSCALE INSTRUMENTATION AND RESEARCH
                                EQUIPMENT PROGRAM; AUTHORIZATION OF
                                APPROPRIATIONS.

        (a) In General.--The Department of Energy Research and Innovation
    Act (42 U.S.C. 18601 et seq.) (as amended by section 10111(a)) is
    amended by adding at the end the following:
    ``SEC. 313. <<NOTE: 42 USC 18651.>>  HIGH INTENSITY LASER RESEARCH
                            INITIATIVE.

        ``(a) In General.--The Director shall establish a high intensity
    laser research initiative consistent with the recommendations of the
    National Academies report entitled `Opportunities in Intense

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1460]]

    Ultrafast Lasers: Reaching for the Brightest Light' and the report from
    the Brightest Light Initiative workshop entitled `The Future of Intense
    Ultrafast Lasers in the U.S.'. The initiative should include research
    and development of petawatt-scale and of high average power laser
    technologies necessary for future facility needs in discovery science
    and to advance energy technologies, as well as support for a user
    network of academic and National Laboratory high intensity laser
    facilities.
        ``(b) Leverage.--The Director shall leverage new laser technologies
    for more compact, less complex, and low-cost accelerator systems needed
    for science applications.
        ``(c) Coordination.--
                ``(1) Director.--The Director shall coordinate the
            initiative established under subsection (a) among all relevant
            programs within the Office of Science.
                ``(2) Under secretary.--The Under Secretary for Science
            shall coordinate the initiative established under subsection (a)
            with other relevant programs within the Department and other
            Federal agencies.

        ``(d) <<NOTE: Time periods.>>  Authorization of Appropriations.--Out
    of funds authorized to be appropriated for the Office of Science in a
    fiscal year, there are authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary to
    carry out the activities described in this section--
                ``(1) $50,000,000 for fiscal year 2023;
                ``(2) $100,000,000 for fiscal year 2024;
                ``(3) $150,000,000 for fiscal year 2025;
                ``(4) $200,000,000 for fiscal year 2026; and
                ``(5) $250,000,000 for fiscal year 2027.
    ``SEC. 314. <<NOTE: 42 USC 18652.>>  HELIUM CONSERVATION PROGRAM.

        ``(a) In General.--The Secretary shall establish a program to reduce
    the consumption of helium for Department grant recipients and facilities
    and encourage helium recycling <<NOTE: Grants.>>  and reuse. The program
    shall competitively award grants for--
                ``(1) the purchase of equipment to capture, reuse, and
            recycle helium;
                ``(2) the installation, maintenance, and repair of new and
            existing helium capture, reuse, and recycling equipment; and
                ``(3) helium alternatives research and development
            activities.

        ``(b) <<NOTE: Time period.>>  Report.--Not later than 2 years after
    the date of enactment of the Research and Development, Competition, and
    Innovation Act, and every 3 years thereafter, the Director shall submit
    to the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology of the House of
    Representatives and the Committee on Energy and Natural Resources of the
    Senate a report on the purchase of helium as part of research projects
    and facilities supported by the Department. The report shall include--
                ``(1) the quantity of helium purchased for projects and
            facilities supported by Department grants;
                ``(2) <<NOTE: Analysis.>>  a cost-analysis for such helium;
                ``(3) to the maximum extent practicable, information on
            whether such helium was imported from outside the United States,
            and if available, the country or region of the world from which
            the helium was imported;

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1461]]

                ``(4) expected or experienced impacts of helium supply
            shortages or prices on the research projects and facilities
            supported by the Department; and
                ``(5) <<NOTE: Recommenda- tions.>>  recommendations for
            reducing Department grant recipients' exposure to volatile
            helium prices and supply shortages.

        ``(c) Coordination.--In carrying out the program under this section,
    the Director shall coordinate with the National Science Foundation and
    other relevant Federal agencies on helium conservation activities.
        ``(d) Duration.--The program established under this section shall
    receive support for a period of not more than 5 years, subject to the
    availability of appropriations.
        ``(e) <<NOTE: Time period.>>  Renewal.--Upon expiration of any
    period of support of the program under this section, the Director may
    renew support for the program for a period of not more than 5 years.
    ``SEC. 315. <<NOTE: 42 USC 18653.>>  OFFICE OF SCIENCE BIOLOGICAL
                            THREAT PREPAREDNESS RESEARCH INITIATIVE.

        ``(a) <<NOTE: Establishment.>>  In General.--The Secretary shall
    establish within the Office of Science a cross-cutting research
    initiative, to be known as the `Biological Threat Preparedness Research
    Initiative', to leverage the innovative analytical resources and tools,
    user facilities, and advanced computational and networking capabilities
    of the Department in order to support efforts that prevent, prepare for,
    predict, and respond to biological threats to national security,
    including infectious diseases.

        ``(b) Competitive, Merit-reviewed Process.--The Secretary shall
    carry out the initiative established under subsection (a) through a
    competitive, merit-reviewed process, and consider applications from
    National Laboratories, institutions of higher education, multi-
    institutional collaborations, industry partners and other appropriate
    entities.
        ``(c) Activities.--In carrying out the initiative established under
    subsection (a), the Secretary shall--
                ``(1) <<NOTE: Determination.>>  determine a comprehensive
            set of technical milestones for the research activities
            described in that subsection;
                ``(2) prioritize the objectives of--
                        ``(A) supporting fundamental research and
                    development in advanced analytics, experimental studies,
                    materials synthesis, and high-performance computing
                    technologies needed in order to more quickly and
                    effectively characterize, model, simulate, and predict
                    complex natural phenomena and biological materials
                    related to emerging biological threats;
                        ``(B) supporting the development of tools that
                    inform epidemiological modeling, and applying artificial
                    intelligence, machine learning, and other computing
                    tools to accelerate such processes;
                        ``(C) supporting research and capabilities that
                    enhance understanding and modeling of the transport of
                    pathogens in indoor and outdoor air and water
                    environments;
                        ``(D) identifying priority research opportunities
                    and capabilities for molecular design and modeling for
                    medical countermeasures;
                        ``(E) ensuring that new experimental and
                    computational tools are accessible to relevant research
                    communities,

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1462]]

                    including private sector entities and other Federal
                    research institutions; and
                        ``(F) supporting activities and projects that
                    combine computational modeling and simulation with
                    experimental research facilities and studies;
                ``(3) leverage the research infrastructure of the
            Department, including scientific computing user facilities, x-
            ray light sources, neutron scattering facilities, nanoscale
            science research centers, and sequencing and biocharacterization
            facilities;
                ``(4) leverage experience from existing modeling and
            simulation research and work sponsored by the Department and
            promote collaboration and data sharing between National
            Laboratories, research entities, and user facilities of the
            Department by providing necessary access and secure data
            transfer capabilities; and
                ``(5) ensure that new experimental and computational tools
            are accessible to relevant research communities, including
            private sector entities, to address emerging biological threats.

        ``(d) Coordination.--In carrying out the initiative established
    under subsection (a), the Secretary shall coordinate activities with--
                ``(1) other relevant offices of the Department;
                ``(2) the National Nuclear Security Administration;
                ``(3) the National Laboratories;
                ``(4) the Director of the National Science Foundation;
                ``(5) the Director of the Centers for Disease Control and
            Prevention;
                ``(6) the Director of the National Institutes of Health;
                ``(7) the Assistant Secretary for Preparedness and Response;
                ``(8) the heads of other relevant Federal agencies;
                ``(9) institutions of higher education; and
                ``(10) the private sector.

        ``(e) Infectious Diseases High Performance Computing Research
    Consortium.--
                ``(1) <<NOTE: Coordination. Establishment.>>  In general.--
            The Secretary, in coordination with the Director of the National
            Science Foundation and the Director of the Office of Science and
            Technology Policy, shall establish and operate an Emerging
            Infectious Diseases High Performance Computing Research
            Consortium (referred to in this section as the `Consortium'), to
            support the initiative established under subsection (a) by
            providing, to the extent practicable, a centralized entity for
            multidisciplinary, collaborative, emerging infectious disease
            and biosecurity research and development through high
            performance computing and advanced data analytics technologies
            and processes, in conjunction with the experimental research
            facilities and studies supported by the Department.
                ``(2) Membership.--The members of the Consortium may include
            representatives from relevant Federal agencies, the National
            Laboratories, the private sector, and institutions of higher
            education, which can each contribute relevant compute time,
            capabilities, or other resources.
                ``(3) Activities.--The Consortium shall--
                        ``(A) match applicants with available Federal and
                    private sector computing resources;
                        ``(B) consider supplemental awards for computing
                    partnerships with Consortium members to qualifying
                    entities on a competitive merit-review basis;

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1463]]

                        ``(C) encourage collaboration and communication
                    among member representatives of the Consortium and
                    awardees;
                        ``(D) provide access to the high-performance
                    computing capabilities, expertise, and user facilities
                    of the Department and the National Laboratories; and
                        ``(E) <<NOTE: Time period. Reports. Summary.>>
                    submit an annual report to the Secretary summarizing the
                    activities of the Consortium, including--
                              ``(i) describing each project undertaken by
                          the Consortium;
                              ``(ii) detailing organizational expenditures;
                          and
                              ``(iii) <<NOTE: Evaluations.>>  evaluating
                          contributions to the achievement of technical
                          milestones as determined in subsection (a).
                ``(4) Coordination.--The Secretary shall ensure the
            coordination of, and avoid unnecessary duplication of, the
            activities of the Consortium with the activities of other
            research entities of the Department, other Federal research
            institutions, institutions of higher education, and the private
            sector.

        ``(f) Report.--Not later than 2 years after the date of enactment of
    the Research and Development, Competition, and Innovation Act, the
    Secretary shall submit to the Committee on Science, Space, and
    Technology and the Committee on Energy and Commerce of the House of
    Representatives, and the Committee on Energy and Natural Resources, the
    Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation, and the Committee on
    Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions of the Senate, a report detailing
    the effectiveness of--
                ``(1) the interagency coordination among each Federal agency
            involved in the initiative established under subsection (a);
                ``(2) the collaborative research achievements of that
            initiative, including the achievement of the technical
            milestones determined under that subsection; and
                ``(3) potential opportunities to expand the technical
            capabilities of the Department.

        ``(g) Funding.--Out of funds authorized to be appropriated for the
    Office of Science in a fiscal year, there is authorized to be
    appropriated to the Secretary to carry out the activities under this
    section $50,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2023 through 2027.
    ``SEC. 316. <<NOTE: 42 USC 18654.>>  MIDSCALE INSTRUMENTATION AND
                            RESEARCH EQUIPMENT PROGRAM.

        ``(a) In General.--The Director shall establish a midscale
    instrumentation and research equipment program to develop, acquire, and
    commercialize research instrumentation and equipment needed to meet the
    missions of the Department and to provide platform technologies for the
    broader scientific community.
        ``(b) Activities.--Under the program established under subsection
    (a), the Director shall--
                ``(1) enable the development and acquisition of novel,
            state-of-the-art instruments that--
                        ``(A) range in cost from $1,000,000 to $20,000,000
                    each; and
                        ``(B) would significantly accelerate scientific
                    breakthroughs at user facilities; and
                ``(2) strongly encourage partnerships among--
                        ``(A) National Laboratories;

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1464]]

                        ``(B) user facilities; and
                        ``(C)(i) institutions in a State receiving funding
                    under the Established Program to Stimulate Competitive
                    Research established under section 2203(b)(3) of the
                    Energy Policy Act of 1992 (42 U.S.C. 13503(b)(3));
                        ``(ii) historically Black colleges or universities;
                        ``(iii) minority-serving institutions of higher
                    education; or
                        ``(iv) institutions of higher education in a rural
                    area.

        ``(c) Coordination With Other Programs.--The Director shall
    coordinate the program established under subsection (a) with all other
    programs carried out by the Office of Science of the Department.
        ``(d) Research Equipment and Technology Development Coordination.--
    The Director shall encourage coordination among the Office of Science,
    the National Laboratories, the Office of Technology Transitions, and
    relevant academic and private sector entities to identify, disseminate,
    and commercialize research instruments, equipment, and related
    technologies developed to aid basic science research discoveries that
    meet the mission of the Department.
        ``(e) <<NOTE: Time period.>>  Authorization of Appropriations.--Out
    of funds authorized to be appropriated for the Office of Science in a
    fiscal year, there is authorized to be appropriated to carry out this
    section $150,000,000 for each of fiscals years 2023 through 2027.
    ``SEC. 317. <<NOTE: Time periods. 42 USC 18655.>>  AUTHORIZATION
                            OF APPROPRIATIONS.

        ``There are authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry
    out the activities described in this title--
                ``(1) $8,902,392,400 for fiscal year 2023;
                ``(2) $9,541,895,744 for fiscal year 2024;
                ``(3) $10,068,198,994 for fiscal year 2025;
                ``(4) $10,468,916,520 for fiscal year 2026; and
                ``(5) $10,831,342,317 for fiscal year 2027.''.

        (b) Table of Contents.--Section 1(b) of the Department of Energy
    Research and Innovation Act <<NOTE: 132 Stat. 3130.>>  is amended in the
    table of contents by inserting after the item relating to section 309
    the following:

    ``Sec. 310. Accelerator research and development.
    ``Sec. 311. Isotope research, development, and production.
    ``Sec. 312. Increased collaboration with teachers and scientists.
    ``Sec. 313. High intensity laser research initiative.
    ``Sec. 314. Helium conservation program.
    ``Sec. 315. Office of Science Biological Threat Preparedness Research
               Initiative.
    ``Sec. 316. Midscale instrumentation and research equipment program.
    ``Sec. 317. Authorization of appropriations.''.

    SEC. 10113. ESTABLISHED PROGRAM TO STIMULATE COMPETITIVE RESEARCH.

        (a) Research Areas.--Section 2203(b)(3)(E) of the Energy Policy Act
    of 1992 (42 U.S.C. 13503(b)(3)(E)) is amended--
                (1) in the subparagraph heading, by striking ``in areas of
            applied energy research, environmental management, and basic
            science'';
                (2) in clause (i)--
                        (A) in subclause (I), by inserting ``nuclear
                    energy,'' before ``and''; and
                        (B) by striking subclause (V) and inserting the
                    following:

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1465]]

                                        ``(V) scientific research,
                                    including--
                                                ``(aa) advanced scientific
                                            computing research;
                                                ``(bb) basic energy
                                            sciences;
                                                ``(cc) biological and
                                            environmental research;
                                                ``(dd) fusion energy
                                            sciences;
                                                ``(ee) high energy physics;
                                                ``(ff) nuclear physics;
                                                ``(gg) isotope research,
                                            development, and production;
                                                ``(hh) accelerator research,
                                            development, and production; and
                                                ``(ii) other areas of
                                            research funded by the Office of
                                            Science, as determined by the
                                            Secretary.''; and
                (3) in clause (ii)--
                        (A) in subclause (II), by striking ``graduate'' and
                    inserting ``undergraduate scholarships, graduate
                    fellowships, and'';
                        (B) in subclause (III), by striking ``; and'' and
                    inserting ``and staff;'';
                        (C) in subclause (IV)--
                              (i) by striking ``biennial'' and inserting
                          ``annual''; and
                              (ii) by striking the period at the end and
                          inserting a semicolon; and
                        (D) by adding at the end the following:
                                        ``(V) to develop research clusters
                                    for particular areas of expertise; and
                                        ``(VI) to diversify the future
                                    workforce.''.

        (b) Research Capability Enhancement.--Section 2203(b)(3) of the
    Energy Policy Act of 1992 (42 U.S.C. 13503(b)(3)) is amended by striking
    subparagraph (F) and inserting the following:
                        ``(F) <<NOTE: Grants.>>  Research capability
                    enhancement.--
                              ``(i) Scholarships and fellowships.--
                                        ``(I) In general.--Pursuant to
                                    subparagraph (E)(ii), the Secretary
                                    shall award grants to institutions of
                                    higher education in eligible
                                    jurisdictions for those institutions of
                                    higher education to provide scholarships
                                    and fellowships.
                                        ``(II) <<NOTE: Time periods.>>
                                    Grant.--A scholarship or fellowship
                                    awarded by an institution of higher
                                    education in an eligible jurisdiction
                                    using a grant provided under subclause
                                    (I)--
                                                ``(aa) in the case of an
                                            undergraduate scholarship--
                                                    ``(AA) shall be for a
                                                period of 1 year; and
                                                    ``(BB) may be
                                                competitively renewable on
                                                an annual basis; and
                                                ``(bb) in the case of a
                                            graduate level fellowship, shall
                                            be for a period of not more than
                                            5 years.
                              ``(ii) Early career capacity development.--
                                        ``(I) In general.--Pursuant to
                                    subparagraph (E)(ii), the Secretary
                                    shall award grants to early

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1466]]

                                    career faculty and staff at institutions
                                    of higher education in eligible
                                    jurisdictions--
                                                ``(aa) to support
                                            investigator-initiated research,
                                            including associated research
                                            equipment and instrumentation;
                                                ``(bb) to support activities
                                            associated with identifying and
                                            responding to funding
                                            opportunities;
                                                ``(cc) to secure technical
                                            assistance for the pursuit of
                                            funding opportunities; and
                                                ``(dd) to develop and
                                            enhance collaboration among
                                            National Laboratories,
                                            Department of Energy programs,
                                            the private sector, and other
                                            relevant entities.
                                        ``(II) <<NOTE: Time periods.>>
                                    Grants.--A grant awarded under subclause
                                    (I) shall be--
                                                ``(aa) for a period of not
                                            more than 5 years; and
                                                ``(bb) competitively
                                            renewable for an additional 5-
                                            year period.
                              ``(iii) Research capacity development.--
                                        ``(I) In general.--Pursuant to
                                    subparagraph (E)(ii), the Secretary
                                    shall award competitive grants to
                                    institutions of higher education in
                                    eligible jurisdictions for research
                                    capacity development and implementation,
                                    including--
                                                ``(aa) developing expertise
                                            in key technology areas,
                                            including associated equipment
                                            and instrumentation;
                                                ``(bb) developing and
                                            acquiring novel, state-of-the-
                                            art instruments and equipment
                                            that range in cost from $500,000
                                            to $20,000,000;
                                                ``(cc) enhancing
                                            collaboration with National
                                            Laboratories, the Department of
                                            Energy, and the private sector
                                            through faculty or staff
                                            placement programs; and
                                                ``(dd) supporting formal
                                            partnership programs with
                                            institutions of higher education
                                            and National Laboratories.
                                        ``(II) <<NOTE: Time periods.>>
                                    Grants.--A grant awarded under subclause
                                    (I) shall be--
                                                ``(aa) for a period of not
                                            more than 5 years; and
                                                ``(bb) renewable for an
                                            additional 5-year period.
                                        ``(III) Equipment and
                                    instrumentation.--To the maximum extent
                                    practicable, the Secretary shall ensure
                                    that research equipment and
                                    instrumentation developed or acquired
                                    pursuant to a grant awarded under
                                    subclause (I) may sustain continued
                                    operation and be maintained without the
                                    need for additional or subsequent
                                    funding under this section.''.

        (c) Program Implementation Update.--Section 2203(b)(3)(G) of the
    Energy Policy Act of 1992 (42 U.S.C. 13503(b)(3)(G)) is amended by
    adding at the end the following:

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1467]]

                              ``(iii) <<NOTE: Deadline.>>  Update.--Not
                          later than 270 days after the date of enactment of
                          the Research and Development, Competition, and
                          Innovation Act, the Secretary shall--
                                        ``(I) update the plan submitted
                                    under clause (i); and
                                        ``(II) submit the updated plan to
                                    the committees described in that
                                    clause.''.

        (d) Program Evaluation Report.--Section 2203(b)(3)(H) of the Energy
    Policy Act of 1992 (42 U.S.C. 13503(b)(3)(H)) is amended by adding at
    the end the following:
                              ``(iv) Annual report.--At the end of each
                          fiscal year, the Secretary shall submit to the
                          Committee on Energy and Natural Resources and the
                          Committee on Appropriations of the Senate and the
                          Committee on Energy and Commerce and the Committee
                          on Appropriations of the House of Representatives
                          a report that includes--
                                        ``(I) <<NOTE: Time period.>>  the
                                    total amount of expenditures made by the
                                    Department to carry out EPSCoR in each
                                    eligible jurisdiction for each of the 3
                                    most recent fiscal years for which such
                                    information is available;
                                        ``(II)(aa) the number of EPSCoR
                                    awards made to institutions of higher
                                    education located in eligible
                                    jurisdictions; and
                                        ``(bb) the amount and type of each
                                    award;
                                        ``(III) the number of awards that
                                    are not EPSCoR awards made by the
                                    Secretary to institutions of higher
                                    education located in eligible
                                    jurisdictions;
                                        ``(IV)(aa) the number of
                                    representatives of institutions of
                                    higher education in eligible
                                    jurisdictions serving on each Office of
                                    Science advisory committee; and
                                        ``(bb) for each such advisory
                                    committee, the percentage of committee
                                    membership that those individuals
                                    constitute; and
                                        ``(V) the number of individuals from
                                    institutions of higher education in
                                    eligible jurisdictions serving on peer
                                    review committees.''.

        (e) Funding.--Section 2203(b)(3) of the Energy Policy Act of 1992
    (42 U.S.C. 13503(b)(3)) is amended by adding at the end the following:
                        ``(I) Funding.--
                              ``(i) <<NOTE: Time periods.>>  Authorization
                          of appropriations.--There are authorized to be
                          appropriated to the Secretary to carry out EPSCoR,
                          to remain available until expended--
                                        ``(I) $50,000,000 for fiscal year
                                    2023;
                                        ``(II) $50,000,000 for fiscal year
                                    2024;
                                        ``(III) $75,000,000 for fiscal year
                                    2025;
                                        ``(IV) $100,000,000 for fiscal year
                                    2026; and
                                        ``(V) $100,000,000 for fiscal year
                                    2027.
                              ``(ii) Grants to consortia.--In the case of an
                          EPSCoR grant awarded to a consortium that contains
                          institutions of higher education that are not
                          located in eligible jurisdictions, the Secretary
                          may count--

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1468]]

                                        ``(I) the full amount of funds
                                    expended to provide the grant towards
                                    meeting the funding requirement in
                                    clause (iii) if the lead entity of the
                                    consortium is an institution of higher
                                    education located in an eligible
                                    jurisdiction; and
                                        ``(II) only the funds provided to
                                    institutions of higher education located
                                    in eligible jurisdictions towards
                                    meeting the funding requirement in
                                    clause (iii) if the lead entity of the
                                    consortium is an institution of higher
                                    education that is not located in an
                                    eligible jurisdiction.
                              ``(iii) Additional funds for eligible
                          jurisdictions.--In addition to funds authorized to
                          be appropriated under clause (i), the Secretary,
                          to the maximum extent practicable while
                          maintaining the competitive, merit-based award
                          processes of the Office of Science, shall ensure
                          that, of the research and development funds of the
                          Office of Science that are awarded by the
                          Secretary each year to institutions of higher
                          education, not less than 10 percent is awarded to
                          institutions of higher education in eligible
                          jurisdictions pursuant to the evaluation and
                          selection criteria in section 605.10 of title 10,
                          Code of Federal Regulations (or successor
                          regulations).
                              ``(iv) Additional funds for equipment and
                          instrumentation.--In addition <<NOTE: Time
                          period.>>  to funds authorized to be appropriated
                          under clause (i), there is authorized to be
                          appropriated to the Secretary to award grants
                          under subparagraph (F)(iii)(I) for the purpose
                          described in item (bb) of that subparagraph
                          $25,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2023 through
                          2027, to remain available until expended.
                              ``(v) Accounting.--To the maximum extent
                          practicable, the Secretary shall ensure that each
                          program within the Department of Energy that
                          endorses an EPSCoR grant awardee shall contribute
                          funding to the award to acknowledge the research
                          benefits to the mission of that program.''.

        (f) <<NOTE: 42 USC 7139 note.>>  Advisory Committees to the Office
    of Science.--In order to improve the advice and guidance provided to the
    Office of Science, the Undersecretary for Science shall seek to ensure,
    to the maximum extent practicable, the robust participation of
    institutions of higher education (as defined in section 101 of the
    Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1001)) located in eligible
    jurisdictions (as defined in section 2203(b)(3)(A) of the Energy Policy
    Act of 1992 (42 U.S.C. 13503(b)(3)(A))) on the Office of Science Federal
    Advisory Committee.

        (g) Technical Amendments.--Section 2203(b) of the Energy Policy Act
    of 1992 (42 U.S.C. 13503(b)) is amended--
                (1) in paragraph (1), by striking ``(1) The Secretary'' and
            inserting the following:
                ``(1) University research reactors.--The Secretary''; and
                (2) in paragraph (2), by striking ``(2) The Secretary'' and
            inserting the following:
                ``(2) Method to evaluate effectiveness of education
            programs.--The Secretary''.

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1469]]

    SEC. 10114. <<NOTE: 42 USC 18912.>>  RESEARCH SECURITY.

        (a) Definitions.--In this section:
                (1) Country of risk.--
                        (A) <<NOTE: Determination.>>  In general.--The term
                    ``country of risk'' means a foreign country determined
                    by the Secretary, in accordance with subparagraph (B),
                    to present a risk of theft of United States intellectual
                    property or a threat to the national security of the
                    United States if nationals of the country, or entities
                    owned or controlled by the country or nationals of the
                    country, participate in any research, development,
                    demonstration, or deployment activity authorized under
                    this division or division A or an amendment made by this
                    division or division A.
                        (B) <<NOTE: Coordination.>>  Determination.--In
                    making a determination under subparagraph (A), the
                    Secretary, in coordination with the Director of the
                    Office of Intelligence and Counterintelligence, shall
                    take into consideration--
                              (i) the most recent World Wide Threat
                          Assessment of the United States Intelligence
                          Community, prepared by the Director of National
                          Intelligence; and
                              (ii) the most recent National
                          Counterintelligence Strategy of the United States.
                (2) Covered support.--The term ``covered support'' means any
            grant, contract, subcontract, award, loan, program, support, or
            other activity authorized under this division or division A, or
            an amendment made by this division or division A.
                (3) Entity of concern.--The term ``entity of concern'' means
            any entity, including a national, that is--
                        (A) identified under section 1237(b) of the Strom
                    Thurmond National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal
                    Year 1999 (50 U.S.C. 1701 note; Public Law 105-261);
                        (B) identified under section 1260H of the William M.
                    (Mac) Thornberry National Defense Authorization Act for
                    Fiscal Year 2021 (10 U.S.C. 113 note; Public Law 116-
                    283);
                        (C) on the Entity List maintained by the Bureau of
                    Industry and Security of the Department of Commerce and
                    set forth in Supplement No. 4 to part 744 of title 15,
                    Code of Federal Regulations;
                        (D) included in the list required by section 9(b)(3)
                    of the Uyghur Human Rights Policy Act of 2020 (Public
                    Law 116-145; 134 Stat. 656); or
                        (E) <<NOTE: Coordination.>>  identified by the
                    Secretary, in coordination with the Director of the
                    Office of Intelligence and Counterintelligence and the
                    applicable office that would provide, or is providing,
                    covered support, as posing an unmanageable threat--
                              (i) to the national security of the United
                          States; or
                              (ii) of theft or loss of United States
                          intellectual property.
                (4) National.--The term ``national'' has the meaning given
            the term in section 101 of the Immigration and Nationality Act
            (8 U.S.C. 1101).
                (5) Secretary.--The term ``Secretary'' means the Secretary
            of Energy.

        (b) Science and Technology Risk Assessment.--

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1470]]

                (1) In general.--The Secretary shall develop and maintain
            tools and processes to manage and mitigate research security
            risks, such as a science and technology risk matrix, informed by
            threats identified by the Director of the Office of Intelligence
            and Counterintelligence, to facilitate determinations of the
            risk of loss of United States intellectual property or threat to
            the national security of the United States posed by activities
            carried out under any covered support.
                (2) Content and implementation.--In developing and using the
            tools and processes developed under paragraph (1), the Secretary
            shall--
                        (A) deploy risk-based approaches to evaluating,
                    awarding, and managing certain research, development,
                    demonstration, and deployment activities, including
                    designations that will indicate the relative risk of
                    activities;
                        (B) <<NOTE: Assessments.>>  assess, to the extent
                    practicable, ongoing high-risk activities;
                        (C) <<NOTE: Designation. Notifications.>>  designate
                    an officer or employee of the Department of Energy to be
                    responsible for tracking and notifying recipients of any
                    covered support of unmanageable threats to United States
                    national security or of theft or loss of United States
                    intellectual property posed by an entity of concern;
                        (D) consider requiring recipients of covered support
                    to implement additional research security mitigations
                    for higher-risk activities if appropriate; and
                        (E) support the development of research security
                    training for recipients of covered support on the risks
                    posed by entities of concern.
                (3) Annual updates.--The tools and processes developed under
            paragraph (1) shall be evaluated annually and updated as needed,
            with threat-informed input from the Office of Intelligence and
            Counterintelligence, to reflect changes in the risk designation
            under paragraph (2)(A) of research, development, demonstration,
            and deployment activities conducted by the Department.

        (c) Entity of Concern.--
                (1) Prohibition.--Except as provided in paragraph (2), no
            entity of concern, or individual that owns or controls, is owned
            or controlled by, or is under common ownership or control with
            an entity of concern, may receive, or perform work under, any
            covered support.
                (2) Waiver of prohibition.--
                        (A) <<NOTE: Determination.>>  In general.--The
                    Secretary may waive the prohibition under paragraph (1)
                    if determined by the Secretary to be in the national
                    interest.
                        (B) <<NOTE: Time period.>>  Notification to
                    congress.--Not less than 2 weeks prior to issuing a
                    waiver under subparagraph (A), the Secretary shall
                    notify the Committee on Energy and Natural Resources of
                    the Senate and the Committee on Science, Space, and
                    Technology of the House of Representatives of the intent
                    to issue the waiver, including a justification for the
                    waiver.
                (3) Penalty.--
                        (A) Termination of support.--On finding that any
                    entity of concern or individual described in paragraph
                    (1) has received covered support and has not received a
                    waiver

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1471]]

                    under paragraph (2), the Secretary shall terminate all
                    covered support to that entity of concern or individual,
                    as applicable.
                        (B) <<NOTE: Determination.>>  Penalties.--An entity
                    of concern or individual identified under subparagraph
                    (A) shall be--
                              (i) <<NOTE: Time period.>>  prohibited from
                          receiving or participating in covered support for
                          a period of not less than 1 year but not more than
                          10 years, as determined by the Secretary; or
                              (ii) instead of the penalty described in
                          clause (i), subject to any other penalties
                          authorized under applicable law or regulations
                          that the Secretary determines to be in the
                          national interest.
                        (C) Notification to congress.--Prior to imposing a
                    penalty under subparagraph (B), the Secretary shall
                    notify the Committee on Energy and Natural Resources of
                    the Senate and the Committee on Science, Space, and
                    Technology of the House of Representatives of the intent
                    to impose the penalty, including a description of and
                    justification for the penalty.
                (4) Coordination.--The Secretary shall--
                        (A) share information about the unmanageable threats
                    described in subsection (a)(3)(E) with other Federal
                    agencies; and
                        (B) develop consistent approaches to identifying
                    entities of concern.

        (d) <<NOTE: Applicability.>>  International Agreements.--This
    section shall be applied in a manner consistent with the obligations of
    the United States under international agreements.

        (e) Report Required.--Not later than 240 days after the date of
    enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall submit to Congress a report
    that--
                (1) describes--
                        (A) <<NOTE: Updates.>>  the tools and processes
                    developed under subsection (b)(1) and any updates to
                    those tools and processes; and
                        (B) if applicable, the science and technology risk
                    matrix developed under that subsection and how that
                    matrix has been applied;
                (2) <<NOTE: Mitigation plan.>>  includes a mitigation plan
            for managing risks posed by countries of risk with respect to
            future or ongoing research and development activities of the
            Department of Energy; and
                (3) defines critical research areas, designated by risk, as
            determined by the Secretary.

     TITLE II--NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS AND TECHNOLOGY FOR THE FUTURE

    SEC. 10201. <<NOTE: 42 USC 18921.>>  DEFINITIONS.

        In this title:
                (1) Director.--The term ``Director'' means the Director of
            the National Institute of Standards and Technology.
                (2) Enrollment of needy students.--The term ``enrollment of
            needy students'' has the meaning given the term in

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1472]]

            section 312(d) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C.
            1058(d)).
                (3) Framework.--The term ``Framework'' means the Framework
            for Improving Critical Infrastructure Cybersecurity developed by
            the National Institute of Standards and Technology and referred
            to in Executive Order No. 13800 issued on May 11, 2017 (82 Fed.
            Reg. 22391 et seq.).
                (4) Institute.--The term ``Institute'' means the National
            Institute of Standards and Technology.
                (5) International standards organization.--The term
            ``international standards organization'' has the meaning given
            such term in section 451 of the Trade Agreements Act of 1979 (19
            U.S.C. 2571).
                (6) Secretary.--The term ``Secretary'' means the Secretary
            of Commerce.

                   Subtitle A--Authorization of Appropriations

    SEC. 10211. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.

        (a) Fiscal Year 2023.--
                (1) In general.--There are authorized to be appropriated to
            the Secretary of Commerce $1,551,450,000 for the National
            Institute of Standards and Technology for fiscal year 2023.
                (2) Specific allocations.--Of the amount authorized by
            paragraph (1)--
                        (A) $979,100,000 is authorized for scientific and
                    technical research and services laboratory activities;
                        (B) $200,000,000 is authorized for the construction
                    and maintenance of facilities, of which $80,000,000 is
                    authorized to be appropriated for Safety, Capacity,
                    Maintenance, and Major Repairs; and
                        (C) $372,350,000 is authorized for industrial
                    technology services activities, of which $275,300,000 is
                    authorized to be appropriated for the Manufacturing
                    Extension Partnership program under sections 25, 25A,
                    and 26 of the National Institute of Standards and
                    Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 278k, 278k-1, and 278l) (of
                    which $31,000,000 is authorized to establish the
                    National Supply Chain Database under section 10253) and
                    $97,050,000 is authorized to be appropriated for the
                    Manufacturing USA Program under section 34 of the
                    National Institute of Standards and Technology Act (15
                    U.S.C. 278s).

        (b) Fiscal Year 2024.--
                (1) In general.--There are authorized to be appropriated to
            the Secretary of Commerce $1,651,600,000 for the National
            Institute of Standards and Technology for fiscal year 2024.
                (2) Specific allocations.--Of the amount authorized by
            paragraph (1)--
                        (A) $1,047,600,000 is authorized for scientific and
                    technical research and services laboratory activities;
                        (B) $200,000,000 is authorized for the construction
                    and maintenance of facilities, of which $80,000,000 is
                    authorized to be appropriated for Safety, Capacity,
                    Maintenance, and Major Repairs, including $20,000,000
                    for IT infrastructure; and

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1473]]

                        (C) $404,000,000 is authorized for industrial
                    technology services activities, of which $300,000,000 is
                    authorized to be appropriated for the Manufacturing
                    Extension Partnership program under sections 25, 25A,
                    and 26 of the National Institute of Standards and
                    Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 278k, 278k-1, and 278l) (of
                    which $26,000,000 is authorized to maintain, update, and
                    support Federal coordination of State supply chain
                    databases maintained by the Centers (as such term is
                    defined in such section 25 of such Act)) and
                    $104,000,000 is authorized to be appropriated for the
                    Manufacturing USA Program under section 34 of the
                    National Institute of Standards and Technology Act (15
                    U.S.C. 278s).

        (c) Fiscal Year 2025.--
                (1) In general.--There are authorized to be appropriated to
            the Secretary of Commerce $2,039,900,000 for the National
            Institute of Standards and Technology for fiscal year 2025.
                (2) Specific allocations.--Of the amount authorized by
            paragraph (1)--
                        (A) $1,120,900,000 is authorized for scientific and
                    technical research and services laboratory activities;
                        (B) $200,000,000 is authorized for the construction
                    and maintenance of facilities, of which $80,000,000 is
                    authorized to be appropriated for Safety, Capacity,
                    Maintenance, and Major Repairs, including $20,000,000
                    for IT infrastructure; and
                        (C) $719,000,000 is authorized for industrial
                    technology services activities, of which $550,000,000 is
                    authorized to be appropriated for the Manufacturing
                    Extension Partnership program under sections 25, 25A,
                    and 26 of the National Institute of Standards and
                    Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 278k, 278k-1, and 278l) (of
                    which $26,000,000 is authorized to maintain, update, and
                    support Federal coordination of State supply chain
                    databases maintained by the Centers (as such term is
                    defined in such section 25 of such Act)) and
                    $169,000,000 is authorized to be appropriated for the
                    Manufacturing USA Program under section 34 of the
                    National Institute of Standards and Technology Act (15
                    U.S.C. 278s).

        (d) Fiscal Year 2026.--
                (1) In general.--There are authorized to be appropriated to
            the Secretary of Commerce $2,158,400,000 for the National
            Institute of Standards and Technology for fiscal year 2026.
                (2) Specific allocations.--Of the amount authorized by
            paragraph (1)--
                        (A) $1,199,400,000 is authorized for scientific and
                    technical research and services laboratory activities;
                        (B) $200,000,000 is authorized for the construction
                    and maintenance of facilities, of which $80,000,000 is
                    authorized to be appropriated for Safety, Capacity,
                    Maintenance, and Major Repairs, including $20,000,000
                    for IT infrastructure; and
                        (C) $759,000,000 is authorized for industrial
                    technology services activities, of which $550,000,000 is
                    authorized to be appropriated for the Manufacturing
                    Extension Partnership program under sections 25, 25A,
                    and 26 of the National Institute of Standards and
                    Technology Act (15

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1474]]

                    U.S.C. 278k, 278k-1, and 278l) (of which $26,000,000 is
                    authorized to maintain, update, and support Federal
                    coordination of State supply chain databases maintained
                    by the Centers (as such term is defined in such section
                    25 of such Act)) and $209,000,000 is authorized to be
                    appropriated for the Manufacturing USA Program under
                    section 34 of the National Institute of Standards and
                    Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 278s).

        (e) Fiscal Year 2027.--
                (1) In general.--There are authorized to be appropriated to
            the Secretary of Commerce $2,283,360,000 for the National
            Institute of Standards and Technology for fiscal year 2027.
                (2) Specific allocations.--Of the amount authorized by
            paragraph (1)--
                        (A) $1,283,360,000 is authorized for scientific and
                    technical research and services laboratory activities;
                        (B) $200,000,000 is authorized for the construction
                    and maintenance of facilities, of which $80,000,000 is
                    authorized to be appropriated for Safety, Capacity,
                    Maintenance, and Major Repairs, including $20,000,000
                    for IT infrastructure; and
                        (C) $800,000,000 is authorized for industrial
                    technology services activities, of which $550,000,000 is
                    authorized to be appropriated for the Manufacturing
                    Extension Partnership program under sections 25, 25A,
                    and 26 of the National Institute of Standards and
                    Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 278k, 278k-1, and 23 278l) (of
                    which $26,000,000 is authorized to maintain, update, and
                    support Federal coordination of State supply chain
                    databases maintained by the Centers (as such term is
                    defined in such section 25 of such Act)) and
                    $250,000,000 is authorized to be appropriated for the
                    Manufacturing USA Program under section 34 of the
                    National Institute of Standards and Technology Act (15
                    U.S.C. 278s).

                        Subtitle B--Measurement Research

    SEC. 10221. <<NOTE: 42 USC 18931.>>  ENGINEERING BIOLOGY AND
                                BIOMETROLOGY.

        (a) <<NOTE: Coordination.>>  In General.--The Director, in
    coordination with the National Engineering Biology Research and
    Development Initiative established pursuant to title IV, shall--
                (1) support basic measurement science and technology
            research for engineering biology, biomanufacturing, and
            biometrology to advance--
                        (A) measurement technologies to support foundational
                    understanding of the mechanisms of conversion of DNA
                    information into cellular function;
                        (B) technologies for measurement of such
                    biomolecular components and related systems;
                        (C) new data tools, techniques, and processes to
                    improve engineering biology, biomanufacturing, and
                    biometrology research; and
                        (D) <<NOTE: Determination.>>  other areas of
                    measurement science and technology research determined
                    by the Director to be critical to the development and
                    deployment of engineering biology, biomanufacturing and
                    biometrology;

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1475]]

                (2) support activities to inform and expand the development
            of measurements infrastructure needed to develop technical
            standards to establish interoperability and facilitate
            commercial development of biomolecular measurement technology
            and engineering biology applications;
                (3) convene industry, institutions of higher education,
            nonprofit organizations, Federal laboratories, and other Federal
            agencies engaged in engineering biology research and development
            to develop coordinated technical roadmaps for authoritative
            measurement of the molecular components of the cell;
                (4) provide access to user facilities with advanced or
            unique equipment, services, materials, and other resources to
            industry, institutions of higher education, nonprofit
            organizations, and government agencies to perform research and
            testing;
                (5) establish or expand collaborative partnerships or
            consortia with other Federal agencies engaged in engineering
            biology research and development, institutions of higher
            education, Federal laboratories, and industry to advance
            engineering biology applications; and
                (6) support graduate and postgraduate research and training
            in biometrology, biomanufacturing, and engineering biology.

        (b) Rule of Construction.--Nothing in this section may be construed
    to alter the policies, processes, or practices of individual Federal
    agencies in effect on the day before the date of the enactment of this
    Act relating to the conduct or support of biomedical research and
    advanced development, including the solicitation and review of
    extramural research proposals.
        (c) Controls.--In carrying out activities authorized by this
    section, the Secretary shall ensure proper security controls are in
    place to protect sensitive information, as appropriate.
    SEC. 10222. <<NOTE: Coordination. 42 USC
                                18932. Consultation. Assessment.>>
                                GREENHOUSE GAS MEASUREMENT RESEARCH.

        (a) In General.--The Director, in consultation with the
    Administrator of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration,
    the Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency, the National
    Aeronautics and Space Administration, the Director of the National
    Science Foundation, the Secretary of Energy, and the heads of other
    Federal agencies, as appropriate, shall carry out a measurement research
    program to inform the development or improvement of best practices,
    benchmarks, methodologies, procedures, and technical standards for the
    measurement of greenhouse gas emissions and to assess and improve the
    performance of greenhouse gas emissions measurement systems placed in
    situ and on space-based platforms.
        (b) Activities.--In carrying out such a program, the Director may--
                (1) conduct research and testing to improve the accuracy,
            efficacy, and reliability of the measurement of greenhouse gas
            emissions at a range of scales that covers direct measurement at
            the component or process level through atmospheric observations;
                (2) conduct research to create novel measurement
            technologies and techniques for the measurement of greenhouse
            gas emissions;
                (3) convene and engage with relevant Federal agencies and
            stakeholders to establish common definitions and

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1476]]

            characterizations for the measurement of greenhouse gas
            emissions, taking into account any existing United States and
            international technical standards and guidance;
                (4) conduct outreach and coordination to share technical
            expertise with relevant industry and nonindustry stakeholders
            and standards development organizations to--
                        (A) assist such entities in the development and
                    adoption of best practices and technical standards for
                    greenhouse gas emissions measurements; and
                        (B) promote consistency and traceability in
                    international reference standards and central
                    calibration laboratories;
                (5) <<NOTE: Determination.>>  in coordination with the
            Administrator of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric
            Administration, the Administrator of the Environmental
            Protection Agency, and the Secretary of Energy, develop such
            standard reference materials as the Director determines is
            necessary to further the development of such technical
            standards, taking into account any existing United States or
            international standards;
                (6) <<NOTE: Data.>>  coordinate with the National Oceanic
            and Atmospheric Administration to ensure data are managed,
            stewarded, and archived at all levels and promote full and open
            exchange at Federal and State levels, and with academia,
            industry, and other users; and
                (7) <<NOTE: Standards.>>  coordinate with international
            partners, including international standards organizations, to
            maintain global greenhouse gas measurement technical standards.

        (c) Testbeds.--In coordination with the private sector, institutions
    of higher education, State and local governments, the National Oceanic
    and Atmospheric Administration, the Environmental Protection Agency, the
    Department of Energy, and other Federal agencies, as appropriate, the
    Director may continue to develop and manage testbeds to advance research
    and standards development for greenhouse gas emissions measurements from
    in situ and space-based platforms.
        (d) Center for Greenhouse Gas Measurements, Standards, and
    Information.--
                (1) <<NOTE: Establishment.>>  In general.--The Director, in
            collaboration with the Administrator of the National Oceanic and
            Atmospheric Administration, the Administrator of the
            Environmental Protection Agency, and the heads of other Federal
            agencies, as appropriate, shall establish a Center for
            Greenhouse Gas Measurements, Standards, and Information (in this
            subsection referred to as the ``Center'').
                (2) <<NOTE: Requirement.>>  Collaborations.--The Director
            shall require that the activities of the Center include
            collaboration among public and private organizations, including
            institutions of higher education, nonprofit organizations,
            private sector entities, and State, Tribal, territorial, and
            local officials.
                (3) Purpose.--The purpose of the Center shall be to--
                        (A) advance measurement science, data analytics, and
                    modeling at a range of scales that covers direct
                    measurement and estimation at the component or process
                    level through atmospheric observations and at the
                    analysis level to improve the accuracy of spatially and
                    temporally

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1477]]

                    resolved greenhouse gas emissions measurement,
                    validation, and attribution to specific underlying
                    activities and processes;
                        (B) test and evaluate the performance of existing
                    capabilities, and inform and improve best practices,
                    benchmarks, methodologies, procedures, and technical
                    standards, for the measurement and validation of
                    greenhouse gas emissions at scales noted in subparagraph
                    (A);
                        (C) educate and train students in measurement
                    science, computational science, and systems engineering
                    research relevant to greenhouse gas emissions
                    measurements;
                        (D) foster collaboration among academic researchers,
                    private sector stakeholders, and State, Tribal,
                    territorial, and local officials in the use of Institute
                    testbeds as described in subsection (c);
                        (E) conduct activities with research institutions,
                    industry partners, and State and local officials to
                    identify research, testing, and technical standards
                    needs relevant to greenhouse gas emissions; and
                        (F) collaborate with other Federal agencies to
                    conduct outreach and coordination to share and promote
                    technical data, tools, and expertise with relevant
                    public and private sector stakeholders, including State,
                    Tribal, territorial, and local officials, to assist such
                    in the accurate measurement of greenhouse gas emissions.
    SEC. 10223. NIST AUTHORITY FOR CYBERSECURITY AND PRIVACY
                                ACTIVITIES.

        Subsection (c) of section 2 of the National Institute of Standards
    and Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 272) is amended--
                (1) in paragraph (16), by striking the period at the end and
            inserting a semicolon;
                (2) by redesignating paragraphs (16) through (27) as
            paragraphs (21) through (32), respectively; and
                (3) by inserting after paragraph (15) the following:
                ``(16) support information security measures for the
            development and lifecycle of software and the software supply
            chain, including development of voluntary, consensus-based
            technical standards, best practices, frameworks, methodologies,
            procedures, processes, and software engineering toolkits and
            configurations;
                ``(17) support information security measures, including
            voluntary, consensus-based technical standards, best practices,
            and guidelines, for the design, adoption, and deployment of
            cloud computing services;
                ``(18) support research, development, and practical
            application to improve the usability of cybersecurity processes
            and technologies;
                ``(19) facilitate and support the development of a
            voluntary, consensus-based set of technical standards,
            guidelines, best practices, methodologies, procedures, and
            processes to improve privacy protections in systems,
            technologies, and processes used by both the public and private
            sector;
                ``(20) support privacy measures, including voluntary,
            consensus-based technical standards, best practices, guidelines,
            metrology, and testbeds for the design, adoption, and deployment
            of privacy enhancing technologies;''.

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1478]]

    SEC. 10224. <<NOTE: 42 USC 18933.>>  SOFTWARE SECURITY AND
                                AUTHENTICATION.

        (a) Vulnerabilities in Open Source Software.--The Director shall
    assign severity metrics to identified vulnerabilities with open source
    software and produce voluntary guidance to assist the entities that
    maintain open source software repositories to discover and mitigate
    vulnerabilities.
        (b) <<NOTE: Data. Evaluations.>>  Artificial Intelligence-enabled
    Defenses.--The Director shall carry out research and testing to improve
    the effectiveness of artificial intelligence-enabled cybersecurity,
    including by generating optimized data sets to train artificial
    intelligence defense systems and evaluating the performance of varying
    network architectures at strengthening network security.

        (c) Authentication of Institute Software.--The Director shall ensure
    all software released by the Institute is digitally signed and
    maintained to enable stakeholders to verify its authenticity and
    integrity upon installation and execution.
        (d) Assistance to Inspectors General.--Subject to available funding,
    the Director shall provide technical assistance to improve the education
    and training of individual Federal agency Inspectors General and staff
    who are responsible for the annual independent evaluation they are
    required to perform of the information security program and practices of
    Federal agencies under section 3555 of title 44, United States Code.
        (e) <<NOTE: Coordination.>>  Software Supply Chain Security
    Practices.--
                (1) In general.--The Director shall, in coordination with
            industry, academia, and other Federal agencies, as appropriate,
            develop a set of security outcomes and practices, including
            security controls, control enhancements, supplemental guidance,
            or other supporting information to enable software developers
            and operators to identify, assess, and manage cybersecurity
            risks over the full lifecycle of software products.
                (2) Outreach.--The Director shall conduct outreach and
            coordination activities to share technical expertise with
            Federal agencies, relevant industry stakeholders, and standards
            development organizations, as appropriate, to encourage the
            voluntary adoption of the software lifecycle security practices
            by Federal agencies and industry stakeholders.
    SEC. 10225. DIGITAL IDENTITY MANAGEMENT RESEARCH.

        Section 504 of the Cybersecurity Enhancement Act of 2014 (15 U.S.C.
    7464) is amended to read as follows:
    ``SEC. 504. IDENTITY MANAGEMENT RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT.

        ``(a) <<NOTE: Standards. Criteria.>>  In General.--The Director
    shall carry out a program of research to support the development of
    voluntary, consensus-based technical standards, best practices,
    benchmarks, methodologies, metrology, testbeds, and conformance criteria
    for identity management, taking into account appropriate user concerns
    to--
                ``(1) improve interoperability and portability among
            identity management technologies;
                ``(2) strengthen identity proofing and verification methods
            used in identity management systems commensurate with the level
            of risk, including identity and attribute validation services
            provided by Federal, State, and local governments;
                ``(3) improve privacy protection in identity management
            systems; and

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1479]]

                ``(4) improve the accuracy, usability, and inclusivity of
            identity management systems.

        ``(b) <<NOTE: Consultation.>>  Digital Identity Technical Roadmap.--
    The Director, in consultation with other relevant Federal agencies and
    stakeholders from the private sector, shall develop and maintain a
    technical roadmap for digital identity management research and
    development focused on enabling the voluntary use and adoption of modern
    digital identity solutions that align with the four criteria in
    subsection (a).

        ``(c) Digital Identity Management Guidance.--
                ``(1) <<NOTE: Updates.>>  In general.--The Director shall
            develop, and periodically update, in collaboration with other
            public and private sector organizations, common definitions and
            voluntary guidance for digital identity management systems,
            including identity and attribute validation services provided by
            Federal, State, and local governments.
                ``(2) Guidance.--The Guidance shall--
                        ``(A) align with the four criteria in subsection
                    (a), as practicable;
                        ``(B) provide case studies of implementation of
                    guidance;
                        ``(C) incorporate voluntary technical standards and
                    industry best practices; and
                        ``(D) not prescribe or otherwise require the use of
                    specific technology products or services.
                ``(3) Consultation.--In carrying out this subsection, the
            Director shall consult with--
                        ``(A) Federal and State agencies;
                        ``(B) industry;
                        ``(C) potential end-users and individuals that will
                    use services related to digital identity verification;
                    and
                        ``(D) <<NOTE: Determination.>>  experts with
                    relevant experience in the systems that enable digital
                    identity verification, as determined by the Director.''.
    SEC. 10226. <<NOTE: 42 USC 18934.>>  BIOMETRICS RESEARCH AND
                                TESTING.

        (a) <<NOTE: Assessment.>>  In General.--The Secretary, acting
    through the Director, shall establish a program to support measurement
    research to inform the development of best practices, benchmarks,
    methodologies, procedures, and voluntary, consensus-based technical
    standards for biometric identification systems, including facial
    recognition systems, to assess and improve the performance of such
    systems. In carrying out such program, the Director may--
                (1) conduct measurement research to support efforts to
            improve the performance of biometric identification systems,
            including in areas related to conformity assessment, image
            quality and interoperability, contactless biometric capture
            technologies, and human-in-the-loop biometric identification
            systems and processes;
                (2) convene and engage with relevant stakeholders to
            establish common definitions and characterizations for biometric
            identification systems, which may include accuracy, fairness,
            bias, privacy, consent, and other properties, taking into
            account definitions in relevant international technical
            standards and other publications;
                (3) carry out measurement research and testing on a range of
            biometric modalities, such as fingerprints, voice, iris, face,

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1480]]

            vein, behavioral biometrics, genetics, multimodal biometrics,
            and emerging applications of biometric identification
            technology;
                (4) study the use of privacy-enhancing technologies and
            other technical protective controls to facilitate access, as
            appropriate, to public data sets for biometric research;
                (5) <<NOTE: Coordination.>>  conduct outreach and
            coordination to share technical expertise with relevant industry
            and nonindustry stakeholders and standards development
            organizations to assist such entities in the development of best
            practices and voluntary technical standards; and
                (6) <<NOTE: Determination.>>  develop such standard
            reference artifacts as the Director determines is necessary to
            further the development of such voluntary technical standards.

        (b) Biometrics Test Program.--
                (1) In general.--The Secretary, acting through the Director,
            shall carry out a test program to provide biometrics vendors the
            opportunity to test biometric identification technologies across
            a range of modalities.
                (2) Activities.--In carrying out the program under this
            subsection, the Director shall--
                        (A) conduct research and regular testing to improve
                    and benchmark the accuracy, efficacy, and bias of
                    biometric identification technologies, which may include
                    research and testing on demographic variations, capture
                    devices, presentation attack detection, partially
                    occluded or computer generated images, privacy and
                    security designs and controls, template protection, de-
                    identification, and comparison of algorithm, human, and
                    combined algorithm-human recognition capability;
                        (B) develop an approach for testing software and
                    cloud-based biometrics applications, including remote
                    systems, in Institute test facilities;
                        (C) <<NOTE: Criteria.>>  establish reference use
                    cases for biometric identification technologies and
                    performance criteria for assessing each use case,
                    including accuracy, efficacy, and bias metrics;
                        (D) <<NOTE: Reports.>>  produce public-facing
                    reports of the findings from such testing for a general
                    audience;
                        (E) <<NOTE: Policies. Procedures.>>  develop
                    policies and procedures accounting for the legal and
                    social implications of activities under this paragraph
                    when working with a foreign entity of concern (as such
                    term is defined in section 10612);
                        (F) <<NOTE: Procedures.>>  establish procedures to
                    prioritize testing of biometrics identification
                    technologies developed by entities headquartered in the
                    United States; and
                        (G) <<NOTE: Determination.>>  conduct such other
                    activities as determined necessary by the Director.

        (c) GAO Report to Congress.--Not later than 18 months after the date
    of the enactment of this Act, the Comptroller General of the United
    States shall submit a detailed report to Congress on the impact of
    biometric identification technologies on historically marginalized
    communities, including low-income communities and minority religious,
    racial, and ethnic groups. <<NOTE: Public information. Web posting.>>
    Such report should be made publicly available on an internet website.

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1481]]

    SEC. 10227. FEDERAL BIOMETRIC PERFORMANCE STANDARDS.

        Subsection (b) of section 20 of the National Institute of Standards
    and Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 278g-3) is amended--
                (1) in paragraph (2), by striking ``and'' after the
            semicolon;
                (2) in paragraph (3), by striking the period and inserting
            ``; and''; and
                (3) by adding at the end the following:
                ``(4) performance standards and guidelines for high risk
            biometric identification systems, including facial recognition
            systems, accounting for various use cases, types of biometric
            identification systems, and relevant operational conditions.''.
    SEC. 10228. PROTECTING RESEARCH FROM CYBERSECURITY THEFT.

        Subparagraph (A) of section 2(e)(1) of the National Institute of
    Standards and Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 272(e)(1)) is amended--
                (1) in clause (viii), by striking ``and'' after the
            semicolon;
                (2) by redesignating clause (ix) as clause (x); and
                (3) by inserting after clause (viii) the following:
                              ``(ix) consider institutions of higher
                          education (as such term is defined in section 101
                          of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C.
                          1001)); and''.
    SEC. 10229. <<NOTE: 42 USC 18935.>>  DISSEMINATION OF RESOURCES
                                FOR RESEARCH INSTITUTIONS.

        (a) Dissemination of Resources for Research Institutions.--
                (1) <<NOTE: Deadline. Public information.>>  In general.--
            Not later than one year after the date of the enactment of this
            Act, the Director shall, using the authorities of the Director
            under subsections (c)(15) and (e)(1)(A)(ix) of section 2 of the
            National Institute of Standards and Technology Act (15 U.S.C.
            272), disseminate and make publicly available tailored resources
            to help qualifying institutions identify, assess, manage, and
            reduce their cybersecurity risk related to conducting research.
                (2) Requirements.--The Director shall ensure that the
            resources disseminated pursuant to paragraph (1)--
                        (A) are generally applicable and usable by a wide
                    range of qualifying institutions;
                        (B) vary with the nature and size of the qualifying
                    institutions, and the nature and sensitivity of the data
                    collected or stored on the information systems or
                    devices of the qualifying institutions;
                        (C) include elements that promote awareness of
                    simple, basic controls, a workplace cybersecurity
                    culture, and third-party stakeholder relationships, to
                    assist qualifying institutions in mitigating common
                    cybersecurity risks;
                        (D) include case studies, examples, and scenarios of
                    practical application;
                        (E) are outcomes-based and can be implemented using
                    a variety of technologies that are commercial and off-
                    the-shelf; and
                        (F) to the extent practicable, are based on
                    international technical standards.
                (3) National cybersecurity awareness and education
            program.--The Director shall ensure that the resources
            disseminated under paragraph (1) are consistent with the

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1482]]

            efforts of the Director under section 303 of the Cybersecurity
            Enhancement Act of 2014 (15 U.S.C. 7443).
                (4) <<NOTE: Reviews. Determination.>>  Updates.--The
            Director shall review periodically and update the resources
            under paragraph (1) as the Director determines appropriate.
                (5) Voluntary resources.--The use of the resources
            disseminated under paragraph (1) shall be considered voluntary.

        (b) Other Federal Cybersecurity Requirements.--Nothing in this
    section may be construed to supersede, alter, or otherwise affect any
    cybersecurity requirements applicable to Federal agencies.
        (c) Definitions.--In this section:
                (1) Qualifying institutions.--The term ``qualifying
            institutions'' means institutions of higher education that are
            awarded in excess of $50,000,000 per year in total Federal
            research funding.
                (2) Resources.--The term ``resources'' means guidelines,
            tools, best practices, technical standards, methodologies, and
            other ways of providing information.
    SEC. 10230. ADVANCED COMMUNICATIONS RESEARCH.

        The National Institute of Standards and Technology Act (15 U.S.C.
    271 et seq.) is amended--
                (1) <<NOTE: 15 USC 271 note.>>  by redesignating section 35
            as section 36; and
                (2) by inserting after section 34 the following:
    ``SEC. 35. <<NOTE: 15 USC 278t.>>  ADVANCED COMMUNICATIONS
                          RESEARCH ACTIVITIES.

        ``(a) Advanced Communications Research.--
                ``(1) <<NOTE: Consultation.>>  In general.--The Director, in
            consultation with the Assistant Secretary for Communications and
            Information, the Director of the National Science Foundation,
            and heads of other Federal agencies, as appropriate, shall carry
            out a program of measurement research for advanced
            communications technologies.
                ``(2) Research areas.--Research areas may include--
                        ``(A) radio frequency emissions and interference,
                    including technologies and techniques to mitigate such
                    emissions and interference;
                        ``(B) advanced antenna arrays and artificial
                    intelligence systems capable of operating advanced
                    antenna arrays;
                        ``(C) artificial intelligence systems to enable
                    internet of things networks, immersive technology, and
                    other advanced communications technologies;
                        ``(D) network sensing and monitoring technologies;
                        ``(E) technologies to enable spectrum flexibility
                    and agility;
                        ``(F) optical and quantum communications
                    technologies;
                        ``(G) security of advanced communications systems;
                        ``(H) public safety communications;
                        ``(I) resilient internet of things applications for
                    advanced manufacturing; and
                        ``(J) <<NOTE: Determination.>>  other research areas
                    determined necessary by the Director.
                ``(3) <<NOTE: Coordination.>>  Testbeds.--In coordination
            with the Assistant Secretary for Communications and Information,
            the private sector, and other Federal agencies as appropriate,
            the Director may develop and manage testbeds for research and
            development

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1483]]

            of advanced communications technologies, avoiding duplication of
            existing testbeds run by other agencies or the private sector.
                ``(4) Outreach.--In carrying out the activities under this
            subsection, the Director shall seek input from other Federal
            agencies and from private sector stakeholders, on an ongoing
            basis, to help inform research and development priorities,
            including through workshops and other multistakeholder
            activities.
                ``(5) <<NOTE: Updates.>>  Technical roadmaps.--In carrying
            out the activities under this subsection, the Director shall
            convene industry, institutions of higher education, nonprofit
            organizations, Federal laboratories, and other Federal agencies
            engaged in advanced communications research and development to
            develop, and periodically update, coordinated technical roadmaps
            for advanced communications research in priority areas, such as
            those described in paragraph (2).

        ``(b) National Advanced Spectrum and Communications Test Network.--
    <<NOTE: Coordination.>>
                ``(1) In general.--The Director, in coordination with the
            Administrator of the National Telecommunications and Information
            Administration and heads of other Federal agencies, as
            appropriate, shall operate a national network of government,
            academic, and commercial test capabilities and facilities to be
            known as the National Advanced Spectrum and Communications Test
            Network (referred to in this section as `NASCTN').
                ``(2) Purposes.--NASCTN shall be for the purposes of
            facilitating and coordinating the use of intellectual capacity,
            modeling and simulation, laboratory facilities, and test
            facilities to meet national spectrum interests and challenges,
            including--
                        ``(A) <<NOTE: Analyses.>>  measurements and analyses
                    of electromagnetic propagation, radio systems
                    characteristics, and operating techniques affecting the
                    utilization of the electromagnetic spectrum in
                    coordination with specialized, related research and
                    analysis performed by other Federal agencies in their
                    areas of responsibility;
                        ``(B) <<NOTE: Analysis.>>  conducting research and
                    analysis in the general field of telecommunications
                    sciences in support of the Institute's mission and in
                    support of other Government agencies;
                        ``(C) developing methodologies for testing,
                    measuring, and setting guidelines for interference;
                        ``(D) conducting interference tests to better
                    understand the impact of current and proposed Federal
                    and commercial spectrum activities;
                        ``(E) conducting research and testing to improve
                    spectrum interference tolerance, flexibility, agility,
                    and interference mitigation methods; and
                        ``(F) <<NOTE: Determination.>>  other activities as
                    determined necessary by the Director.''.
    SEC. 10231. <<NOTE: 42 USC 18936.>>  NEUTRON SCATTERING.

        (a) Strategic Plan for the Institute Neutron Reactor.--The Director
    shall develop a strategic plan for the future of the NIST Center for
    Neutron Research after the current neutron reactor is decommissioned,
    including--

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1484]]

                (1) <<NOTE: Timeline.>>  a succession plan for the reactor,
            including a roadmap with timeline and milestones;
                (2) conceptual design of a new reactor and accompanying
            facilities, as appropriate; and
                (3) a plan to minimize disruptions to the user community
            during the transition.

        (b) Coordination With the Department of Energy.--The Secretary,
    acting through the Director, shall coordinate with the Secretary of
    Energy on issues related to Federal support for neutron science,
    including estimation of long-term needs for research using neutron
    sources, and planning efforts for future facilities to meet such needs.
        (c) <<NOTE: Notification.>>  Report to Congress.--Not later than 30
    months after the date of enactment of this Act, the Director shall
    submit to Congress the plan required under subsection (a), and shall
    notify Congress of any substantial updates to such plan in subsequent
    years.
    SEC. 10232. ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE.

        (a) <<NOTE: 42 USC 18937.>>  In General.--The Director shall
    continue to support the development of artificial intelligence and data
    science, and carry out the activities of the National Artificial
    Intelligence Initiative Act of 2020 authorized in division E of the
    National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 (Public Law 116-
    283), including through--
                (1) expanding the Institute's capabilities, including
            scientific staff and research infrastructure;
                (2) supporting measurement research and development for
            advanced computer chips and hardware designed for artificial
            intelligence systems;
                (3) <<NOTE: Standards. Guidelines.>>  supporting the
            development of technical standards and guidelines that promote
            safe and trustworthy artificial intelligence systems, such as
            enhancing the accuracy, explainability, privacy, reliability,
            robustness, safety, security, and mitigation of harmful bias in
            artificial intelligence systems;
                (4) creating a framework for managing risks associated with
            artificial intelligence systems; and
                (5) <<NOTE: Publication.>>  developing and publishing
            cybersecurity tools, encryption methods, and best practices for
            artificial intelligence and data science.

        (b) AI Testbeds.--Section 22A of the National Institute of Standards
    and Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 278h-1) is amended--
                (1) by redesignating subsection (g) as subsection (h); and
                (2) by inserting after subsection (f) the following:

        ``(g) <<NOTE: Coordination. Examination.>>  Testbeds.--In
    coordination with other Federal agencies as appropriate, the private
    sector, and institutions of higher education (as such term is defined in
    section 101 of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1001)), the
    Director may establish testbeds, including in virtual environments, to
    support the development of robust and trustworthy artificial
    intelligence and machine learning systems, including testbeds that
    examine the vulnerabilities and conditions that may lead to failure in,
    malfunction of, or attacks on such systems.''.
    SEC. 10233. <<NOTE: 42 USC 18938.>>  SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY
                                RESEARCH AND EDUCATION.

        In <<NOTE: Coordination.>>  accordance with section 263 of the
    National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 (15 U.S.C.
    9303), the Director shall carry out activities in support of sustainable
    chemistry,

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1485]]

    including coordinating and partnering with academia, industry, nonprofit
    organizations, and other entities in activities to support clean, safe,
    and economic alternatives, technologies, and methodologies to
    traditional chemical products and processes.
    SEC. 10234. <<NOTE: 42 USC 18939.>>  PREMISE PLUMBING RESEARCH.

        (a) <<NOTE: Consultation.>>  In General.--The Secretary, acting
    through the Director, shall create a program, in consultation with the
    Environmental Protection Agency, for premise plumbing research,
    including to--
                (1) conduct metrology research on premise plumbing in
            relation to water safety, security, efficiency, sustainability,
            and resilience; and
                (2) <<NOTE: Coordination.>>  coordinate research activities
            with academia, the private sector, nonprofit organizations, and
            other Federal agencies.

        (b) Definitions.--For purposes of this section, the term ``premise
    plumbing'' means the water distribution system located within the
    property lines of a property, including all buildings and permanent
    structures on such property. Such term includes building supply and
    distribution pipes, fixtures, fittings, water heaters, water-treating
    and water-using equipment, and all respective joints, connections,
    devices, and appurtenances.
    SEC. 10235. <<NOTE: 42 USC 18940.>>  DR. DAVID SATCHER
                                CYBERSECURITY EDUCATION GRANT PROGRAM.

        (a) Authorization of Grants.--
                (1) In general.--Subject to the availability of
            appropriations, the Director shall carry out the Dr. David
            Satcher Cybersecurity Education Grant Program by--
                        (A) awarding grants to assist institutions of higher
                    education that have an enrollment of needy students,
                    historically Black colleges and universities, Tribal
                    Colleges and Universities, and minority-serving
                    institutions, to establish or expand cybersecurity
                    programs, to build and upgrade institutional capacity to
                    better support new or existing cybersecurity programs,
                    including cybersecurity partnerships with public and
                    private entities, and to support such institutions on
                    the path to producing qualified entrants in the
                    cybersecurity workforce or becoming a National Center of
                    Academic Excellence in Cybersecurity; and
                        (B) awarding grants to build capacity at
                    institutions of higher education that have an enrollment
                    of needy students, historically Black colleges and
                    universities, Tribal Colleges and Universities, and
                    minority-serving institutions, to expand cybersecurity
                    education opportunities, cybersecurity programs,
                    cybersecurity research, and cybersecurity partnerships
                    with public and private entities.
                (2) Reservation.--The Director shall award not less than 50
            percent of the amount available for grants under this section to
            historically Black colleges and universities, Tribal Colleges
            and Universities, and minority-serving institutions.
                (3) Coordination.--The Director shall carry out this section
            in coordination with appropriate Federal agencies, including the
            Departments of Homeland Security, Education, and Labor.
                (4) Sunset.--The Director's authority to award grants under
            paragraph (1) shall terminate on the date that is 5

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1486]]

            years after the date the Director first awards a grant under
            paragraph (1).

        (b) Applications.--An eligible institution seeking a grant under
    subsection (a) shall submit an application to the Director at such time,
    in such manner, and containing such information as the Director may
    reasonably require, including a statement of how the institution will
    use the funds awarded through the grant to expand cybersecurity
    education opportunities at the eligible institution.
        (c) Activities.--An eligible institution that receives a grant under
    this section may use the funds awarded through such grant for increasing
    research, education, technical, partnership, and innovation capacity,
    including for--
                (1) building and upgrading institutional capacity to better
            support new or existing cybersecurity programs, including
            cybersecurity partnerships with public and private entities;
                (2) building and upgrading institutional capacity to provide
            hands-on research and training experiences for undergraduate and
            graduate students; and
                (3) outreach and recruitment to ensure students are aware of
            such new or existing cybersecurity programs, including
            cybersecurity partnerships with public and private entities.

        (d) <<NOTE: Time periods.>>  Reporting Requirements.--Not later
    than--
                (1) one year after the effective date of this section, as
            provided in subsection (f), and annually thereafter until the
            Director submits the report under paragraph (2), the Director
            shall prepare and submit to Congress a report on the status and
            progress of implementation of the grant program under this
            section, including on the number and demographics of
            institutions participating, the number and nature of students
            served by cybersecurity programs at institutions receiving
            grants, as well as the number of certificates or degrees awarded
            through such cybersecurity programs, the level of funding
            provided to grant recipients, the types of activities being
            funded by the grants program, and plans for future
            implementation and development; and
                (2) five years after the effective date of this section, as
            provided in subsection (f), the Director shall prepare and
            submit to Congress a report on the status of cybersecurity
            education programming and capacity-building at institutions
            receiving grants under this section, including changes in the
            scale and scope of these programs, associated facilities, or in
            accreditation status, and on the educational and employment
            outcomes of students participating in cybersecurity programs
            that have received support under this section.

        (e) Performance Metrics.--The Director shall establish performance
    metrics for grants awarded under this section.
        (f) Effective Date.--This section shall take effect 1 year after the
    date of enactment of this Act.

                         Subtitle C--General Activities

    SEC. 10241. EDUCATIONAL OUTREACH AND SUPPORT FOR UNDERREPRESENTED
                                COMMUNITIES.

        Section 18 of the National Institute of Standards and Technology Act
    (15 U.S.C. 278g-1) is amended--

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1487]]

                (1) in subsection (a), in the second sentence--
                        (A) by striking ``may'' and inserting ``shall''; and
                        (B) by striking ``academia'' and inserting ``diverse
                    types of institutions of higher education, including
                    historically Black colleges and universities, Tribal
                    Colleges and Universities, and minority-serving
                    institutions, and community colleges''; and
                (2) in subsection (e)--
                        (A) in paragraph (4), by striking ``and'' at the
                    end;
                        (B) in paragraph (5), by striking the period at the
                    end and inserting ``; and''; and
                        (C) by inserting after paragraph (5) the following:
                ``(6) conduct outreach to and develop research
            collaborations with historically Black colleges and
            universities, Tribal Colleges or Universities, and minority
            serving institutions, including through the recruitment of
            students and faculty at such institutions to participate in
            programs developed under paragraph (3);
                ``(7) conduct outreach to and develop research
            collaborations with community colleges, including through the
            recruitment of students and faculty at such institutions to
            participate in programs developed under paragraph (3);
                ``(8) carry out other activities to increase the
            participation of persons historically underrepresented in STEM
            in the Institute's programs; and
                ``(9) conduct outreach to and develop collaborations with
            nontraditional educational organizations, including those that
            offer training through nonprofit associations and professional
            associations or professional societies, to engage persons
            historically underrepresented in STEM through programs developed
            under this subsection.''.
    SEC. 10242. OTHER TRANSACTIONS AUTHORITY.

        (a) In General.--Paragraph (4) of section 2(b) of the National
    Institute of Standards and Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 272(b)) is amended
    to read as follows:
                ``(4) <<NOTE: Contracts. Grants.>>  to enter into and
            perform such contracts, including cooperative research and
            development arrangements and grants and cooperative agreements
            or other transactions, as may be necessary in the conduct of its
            work and on such terms as it may determine appropriate, in
            furtherance of the purposes of this Act;''.

        (b) <<NOTE: Time period. 15 USC 272 note.>>  Reporting.--Not later
    than one year after the date of the enactment of this Act and not less
    than annually thereafter, the Secretary shall submit to the Committee on
    Science, Space, and Technology and the Committee on Appropriations of
    the House of Representatives and the Committee on Commerce, Science, and
    Transportation and the Committee on Appropriations of the Senate a
    report on the use of agreements, activities, and associated funding for
    transactions (other than contracts, cooperative agreements, and grants)
    described in paragraph (4) of section 2(b) of the National Institute of
    Standards and Technology Act (as amended by subsection (a)), including
    the following elements:
                (1) A description of when the other transactions authority
            described in such amended paragraph was used and for what
            purpose.

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1488]]

                (2) A description of why such other transactions authority
            was required.
                (3) Steps taken to ensure necessary and sufficient oversight
            of Federal Government requirements implemented using such other
            transactions authority.
    SEC. 10243. REPORT TO CONGRESS ON COLLABORATIONS WITH GOVERNMENT
                                AGENCIES.

        Not later than 6 months after the date of the enactment of this Act,
    the Director shall submit a report to the Committee on Science, Space,
    and Technology and the Committee on Appropriations of the House of
    Representatives and the Committee on Commerce, Science, and
    Transportation and the Committee on Appropriations of the Senate
    describing the Institute's challenges with respect to collaboration
    between the Institute and other Federal agencies. The report shall
    include, at a minimum--
                (1) <<NOTE: Assessment.>>  an assessment of the challenges
            that arise with interagency collaboration, including transfer of
            funds with a limited period of availability to the Institute and
            issues with sharing personnel, associates, facilities, and
            property with collaborating agencies; and
                (2) descriptions of projects that were disrupted due to the
            challenges outlined in paragraph (1).
    SEC. 10244. HIRING CRITICAL TECHNICAL EXPERTS.

        Section 6 of the National Institute of Standards and Technology Act
    (15 U.S.C. 275) is amended to read as follows:
    ``SEC. 6. <<NOTE: Appointments.>>  HIRING CRITICAL TECHNICAL
                        EXPERTS.

        ``(a) In General.--The officers and employees of the Institute,
    except the director, shall be appointed by the Secretary at such time as
    their respective services may become necessary.
        ``(b) <<NOTE: Determination.>>  Hiring Critical Technical Experts.--
    Notwithstanding section 3104 of title 5 or the provisions of any other
    law relating to the appointment, number, classification, or compensation
    of employees, the Secretary shall have the authority to make
    appointments of scientific, engineering, and professional personnel, and
    to fix the basic pay of such personnel at a rate to be determined by the
    Secretary at rates not in excess of the highest total annual
    compensation payable at the rate determined under section 104 of title
    3, United States Code. The Director shall appoint not more than 15
    personnel under this section.

        ``(c) Sunset.--The authority under section (b) shall expire on the
    date that is 5 years after the date of the enactment of this section.''.
    SEC. 10245. <<NOTE: 42 USC 18951.>>  INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS
                                DEVELOPMENT.

        (a) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that--
                (1) the principles of openness, transparency, due process,
            balance of interests, appeals, and consensus in the development
            of international standards are critical;
                (2) voluntary consensus standards, developed through an
            industry-led process, serve as the cornerstone of the United
            States standardization system and have become the basis of a
            sound national economy and the key to global market access;
                (3) strengthening the unique United States public-private
            partnerships approach to standards development is critical to
            United States economic competitiveness; and

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1489]]

                (4) the United States Government should ensure cooperation
            and coordination across Federal agencies to partner with and
            support private sector stakeholders to continue to shape
            international dialogues in regard to standards development for
            emerging technologies.

        (b) International Standards Engagement.--
                (1) <<NOTE: Coordination.>>  In general.--The Director shall
            lead information exchange and coordination among Federal
            agencies and communication from Federal agencies to the private
            sector of the United States to ensure effective Federal
            engagement in the development and use of international technical
            standards.
                (2) Requirements.--To support private sector-led engagement
            and ensure effective Federal engagement in the development and
            use of international technical standards, the Director shall
            consider--
                        (A) the role and needs of the Federal Government
                    with respect to international technical standards;
                        (B) organizations developing international technical
                    standards of interest to the United States, United
                    States representation and influence in these
                    organizations, and key contributors for technical and
                    leadership expertise in these organizations;
                        (C) support for persons with domain subject matter
                    expertise, especially from small businesses located in
                    the United States, to influence and engage in technical
                    standards leadership positions, working groups and
                    meetings;
                        (D) opportunities for partnerships for supporting
                    international technical standards from across the
                    Federal Government, Federally funded research and
                    development centers, university-affiliated research
                    centers, institutions of higher education, industry,
                    industry associations, nonprofit organizations, and
                    other key contributors;
                        (E) support for activities to encourage the adoption
                    of technical standards developed in the United States to
                    be adopted by international standards organizations; and
                        (F) <<NOTE: Determination.>>  other activities
                    determined by the Director to be necessary to support
                    United States participation in international standards
                    development, economic competitiveness, and national
                    security in the development and use of international
                    technical standards.

        (c) Capacity Building Guidance.--The Director shall support
    education and workforce development efforts to promote United States
    participation in international standards organizations. The Director
    shall--
                (1) identify and create, as appropriate, technical standards
            education and training resources for interested businesses,
            industry associations, academia, nonprofit organizations,
            Federal agencies, and other relevant standards contributors,
            including activities targeted at integrating standards content
            into undergraduate and graduate curricula in science,
            engineering, business, public policy, and law;
                (2) conduct outreach, including to private sector leaders,
            to support engagement by more United States stakeholders in
            international technical standards development; and
                (3) <<NOTE: Determination.>>  other activities determined
            necessary by the Director to support increased engagement,
            influence, and leadership

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1490]]

            of United States organizations in the development of
            international technical standards.

        (d) Capacity Building Pilot Program.--
                (1) <<NOTE: Coordination. Contracts. Time period. Grants.>>
            In general.--The Director, in coordination with the Director of
            the National Science Foundation, and the heads of other relevant
            Federal agencies, as appropriate, shall establish or enter into
            cooperative agreements with appropriate nongovernmental
            organizations to establish a 5-year pilot program to award
            grants, on a merit-reviewed, competitive basis, to private
            sector entities, institutions of higher education, or nonprofit
            institutions based in the United States to support increased
            participation and leadership by small business and academic
            interests in international standards organizations.
                (2) Use of funds.--Grants awarded to eligible entities under
            this subsection may be used to cover reasonable costs, up to a
            specified ceiling set by the Director, of activities to support
            increased engagement and leadership of eligible entity employees
            in international standards organizations, which may include
            costs associated with--
                        (A) travel;
                        (B) education and training;
                        (C) dues or fees related to participation in
                    technical standards development activities; and
                        (D) <<NOTE: Determination.>>  other such costs that
                    the Director determines may reasonably support
                    participation of the eligible entity in international
                    standards organizations.
                (3) Award criteria.--The Director shall ensure that award
            decisions made under this subsection take into account the
            extent to which the eligible entity--
                        (A) employs full-time an individual or individuals
                    who demonstrate deep technical standards expertise;
                        (B) employs full-time an individual or individuals
                    who demonstrate knowledge with the processes of the
                    standards development organization in which the eligible
                    entity intends to engage using grant funds;
                        (C) proposes a feasible set of standard deliverables
                    to be completed over the period of the grant;
                        (D) explains how the eligible entity will fund
                    additional standards-related activities necessary to
                    achieve the deliverables referred to in subparagraph (C)
                    if the grant funds are insufficient to cover all costs
                    of such activities;
                        (E) commits personnel with appropriate expertise to
                    regularly engage in relevant international organizations
                    responsible for developing technical standards over the
                    period of the grant; and
                        (F) identifies a clearly defined current or
                    anticipated market need or gap that would be addressed
                    by their standards development proposal.
                (4) Eligibility.--A small business concern (as such term is
            defined in section 3 of the Small Business Act (15 U.S.C. 632)
            based in the United States, an institution of higher education,
            or a nonprofit institution (as such term is defined in section 4
            of the Stevenson-Wydler Technology Innovation Act of 1980 (15
            U.S.C. 3703)) shall be eligible to receive grants under this
            program.
                (5) <<NOTE: Updates. Requirements.>>  Guidance on
            application and award process.--The Director shall develop, and
            periodically update, guidance,

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1491]]

            including eligibility, applicant disclosure requirements, grant
            amount and duration, the merit review process, priority areas
            for standards development, and any additional requirements for
            how grants are awarded under this subsection.
                (6) Merit review process.--The Director shall ensure that
            grants under this subsection are awarded based on a competitive,
            merit review process including the use of merit review panels
            that may include experts from both government, the private
            sector, and, as appropriate, academic, nonprofit, or other
            organizations as the Director determines appropriate.
                (7) Consultation.--In carrying out the pilot program
            established under this subsection, the Director shall consult
            with other Federal agencies, private sector organizations,
            institutions of higher education, and nonprofit organizations to
            help inform the pilot program, including the guidance developed
            under paragraph (5).
                (8) Report to congress.--The Director shall brief Congress
            after the second year of the pilot program and each year
            following that includes the following:
                        (A) <<NOTE: Assessment.>>  An assessment of the
                    effectiveness of the pilot program for improving the
                    participation of United States small businesses, United
                    States institutions of higher education, or other
                    nonprofit research institutions in international
                    standards organizations, including--
                              (i) the type of activities supported,
                          including leadership roles;
                              (ii) the international standards organizations
                          participated in; and
                              (iii) the technical areas covered by the
                          activities.
                        (B) <<NOTE: Determination. Plan.>>  If determined
                    effective, a plan for permanent implementation of the
                    pilot program.
    SEC. 10246. STANDARD TECHNICAL UPDATE.

        (a) National Institute of Standards and Technology Act Updates.--The
    National Institute of Standards and Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 271) is
    amended--
                (1) by amending subsection (a) of section 17 (15 U.S.C.
            278g) to read as follows:

        ``(a) The Secretary is authorized, notwithstanding any other
    provision of law, to expend such sums, within the limit of appropriated
    funds, as the Secretary may determine desirable through direct support
    for activities of international organizations and foreign national
    metrology institutes with which the Institute cooperates to advance
    measurement methods, technical standards, and related basic
    technologies, for official representation, to host official receptions,
    dinners, and similar events, and to otherwise extend official
    courtesies, including transportation of foreign dignitaries and
    representatives of foreign national metrology institutes to and from the
    Institute, for the purpose of maintaining the standing and prestige of
    the Department of Commerce and the Institute, through the grant of
    fellowships or other appropriate form of financial or logistical
    assistance or support to foreign nationals not in service to the
    Government of the United States while they are performing scientific or
    engineering work at the Institute or participating in the exchange of
    scientific or technical information at the Institute.''; and
                (2) in section 20 (15 U.S.C. 278g-3)--

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1492]]

                        (A) in subsection (c), by amending paragraph (3) to
                    read as follows:
                ``(3) submit such standards and guidelines to the Secretary
            of Commerce for promulgation under section 11331 of title 40;'';
            and
                        (B) in subsection (d)--
                              (i) in paragraph (1), by striking ``Director
                          of the Office of Management and Budget'' and
                          inserting ``Secretary of Commerce''; and
                              (ii) in paragraph (8), by striking ``Director
                          of Management and Budget with such standards
                          submitted to the Director'' and inserting
                          ``Secretary of Commerce with such standards
                          submitted to the Secretary''.

        (b) Stevenson-Wydler Updates.--The Stevenson-Wydler Technology
    Innovation Act of 1980 (15 U.S.C. 3701 et seq.) is amended--
                (1) in paragraph (1) of section 17(c) (15 U.S.C. 3711a(c))--
                        (A) by moving each of subparagraphs (D) and (E) two
                    ems to the left; and
                        (B) by adding at the end the following:
                        ``(G) Community.''; and
                (2) in subsection (m) of section 26 (15 U.S.C. 3721)--
                        (A) by striking paragraph (2);
                        (B) by redesignating paragraph (3) as paragraph (2);
                    and
                        (C) in paragraph (2), as so redesignated, by
                    striking ``and the Comptroller General's review under
                    paragraph (2)''.

        (c) American Innovation and Competitiveness Act Update.--Section
    113 <<NOTE: Repeal.>>  of the American Innovation and Competitiveness
    Act (15 U.S.C. 278e note) is repealed.

        (d) <<NOTE: Repeal.>>  Clerical Amendment.--The item relating to
    section 113 in the table of contents in section 1(b) of the American
    Innovation and Competitiveness Act is repealed.

        (e) Federal Energy Management Improvement Act Update.--Section 4 of
    the Federal Energy Management Improvement Act of 1988 (15 U.S.C. 5001)
    is amended--
                (1) by striking ``Secretary of Commerce'' and ``Secretary''
            each place either such term appears and inserting ``Consumer
            Product Safety Commission'';
                (2) by redesignating the second subsection (c) as subsection
            (e); and
                (3) in subsection (g), by redesignating clauses (i) and (ii)
            as paragraphs (1) and (2), respectively.

        (f) Title 40, United States Code.--Section 11331 of title 40, United
    States Code, is amended by striking subsections (a) through (d) and
    inserting the following:
        ``(a) Standards and Guidelines.--
                ``(1) Authority to prescribe.--Except as provided under
            paragraph (2), the Secretary of Commerce shall, on the basis of
            standards and guidelines developed by the National Institute of
            Standards and Technology pursuant to paragraphs (2) and (3) of
            section 20(a) of the National Institute of Standards and
            Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 278g-3(a)), prescribe standards and
            guidelines pertaining to Federal information systems.

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1493]]

                ``(2) National security systems.--Standards and guidelines
            for national security systems shall be developed, prescribed,
            enforced, and overseen as otherwise authorized by law and as
            directed by the President.

        ``(b) Mandatory Requirements.--
                ``(1) <<NOTE: Determination.>>  Authority to make
            mandatory.--Except as provided under paragraph (2), the
            Secretary of Commerce shall make standards prescribed under
            subsection (a)(1) compulsory and binding to the extent
            determined necessary by the Secretary to improve the efficiency
            of operation or security of Federal information systems.
                ``(2) Required mandatory standards.--
                        ``(A) In general.--Standards prescribed under
                    subsection (a)(1) shall include information security
                    standards that--
                              ``(i) <<NOTE: Determination.>>  provide
                          minimum information security requirements as
                          determined under section 20(b) of the National
                          Institute of Standards and Technology Act (15
                          U.S.C. 278g-3(b)); and
                              ``(ii) are otherwise necessary to improve the
                          security of Federal information and information
                          systems.
                        ``(B) Requirement.--Information security standards
                    described in subparagraph (A) shall be compulsory and
                    binding.

        ``(c) <<NOTE: President. Determination.>>  Authority to Disapprove
    or Modify.--The President may disapprove or modify the standards and
    guidelines referred to in subsection (a)(1) if the President determines
    such action to be in the public interest. The President's authority to
    disapprove or modify such standards and guidelines may not be
    delegated. <<NOTE: Notice. Federal Register, publication.>>  Notice of
    such disapproval or modification shall be published promptly in the
    Federal Register. Upon receiving notice of such disapproval or
    modification, the Secretary of Commerce shall immediately rescind or
    modify such standards or guidelines as directed by the President.

        ``(d) <<NOTE: President. Coordination.>>  Exercise of Authority.--To
    ensure fiscal and policy consistency, the Secretary of Commerce shall
    exercise the authority conferred by this section subject to direction by
    the President and in coordination with the Director of the Office of
    Management and Budget.

        ``(e) Application of More Stringent Standards.--The head of an
    executive agency may employ standards for the cost-effective information
    security for Federal information systems within or under the supervision
    of that agency that are more stringent than the standards the Secretary
    prescribes under this section if the more stringent standards--
                ``(1) contain at least the applicable standards made
            compulsory and binding by the Secretary of Commerce; and
                ``(2) are otherwise consistent with policies and guidelines
            issued under section 3553 of title 44.

        ``(f) <<NOTE: Deadline.>>  Decisions on Promulgation of Standards.--
    The decision by the Secretary of Commerce regarding the promulgation of
    any standard under this section shall occur not later than 6 months
    after the submission of the proposed standard to the Secretary by the
    National Institute of Standards and Technology, as provided under
    section 20 of the National Institute of Standards and Technology Act (15
    U.S.C. 278g-3).

        ``(g) Definitions.--In this section:

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1494]]

                ``(1) Federal information system.--The term `Federal
            information system' means an information system used or operated
            by an executive agency, by a contractor of an executive agency,
            or by another organization on behalf of an executive agency.
                ``(2) Information security.--The term `information security'
            has the meaning given that term in section 3552(b)(3) of title
            44.
                ``(3) National security system.--The term `national security
            system' has the meaning given that term in section 3552(b)(6) of
            title 44.''.

        (g) Technical and Conforming Amendment.--Paragraph (2) of section
    20(a) of the National Institute of Standards and Technology Act (15
    U.S.C. 278g-3(a)) is amended by striking ``section 3552(b)(5) of title
    44, United States Code'' and inserting ``section 3552(b)(6) of title 44,
    United States Code''.
        (h) National Construction Safety Team Act Updates.--Section 4 of the
    National Construction Safety Team Act (15 U.S.C. 7303) is amended--
                (1) in subsection (c), by adding at the end the following:
                ``(5) Civil suits.--Where practicable, a Team shall
            cooperate with civil litigants without compromising a Team's
            investigation or the evidence preservation activities as
            described in this section.''; and
                (2) in subsection (d)--
                        (A) in the subsection heading, by striking
                    ``Interagency'' and inserting ``Investigation''; and
                        (B) in paragraph (1), by inserting ``or any civil
                    suit or civil action'' after ``Federal agency''.
    SEC. 10247. GAO STUDY OF NIST RESEARCH SECURITY POLICIES AND
                                PROTOCOLS.

        (a) <<NOTE: Deadline.>>  Evaluation.--Not later than 1 year after
    the date of enactment of this Act, the Comptroller General of the United
    States shall conduct a study of the Institute's policies and protocols
    to protect its research and combat undue foreign influence.

        (b) <<NOTE: Assessments.>>  Matters to Be Included.--The study
    conducted under subsection (a) shall include, to the extent practicable,
    the following:
                (1) <<NOTE: Analysis. Time period.>>  An analysis of steps
            taken by the Institute to address foreign threats to Institute-
            funded research over the previous 5 years.
                (2) <<NOTE: Analysis. Coordination.>>  An analysis of the
            coordination and engagement between the Department of Commerce's
            Office of Inspector General, the Department of Commerce's Office
            of Intelligence, the National Counterintelligence and Security
            Center of the Office of the Director of National Intelligence,
            and the Institute in identifying and addressing concerning
            findings.
                (3) An assessment of the Institute's review process for
            foreign national associates.
                (4) An assessment of the Institute's policies as it relates
            to employees and associates participating in foreign talent
            recruitment programs.
                (5) An assessment of the Institute's implementation of
            conflict of interest and disclosure policies and requirements,
            including the disclosure requirements authorized in section 223
            of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021
            (Public Law 116-283).

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1495]]

                (6) An assessment of the Institute's, the Department of
            Commerce's Office of Security, the Department of Commerce's
            Office of Intelligence, and the Department of Commerce's Office
            of Inspector General's ability to monitor and enforce conflict
            of interest and disclosure policies and requirements, including
            the disclosure requirements authorized in section 223 of the
            National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 (Public
            Law 116-283).
                (7) An assessment of the Institute's, the Department of
            Commerce's, and the Department of Commerce's Office of Inspector
            General's ability to conduct risk assessments of research and
            development award applications and disclosures to the Institute.
                (8) An assessment of the Institute's research security
            training programs for both internal and externally-supported
            researchers and associates, including training focused on
            international collaboration, and international travel, foreign
            interference, and rules for proper use of funds, disclosure,
            conflict of commitment, and conflict of interest.
                (9) <<NOTE: Analysis. Summary. Time period.>>  An analysis
            and summary of incidents of undue foreign influence at
            Institute-supported research facilities and programs over the
            past 10 years.
                (10) <<NOTE: Recommenda- tions.>>  Recommendations for the
            Institute to bolster its research security policies and
            protocols.
                (11) Other matters the Comptroller General determines
            appropriate.

        (c) <<NOTE: Deadline.>>  Congressional Briefing.--Not later than 180
    days after the date of enactment of this Act, the Comptroller General
    shall brief the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology and the
    Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence of the House of
    Representatives and the Committee of Commerce, Science, and
    Transportation and the Select Committee on Intelligence of the Senate on
    the findings available from the evaluation conducted under subsection
    (a).

        (d) <<NOTE: Recommenda- tions.>>  Report.--Not later than 18 months
    after the date of enactment of this Act, the Comptroller General shall
    submit to the congressional committees specified in subsection (c) a
    report on the findings and recommendations of the evaluation conducted
    under subsection (a).
    SEC. 10248. <<NOTE: 42 USC 18952.>>  STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT
                                ORGANIZATION GRANTS.

        (a) Nongovernmental Standards Development Organization Defined.--In
    this section, the term ``nongovernmental standards development
    organization'' means a nongovernmental standards development
    organization (as defined in section 2(e) of the Office of Management and
    Budget Circular A-119 (relating to Federal participation in the
    development and use of voluntary consensus standards in conformity
    assessment activities), or any successor document) that adheres to the
    American National Standards Institute (ANSI) Essential Requirements for
    Due Process for American National Standards.
        (b) Grant Authority.--The Secretary of Commerce, acting through the
    Director, shall establish a competitive program of grants for
    nongovernmental standards development organizations for the purposes
    described in subsection (c).
        (c) <<NOTE: Review.>>  Purposes.--A grant awarded under subsection
    (b) shall be used to develop, approve, disseminate, maintain, and review

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1496]]

    forensic science voluntary consensus standards and best practices that
    shall be available to the public free of charge.

        (d) <<NOTE: Guidelines. Procedures.>>  Additional Requirements.--The
    Director may promulgate such requirements, guidelines, and procedures as
    may be necessary to carry out this section.

        (e) Authorization of Appropriations.--There are authorized to be
    appropriated to carry out this section $2,000,000 for each of fiscal
    years 2022 through 2026.

            Subtitle D--Hollings Manufacturing Extension Partnership

    SEC. 10251. ESTABLISHMENT OF EXPANSION AWARDS PILOT PROGRAM AS A
                                PART OF THE HOLLINGS MANUFACTURING
                                EXTENSION PARTNERSHIP.

        (a) Establishment of Expansion Awards Program.--The National
    Institute of Standards and Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 271 et seq.) is
    amended by inserting after section 25A (15 U.S.C. 278k-1) the following:
    ``SEC. 25B. <<NOTE: 15 USC 278k-2.>>  EXPANSION AWARDS PILOT
                            PROGRAM.

        ``(a) Definitions.--The terms used in this section have the meanings
    given the terms in section 25.
        ``(b) Establishment.--The Director shall establish, subject to the
    availability of appropriations, as a part of the Hollings Manufacturing
    Extension Partnership under sections 25 and 25A, a pilot program of
    expansion awards among participants described in subsection (c) for the
    purposes described in subsection (e).
        ``(c) Participants.--Participants receiving awards under this
    section shall be Centers, or a consortium of Centers (as such term is
    defined in section 25).
        ``(d) Award Amounts.--Subject to the availability of appropriations,
    an award for a recipient under this section shall be in an amount equal
    to the sum of the following:
                ``(1) Such amount as the Director considers appropriate as a
            minimum base funding level for each award under this section.
                ``(2) Such additional amount as the Director considers in
            proportion to the manufacturing density of the region of the
            recipient.
                ``(3) Such supplemental amounts as the Director considers
            appropriate.

        ``(e) Purpose of Awards.--An award under this section shall be made
    for one or more of the following purposes:
                ``(1) To provide worker education, training, development,
            and entrepreneurship training and to connect individuals or
            business with such services offered in their community, which
            may include employee ownership and workforce training, including
            connecting manufacturers with career and technical education
            entities, institutions of higher education (including community
            colleges), workforce development boards, labor organizations,
            and nonprofit job training providers to develop and support
            training and job placement services, including apprenticeship
            and online learning platforms, for new and incumbent workers,
            programming to prevent job losses when

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1497]]

            adopting new technologies and processes, and development of
            employee ownership practices.
                ``(2) To provide services to improve the resiliency of
            domestic supply chains.
                ``(3) To mitigate vulnerabilities to cyberattacks, including
            helping to offset the cost of cybersecurity projects for small
            manufacturers.
                ``(4) To expand advanced technology services to United
            States-based small- and medium-sized manufacturers, which may
            include--
                        ``(A) developing technology demonstration
                    laboratories;
                        ``(B) training and demonstration in areas of supply
                    chain and critical technology needs, including a focus
                    on the demonstration of technologies developed by
                    companies based in the United States;
                        ``(C) services for the adoption of advanced
                    technologies, including smart manufacturing technologies
                    and practices; and
                        ``(D) establishing partnerships, for the
                    development, demonstration, and deployment of advanced
                    technologies, with--
                              ``(i) national laboratories (as defined in
                          section 2 of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42
                          U.S.C. 15801));
                              ``(ii) Federal laboratories;
                              ``(iii) Manufacturing USA institutes (as
                          described in section 34(d)); and
                              ``(iv) institutions of higher education.
                ``(5) To build capabilities across the Hollings
            Manufacturing Extension Partnership for domestic supply chain
            resiliency and optimization, including--
                        ``(A) <<NOTE: Assessment.>>  assessment of domestic
                    manufacturing capabilities, expanded capacity for
                    researching and deploying information on supply chain
                    risk, hidden costs of reliance on offshore suppliers,
                    redesigning products and processes to encourage
                    reshoring, and other relevant topics; and
                        ``(B) expanded services to provide industrywide
                    support that assists United States manufacturers with
                    reshoring manufacturing to strengthen the resiliency of
                    domestic supply chains, including in critical technology
                    areas and foundational manufacturing capabilities that
                    are key to domestic manufacturing competitiveness and
                    resiliency, including forming, casting, machining,
                    joining, surface treatment, tooling, and metal or
                    chemical refining.

        ``(f) Reimbursement.--The Director may reimburse Centers for costs
    incurred by the Centers under this section.
        ``(g) <<NOTE: Requirements. Consultation.>>  Applications.--
    Applications for awards under this section shall be submitted in such
    manner, at such time, and containing such information as the Director
    shall require in consultation with the Manufacturing Extension
    Partnership Advisory Board.

        ``(h) Selection.--
                ``(1) Reviewed and merit-based.--The Director shall ensure
            that awards under this section are reviewed and merit-based.
                ``(2) Geographic diversity.--The Director shall endeavor to
            have broad geographic diversity among selected proposals.
                ``(3) <<NOTE: Determination.>>  Criteria.--The Director
            shall select applications consistent with the purposes
            identified pursuant to subsection

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1498]]

            (e) to receive awards that the Director determines will achieve
            one or more of the following:
                        ``(A) Improvement of the competitiveness of
                    industries in the region in which the Center or Centers
                    are located.
                        ``(B) Creation of jobs or training of newly hired
                    employees.
                        ``(C) Promotion of the transfer and
                    commercialization of research and technology from
                    institutions of higher education, national laboratories,
                    or other federally funded research programs, and
                    nonprofit research institutes.
                        ``(D) Recruitment of a diverse manufacturing
                    workforce, including through outreach to
                    underrepresented populations, including individuals
                    identified in section 33 or section 34 of the Science
                    and Engineering Equal Opportunities Act (42 U.S.C.
                    1885a, 1885b).
                        ``(E) <<NOTE: Determination.>>  Any other result the
                    Director determines will advance the objective set forth
                    in section 25(c) or 25A.

        ``(i) Program Contribution.--Recipients of awards under this section
    shall not be required to provide a matching contribution.
        ``(j) <<NOTE: Consultation.>>  Global Marketplace Projects.--In
    making an award under this section, the Director, in consultation with
    the Manufacturing Extension Partnership Advisory Board and the
    Secretary, may take into consideration whether an application has
    significant potential for enhancing the competitiveness of small and
    medium-sized United States manufacturers in the global marketplace.

        ``(k) Duration.--The Director shall ensure that the duration of an
    award under this section is aligned and consistent with a Center's
    cooperative agreement established in section 25(e).
        ``(l) Report.--Not later than October 1, 2025, the Director shall
    submit to Congress a report that includes--
                ``(1) a summary description of what activities were funded
            and the measurable outcomes of such activities;
                ``(2) a description of which types of activities under
            paragraph (1) could remain as part of a permanent expansion
            awards program;
                ``(3) a description of which types of activities under
            paragraph (1) could be integrated into, and supported under, the
            program under section 25;
                ``(4) a description of which types of activities under
            paragraph (1) could be integrated into, and supported under, the
            competitive awards program under section 25A; and
                ``(5) <<NOTE: Recommenda- tion.>>  a recommendation,
            supported by a clear explanation, as to whether the pilot
            program should be continued.''.

        (b) <<NOTE: 15 USC 278k note.>>  Resource Optimization.--Of amounts
    authorized for the Hollings Manufacturing Extension Partnership program
    under section 25 of the National Institute of Standards and Technology
    Act (15 U.S.C. 278k), the Secretary shall optimize funding across
    sections 25 and 25A of such Act, as well as the program established
    under section 25B of such Act (as added by subsection (a)), to the
    extent practicable and subject to the availability of appropriations, in
    order to maximize Center (as such term is defined in such section 25)
    participation as well as competitiveness, productivity, and
    technological performance in United States manufacturing.

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1499]]

    SEC. 10252. UPDATE TO HOLLINGS MANUFACTURING EXTENSION
                                PARTNERSHIP.

        (a) Acceptance of Funds.--Subsection (l) of section 25 of the
    National Institute of Standards and Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 278k) is
    amended to read as follows:
        ``(l) Acceptance of Funds.--
                ``(1) In general.--To the extent provided in advance in
            appropriations Acts, other Federal departments and agencies may
            transfer amounts to the Institute, and the Secretary and
            Director may accept and make available cash donations from the
            private sector pursuant to section 2(c)(7), to be used for
            strengthening United States manufacturing under this section.
                ``(2) <<NOTE: Determination.>>  Competitive awards.--Funds
            accepted from other Federal departments and agencies and from
            the private sector under paragraph (1) shall be awarded
            competitively by the Secretary and Director to Centers, provided
            that the Secretary and Director may make noncompetitive awards,
            pursuant to this section or section 25A, or as a non-competitive
            contract, as appropriate, if the Secretary and Director
            determine that--
                        ``(A) the manufacturing market or sector targeted is
                    limited geographically or in scope;
                        ``(B) the number of States (or territory, in the
                    case of Puerto Rico) with Centers serving manufacturers
                    of such market or sector is five or fewer; and
                        ``(C) such Center has or Centers have received a
                    positive evaluation in the most recent evaluation
                    conducted pursuant to subsection (g).''.

        (b) Supporting American Manufacturing.--Section 25 of the National
    Institute of Standards and Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 278k) is amended--
                (1) in subsection (a)(5)--
                        (A) by striking ``or consortium thereof,''; and
                        (B) by inserting ``or a consortium thereof'' before
                    the period at the end of the sentence;
                (2) in subsection (c)(4), by inserting ``United States-
            based'' before ``industrial'';
                (3) in subsection (d)--
                        (A) in paragraph (1), by inserting ``at United
                    States-based industrial facilities, including small and
                    medium manufacturing companies'' before ``based'';
                        (B) in paragraph (2), by inserting ``United States-
                    based'' before ``companies''; and
                        (C) in paragraph (3), by inserting ``United States-
                    based'' before ``small'';
                (4) in subsection (f)(5)(B)(i), by inserting ``in the United
            States'' before the semicolon at the end of the clause; and
                (5) in subsection (n)(1)(A), by inserting ``United States-
            based'' before ``small''.

        (c) Amending the MEP Competitive Awards Program.--Section 25A(c)(2)
    of the National Institute of Standards and Technology Act (15 U.S.C.
    278k-1(c)(2)) is amended by inserting ``United States'' before
    ``manufacturers''.
        (d) MEP Outreach.--Section 25 of the National Institute of Standards
    and Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 278k) is amended--
                (1) in subsection (c)--
                        (A) in paragraph (6), by striking ``community
                    colleges and area career and technical education
                    schools'' and

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1500]]

                    inserting the following: ``secondary schools, community
                    colleges, and area career and technical education
                    schools, including those in underserved and rural
                    communities,''; and
                        (B) in paragraph (7)--
                              (i) by striking ``and local colleges'' and
                          inserting ``local secondary schools and local
                          colleges, including historically Black colleges
                          and universities, Tribal Colleges or Universities,
                          minority-serving institutions, community colleges,
                          and secondary schools and colleges in underserved
                          and rural communities,''; and
                              (ii) by inserting ``or other applied learning
                          opportunities'' after ``apprenticeships''; and
                (2) in subsection (d)(3), by striking ``, community
            colleges, and area career and technical education schools,'' and
            inserting the following: ``and local high schools, community
            colleges, and area career and technical education schools,
            including those in underserved and rural communities,''.
    SEC. 10253. <<NOTE: 42 USC 18961.>>  NATIONAL SUPPLY CHAIN
                                DATABASE.

        (a) Establishment of National Supply Chain Database.--The Director
    shall establish a voluntary National Supply Chain Database, subject to
    the availability of appropriations.
        (b) Purpose.--The purpose of the voluntary National Supply Chain
    Database shall be to assist the Federal Government and industry sectors
    in minimizing disruptions to the United States supply chain by having an
    assessment of United States manufacturers' capabilities.
        (c) Study on National Supply Chain Database.--In establishing the
    National Supply Chain Database, the Director shall consider the findings
    and recommendations from the study authorized pursuant to section 9413
    of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 (Public
    Law 116-283), including measures to secure and protect the Database from
    adversarial attacks and vulnerabilities.
        (d) Database and Manufacturing Extension Partnership.--
                (1) In general.--The Director shall establish the
            infrastructure for the National Supply Chain Database through
            the Hollings Manufacturing Extension Partnership, established
            pursuant to section 25 of the National Institute of Standards
            and Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 278k), by connecting information
            from the Centers (as such term is defined in such section)
            through the Database.
                (2) National view.--The Director shall ensure that
            connections under paragraph (1)--
                        (A) provide a national overview of the networks of
                    supply chains of the United States; and
                        (B) support understanding of whether there is a need
                    for some manufacturers to retool in some critical areas
                    to meet the urgent need for key products.
                (3) Individual hollings manufacturing extension partnership
            center databases.--
                        (A) In general.--The Director shall ensure that--
                              (i) each Center is connected to the National
                          Supply Chain Database; and
                              (ii) each supply chain database maintained by
                          a Center is interoperable with the Database.

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1501]]

                        (B) Rule of construction.--Nothing in this section
                    may be construed to require a State or territory of the
                    United States to establish a new supply chain database
                    through the Hollings Manufacturing Extension Partnership
                    program.

        (e) Maintenance of National Supply Chain Database.--The Director,
    acting through the Hollings Manufacturing Extension Partnership program
    or a designee of the program--
                (1) shall maintain the National Supply Chain Database as an
            integration of State-level databases from the Center of each
            State or territory of the United States;
                (2) may populate the Database with information from past or
            current clients of Centers; and
                (3) may include in the Database information voluntarily
            provided by non-client private sector entities based and
            operating in the United States, as applicable and appropriate.

        (f) Database Content.--The National Supply Chain Database may
    include the following:
                (1) Basic private sector entity information.
                (2) An overview of capabilities, accreditations, and
            products.
                (3) Proprietary information.

        (g) Standard Classification System.--The National Supply Chain
    Database may, where applicable, use the North American Industry
    Classification System (NAICS) Codes as follows:
                (1) Sector 31-33 - Manufacturing.
                (2) Sector 54 - Professional, Scientific, and Technical
            Services.
                (3) Sector 48-49 - Transportation and Warehousing.

        (h) Levels.--The National Supply Chain Database shall be multi-
    leveled as agreed to under terms of mutual disclosure as follows:
                (1) <<NOTE: Public information.>>  Level 1 shall have the
            capability to provide basic private sector entity information
            and shall be available to the public.
                (2) Level 2 shall have the capability to provide a deeper,
            nonproprietary overview into capabilities, products, and
            accreditations and shall be available to all companies that
            contribute to the Database.
                (3) Level 3 shall have the capability to hold proprietary
            information.

        (i) Matters Relating to Disclosure and Access.--
                (1) FOIA exemption.--The National Supply Chain Database, and
            any information contained therein that is not publicly released
            by the Institute, shall be exempt from public disclosure under
            section 552(b)(3) of title 5, United States Code.
                (2) Limitation on access to content.--Access to a
            contributing private sector entity's nonpublic content in the
            National Supply Chain Database shall be limited to--
                        (A) the contributing private sector entity, the
                    Institute, and staff from a Center who sign a
                    nondisclosure agreement, and
                        (B) other Federal departments and agencies,
            as the Director considers appropriate.
                (3) Aggregated information.--The Director may make
            aggregated, de-identified information available to contributing
            companies, Centers, or the public, as the Director considers
            appropriate, in support of the purposes of this section.

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1502]]

        (j) Coordination With National Technology and Industrial Base
    Council.--The Director, acting through the Hollings Manufacturing
    Extension Partnership program, may work with the National Defense
    Technology and Industrial Base Council established under section 4812 of
    title 10, United States Code, as the Director considers appropriate, to
    include in the National Supply Chain Database information regarding the
    defense manufacturing supply chain.
        (k) Protections.--
                (1) In general.--Supply chain information that is
            voluntarily and lawfully submitted to the National Supply Chain
            Database by a private sector entity and accompanied by an
            express statement described in paragraph (2)--
                        (A) <<NOTE: Exemption.>>  shall be exempt from
                    disclosure under section 552(b)(3) of title 5, United
                    States Code;
                        (B) may not be made available pursuant to any
                    Federal, State, local, or Tribal authority pursuant to
                    any Federal, State, local, or Tribal law requiring
                    public disclosure of information or records; and
                        (C) may not, without the written consent of the
                    private sector entity submitting such information, be
                    used directly by the Director, or any other Federal,
                    State, or local authority in any civil enforcement
                    action brought by a Federal, State, Tribal, or local
                    authority.
                (2) Express statement.--The express statement described in
            this paragraph, with respect to information or records, is--
                        (A) in the case of written information or records, a
                    written marking on the information or records
                    substantially similar to the following: ``This
                    information is voluntarily submitted to the Federal
                    Government in expectation of protection from disclosure
                    as provided by the provisions of section 10253(k) of the
                    Research and Development, Competition, and Innovation
                    Act.''; or
                        (B) in the case of oral information, a written
                    statement similar to the statement described in
                    subparagraph (A) submitted within a reasonable period
                    following the oral communication.

        (l) Rules of Construction.--
                (1) Private entities.--Nothing in this section may be
            construed to require any private sector entity to share data,
            including proprietary information, with the Director or the
            National Supply Chain Database.
                (2) Prohibition on new regulatory authority.--Nothing in
            this section may be construed to grant the Director, or the head
            of any other Federal agency, any authority to promulgate
            regulations or set standards on manufacturers, based on data
            within the National Supply Chain Database, that was not in
            effect on the day before the date of the enactment of this
            section.
    SEC. 10254. HOLLINGS MANUFACTURING EXTENSION PARTNERSHIP
                                ACTIVITIES.

        Section 70924(b) of the Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act
    (Public Law 117-58) <<NOTE: 41 USC 8301 note.>>  is amended to read as
    follows:

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1503]]

        ``(b) Automatic Enrollment in GSA Advantage.--The Administrator of
    the General Services Administration and the Secretary of Commerce,
    acting through the Under Secretary of Commerce for Standards and
    Technology, shall jointly ensure that businesses that participate in the
    Hollings Manufacturing Extension Partnership, and so desire, are
    automatically enrolled in General Services Administration Advantage.''.
    SEC. 10255. <<NOTE: Definitions.>>  AMENDMENT TO THE HOLLINGS
                                MANUFACTURING EXTENSION PARTNERSHIP
                                RELATING TO INSTITUTIONS OF HIGHER
                                EDUCATION.

        Subsection (a) of section 25 of the National Institute of Standards
    and Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 278k) is amended--
                (1) by redesignating paragraph (6) (relating to the
            definition of ``Hollings Manufacturing Extension Partnership or
            Program'') as paragraph (7);
                (2) by inserting after paragraph (5) the following new
            paragraph:
                ``(6) Historically black college and university.--The term
            `historically Black college and university' has the meaning
            given the term `part B institution' in section 322 of the Higher
            Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1061).'';
                (3) by redesignating the second paragraph (7) (relating to
            the definition of ``MEP Advisory Board'') as paragraph (8);
                (4) by inserting after paragraph (6) (as inserted by
            paragraph (2), relating to the definition of ``historically
            Black college and university'') the following new paragraph:
                ``(7) Institution of higher education.--The term
            `institution of higher education' has the meaning given such
            term in section 101 of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20
            U.S.C. 1001).''; and
                (5) by adding at the end the following new paragraphs:
                ``(9) Minority-serving institution.--The term `minority-
            serving institution' means a Hispanic-serving institution as
            defined in section 502(a) of the Higher Education Act of 1965
            (20 U.S.C. 1101a(a)); an Alaska Native-serving institution or
            Native Hawaiian-serving institution as defined in section 317(b)
            of such Act (20 U.S.C. 1059d(b)); or a Predominantly Black
            institution, Asian American and Native American Pacific
            Islander-serving institution, or Native American-serving
            nontribal institution as defined in section 371(c) of such Act
            (20 U.S.C. 1067q(c)).
                ``(10) Secondary school.--The term `secondary school' has
            the meaning given such term in section 8101 of the Elementary
            and Secondary Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 7801).
                ``(11) Tribal college or university.--The term `Tribal
            College or University' has the meaning given the term `Tribal
            College or University' in section 316 of the Higher Education
            Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1059c).''.

                      Subtitle E--Manufacturing USA Program

    SEC. 10261. SUPPORTING GEOGRAPHIC DIVERSITY.

        Section 34(e) of the National Institute of Standards and Technology
    Act (15 U.S.C. 278s(e)) is amended by adding at the end the following:

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1504]]

                ``(8) Diversity preferences.--In awarding financial
            assistance under paragraph (1) for planning or establishing a
            Manufacturing USA institute, an agency head shall give special
            consideration to Manufacturing USA institutes that--
                        ``(A) contribute to the geographic diversity of the
                    Manufacturing USA Program;
                        ``(B) are located in an area with a low per capita
                    income;
                        ``(C) are located in an area with a high proportion
                    of socially disadvantaged residents; or
                        ``(D) are located in small and rural communities.''.
    SEC. 10262. <<NOTE: 42 USC 18971.>>  EXPANDING OPPORTUNITIES
                                THROUGH THE MANUFACTURING USA PROGRAM.

        (a) In General. <<NOTE: Consultation. Coordination.>> --The
    Secretary of Commerce, in consultation with the Secretary of Energy, the
    Secretary of Defense, and the heads of such other Federal agencies as
    the Secretary of Commerce considers relevant, shall coordinate with
    existing and new Manufacturing USA institutes to integrate covered
    entities as active members of the Manufacturing USA institutes,
    including through the development of preferences in selection criteria
    for proposals to create new Manufacturing USA institutes or renew
    existing Manufacturing USA institutes that include one or more covered
    entities.

        (b) Covered Entities.--For purposes of this subsection, a covered
    entity is--
                (1) an historically Black college and university;
                (2) a Tribal College or University;
                (3) a minority-serving institution;
                (4) a minority business enterprise (as such term is defined
            in section 1400.2 of title 15, Code of Federal Regulations, or
            successor regulation); or
                (5) a rural-serving institution of higher education (as such
            term is defined in section 861 of the Higher Education Act of
            1965 (20 U.S.C. 1161q)).
    SEC. 10263. <<NOTE: 42 USC 18972.>>  PROMOTING DOMESTIC PRODUCTION
                                OF TECHNOLOGIES DEVELOPED UNDER
                                MANUFACTURING USA PROGRAM.

        (a) Department of Commerce Policies to Promote Domestic Production
    of Technologies Developed Under Manufacturing USA Network.--
                (1) Policies.--
                        (A) <<NOTE: Consultation.>>  In general.--Each
                    agency head (as such term is defined in section 34(a) of
                    the National Institute of Standards and Technology Act
                    (15 U.S.C. 278s(a))) and the Secretary of Defense shall,
                    in consultation with the Secretary of Commerce,
                    establish policies to promote the domestic production of
                    technologies developed by the Manufacturing USA Network.
                        (B) Elements.--The policies established under
                    subparagraph (A) shall include the following:
                              (i) Measures to partner domestic developers of
                          goods, services, or technologies by Manufacturing
                          USA Network activities with domestic manufacturers
                          and sources of financing.
                              (ii) Measures to develop and provide
                          incentives to promote transfer of intellectual
                          property and goods, services, or technologies
                          developed by Manufacturing USA Network activities
                          to domestic manufacturers.

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1505]]

                              (iii) Measures to assist with supplier
                          scouting and other supply chain development,
                          including the use of the Hollings Manufacturing
                          Extension Partnership under section 25 of the
                          National Institute of Standards and Technology Act
                          (15 U.S.C. 278k) to carry out such measures.
                              (iv) A process to review and approve or deny
                          membership in a Manufacturing USA institute by
                          foreign-owned entities, especially from countries
                          of concern, including the People's Republic of
                          China.
                              (v) Measures to prioritize Federal procurement
                          of goods, services, or technologies developed by
                          the Manufacturing USA Network activities from
                          domestic sources, as appropriate.
                        (C) Processes for waivers.--The policies established
                    under this paragraph shall include processes to permit
                    waivers, on a case by case basis, for policies that
                    promote domestic production based on cost, availability,
                    severity of technical and mission requirements,
                    emergency requirements, operational needs, other legal
                    or international treaty obligations, or other factors
                    determined important to the success of the Manufacturing
                    USA Program.
                (2) Prohibition.--
                        (A) In general.--A company of the People's Republic
                    of China may not participate in the Manufacturing USA
                    Program without a waiver, as described in paragraph
                    (1)(C).
                        (B) Company defined.--In this paragraph, the term
                    ``company'' has the meaning given such term in section
                    847(a) of the National Defense Authorization Act for
                    Fiscal Year 2020 (Public Law 116-92; 10 U.S.C. 4819
                    note).

        (b) Coordination of Manufacturing USA Institutes.--Subsection (h) of
    section 34 of the National Institute of Standards and Technology Act (15
    U.S.C. 278s) is amended by adding at the end the following:
                ``(7) Council for coordination of institutes.--
                        ``(A) Council. <<NOTE: Establishment.>> --The
                    National Program Office shall establish or designate a
                    council of heads of any Manufacturing USA institute
                    receiving Federal funding at any time to foster
                    collaboration between Manufacturing USA institutes.
                        ``(B) Meetings.--The council established or
                    designated pursuant to subparagraph (A) shall meet not
                    less frequently than twice each year.
                        ``(C) Duties of the council.--The council
                    established pursuant to subparagraph (A) shall assist
                    the National Program Office in carrying out the
                    functions of the National Program Office under paragraph
                    (2).''.

        (c) Requirement for National Program Office to Develop Strategies
    for Retaining Domestic Public Benefit After Cessation of Federal
    Funding.--Subparagraph (C) of section 34(h)(2) of the National Institute
    of Standards and Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 278s(h)(2)) is amended by
    inserting ``, including a strategy for retaining domestic public
    benefits from Manufacturing USA institutes once Federal funding has been
    discontinued'' after ``Program''.

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1506]]

        (d) Modification of Functions of National Program Office to Include
    Development of Industry Credentials.--Subparagraph (J) of section
    34(h)(2) of the National Institute of Standards and Technology Act (15
    U.S.C. 278s(h)(2)) is amended by inserting ``, including the development
    of industry credentials'' after ``activities''.
        (e) Advice From the United States Manufacturing Council.--The
    Secretary shall seek advice from the United States Manufacturing Council
    of the International Trade Administration of the Department of Commerce
    on matters concerning investment in and support of the manufacturing
    workforce within the Manufacturing USA Program.

              TITLE III--NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION FOR THE FUTURE

                         Subtitle A--Preliminary Matters

    SEC. 10301. SENSE OF CONGRESS.

        It is the sense of Congress that--
                (1) the National Science Foundation, the Department of
            Energy and its National Laboratories, and other key Federal
            agencies have carried out vital work supporting basic and
            applied research to create knowledge that is a key driver of the
            economy of the United States and a critical component of
            national security;
                (2) openness to diverse perspectives and a focus on freedom
            from censorship and political bias will continue to make
            educational and research institutions in the United States
            beacons to thousands of students from across the world;
                (3) increasing research and technology transfer investments,
            building regional capacity and reducing geographic disparity,
            strengthening supply chains, and increasing capabilities in key
            technology focus areas will enhance the competitive advantage
            and leadership of the United States in the global economy;
                (4) the Federal Government must utilize the full talent and
            potential of the entire Nation by avoiding undue geographic
            concentration of research and STEM education funding,
            encouraging broader participation of populations
            underrepresented in STEM, and collaborating with nongovernment
            partners to ensure the leadership of the United States in
            technological innovation; and
                (5) authorization and funding for investments in research,
            education, technology transfer, intellectual property,
            manufacturing, and other core strengths of the United States
            innovation ecosystem, including at the National Science
            Foundation and the Department of Energy, should be done on a
            bipartisan basis.
    SEC. 10302. <<NOTE: 42 USC 18981.>>  DEFINITIONS.

        In this title:
                (1) Board.--The term ``Board'' means the National Science
            Board.

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1507]]

                (2) Director.--The term ``Director'' means the Director of
            the National Science Foundation.
                (3) NSF includes.--The term ``NSF INCLUDES'' means the
            initiative carried out under section 10323.
                (4) STEM ecosystem.--The term ``STEM ecosystem'' means a
            local, regional, or statewide network, consortium, or multi-
            sector partnership, which may be led or co-led by a nonprofit
            organizational entity, that is operating in the United States
            with the goal of supporting participation in STEM study,
            activities, and career pathways as defined in the CoSTEM Annual
            Progress Report of 2020 with a broad range of non-Federal
            partners.
    SEC. 10303. <<NOTE: Time periods.>>  AUTHORIZATION OF
                                APPROPRIATIONS.

        (a) Fiscal Year 2023.--
                (1) In general.--There are authorized to be appropriated to
            the Foundation $11,897,480,000 for fiscal year 2023.
                (2) Specific allocations.--Of the amount authorized under
            paragraph (1)--
                        (A) $9,050,000,000 is authorized to be appropriated
                    to carry out research and related activities, of which--
                              (i) $55,000,000 is authorized to be
                          appropriated for the Mid-Scale Research
                          Infrastructure Program; and
                              (ii) $1,500,000,000 is authorized to be
                          appropriated for the Directorate for Technology,
                          Innovation, and Partnerships;
                        (B) $1,950,000,000 is authorized to be appropriated
                    for STEM education, of which--
                              (i) $73,700,000 is authorized to be
                          appropriated for the Robert Noyce Teacher
                          Scholarship Program;
                              (ii) $59,500,000 is authorized to be
                          appropriated for the NSF Research Traineeship
                          Program;
                              (iii) $416,300,000 is authorized to be
                          appropriated for the Graduate Research Fellowship
                          Program;
                              (iv) $70,000,000 is authorized to be
                          appropriated for the Cybercorps Scholarship for
                          Service Program; and
                              (v) $350,000,000 is authorized to be
                          appropriated for fellowships, traineeships, and
                          scholarships described in section 10393;
                        (C) $249,000,000 is authorized to be appropriated
                    for major research equipment and facilities
                    construction, of which $76,250,000 is authorized to be
                    appropriated for the Mid-Scale Research Infrastructure
                    Program;
                        (D) $620,000,000 is authorized to be appropriated
                    for agency operations and award management;
                        (E) $5,090,000 is authorized to be appropriated for
                    the Office of the National Science Board; and
                        (F) $23,390,000 is authorized to be appropriated for
                    the Office of the Inspector General.

        (b) Fiscal Year 2024.--
                (1) In general.--There are authorized to be appropriated to
            the Foundation $15,646,930,000 for fiscal year 2024.
                (2) Specific allocations.--Of the amount authorized under
            paragraph (1)--

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1508]]

                        (A) $12,050,000,000 is authorized to be appropriated
                    to carry out research and related activities, of which--
                              (i) $60,000,000 is authorized to be
                          appropriated for the Mid-Scale Research
                          Infrastructure Program; and
                              (ii) $3,350,000,000 is authorized to be
                          appropriated for the Directorate for Technology,
                          Innovation, and Partnerships;
                        (B) $2,500,000,000 is authorized to be appropriated
                    for STEM education, of which--
                              (i) $80,400,000 is authorized to be
                          appropriated for the Robert Noyce Teacher
                          Scholarship Program;
                              (ii) $64,910,000 is authorized to be
                          appropriated for the NSF Research Traineeship
                          Program;
                              (iii) $454,140,000 is authorized to be
                          appropriated for the Graduate Research Fellowship
                          Program;
                              (iv) $72,000,000 is authorized to be
                          appropriated for the Cybercorps Scholarship for
                          Service Program; and
                              (v) $800,000,000 is authorized to be
                          appropriated for fellowships, traineeships, and
                          scholarships described in section 10393;
                        (C) $355,000,000 is authorized to be appropriated
                    for major research equipment and facilities
                    construction, of which $80,000,000 is authorized to be
                    appropriated for the Mid-Scale Research Infrastructure
                    Program;
                        (D) $710,000,000 is authorized to be appropriated
                    for agency operations and award management;
                        (E) $5,320,000 is authorized to be appropriated for
                    the Office of the National Science Board; and
                        (F) $26,610,000 is authorized to be appropriated for
                    the Office of the Inspector General.

        (c) Fiscal Year 2025.--
                (1) In general.--There are authorized to be appropriated to
            the Foundation $16,706,670,000 for fiscal year 2025.
                (2) Specific allocations.--Of the amount authorized under
            paragraph (1)--
                        (A) $12,850,000,000 is authorized to be appropriated
                    to carry out research and related activities, of which--
                              (i) $70,000,000 is authorized to be
                          appropriated for the Mid-Scale Research
                          Infrastructure Program; and
                              (ii) $3,550,000,000 is authorized to be
                          appropriated for the Directorate for Technology,
                          Innovation, and Partnerships;
                        (B) $2,700,000,000 is authorized to be appropriated
                    for STEM education, of which--
                              (i) $87,100,000 is authorized to be
                          appropriated for the Robert Noyce Teacher
                          Scholarship Program;
                              (ii) $70,320,000 is authorized to be
                          appropriated for the NSF Research Traineeship
                          Program;
                              (iii) $491,990,000 is authorized to be
                          appropriated for the Graduate Research Fellowship
                          Program;
                              (iv) $78,000,000 is authorized to be
                          appropriated for the Cybercorps Scholarship for
                          Service Program; and

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1509]]

                              (v) $900,000,000 is authorized to be
                          appropriated for fellowships, traineeships, and
                          scholarships described in section 10393;
                        (C) $370,000,000 is authorized to be appropriated
                    for major research equipment and facilities
                    construction, of which $85,000,000 is authorized to be
                    appropriated for the Mid-Scale Research Infrastructure
                    Program;
                        (D) $750,000,000 is authorized to be appropriated
                    for agency operations and award management;
                        (E) $5,560,000 is authorized to be appropriated for
                    the Office of the National Science Board; and
                        (F) $31,110,000 is authorized to be appropriated for
                    the Office of the Inspector General.

        (d) Fiscal Year 2026.--
                (1) In general.--There are authorized to be appropriated to
            the Foundation $17,832,420,000 for fiscal year 2026.
                (2) Specific allocations.--Of the amount authorized under
            paragraph (1)--
                        (A) $13,800,000,000 is authorized to be appropriated
                    to carry out research and related activities, of which--
                              (i) $75,000,000 is authorized to be
                          appropriated for the Mid-Scale Research
                          Infrastructure Program; and
                              (ii) $3,800,000,000 is authorized to be
                          appropriated for the Directorate for Technology,
                          Innovation, and Partnerships;
                        (B) $2,850,000,000 is authorized to be appropriated
                    for STEM education, of which--
                              (i) $93,800,000 is authorized to be
                          appropriated for the Robert Noyce Teacher
                          Scholarship Program;
                              (ii) $75,730,000 is authorized to be
                          appropriated for the NSF Research Traineeship
                          Program;
                              (iii) $529,830,000 is authorized to be
                          appropriated for the Graduate Research Fellowship
                          Program;
                              (iv) $84,000,000 is authorized to be
                          appropriated for the Cybercorps Scholarship for
                          Service Program; and
                              (v) $950,000,000 is authorized to be
                          appropriated for fellowships, traineeships, and
                          scholarships described in section 10393;
                        (C) $372,000,000 is authorized to be appropriated
                    for major research equipment and facilities
                    construction, of which $90,000,000 is authorized to be
                    appropriated for the Mid-Scale Research Infrastructure
                    Program;
                        (D) $770,000,000 is authorized to be appropriated
                    for agency operations and award management;
                        (E) $5,810,000 is authorized to be appropriated for
                    the Office of the National Science Board; and
                        (F) $34,610,000 is authorized to be appropriated for
                    the Office of the Inspector General.

        (e) Fiscal Year 2027.--
                (1) In general.--There are authorized to be appropriated to
            the Foundation $18,919,180,000 for fiscal year 2027.
                (2) Specific allocations.--Of the amount authorized under
            paragraph (1)--
                        (A) $14,700,000,000 is authorized to be appropriated
                    to carry out research and related activities, of which--

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1510]]

                              (i) $80,000,000 is authorized to be
                          appropriated for the Mid-Scale Research
                          Infrastructure Program; and
                              (ii) $4,100,000,000 is authorized to be
                          appropriated for the Directorate for Technology,
                          Innovation, and Partnerships;
                        (B) $3,000,000,000 is authorized to be appropriated
                    for STEM education, of which--
                              (i) $100,500,000 is authorized to be
                          appropriated for the Robert Noyce Teacher
                          Scholarship Program;
                              (ii) $81,140,000 is authorized to be
                          appropriated for the NSF Research Traineeship
                          Program;
                              (iii) $567,680,000 is authorized to be
                          appropriated for the Graduate Research Fellowship
                          Program;
                              (iv) $90,000,000 is authorized to be
                          appropriated for the Cybercorps Scholarship for
                          Service Program; and
                              (v) $1,000,000,000 is authorized to be
                          appropriated for fellowships, traineeships, and
                          scholarships described in section 10393;
                        (C) $375,000,000 is authorized to be appropriated
                    for major research equipment and facilities
                    construction, of which $100,000,000 is authorized to be
                    appropriated for the Mid-Scale Research Infrastructure
                    Program;
                        (D) $800,000,000 is authorized to be appropriated
                    for agency operations and award management;
                        (E) $6,070,000 is authorized to be appropriated for
                    the Office of the National Science Board; and
                        (F) $38,110,000 is authorized to be appropriated for
                    the Office of the Inspector General.

                           Subtitle B--STEM Education

    SEC. 10311. <<NOTE: 42 USC 18991.>>  PREK-12 STEM EDUCATION.

        (a) National Academies Study. <<NOTE: Deadline. Contracts.>> --Not
    later than 120 days after the date of enactment of this Act, the
    Director shall enter into an agreement with the National Academies to
    conduct a study to--
                (1) <<NOTE: Review.>>  review the research literature and
            identify research gaps regarding the interconnected factors that
            foster and hinder successful implementation of promising,
            evidence-based PreK-12 STEM education innovations at the local,
            regional, and national level;
                (2) present a compendium of promising, evidence-based PreK-
            12 STEM education practices, models, programs, and technologies;
                (3) identify barriers to widespread and sustained
            implementation of such innovations; and
                (4) make <<NOTE: Recommenda- tions.>>  recommendations to
            the Foundation, the Department of Education, the National
            Science and Technology Council's Committee on Science,
            Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics Education, State and
            local educational agencies, and other relevant stakeholders on
            measures to address such barriers.

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1511]]

        (b) Supporting PreK-12 Informal STEM Opportunities.--Section 3 of
    the STEM Education Act of 2015 (42 U.S.C. 1862q) is amended by adding at
    the end the following:
        ``(c) PreK-12 Informal STEM.--
                ``(1) In general.--The Director of the National Science
            Foundation shall make awards, through existing programs where
            appropriate to institutions of higher education and nonprofit
            organizations (or consortia of such intuitions or organizations)
            on a merit-reviewed, competitive basis for research on effective
            approaches to engaging students in PreK-12, including students
            from groups historically underrepresented in STEM and rural
            students.
                ``(2) Purposes.--The purposes of this subsection are to--
                        ``(A) provide effective, compelling, and engaging
                    means for teaching and reinforcing fundamental STEM
                    concepts to PreK-12 students;
                        ``(B) expand the STEM workforce pipeline by
                    increasing the number of youth in the United States
                    exposed to STEM from an early age and encourage them to
                    pursue careers in STEM-related fields; and
                        ``(C) broaden participation of groups historically
                    underrepresented in STEM and rural students, in the STEM
                    workforce.
                ``(3) Use of funds.--
                        ``(A) <<NOTE: Research and development.>>  In
                    general.--Awards made under this subsection shall
                    support research and development on innovative before-
                    school, after-school, out-of-school, or summer
                    activities that are designed to encourage interest,
                    engagement, and skills development in STEM, including
                    for students from groups historically underrepresented
                    in STEM and rural students.
                        ``(B) Permitted activities.--The research and
                    development activities described in subparagraph (A) may
                    include--
                              ``(i) the provision of programming described
                          in such subparagraph for the purpose of research
                          described in such subparagraph;
                              ``(ii) the use of a variety of engagement
                          methods, including cooperative and hands-on
                          learning;
                              ``(iii) exposure of students to role models in
                          the fields of STEM and near-peer mentors;
                              ``(iv) training of informal learning
                          educators, youth-serving professionals, and
                          volunteers who lead informal STEM programs in
                          using evidence-based methods consistent with the
                          target student population being served;
                              ``(v) education of students on the relevance
                          and significance of STEM careers, provision of
                          academic advice and assistance, and activities
                          designed to help students make real-world
                          connections to STEM content;
                              ``(vi) the preparation of students to attend
                          events, competitions, and academic programs that
                          provide content expertise and encourage career
                          exposure in STEM, which may include the purchase
                          of parts and supplies needed to prepare for
                          participation in such competitions;

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1512]]

                              ``(vii) activities designed to engage parents
                          and families of students in PreK-12 in STEM;
                              ``(viii) innovative strategies to engage
                          students, such as using leadership skills and
                          outcome measures to impart youth with the
                          confidence to pursue STEM coursework and academic
                          study;
                              ``(ix) coordination with STEM-rich
                          environments, including other nonprofit,
                          nongovernmental organizations, out-of- classroom
                          settings, institutions of higher education,
                          vocational facilities, corporations, museums, or
                          science centers; and
                              ``(x) the acquisition of instructional
                          materials or technology-based tools to conduct
                          applicable award activity.
                ``(4) Application.--An applicant seeking funding under this
            subsection shall submit an application at such time, in such
            manner, and containing such information as may be required by
            the Director. Applications that include or partner with a
            nonprofit, nongovernmental organization that has extensive
            experience and expertise in increasing the participation of
            students in PreK-12 in STEM are encouraged. At a minimum, the
            application shall include the following:
                        ``(A) A description of the target audience to be
                    served by the research activity or activities for which
                    such funding is sought.
                        ``(B) A description of the process for recruitment
                    and selection of students to participate in such
                    activities.
                        ``(C) A description of how such activity or
                    activities may inform programming that engages students
                    in PreK-12 in STEM.
                        ``(D) A description of how such activity or
                    activities may inform programming that promotes student
                    academic achievement in STEM.
                        ``(E) <<NOTE: Evaluation plan.>>  An evaluation plan
                    that includes, at a minimum, the use of outcome-oriented
                    measures to determine the impact and efficacy of
                    programming being researched.
                ``(5) Evaluations.--Each recipient of an award under this
            subsection shall provide, at the conclusion of every year during
            which the award funds are received, a report in a form
            prescribed by the Director.
                ``(6) Encourage applications.--In making awards under this
            subsection, the Director shall encourage applications which, for
            the purpose of the activity or activities funded through the
            award, are from or include eligible nonprofit programs serving
            students that attend elementary schools or secondary schools
            (including high schools) that--
                        ``(A) are implementing comprehensive support and
                    improvement activities or targeted support and
                    improvement activities under paragraph (1) or (2) of
                    section 1111(d) of the Elementary and Secondary
                    Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 6311(d)); or
                        ``(B) serve high percentages of students who are
                    eligible for a free or reduced-price lunch under the
                    Richard B. Russell National School Lunch Act (42 U.S.C.
                    1751 et seq.) (which, in the case of a high school, may
                    be calculated using comparable data from the schools
                    that feed into the high school).

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1513]]

                ``(7) Accountability and dissemination.--
                        ``(A) Evaluation required.--The Director shall
                    evaluate the activities established under this
                    subsection. Such evaluation shall--
                              ``(i) use a common set of benchmarks and tools
                          to assess the results of research conducted under
                          such awards; and
                              ``(ii) to the extent practicable, integrate
                          the findings of the research resulting from the
                          activity or activities funded through the award
                          with the current research on serving students with
                          respect to the pursuit of degrees or careers in
                          STEM, including underrepresented and rural
                          students, in PreK-12.
                        ``(B) <<NOTE: Public information.>>  Report on
                    evaluations.--Not later than 180 days after the
                    completion of the evaluation under subparagraph (A), the
                    Director shall submit to Congress and make widely
                    available to the public a report that includes--
                              ``(i) the results of the evaluation; and
                              ``(ii) <<NOTE: Recommenda- tions.>>  any
                          recommendations for administrative and legislative
                          action that could optimize the effectiveness of
                          the program under this subsection.
                ``(8) Coordination.--In carrying out this subsection, the
            Director shall, for purposes of enhancing program effectiveness
            and avoiding duplication of activities, consult, and coordinate
            with other relevant Federal agencies.''.

        (c) [Log 907 S2522] National STEM Teacher Corps Pilot.--
                (1) Purpose.--It is the purpose of this subsection to
            elevate the profession of STEM teaching by establishing a
            National STEM Teacher Corps pilot program to recognize
            outstanding STEM teachers in our Nation's classrooms, rewards
            them for their accomplishments, elevates their public profile,
            and creates rewarding career paths to which all STEM teachers
            can aspire, both to prepare future STEM researchers and to
            create a scientifically literate public.
                (2) Definitions.--In this subsection:
                        (A) Administrator.--The term ``Administrator'' means
                    the Administrator of the National STEM Teacher Corps.
                        (B) Eligible entity.--The term ``eligible entity''
                    means--
                              (i) an institution of higher education; or
                              (ii) a consortium consisting of an institution
                          of higher education and one or more of the
                          following:
                                        (I) A State educational agency (as
                                    defined in section 8101 of the
                                    Elementary and Secondary Education Act
                                    of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 7801)).
                                        (II) A local educational agency (as
                                    defined in section 8101 of the
                                    Elementary and Secondary Education Act
                                    of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 7801)).
                                        (III) An education nonprofit
                                    Association.
                                        (IV) A cross sector STEM
                                    organization.
                                        (V) A private entity, including a
                                    STEM-related business.
                        (C) High-need school.--The term ``high-need school''
                    has the meaning given the term in section 2211(b) of the
                    Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 (20
                    U.S.C. 6631(b)).

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1514]]

                        (D) Professional development.--The term
                    ``professional Development'' has the meaning given the
                    term in section 8101 of the Elementary and Secondary
                    Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 7801).
                        (E) Corps alliance.--The term ``Corps Alliance''
                    means a regionally or topically based award under this
                    subsection.
                        (F) National stem teacher corps advisory board.--The
                    term ``National STEM Teacher Corps Advisory Board''
                    means the Advisory Board for the National STEM Teacher
                    Corps established under paragraph (5).
                (3) <<NOTE: Time period. Appointment.>>  Establishment of
            national stem teacher corps.--The Director may, subject to the
            availability of appropriations, establish within the Foundation,
            a National STEM Teacher Corps 10-year pilot program to be
            administered by the Administrator, who shall be appointed by the
            Director. As appropriate, the Director may use existing NSF
            programs to establish and execute this program.
                (4) Duties of the administrator.--The Administrator shall--
                        (A) create a process and standards for selection of
                    eligible applicants to become members of the National
                    STEM Teacher Corps, including--
                              (i) uniform selection criteria that includes--
                                        (I) deep knowledge of STEM content
                                    and pedagogy;
                                        (II) a passion for STEM subjects and
                                    dedication to teaching, evidence of
                                    leadership skills, and potential for
                                    continued career growth as an educator;
                                    and
                                        (III) demonstrated experience
                                    increasing STEM student achievement and
                                    STEM participation rates for all
                                    students, particularly those from rural
                                    and high-need schools; and
                              (ii) a uniform selection process, including a
                          comprehensive application that includes
                          recommendations and other relevant professional
                          information;
                        (B) promote the National STEM Teacher Corps and
                    elevate best practices that emerge from the National
                    STEM Teacher Corps to a national audience;
                        (C) evaluate the operation and effectiveness of the
                    Corps alliances; and
                        (D) evaluate the overall and long-term impact of the
                    National STEM Teacher Corps by--
                              (i) documenting, monitoring, and assessing the
                          program outcomes or impact on the STEM careers of
                          participants; and
                              (ii) documenting, monitoring, and assessing
                          the program outcomes for the STEM education
                          profession nationwide, particularly for rural and
                          high-need schools.
                (5) National stem teacher corps advisory board.--
                        (A) Establishment.--There is established a National
                    STEM Teacher Corps Advisory Board to advise the Director
                    on matters pertaining to the National STEM Teacher Corps
                    for the length of the pilot program.
                        (B) Composition.--

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1515]]

                              (i) In general.--The membership of the
                          National STEM Teacher Corps Advisory Board shall--
                                        (I) <<NOTE: Appointment.>>  be
                                    appointed by the Director;
                                        (II) include a representative from
                                    each of the following: School leaders,
                                    STEM researchers, STEM education
                                    researchers, Business leaders, PreK-12
                                    STEM educators, and Students pursuing a
                                    postsecondary STEM degree; and
                                        (III) be geographically diverse.
                              (ii) Existing committee.--The Director may
                          assign the duties of the National STEM Teacher
                          Corps Advisory Board to another advisory committee
                          of the Foundation.
                (6) Duties of the corps alliances.--Subject to the
            availability of appropriated funds, the Administrator may make
            awards on a competitive, merit-review basis, to establish Corps
            alliances at eligible entities. Activities carried out by such
            alliances shall include--
                        (A) engaging local partners, which may include local
                    educational agencies, institutions of higher education,
                    STEM organizations, or education nonprofit
                    organizations, to--
                              (i) develop and serve the community of
                          National STEM Teacher Corps members within the
                          region or topic area, in coordination with local
                          partners to carry out day-to-day activities;
                              (ii) coordinate professional development
                          activities, including activities led by National
                          STEM Teacher Corps members;
                              (iii) connect National STEM Teacher Corps
                          members with existing educator professional
                          development programs and coordinate members'
                          involvement as cooperating teachers or mentors;
                              (iv) seek opportunities to involve teachers
                          who are not members of the National STEM Teacher
                          Corps to participate in National STEM Teacher
                          Corps activities; and
                              (v) build partnerships with existing education
                          organizations and other efforts by State
                          educational agencies and local educational
                          agencies that operate programs relevant to the
                          National STEM Teacher Corps and its activities;
                        (B) recruiting eligible applicants, with a focus on
                    recruiting diverse STEM educators to advance equity
                    based on race, ethnicity, sex, socioeconomic status,
                    age, disability status, geography, and language ability;
                        (C) screening, interviewing, and selecting members
                    of the National STEM Teacher Corps using procedures and
                    standards provided by the Administrator;
                        (D) coordinating the online network that supports
                    all National STEM Teacher Corps members in the region or
                    topic area;
                        (E) convening occasional meetings of National STEM
                    Teacher Corps members in a region or topic area;
                        (F) creating opportunities for the professional
                    growth of National STEM Teacher Corps members, with a
                    focus on increasing STEM student achievement and STEM

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1516]]

                    participation rates for all students, particularly those
                    from rural and high-need schools; and
                        (G) supporting the retention and success of National
                    STEM Teacher Corps members in the region or topic area.
                (7) Duties of members of the national stem teacher corps.--
            An applicant that is selected by a Corps alliance to be a member
            of the National STEM Teacher Corps shall--
                        (A) <<NOTE: Time period.>>  serve a 4-year term with
                    a possibility of reappointment;
                        (B) receive an annual stipend in an amount not less
                    than $10,000; and
                        (C) have substantial responsibilities, including--
                              (i) working with other members of the National
                          STEM Teacher Corps to develop and improve
                          innovative teaching practices, including practices
                          such as inquiry-based learning;
                              (ii) participating in professional development
                          in innovative teaching methodology and mentorship;
                          and
                              (iii) continuing to excel in teaching the
                          member's own students, with a focus on advancing
                          equity by spending additional time teaching and
                          coaching underserved students to increase STEM
                          student achievement and STEM participation rates
                          for students from rural and high-need schools.
                (8) <<NOTE: Reports.>>  Evaluation.--The Director, acting
            through the Administrator, shall submit a report to Congress
            after the third year of the pilot program that includes--
                        (A) <<NOTE: Assessment.>>  an assessment, drawing on
                    the evaluations the Administrator shall conduct under
                    subparagraphs (C) and (D) of paragraph (4), and other
                    sources of information, of the effectiveness of the
                    pilot program in recruiting and retaining high-quality
                    STEM teachers in the selected regions or topic areas,
                    particularly in high-need and rural schools; and
                        (B) <<NOTE: Proposal.>>  if deemed effective, a
                    proposal to Congress for permanent implementation of the
                    pilot program.
                (9) Sunset.--The authority to carry out this subsection
            shall terminate on the date that is 15 years after the date of
            enactment of this Act.
                (10) <<NOTE: Time period.>>  Authorization of
            appropriations.--There are authorized to be appropriated
            $60,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2023 through 2032 to carry
            out this subsection.
    SEC. 10312. <<NOTE: 42 USC 18992.>>  UNDERGRADUATE STEM EDUCATION.

        (a) Research on Stem Education and Workforce Needs.--The Director
    shall make awards, on a competitive basis, to four-year institutions of
    higher education or nonprofit organizations (or consortia of such
    institutions or organizations) to support research and development
    activities to--
                (1) encourage greater collaboration and coordination between
            institutions of higher education and industry to enhance
            education, foster hands-on learn experiences, and improve
            alignment with workforce needs;
                (2) understand the current composition of the STEM workforce
            and the factors that influence growth, retention, and
            development of that workforce;

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1517]]

                (3) increase the size, diversity, capability, and
            flexibility of the STEM workforce; and
                (4) increase dissemination and widespread adoption of
            effective practices in undergraduate education and workforce
            development.

        (b) Advanced Technological Education Program Update.--Section 3(b)
    of the Scientific and Advanced-Technology Act of 1992 (42 U.S.C.
    1862i(b)) is amended to read as follows:
        ``(b) Centers of Scientific and Technical Education.--
                ``(1) In general.--The Director shall make awards for the
            establishment of centers of excellence, in advanced-technology
            fields, among associate-degree-granting colleges. Centers shall
            meet one or both of the following criteria:
                        ``(A) Exceptional instructional programs in
                    advanced-technology fields.
                        ``(B) Excellence in undergraduate STEM education.
                ``(2) Purposes.--The centers shall serve as national and
            regional clearinghouses and models for the benefit of both
            colleges and secondary schools, and shall provide seminars and
            programs to disseminate model curricula and model teaching
            methods and instructional materials to other associate-degree-
            granting colleges.
                ``(3) Networks.--The centers may enter into partnerships
            with other institutions of higher education, nonprofit
            organizations, and stakeholder groups, or a consortium thereof,
            to develop networks to--
                        ``(A) <<NOTE: Coordination.>>  coordinate research,
                    training, and education activities funded by awards
                    under subsection (a);
                        ``(B) share information and best practices; or
                        ``(C) promote collaboration between academic
                    institutions, workforce development programs, labor
                    organizations, and industry to communicate and meet
                    workforce education and training needs.''.

        (c) Innovations in STEM Education at Community Colleges.--
                (1) In general.--The Director shall make awards on a merit-
            reviewed, competitive basis to institutions of higher education
            or nonprofit organizations (or consortia of such institutions or
            organizations) to advance research on the nature of learning and
            teaching at community colleges and to improve outcomes for
            students who enter the workforce upon completion of their STEM
            degree or credential or transfer to 4-year institutions,
            including by--
                        (A) examining how to scale up successful programs at
                    community colleges that are improving student outcomes
                    in foundational STEM courses;
                        (B) supporting research on effective STEM teaching
                    practices in community college settings;
                        (C) designing and developing new STEM curricula;
                        (D) providing STEM students with hands-on training
                    and research experiences, internships, and other
                    experiential learning opportunities;
                        (E) increasing access to high quality STEM education
                    through new technologies;
                        (F) re-skilling or up-skilling incumbent workers for
                    new STEM jobs;

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1518]]

                        (G) building STEM career and seamless transfer
                    pathways; and
                        (H) developing novel mechanisms to identify and
                    recruit talent into STEM programs, in particular talent
                    from groups historically underrepresented in STEM.
                (2) Partnerships.--In carrying out activities under this
            subsection, the Director shall encourage applications to
            develop, enhance, or expand cooperative STEM education and
            training partnerships between institutions of higher education,
            industry, and labor organizations.

        (d) Improving Access to STEM Education at Career and Technical
    Education Institutions.--
                (1) In general.--The Director shall make awards, on a
            competitive basis, to institutions of higher education
            (including postsecondary vocational institutions) to support
            career and technical education in STEM and computer science
            related fields.
                (2) Priority.--In making awards under this subsection, the
            Director shall give priority to institutions that demonstrate
            effective strategies to recruit and provide career and technical
            education to veterans and members of the Armed Forces
            transitioning to the private sector workforce.
                (3) Career and technical education defined.--In this
            subsection, the term ``career and technical education'' has the
            meaning given that term in section 3 of the Carl D. Perkins
            Career and Technical Education Act of 2006 (20 U.S.C. 2302).

        (e) Course-based Undergraduate Research Experiences.--
                (1) <<NOTE: Time period.>>  In general.--The Director shall
            carry out a 4-year pilot program under which the Director shall
            make awards, on a competitive basis, to institutions of higher
            education and nonprofit organizations (or consortia of such
            institutions or organizations) to establish a total of not fewer
            than five Centers to develop and scale up successful models for
            providing undergraduate students with hands-on, course-based
            research experiences.
                (2) Use of funds.--Awards made under this paragraph shall be
            used to--
                        (A) <<NOTE: Assessment.>>  develop, assess, and
                    disseminate models for providing undergraduate students
                    with course-based research experiences across STEM
                    disciplines and education levels;
                        (B) identify and address opportunities and
                    challenges in facilitating implementation across a broad
                    range of institution types, including historically Black
                    colleges and universities, Tribal Colleges or
                    Universities, minority serving institutions and
                    community colleges;
                        (C) identify and develop best practices to address
                    barriers for faculty, including institutional culture,
                    resources, and incentive structures;
                        (D) identify and address factors that may facilitate
                    or discourage participation by students from all
                    backgrounds;
                        (E) provide faculty with curriculum, professional
                    development, training, networking opportunities, and
                    other support to enable the development, adaptation, or
                    expansion of a course-based research experience; and

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1519]]

                        (F) <<NOTE: Data.>>  collect data and carry out
                    research to evaluate the impacts of course- based
                    undergraduate research experiences on the STEM
                    workforce.
                (3) Partnerships.--In making awards under this paragraph,
            the Director shall consider the extent to which the proposed
            Center will establish partnerships among multiple types of
            academic institutions, including community colleges, emerging
            research institutions, EPSCoR institutions, historically Black
            colleges and universities, Tribal Colleges or Universities, and
            minority-serving institutions, the private sector, and other
            relevant stakeholders in supporting programs and activities to
            facilitate faculty training and the widespread and sustained
            implementation of promising, evidence-based practices, models,
            programs, and curriculum.
                (4) Report.--Not later than 180 days after the date on which
            the pilot program is completed, the Director shall submit to
            Congress a report that includes--
                        (A) <<NOTE: Assessment.>>  an assessment, that
                    includes feedback from the research community, of the
                    effectiveness of the pilot program in increasing the
                    number, diversity, and workforce readiness of STEM
                    graduates; and
                        (B) <<NOTE: Plan.>>  if determined to be effective,
                    a plan for permanent implementation of the pilot
                    program.

        (f) Advanced Technological Manufacturing Act.--
                (1) Findings and purpose.--Section 2 of the Scientific and
            Advanced-Technology Act of 1992 (42 U.S.C. 1862h) is amended--
                        (A) in subsection (a)--
                              (i) in paragraph (3), by striking ``science,
                          mathematics, and technology'' and inserting
                          ``science, technology, engineering, and
                          mathematics or STEM'';
                              (ii) in paragraph (4), by inserting
                          ``educated'' and before ``trained''; and
                              (iii) in paragraph (5), by striking
                          ``scientific and technical education and
                          training'' and inserting ``STEM education and
                          training''; and
                        (B) in subsection (b)--
                              (i) in paragraph (2), by striking
                          ``mathematics and science'' and inserting ``STEM
                          fields''; and
                              (ii) in paragraph (4), by striking
                          ``mathematics and science instruction'' and
                          inserting ``STEM instruction''.
                (2) Modernizing references to stem.--Section 3 of the
            Scientific and Advanced-Technology Act of 1992 (42 U.S.C. 1862i)
            is amended--
                        (A) in the section heading, by striking ``scientific
                    and technical education'' and inserting ``stem
                    education'';
                        (B) in subsection (a)--
                              (i) in the subsection heading, by striking
                          ``Scientific and Technical Education'' and
                          inserting ``STEM Education'';
                              (ii) in the matter preceding paragraph (1)--
                                        (I) by inserting ``and education to
                                    prepare the skilled technical workforce
                                    to meet workforce demands'' before ``,
                                    and to improve'';

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1520]]

                                        (II) by striking ``core education
                                    courses in science and mathematics'' and
                                    inserting ``core education courses in
                                    STEM fields'';
                                        (III) by inserting ``veterans and
                                    individuals engaged in'' before ``work
                                    in the home''; and
                                        (IV) by inserting ``and on building
                                    a pathway from secondary schools to
                                    associate-degree-granting institutions,
                                    to careers that require technical
                                    training'' before ``, and shall be
                                    designed'';
                              (iii) in paragraph (1)--
                                        (I) by inserting ``and study'' after
                                    ``development''; and
                                        (II) by striking ``core science and
                                    mathematics courses'' and inserting
                                    ``core STEM courses'';
                              (iv) in paragraph (2), by striking ``science,
                          mathematics, and advanced-technology fields'' and
                          inserting ``STEM and advanced- technology
                          fields'';
                              (v) in paragraph (3)(A), by inserting ``to
                          support the advanced- technology industries that
                          drive the competitiveness of the United States in
                          the global economy'' before the semicolon at the
                          end;
                              (vi) in paragraph (4), by striking
                          ``scientific and advanced- technology fields'' and
                          inserting ``STEM and advanced-technology fields'';
                          and
                              (vii) in paragraph (5), by striking ``advanced
                          scientific and technical education'' and inserting
                          ``advanced STEM and advanced- technology'';
                        (C) in subsection (c)--
                              (i) in paragraph (1)--
                                        (I) in subparagraph (A)--
                                                (aa) in the matter preceding
                                            clause (i), by striking ``to
                                            encourage'' and all that follows
                                            through ``such means as--'' and
                                            inserting ``to encourage the
                                            development of career and
                                            educational pathways with
                                            multiple entry and exit points
                                            leading to credentials and
                                            degrees, and to assist students
                                            pursuing pathways in STEM fields
                                            to transition from associate-
                                            degree-granting colleges to
                                            bachelor- degree-granting
                                            institutions, through such means
                                            as--'';
                                                (bb) in clause (i), by
                                            striking ``to ensure'' and
                                            inserting ``to develop
                                            articulation agreements that
                                            ensure''; and
                                                (cc) in clause (ii), by
                                            striking ``courses at the
                                            bachelor-degree-granting
                                            institution'' and inserting
                                            ``the career and educational
                                            pathways supported by the
                                            articulation agreements'';
                                        (II) in subparagraph (B)--
                                                (aa) in clause (i), by
                                            inserting ``veterans and
                                            individuals engaged in'' before
                                            ``work in the home'';
                                                (bb) in clause (iii)--
                                                    (AA) by striking
                                                ``bachelor's-degree-
                                                granting institutions'' and
                                                inserting ``institutions or
                                                work sites''; and

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1521]]

                                                    (BB) by inserting ``or
                                                industry internships'' after
                                                ``summer programs''; and
                                                (cc) by striking the flush
                                            text following clause (iv); and
                                        (III) by striking subparagraph (C);
                              (ii) in paragraph (2)--
                                        (I) by striking ``mathematics and
                                    science programs'' and inserting ``STEM
                                    programs'';
                                        (II) by inserting ``and, as
                                    appropriate, elementary schools,'' after
                                    ``with secondary schools'';
                                        (III) by striking ``mathematics and
                                    science education'' and inserting ``STEM
                                    education'';
                                        (IV) by striking ``secondary school
                                    students'' and inserting ``students at
                                    these schools'';
                                        (V) by striking ``science and
                                    advanced-technology fields'' and
                                    inserting ``STEM and advanced-technology
                                    fields''; and
                                        (VI) by striking ``agreements with
                                    local educational agencies'' and
                                    inserting ``articulation agreements or
                                    dual credit courses with local secondary
                                    schools, or other means as the Director
                                    determines appropriate,''; and
                              (iii) in paragraph (3)--
                                        (I) by striking subparagraph (B);
                                        (II) by striking ``shall--''and all
                                    that follows through ``establish a'' and
                                    inserting ``shall establish a'';
                                        (III) by striking ``the fields of
                                    science, technology, engineering, and
                                    mathematics'' and inserting ``STEM
                                    fields''; and
                                        (IV) by striking ``; and'' and
                                    inserting ``, including jobs at Federal
                                    and academic laboratories.'';
                        (D) in subsection (d)(2)--
                              (i) in subparagraph (D), by striking ``and''
                          after the semicolon;
                              (ii) in subparagraph (E), by striking the
                          period at the end and inserting a ``; and''; and
                              (iii) by adding at the end the following:
                        ``(F) as appropriate, applications that apply the
                    best practices for STEM education and technical skills
                    education through distance learning or in a simulated
                    work environment, as determined by research described in
                    subsection (f); and'';
                        (E) in subsection (g), by striking the second
                    sentence;
                        (F) in subsection (h)(1)--
                              (i) in subparagraph (A), by striking ``2022''
                          and inserting ``2026'';
                              (ii) in subparagraph (B), by striking ``2022''
                          and inserting ``2026''; and
                              (iii) in subparagraph (C)--
                                        (I) by striking ``up to $2,500,000''
                                    and inserting ``not less than
                                    $3,000,000''; and
                                        (II) by striking ``2022'' and
                                    inserting ``2026'';
                        (G) in subsection (i)--
                              (i) by striking paragraph (3); and

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1522]]

                              (ii) by redesignating paragraphs (4) and (5)
                          as paragraphs (3) and (4), respectively; and
                        (H) in subsection (j)--
                              (i) by striking paragraph (1) and inserting
                          the following:
                ``(1) the term advanced-technology includes technological
            fields such as advanced manufacturing, agricultural-,
            biological- and chemical-technologies, energy and environmental
            technologies, engineering technologies, information
            technologies, micro and nano-technologies, cybersecurity
            technologies, geospatial technologies, and new, emerging
            technology areas;'';
                              (ii) in paragraph (4), by striking ``separate
                          bachelor-degree- granting institutions'' and
                          inserting ``other entities'';
                              (iii) by striking paragraph (7);
                              (iv) by redesignating paragraphs (8) and (9)
                          as paragraphs (7) and (8), respectively;
                              (v) in paragraph (7), as redesignated by
                          clause (iv), by striking ``and'' after the
                          semicolon;
                              (vi) in paragraph (8), as redesignated by
                          clause (iv)--
                                        (I) by striking ``mathematics,
                                    science, engineering, or technology''
                                    and inserting ``science, technology,
                                    engineering, or mathematics''; and
                                        (II) by striking the period at the
                                    end and inserting ``; and''; and
                              (vii) by adding at the end the following:
                ``(9) the term skilled technical workforce has the meaning
            given such term in section 4(b) of the Innovations in Mentoring,
            Training, and Apprenticeships Act (42 U.S.C. 1862p).''.
                (3) Authorization of appropriations.--Section 5 of the
            Scientific and Advanced-Technology Act of 1992 (42 U.S.C. 1862j)
            is amended to read as follows:
    ``SEC. 5. <<NOTE: Time period.>>  AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.

        ``There are authorized to be appropriated to the Director for
    carrying out sections 2 through 4 $150,000,000 for each of fiscal years
    2023 through 2027.''.
    SEC. 10313. <<NOTE: 42 USC 18993.>>  GRADUATE STEM EDUCATION.

        (a) Mentoring and Professional Development.--
                (1) Mentoring plans.--
                        (A) Update.--Section 7008(a) of the America Creating
                    Opportunities to Meaningfully Promote Excellence in
                    Technology, Education, and Science Act (42 U.S.C.
                    1862o(a)) is amended by--
                              (i) inserting ``and graduate student'' after
                          ``postdoctoral''; and
                              (ii) inserting ``The requirement may be
                          satisfied by providing such individuals with
                          access to mentors, including individuals not
                          listed on the award.'' after ``review
                          criterion.''.
                        (B) <<NOTE: Deadline. Contracts.>>  Evaluation.--Not
                    later than 120 days after the date of enactment of this
                    Act, the Director shall enter into an agreement with a
                    qualified independent organization to evaluate the
                    effectiveness of the postdoctoral mentoring plan
                    requirement for improving mentoring for Foundation-
                    supported postdoctoral researchers.

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1523]]

                (2) Career exploration.--
                        (A) In general.--The Director shall make awards, on
                    a competitive basis, to institutions of higher education
                    and nonprofit organizations (or consortia of such
                    institutions or organizations) to develop innovative
                    approaches for facilitating career exploration of
                    academic and nonacademic career options and for
                    providing opportunity-broadening experiences, including
                    work-integrated opportunities, for graduate students and
                    postdoctoral scholars that can then be considered,
                    adopted, or adapted by other institutions and to carry
                    out research on the impact and outcomes of such
                    activities.
                        (B) Review of proposals.--In selecting award
                    recipients under this subparagraph, the Director shall
                    consider, at a minimum--
                              (i) the extent to which the administrators of
                          the institution are committed to making the
                          proposed activity a priority; and
                              (ii) the likelihood that the institution or
                          organization will sustain or expand the proposed
                          activity effort beyond the period of the award.
                (3) <<NOTE: Requirement. Certification.>>  Development
            plans.--The Director shall require that annual project reports
            for awards that support graduate students and postdoctoral
            scholars include certification by the principal investigator
            that each graduate student and postdoctoral scholar receiving
            substantial support from such award, as determined by has
            developed and annually updated an individual development plan to
            map educational goals, career exploration, and professional
            development.
                (4) <<NOTE: Time period. Determination.>>  Professional
            development supplement.--The Director shall carry out a five-
            year pilot initiative to award up to 2,500 administrative
            supplements of up to $2,000 to existing research awards
            annually, on a competitive basis, to support professional
            development experiences for graduate students and postdoctoral
            researchers who receive a substantial portion of their support
            under such award, as determined by the Director. Not more than
            10 percent of supplements awarded under this subparagraph may be
            used to support professional development experiences for
            postdoctoral researchers.
                (5) Graduate education research.--The Director shall make
            awards, on a competitive basis, to institutions of higher
            education or nonprofit organizations (or consortia of such
            institutions or organizations) to support research on the
            graduate education system and outcomes of various interventions
            and policies, including--
                        (A) the effects of traineeships, fellowships,
                    internships, and teaching and research assistantships on
                    outcomes for graduate students;
                        (B) the effects of graduate education and mentoring
                    policies and procedures on degree completion, including
                    differences by--
                              (i) sex, race and ethnicity, and citizenship;
                          and
                              (ii) student debt load;
                        (C) <<NOTE: Assessment.>>  the development and
                    assessment of new or adapted interventions, including
                    approaches that improve mentoring relationships, develop
                    conflict management skills, and promote healthy research
                    teams; and

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1524]]

                        (D) <<NOTE: Data. Assessments.>>  research, data
                    collection, and assessment of the state of graduate
                    student mental health and wellbeing, factors
                    contributing to and consequences of poor graduate
                    student mental health, and the development, adaptation,
                    and assessment of evidence-based strategies and policies
                    to support emotional wellbeing and mental health.

        (b) Graduate Research Fellowship Program Update.--
                (1) <<NOTE: Time period.>>  Sense of congress.--It is the
            sense of Congress that the Foundation should increase the number
            of new graduate research fellows supported annually over the
            next 5 years to no fewer than 3,000 fellows.
                (2) Program update.--Section 10 of the National Science
            Foundation Act of 1950 (42 U.S.C. 1869) is amended--
                        (A) in subsection (a), by inserting ``and as will
                    address national workforce demand in critical STEM
                    fields'' after ``throughout the United States'';
                        (B) in subsection (b), by striking ``of $12,000''
                    and inserting ``of at least $16,000''; and
                        (C) by adding at the end the following:

        ``(c) Outreach.--The Director shall ensure program outreach to
    recruit fellowship applicants from fields of study that are in areas of
    critical national need from all regions of the country, and from
    historically underrepresented populations in STEM.''.
                (3) Cybersecurity scholarships and graduate fellowships.--
            The Director shall ensure that students pursuing master's
            degrees and doctoral degrees in fields relating to cybersecurity
            are eligible to apply for scholarships and graduate fellowships
            under the Graduate Research Fellowship Program under section 10
            of the National Science Foundation Act of 1950 (42 U.S.C. 1869).

        (c) Study on Graduate Student Funding.--
                (1) <<NOTE: Deadline. Contracts. Evaluation.>>  In
            general.--Not later than 120 days after the date of enactment of
            this Act, the Director shall enter into an agreement with a
            qualified independent organization to evaluate--
                        (A) the role of the Foundation in supporting
                    graduate student education and training through
                    fellowships, traineeships, and other funding models; and
                        (B) the impact of different funding mechanisms on
                    graduate student experiences and outcomes, including
                    whether such mechanisms have differential impacts on
                    subsets of the student population.
                (2) <<NOTE: Publication. Recommenda- tions.>>  Report.--Not
            later than 1 year after the date of enactment of this Act, the
            Director shall publish the results of the evaluation carried out
            under paragraph (1), including a recommendation for the
            appropriate balance between fellowships, traineeships, and other
            funding models.

        (d) [LOG 165 H10304(g)/S2208] AI Scholarship-for-Service.--
                (1) Definition of executive agency.--In this subsection, the
            term ``executive agency'' has the meaning given the term
            ``Executive agency'' in section 105 of title 5, United States
            Code.
                (2) <<NOTE: Coordination.>>  AI scholarship-for-service
            initiative report.--Not later than 1 year after the date of
            enactment of this Act, the Director, in coordination with the
            Office of Personnel Management, shall submit to the Committee on
            Commerce, Science, and Transportation of the Senate, the
            Committee on

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1525]]

            Science, Space, and Technology of the House of Representatives,
            the Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs of
            the Senate, and the Committee on Oversight and Reform of the
            House of Representatives a report on the need and feasibility,
            and if appropriate, plans to implement a program to recruit and
            train the next generation of artificial intelligence
            professionals to meet the needs of Federal, State, local, and
            Tribal governments. The report shall include--
                        (A) <<NOTE: Data.>>  recent statistical data on the
                    size, composition, and educational requirements of the
                    Federal AI workforce, including an assessment of current
                    and future demand for additional AI professionals across
                    the Federal Government;
                        (B) <<NOTE: Assessment.>>  an assessment of the
                    capacity of institutions of higher education to produce
                    graduates with degrees, certifications, and relevant
                    skills related to artificial intelligence that meet the
                    current and future needs of the Federal workforce; and
                        (C) <<NOTE: Evaluation.>>  an evaluation of the need
                    for and feasibility of establishing a scholarship-for-
                    service program to recruit and train the next generation
                    of artificial intelligence professionals to meet the
                    needs of Federal, State, local, and Tribal governments,
                    including opportunities for leveraging existing
                    processes and resources for administering the Federal
                    Cyber Scholarship-for-Service Program established under
                    section 302 of the Cybersecurity Enhancement Act of 2014
                    (15 U.S.C. 7442) in standing up such a program.
                (3) <<NOTE: Coordination.>>  Program establishment.--Upon
            submitting the report required in paragraph (2), the Director,
            in coordination with the Director of the Office of Personnel
            Management, the Director of the National Institute of Standards
            and Technology, and the heads of other agencies with appropriate
            scientific knowledge, is authorized to establish a Federal
            artificial intelligence scholarship-for-service program
            (referred to in this section as the Federal AI Scholarship-for-
            Service Program) to recruit and train artificial intelligence
            professionals to lead and support the application of artificial
            intelligence to the missions of Federal, State, local, and
            Tribal governments.
                (4) <<NOTE: Coordination. Criteria.>>  Qualified institution
            of higher education.--The Director, in coordination with the
            heads of other agencies with appropriate scientific knowledge,
            shall establish criteria to designate qualified institutions of
            higher education that shall be eligible to participate in the
            Federal AI Scholarship-for-Service program. Such criteria shall
            include--
                        (A) measures of the institution's demonstrated
                    excellence in the education of students in the field of
                    artificial intelligence; and
                        (B) measures of the institution's ability to attract
                    and retain a diverse and nontraditional student
                    population in the fields of science, technology,
                    engineering, and mathematics, which may include the
                    ability to attract women, minorities, and individuals
                    with disabilities.
                (5) Program description and components.--The Federal AI
            Scholarship-for-Service Program shall--

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1526]]

                        (A) provide scholarships through qualified
                    institutions of higher education to students who are
                    enrolled in programs of study at institutions of higher
                    education leading to degrees or concentrations in or
                    related to the artificial intelligence field;
                        (B) provide the scholarship recipients with summer
                    internship opportunities or other meaningful temporary
                    appointments in the Federal workforce focusing on AI
                    projects or research;
                        (C) prioritize the employment placement of
                    scholarship recipients in executive agencies;
                        (D) identify opportunities to promote multi-
                    disciplinary programs of study that integrate basic or
                    advanced AI training with other fields of study,
                    including those that address the social, economic,
                    legal, and ethical implications of human interaction
                    with AI systems;
                        (E) support capacity-building education research
                    programs that will enable postsecondary educational
                    institutions to expand their ability to train the next-
                    generation AI workforce, including AI researchers and
                    practitioners;
                        (F) create courses or training programs in
                    technology ethics for students receiving scholarships;
                    and
                        (G) award fellowships to masters and doctoral
                    students who are pursuing degrees or research in
                    artificial intelligence and related fields, including in
                    the field of technology ethics.
                (6) <<NOTE: Time period.>>  Scholarship amounts.--Each
            scholarship under paragraph (5) shall be in an amount that
            covers the student's tuition and fees at the institution for not
            more than 3 years and provides the student with an additional
            stipend.
                (7) <<NOTE: Contracts.>>  Post-award employment
            obligations.--Each scholarship recipient, as a condition of
            receiving a scholarship under the program, shall enter into an
            agreement under which the recipient agrees to work for a period
            equal to the length of the scholarship, following receipt of the
            student's degree, in the AI mission of--
                        (A) an executive agency;
                        (B) Congress, including any agency, entity, office,
                    or commission established in the legislative branch;
                        (C) an interstate agency;
                        (D) a State, local, or Tribal government, which may
                    include instruction in AI-related skill sets in a public
                    school system; or
                        (E) a State, local, or Tribal government-affiliated
                    nonprofit entity that is considered to be critical
                    infrastructure (as defined in section 1016(e) of the USA
                    Patriot Act (42 U.S.C. 5195c(e))).
                (8) Hiring authority.--
                        (A) Appointment in excepted service.--
                    Notwithstanding any provision of chapter 33 of title 5,
                    United States Code, governing appointments in the
                    competitive service, an executive agency may appoint an
                    individual who has completed the eligible degree program
                    for which a scholarship was awarded to a position in the
                    excepted service in the executive agency.
                        (B) Noncompetitive conversion.--Except as provided
                    in subparagraph (D), upon fulfillment of the service
                    term,

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1527]]

                    an employee appointed under subparagraph (A) may be
                    converted noncompetitively to term, career-conditional,
                    or career appointment.
                        (C) Timing of conversion.--An executive agency may
                    noncompetitively convert a term employee appointed under
                    subparagraph (B) to a career-conditional or career
                    appointment before the term appointment expires.
                        (D) Authority to decline conversion.--An executive
                    agency may decline to make the noncompetitive conversion
                    or appointment under subparagraph (B) for cause.
                (9) Eligibility.--To be eligible to receive a scholarship
            under this section, an individual shall--
                        (A) be a citizen or lawful permanent resident of the
                    United States;
                        (B) demonstrate a commitment to a career in
                    advancing the field of AI;
                        (C) be--
                              (i) a full-time student in an eligible degree
                          program at a qualified institution of higher
                          education, as determined by the Director;
                              (ii) a student pursuing a degree on a less
                          than full-time basis, but not less than half-time
                          basis; or
                              (iii) an AI faculty member on sabbatical to
                          advance knowledge in the field; and
                        (D) accept the terms of a scholarship under this
                    section.
                (10) Conditions of support.--
                        (A) In general.--As a condition of receiving a
                    scholarship under this section, a recipient shall agree
                    to provide the qualified institution of higher education
                    with annual verifiable documentation of post-award
                    employment and up-to-date contact information.
                        (B) Terms.--A scholarship recipient under this
                    section shall be liable to the United States as provided
                    in paragraph (12) if the individual--
                              (i) <<NOTE: Determination.>>  fails to
                          maintain an acceptable level of academic standing
                          at the applicable institution of higher education,
                          as determined by the Director;
                              (ii) is dismissed from the applicable
                          institution of higher education for disciplinary
                          reasons;
                              (iii) withdraws from the eligible degree
                          program before completing the program;
                              (iv) declares that the individual does not
                          intend to fulfill the post- award employment
                          obligation under this section; or
                              (v) fails to fulfill the post-award employment
                          obligation of the individual under this section.
                (11) Monitoring compliance.--As a condition of participating
            in the program, a qualified institution of higher education
            shall--
                        (A) <<NOTE: Contracts.>>  enter into an agreement
                    with the Director to monitor the compliance of
                    scholarship recipients with respect to their post-award
                    employment obligations; and
                        (B) <<NOTE: Time period.>>  provide to the Director,
                    on an annual basis, the post-award employment
                    documentation required under paragraph (10) for
                    scholarship recipients through the completion of their
                    post-award employment obligations.
                (12) Amount of repayment.--

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1528]]

                        (A) Less than 1 year of service.--If a circumstance
                    described in paragraph (10) occurs before the completion
                    of 1 year of a post-award employment obligation under
                    this section, the total amount of scholarship awards
                    received by the individual under this section shall--
                              (i) be repaid; or
                              (ii) be treated as a loan to be repaid in
                          accordance with paragraph (13).
                        (B) 1 or more years of service.--If a circumstance
                    described in clause (iv) or (v) of paragraph (10)(B)
                    occurs after the completion of 1 or more years of a
                    post-award employment obligation under this section, the
                    total amount of scholarship awards received by the
                    individual under this section, reduced by the ratio of
                    the number of years of service completed divided by the
                    number of years of service required, shall--
                              (i) be repaid; or
                              (ii) be treated as a loan to be repaid in
                          accordance with paragraph (13).
                (13) Repayments.--A loan described in paragraph (12) shall--
                        (A) be treated as a Federal Direct Unsubsidized
                    Stafford Loan under part D of title IV of the Higher
                    Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1087a et seq.); and
                        (B) <<NOTE: Consultation.>>  be subject to
                    repayment, together with interest thereon accruing from
                    the date of the scholarship award, in accordance with
                    terms and conditions specified by the Director (in
                    consultation with the Secretary of Education).
                (14) Collection of repayment.--
                        (A) <<NOTE: Determinations.>>  In general.--In the
                    event that a scholarship recipient is required to repay
                    the scholarship award under this section, the qualified
                    institution of higher education providing the
                    scholarship shall--
                              (i) <<NOTE: Notification.>>  determine the
                          repayment amounts and notify the recipient and the
                          Director of the amounts owed; and
                              (ii) <<NOTE: Time period.>>  collect the
                          repayment amounts within a period of time as
                          determined by the Director, or the repayment
                          amounts shall be treated as a loan in accordance
                          with paragraph (13).
                        (B) Returned to treasury.--Except as provided in
                    subparagraph (C), any repayment under this subsection
                    shall be returned to the Treasury of the United States.
                        (C) Retain percentage.--A qualified institution of
                    higher education may retain a percentage of any
                    repayment the institution collects under this subsection
                    to defray administrative costs associated with the
                    collection. <<NOTE: Applicability.>>  The Director shall
                    establish a fixed percentage that will apply to all
                    eligible entities, and may update this percentage as
                    needed, in the determination of the Director.
                (15) <<NOTE: Waiver. Suspension.>>  Exceptions.--The
            Director may provide for the partial or total waiver or
            suspension of any service or payment obligation by an individual
            under this section whenever compliance by the individual with
            the obligation is impossible or would involve extreme hardship
            to the individual, or if enforcement of such obligation with
            respect to the individual would be unconscionable.

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1529]]

                (16) <<NOTE: Coordination. Time periods.>>  Public
            information.--
                        (A) Evaluation.--The Director, in coordination with
                    the Director of the Office of Personnel Management,
                    shall annually evaluate and make public, in a manner
                    that protects the personally identifiable information of
                    scholarship recipients, information on the success of
                    recruiting individuals for scholarships under this
                    section and on hiring and retaining those individuals in
                    the public sector AI workforce, including information
                    on--
                              (i) placement rates;
                              (ii) where students are placed, including job
                          titles and descriptions;
                              (iii) salary ranges for students not released
                          from obligations under this section;
                              (iv) how long after graduation students are
                          placed;
                              (v) how long students stay in the positions
                          they enter upon graduation;
                              (vi) how many students are released from
                          obligations; and
                              (vii) what, if any, remedial training is
                          required.
                        (B) Reports.--The Director, in coordination with the
                    Office of Personnel Management, shall submit, not less
                    frequently than once every 3 years, to the Committee on
                    Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs of the
                    Senate, the Committee on Commerce, Science, and
                    Transportation of the Senate, the Committee on Science,
                    Space, and Technology of the House of Representatives,
                    and the Committee on Oversight and Reform of the House
                    of Representatives a report, including the results of
                    the evaluation under subparagraph (A) and any recent
                    statistics regarding the size, composition, and
                    educational requirements of the Federal AI workforce.
                        (C) <<NOTE: Coordination.>>  Resources.--The
                    Director, in coordination with the Director of the
                    Office of Personnel Management, shall provide
                    consolidated and user-friendly online resources for
                    prospective scholarship recipients, including, to the
                    extent practicable--
                              (i) searchable, up-to-date, and accurate
                          information about participating institutions of
                          higher education and job opportunities related to
                          the AI field; and
                              (ii) a modernized description of AI careers.
                (17) <<NOTE: Time period. Coordination.>>  Refresh.--Not
            less than once every 2 years, the Director, in coordination with
            the Director of the Office of Personnel Management, shall review
            and update the Federal AI Scholarship-for-Service Program to
            reflect advances in technology.
    SEC. 10314. <<NOTE: 42 USC 18994.>>  STEM WORKFORCE DATA.

        (a) Skilled Technical Workforce Portfolio Review.--
                (1) <<NOTE: Deadline. Analysis.>>  In general.--Not later
            than 1 year after the date of enactment of this Act, the
            Director shall conduct a full portfolio analysis of the
            Foundation's skilled technical workforce investments across all
            Directorates in the areas of education, research,
            infrastructure, data collection, and analysis.
                (2) <<NOTE: Public information.>>  Report.--Not later than
            180 days after the date of the review under paragraph (1) is
            complete, the Director shall

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1530]]

            submit to Congress and make widely available to the public a
            summary report of the portfolio review.

        (b) Survey Data.--
                (1) Rotating topic modules.--
            To <<NOTE: Assessment. Coordination.>>  meet evolving needs for
            data on the state of the science and engineering workforce, the
            Director shall assess, through coordination with other Federal
            statistical agencies and drawing on input from relevant
            stakeholders, the feasibility and benefits of incorporating
            questions or topic modules to existing National Center for
            Science and Engineering Statistics surveys that would vary from
            cycle to cycle.
                (2) New data.--
            Not <<NOTE: Deadline. Assessment. Coordination.>>  later than 1
            year after the date of enactment of this Act, the Director shall
            submit to Congress and the Board the results of an assessment,
            carried out in coordination with other Federal agencies and with
            input from relevant stakeholders, of the feasibility and
            benefits of incorporating new questions or topic modules to
            existing National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics
            surveys on--
                        (A) the skilled technical workforce;
                        (B) working conditions and work-life balance;
                        (C) harassment and discrimination;
                        (D) immigration and emigration; and
                        (E) any other topics at the discretion of the
                    Director.
                (3) Longitudinal design.--The Director shall continue and
            accelerate efforts to enhance the usefulness of National Center
            for Science and Engineering Statistics survey data for
            longitudinal research and analysis.
                (4) <<NOTE: Reports.>>  Government accountability office
            review.--Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of
            this Act, the Comptroller General of the United States shall
            submit a report to Congress that--
                        (A) <<NOTE: Evaluation.>>  evaluates Foundation
                    processes for ensuring the data and analysis produced by
                    the National Center for Science and Engineering
                    Statistics meets current and future needs; and
                        (B) <<NOTE: Recommenda- tions.>>  includes such
                    recommendations as the Comptroller General determines
                    are appropriate to improve such processes.
    SEC. 10315. <<NOTE: 42 USC 18995.>>  CYBER WORKFORCE DEVELOPMENT
                                RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT.

        (a) In General.--The Director shall make awards on a merit-reviewed,
    competitive basis to institutions of higher education or nonprofit
    organizations (or consortia of such institutions or organizations) to
    carry out research on the cyber workforce.
        (b) Research.--In carrying out research pursuant to subsection (a),
    the Director shall support research and development activities to--
                (1) understand the current state of the cyber workforce,
            including factors that influence growth, retention, and
            development of that workforce;
                (2) examine paths to entry and re-entry into the cyber
            workforce;
                (3) understand trends of the cyber workforce, including
            demographic representation, educational and professional
            backgrounds present, competencies available, and factors that
            shape employee recruitment, development, and retention and how

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1531]]

            to increase the size, diversity, and capability of the cyber
            workforce;
                (4) examine and evaluate training practices, models,
            programs, and technologies; and
                (5) other closely related topics as the Director determines
            appropriate.

        (c) Requirements.--In carrying out the activities described in
    subsection (b), the Director shall--
                (1) collaborate with the National Institute of Standards and
            Technology, including the National Initiative for Cybersecurity
            Education, the Department of Homeland Security, the Department
            of Defense, the Office of Personnel Management, and other
            Federal departments and agencies, as appropriate;
                (2) align with or build on the National Initiative on
            Cybersecurity Education Cybersecurity Workforce Framework
            wherever practicable and applicable;
                (3) leverage the collective body of knowledge from existing
            cyber workforce development research and education activities;
            and
                (4) engage with other Federal departments and agencies,
            research communities, and potential users of information
            produced under this subsection.
    SEC. 10316. FEDERAL CYBER SCHOLARSHIP-FOR-SERVICE PROGRAM.

        (a) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that--
                (1) since cybersecurity risks are constant in the growing
            digital world, it is critical that the United States stay ahead
            of malicious cyber activity with a workforce that can safeguard
            our innovation, research, and work environments; and
                (2) Federal investments in the Federal Cyber Scholarship-
            for-Service Program at the National Science Foundation play a
            critical role in preparing and sustaining a strong, talented,
            and much-needed national cybersecurity workforce and should be
            strengthened.

        (b) In General.--Section 302(b)(1) of the Cybersecurity Enhancement
    Act of 2014 (15 U.S.C. 7442(b)(1)) is amended by striking the semicolon
    at the end and inserting the following ``and cybersecurity-related
    aspects of other related fields as appropriate, including artificial
    intelligence, quantum computing and aerospace;''.
    SEC. 10317. <<NOTE: 42 USC 18996.>>  CYBERSECURITY WORKFORCE DATA
                                INITIATIVE.

        The Director, acting through the National Center for Science and
    Engineering Statistics established in section 505 of the America
    COMPETES Reauthorization Act of 2010 (42 U.S.C. 1862p) and in
    coordination with the Director of the National Institute of Standards
    and Technology and other appropriate Federal statistical agencies, shall
    establish a cybersecurity workforce data initiative that--
                (1) <<NOTE: Assessment. Estimates.>>  assesses the
            feasibility of providing nationally representative estimates and
            statistical information on the cybersecurity workforce;
                (2) utilizes the National Initiative for Cybersecurity
            Education (NICE) Cybersecurity Workforce Framework (NIST Special
            Publication 800-181), or other frameworks, as appropriate, to
            enable a consistent measurement of the cybersecurity workforce;

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1532]]

                (3) utilizes and complements existing data on employer
            requirements and unfilled positions in the cybersecurity
            workforce;
                (4) <<NOTE: Consultation.>>  consults key stakeholders and
            the broader community of practice in cybersecurity workforce
            development to determine data requirements needed to strengthen
            the cybersecurity workforce;
                (5) <<NOTE: Evaluation.>>  evaluates existing Federal survey
            data for information pertinent to developing national estimates
            of the cybersecurity workforce;
                (6) evaluates administrative data and other supplementary
            data sources, as available, to describe and measure the
            cybersecurity workforce; and
                (7) collects statistical data, to the greatest extent
            practicable, on credential attainment and employment outcomes
            information for the cybersecurity workforce.
    SEC. 10318. <<NOTE: 42 USC 18997.>>  MICROELECTRONICS WORKFORCE
                                DEVELOPMENT ACTIVITIES.

        (a) Creating Helpful Initiatives to Produce Personnel in Needed
    Growth Industries.--
                (1) In general.--The Director shall make awards to
            institutions of higher education, non-profit organizations, or
            consortia thereof, for research, development, and related
            activities to advance innovative approaches to developing,
            improving, and expanding evidence-based education and workforce
            development activities and learning experiences at all levels of
            education in fields and disciplines related to microelectronics.
                (2) Purposes.--Activities carried out under this section
            shall be for the purpose of supporting the growth, retention,
            and development of a diverse and sustainable microelectronics
            workforce to meet the requirements of the programs established
            in section 9906(c)(2)(C) of the William M. (Mac) Thornberry
            National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 in
            support of the evolving needs of industry, academia, government,
            and Federal laboratories.
                (3) Uses of funds.--Awards made under this section shall be
            used to support activities, such as--
                        (A) development of industry-oriented curricula and
                    teaching modules for topics relevant to
                    microelectronics, including those that provide
                    meaningful hands-on learning experiences;
                        (B) dissemination of materials developed in
                    subparagraph (A), including through the creation and
                    maintenance of a publicly-accessible database and online
                    portal;
                        (C) development and implementation of training,
                    research, and professional development programs for
                    teachers, including innovative pre-service and in-
                    service programs, in microelectronics and related
                    fields;
                        (D) support for learning activities and experiences
                    that provide physical, simulated, or remote access to
                    training facilities and industry-standard processes and
                    tools, including equipment and software for the design,
                    development, manufacturing, and testing of
                    microelectronics;
                        (E) increasing the integration of microelectronics
                    content into STEM curricula at all education levels;

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1533]]

                        (F) Growing academic research capacity in
                    microelectronics by incentivizing the hiring of faculty
                    in fields critical to microelectronics;
                        (G) support for innovative industry pathway programs
                    that connect high school, vocational, military, college,
                    and graduate programs; and
                        (H) providing informal hands-on microelectronics
                    learning opportunities for PreK-12 students in different
                    learning environments, including competitions.
                (4) Advanced microelectronics traineeships.--
                        (A) In general.--The Director shall make awards to
                    institutions of higher education or nonprofit
                    organizations (or consortia of such institutions and
                    organizations) to establish traineeship programs for
                    graduate students who pursue microelectronics research
                    leading to a masters or doctorate degree by providing
                    funding and other assistance, and by providing graduate
                    students with opportunities for research experiences in
                    government or industry related to the students'
                    microelectronics studies.
                        (B) Use of funds.--Institutions of higher education
                    or non-profit organizations (or consortia of such
                    institutions and organizations) shall use award funds
                    provided under subparagraph (A) for the purposes of--
                              (i) paying tuition and fees, and providing
                          stipends, for students receiving traineeships who
                          are citizens, nationals, or aliens lawfully
                          admitted for permanent residence;
                              (ii) facilitating opportunities for scientific
                          internship programs for students receiving
                          traineeships in microelectronics at private
                          industry, nonprofit research institutions, or
                          Federal laboratories; and
                              (iii) such other costs associated with the
                          administration of the program.
                (5) Microelectronics skilled technical workforce programs.--
            The Director shall make awards under the Scientific and
            Advanced-Technology Act of 1992 (42 U.S.C. 1862h-j) to support
            programs for skilled technical workers in STEM disciplines that
            are aligned with skilled workforce needs of the microelectronics
            industry and lead to an associate's degree, or equivalent
            certification, by providing funding and other assistance,
            including opportunities for internships and other hands-on
            experiences in industry related to the students'
            microelectronics studies.
                (6) Microelectronics research experiences through existing
            programs.--The Director shall seek to increase opportunities for
            microelectronics research for students and trainees at all
            levels by encouraging proposals in microelectronics through
            existing programs including--
                        (A) research experiences for undergraduates pursuant
                    to section 514 of the America COMPETES Reauthorization
                    Act of 2010 (42 U.S.C. 1862p-6);
                        (B) postdoctoral fellowship programs established
                    pursuant to section 522 of the America COMPETES Act of
                    2010 (42 U.S.C. 1862p-11);
                        (C) graduate fellowships established pursuant to
                    section 10 of the National Science Foundation Act of
                    1950 (42 U.S.C. 1869);

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1534]]

                        (D) informal STEM education programs established
                    pursuant to section 3 of the STEM Education Act of 2015
                    (42 U.S.C. 1862q);
                        (E) the Robert Noyce Teacher Scholarship Program
                    established pursuant to section 10 of the National
                    Science Foundation Authorization Act of 2002 (42 U.S.C.
                    1862n-1);
                        (F) major research instrumentation programs
                    established pursuant to section 7036 of the America
                    COMPETES Act (42 U.S.C. 1862o-14); and
                        (G) low-income scholarship program established
                    pursuant to section 414(d) of the American
                    Competitiveness and Workforce Improvement Act of 1998
                    (42 U.S.C. 1869c).
                (7) Industry partnerships.--In carrying out the activities
            under this section, the Director shall encourage awardees to
            partner with industry and other private sector organizations to
            facilitate the expansion of workforce pipelines and enable
            access to industry-standard equipment and software for use in
            undergraduate and graduate microelectronics education programs.
                (8) Interagency coordination.--In carrying out activities
            under this section, the Director shall collaborate with the
            Subcommittee on Microelectronics Leadership of the National
            Science and Technology Council, established in subsection (a) of
            section 9906 of the William M. (Mac) Thornberry National Defense
            Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 and the National
            Semiconductor Technology Center established in subsection (c) of
            section 9906 of such Act, and other relevant Federal agencies to
            maintain the effectiveness of microelectronics workforce
            development activities across the agencies.

        (b) National Network for Microelectronics Education.--
                (1) <<NOTE: Coordination.>>  In general.--The Director, in
            coordination with the Secretary of Commerce, shall on a
            competitive, merit-reviewed basis, make awards to institutions
            of higher education and non-profit organizations (or consortia
            of such institutions and organizations) to establish
            partnerships to enhance and broaden participation in
            microelectronics education.
                (2) Activities.--Awards made under this subsection shall be
            used for the following:
                        (A) To conduct training and education activities
                    funded by awards under paragraph (1) and in coordination
                    with the Network Coordination Hub established in
                    paragraph (3), including curricula design, development,
                    dissemination, and assessment, and the sharing of
                    information and best practices across the network of
                    awardees.
                        (B) To develop regional partnerships among
                    associate-degree-granting colleges, bachelor-degree-
                    granting institutions, workforce development programs,
                    labor organizations, and industry to create a diverse
                    national technical workforce trained in microelectronics
                    and ensure education and training is meeting the
                    evolving needs of industry.
                        (C) To develop local workforce pipelines that align
                    with capacity investments made by industry and the
                    Federal government, including vocational and high school
                    training programs, community college degrees and
                    certificates, veteran post service opportunities, and
                    mentoring.

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1535]]

                        (D) To facilitate partnerships with employers,
                    employer consortia or other private sector organizations
                    that offer apprenticeships, internships, or applied
                    learning experiences in the field of microelectronics.
                        (E) To develop shared infrastructure available to
                    institutions of higher education, two-year colleges, and
                    private organizations to enable experiential learning
                    activities and provide physical or digital access to
                    training facilities and industry-standard tools and
                    processes.
                        (F) To create and disseminate public outreach to
                    support awareness of microelectronics education and
                    career opportunities, including through outreach to
                    PreK-12 schools and STEM-related organizations.
                        (G) <<NOTE: Coordination.>>  To collaborate and
                    coordinate with industry and existing public and private
                    organizations conducting microelectronics education and
                    workforce development activities, as practicable.
                (3) Network coordination hub.--The Director shall make an
            award on a competitive, merit-reviewed basis to an institution
            of higher education or nonprofit organization (or a consortium
            thereof) to establish a national network of partnerships
            (referred to in this section as the ``National Network for
            Microelectronics Education'') to coordinate activities, best
            practice sharing, and access to facilities across the
            partnerships established in accordance with paragraph (1).
                (4) Incentivizing participation.--To the extent practicable,
            the Director shall encourage participation in the National
            Network for Microelectronics Education through the coordination
            of activities and distribution of awards described in subsection
            (a).
                (5) Partnerships.--The Director shall encourage the
            submission of proposals that are led by historically Black
            colleges and universities, Tribal Colleges or Universities, and
            minority-serving institutions or that include partnerships with
            or among such institutions to increase the recruitment of
            students from groups historically underrepresented in STEM to
            pursue graduate studies in microelectronics.
                (6) <<NOTE: Requirement. Proposals.>>  Outreach.--In
            addition to any other requirements as determined appropriate by
            the Director, the Director shall require that proposals for
            awards under this section shall include a description of how the
            applicant will develop and implement outreach activities to
            increase the participation of women and other students from
            groups historically underrepresented in STEM.
                (7) Coordination across foundation programs.--In carrying
            out the activities under this section, the Director shall ensure
            awardees coordinate with, and avoid unnecessary duplication of,
            the activities carried out under this Section with the
            activities of the 21st Century Nanotechnology Research and
            Development Act (Public Law 108-153), the National Quantum
            Initiative Act (Public Law 115-368), and Division E of the
            William M. (Mac) Thornberry National Defense Authorization Act
            for Fiscal Year 2021, and other related programs, as
            appropriate.
                (8) Interagency coordination.--In carrying out activities
            under this section, the Director shall collaborate with the
            Subcommittee on Microelectronics Leadership of the National

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1536]]

            Science and Technology Council, established in subsection (a) of
            section 9906 of the William M. (Mac) Thornberry National Defense
            Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 and the National
            Semiconductor Technology Center established in subsection (c) of
            section 9906 of such Act.
    SEC. 10319. INCORPORATION OF ART AND DESIGN INTO CERTAIN STEM
                                EDUCATION.

        (a) National Science Foundation Authorization Act.--Section 9(a) of
    the National Science Foundation Authorization Act of 2002 (42 U.S.C.
    1862n(a)) is amended in paragraph (3)--
                (1) in subparagraph (M), by striking ``and'' at the end;
                (2) by redesignating subparagraph (N) as subparagraph (O);
            and
                (3) after subparagraph (M), by inserting the following new
            subparagraph:
                        ``(N) developing science, technology, engineering,
                    and mathematics educational curriculum that incorporates
                    art and design to promote creativity and innovation;
                    and''.

        (b) STEM Education Act [Log 169 H10304(k)].--Section 3 of the STEM
    Education Act of 2015 (42 U.S.C. 1862q) is amended--
                (1) in subsection (a)--
                        (A) in paragraph (2), by striking ``and'' at the
                    end;
                        (B) in paragraph (3), by striking the period and
                    inserting ``; and''; and
                        (C) by adding at the end the following:
                ``(4) the integration of art and design in STEM educational
            programs.''; and
                (2) in subsection (b)--
                        (A) in paragraph (3), by striking ``and'' at the
                    end;
                        (B) in paragraph (4), by striking the period and
                    inserting ``; and''; and
                        (C) by adding at the end the following:
                ``(5) design and testing of programming that integrates art
            and design in STEM education to promote creativity and
            innovation.''.
    SEC. 10320. <<NOTE: 42 USC 18998.>>  MANDATORY COST-SHARING.

        (a) Waiver.--The cost-sharing requirements under section 7036(c) of
    the America Creating Opportunities to Meaningfully Promote Excellence in
    Technology, Education, and Science Act (42 U.S.C. 1862o-14(c)) for the
    Major Research Instrumentation Program and under section 10A(i) of the
    National Science Foundation Authorization Act of 2002 (42 U.S.C. 1862n-
    1a(i)) for teaching fellowships administered within the Robert Noyce
    Teacher Scholarship Program are waived for a period of 5 years following
    the date of enactment of this Act.
        (b) <<NOTE: Deadline.>>  Assessment.--Not later than 5 years
    following the date of enactment of this Act, the Director shall submit
    to Congress an assessment, that includes feedback from the research
    community, of the impacts of the waivers provided under subsection (a),
    including--
                (1) programmatic and scientific goals;
                (2) institutional commitment and stewardship of Federal
            resources;
                (3) institutional strategic planning and administrative
            burden;
                (4) equity among recipient institutions; and

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1537]]

                (5) <<NOTE: Recommenda- tions.>>  recommendations for or
            against extending or making permanent such waivers.
    SEC. 10321. <<NOTE: 42 USC 18999.>>  PROGRAMS TO ADDRESS THE STEM
                                WORKFORCE.

        (a) In General.--The Director shall issue undergraduate
    scholarships, including at community colleges, graduate fellowships and
    traineeships, postdoctoral awards, and, as appropriate, other awards, to
    address STEM workforce gaps, including for programs that recruit,
    retain, and advance students to a bachelor's degree in a STEM discipline
    concurrent with a secondary school diploma, such as through existing and
    new partnerships with State educational agencies.
        (b) <<NOTE: Time period.>>  Postdoctoral Professional Development.--
    In carrying out this section, the Director shall encourage innovation in
    postdoctoral professional development, support the development and
    diversity of the STEM workforce, and study the impacts of such
    innovation and support. To do so, the Director may use postdoctoral
    awards established under subsection (a) or leveraged under subsection
    (d)(1) for fellowships or other temporary rotational postings of not
    more than 2 years. Such fellowships or temporary rotational postings
    shall be awarded--
                (1) to qualified individuals who have a doctoral degree and
            received such degree not earlier than 5 years before the date
            that the fellowship or temporary rotational posting begins; and
                (2) to carry out research at Federal, State, local, and
            Tribal government research facilities.

        (c) Direct Hire Authority.--
                (1) In general.--The head of any Federal agency may appoint,
            without regard to the provisions of subchapter I of chapter 33
            of title 5, United States Code, other than sections 3303 and
            3328 of that title, a qualified candidate described in paragraph
            (2) directly to a position in the competitive service with the
            Federal agency for which the candidate meets Office of Personnel
            Management qualification standards.
                (2) Fellowship or temporary rotational posting.--Paragraph
            (1) applies with respect to a former recipient of an award under
            this subsection who--
                        (A) earned a doctoral degree in a STEM field from an
                    institution of higher education; and
                        (B) successfully fulfilled the requirements of the
                    fellowship or temporary rotational posting within a
                    Federal agency.
                (3) <<NOTE: Deadline.>>  Limitation.--The direct hire
            authority under this subsection shall be exercised with respect
            to a specific qualified candidate not later than 2 years after
            the date that the candidate completed the requirements related
            to the fellowship or temporary rotational posting described
            under this subsection.

        (d) Existing Programs.--In carrying out this section, the Director
    may leverage existing programs, including programs that issue--
                (1) postdoctoral awards;
                (2) graduate fellowships and traineeships, inclusive of the
            NSF Research Traineeships and fellowships awarded under the
            Graduate Research Fellowship Program;
                (3) scholarships, research experiences, and internships,
            including--

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1538]]

                        (A) scholarships to attend community colleges; and
                        (B) research experiences and internships under
                    sections 513, 514, and 515 of the America COMPETES
                    Reauthorization Act of 2010 (42 U.S.C. 1862p-5; 1862p-6;
                    42 U.S.C. 1862p-7); and
                (4) awards to institutions of higher education to enable the
            institutions to fund innovation in undergraduate and graduate
            education, increased educational capacity, and the development
            and establishment of new or specialized programs of study for
            graduate, undergraduate, or technical college students, and the
            evaluation of the effectiveness of the programs of study.

                      Subtitle C--Broadening Participation

    SEC. 10321. PRESIDENTIAL AWARDS FOR EXCELLENCE IN MATHEMATICS AND
                                SCIENCE.

        (a) In General.--Section 117(a) of the National Science Foundation
    Authorization Act of 1988 (42 U.S.C. 1881b(a)) is amended--
                (1) in subparagraph (B)--
                        (A) by striking ``108'' and inserting ``110'';
                        (B) by striking clause (iv);
                        (C) in clause (v), by striking the period at the end
                    and inserting ``; and'';
                        (D) by redesignating clauses (i), (ii), (iii), and
                    (v) as subclauses (I), (II), (III), and (IV),
                    respectively, and moving the margins of such subclauses
                    (as so redesignated) two ems to the right; and
                        (E) by striking ``In selecting teachers'' and all
                    that follows through ``two teachers--'' and inserting
                    the following:
                        ``(C) In selecting teachers for an award authorized
                    by this subsection, the President shall select--
                              ``(i) at least two teachers--''; and
                (2) in subparagraph (C), as so designated by paragraph
            (1)(E) of this subsection, by adding at the end the following:
                              ``(ii) at least one teacher--
                                        ``(I) from the Commonwealth of the
                                    Northern Mariana Islands;
                                        ``(II) from American Samoa;
                                        ``(III) from the Virgin Islands of
                                    the United States; and
                                        ``(IV) from Guam.''.

        (b) <<NOTE: Applicability. 42 USC 1881b note.>>  Effective Date.--
    The amendments made by subsection (a) shall apply with respect to awards
    made on or after the date of the enactment of this Act.
    SEC. 10322. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19011.>>  ROBERT NOYCE TEACHER
                                SCHOLARSHIP PROGRAM UPDATE.

        (a) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that over the
    next five years the Foundation should increase the number of
    scholarships awarded under the Robert Noyce Teacher Scholarship program
    established under section 10 of the National Science Foundation
    Authorization Act of 2002 (42 U.S.C. 1862n-1) by 50 percent.

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1539]]

        (b) Outreach.--To increase the diversity of participants, the
    Director shall support symposia, forums, conferences, and other
    activities to expand and enhance outreach to--
                (1) historically Black colleges and universities;
                (2) Tribal Colleges or Universities;
                (3) minority-serving institutions;
                (4) institutions of higher education that are located near
            or serve rural communities, including EPSCoR institutions;
                (5) labor organizations;
                (6) emerging research institutions; and
                (7) higher education programs that serve or support
            veterans.
    SEC. 10323. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19012.>>  NSF EDDIE BERNICE JOHNSON
                                INCLUDES INITIATIVE.

        (a) In General.--The Director shall make awards, on a competitive
    basis, to institutions of higher education or non-profit organizations
    (or consortia of such institutions or organizations) to carry out a
    comprehensive national initiative to facilitate the development of
    networks and partnerships to build on and scale up effective practices
    in broadening participation in STEM studies and careers of groups
    historically underrepresented in such studies and careers.
        (b) Change of Name.--The initiative under subsection (a) shall be
    known as the ``Eddie Bernice Johnson Inclusion across the Nation of
    Communities of Learners of Underrepresented Discoverers in Engineering
    and Science Initiative'' or the ``Eddie Bernice Johnson INCLUDES
    Initiative''.
    SEC. 10324. <<NOTE: Requirement. Contracts. Plan. 42 USC 19013.>>
                                BROADENING PARTICIPATION ON MAJOR
                                FACILITIES AWARDS.

        The Director shall require organizations seeking a cooperative
    agreement for the management of the operations and maintenance of a
    Foundation project to demonstrate prior experience and current
    capabilities in or to have a plan for employing best practices in
    broadening participation in science and engineering and ensure
    implementation of such practices is considered in oversight of the
    award.
    SEC. 10325. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19014.>>  EXPANDING GEOGRAPHIC AND
                                INSTITUTIONAL DIVERSITY IN RESEARCH.

        (a) Continuing Support for EPSCoR .--
                (1) Sense of congress.--It is the sense of Congress that--
                        (A) because maintaining the Nation's scientific and
                    economic leadership requires the participation of
                    talented individuals nationwide, EPSCoR investments into
                    State research and education capacities are in the
                    Federal interest and should be sustained;
                        (B) EPSCoR should maintain its experimental
                    component by supporting innovative methods for improving
                    research capacity and competitiveness; and
                        (C) the Director should carry out this subsection
                    while maintaining or increasing proposal success rates
                    at emerging research institutions throughout the United
                    States and without precluding access to awards for such
                    institutions.
                (2) Update of epscor.--Section 517(f)(2) of the America
            COMPETES Reauthorization Act of 2010 (42 U.S.C. 1862p-9(f)(2))
            is amended--

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1540]]

                        (A) in subparagraph (A), by striking ``and'' at the
                    end; and
                        (B) by adding at the end the following:
                        ``(C) to increase the capacity of rural communities
                    to provide quality STEM education and STEM workforce
                    development programming to students, and teachers;
                    and''.
                (3) <<NOTE: Time periods.>>  Geographic diversity and
            inclusion.--
                        (A) In general.--To the maximum extent practicable,
                    not less than--
                              (i) 15.5 percent in fiscal year 2023,
                              (ii) 16 percent in fiscal year 2024,
                              (iii) 16.5 percent in fiscal year 2025,
                              (iv) 17 percent in fiscal year 2026,
                              (v) 18 percent in fiscal year 2027,
                              (vi) 19 percent in fiscal year 2028, and
                              (vii) 20 percent in fiscal year 2029,
                    of the amounts appropriated to the Foundation for
                    research and related activities, and science,
                    mathematics, and engineering education and human
                    resources programs and activities, excluding those
                    amounts made available for polar research and operations
                    support (and operations and maintenance of research
                    facilities), shall be awarded to EPSCoR institutions.
                        (B) Scholarships.--To the maximum extent
                    practicable, not less than--
                              (i) 16 percent in fiscal year 2023,
                              (ii) 18 percent in fiscal year 2024, and
                              (iii) 20 percent in each of fiscal years 2025
                          through 2029,
                    of the amounts appropriated to the Foundation for
                    scholarships (including at community colleges), graduate
                    fellowships and traineeships, and postdoctoral awards
                    shall be used to support EPSCoR institutions.
                        (C) Considerations.--The Director shall consider
                    prioritizing funding and activities that enable
                    sustainable growth in the competitiveness of EPSCoR
                    jurisdictions, including--
                              (i) infrastructure investments to build
                          research capacity in EPSCoR jurisdictions;
                              (ii) scholarships, fellowships, and
                          traineeships within new and existing programs, to
                          promote the development of sustainable research
                          and academic personnel;
                              (iii) partnerships between eligible
                          organizations in EPSCoR and non-EPSCoR
                          jurisdictions, to develop administrative, grant
                          management, and proposal writing capabilities in
                          EPSCoR jurisdictions;
                              (iv) capacity building activities for emerging
                          research institutions, historically Black colleges
                          and universities, Tribal Colleges or Universities,
                          and minority serving institutions, consistent with
                          this section and section 10524 of this division;
                          and
                              (v) leveraging the Partnerships for Innovation
                          program, as well as the Foundation coordination
                          role in the Department of Commerce technology and
                          innovation hub program under section 28 of the
                          Stevenson-Wydler Technology Innovation Act of 1980
                          as added

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1541]]

                          by section 10621, to build sustainable innovation
                          ecosystems in EPSCoR jurisdictions.
                        (D) Merit review.--The Director shall achieve the
                    percentages specified in this paragraph to the maximum
                    extent practicable, consistent with the National Science
                    Foundation merit review process.
                        (E) Consortia.--In the case of an award to a
                    consortium, the Director may count the entire award
                    toward meeting the funding requirements of subparagraph
                    (A) if the lead entity of the consortium is located in
                    an EPSCoR institution
                        (F) Annual reporting.--Beginning with the fiscal
                    year 2023, the Director shall submit to Congress a
                    report describing--
                              (i) the Foundation's implementation of this
                          paragraph;
                              (ii) progress in building research capacity,
                          including both infrastructure and personnel, in
                          EPSCoR jurisdictions, including at historically
                          Black colleges and universities, Tribal Colleges
                          or Universities, minority-serving institutions,
                          and emerging research institutions; and
                              (iii) if the Foundation does not meet the
                          requirement described in subparagraph (A), an
                          explanation relating thereto and a plan for
                          compliance in the following fiscal year and
                          remediation.
                        (G) Analysis and sustainability report.--Not later
                    than December 31, 2026, the Director shall submit to
                    Congress a report containing an analysis of the impacts
                    of the requirements under subparagraphs (A) and (B). The
                    report shall include--
                              (i) an analysis of how the requirements under
                          this paragraph affected the balance of total
                          funding awarded by the Foundation to states and
                          territories across the United States;
                              (ii) an analysis of any changes in award
                          success and total funding awarded to Historically
                          black colleges and universities, Tribal Colleges
                          or Universities, minority-serving institutions,
                          and emerging research institutions between the
                          date of enactment and December 31, 2026;
                              (iii) an analysis of the gains in academic
                          research capacity, quality, and competitiveness
                          and in science and technology human resource
                          development in EPSCoR jurisdictions made between
                          the enactment of this Act and December 31, 2026;
                              (iv) <<NOTE: Assessment.>>  an assessment of
                          EPSCoR eligibility criteria and determination on
                          whether new eligibility criteria should be
                          developed based on the findings from clauses (i),
                          (ii), and (iii); and
                              (v) a plan to sustain and grow improvements in
                          research capacity and competitiveness in EPSCoR
                          jurisdictions.
                        (H) EPSCoR eligibility.--
                              (i) <<NOTE: Determination.>>  In general.--The
                          Director shall ensure eligibility for current
                          EPSCoR jurisdictions for five years from the date
                          of enactment of this Act, after which

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1542]]

                          the Director shall determine whether new
                          eligibility criteria should be developed based on
                          the findings in the report required under
                          subparagraph (G).
                              (ii) Report.--Not later than December 31,
                          2028, the Director shall report to Congress
                          regarding any new eligibility criteria determined
                          under clause (i), any changes to jurisdictional
                          eligibility based on such criteria, and the
                          necessity and practicality of continuing or
                          modifying the requirement under subparagraph (A)
                          given any such changes to eligibility. The report
                          shall include an analysis of options to support
                          regions in non-EPSCoR jurisdictions, adjacent to
                          EPSCoR jurisdictions, that historically receive
                          disproportionately low levels of funding from the
                          Foundation, including, if appropriate, options to
                          expand the EPSCoR program or to establish new
                          programs.

        (b) Fostering Stem Research Diversity and Capacity Program.--
                (1) In general.--The Director shall make awards on a
            competitive, merit-reviewed basis to eligible institutions to
            implement and study innovative approaches for building research
            capacity in order to engage and retain students from a range of
            institutions and diverse backgrounds in STEM.
                (2) <<NOTE: Time period.>>  Eligible institution defined.--
            In this subsection the term ``eligible institution'' means an
            institution of higher education that, according to the data
            published by the National Center for Science and Engineering
            Statistics, is not, on average, among the top 100 institutions
            in Federal research and development expenditures during the 3-
            year period prior to the year of the award.
                (3) Purpose.--The activities under this subsection shall be
            focused on achieving simultaneous impacts at the student,
            faculty, and institutional levels by increasing the research
            capacity at eligible institutions and the number of
            undergraduate and graduate students pursuing STEM degrees from
            eligible institutions.
                (4) Requirements.--In carrying out this program, the
            Director shall--
                        (A) require eligible institutions seeking funding
                    under this subsection to submit an application to the
                    Director at such time, in such manner, containing such
                    information and assurances as the Director may require.
                    The application shall include, at a minimum a
                    description of how the eligible institution plans to
                    sustain the proposed activities beyond the duration of
                    the award;
                        (B) require applicants to identify disciplines and
                    focus areas in which the eligible institution can excel,
                    and explain how the applicant will use the award to
                    build capacity to bolster the institutional research
                    competitiveness of eligible entities to support awards
                    made by the Foundation and increase regional and
                    national capacity in STEM;
                        (C) require the awards funded under this subsection
                    to support research and related activities, which may
                    include--
                              (i) development or expansion of research
                          programs in disciplines and focus areas in
                          subparagraph (B);

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1543]]

                              (ii) faculty recruitment and professional
                          development in disciplines and focus areas in
                          subparagraph (B), including for early-career
                          researchers;
                              (iii) stipends for undergraduate and graduate
                          students participating in research in disciplines
                          and focus areas in subparagraph (B);
                              (iv) acquisition of instrumentation necessary
                          to build research capacity at an eligible
                          institution in disciplines and focus areas in
                          subparagraph (B);
                              (v) <<NOTE: Assessment.>>  an assessment of
                          capacity-building and research infrastructure
                          needs;
                              (vi) administrative research development
                          support; and
                              (vii) other activities necessary to build
                          research capacity; and
                        (D) require that no eligible institution should
                    receive more than $10,000,000 in any single year of
                    funds made available under this section.
                (5) Additional considerations.--In making awards under this
            subsection, the Director may also consider--
                        (A) the extent to which the applicant will support
                    students from diverse backgrounds, including first-
                    generation undergraduate students;
                        (B) the geographic and institutional diversity of
                    the applying institutions; and
                        (C) how the applicants can leverage public-private
                    partnerships and existing partnerships with Federal
                    Research Agencies.
                (6) Duplication.--The Director shall ensure the awards made
            under this subsection are complementary and not duplicative of
            existing programs.
                (7) <<NOTE: Assessments.>>  Report.--The Director shall
            submit a report to Congress after the third year of the program
            that includes--
                        (A) an assessment of the effectiveness of the
                    program for growing the geographic and institutional
                    diversity of institutions of higher education receiving
                    research awards from the Foundation;
                        (B) an assessment of the quality, quantity, and
                    geographic and institutional diversity of institutions
                    of higher education conducting Foundation- sponsored
                    research since the establishment of the program in this
                    subsection;
                        (C) an assessment of the quantity and diversity of
                    undergraduate and graduate students graduating from
                    eligible institutions with STEM degrees; and
                        (D) <<NOTE: Data.>>  statistical summary data on the
                    program, including the geographic and institutional
                    allocation of award funding, the number and diversity of
                    supported graduate and undergraduate students, and how
                    it contributes to capacity building at eligible
                    entities.
                (8) <<NOTE: Time period.>>  Authorization of
            appropriations.--There is authorized to be appropriated to the
            Director $150,000,000 for each of the fiscal years 2023 through
            2027 to carry out the activities under this subsection.

        (c) Partnerships With Emerging Research Institutions.--
                (1) <<NOTE: Time period.>>  In general.--The Director shall
            establish a five-year pilot program for awards to research
            partnerships that involve

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1544]]

            emerging research institutions and may involve institutions
            classified as very high research activity by the Carnegie
            Classification of Institutions of Higher Education at the time
            of application.
                (2) Requirements.--In carrying out this program, the
            Director shall--
                        (A) require that each proposal submitted by a multi-
                    institution collaboration for an award, including those
                    under subtitle G of this title, that exceeds $1,000,000,
                    as appropriate, specify how the applicants will support
                    substantive, meaningful, sustainable, and mutually
                    beneficial partnerships with one or more emerging
                    research institutions;
                        (B) require recipients funded under this subsection
                    to direct no less than 35 percent of the total award to
                    one or more emerging research institutions;
                        (C) require recipients funded under this subsection
                    to report on the partnership activities as part of the
                    annual reporting requirements of the Foundation; and
                        (D) solicit feedback on the partnership directly
                    from partner emerging research institutions, in such
                    form as the Director deems appropriate.
                (3) Capacity building.--Funds awarded to emerging research
            institutions under this subsection may be used to build research
            capacity, including through support for faculty salaries and
            training, field and laboratory research experiences for
            undergraduate and graduate students, and maintenance and repair
            of research equipment and instrumentation.
                (4) Report.--The Director shall submit a report to Congress
            after the third year of the pilot program that includes--
                        (A) <<NOTE: Assessment.>>  an assessment, drawing on
                    feedback from the research community and other sources
                    of information, of the effectiveness of the pilot
                    program for improving the quality of partnerships with
                    emerging research institutions; and
                        (B) <<NOTE: Plan.>>  if deemed effective, a plan for
                    permanent implementation of the pilot program.
    SEC. 10326. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19015.>>  DIVERSITY IN TECH RESEARCH.

        The Director shall make awards, on a competitive basis, to
    institutions of higher education or nonprofit organizations (or
    consortia of such institutions or organizations) to support basic,
    applied, and use-inspired research that yields a scientific evidence
    base for improving the design and emergence, development and deployment,
    and management and ultimate effectiveness of entities involved in
    technology research, including research related to diversity and
    inclusion in the technology sector.
    SEC. 10327. <<NOTE: 42 USC 1916.>>  CHIEF DIVERSITY OFFICER OF THE
                                NSF.

        (a) Chief Diversity Officer.--
                (1) Appointment.--The Director shall appoint a senior agency
            official within the Office of the Director as a Chief Diversity
            Officer.
                (2) Qualifications.--The Chief Diversity Officer shall have
            significant experience, within the Federal Government and the
            science community, with diversity- and inclusion-related
            matters, including--
                        (A) civil rights compliance;

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1545]]

                        (B) harassment policy, reviews, and investigations;
                        (C) equal employment opportunity; and
                        (D) disability policy.

        (b) Duties.--The Chief Diversity Officer is responsible for
    providing advice on policy, oversight, guidance, and coordination with
    respect to matters of the Foundation related to diversity and inclusion,
    including ensuring the geographic diversity of the Foundation programs.
    Other duties may include--
                (1) establishing and maintaining a strategic plan that
            publicly states a diversity definition, vision, and goals for
            the Foundation;
                (2) defining a set of strategic metrics that are--
                        (A) directly linked to key organizational priorities
                    and goals;
                        (B) actionable; and
                        (C) actively used to implement the strategic plan
                    under paragraph (1);
                (3) advising in the establishment of a strategic plan for
            diverse participation by individuals and institutions of higher
            education, including community colleges, historically Black
            colleges and universities, Tribal Colleges or Universities,
            minority serving institutions, institutions of higher education
            with an established STEM capacity building program focused on
            Native Hawaiians or Alaska Natives, and EPSCoR institutions);
                (4) advising in the establishment of a strategic plan for
            outreach to, and recruiting from, untapped locations and
            underrepresented populations;
                (5) advising on a diversity and inclusion strategy for the
            Foundation's portfolio of PreK-12 STEM education focused
            programs and activities, including goals for addressing barriers
            to participation;
                (6) advising on the application of the Foundation's broader
            impacts review criterion; and
                (7) performing such additional duties and exercise such
            powers as the Director may prescribe.

        (c) <<NOTE: Time period.>>  Authorization of Appropriations.--To
    carry out this section, there are authorized to be appropriated
    $5,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2023 through 2027.
    SEC. 10328. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19017.>>  RESEARCH AND DISSEMINATION TO
                                INCREASE THE PARTICIPATION OF WOMEN
                                AND UNDERREPRESENTED MINORITIES IN
                                STEM FIELDS.

        (a) In General.--The Director shall make awards on a competitive,
    merit-reviewed basis, to institutions of higher education or non-profit
    organizations (or consortia of such institutions or organizations), to
    enable such entities to increase the participation of women and
    underrepresented minorities in STEM studies and careers.
        (b) Use of Funds.--An eligible entity that receives an award under
    this subsection shall use such award funds to carry out one or more of
    the following activities designed to increase the participation of women
    or minorities historically underrepresented in STEM, or both:
                (1) Research to analyze the record-level data collected
            under sections 10502 and 10504, consistent with policies to
            ensure the privacy of individuals identifiable by such data.

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1546]]

                (2) Research to study best practices for work-life
            accommodation.
                (3) Research to study the impact of policies and practices
            that are implemented or are otherwise consistent with the
            purposes of this section.
                (4) Mentoring programs that facilitate engagement of STEM
            professionals with students.
                (5) Research experiences for undergraduate and graduate
            students in STEM fields.
                (6) Outreach to elementary school and secondary school
            students to provide opportunities to increase their exposure to
            STEM fields.

        (c) Dissemination Activities.--The Director shall carry out
    dissemination activities consistent with the purposes of this section,
    including--
                (1) collaboration with other Federal research agencies and
            professional associations to exchange best practices, harmonize
            work-life accommodation policies and practices, and overcoming
            common barriers to work-life accommodation; and
                (2) collaboration with institutions of higher education in
            order to clarify and catalyze the adoption of a coherent and
            consistent set of work-life accommodation policies and
            practices.

        (d) <<NOTE: Time periods.>>  Authorization of Appropriations.--There
    are authorized to be appropriated to carry out this section $5,000,000
    for each of fiscal years 2023, 2024, 2025, 2026, and 2027.
    SEC. 10329. ACTIVITIES TO EXPAND STEM OPPORTUNITIES.

        (a) National Science Foundation Support for Increasing Diversity
    Among Stem Faculty at Institutions of Higher Education.--Section 305 of
    the American Innovation and Competitiveness Act (42 U.S.C. 1862s-5) is
    amended--
                (1) by redesignating subsections (e) and (f) as subsections
            (g) and (h), respectively; and
                (2) by inserting after subsection (d) the following:

        ``(e) Support for Increasing Diversity Among Stem Faculty at
    Institutions of Higher Education.--
                ``(1) In general.--The Director of the Foundation shall make
            awards to institutions of higher education (or consortia
            thereof) for the development and assessment of innovative reform
            efforts designed to increase the recruitment, retention, and
            advancement of individuals from underrepresented minority groups
            in academic STEM careers, which may include implementing or
            expanding successful evidence-based practices.
                ``(2) Merit review; competition.--Awards shall be made under
            this subsection on a merit-reviewed, competitive basis.
                ``(3) Use of funds.--Activities supported by awards under
            this subsection may include--
                        ``(A) <<NOTE: Assessments. Data.>>  institutional
                    assessment activities, such as data analyses and policy
                    review, in order to identify and address specific issues
                    in the recruitment, retention, and advancement of
                    faculty members from underrepresented minority groups;
                        ``(B) <<NOTE: Assessments.>>  assessments of
                    distribution of mentoring and advising responsibilities
                    among faculty, particularly for faculty from
                    underrepresented minority groups, that may detract from
                    time spent on research, publishing papers, and other
                    activities required to achieve tenure status or

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1547]]

                    promotion (or equivalents for non-tenure track faculty)
                    and run a productive research program;
                        ``(C) <<NOTE: Assessment.>>  development and
                    assessment of training courses for administrators and
                    search committee members designed to ensure unbiased
                    evaluation of candidates from underrepresented minority
                    groups;
                        ``(D) development and hosting of intra- or inter-
                    institutional workshops to propagate best practices in
                    recruiting, retaining, and advancing faculty members
                    from underrepresented minority groups;
                        ``(E) professional development opportunities for
                    faculty members from underrepresented minority groups;
                        ``(F) activities aimed at making undergraduate STEM
                    students from underrepresented minority groups aware of
                    opportunities for academic careers in STEM fields; and
                        ``(G) activities to identify and engage exceptional
                    graduate students and postdoctoral researchers from
                    underrepresented minority groups at various stages of
                    their studies and to encourage them to enter academic
                    careers.
                ``(4) Selection process.--
                        ``(A) Application.--An institution of higher
                    education (or a consortium of such institutions) seeking
                    funding under this subsection shall submit an
                    application to the Director of the Foundation at such
                    time, in such manner, and containing such information
                    and assurances as such Director may require. The
                    application shall include, at a minimum, a description
                    of--
                              ``(i) the reform effort that is being proposed
                          for implementation by the institution of higher
                          education;
                              ``(ii) any available evidence of specific
                          difficulties in the recruitment, retention, and
                          advancement of faculty members from
                          underrepresented minority groups in STEM academic
                          careers within the institution of higher education
                          submitting an application, and how the proposed
                          reform effort would address such issues;
                              ``(iii) support for the proposed reform effort
                          by administrators of the institution, which may
                          include details on previous or ongoing reform
                          efforts;
                              ``(iv) how the proposed reform effort may
                          contribute to change in institutional culture and
                          policy such that a greater value is placed on the
                          recruitment, retention, and advancement of faculty
                          members from underrepresented minority groups;
                              ``(v) how the institution of higher education
                          submitting an application plans to sustain the
                          proposed reform effort beyond the duration of the
                          award, if the effort proved successful; and
                              ``(vi) how the success and effectiveness of
                          the proposed reform effort will be evaluated and
                          assessed in order to contribute to the national
                          knowledge base about models for catalyzing
                          institutional change.
                        ``(B) Award distribution.--The Director of the
                    Foundation shall ensure, to the extent practicable, that
                    awards under this section are made to a variety of types
                    of institutions of higher education.

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1548]]

                ``(5) Authorization of appropriations.--There are authorized
            to be appropriated to carry out this subsection $8,000,000 for
            each of fiscal years 2023 through 2027.''.

        (b) National Science Foundation Support for Broadening Participation
    in Undergraduate Stem Education.--Section 305 of the American Innovation
    and Competitiveness Act (42 U.S.C. 1862s-5), as amended by subsection
    (b), is further amended by inserting after subsection (e) the following:
        ``(f) Support for Broadening Participation in Undergraduate Stem
    Education.--
                ``(1) In general.--The Director of the Foundation shall make
            awards to institutions of higher education (or a consortium of
            such institutions) to implement or expand research-based reforms
            in undergraduate STEM education for the purpose of recruiting
            and retaining students from minority groups who are
            underrepresented in STEM fields.
                ``(2) Merit review; competition.--Awards shall be made under
            this subsection on a merit-reviewed, competitive basis.
                ``(3) Use of funds.--Activities supported by awards under
            this subsection may include--
                        ``(A) implementation or expansion of innovative,
                    research-based approaches to broaden participation of
                    underrepresented minority groups in STEM fields;
                        ``(B) implementation or expansion of successful,
                    research-based bridge, cohort, tutoring, or mentoring
                    programs, including those involving community colleges
                    and technical schools, designed to enhance the
                    recruitment and retention of students from
                    underrepresented minority groups in STEM fields;
                        ``(C) implementation or expansion of outreach
                    programs linking institutions of higher education and
                    PreK-12 school systems in order to heighten awareness
                    among precollege students from underrepresented minority
                    groups of opportunities in college-level STEM fields and
                    STEM careers;
                        ``(D) implementation or expansion of faculty
                    development programs focused on improving retention of
                    undergraduate STEM students from underrepresented
                    minority groups;
                        ``(E) implementation or expansion of mechanisms
                    designed to recognize and reward faculty members who
                    demonstrate a commitment to increasing the participation
                    of students from underrepresented minority groups in
                    STEM fields;
                        ``(F) expansion of successful reforms aimed at
                    increasing the number of STEM students from
                    underrepresented minority groups beyond a single course
                    or group of courses to achieve reform within an entire
                    academic unit, or expansion of successful reform efforts
                    beyond a single academic unit or field to other STEM
                    academic units or fields within an institution of higher
                    education;
                        ``(G) expansion of opportunities for students from
                    underrepresented minority groups to conduct STEM
                    research in industry, at Federal labs, and at
                    international research institutions or research sites;
                        ``(H) provision of stipends for students from
                    underrepresented minority groups participating in
                    research;

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1549]]

                        ``(I) development of research collaborations between
                    research-intensive universities and primarily
                    undergraduate historically Black colleges and
                    universities, Tribal Colleges or Universities, and
                    minority serving institutions;
                        ``(J) support for graduate students and postdoctoral
                    fellows from underrepresented minority groups to
                    participate in instructional or assessment activities at
                    primarily undergraduate institutions, including
                    primarily undergraduate historically Black colleges and
                    universities, Tribal Colleges or Universities, and
                    minority serving institutions and 2-year institutions of
                    higher education; and
                        ``(K) other activities consistent with paragraph
                    (1), as determined by the Director of the Foundation.
                ``(4) Selection process.--
                        ``(A) Application.--An institution of higher
                    education (or a consortium thereof) seeking an award
                    under this subsection shall submit an application to the
                    Director of the Foundation at such time, in such manner,
                    and containing such information and assurances as such
                    Director may require. The application shall include, at
                    a minimum--
                              ``(i) a description of the proposed reform
                          effort;
                              ``(ii) a description of the research findings
                          that will serve as the basis for the proposed
                          reform effort or, in the case of applications that
                          propose an expansion of a previously implemented
                          reform, a description of the previously
                          implemented reform effort, including data about
                          the recruitment, retention, and academic
                          achievement of students from underrepresented
                          minority groups;
                              ``(iii) evidence of an institutional
                          commitment to, and support for, the proposed
                          reform effort, including a long-term commitment to
                          implement successful strategies from the current
                          reform beyond the academic unit or units included
                          in the award proposal;
                              ``(iv) a description of how the proposed
                          reform effort may contribute to, or in the case of
                          applications that propose an expansion of a
                          previously implemented reforms has contributed to,
                          change in institutional culture and policy such
                          that a greater value is placed on the recruitment,
                          retention and academic achievement of students
                          from underrepresented minority groups;
                              ``(v) a description of existing or planned
                          institutional policies and practices regarding
                          faculty hiring, promotion, tenure, and teaching
                          assignment that reward faculty contributions to
                          improving the education of students from
                          underrepresented minority groups in STEM; and
                              ``(vi) how the success and effectiveness of
                          the proposed reform effort will be evaluated and
                          assessed in order to contribute to the national
                          knowledge base about models for catalyzing
                          institutional change,
                        ``(B) Award distribution.--The Director of the
                    Foundation shall ensure, to the extent practicable, that
                    awards under this subsection are made to a variety of
                    types of institutions of higher education, including
                    historically Black colleges and universities, Tribal
                    Colleges or

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1550]]

                    Universities, minority serving institutions, and 2-year
                    institutions of higher education.
                ``(5) Education research.--
                        ``(A) In general.--All awards made under this
                    subsection shall include an education research component
                    that will support the design and implementation of a
                    system for data collection and evaluation of proposed
                    reform efforts in order to build the knowledge base on
                    promising models for increasing recruitment and
                    retention of students from underrepresented minority
                    groups in STEM education at the undergraduate level
                    across a diverse set of institutions.
                        ``(B) Dissemination.--The Director of the Foundation
                    shall coordinate with the Committee on STEM Education of
                    the National Science and Technology Council in
                    disseminating the results of the research under this
                    paragraph to ensure that best practices in broadening
                    participation in STEM education at the undergraduate
                    level are made readily available to all institutions of
                    higher education, other Federal agencies that support
                    STEM programs, non-Federal funders of STEM education,
                    and the general public.
                ``(6) <<NOTE: Time period.>>  Authorization of
            appropriations.--There are authorized to be appropriated to
            carry out this subsection $15,000,000 for each of fiscal years
            2023 through 2027.''.
    SEC. 10330. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19018.>>  INTRAMURAL EMERGING RESEARCH
                                INSTITUTIONS PILOT PROGRAM.

        (a) <<NOTE: Determination.>>  Establishment.--The Director may
    conduct multiple pilot programs, including through existing programs or
    other programs authorized in this division or division A, within the
    Foundation to expand the number of institutions of higher education
    (including such institutions that are community colleges), and other
    eligible entities that the Director determines appropriate, that are
    able to successfully compete for Foundation awards.

        (b) Components.--Pilot programs under this section may include--
                (1) a mentorship program;
                (2) award application writing technical assistance;
                (3) targeted outreach, including to a historically Black
            college or university, a Tribal college or university, or a
            minority-serving institution (including a Hispanic-serving
            institution or an institution of higher education with an
            established STEM capacity building program focused on Native
            Hawaiians or Alaska Natives);
                (4) programmatic support or solutions for institutions or
            entities that do not have an experienced award management
            office;
                (5) an increase in the number of award proposal reviewers
            from institutions of higher education that have not
            traditionally received funds from the Foundation; or
                (6) an increase of the term and funding, for a period of 3
            years or less, as appropriate, for awards with a first-time
            principal investigator, when paired with regular mentoring on
            the administrative aspects of award management.

        (c) Limitation.--As appropriate, each pilot program under this
    section shall work to reduce administrative burdens for recipients and
    award personnel.

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1551]]

        (d) <<NOTE: Deadline.>>  Agency-wide Programs.--Not later than 5
    years after the date of enactment of this Act, the Director shall--
                (1) <<NOTE: Review.>>  review the results of the pilot
            programs under this section; and
                (2) develop agencywide best practices from the pilot
            programs for implementation across the Foundation, in order to
            fulfill the requirement under section 3(e) of the National
            Science Foundation Act of 1950 (42 U.S.C. 1862(e)).

                        Subtitle D--NSF Research Security

    SEC. 10331. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19031.>>  OFFICE OF RESEARCH SECURITY
                                AND POLICY.

        The Director shall maintain a Research Security and Policy office
    within the Office of the Director with not fewer than four full-time
    equivalent positions, in addition to the Chief of Research Security
    established pursuant to section 10332. The functions of the Research
    Security and Policy office shall be to coordinate all research security
    policy issues across the Foundation, including by--
                (1) consulting and coordinating with the Foundation Office
            of Inspector General, with other Federal research agencies, and
            intelligence and law enforcement agencies, and the National
            Science and Technology Council, as appropriate, in accordance
            with the authority provided under section 1746 of the National
            Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2020 (Public Law 116-
            92; 42 U.S.C. 6601 note), to identify and address potential
            security risks that threaten research integrity and other risks
            to the research enterprise and to develop research security
            policy and best practices, taking into account the policy
            guidelines to be issued by the Director of the Office of Science
            and Technology Policy under section 10631 of this division;
                (2) serving as a resource at the Foundation for all issues
            related to the security and integrity of the conduct of
            Foundation-supported research;
                (3) conducting outreach and education activities for
            recipients on research policies and potential security risks and
            on policies and activities to protect intellectual property and
            information about critical technologies relevant to national
            security, consistent with the controls relevant to the grant or
            award;
                (4) educating Foundation program managers and other
            directorate staff on evaluating Foundation awards and recipients
            for potential security risks;
                (5) communicating reporting and disclosure requirements to
            recipients and applicants for funding;
                (6) performing risk assessments, in consultation, as
            appropriate, with other Federal agencies, of Foundation
            proposals and awards using analytical tools to assess
            nondisclosures of required information;
                (7) establishing policies and procedures for identifying,
            communicating, and addressing security risks that threaten the
            integrity of Foundation-supported research and development,
            working in consultation, as appropriate, with other Federal
            agencies, to ensure compliance with National Security

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1552]]

            Presidential Memorandum-33 (relating to strengthening
            protections of United States Government-supported research and
            development against foreign government interference and
            exploitation) or a successor policy document; and
                (8) in accordance with relevant policies of the agency,
            conducting or facilitating due diligence with regard to
            applications for research and development awards from the
            Foundation prior to making such awards.
    SEC. 10332. <<NOTE: Appointment. 42 USC 19032.>>  CHIEF OF
                                RESEARCH SECURITY.

         The Director shall appoint a senior agency official within the
    Office of the Director as a Chief of Research Security, whose primary
    responsibility shall be to manage the office established under section
    10331.
    SEC. 10333. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19033.>>  REPORTING TO CONGRESS.

        (a) Report on Resource Needs.--Not later than 180 days after the
    date of the enactment of this Act, the Director shall provide a report
    to the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology of the House of
    Representatives, the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation
    of the Senate, the Committee on Appropriations of the House of
    Representatives, and the Committee on Appropriations of the Senate on
    the resources and the number of full time employees needed to carry out
    the functions of the office established in section 10331.
        (b) Annual Report on Office Activities.--
                (1) In general.--Not later than one year after the date of
            the enactment of this Act and annually thereafter, the Director
            shall submit to Congress a report on the activities carried out
            by the Office of Research Security, detailing--
                        (A) a description of the activities conducted by the
                    Office, including administrative actions taken;
                        (B) <<NOTE: Recommenda- tions.>>  such
                    recommendations as the Director may have for legislative
                    or administrative action relating to improving research
                    security;
                        (C) identification and discussion of the gaps in
                    legal authorities that need to be improved to enhance
                    the security of institutions of higher education
                    performing research supported by the Foundation; and
                        (D) information on Foundation Inspector General
                    cases, as appropriate, relating to undue influence and
                    security threats to research and development activities
                    funded by the Foundation, including theft of property or
                    intellectual property relating to a project funded by
                    the Foundation at an institution of higher education.
                (2) <<NOTE: Classified information.>>  Form.--The report
            submitted under paragraph (1) shall be submitted in both
            unclassified and classified formats, as appropriate.
    SEC. 10334. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19034.>>  ONLINE RESOURCE.

        The Director shall develop an online resource hosted on the
    Foundation's website containing up-to-date information, tailored for
    institutions and individual researchers, including--
                (1) an explanation of Foundation research security policies;
                (2) unclassified guidance on potential security risks that
            threaten research integrity and other risks to the research
            enterprise;

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1553]]

                (3) examples of beneficial international collaborations and
            how such collaborations differ from foreign government
            interference efforts that threaten research integrity;
                (4) best practices for mitigating security risks that
            threaten research integrity; and
                (5) additional reference materials, including tools that
            assist organizations seeking Foundation funding and awardees in
            information disclosure to the Foundation.
    SEC. 10335. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19035.>>  RESEARCH AWARDS.

         The Director shall continue to make awards, on a competitive basis,
    to institutions of higher education or non-profit organizations (or
    consortia of such institutions or organizations) to support research on
    the conduct of research and the research environment, including research
    on research misconduct or breaches of research integrity and detrimental
    research practices.
    SEC. 10336. <<NOTE: Coordination. Assessments. 42 USC 19036.>>
                                AUTHORITIES.

        In addition to existing authorities for preventing waste, fraud,
    abuse, and mismanagement of Federal funds, the Director, acting through
    the Office of Research Security and Policy and in coordination with the
    Foundation's Office of Inspector General, shall have the authority to
    conduct risk assessments, including through the use of open-source
    analysis and analytical tools, of research and development award
    applications and disclosures to the Foundation.
    SEC. 10337. RESPONSIBLE CONDUCT IN RESEARCH TRAINING.

         Section 7009 of the America Creating Opportunities to Meaningfully
    Promote Excellence in Technology, Education, and Science Act (42 U.S.C.
    1862o-1) is amended by--
                (1) striking ``and postdoctoral researchers'' and inserting
            ``postdoctoral researchers, faculty, and other senior
            personnel''; and
                (2) by striking the period and inserting the following: ``,
            including--
                ``(1) mentor training and mentorship;
                ``(2) training to raise awareness of potential research
            security threats; and
                ``(3) Federal export control, disclosure, and reporting
            requirements.''.
    SEC. 10338. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19037.>>  RESEARCH SECURITY AND
                                INTEGRITY INFORMATION SHARING ANALYSIS
                                ORGANIZATION.

        (a) <<NOTE: Contracts.>>  Establishment.--The Director shall enter
    into an agreement with a qualified independent organization to establish
    a research security and integrity information sharing analysis
    organization (referred to in this section as the ``RSI-ISAO''), which
    shall include members described in subsection (d) and carry out the
    duties described in subsection (b).

        (b) Duties.--The RSI-ISAO shall--
                (1) serve as a clearinghouse for information to help enable
            the members and other entities in the research community to
            understand the context of their research and identify improper
            or illegal efforts by foreign entities to obtain research
            results, know how, materials, and intellectual property;
                (2) develop a set of standard risk assessment frameworks and
            best practices, relevant to the research community, to assess
            research security risks in different contexts;

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1554]]

                (3) share information concerning security threats and
            lessons learned from protection and response efforts through
            forums and other forms of communication;
                (4) provide timely reports on research security risks to
            provide situational awareness tailored to the research and STEM
            education community;
                (5) provide training and support, including through
            webinars, for relevant faculty and staff employed by
            institutions of higher education on topics relevant to research
            security risks and response;
                (6) enable standardized information gathering and data
            compilation, storage, and analysis for compiled incident
            reports;
                (7) support analysis of patterns of risk and identification
            of bad actors and enhance the ability of members to prevent and
            respond to research security risks; and
                (8) take other appropriate steps to enhance research
            security.

        (c) Funding.--The Foundation may provide initial funds toward the
    RSI-ISAO but shall seek to have the fees authorized in subsection (d)(2)
    cover the costs of operations at the earliest practicable time.
        (d) Membership.--
                (1) In general.--The RSI-ISAO shall serve and include
            members representing institutions of higher education, nonprofit
            research institutions, and small and medium-sized businesses.
                (2) Fees.--As soon as practicable, members of the RSI-ISAO
            shall be charged an annual rate to enable the RSI-ISAO to cover
            its costs. Rates shall be set on a sliding scale based on
            research and development expenditures to ensure that membership
            is accessible to a diverse community of stakeholders and ensure
            broad participation. The RSI-ISAO shall develop a plan to
            sustain the RSI-ISAO without Federal funding, as practicable.

        (e) Board of Directors.--The RSI-ISAO may establish a board of
    directors to provide guidance for policies, legal issues, and plans and
    strategies of the entity's operations. The board shall include a diverse
    group of stakeholders representing the research community, including
    academia, industry, and experienced research security administrators.
        (f) Stakeholder Engagement.--In establishing the RSI-ISAO under this
    section, the Director shall take necessary steps to ensure the services
    provided are aligned with the needs of the research community, including
    by--
                (1) convening a series of workshops or other multi-
            stakeholder events; or
                (2) <<NOTE: Federal Register, publication. Public
            comments. Time period.>>  publishing a description of the
            services the RSI-ISAO intends to provide and the requirements
            for membership in the Federal Register and provide an
            opportunity for submission of public comments for a period of
            not less than 60 days.
    SEC. 10339. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19038.>>  PLAN WITH RESPECT TO
                                CONTROLLED INFORMATION AND BACKGROUND
                                SCREENING.

        (a) <<NOTE: Deadline. Consultation.>>  In General.--Not later than
    180 days after the enactment of this Act, the Director, in consultation
    with the Director of National Intelligence and, as appropriate, other
    Federal agencies, shall develop a plan to--

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1555]]

                (1) identify research areas supported by the Foundation,
            including in the key technology focus areas, that may involve
            access to controlled unclassified or classified information,
            including in the key technology focus areas; and
                (2) exercise due diligence in granting access, as
            appropriate, to the CUI or classified information identified
            under paragraph (1) to individuals working on such research who
            are employees of the Foundation or covered individuals on
            research and development awards funded by the Foundation.

        (b) Definitions.--In this section:
                (1) Classified information.--The term ``classified
            information'' means any information that has been determined
            pursuant to Executive Order 13526, any predecessor or successor
            order, or sections 1-274, 275-321, and 1001-3115 of the Atomic
            Energy Act of 1954 (42 U.S.C. 2011-2021, 2022-2286i, 2296a-
            2297h-13) to require protection against unauthorized disclosure
            and that is so designated.
                (2) Controlled unclassified information.--The term
            ``controlled unclassified information'' or ``CUI'' means
            information described as ``Controlled Unclassified Information''
            under Executive Order 13556 or any successor order, to require
            protection against unauthorized disclosure and that is so
            designated.
    SEC. 10339A. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19039.>>  FOUNDATION FUNDING TO
                                  INSTITUTIONS HOSTING OR SUPPORTING
                                  CONFUCIUS INSTITUTES.

        (a) Confucius Institute Defined.--In this section the term
    ``Confucius Institute'' means a cultural institute established as a
    partnership between a United States institution of higher education and
    a Chinese institution of higher education to promote and teach Chinese
    language and culture that is funded, directly or indirectly, by the
    Government of the People's Republic of China.
        (b) <<NOTE: Consultation. Determination.>>  Restrictions of
    Confucius Institutes.--Except as provided in subsection (d), none of the
    funds made available to the Foundation under this division or division
    A, or an amendment made by this division or division A, may be obligated
    or expended to an institution of higher education that maintains a
    contract or agreement between the institution and a Confucius Institute,
    unless the Director, after consultation with the National Academies,
    determines such a waiver is appropriate in accordance with subsection
    (c).

        (c) <<NOTE: Consultation.>>  Waiver.--The Director, after
    consultation with the National Academies, may issue a waiver for an
    institution of higher education that maintains a contract or agreement
    between the institution and a Confucius Institute if such contract or
    agreement includes clear provisions that--
                (1) protect academic freedom at the institution;
                (2) prohibit the application of any foreign law on any
            campus of the institution;
                (3) grant full managerial authority of the Confucius
            Institute to the institution, including full control over what
            is being taught, the activities carried out, the research awards
            that are made, and who is employed at the Confucius Institute;
            and
                (4) prohibit co-location with the institution's Chinese
            language, history, and cultural programs and require separate
            promotional materials.

        (d) Special Rule.--

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1556]]

                (1) In general.--Notwithstanding any other provision of this
            section, this section shall not apply to an institution of
            higher education if that institution has fulfilled the
            requirements for a waiver from the Department of Defense as
            described under section 1062 of the National Defense
            Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 (Public Law 116-283).
                (2) Exception.--Notwithstanding any other provision of this
            section, the prohibition under subsection (b) shall not apply to
            amounts provided to students as educational assistance.

        (e) <<NOTE: Applicability. Time period.>>  Effective Date.--The
    limitation under subsection (b) shall apply with respect to the first
    fiscal year that begins after the date that is two years after the date
    of the enactment of this Act and to any subsequent fiscal year subject
    to subsection (f).

        (f) <<NOTE: Time period.>>  Sunset.--This section shall cease to be
    effective on the date that is five years after the date of the enactment
    of this Act.
    SEC. 10339B. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19040.>>  FOREIGN FINANCIAL SUPPORT.

        (a) <<NOTE: Time period. Summary.>>  In General.--The Director shall
    request, on an annual basis, from a recipient institution of higher
    education a disclosure, in the form of a summary document, from the
    institution, a foundation of the institution, and related entities such
    as any educational, cultural, or language entity, of the current
    financial support, the value of which is $50,000 or more, including
    gifts and contracts, received directly or indirectly from a foreign
    source (as such term is defined in section 117 of the Higher Education
    Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1011f(h)(2))) associated with a foreign country
    of concern.

        (b) <<NOTE: Time periods.>>  Records.--Each disclosure to the
    Director under this section shall be made on the condition that the
    institution will maintain a true copy of the relevant records subject to
    the disclosure requirement until the latest of--
                (1) the date that is four years after the date of the
            agreement;
                (2) the date on which the agreement terminates; or
                (3) the last day of any period that applicable State public
            record law requires a true copy of such agreement to be
            maintained.

        (c) <<NOTE: Review.>>  Documentation.--Upon review of the
    disclosures under this section, the Director may request that a
    recipient institution provide true copies of any contracts, agreements,
    or documentation of financial transactions associated with disclosures
    made under this section.

        (d) <<NOTE: Coordination. Consultation. Determinations.>>  Office of
    the Inspector General.--The Director, acting through the Office of
    Research Security and Policy in coordination with the Foundation's
    Office of Inspector General and in consultation with the recipient
    institution, may reduce the award funding amount or suspend or terminate
    the award if the Director determines--
                (1) <<NOTE: Compliance.>>  such institution fails to comply
            with the records retention requirement in subsection (b) or
            fails to provide information requested under this section; or
                (2) the Chief of Research Security determines the
            disclosures under this section indicate a threat to research
            security.
    SEC. 10339C. <<NOTE: Time period.>>  AUTHORIZATION OF
                                  APPROPRIATIONS.

        From any amounts appropriated for the Foundation for each of fiscal
    years 2023 through 2027, the Director shall allocate $6,000,000 to carry
    out the activities under this subtitle.

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1557]]

                        Subtitle E--Fundamental Research

    SEC. 10341. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19051.>>  BROADER IMPACTS.

        (a) <<NOTE: Deadline. Contracts. Recommenda- tions.>>  Assessment.--
    Not later than 120 days after the date of enactment of this Act, the
    Director shall enter into an agreement with a qualified independent
    organization to assess how the Broader Impacts review criterion is
    applied across the Foundation and make recommendations for improving the
    effectiveness for meeting the goals established in section 526 of the
    America Creating Opportunities to Meaningfully Promote Excellence in
    Technology, Education, and Science Reauthorization Act of 2010 (42
    U.S.C. 1862p-14).

        (b) Activities.--The Director shall make awards on a competitive
    basis, to institutions of higher education or non-profit organizations
    (or consortia of such institutions or organizations) to support
    activities to increase the efficiency, effectiveness, and availability
    of resources for implementing the Broader Impacts review criterion,
    including--
                (1) training and workshops for program officers, merit
            review panelists, award office administrators, faculty, and
            students to improve understanding of the goals and the full
            range of potential broader impacts available to researchers to
            satisfy this criterion;
                (2) repositories and clearinghouses for sharing best
            practices and facilitating collaboration; and
                (3) tools for evaluating and documenting societal impacts of
            research.
    SEC. 10342. SENSE OF CONGRESS.

        It is the sense of Congress that the Director should continue to
    identify opportunities to reduce the administrative burden on
    researchers.
    SEC. 10343. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19052.>>  RESEARCH ETHICS.

        (a) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that--
                (1) a number of emerging areas of research have potential
            ethical, social, safety, and security implications that might be
            apparent as early as the basic research stage;
                (2) the incorporation of ethical, social, safety, and
            security considerations into the research design and review
            process for Federal awards, may help mitigate potential harms
            before they happen;
                (3) the Foundation's agreement with the National Academies
            to conduct a study and make recommendations with respect to
            governance of research in emerging technologies is a positive
            step toward accomplishing this goal; and
                (4) the Foundation should continue to work with stakeholders
            to promote best practices for governance of research in emerging
            technologies at every stage of research.

        (b) <<NOTE: Deadline. Revised proposal. Requirement.>>
    Incorporation of Ethics Considerations.--Drawing on stakeholder input,
    not later than 24 months after the date of enactment of this Act, the
    Director shall revise proposal instructions to require that ethical and
    societal considerations are to be included as part of a proposal for
    funding prior to making the award, where such considerations are
    applicable. <<NOTE: Evaluation. Review.>>  Such considerations shall be
    evaluated by the Director in the review of proposals, taking into
    account any relevant input from the peer-reviewers for the proposal, and
    shall factor into award decisions, as deemed necessary by

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1558]]

    the Director. When incorporating such considerations, proposers may
    include, as appropriate--
                (1)(A) any readily foreseeable or quantifiable risks to
            society, including how the research could enable products,
            technologies, or other outcomes that could intentionally or
            unintentionally cause significant societal harm; or
                (B) an assertion that no readily foreseeable potential
            ethical, social, safety, or security implications are apparent;
                (2) how technical or social solutions can mitigate such
            risks and, as appropriate, a plan to implement such mitigation
            measures; and
                (3) how partnerships and collaborations in the research can
            help mitigate potential harm and amplify potential societal
            benefits.

        (c) Guidance.--The Director shall solicit stakeholder input to
    develop clear guidance on what constitutes a readily foreseeable or
    quantifiable risk as described in subsection (b)(1), and to the extent
    practicable harmonize this policy with existing ethical policies or
    related requirements for human subjects.
        (d) Research.--The Director shall make awards, on a competitive
    basis, to institutions of higher education or non-profit organizations
    (or consortia of such institutions or organizations) to support--
                (1) <<NOTE: Assessment.>>  research to assess the potential
            ethical and societal implications of Foundation- supported
            research and products or technologies enabled by such research,
            including the benefits and risks identified pursuant to
            subsection (b)(1); and
                (2) <<NOTE: Verification.>>  the development and
            verification of approaches to proactively mitigate foreseeable
            risks to society, including the technical and social solutions
            identified pursuant to subsection (b)(1).

        (e) Annual Report.--The Director shall encourage recipients to
    update their consideration of potential risks and benefits as
    appropriate as part of the annual reports required by all awardees under
    the award terms and conditions.
    SEC. 10344. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19053.>>  RESEARCH REPRODUCIBILITY AND
                                REPLICABILITY.

        (a) <<NOTE: Public information.>>  In General.--Consistent with
    existing Federal law for privacy, intellectual property, and security,
    the Director shall facilitate public access to research products,
    including data, software, and code, developed as part of Foundation-
    supported projects.

        (b) Data Management Plans.--
                (1) <<NOTE: Requirement.>>  In general.--The Director shall
            require that every proposal for funding for research include a
            machine-readable data management plan that includes a
            description of how the awardee will archive and preserve public
            access to data, software, and code developed as part of the
            proposed project.
                (2) Requirements.--In carrying out the requirement in
            paragraph (1), the Director shall--
                        (A) provide necessary resources, including trainings
                    and workshops, to educate researchers and students on
                    how to develop and review high quality data management
                    plans;
                        (B) ensure program officers and merit review panels
                    are equipped with the resources and training necessary
                    to review the quality of data management plans; and

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1559]]

                        (C) ensure program officers and merit review panels
                    treat data management plans as essential elements of
                    award proposals, where appropriate.

        (c) Open Repositories.--The Director shall--
                (1) <<NOTE: Consultation. Criteria.>>  consult with the
            heads of other Federal research agencies, as appropriate, and
            solicit input from the scientific community, to develop and
            widely disseminate a set of criteria for trusted open
            repositories to be used by Foundation-funded researchers,
            accounting for discipline-specific needs and necessary
            protections for sensitive information;
                (2) work with stakeholders to identify significant gaps in
            available repositories meeting the criteria developed under
            paragraph (1) and options for supporting the development of
            additional or enhanced repositories;
                (3) make awards on a competitive basis to institutions of
            higher education or non-profit organizations (or consortia of
            such institutions or organizations) for the development,
            upgrades, and maintenance of open data repositories that meet
            the criteria developed under paragraph (1);
                (4) work with stakeholders and build on existing models,
            where appropriate, to establish a single, public, web-based
            point of access to help users locate repositories storing data,
            software, and code resulting from or used in Foundation-
            supported projects;
                (5) <<NOTE: Procedures.>>  work with stakeholders to
            establish the necessary policies and procedures and allocate the
            necessary resources to ensure, as practicable, data underlying
            published findings resulting from Foundation-supported projects
            are deposited in repositories meeting the criteria developed
            under paragraph (1) at the time of publication;
                (6) incentivize the deposition of data, software, and code
            into repositories that meet the criteria developed under
            paragraph (1); and
                (7) <<NOTE: Coordination.>>  coordinate with the scientific
            publishing community and the heads of other relevant Federal
            departments and agencies to support the development of voluntary
            consensus standards around data archiving and sharing.

        (d) Research, Development, and Education.--The Director shall make
    awards, on a competitive basis to institutions of higher education or
    non-profit organizations (or consortia of such institutions or
    organizations) to--
                (1) support research and development of open source,
            sustainable, usable tools and infrastructure that support
            reproducibility for a broad range of studies across different
            disciplines;
                (2) support research on computational reproducibility,
            including the limits of reproducibility and the consistency of
            computational results in the development of new computation
            hardware, tools, and methods; and
                (3) support the education and training of students, faculty,
            and researchers on computational methods, tools, and techniques
            to improve the quality and sharing of data, code, and supporting
            metadata to produce reproducible research.

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1560]]

    SEC. 10345. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19054.>>  CLIMATE CHANGE RESEARCH.

        The Director shall make awards, on a competitive basis, to
    institutions of higher education or non-profit organizations (or
    consortia of such institutions or organizations) to support research to
    improve our understanding of the climate system and related human and
    environmental systems.
    SEC. 10346. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19055.>>  SOCIAL, BEHAVIORAL, AND
                                ECONOMIC SCIENCES.

        The Director shall--
                (1) actively communicate opportunities and solicit proposals
            for social, behavioral, and economic science researchers to
            participate in cross-cutting and interdisciplinary programs,
            including the Convergence Accelerator and agency priority
            activities, and the Mid-Scale Research Infrastructure program;
            and
                (2) ensure social, behavioral, and economic science
            researchers are represented on relevant merit review panels for
            such activities.
    SEC. 10347. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19056.>>  MEASURING IMPACTS OF
                                FEDERALLY FUNDED RESEARCH AND
                                DEVELOPMENT.

        The Director shall make awards on a competitive, merit-reviewed
    basis to institutions of higher education or non-profit organizations
    (or consortia of such institutions or organizations) to support research
    and development of data, models, indicators, and associated analytical
    tools to improve our understanding of the impacts of Federally funded
    research on society, the economy, and the workforce, including domestic
    job creation.
    SEC. 10348. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19057.>>  FOOD-ENERGY-WATER RESEARCH.

        The Director shall make awards on a competitive basis to
    institutions of higher education or non-profit organizations (or
    consortia of such institutions or organizations) to--
                (1) support research to significantly advance our
            understanding of the food-energy-water system through
            quantitative and computational modeling, including support for
            relevant cyberinfrastructure;
                (2) develop real-time, cyber-enabled interfaces that improve
            understanding of the behavior of food-energy-water systems and
            increase decision support capability;
                (3) support research that will lead to innovative solutions
            to critical food-energy-water system problems; and
                (4) grow the scientific workforce capable of studying and
            managing the food-energy-water system, through education and
            other professional development.
    SEC. 10349. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19058.>>  BIOLOGICAL FIELD STATIONS AND
                                MARINE LABORATORIES.

        The Director shall continue to support enhancing, repairing and
    maintaining research instrumentation, laboratories, telecommunications
    and housing at biological field stations and marine laboratories.
    SEC. 10350. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19059.>>  SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY
                                RESEARCH AND EDUCATION.

        In accordance with section 263 of the National Defense Authorization
    Act for Fiscal Year 2021, the Director shall carry out activities in
    support of sustainable chemistry, including--

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1561]]

                (1) establishing a program to make awards, on a competitive
            basis, to institutions of higher education or non-profit
            organizations (or consortia of such institutions or
            organizations) to support--
                        (A) individual investigators and teams of
                    investigators, including to the extent practicable,
                    early career investigators for research and development;
                        (B) collaborative research and development
                    partnerships among universities, industry, and non-
                    profit organizations;
                        (C) integrating sustainable chemistry principles
                    into elementary, secondary, undergraduate, and graduate
                    chemistry and chemical engineering curriculum and
                    research training, as appropriate to that level of
                    education and training; and
                (2) incorporating sustainable chemistry into existing
            Foundation research and development programs.
    SEC. 10351. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19060.>>  RISK AND RESILIENCE RESEARCH.

        The Director shall make awards on a competitive basis to
    institutions of higher education or non-profit organizations (or
    consortia of such institutions or organizations) to advance knowledge of
    risk assessment and predictability and to support the creation of tools
    and technologies, including advancing data analytics and utilization of
    artificial intelligence, for increased resilience through--
                (1) improvements in our ability to understand, model, and
            predict extreme events and natural hazards;
                (2) the creation of novel engineered systems solutions for
            resilient complex infrastructures, particularly those that
            address critical interdependence among infrastructures and
            leverage the growing infusion of cyber-physical-social
            components into the infrastructures;
                (3) development of equipment and instrumentation for
            innovation in resilient engineered infrastructures;
                (4) multidisciplinary research on the behaviors individuals
            and communities engage in to detect, perceive, understand,
            predict, assess, mitigate, and prevent risks and to improve and
            increase resilience; and
                (5) advancements in multidisciplinary wildfire science,
            including those related to air quality impacts, human behavior,
            and early detection and warning.
    SEC. 10352. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19061.>>  UNMANNED AIRCRAFT SYSTEMS
                                TECHNOLOGIES.

        In coordination with the Administrator of the Federal Aviation
    Administration and the Administrator of the National Aeronautics and
    Space Administration, the Director shall carry out a program of research
    and related activities related to unmanned aircraft system technologies,
    which may include a prize competition pursuant to section 24 of the
    Stevenson-Wydler Technology Innovation Act of 1980 (15 U.S.C. 3719) and
    support for undergraduate and graduate curriculum development.
    SEC. 10353. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19062.>>  ACCELERATING UNMANNED
                                MARITIME SYSTEMS TECHNOLOGIES.

        (a) <<NOTE: Consultation.>>  In General.--In order to support
    advances in marine science, maritime domain awareness, and national
    security the Director, in consultation with the Under Secretary of
    Commerce

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1562]]

    for Oceans and Atmosphere and the Commandant of the Coast Guard, shall
    issue awards, on a competitive basis, to institutions of higher
    education or nonprofit organizations (or consortia of such institutions
    or organizations) to support research that will accelerate innovation to
    advance unmanned maritime systems for the purpose of providing greater
    maritime domain awareness to the Nation.

        (b) Coordination.--In implementing this section, the Director shall
    coordinate with the Coast Guard, the Department of Defense, the National
    Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, and other Federal agencies,
    including those established under the Commercial Engagement Through
    Ocean Technology Act of 2018 (Public Law 115-394).
    SEC. 10354. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19063.>>  LEVERAGING INTERNATIONAL
                                EXPERTISE IN RESEARCH.

        The Director shall explore and advance opportunities for leveraging
    international capabilities and resources that align with the Foundation
    and United States research community priorities and have the potential
    to benefit United States prosperity, security, health, and well-being,
    including through binational research and development organizations and
    foundations and by sending teams of Foundation scientific staff for site
    visits of scientific facilities and agencies in other countries. The
    Director shall establish and implement policies, including through any
    research security training requirements, to mitigate the potential risks
    of such interactions, including risks to the protection of intellectual
    property and the risk of undue foreign influence on research.
    SEC. 10355. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19064.>>  BIOLOGICAL RESEARCH
                                COLLECTIONS.

        (a) In General.--The Director shall continue to support databases,
    tools, methods, and other activities that secure and improve existing
    physical and digital biological research collections, improve the
    accessibility of collections and collection-related data for research
    and educational purposes, develop capacity for curation and collection
    management, and to transfer ownership of collections that are
    significant to the biological research community, including to museums
    and universities.
        (b) <<NOTE: Consultation. Determination. Requirement.>>  Specimen
    Management Plan.--In consultation with other relevant Federal research
    agencies, and as the Director determines is appropriate, the Director
    shall require that proposals submitted to the Foundation for funding for
    research that involves collecting or generating specimens include, as
    part of the data management plan under section 10344, a description of
    how the specimens and associated data will be accessioned into and
    maintained in an established biological collection.

        (c) <<NOTE: Coordination. Establishment.>>  Action Center for
    Biological Collections.--In coordination with other relevant Federal
    research agencies, as appropriate, the Director shall make awards on a
    competitive basis to institutions of higher education or non-profit
    organizations (or consortia of such institutions or organizations) to
    facilitate coordination and data sharing among communities of practice
    for research, education, workforce training, evaluation, and business
    model development, including by establishing an Action Center for
    Biological Collections.

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1563]]

    SEC. 10356. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19065.>>  CLEAN WATER RESEARCH AND
                                TECHNOLOGY ACCELERATION.

        The Director shall make awards on a competitive, merit-reviewed
    basis to institutions of higher education or non-profit organizations
    (or consortia of such institutions or organizations) to--
                (1) support transdisciplinary research to significantly
            advance our understanding of water availability, quality, and
            dynamics and the impact of human activity and a changing climate
            on urban and rural water and wastewater systems, including in
            low-income, underserved, and disadvantaged communities;
                (2) develop, pilot, and deploy innovative technologies,
            systems, and other approaches to identifying and addressing
            challenges that affect water availability, quality, and
            security, including through direct engagement with affected
            communities and partnerships with the private sector, State,
            territorial, Tribal, and local governments, non-profit
            organizations and water management professionals; and
                (3) grow the scientific workforce capable of studying and
            managing water and wastewater systems and of conducting
            wastewater surveillance, through education, training, and other
            professional development.
    SEC. 10357. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19066.>>  TECHNOLOGY AND BEHAVIORAL
                                SCIENCE RESEARCH.

        (a) In General.--The Director shall make awards on a merit-reviewed,
    competitive basis for research and development to--
                (1) increase understanding of social media and consumer
            technology access and use patterns and related mental health,
            behavioral, and substance use disorder issues, particularly for
            children and adolescents; and
                (2) explore the role of social media and consumer technology
            in rising rates of mental health and substance use disorder
            issues, including within communities experiencing long-term
            economic distress.

        (b) <<NOTE: Consultation.>>  Coordination to Avoid Duplication.--In
    making awards under this subsection, the Director shall, for purposes of
    avoiding duplication of activities and research, consult, collaborate,
    and coordinate with the heads of other relevant Federal departments and
    agencies, including the Department of Health and Human Services.
    SEC. 10358. MANUFACTURING RESEARCH AMENDMENT.

        Section 506(a) of the America COMPETES Reauthorization Act of 2010
    (42 U.S.C. 1862p-1(a)) is amended--
                (1) in paragraph (5), by striking ``and'' at the end;
                (2) in paragraph (6)--
                        (A) by striking ``and'' before ``virtual
                    manufacturing''; and
                        (B) by striking the period at the end and inserting
                    ``; and artificial intelligence and machine learning;
                    and''; and
                (3) by adding at the end the following:
                ``(7) additive manufacturing, including new material
            designs, complex materials, rapid printing techniques, and real-
            time process controls.''.

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1564]]

    SEC. 10359. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19067.>>  CRITICAL MINERALS MINING
                                RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT.

        (a) Critical Minerals Mining Research and Development at the
    Foundation.--
                (1) In general.--In order to support supply chain
            resiliency, the Director shall make awards, on a competitive
            basis, to institutions of higher education or nonprofit
            organizations (or consortia of such institutions or
            organizations) to support basic research that will accelerate
            innovation to advance critical minerals mining strategies and
            technologies for the purpose of making better use of domestic
            resources and eliminating national reliance on minerals and
            mineral materials that are subject to supply disruptions.
                (2) Use of funds.--Activities funded by an award under this
            section may include--
                        (A) advancing mining research and development
                    activities to develop new mapping and mining
                    technologies and techniques, including advanced critical
                    mineral extraction and production, separation, alloying,
                    or processing techniques and technologies that can
                    decrease energy intensity to improve existing or to
                    develop new supply chains of critical minerals, and to
                    yield more efficient, economical, and environmentally
                    benign mining practices;
                        (B) advancing critical mineral processing research
                    activities to improve separation, alloying,
                    manufacturing, or recycling techniques and technologies
                    that can decrease the energy intensity, waste, potential
                    environmental impact, and costs of those activities;
                        (C) conducting long-term earth observation of
                    reclaimed mine sites, including the study of the
                    evolution of microbial diversity at such sites;
                        (D) examining the application of artificial
                    intelligence for geological exploration of critical
                    minerals, including what size and diversity of data sets
                    would be required;
                        (E) examining the application of machine learning
                    for detection and sorting of critical minerals,
                    including what size and diversity of data sets would be
                    required;
                        (F) conducting detailed isotope studies of critical
                    minerals and the development of more refined geologic
                    models;
                        (G) improved understanding of the geological and
                    geochemical processes through which critical minerals
                    form and are concentrated into economically viable
                    deposits; or
                        (H) providing training and research opportunities to
                    undergraduate and graduate students to prepare the next
                    generation of mining engineers and researchers.
                (3) Existing programs.--The Director shall ensure awards
            made under this subsection are complementary and not duplicative
            of existing programs across the Foundation and Federal
            Government.

        (b) Critical Materials Interagency Subcommittee.--
                (1) <<NOTE: Coordination.>>  In general.--The Critical
            Minerals Subcommittee of the National Science and Technology
            Council (referred to in this section as the ``Subcommittee''),
            shall coordinate Federal science and technology efforts to
            ensure secure, reliable, and environmentally sustainable
            supplies of critical materials to the United States.

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1565]]

                (2) Purposes.--The purposes of the Subcommittee shall be--
                        (A) to advise and assist the National Science and
                    Technology Council, including the Committee on Homeland
                    and National Security, on United States policies,
                    procedures, and plans as it relates to critical
                    materials, including--
                              (i) Federal research, development, and
                          commercial application efforts to minimize the
                          environmental impacts of methods for extractions,
                          concentration, separation and purification of
                          conventional, secondary, and unconventional
                          sources of critical materials;
                              (ii) efficient use, substitution, and reuse of
                          critical materials;
                              (iii) the critical materials workforce of the
                          United States; and
                              (iv) United States private industry
                          investments in innovation and technology transfer
                          from federally funded science and technology;
                        (B) to identify emerging opportunities, stimulate
                    international cooperation, and foster the development of
                    secure and reliable supply chains of critical materials
                    and establish scenario modeling systems for supply
                    problems of critical materials and energy critical
                    materials;
                        (C) to ensure the transparency of information and
                    data related to critical materials; and
                        (D) to provide recommendations on coordination and
                    collaboration among the research, development, and
                    deployment programs and activities of Federal agencies
                    to promote a secure and reliable supply of critical
                    materials necessary to maintain national security,
                    economic well-being, public health, and industrial
                    production.
                (3) Responsibilities.--In carrying out this subsection, the
            Subcommittee may, taking into account the findings and
            recommendations of relevant advisory committees--
                        (A) provide recommendations on how Federal agencies
                    may improve the topographic, geologic, and geophysical
                    mapping of the United States and improve the
                    discoverability, accessibility, and usability of the
                    resulting and existing data, to the extent permitted by
                    law and subject to appropriate limitation for purposes
                    of privacy and security;
                        (B) assess the progress towards developing critical
                    materials recycling and reprocessing technologies, and
                    technological alternatives to critical materials;
                        (C) establish a mechanism for the coordination and
                    evaluation of Federal programs with critical material
                    needs, including Federal programs involving research and
                    development, in a manner that complements related
                    efforts carried out by the private sector and other
                    domestic and international agencies and organizations;
                        (D) examine options for accessing and developing
                    critical materials through investment and trade with our
                    allies and partners and provide recommendations;
                        (E) evaluate and provide recommendations to
                    incentivize the development and use of advances in
                    science and technology in the private industry;

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1566]]

                        (F) assess the need for and make recommendations to
                    address the challenges the United States critical
                    materials supply chain workforce faces, including aging
                    and retiring personnel and faculty, and foreign
                    competition for United States talent;
                        (G) develop, and update as necessary, a strategic
                    plan to guide Federal programs and activities to enhance
                    scientific and technical capabilities across critical
                    material supply chains, including a roadmap that
                    identifies key research and development needs and
                    coordinates on-going activities for source
                    diversification, more efficient use, recycling, and
                    substitution for critical materials; as well as cross-
                    cutting mining science, data science techniques,
                    materials science, manufacturing science and
                    engineering, computational modeling, and environmental
                    health and safety research and development;
                        (H) assess the need for, and make recommendations
                    concerning, the availability and adequacy of the supply
                    of technically trained personnel necessary for critical
                    materials research, development, extraction, and
                    industrial production, with a particular focus on the
                    problem of attracting and maintaining high-quality
                    professionals for maintaining an adequate supply of
                    energy critical materials; and
                        (I) report to the appropriate Congressional
                    committees on activities and findings under this
                    section.

        (c) Definitions of Critical Mineral and Critical Mineral or Metal.--
    In this section, the terms ``critical mineral'' and ``critical mineral
    or metal'' include any host mineral of a critical mineral (within the
    meaning of those terms in section 7002 of title VII of division Z of the
    Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2021 (Public Law 116-260)).
    SEC. 10360. STUDY OF AI RESEARCH CAPACITY.

        (a) <<NOTE: Determination.>>  In General.--The Director shall
    conduct a study or support the development of a study by a qualified
    independent organization as determined by the Director, on artificial
    intelligence research capacity at United States institutions of higher
    education.

        (b) Study Contents.--The Director shall ensure that, at a minimum,
    the study under subsection (a) addresses the following topics:
                (1) Which universities are putting out significant peer-
            reviewed artificial intelligence research, including based on
            quantity and number of citations.
                (2) For each of the universities described in paragraph (1),
            what specific factors enable their AI research, including
            computing power, data set availability, specialized curriculum,
            faculty and graduate students, sources of Federal and non-
            Federal research funding, and industry and other partnerships.
                (3) Promising practices at universities described in
            paragraph (1) for advancing diversity, equity, and inclusion in
            AI research programs.
                (4) Geographic diversity across the country of universities
            with the factors identified in paragraph (2).
                (5) How universities not included in paragraph (1) could
            implement the factors in paragraph (2) to produce AI research,
            as well as case studies that universities can look to as
            examples

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1567]]

            and potential pilot programs that the Federal Government could
            develop or support to help universities produce AI research.

        (c) Workshops.--The Director may support workshops to help inform
    the study required under this subsection.
        (d) <<NOTE: Public information. Deadline.>>  Publication.--The
    Director shall ensure that the study carried out under this subsection
    is made publicly available not later than 12 months after the date of
    enactment of this Act.

        (e) Avoid Duplication.--The Director shall ensure that the
    activities carried out under this section are not duplicative of
    activities supported by other parts of the Foundation or other relevant
    Federal agencies, including but not limited to the activities of the
    National AI Research Resource Task Force.
    SEC. 10361. <<NOTE: Advancing IoT for Precision Agriculture Act of
                                2021. Research and development. 42 USC
                                19068.>>  ADVANCING IOT FOR PRECISION
                                AGRICULTURE CAPABILITIES ACT.

        (a) Short Title.--This section may be cited as the ``Advancing IoT
    for Precision Agriculture Act of 2021''.
        (b) Purpose.--It is the purpose of this section to promote
    scientific research and development opportunities for connected
    technologies that advance precision agriculture capabilities.
        (c) Foundation Directive on Agricultural Sensor Research.--In making
    awards under the sensor systems and networked systems programs of the
    Foundation, the Director shall include in consideration of portfolio
    balance research and development on sensor connectivity in environments
    of intermittent connectivity and intermittent computation--
                (1) to improve the reliable use of advance sensing systems
            in rural and agricultural areas; and
                (2) that considers--
                        (A) direct gateway access for locally stored data;
                        (B) attenuation of signal transmission;
                        (C) loss of signal transmission; and
                        (D) at-scale performance for wireless power.

        (d) Updating Considerations for Precision Agriculture Technology
    Within the NSF Advanced Technical Education Program.--Section 3 of the
    Scientific and Advanced-Technology Act of 1992 (42 U.S.C. 1862i), as
    amended by section 10312, is further amended--
                (1) in subsection (d)(2), by adding at the end the
            following:
                        ``(G) applications that incorporate distance
                    learning tools and approaches.''; and
                (2) in subsection (e)(3)--
                        (A) in subparagraph (C), by striking ``and'' after
                    the semicolon;
                        (B) in subparagraph (D), by striking the period at
                    the end and inserting ``; and''; and
                        (C) by adding at the end the following:
                        ``(E) applications that incorporate distance
                    learning tools and approaches.''.

        (e) <<NOTE: Deadline.>>  GAO Review.--Not later than 18 months after
    the date of enactment of this section, the Comptroller General of the
    United States shall provide--
                (1) <<NOTE: Assessment.>>  a technology assessment of
            precision agriculture technologies, such as the existing use
            of--
                        (A) sensors, scanners, radio-frequency
                    identification, and related technologies that can
                    monitor soil properties, irrigation conditions, and
                    plant physiology;

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1568]]

                        (B) sensors, scanners, radio-frequency
                    identification, and related technologies that can
                    monitor livestock activity and health;
                        (C) network connectivity and wireless communications
                    that can securely support digital agriculture
                    technologies in rural and remote areas;
                        (D) aerial imagery generated by satellites or
                    unmanned aerial vehicles;
                        (E) ground-based robotics;
                        (F) control systems design and connectivity, such as
                    smart irrigation control systems;
                        (G) Global Positioning System-based applications;
                    and
                        (H) data management software and advanced analytics
                    that can assist decision making and improve agricultural
                    outcomes; and
                (2) a review of Federal programs that provide support for
            precision agriculture research, development, adoption,
            education, or training, in existence on the date of enactment of
            this section.
    SEC. 10362. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19069.>>  ASTRONOMY AND SATELLITE
                                CONSTELLATIONS.

        The Director shall support research into and the design,
    development, and testing of mitigation measures to address the potential
    impact of satellite constellations on Foundation scientific programs
    by--
                (1) making awards on a competitive basis to support study of
            the potential impacts of satellite constellations on ground-
            based optical, infrared, and radio astronomy, including through
            existing programs such Spectrum and Wireless Innovation enabled
            by Future Technologies (SWIFT) and the Spectrum Innovation
            Initiative;
                (2) supporting research on potential satellite impacts and
            benefits and mitigation strategies to be carried out at one or
            more Foundation supported Federally Funded Research and
            Development Centers or major multiuser research facilities as
            defined in section 110(g) of the American Innovation and
            Competitiveness Act (42 U.S.C. 1862s-2(g)), as appropriate; and
                (3) supporting workshops related to the potential impact of
            satellite constellations on scientific research and how those
            constellations could be used to improve scientific research.
    SEC. 10363. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19070.>>  RESEARCH ON THE IMPACT OF
                                INFLATION.

        (a) In General.--The Director may make awards, on a competitive
    merit-reviewed basis, to institutions of higher education or nonprofit
    organizations (or consortia of such institutions or organizations) to
    support research to improve our understanding of the impact of
    inflation.
        (b) Use of Funds.--Activities funded by an award under this section
    may include--
                (1) measuring the economic impact of inflation on the
            American people, including an analysis of cost-of-living and
            wage impacts;
                (2) considering the impact of inflation on American
            international competitiveness;
                (3) evaluating the impact of inflation on rural and
            underserved communities throughout the country;

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1569]]

                (4) assessing the ways inflation could impact future
            American generations; and
                (5) evaluating the impact of policymaking on inflation,
            including the impact of further Government spending.

        (c) Coordination to Avoid Duplication.--In making awards under this
    section, the Director shall, for purposes of avoiding duplication of
    activities and research, consult, collaborate, and coordinate with the
    programs and policies of other relevant Federal agencies.
    SEC. 10364. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19071.>>  MICROGRAVITY UTILIZATION
                                POLICY.

        (a) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that space
    technology and the utilization of the microgravity environment for
    science, engineering, and technology development is critical to long-
    term competitiveness with near-peer competitors, including China.
        (b) Policy.--To the extent appropriate during an award period, the
    Foundation shall facilitate access by recipients of Foundation awards to
    the microgravity environment, including in private sector platforms, for
    the development of science, engineering, and technology relevant to the
    award.
        (c) Report.--Not later than 180 days after the date of enactment of
    this Act, the Director shall provide to the appropriate committees of
    Congress a report on the Foundation's plan for facilitating awardee
    access to the microgravity environment.
    SEC. 10365. RECOGNITION OF THE ARECIBO OBSERVATORY.

        (a) Findings.--Congress finds the following:
                (1) The Department of Defense began developing the Arecibo
            Observatory located in Barrio Esperanza, Arecibo, Puerto Rico,
            during the 1950s, and its characteristic instrument, a large
            radio telescope of 305 meters in diameter was completed in 1963.
                (2) The facility was later owned by the National Science
            Foundation, and supported by the National Aeronautics and Space
            Administration and various university partners.
                (3) The Arecibo Observatory's 305-meter fixed spherical
            radio telescope, was the world's largest single-dish radio
            telescope until the Five-Hundred-Meter Aperture Spherical Radio
            Telescope located in Gizhou, China, began observing in 2016.
                (4) The 305-meter radio telescope made unparalleled
            contributions to the fields of radio astronomy, planetary, and
            atmospheric sciences, and played a role in inspiring thousands
            of students in Puerto Rico, the Nation, and the world to pursue
            careers in STEM fields through the Arecibo Observatory Education
            and Public Outreach Programs.
                (5) The radio telescope significantly advanced the field of
            radio astronomy, including the first indirect detection of
            gravitational waves, the first detection of extrasolar planets,
            innumerable contributions to the field of time domain astronomy
            and the study of the interstellar medium, and played a key role
            in the search for extraterrestrial intelligence.
                (6) The Arecibo Observatory had the best planetary radar
            system in the world, used by the National Aeronautics and Space
            Administration for near-Earth object detection and was an
            essential part of the agency's planetary defense program.

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1570]]

                (7) The planetary radar at the Arecibo Observatory has
            contributed fundamentally and significantly to the knowledge of
            the solar system.
                (8) The Arecibo Observatory's Incoherent Scatter Radar and
            supporting facilities have provided fundamental understanding of
            the ionosphere and upper atmosphere, and the interface between
            the atmosphere and space that protects the planet from solar
            wind, meteors, and other potential threats.
                (9) December 1, 2021, marks the 1-year anniversary of the
            uncontrolled collapse sustained by the radio telescope after a
            series of cable failures in tower 4.

        (b) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that the
    Congress--
                (1) acknowledges the loss of the Arecibo Observatory's radio
            telescope due to its collapse and its implications for the loss
            of a unique world-class multidisciplinary science facility which
            conducted research in the areas of space and atmospheric
            sciences, radar astronomy and planetary sciences, astronomy, and
            astrophysics;
                (2) acknowledges that the uncontrolled collapse of the 305-
            meter radio telescope represents a loss of astronomical
            observation capabilities, scientific research and development,
            planetary defense capabilities, and applied science capabilities
            for the United States;
                (3) recognizes the rich scientific, educational, and
            economic benefits that the Arecibo Telescope has made to the
            people of Puerto Rico, the Nation, and the world;
                (4) recognizes the work and contributions made by the
            thousands of dedicated staff who have supported the Arecibo
            Observatory for close to 6 decades;
                (5) commends the National Science Foundation for convening a
            virtual workshop in June 2021, to explore ideas for future
            scientific and educational activities at the Arecibo
            Observatory; and
                (6) encourages the National Science Foundation, in
            consultation with other Federal agencies, to explore
            opportunities for strengthening and expanding the role of the
            Arecibo Observatory in Puerto Rico through education, outreach,
            and diversity programs, and future research capabilities and
            technology at the site.

                       Subtitle F--Research Infrastructure

    SEC. 10371. <<NOTE: Time period. 42 USC 19081.>>  FACILITY
                                OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE.

        (a) <<NOTE: Extension.>>  In General.--The Director shall continue
    the Facility Operation Transition pilot program for a total of 5 years.

        (b) Cost Sharing.--The Facility Operation Transition program shall
    provide funding for 10 to 50 percent of the operations and maintenance
    costs for major research facilities that are within the first five years
    of operation, where the share is determined based on--
                (1) the operations and maintenance costs of the major
            research facility; and
                (2) the capacity of the managing directorate or division to
            absorb such costs.

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1571]]

        (c) Report.--After the fifth year of the pilot program, the Director
    shall transmit a report to Congress that includes--
                (1) <<NOTE: Assessment.>>  an assessment, that includes
            feedback from the research community, of the effectiveness of
            the pilot program for--
                        (A) supporting research directorates and divisions
                    in balancing investments in research grants and funding
                    for the initial operation and maintenance of major
                    facilities;
                        (B) incentivizing the development of new world-class
                    facilities;
                        (C) facilitating interagency and international
                    partnerships;
                        (D) funding core elements of multi-disciplinary
                    facilities; and
                        (E) supporting facility divestment costs; and
                (2) if deemed effective, a plan for permanent implementation
            of the pilot program.
    SEC. 10372. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19082.>>  REVIEWS.

        The Director shall periodically carry out reviews within each of the
    directorates and divisions to assess the cost and benefits of extending
    the operations of research facilities that have exceeded their planned
    operational lifespan.
    SEC. 10373. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19083.>>  HELIUM CONSERVATION.

        (a) Major Research Instrumentation Support.--
                (1) In general.--The Director shall support, through the
            Major Research Instrumentation program, proposal requests that
            include the purchase, installation, operation, and maintenance
            of equipment and instrumentation to reduce consumption of
            helium.
                (2) <<NOTE: Waiver authority.>>  Cost sharing.--The Director
            may waive the cost-sharing requirement for helium conservation
            measures for non-Ph.D.-granting institutions of higher education
            and Ph.D.-granting institutions of higher education that are not
            ranked among the top 100 institutions receiving Federal research
            and development funding, as documented by the National Center
            for Science and Engineering Statistics.

        (b) <<NOTE: Time period.>>  Annual Report.--No later than 1 year
    after the date of enactment of this Act and annually for the subsequent
    two years, the Director shall submit an annual report to Congress on the
    use of funding awarded by the Foundation for the purchase and
    conservation of helium. The report should include--
                (1) the volume and price of helium purchased;
                (2) changes in pricing and availability of helium; and
                (3) any supply disruptions impacting a substantial number of
            institutions.
    SEC. 10374. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19084.>>  ADVANCED COMPUTING.

        (a) <<NOTE: Requirement.>>  Computing Needs.--To gather information
    about the computational needs of Foundation-funded projects, the
    Director shall require award proposals submitted to the Foundation, as
    appropriate, to include estimates of computational resource needs for
    projects that require use of advanced computing. The Director shall
    encourage and provide access to tools that facilitate the inclusion of
    these measures, including those identified in the 2016 National
    Academies report entitled ``Future Directions for NSF Advanced Computing
    Infrastructure to Support U.S. Science and Engineering in 2017-2020''.

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1572]]

        (b) <<NOTE: Records. Publication. Time period.>>  Reports.--The
    Director shall document and publish every two years a summary of the
    amount and types of advanced computing capabilities that are needed to
    fully meet the Foundation's project needs as identified under subsection
    (a).

        (c) <<NOTE: Publication. Update. Time period.>>  Roadmap.--To set
    priorities and guide strategic decisions regarding investments in
    advanced computing capabilities, the Director shall develop, publish,
    and regularly update a 5-year advanced computing roadmap that--
                (1) describes the advanced computing resources and
            capabilities that would fully meet anticipated project needs,
            including through investments in the Mid-Scale Research
            Infrastructure program and the Major Research Equipment and
            Facilities Construction account;
                (2) draws on community input, information contained in
            research proposals, allocation requests, insights from
            Foundation-funded cyber-infrastructure operators, and
            Foundation-wide information gathering regarding community needs;
                (3) considers computational needs of planned major
            facilities;
                (4) reflects anticipated technology trends;
                (5) informs users and potential partners about future
            facilities and services;
                (6) addresses the needs of groups historically
            underrepresented in STEM and geographic regions with low
            availability and high demand for advanced computing resources;
                (7) considers how Foundation-supported advanced computing
            capabilities can be leveraged for activities through the
            Directorate for Technology, Innovation, and Partnerships; and
                (8) <<NOTE: Update.>>  provides an update to Congress about
            the level of funding necessary to fully meet computational
            resource needs for the research community.

        (d) Securing American Research From Cyber Theft.--
                (1) Networking and information technology research and
            development update.--Section 101(a)(1) of the High-Performance
            Computing Act of 1991 (15 U.S.C. 5511) is amended--
                        (A) by moving the margins of subparagraph (D) and
                    each of subparagraphs (J) through (O) two ems to the
                    left;
                        (B) by redesignating subparagraphs (J) through (O)
                    as subparagraphs (K) through (P), respectively; and
                        (C) by inserting after subparagraph (I) the
                    following:
                        ``(J) provide for improving the security,
                    reliability, and resiliency of computing and networking
                    systems used by institutions of higher education and
                    other nonprofit research institutions for the
                    processing, storage and transmission of sensitive
                    federally funded research and associated data;''.
                (2) Computing enclave pilot program.--
                        (A) <<NOTE: Consultation.>>  In general.--The
                    Director, in consultation with the Director of the
                    National Institute of Standards and Technology and the
                    Secretary of Energy, and the heads of other relevant
                    Federal departments and agencies, shall establish a
                    pilot program to make awards to ensure the security of
                    federally supported research data and to assist regional
                    institutions of higher education and their researchers
                    in compliance with regulations regarding the

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1573]]

                    safeguarding of sensitive information and other relevant
                    regulations and Federal guidelines.
                        (B) Structure.--In carrying out the pilot program
                    established pursuant to subparagraph (A), the Director
                    shall select, for the development, installation,
                    maintenance, or sustainment of secure computing
                    enclaves, three institutions of higher education that
                    have an established graduate student program and a
                    demonstrated history of working with secure information,
                    consistent with appropriate security protocols.
                        (C) Regionalization.--
                              (i) In general.--In selecting universities
                          pursuant to subparagraph (B), the Director shall
                          give preference to institutions of higher
                          education with the capability of serving other
                          regional universities.
                              (ii) Geographic dispersal.--The enclaves
                          should be geographically dispersed to better meet
                          the needs of regional interests.
                        (D) Program elements.--The Director shall work with
                    institutions of higher education selected pursuant to
                    subparagraph (B) to--
                              (i) <<NOTE: Blueprint.>>  develop an approved
                          design blueprint for compliance with Federal data
                          protection protocols;
                              (ii) <<NOTE: Confidential list.>>  develop a
                          comprehensive and confidential list, or a bill of
                          materials, of each binary component of the
                          software, firmware, or product that is required to
                          deploy additional secure computing enclaves;
                              (iii) develop templates for all policies and
                          procedures required to operate the secure
                          computing enclave in a research setting;
                              (iv) develop a system security plan template;
                          and
                              (v) develop a process for managing a plan of
                          action and milestones for the secure computing
                          enclave.
                        (E) <<NOTE: Review.>>  Sustainability.--In reviewing
                    applications for awards, the Director shall review and
                    consider plans and prospects of the applicant
                    institution of higher education to ensure long-term
                    sustainability of the computing enclave, beyond the
                    availability of Federal funds.
                        (F) Duration.--Subject to other availability of
                    appropriations, the pilot program established pursuant
                    to subparagraph (A) shall operate for not less than 3
                    years.
                        (G) Report.--
                              (i) In general.--The Director shall report to
                          Congress not later than 6 months after the
                          completion of the pilot program under subparagraph
                          (A).
                              (ii) Contents.--The report required under
                          clause (i) shall include--
                                        (I) <<NOTE: Assessment.>>  an
                                    assessment of the pilot program under
                                    subparagraph (A), including an
                                    assessment of the security benefits
                                    provided by such secure computing
                                    enclaves;
                                        (II) <<NOTE: Recommenda- tions.>>
                                    recommendations related to the value of
                                    expanding the network of secure
                                    computing enclaves; and
                                        (III) <<NOTE: Recommenda- tions.>>
                                    recommendations on the efficacy of the
                                    use of secure computing enclaves by
                                    other Federal

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1574]]

                                    agencies in a broader effort to expand
                                    security of Federal research.
                        (H) <<NOTE: Time period.>>  Authorization of
                    appropriations.--There is authorized to be appropriated
                    to the Director, $38,000,000 for fiscal years 2023
                    through 2025, to carry out the activities outlined in
                    this paragraph.
    SEC. 10375. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19085.>>  NATIONAL SECURE DATA SERVICE.

        (a) <<NOTE: Consultation.>>  In General.--The Director, in
    consultation with the Director of the Office of Management and Budget
    and the interagency committee established under section 5103 of the
    National Artificial Intelligence Initiative Act of 2020 (15 U.S.C.
    9415), shall establish a demonstration project to develop, refine, and
    test models to inform the full implementation of the Commission on
    Evidence-Based Policymaking recommendation for a governmentwide data
    linkage and access infrastructure for statistical activities conducted
    for statistical purposes, as defined in chapter 35 of title 44, United
    States Code.

        (b) <<NOTE: Deadline.>>  Establishment.--Not later than one year
    after the date of enactment of this Act, the Director shall establish a
    National Secure Data Service demonstration project. The National Secure
    Data Service demonstration project shall be--
                (1) aligned with the principles, best practices, and
            priority actions recommended by the Advisory Committee on Data
            for Evidence Building, to the extent feasible; and
                (2) <<NOTE: Contracts.>>  operated directly by or via a
            contract that is managed by the National Center for Science and
            Engineering Statistics.

        (c) <<NOTE: Analysis. Reports.>>  Data.--In carrying out this
    section, the Director shall engage with Federal and State agencies to
    collect, acquire, analyze, report, and disseminate statistical data in
    the United States and other nations to support governmentwide evidence-
    building activities consistent with the Foundations for Evidence-Based
    Policymaking Act of 2018.

        (d) Voluntary Participation.--Participation in the National Secure
    Data Service demonstration project by Federal and State agencies shall
    be voluntary.
        (e) Privacy and Confidentiality Protections.--If the Director issues
    a management contract under subsection (b), the recipient shall be
    designated as an ``agent'' under subchapter III of chapter 35 of title
    44, United States Code, with all requirements and obligations for
    protecting confidential information delineated in the Confidential
    Information Protection and Statistical Efficiency Act of 2018 and the
    Privacy Act of 1974.
        (f) Technology and Privacy Standards.--In carrying out this
    subsection, the Director shall--
                (1) consider application and use only of systems and
            technologies that incorporate protection measures to reasonably
            ensure confidential data and statistical products are protected
            in accordance with obligations under subchapter III of chapter
            35 of title 44, United States Code, including systems and
            technologies that ensure--
                        (A) raw data and other sensitive inputs are not
                    accessible to recipients of statistical outputs from the
                    National Secure Data Service demonstration project;

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1575]]

                        (B) no individual entity's data or information is
                    revealed by the National Secure Data Service
                    demonstration project platform to any other party in an
                    identifiable form;
                        (C) no information about the data assets used in the
                    National Secure Data Service demonstration project is
                    revealed to any other party, except as incorporated into
                    the final statistical output;
                        (D) the National Secure Data Service demonstration
                    project permits only authorized analysts to perform
                    statistical queries necessary to answer approved project
                    questions, and prohibits any other queries; and
                        (E) the National Secure Data Service demonstration
                    project conducts privacy risk assessments to minimize
                    the privacy risks to individual entities whose data has
                    been made available by a reporting entity, including
                    those privacy risks that could result from data breaches
                    of any system operated by the reporting entity, as well
                    as for determining approved project questions under
                    subparagraph (D) to minimize the privacy risks to
                    individuals affected by uses of the statistical output;
                    and
                (2) the National Secure Data Service demonstration project
            shall implement reasonable measures commensurate with the risks
            to individuals' privacy to achieve the outcomes under
            subparagraphs (A) through (E) of paragraph (1), which may
            include the appropriate application of privacy-enhancing
            technologies and appropriate measures to minimize or prevent
            reidentification risks consistent with any applicable guidance
            or regulations issued under subchapter III of chapter 35 of
            title 44, United States Code.

        (g) <<NOTE: Website.>>  Transparency.--The National Secure Data
    Service established under subsection (b) shall maintain a public website
    with up-to-date information on supported projects.

        (h) Report.--Not later than 2 years after the date of enactment of
    this Act, the National Secure Data Service demonstration project
    established under subsection (b) shall submit a report to Congress that
    includes--
                (1) a description of policies for protecting data,
            consistent with applicable Federal law;
                (2) a comprehensive description of all completed or active
            data linkage activities and projects;
                (3) <<NOTE: Assessment.>>  an assessment of the
            effectiveness of the demonstration project for mitigating risks
            and removing barriers to a sustained implementation of the
            National Secure Data Service as recommended by the Commission on
            Evidence-Based Policymaking; and
                (4) <<NOTE: Plan.>>  if deemed effective by the Director, a
            plan for scaling up the demonstration project to facilitate data
            access for evidence building while ensuring transparency and
            privacy.

        (i) <<NOTE: Time period.>>  Authorization of Appropriations.--There
    are authorized to be appropriated to the Director to carry out this
    subsection $9,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2023 through 2027.

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1576]]

      Subtitle G--Directorate for Technology, Innovation, and Partnerships

    SEC. 10381. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19101.>>  ESTABLISHMENT.

        There is established within the Foundation the Directorate for
    Technology, Innovation, and Partnerships to advance research and
    development, technology development, and related solutions to address
    United States societal, national, and geostrategic challenges, for the
    benefit of all Americans.
    SEC. 10382. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19102.>>  PURPOSES.

        The purposes of the Directorate established under section 10381 are
    to--
                (1) support use-inspired and translational research and
            accelerate the development and use of federally funded research;
                (2) strengthen United States competitiveness by accelerating
            the development of key technologies; and
                (3) grow the domestic workforce in key technology focus
            areas, and expand the participation of United States students
            and researchers in areas of societal, national, and geostrategic
            importance, at all levels of education.
    SEC. 10383. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19103.>>  ACTIVITIES.

        Subject to the availability of appropriated funds, the Director
    shall achieve the purposes described in section 10382 by making awards
    through the Directorate that--
                (1) support transformational advances in use-inspired and
            translational research and technology development, including
            through diverse funding mechanisms and models at different
            scales, to include convergence accelerators and projects
            designed to achieve specific technology metrics or objectives;
                (2) encourage the translation of research into innovations,
            processes, and products, including by--
                        (A) engaging researchers on topics relevant to
                    United States societal, national, and geostrategic
                    challenges, including by educating researchers on
                    engaging with end users and the public;
                        (B) advancing novel approaches and reducing barriers
                    to technology transfer, including through intellectual
                    property frameworks between academia and industry,
                    nonprofit entities, venture capital communities, and
                    approaches to technology transfer for applications with
                    public benefit that may not rely on traditional
                    commercialization tools; and
                        (C) establishing partnerships that connect
                    researchers and research products to businesses,
                    accelerators, and incubators that enable research
                    uptake, prototype development and scaling,
                    entrepreneurial education, and the formation and growth
                    of new companies;
                (3) develop mutually-beneficial research and technology
            development partnerships and collaborations among institutions
            of higher education, including historically Black colleges and
            universities, Tribal Colleges or Universities, minority-serving
            institutions, emerging research institutions, EPSCoR
            institutions, and nonprofit organizations, labor organizations,

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1577]]

            businesses and other for-profit entities, Federal or State
            agencies, local or Tribal governments, civil society
            organizations, other Foundation directorates, national labs,
            field stations and marine laboratories, and, as appropriate,
            international entities and binational research and development
            foundations and funds, excluding foreign entities of concern;
                (4) partner with other directorates and offices of the
            Foundation for specific projects or research areas including--
                        (A) to pursue basic questions about natural, human,
                    and physical phenomena that could enable advances in the
                    challenges and key technology focus areas under section
                    10387;
                        (B) to study questions that could affect the design
                    (including human interfaces), safety, security,
                    operation, deployment, or the social and ethical
                    consequences of technologies and innovations in the
                    challenges and key technology focus areas under section
                    10387, including the development of technologies and
                    innovations that complement or enhance the abilities of
                    workers and impact of specific innovations on domestic
                    jobs and equitable opportunity; and
                        (C) to further the creation of a domestic workforce
                    capable of advancing, using, and adapting to the key
                    technology focus areas;
                (5) build capacity and infrastructure for use-inspired and
            translational research at institutions of higher education
            across the United States, including by making awards to support
            administrative activities that advance development, operation,
            integration, deployment, and sharing of innovation;
                (6) support the education, mentoring, and training of
            undergraduate students, graduate students, and postdoctoral
            researchers, to both advance use-inspired and translational
            research and to address workforce challenges, through
            scholarships, fellowships, and traineeships; and
                (7) identify social, behavioral, and economic drivers and
            consequences of technological innovations that could enable
            advances in the challenges and key technology focus areas under
            section 10387.
    SEC. 10384. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19104.>>  REQUIREMENTS.

        In carrying out the activities under the Directorate, the Director
    shall ensure the programmatic work of the Directorate and Foundation--
                (1) utilizes the full potential of the United States
            workforce by avoiding undue geographic concentration of research
            and development and education funding across the United States,
            and encourages broader participation in the key technology focus
            area workforce by populations historically underrepresented in
            STEM; and
                (2) incorporates a worker perspective through participation
            by labor organizations and workforce training organizations.
    SEC. 10385. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19105.>>  ASSISTANT DIRECTOR.

        (a) <<NOTE: Appointment.>>  In General.--The Director shall appoint
    an Assistant Director responsible for the management of the Directorate
    established under this subtitle, in the same manner as other Assistant
    Directors of the Foundation are appointed.

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1578]]

        (b) Qualifications.--The Assistant Director shall be an individual,
    who by reason of professional background and experience, is specially
    qualified to--
                (1) advise the Director on all matters pertaining to use-
            inspired and translational research, development, and
            commercialization at the Foundation, including partnership with
            the private sector and other users of Foundation funded
            research; and
                (2) develop and implement the necessary policies and
            procedures to promote a culture of use-inspired and
            translational research within the Directorate and across the
            Foundation and carry out the responsibilities under subsection
            (c).

        (c) Responsibilities.--The responsibilities of the Assistant
    Director shall include--
                (1) advising the Director on all matters pertaining to use-
            inspired and translational research and development activities
            at the Foundation, including effective practices for convergence
            research, and the potential impact of Foundation research on
            United States societal, national and geostrategic challenges;
                (2) identifying opportunities for and facilitating
            coordination and collaboration, where appropriate, on use-
            inspired and translational research, development, adoption, and
            commercialization--
                        (A) among the offices, directorates, and divisions
                    within the Foundation; and
                        (B) between the Foundation and stakeholders in
                    academia, the private sector, including non-profit
                    entities, labor organizations, Federal or State
                    agencies, and international entities, as appropriate;
                (3) ensuring that the activities carried out under this
            subtitle do not substantially and unnecessarily duplicate
            activities supported by other parts of the Foundation or other
            relevant Federal agencies;
                (4) approving all new programs within the Directorate;
                (5) developing and testing diverse merit-review models and
            mechanisms for selecting and providing awards for use-inspired
            and translational research and development at different scales,
            from individual investigator awards to large multi-institution
            collaborations;
                (6) assessing the success of programs;
                (7) administering awards to achieve the purposes described
            in section 10382; and
                (8) performing other such duties pertaining to the purposes
            in section 10382 as are required by the Director.

        (d) Relationship to the Director.--The Assistant Director shall
    report to the Director.
        (e) Relationship to Other Programs.--No other directorate within the
    Foundation shall report to the Assistant Director.
    SEC. 10386. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19106.>>  ADVISORY COMMITTEE.

        (a) <<NOTE: Assess. Recommenda- tions.>>  In General.--In accordance
    with the Federal Advisory Committee Act (5 U.S.C. App.) the Director
    shall establish an advisory committee to assess, and make
    recommendations regarding, the activities carried out under this
    subtitle.

        (b) Membership.--The advisory committee members shall--

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1579]]

                (1) be individuals with relevant experience or expertise,
            including individuals from industry and national labs,
            educators, academic subject matter experts, including
            individuals with knowledge of key technology focus areas and
            their impact on United States national security and geostrategic
            leadership, the technical and social dimensions of science and
            technology, technology transfer experts, labor organizations,
            representatives of civil society, and other nongovernmental
            organizations; and
                (2) consist of at least 10 members broadly representative of
            stakeholders, including no less than 3 members from the private
            sector, none of whom shall be an employee of the Federal
            Government, and no less than 1 member with significant expertise
            in United States national security and economic competitiveness.

        (c) Responsibilities.--The Committee's responsibilities shall
    include--
                (1) reviewing and advising on activities carried out under
            this subtitle;
                (2) proposing strategies for fulfilling the purposes in
            section 10382;
                (3) proposing potential areas of research, particularly as
            relevant to United States societal, national, and geostrategic
            challenges; and
                (4) other relevant issues as determined by the Director.
    SEC. 10387. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19107.>>  CHALLENGES AND FOCUS AREAS.

        (a) <<NOTE: Time period. Review. Update. List.>>  In General.--In
    consultation with the Assistant Director, the Board, and the interagency
    working group established under subtitle F of title VI, the Director
    shall identify, and annually review and update as appropriate, a list
    of--
                (1) not more than 5 United States societal, national, and
            geostrategic challenges that may be addressed by technology to
            guide activities under this subtitle; and
                (2) not more than 10 key technology focus areas to guide
            activities under this subtitle.

        (b) Initial List of Societal, National, and Geostrategic
    Challenges.--The initial list of societal, national, and geostrategic
    challenges are the following:
                (1) United States national security.
                (2) United States manufacturing and industrial productivity.
                (3) United States workforce development and skills gaps.
                (4) Climate change and environmental sustainability.
                (5) Inequitable access to education, opportunity, or other
            services.

        (c) Initial List of Key Technology Focus Areas.--The initial list of
    key technology focus areas are the following:
                (1) Artificial intelligence, machine learning, autonomy, and
            related advances.
                (2) High performance computing, semiconductors, and advanced
            computer hardware and software.
                (3) Quantum information science and technology.
                (4) Robotics, automation, and advanced manufacturing.
                (5) Natural and anthropogenic disaster prevention or
            mitigation.

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1580]]

                (6) Advanced communications technology and immersive
            technology.
                (7) Biotechnology, medical technology, genomics, and
            synthetic biology.
                (8) Data storage, data management, distributed ledger
            technologies, and cybersecurity, including biometrics.
                (9) Advanced energy and industrial efficiency technologies,
            such as batteries and advanced nuclear technologies, including
            but not limited to for the purposes of electric generation
            (consistent with section 15 of the National Science Foundation
            Act of 1950 (42 U.S.C. 1874).
                (10) Advanced materials science, including composites 2D
            materials, other next-generation materials, and related
            manufacturing technologies.

        (d) Relationship Between United States Societal, National, and
    Geostrategic Challenges and Key Technology Focus Areas.--
                (1) <<NOTE: Evaluation.>>  In updating the list under
            subsection (a)(1), the Director shall evaluate national and
            global technology trends.
                (2) In updating the list under subsection (a)(2), the
            Director shall consider the impact of the selected technologies
            on United States societal, national, and geostrategic
            challenges.
                (3) The list under subsection (a)(2) may, but is not
            required to, align directly with the list under subsection
            (a)(1).
                (4) Nothing under this section shall prevent the Director
            from making limited investments in technologies or areas not
            identified in subsection (a)(1) or subsection (a)(2).

        (e) <<NOTE: Coordination. Time period. Review. Update.>>  Review and
    Updates.--The Director, in coordination with the interagency working
    group established under subtitle F of title VI and in consultation with
    the Director of National Intelligence and the Director of the Federal
    Bureau of Investigation, shall annually review and update as
    appropriate, the list of key technology focus areas for purposes of this
    division. As part of the annual review, the Director--
                (1) shall consider input from relevant industries and
            stakeholders;
                (2) may consider the challenges and recommendations
            identified in the reports required by sections 206 and 206B of
            the National Science and Technology Policy, Organization, and
            Priorities Act of 1976, as added by section 10611 and 10613 of
            this division and in other relevant reports, such as technology
            and global trend reports from the defense and intelligence
            communities;
                (3) shall consider the potential impact of the key
            technology focus areas on addressing societal, national, and
            geostrategic challenges; and
                (4) subject to the limitation under subsection (a), may add
            or delete key technology focus areas in light of shifting
            national needs or competitive threats to the United States
            (including for reasons of the United States or other countries
            having advanced or fallen behind in a technological area).

        (f) <<NOTE: Consultation.>>  Reporting.--At the conclusion of the
    annual review and update process required by subsection (e), the
    Director, in consultation with other Federal research agencies, as
    appropriate, shall deliver a report to Congress detailing--
                (1) the key technology focus areas and rationale for their
            selection;

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1581]]

                (2) the societal, national, and geostrategic challenges and
            rationale for their selection;
                (3) the role of the Foundation in advancing the key
            technology focus areas;
                (4) the impact, including to the academic research
            community, of any changes to the key technology focus areas; and
                (5) the activities and partnerships between the Directorate
            and the private sector.

        (g) Detailed Description.--The National Science Foundation shall, in
    coordination with the Office of Management and Budget, submit as part of
    their annual budget requests to Congress, a detailed description of the
    activities to be funded under this subtitle, including an explanation of
    how the requested funding is complementary and not redundant of
    programs, efforts, and infrastructure undertaken or supported by other
    relevant Federal agencies.
        (h) <<NOTE: Deadline. Contracts. Review. Assessments.>>  National
    Academies.--Not later than 5 years after the date of enactment of this
    Act, the Director shall contract with the National Academies to conduct
    a review of the key technology focus areas and the societal, national,
    and geostrategic challenges, including--
                (1) an assessment of their selection process;
                (2) an assessment of their relevance to the purposes of the
            Directorate, including to solving challenges with social,
            economic, health, scientific, and national security
            implications;
                (3) a review of whether Federal investment in the key
            technology focus areas have resulted in new domestic
            manufacturing capacity and job creation;
                (4) an assessment of any critical, new emerging areas;
                (5) an assessment of Federal investments in education and
            workforce development to support the key technology focus areas;
            and
                (6) an assessment of relative balance in leadership in
            addressing the key technology focus areas between the United
            States, allied and partner countries, and the People's Republic
            of China.
    SEC. 10388. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19108.>>  REGIONAL INNOVATION ENGINES.

        (a) In General.--From amounts made available to the Directorate, the
    Director shall make awards to eligible entities for the planning,
    establishment, and support of Regional Innovation Engines.
        (b) Purpose.--The purpose of the Regional Innovation Engines shall
    be to--
                (1) advance multidisciplinary, collaborative, use-inspired
            and translational research, technology development, in key
            technology focus areas;
                (2) address regional, national, societal, or geostrategic
            challenges;
                (3) leverage the expertise of multi-disciplinary and multi-
            sector partners, including partners from private industry,
            nonprofit organizations, and civil society organizations; and
                (4) support the development of scientific, innovation,
            entrepreneurial, and STEM educational capacity within the region
            of the Regional Innovation Engine to grow and sustain regional
            innovation.

        (c) Uses of Funds.--Funds awarded under this section may be used by
    a Regional Innovation Engine to--

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1582]]

                (1) conduct use-inspired and translational research and
            technology development to advance innovation in at least one of
            the key technology focus areas and to help solve a compelling
            regional, national, societal, or geostrategic challenge;
                (2) further the development, adoption, and commercialization
            of innovations in key technology focus areas, including through
            support for proof-of-concept development, and through
            partnership with other Federal agencies and Federal
            laboratories, industry, including startup companies, labor
            organizations, civil society organizations, and State,
            territorial, local, and Tribal governments;
                (3) develop and manage, or facilitate access to, test beds
            and instrumentation, which may include fabrication facilities
            and cyberinfrastructure, to advance the development,
            integration, and demonstration of new, innovative technologies,
            including hardware or software;
                (4) establish traineeship programs for graduate students who
            pursue degrees and research related to the key technology focus
            areas leading to a masters or doctorate degree by providing
            funding and other assistance, and opportunities for research
            experiences in government or industry related to the students'
            studies;
                (5) engage in outreach and engagement in the region to
            broaden participation in the activities of the Regional
            Innovation Engine; and
                (6) <<NOTE: Reimbursement.>>  reimburse, in part or in
            whole, the cost of instrumentation, technology transfer, and
            commercialization activities, including patenting and licensing,
            and for operations and staff, as the Director determines
            appropriate.

        (d) Selection Process.--In making awards under this subtitle, the
    Director shall consider, in addition to the scientific and technical
    merit of the proposal, the extent to which the activities and locations
    proposed--
                (1) have the potential to create an innovation ecosystem, or
            enhance existing ecosystems and contribute to job creation in a
            region;
                (2) demonstrate a capacity to engage and partner with
            multiple types of institutions of higher education, industry,
            labor, nonprofit organizations, civil society organizations,
            other Federal agencies, Federal laboratories, State, local, and
            Tribal governments, and other appropriate organizations,
            including to inform research directions and account for ethical,
            societal, safety, and security implications relevant to the
            potential applications of the research;
                (3) demonstrate a capacity to broaden participation of
            populations historically underrepresented in STEM in the
            activities of the Regional Innovation Engine; and
                (4) demonstrate a plan and capability to prevent the
            inappropriate use or dissemination of the research and
            technology, including research results, data, and intellectual
            property, as appropriate and consistent with the requirements of
            the relevant award.

        (e) Requirements.--
                (1) <<NOTE: Definition.>>  Eligibility.--For the purposes of
            this section, an ``eligible entity'' means an institution of
            higher education, a nonprofit organization, a private sector
            entity, or a consortium thereof.

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1583]]

                (2) Partnerships.--To be eligible for an award under this
            section an eligible entity--
                        (A) shall include in its proposal partnership with 1
                    or more institution that is--
                              (i) a historically Black college or
                          university;
                              (ii) a Tribal College or University;
                              (iii) a minority-serving institution;
                              (iv) an EPSCoR institution;
                              (v) an emerging research institution; or
                              (vi) a community college;
                        (B) may include partnership with 1 or more--
                              (i) additional entities described in paragraph
                          (2)(A);
                              (ii) industry entities, including startups,
                          small businesses, and public-private partnerships;
                              (iii) economic development organizations or
                          venture development organizations, as such terms
                          are defined in section 28(a) of the Stevenson-
                          Wydler Technology Innovation Act of 1980 (15
                          U.S.C. 13701 et seq.), as added by section 10621
                          of this division;
                              (iv) National Laboratories;
                              (v) Federal laboratories, as defined in
                          section 4 of the Stevenson-Wydler Technology
                          Innovation Act of 1980 (15 U.S.C. 3703);
                              (vi) Federal research facilities;
                              (vii) labor organizations;
                              (viii) entities described in paragraph (1) or
                          (2) from allied or partner countries;
                              (ix) other entities to be vital to the success
                          of the program, as determined by the Director;
                              (x) binational research and development
                          foundations and funds, excluding those affiliated
                          with foreign entities of concern, as defined in
                          section 10612; and
                              (xi) Engineer Research and Development Center
                          laboratories of the Army Corps of Engineers; and
                        (C) shall include as part of its proposal a plan
                    for--
                              (i) establishing a sustained partnership that
                          is jointly developed and managed, draws from the
                          capacities of each institution, and is mutually
                          beneficial; and
                              (ii) documents governance and management
                          plans, financial contributions from non-Federal
                          sources, and plans for ownership and use of any
                          intellectual property.
                (3) Promoting partnerships.--In making awards under this
            section, the Director shall encourage applicants for a Regional
            Innovation Engine that include multiple regional partners as
            described in subsection (e)(2).
                (4) Geographic distribution.--In making awards under this
            section, the Director shall take into consideration the extent
            to which the proposals expand the geographic distribution of the
            Regional Innovation Engines, including by giving special
            consideration to rural-serving institutions of higher education.
                (5) Resource availability.--The Director shall ensure that
            any eligible entity receiving an award under this section
            shall--

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1584]]

                        (A) provide information on relevant currently
                    existing resources available to the proposing team from
                    all internal and external sources, including all partner
                    organizations; and
                        (B) include letters of collaboration from partner
                    organizations that include information on resource
                    contributions committed by such partners.

        (f) Collaboration With Regional Technology Hubs.--Each Regional
    Innovation Engine established under this section may collaborate and
    participate in, as appropriate, the activities of any regional
    technology hub designated under section 28 of the Stevenson-Wydler
    Technology Innovation Act of 1980 (15 U.S.C. 3701 et seq.), as added by
    section 10621.
        (g) Duration.--
                (1) Initial period.--An award under this section shall be
            for an initial period of 5 years.
                (2) Renewal.--An established Regional Innovation Engine may
            apply for, and the Director may award, extended funding for
            periods of 5 years on a merit-reviewed basis.

        (h) Competitive, Merit-review.--In making awards under this section,
    the Director shall--
                (1) use a competitive, merit review process that includes
            peer review by a diverse group of individuals with relevant
            expertise from both the private and public sectors; and
                (2) ensure the focus areas of the Regional Innovation
            Engines do not substantially and unnecessarily duplicate the
            efforts of any other Regional Innovation Engine or any other
            similar effort at another Federal agency.

        (i) Collaboration.--In making awards under this section, the
    Director may collaborate with Federal departments and agencies whose
    missions contribute to or are affected by the technology focus area of
    the institute.
    SEC. 10389. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19109.>>  TRANSLATION ACCELERATOR.

        (a) In General.--The Director shall establish Translation
    Accelerators to further the research, development, and commercialization
    of innovation in the key technology focus areas.
        (b) Partnerships.--
                (1) In general.--Each Translation Accelerator shall be
            comprised of a partnership including 2 or more of the following
            entities:
                        (A) An institution of higher education.
                        (B) A for-profit company.
                        (C) A nonprofit organization.
                        (D) A Federal agency.
                        (E) Another entity, if that entity is determined by
                    the Director to be vital to the success of the program.
                (2) Institutional or organizational level.--The Director
            shall work to ensure that such partnerships exist at the
            institutional or organization level, rather than solely at the
            principal investigator level.
                (3) Cost share.--Not less than 25 percent of the funding for
            an institute shall be provided by non-Federal entities.
                (4) Number of centers and institutes established.--The
            Director shall endeavor to establish a balance in the number of
            Regional Innovation Engines and Translation Accelerators.

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1585]]

        (c) <<NOTE: Time period.>>  Authorization of Appropriations.--From
    within funds authorized for the Directorate for Technology, Innovation,
    and Partnerships, there are authorized to carry out the activities under
    this section and section 10388 $6,500,000,000 for fiscal years 2023
    through 2027.
    SEC. 10390. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19110.>>  TEST BEDS.

        (a) Program Authorized.--
                (1) In general.--From amounts made available for the
            Directorate, the Director, in coordination with the Director of
            the National Institute of Standards and Technology, the
            Secretary of Energy, and other Federal agencies, as determined
            appropriate by the Director, shall establish a program in the
            Directorate to make awards, on a competitive basis, to
            institutions of higher education, nonprofit organizations, or
            consortia thereof to establish and operate test beds, which may
            include fabrication facilities and cyberinfrastructure, to
            advance the development, operation, integration, deployment,
            and, as appropriate, demonstration of new, innovative critical
            technologies, which may include hardware or software.
                (2) Coordination.--In establishing new test beds under this
            section, the Director shall ensure coordination with other test
            beds supported by the Foundation or other Federal agencies to
            avoid duplication and maximize the use of Federal resources.

        (b) Proposals.--An applicant for an award under this section shall
    submit a proposal to the Director, at such time, in such manner, and
    containing such information as the Director may reasonably require. The
    proposal shall, at a minimum, describe--
                (1) the technology or technologies that will be the focus of
            the test bed;
                (2) the goals of the work to be done at the test bed;
                (3) how the applicant will assemble a workforce with the
            skills needed to operate the test bed;
                (4) how the applicant will ensure broad access to the test
            bed;
                (5) how the applicant will collaborate with firms in
            critical technologies, including through coordinated research
            and development and funding, to ensure that work in the test bed
            will contribute to the commercial viability of any technologies
            and will include collaboration from industry and labor
            organizations;
                (6) how the applicant will encourage the participation of
            inventors and entrepreneurs and the development of new
            businesses;
                (7) how the applicant will increase participation by
            populations that are underrepresented in STEM;
                (8) how the applicant will demonstrate that the commercial
            viability of any new technologies will support the creation of
            high-quality domestic jobs;
                (9) how the test bed will operate after Federal funding has
            ended;
                (10) how the test bed will disseminate lessons and other
            technical information to United States entities or allied or
            partner country entities in the United States; and
                (11) how the applicant plans to take measures to prevent the
            inappropriate use of research results, data, and intellectual

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1586]]

            property, as applicable and consistent with the requirements of
            the award.

        (c) Authorized Use of Funds.--A recipient of an award under this
    section may, consistent with the purposes of this section, use the award
    for the purchase of equipment and for the support of students, faculty
    and staff, and postdoctoral researchers.
        (d) Geographic Diversity.--In selecting award recipients under this
    section, the Director shall consider the extent to which proposals would
    expand the geographic diversity of test beds.
    SEC. 10391. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19111.>>  PLANNING AND CAPACITY
                                BUILDING AWARDS.

        (a) <<NOTE: Coordination.>>  In General.--Under the program
    established in section 508 of the America COMPETES Reauthorization Act
    of 2010 (42 U.S.C. 1862p-2) and the activities authorized under this
    section, from amounts made available to the Directorate, the Director,
    in coordination with other Federal agencies as determined appropriate by
    the Director, shall make awards, on a competitive basis, to eligible
    entities to advance the development, adoption, and commercialization of
    technologies, consistent with the purposes of the Directorate under
    section 10382.

        (b) Eligible Entity.--To be eligible to receive an award under this
    section, an entity shall be--
                (1) an institution of higher education, which may be a
            community college (or a consortium of such institutions);
                (2) a nonprofit organization that is either affiliated with
            an institution of higher education or designed to support
            technology development or entrepreneurship; or
                (3) a consortium that includes--
                        (A) an entity described in paragraph (1) or (2) as
                    the lead award recipient; and
                        (B) one or more additional individuals or entities,
                    which shall be--
                              (i) an economic development organization or
                          similar entity that is focused primarily on
                          improving science, technology, innovation, or
                          entrepreneurship;
                              (ii) an industry organization or firm in a
                          relevant technology or innovation sector;
                              (iii) an industry-experienced executive with
                          entrepreneurship experience that is focused
                          primarily on de-risking technologies from both a
                          scientific and a business perspective; or
                              (iv) an individual or entity with industry and
                          startup expertise, including a mentor network,
                          across relevant technology or innovation sectors.

        (c) Use of Funds.--In addition to activities listed under section
    10383, an eligible entity receiving an award under this section may use
    funds to--
                (1) identify academic research with the potential for
            technology transfer and commercialization, particularly as
            relevant to the purposes of the Directorate under section 10382;
                (2) ensure the availability of staff, including technology
            transfer professionals, entrepreneurs in residence, and other
            mentors as required to accomplish the purpose of this section;
                (3) help offset the costs of patenting and licensing
            research products, both domestically and internationally;
                (4) revise institution policies, including policies related
            to intellectual property and faculty entrepreneurship, and
            taking

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1587]]

            other necessary steps to implement relevant best practices for
            academic technology transfer;
                (5) develop local, regional, and national partnerships among
            institutions of higher education and between institutions of
            higher education and private sector entities and other relevant
            organizations, including investors, with the purpose of building
            networks, expertise, and other capacity to identify promising
            research that may have potential market value and enable
            researchers to pursue further development and transfer of their
            ideas into possible commercial or other use;
                (6) develop seminars, courses, and other educational
            opportunities for students, post-doctoral researchers, faculty,
            and other relevant staff at institutions of higher education to
            increase awareness and understanding of entrepreneurship,
            patenting, business planning, research security, and other areas
            relevant to technology transfer, and connect students and
            researchers to relevant resources, including mentors in the
            private sector; and
                (7) create, support, or fund entities or competitions to
            allow entrepreneurial students and faculty to illustrate the
            commercialization potential of their ideas, including through
            venture funds of institution of higher education.

        (d) Limitations on Funding.--
                (1) Awards made under this section shall be at least 3 years
            in duration and shall not exceed $1,000,000 per fiscal year.
                (2) Awards made under this section shall not support the
            development or operation of capital investment funds.

        (e) Application.--An eligible entity seeking funding under this
    section shall submit an application to the Director at such time, in
    such manner, and containing such information and assurances as such
    Director may require. The application shall include, at a minimum, a
    description of--
                (1) how the eligible entity submitting an application plans
            to sustain the proposed activities beyond the duration of the
            award;
                (2) the steps the applicant will take to enable technology
            transfer and adoption and why such steps are likely to be
            effective;
                (3) how the applicant will encourage the training and
            participation of students and potential entrepreneurs and the
            transition of research results to practice, including the
            development of new businesses;
                (4) as relevant, potential steps to drive economic growth in
            a particular region, by collaborating with industry, venture
            capital entities, non-profit organizations, and State and local
            governments within that region; and
                (5) background information that the Director determines is
            relevant to demonstrate the success of the innovation and
            entrepreneurship support models proposed by the applicant to
            commercialize technologies.

        (f) Collaborative Innovation Resource Center Program.--
                (1) In general.--The Director shall make awards under this
            section to eligible entities to establish collaborative
            innovation resource centers that promote regional technology
            transfer and technology development activities available to more
            than

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1588]]

            one institution of higher education and to other entities in a
            region.
                (2) Use of funds.--An eligible entity that receives an award
            under this subsection shall use award funds to carry out one or
            more of the following activities, to the benefit of the region
            in which the center is located:
                        (A) Providing start-ups and small business concerns
                    (as defined in section 3 of the Small Business Act (15
                    U.S.C. 632)) within the region with access to
                    facilities, scientific infrastructure, personnel, and
                    other assets as required for technology maturation.
                        (B) Supporting entrepreneurial training for start-up
                    and small business personnel.
                (3) Providing engineering and entrepreneurial experiences
            and hands-on training for students enrolled in participating
            institutions of higher education.

        (g) Reporting on Commercialization Metrics.--The Director shall
    establish--
                (1) metrics related to commercialization for an award under
            this section; and
                (2) a reporting schedule for recipients of such awards that
            takes into account both short- and long-term goals of the
            programs under this section.

        (h) Geographic Diversity.--The Director shall ensure regional and
    geographic diversity in issuing awards under this section.
        (i) <<NOTE: Time period.>>  Authorization of Appropriations.--From
    within funds authorized for the Directorate for Technology, Innovation,
    and Partnerships, there are authorized to carry out the activities under
    this section $3,100,000,000 for fiscal years 2023 through 2027.
    SEC. 10392. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19112.>>  ENTREPRENEURIAL FELLOWSHIPS.

        (a) In General.--The Director, acting through the Directorate for
    Technology, Innovation, and Partnerships, shall award fellowships to
    scientists and engineers to help develop leaders capable of maturing
    promising ideas and technologies from lab to market or other use and
    forge connections between academic research and the government,
    industry, financial sectors, and other end users.
        (b) <<NOTE: Requirements.>>  Application.--An applicant for a
    fellowship under this section shall submit to the Director an
    application at such time, in such manner, and containing such
    information as the Director may require. At a minimum, the Director
    shall require that applicants--
                (1) <<NOTE: Time period.>>  have completed a doctoral degree
            in a STEM field no more than 5 years prior to the date of the
            application, or have otherwise demonstrated significant
            postbaccalaureate scientific research experience and are
            considered early career, according to requirements established
            by the Director; and
                (2) have included in the application a proposal for how the
            fellow will be embedded in a host institution's research
            environment.

        (c) Outreach.--The Director shall conduct program outreach to
    recruit fellowship applicants--
                (1) from diverse research institutions;
                (2) from all regions of the country; and
                (3) from groups historically underrepresented in STEM
            fields.

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1589]]

        (d) Administration Agreements.--The Director may enter into an
    agreement with a qualified third-party entity to administer the
    fellowships, subject to the provisions of this section.
        (e) <<NOTE: Time period.>>  Authorization of Appropriations.--There
    are authorized to be appropriated to the Director a total of
    $125,000,000 for fiscal years 2023 through 2027, to carry out the
    activities outlined in this section.
    SEC. 10393. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19113.>>  SCHOLARSHIPS AND FELLOWSHIPS.

        (a) In General.--The Director, acting through the Directorate, shall
    fund undergraduate scholarships (including at community colleges),
    graduate fellowships and traineeships, and postdoctoral awards in the
    key technology focus areas.
        (b) Implementation.--The Director may carry out subsection (a) by
    making awards--
                (1) directly to students; and
                (2) to institutions of higher education or consortia of
            institutions of higher education, including those institutions
            or consortia involved in operating Regional Innovation Engines
            established under section 10388.

        (c) Broadening Participation.--In carrying out this section, the
    Director shall take steps to increase the participation of populations
    that are underrepresented in STEM, which may include--
                (1) establishing or augmenting programs targeted at
            populations that are underrepresented in STEM;
                (2) supporting traineeships or other relevant programs at
            historically Black colleges and universities, Tribal Colleges or
            Universities, and minority-serving institutions;
                (3) enabling low-income populations to pursue associate,
            undergraduate, or graduate level degrees in STEM;
                (4) addressing current and expected gaps in the availability
            or skills of the STEM workforce, or addressing needs of the STEM
            workforce, including by increasing educational capacity at
            institutions and by prioritizing awards to United States
            citizens, permanent residents, and individuals that will grow
            the domestic workforce; and
                (5) addressing geographic diversity in the STEM workforce.

        (d) Encouraging Innovation.--In carrying out this section, the
    Director shall encourage innovation in graduate education, including
    through encouraging institutions of higher education to offer graduate
    students opportunities to gain experience in industry or Government as
    part of their graduate training, and through support for students in
    professional master's programs related to the key technology focus areas
    or to the societal, national, and geostrategic challenges.
        (e) Areas of Funding Support.--Subject to the availability of funds
    to carry out this section, the Director shall--
                (1) issue--
                        (A) postdoctoral awards,
                        (B) graduate fellowships and traineeships, inclusive
                    of the NSF Research Traineeships and fellowships awarded
                    under the Graduate Research Fellowship Program; and
                        (C) scholarships, including undergraduate
                    scholarships, research experiences, and internships,
                    including--
                              (i) scholarships to attend community colleges;
                          and
                              (ii) research experiences and internships
                          under sections 513, 514, and 515 of the America
                          COMPETES

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1590]]

                          Reauthorization Act of 2010 (42 U.S.C. 1862p-5;
                          1862p-6; 1862p-7);
                (2) ensure that not less than 10 percent of the funds made
            available to carry out this section are used to support
            additional awards that focus on community college training,
            education, and teaching programs that increase the participation
            of populations that are historically underrepresented in STEM,
            including technical programs through programs such as the
            Advanced Technological Education program; and
                (3) if funds remain after carrying out paragraphs (1) and
            (2) make awards to institutions of higher education to enable
            the institutions to fund the development and establishment of
            new or specialized programs of study for graduate,
            undergraduate, or technical college students and the evaluation
            of the effectiveness of those programs of study.

        (f) Low-income Scholarship Program.--
                (1) In general.--The Director shall award scholarships to
            low-income individuals to enable such individuals to pursue
            associate, undergraduate, or graduate level degrees in STEM
            fields.
                (2) Eligibility.--
                        (A) In general.--To be eligible to receive a
                    scholarship under this subsection, an individual--
                              (i) must be a citizen of the United States, a
                          national of the United States (as defined in
                          section 1101(a) of title 8), an alien admitted as
                          a refugee under section 1157 of title 8, or an
                          alien lawfully admitted to the United States for
                          permanent residence;
                              (ii) shall prepare and submit to the Director
                          an application at such time, in such manner, and
                          containing such information as the Director may
                          require; and
                              (iii) <<NOTE: Certification.>>  shall certify
                          to the Director that the individual intends to use
                          amounts received under the scholarship to enroll
                          or continue enrollment at an institution of higher
                          education (as defined in section 1001(a) of title
                          20) in order to pursue an associate,
                          undergraduate, or graduate level degree in STEM
                          fields designated by the Director.
                        (B) Ability.--Awards of scholarships under this
                    subsection shall be made by the Director solely on the
                    basis of the ability of the applicant, except that in
                    any case in which 2 or more applicants for scholarships
                    are deemed by the Director to be possessed of
                    substantially equal ability, and there are not
                    sufficient scholarships available to award one to each
                    of such applicants, the available scholarship or
                    scholarships shall be awarded to the applicants in a
                    manner that will tend to result in a geographically wide
                    distribution throughout the United States recipients'
                    places of permanent residence.
                (3) Scholarship amount and renewal.--Section 414(d) of the
            American Competitiveness and Workforce Improvement Act of 1998
            (42 U.S.C. 1869c) is amended in paragraph (3) by--
                        (A) striking ``, except that the Director shall not
                    award a scholarship in an amount exceeding $10,000 per
                    year''; and

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1591]]

                        (B) striking ``4 years'' and inserting ``5 years''.
                (4) Authorization.--Of amounts authorized for the
            Directorate for Technology, Innovation, and Partnerships,
            $100,000,000 shall be authorized to carry out this subsection.

        (g) Existing Programs.--The Director may use or augment existing
    STEM education programs of the Foundation and leverage education or
    entrepreneurial partners to carry out this section.
    SEC. 10394. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19114.>>  RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
                                AWARDS.

        (a) In General.--From amounts made available for the Directorate,
    the Director shall make awards, on a competitive basis, for research and
    technology development within the key technology focus areas, including
    investments that advance solutions to the challenges under section
    10387.
        (b) Purpose.--The purpose of the awards under this section shall be
    to accelerate technological advances and technology adoption in the key
    technology focus areas.
        (c) Recipients.--Recipients of funds under this section may include
    institutions of higher education, research institutions, non-profit
    organizations, private sector entities, consortia, or other entities as
    defined by the Director.
        (d) Metrics.--The Director may set metrics, including goals and
    deadlines, for the development and demonstration of technology as
    determined in the terms of the award, and may use such metrics to
    determine whether an award recipient shall be eligible for continued or
    follow-on funding.
        (e) Short Term Technology Deployment.--The Director shall also make
    awards, including through the SBIR and STTR programs (as defined in
    section 9(e) of the Small Business Act (15 U.S.C. 638(e)), to expedite
    short-term technology deployment within a period of no longer than 24
    months.
        (f) Selection Criteria.--In selecting recipients for an award under
    this section, the Director shall consider, at a minimum--
                (1) the relevance of the project to the challenges and the
            key technology focus areas under section 10387, and the
            potential of the project to result in transformational advances
            for such challenges and the key technology focus areas;
                (2) the current status of similar technology, the limits of
            current practice, and the novelty and risks of the proposed
            project;
                (3) the ethical, societal, safety, and security implications
            relevant to the application of the technology;
                (4) the appropriateness of quantitative goals and metrics
            for evaluating the project and a plan for evaluating those
            metrics; and
                (5) the path for developing and, as appropriate,
            commercializing the technology into products and processes in
            the United States.

        (g) Authorization of Appropriations.--From within funds authorized
    for the Directorate for Technology, Innovation, and Partnerships, there
    are authorized to carry out the activities under this section
    $1,000,000,000 for fiscal years 2023 through 2027.
    SEC. 10395. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19115.>>  SCALING INNOVATIONS IN PREK-
                                12 STEM EDUCATION.

        (a) In General.--Taking into consideration the recommendations under
    section 10311(a)(4) of subtitle B, the Director shall make awards, on a
    competitive, merit-reviewed basis, to establish multidisciplinary
    Centers for Transformative Education Research

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1592]]

    and Translation (in this section referred to as ``Centers'') to support
    research and development on widespread and sustained implementation of
    STEM education innovations.
        (b) Eligibility.--The entity seeking an award for a Center under
    this section must be an institution of higher education, a nonprofit
    organization, or a consortium of such institutions or organizations,
    which may include a STEM ecosystem .
        (c) Application.--An eligible entity under subsection (b) seeking an
    award under this section shall submit an application to the Director at
    such time, in such manner, and containing such information as the
    Director may require. The application shall include, at a minimum, a
    description of how the proposed Center will be used to--
                (1) establish partnerships among academic institutions,
            local or State educational agencies, and other relevant
            stakeholders in supporting programs and activities to facilitate
            the widespread and sustained implementation of promising,
            evidence-based STEM education practices, models, programs,
            curriculum, and technologies;
                (2) support enhanced STEM education infrastructure,
            including cyberlearning technologies, to facilitate the
            widespread adoption of promising, evidence-based practices;
                (3) support research and development on scaling practices,
            partnerships, and alternative models to current approaches,
            including approaches sensitive to the unique combinations of
            capabilities, resources, and needs of varying localities,
            educators, and learners;
                (4) include a focus on the learning needs of under-resourced
            schools and learners in low-resource or underachieving local
            educational agencies in urban and rural communities and the
            development of high-quality curriculum that engages these
            learners in the knowledge and practices of STEM fields;
                (5) include a focus on the learning needs and unique
            challenges facing students with disabilities;
                (6) support research, development, or education on one or
            more of the key technology focus areas;
                (7) support research and development on scaling practices
            and models to support and sustain highly-qualified STEM
            educators in urban and rural communities; and
                (8) at the discretion of the Director, any other
            requirements recommended in the study commissioned under section
            10311(a) of subtitle B.

        (d) Additional Considerations.--In making an award under this
    section, the Director may also consider the extent to which the proposed
    Center will--
                (1) leverage existing collaborations, tools, and strategies
            supported by the Foundation, including NSF INCLUDES and the
            Convergence Accelerators;
                (2) support research on and the development and scaling of
            innovative approaches to distance learning and education for
            various student populations;
                (3) support education innovations that leverage new
            technologies or deepen understanding of the impact of technology
            on educational systems; and
                (4) include a commitment from local or State education
            administrators to making the proposed reforms and activities a
            priority.

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1593]]

        (e) Partnership.--In carrying out the program under this section,
    the Director shall explore opportunities to partner with the Department
    of Education, including through jointly funding activities under this
    section.
        (f) Duration.--Each award made under this section shall be for a
    duration of no more than 5 years.
        (g) Annual Meeting.--The Director shall encourage and facilitate an
    annual meeting of the Centers, as appropriate, to foster collaboration
    among the Centers and to further disseminate the results of the Centers'
    supported activities.
        (h) Existing Programs.--The Director may use existing NSF programs
    to establish and execute this section.
        (i) <<NOTE: Public information.>>  Report.--Not later than 5 years
    after the date of enactment of this Act, the Director shall submit to
    Congress and make widely available to the public a report that
    includes--
                (1) a description of the focus and proposed goals of each
            Center;
                (2) <<NOTE: Assessment.>>  an assessment, based on a common
            set of benchmarks and tools, of the Centers' success in helping
            to promote scalable solutions in PreK-12 STEM education; and
                (3) <<NOTE: Recommenda- tions.>>  any recommendations for
            administrative and legislative action that could optimize the
            effectiveness of the Centers established under this section.
    SEC. 10396. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19116.>>  AUTHORITIES.

        In addition to existing authorities available to the Foundation, the
    Director may exercise the following authorities in carrying out the
    activities under this subtitle:
                (1) Awards.--In carrying out this subtitle, the Director may
            provide awards in the form of grants, contracts, cooperative
            agreements, cash prizes, and other transactions.
                (2) Program directors.--
                        (A) Designation.--The Director may designate
                    individuals to serve as program directors for the
                    programs established within the Directorate pursuant to
                    the responsibilities established under subparagraph (B).
                    The Director shall ensure that program directors--
                              (i) have expertise in one or more of the
                          challenges and key technology focus areas under
                          section 10387; and
                              (ii) come from a variety of backgrounds,
                          including industry, and from a variety of
                          institutions of higher education.
                        (B) <<NOTE: Consultation.>>  Responsibilities.--A
                    program director of a program of the Directorate, in
                    consultation with the Assistant Director, shall be
                    responsible for--
                              (i) establishing research and development
                          goals for the program, including through the
                          convening of workshops, conferring with a broad
                          range of stakeholders and outside experts, taking
                          into account relevant expert reports, and
                          publicizing the goals of the program to the public
                          and private sectors;
                              (ii) surveying a wide range of institutions of
                          higher education, nonprofit organizations, and
                          private entities to identify emerging trends in
                          the challenges and key technology focus areas
                          under section 10387, and, as appropriate,
                          soliciting proposals from such entities to

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1594]]

                          conduct research in areas of particular promise
                          that the private sector is the not likely to
                          undertake independently.
                              (iii) facilitating research collaborations in
                          the challenges and key technology focus areas
                          under section 10387, including connecting academic
                          researchers with potential end-users of
                          technology, including industry, labor
                          organizations, nonprofit organizations, civil
                          society organizations, and other relevant
                          organizations;
                              (iv) <<NOTE: Determination.>>  reviewing
                          applications for projects submitted under section
                          10394 according to the Merit Review Criteria
                          established by the Director for such projects and
                          described in the Foundation's Proposal and Award
                          Policies and Procedures Guide, and any such
                          additional criteria as determined by the Director;
                          and
                              (v) monitoring the progress of projects
                          supported under the program and taking into
                          account input from relevant experts and
                          stakeholders, recommending program updates as
                          needed.
                        (C) Selection criteria.--Program directors may use
                    diverse merit review models for selection of award
                    recipients under section 10394, including internal
                    review and different models that use peer review.
                        (D) Terms.--Program directors of the Directorate may
                    be appointed by the Director for a limited term,
                    renewable at the discretion of the Director.
                (3) Experts in science and engineering.--
                        (A) Program authorized.--The Foundation may carry
                    out a program of personnel management authority provided
                    under subparagraph (B) in order to facilitate
                    recruitment of eminent experts in science or engineering
                    for research and development projects and to enhance the
                    administration and management of the Foundation.
                        (B) Personnel management authority.--Under the
                    program under subparagraph (A), the Foundation may--
                              (i) without regard to any provision of title
                          5, United States Code, governing the appointment
                          of employees in the competitive service, appoint
                          individuals to a total of not more than 70
                          positions in the Foundation, of which not more
                          than 5 such positions may be positions of
                          administration or management of the Foundation;
                              (ii) prescribe the rates of basic pay for
                          positions to which employees are appointed under
                          clause (i)--
                                        (I) in the case of employees
                                    appointed pursuant to clause (i) to any
                                    of 5 positions designated by the
                                    Foundation for purposes of this clause,
                                    at rates not in excess of a rate equal
                                    to 150 percent of the maximum rate of
                                    basic pay authorized for positions at
                                    level I of the Executive Schedule under
                                    section 5312 of title 5, United States
                                    Code; and
                                        (II) in the case of any other
                                    employee appointed pursuant to clause
                                    (i), at rates not in excess of the
                                    maximum rate of basic pay authorized for
                                    senior-level positions under section
                                    5376 of title 5, United States Code; and

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1595]]

                              (iii) pay any employee appointed under
                          subparagraph (A), other than an employee appointed
                          to a position designated as described in clause
                          (ii)(I), payments in addition to basic pay within
                          the limit applicable to the employee under
                          subparagraph (D).
                        (C) <<NOTE: Time period.>>  Limitation on term of
                    appointment.--
                              (i) In general.--Except as provided in clause
                          (ii), the service of an employee under an
                          appointment under subparagraph (B)(i) may not
                          exceed 4 years.
                              (ii) <<NOTE: Determination.>>  Extension.--The
                          Director may, in the case of a particular employee
                          under the program under subparagraph (A), extend
                          the period to which service is limited under
                          clause (i) by up to 2 years if the Director
                          determines that such action is necessary to
                          promote the efficiency of the Foundation.
                        (D) Maximum amount of additional payments payable.--
                    Notwithstanding any other provision of this subsection
                    or section 5307 of title 5, United States Code, no
                    additional payments may be paid to an employee under
                    subparagraph (B)(iii) in any calendar year if, or to the
                    extent that, the employee's total annual compensation in
                    such calendar year will exceed the maximum amount of
                    total annual compensation payable at the salary set in
                    accordance with section 104 of title 3, United States
                    Code.
                (4) Highly qualified experts in needed occupations.--
                        (A) <<NOTE: Determination.>>  In general.--The
                    Foundation may carry out a program using the authority
                    provided in subparagraph (B) in order to attract highly
                    qualified experts in needed occupations, as determined
                    by the Foundation. Individuals hired by the Director
                    through such authority may include individuals with
                    expertise in business creativity, innovation management,
                    design thinking, entrepreneurship, venture capital, and
                    related fields.
                        (B) Authority.--Under the program, the Foundation
                    may--
                              (i) <<NOTE: Appointment.>>  appoint personnel
                          from outside the civil service and uniformed
                          services (as such terms are defined in section
                          2101 of title 5, United States Code) to positions
                          in the Foundation without regard to any provision
                          of title 5, United States Code, governing the
                          appointment of employees in the competitive
                          service;
                              (ii) prescribe the rates of basic pay for
                          positions to which employees are appointed under
                          clause (i) at rates not in excess of the maximum
                          rate of basic pay authorized for senior-level
                          positions under section 5376 of title 5, United
                          States Code; and
                              (iii) pay any employee appointed under clause
                          (i) payments in addition to basic pay within the
                          limits applicable to the employee under
                          subparagraph (D).
                        (C) Limitation on term of appointment.--
                              (i) In general.--Except as provided in clause
                          (ii), the service of an employee under an
                          appointment made pursuant to this subsection may
                          not exceed 5 years.
                              (ii) <<NOTE: Determination.>>  Extension.--The
                          Foundation may, in the case of a particular
                          employee, extend the period to which service is
                          limited under clause (i) by up to 1 additional
                          year if the Foundation determines that such action

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1596]]

                          is necessary to promote the Foundation's national
                          security missions.
                        (D) Limitations on additional payments.--
                              (i) <<NOTE: Time period.>>  Total amount.--The
                          total amount of the additional payments paid to an
                          employee under this subsection for any 12-month
                          period may not exceed the maximum amount of total
                          compensation payable at the salary set in
                          accordance with section 104 of title, United
                          States Code.
                              (ii) Eligibility for payments.--An employee
                          appointed under this subsection is not eligible
                          for any bonus, monetary award, or other monetary
                          incentive for service, except for payments
                          authorized under this subsection.
                        (E) Limitation on number of highly qualified
                    experts.--The number of highly qualified experts
                    appointed and retained by the Foundation under sub
                    (B)(i) shall not exceed 70 at any time.
                        (F) Savings provisions.--In the event that the
                    Foundation terminates the program under this paragraph,
                    in the case of an employee who, on the day before the
                    termination of the program, is serving in a position
                    pursuant to an appointment under this paragraph--
                              (i) the termination of the program does not
                          terminate the employee's employment in that
                          position before the expiration of the lesser of--
                                        (I) the period for which the
                                    employee was appointed; or
                                        (II) the period to which the
                                    employee's service is limited under
                                    subparagraph (C), including any
                                    extension made under this paragraph
                                    before the termination of the program;
                                    and
                              (ii) the rate of basic pay prescribed for the
                          position under this paragraph may not be reduced
                          as long as the employee continues to serve at an
                          acceptable level of performance in the position
                          without a break in service.
                (5) Additional hiring authority.--To the extent needed to
            carry out the duties under paragraph (1)(A), the Director is
            authorized to utilize hiring authorities under section 3372 of
            title 5, United States Code, to staff the Foundation with
            employees from other Federal agencies, State and local
            governments, Indian Tribes and Tribal organizations,
            institutions of higher education, and other organizations, as
            described in that section, in the same manner and subject to the
            same conditions, that apply to such individuals utilized to
            accomplish other missions of the Foundation.
                (6) <<NOTE: Evaluations. Recommenda- tions.>>  National
            academy of public administration.--
                        (A) <<NOTE: Deadline. Contracts.>>  Study.--Not
                    later than 30 days after the date of enactment of this
                    Act, the Director shall contract with the National
                    Academy of Public Administration to conduct a study on
                    the organizational and management structure of the
                    Foundation, to--
                              (i) evaluate and make recommendations to
                          efficiently and effectively implement the
                          Directorate for Technology, Innovation, and
                          Partnerships; and

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1597]]

                              (ii) evaluate and make recommendations to
                          ensure coordination of the Directorate for
                          Technology, Innovation, and Partnerships with
                          other directorates and offices of the Foundation
                          and other Federal agencies.
                        (B) Review.--Upon completion of the study under
                    subparagraph (A), the Foundation shall review the
                    recommendations from the National Academy of Public
                    Administration and provide a briefing to Congress on the
                    plans of the Foundation to implement any such
                    recommendations.
                (7) Providing authority to disseminate information.--Section
            11 of the National Science Foundation Act of 1950 (42 U.S.C.
            1870) is amended--
                        (A) in subsection (j), by striking ``and'' after the
                    semicolon;
                        (B) in subsection (k), by striking the period at the
                    end and inserting ``; and''; and
                        (C) by adding at the end the following:

        ``(l) to provide for the widest practicable and appropriate
    dissemination of information within the United States concerning the
    Foundation's activities and the results of those activities.''.
    SEC. 10397. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19117.>>  COORDINATION OF ACTIVITIES.

        (a) In General.--In carrying out the activities of the Directorate,
    the Director shall coordinate and collaborate as appropriate with the
    Secretary of Energy, the Director of the National Institute of Standards
    and Technology, and the heads of other Federal research agencies, as
    appropriate, to further the goals of this subtitle.
        (b) Avoid Duplication.--The Director shall ensure, to the greatest
    extent practicable, that activities carried out by the Directorate are
    not duplicative of activities supported by other parts of the Foundation
    or other relevant Federal agencies. In carrying out the activities
    prescribed by this division, the Director shall coordinate with the
    interagency working group established under subtitle F of title VI and
    heads of other Federal research agencies to ensure these activities
    enhance and complement, but do not constitute unnecessary duplication of
    effort and to ensure the responsible stewardship of funds.
        (c) Emerging Technologies.--After completion of the studies
    regarding emerging technologies conducted by the Secretary of Commerce
    under title XV of division FF of the Consolidated Appropriations Act,
    2021 (Public Law 116-260), the Director shall consider the results of
    such studies in carrying out the activities of the Directorate.
    SEC. 10398. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19118.>>  ETHICAL, LEGAL, AND SOCIETAL
                                CONSIDERATIONS.

        The Director shall engage, as appropriate, experts in the social
    dimensions of science and technology and set up formal avenues for
    public input, as appropriate, to ensure that ethical, legal, and
    societal considerations are taken into account in the priorities and
    activities of the Directorate, including in the selection of the
    challenges and key technology focus areas under section 10387 and the
    award-making process, and throughout all stages of supported projects.

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1598]]

    SEC. 10399. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19119.>>  REPORTS AND ROADMAPS.

        (a) Annual Report.--The Director shall provide to the relevant
    authorizing and appropriations committees of Congress an annual report
    describing projects supported by the Directorate during the previous
    year.
        (b) <<NOTE: Deadline. Time period.>>  Roadmap.--Not later than 1
    year after the date of enactment of this Act, the Director shall provide
    to the relevant authorizing and appropriations committees of Congress a
    roadmap describing the strategic vision that the Directorate will use to
    guide investment decisions over the following 3 years.

        (c) <<NOTE: Time periods. Consultation.>>  Reports.--Not later than
    1 year after the date of enactment of this Act and every 3 years
    thereafter, the Director, in consultation with the heads of relevant
    Federal agencies, shall prepare and submit to Congress--
                (1) <<NOTE: Strategic vision.>>  a strategic vision for the
            next 5 years for the Directorate, including a description of how
            the Foundation will increase funding for research and education
            for populations underrepresented in STEM and geographic areas;
            and
                (2) a description of the planned activities of the
            Directorate to secure federally funded science and technology
            pursuant to section 1746 of the National Defense Authorization
            Act for Fiscal Year 2020 (Public Law 116-92; 42 U.S.C. 6601
            note) and section 223 of William M. (Mac) Thornberry National
            Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 (Public Law 116-
            283) and the requirements under subtitle D of this title and
            subtitle E of title VI .

        (d) Selection Criteria Report.--Not later than 24 months after the
    establishment of the Directorate, the Director shall prepare and submit
    a report to Congress regarding the use of alternative methods for the
    selection of award recipients and the distribution of funding to
    recipients, as compared to the traditional peer review process.
    SEC. 10399A. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19120.>>  EVALUATION.

        (a) <<NOTE: Time period. Contracts.>>  In General.--After the
    Directorate has been in operation for 6 years, the Director shall enter
    into an agreement with the National Academies to provide an evaluation
    of how well the Directorate is achieving the purposes identified in
    section 10382.

        (b) <<NOTE: Assessments.>>  Inclusions.--The evaluation shall
    include--
                (1) an assessment of the impact of Directorate activities on
            the Foundation's primary science mission;
                (2) an assessment of the Directorate's impact on the
            challenges and key technology focus areas under section 10387;
                (3) an assessment of efforts to ensure coordination between
            the Directorate and other Federal agencies, and with external
            entities;
                (4) a description of lessons learned from operation of the
            Directorate; and
                (5) <<NOTE: Recommenda- tions. Public information.>>
            recommended funding levels for the Directorate;

        (c) Availability.--On completion of the evaluation, the evaluation
    shall be made available to Congress and the public.

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1599]]

                      Subtitle H--Administrative Amendments

    SEC. 10399D. SUPPORTING VETERANS IN STEM CAREERS.

        Section 3(c) of the Supporting Veterans in STEM Careers Act (42
    U.S.C. 1862t) is amended by striking ``annual'' and inserting
    ``biennial''.
    SEC. 10399E. SUNSHINE ACT COMPLIANCE.

        Section 15(a) of the National Science Foundation Authorization Act
    of 2002 (42 U.S.C. 1862n-5(a)) is amended--
                (1) so that paragraph (3) reads as follows:
                ``(3) <<NOTE: Assessment.>>  Compliance review.--The
            Inspector General of the Foundation shall conduct a review of
            the compliance by the Board with the requirements described in
            paragraph (2) as necessary based on a triennial risk
            assessment. <<NOTE: Examination. Determination.>>  Any review
            deemed necessary shall examine the proposed and actual content
            of closed meetings and determine whether the closure of the
            meetings was consistent with section 552b of title 5, United
            States Code.''; and
                (2) by striking paragraphs (4) and (5) and inserting the
            following:
                ``(4) Materials relating to closed portions of
            meeting. <<NOTE: Records. Time period.>> --To facilitate the
            risk assessment required under paragraph (3) of this subsection,
            and any subsequent review conducted by the Inspector General,
            the Office of the National Science Board shall maintain the
            General Counsel's certificate, the presiding officer's
            statement, and a transcript or recording of any closed meeting,
            for at least 3 years after such meeting.''.
    SEC. 10399F. SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING INDICATORS REPORT SUBMISSION.

         Section 4(j)(1) of the National Science Foundation Act of 1950 (42
    U.S.C. 1863(j)(1)) is amended by striking ``January 15'' and inserting
    ``March 15''.

                  TITLE IV--BIOECONOMY RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT

    SEC. 10401. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19131.>>  DEFINITIONS.

        In this title:
                (1) Initiative.--The term ``Initiative'' means the National
            Engineering Biology Research and Development Initiative
            established under section 10402.
                (2) Omics.--The term ``omics'' refers to the collective
            technologies used to explore the roles, relationships, and
            actions of the various types of molecules that make up the cells
            and systems of an organism and the systems level analysis of
            their functions.
    SEC. 10402. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19132.>>  NATIONAL ENGINEERING BIOLOGY
                                RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT INITIATIVE.

        (a) <<NOTE: President.>>  In General.--The President, acting through
    the Office of Science and Technology Policy, shall implement a National
    Engineering Biology Research and Development Initiative to

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1600]]

    advance societal well-being, national security, sustainability, and
    economic productivity and competitiveness through the following:
                (1) Advancing areas of research at the intersection of the
            biological, physical, chemical, data, and computational and
            information sciences and engineering to accelerate scientific
            understanding and technological innovation in engineering
            biology.
                (2) Advancing areas of biomanufacturing research to
            optimize, standardize, scale, and deliver new products and
            solutions.
                (3) Supporting social and behavioral sciences and economics
            research that advances the field of engineering biology and
            contributes to the development and public understanding of new
            products, processes, and technologies.
                (4) Improving the understanding of engineering biology of
            the scientific and lay public and supporting greater evidence-
            based public discourse about its benefits and risks.
                (5) Supporting research relating to the risks and benefits
            of engineering biology, including under subsection (d).
                (6) Supporting the development of novel tools and
            technologies to accelerate scientific understanding and
            technological innovation in engineering biology.
                (7) Expanding the number of researchers, educators, and
            students and a retooled workforce with engineering biology
            training, including from traditionally underrepresented and
            underserved populations.
                (8) Accelerating the translation and commercialization of
            engineering biology and biomanufacturing research and
            development by the private sector.
                (9) Improving the interagency planning and coordination of
            Federal Government activities related to engineering biology.

        (b) Initiative Activities.--The activities of the Initiative shall
    include the following:
                (1) Sustained support for engineering biology research and
            development through the following:
                        (A) Grants to fund the work of individual
                    investigators and teams of investigators, including
                    interdisciplinary teams.
                        (B) Projects funded under joint solicitations by a
                    collaboration of not fewer than two agencies
                    participating in the Initiative.
                        (C) Interdisciplinary research centers that are
                    organized to investigate basic research questions, carry
                    out technology development and demonstration activities,
                    and increase understanding of how to scale up
                    engineering biology processes, including
                    biomanufacturing.
                (2) Sustained support for databases and related tools,
            including the following:
                        (A) Support for the establishment, curation, and
                    maintenance of curated genomics, epigenomics, and other
                    relevant omics databases, including plant, animal, and
                    microbial databases, that are available to researchers
                    to carry out engineering biology research in a manner
                    that does not compromise national security or the
                    privacy or security of information within such
                    databases.

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1601]]

                        (B) Development of standards for such databases,
                    including for curation, interoperability, and protection
                    of privacy and security.
                        (C) Support for the development of computational
                    tools, including artificial intelligence tools, that can
                    accelerate research and innovation using such databases.
                        (D) <<NOTE: Inventory. Assessment.>>  An inventory
                    and assessment of all Federal government omics databases
                    to identify opportunities to improve the utility of such
                    databases, as appropriate and in a manner that does not
                    compromise national security or the privacy and security
                    of information within such databases, and inform
                    investment in such databases as critical infrastructure
                    for the engineering biology research enterprise.
                (3) Sustained support for the development, optimization, and
            validation of novel tools and technologies to enable the dynamic
            study of molecular processes in situ, including through the
            following:
                        (A) Research conducted at Federal laboratories.
                        (B) <<NOTE: Grants.>>  Grants to fund the work of
                    investigators at institutions of higher education and
                    other nonprofit research institutions.
                        (C) Incentivized development of retooled industrial
                    sites across the country that foster a pivot to
                    modernized engineering biology initiatives.
                        (D) Awards under the Small Business Innovation
                    Research Program and the Small Business Technology
                    Transfer Program (as described in section 9 of the Small
                    Business Act (15 U.S.C. 638)).
                (4) Support for education and training of undergraduate and
            graduate students in engineering biology, biomanufacturing,
            bioprocess engineering, and computational science applied to
            engineering biology and in the related ethical, legal,
            environmental, safety, security, and other societal domains.
                (5) Support for a national network of testbeds based on open
            standards, interfaces, and processes, including by repurposing
            existing facilities such as those specified in paragraph (3)(C),
            that would enable scale up of laboratory engineering biology
            research.
                (6) Activities to develop robust mechanisms for documenting
            and quantifying the outputs and economic benefits of engineering
            biology.
                (7) Activities to accelerate the translation and
            commercialization of new products, processes, and technologies
            by carrying out the following:
                        (A) Identifying precompetitive research
                    opportunities.
                        (B) Facilitating public-private partnerships in
                    engineering biology research and development, including
                    to address barriers to scaling up innovations in
                    engineering biology.
                        (C) Connecting researchers, graduate students, and
                    postdoctoral fellows with entrepreneurship education and
                    training opportunities.
                        (D) Supporting proof of concept activities and the
                    formation of startup companies including through
                    programs such as the Small Business Innovation Research
                    Program and the Small Business Technology Transfer
                    Program.

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1602]]

        (c) Expanding Participation.--The Initiative shall include, to the
    maximum extent practicable, outreach to primarily undergraduate and
    historically Black colleges and universities, Tribal Colleges or
    Universities, and minority-serving institutions about Initiative
    opportunities, and shall encourage the development of research
    collaborations between research-intensive universities and primarily
    undergraduate and historically Black colleges and universities, Tribal
    Colleges or Universities, and minority-serving institutions.
        (d) Ethical, Legal, Environmental, Safety, Security, and Societal
    Issues.--Initiative activities shall take into account ethical, legal,
    environmental, safety, security, and other appropriate societal issues
    by carrying out the following:
                (1) Supporting research, including in the social sciences,
            and other activities addressing ethical, legal, environmental,
            and other appropriate societal issues related to engineering
            biology, including integrating research on such topics with the
            research and development in engineering biology, and encouraging
            the dissemination of the results of such research, including
            through interdisciplinary engineering biology research centers
            described in subsection (b)(1)(C).
                (2) Supporting research and other activities related to the
            safety and security implications of engineering biology,
            including outreach to increase awareness among Federal
            researchers and federally-funded researchers at institutions of
            higher education about potential safety and security
            implications of engineering biology research, as appropriate.
                (3) Ensuring that input from Federal and non-Federal experts
            on the ethical, legal, environmental, safety, security, and
            other appropriate societal issues related to engineering biology
            is integrated into the Initiative.
                (4) Ensuring, through the agencies and departments that
            participate in the Initiative, that public input and outreach
            are integrated into the Initiative by the convening of regular
            and ongoing public discussions through mechanisms such as
            workshops, consensus conferences, and educational events, as
            appropriate.
                (5) <<NOTE: Compliance.>>  Complying with all applicable
            provisions of Federal law.
    SEC. 10403. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19133.>>  INITIATIVE COORDINATION.

        (a) <<NOTE: President.>>  Interagency Committee.--The President,
    acting through the Office of Science and Technology Policy, shall
    designate an interagency committee to coordinate activities of the
    Initiative as appropriate, which shall be co-chaired by the Office of
    Science and Technology Policy. The Director of the Office of Science and
    Technology Policy shall select an additional co-chairperson from among
    the members of the interagency committee. The interagency committee
    shall oversee the planning, management, and coordination of the
    Initiative. The interagency committee shall carry out the following:
                (1) Provide for interagency coordination of Federal
            engineering biology research, development, and other activities
            undertaken pursuant to the Initiative.
                (2) Establish and periodically update goals and priorities
            for the Initiative.

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1603]]

                (3) <<NOTE: Deadline. Update. Strategic plan.>>  Develop,
            not later than 12 months after the date of the enactment of this
            Act, and update every five years thereafter, a strategic plan
            submitted to the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology,
            the Committee on Agriculture, and the Committee on Energy and
            Commerce of the House of Representatives and the Committee on
            Commerce, Science, and Transportation, the Committee on
            Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry, the Committee on Small
            Business and Entrepreneurship, and the Committee on Health,
            Education, Labor, and Pensions of the Senate that--
                        (A) guides the activities of the Initiative for
                    purposes of meeting the goals and priorities established
                    under (and updated pursuant to) paragraph (2); and
                        (B) describes--
                              (i) the Initiative's support for long-term
                          funding for interdisciplinary engineering biology
                          research and development;
                              (ii) the Initiative's support for education
                          and public outreach activities;
                              (iii) the Initiative's support for research
                          and other activities on ethical, legal,
                          environmental, safety, security, and other
                          appropriate societal issues related to engineering
                          biology, including--
                                        (I) <<NOTE: Plan.>>  an applied
                                    biorisk management research plan;
                                        (II) <<NOTE: Recommenda- tions.>>
                                    recommendations for integrating security
                                    into biological data access and
                                    international reciprocity agreements;
                                        (III) <<NOTE: Recommenda- tions.>>
                                    recommendations for manufacturing
                                    restructuring to support engineering
                                    biology research, development, and
                                    scaling-up initiatives; and
                                        (IV) <<NOTE: Evaluation.>>  an
                                    evaluation of existing biosecurity
                                    governance policies, guidance, and
                                    directives for the purposes of creating
                                    an adaptable, evidence-based framework
                                    to respond to emerging biosecurity
                                    challenges created by advances in
                                    engineering biology;
                              (iv) how the Initiative will contribute to
                          moving results out of the laboratory and into
                          application for the benefit of society and United
                          States competitiveness; and
                              (v) how the Initiative will measure and track
                          the contributions of engineering biology to United
                          States economic growth and other societal
                          indicators.
                (4) <<NOTE: Strategy.>>  Develop a national genomic
            sequencing strategy to ensure engineering biology research fully
            leverages plant, animal, and microbe biodiversity, as
            appropriate and in a manner that does not compromise economic
            competitiveness, national security, or the privacy or security
            of human genetic information, to enhance long-term innovation
            and competitiveness in engineering biology in the United States.
                (5) <<NOTE: Plan.>>  Develop a plan to utilize Federal
            programs, such as the Small Business Innovation Research Program
            and the Small Business Technology Transfer Program (as described
            in section 9 of the Small Business Act (15 U.S.C. 638)), in
            support of the activities described in section 10402(b)(3).

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1604]]

                (6) In carrying out this section, take into consideration
            the recommendations of the advisory committee established under
            section 10404, the results of the workshop convened under
            section 10402, existing reports on related topics, and the views
            of academic, State, industry, and other appropriate groups.

        (b) <<NOTE: Effective date. Time periods.>>  Quinquennial Report.--
    Beginning with fiscal year 2023 and every five years thereafter for ten
    years, the interagency committee shall prepare and submit to the
    Committee on Science, Space, and Technology, the Committee on Energy and
    Commerce, and the Committee on Agriculture of the House of
    Representatives and the Committee on Commerce, Science, and
    Transportation, the Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions,
    the Committee on Small Business and Entrepreneurship, and the Committee
    on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry of the Senate a report that
    includes the following:
                (1) <<NOTE: Budget.>>  A summarized agency budget in support
            of the Initiative for the current fiscal year, including a
            breakout of spending for each agency participating in the
            Program, and for the development and acquisition of any research
            facilities and instrumentation.
                (2) <<NOTE: Assessment.>>  An assessment of how Federal
            agencies are implementing the plan described in subsection
            (a)(3), including the following:
                        (A) A description of the amount and number of awards
                    made under the Small Business Innovation Research
                    Program and the Small Business Technology Transfer
                    Program (as described in section 9 of the Small Business
                    Act (15 U.S.C. 638)) in support of the Initiative.
                        (B) A description of the amount and number of
                    projects funded under joint solicitations by a
                    collaboration of not fewer than two agencies
                    participating in the Initiative.
                        (C) A description of effects of newly-funded
                    projects by the Initiative.

        (c) Initiative Coordination Office.--
                (1) <<NOTE: President. Establishment.>>  In general.--The
            President shall establish an Initiative Coordination Office,
            with a Director and full-time staff, which shall--
                        (A) provide technical and administrative support to
                    the interagency committee and the advisory committee
                    established under subsection (a) and section 10404;
                        (B) serve as the point of contact on Federal
                    engineering biology activities for government
                    organizations, academia, industry, professional
                    societies, State governments, interested citizen groups,
                    and others to exchange technical and programmatic
                    information;
                        (C) oversee interagency coordination of the
                    Initiative, including by encouraging and supporting
                    joint agency solicitation and selection of applications
                    for funding of activities under the Initiative, as
                    appropriate;
                        (D) conduct public outreach, including dissemination
                    of findings and recommendations of the advisory
                    committee, as appropriate;
                        (E) serve as the coordinator of ethical, legal,
                    environmental, safety, security, and other appropriate
                    societal input; and

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1605]]

                        (F) promote access to, and early application of, the
                    technologies, innovations, and expertise derived from
                    Initiative activities to agency missions and systems
                    across the Federal Government, and to United States
                    industry, including startup companies.
                (2) <<NOTE: Coordination. Time
            period. Update. Estimate. Summary.>>  Funding.--The Director of
            the Office of Science and Technology Policy, in coordination
            with each participating Federal department and agency, as
            appropriate, shall develop and annually update an estimate of
            the funds necessary to carry out the activities of the
            Initiative Coordination Office and submit such estimate with an
            agreed summary of contributions from each agency to Congress as
            part of the President's annual budget request to Congress.
                (3) <<NOTE: Time period.>>  Termination.--The Initiative
            Coordination Office established under this subsection shall
            terminate on the date that is 10 years after the date of the
            enactment of this Act.

        (d) Rule of Construction.--Nothing in this section may be construed
    to alter the policies, processes, or practices of individual Federal
    agencies in effect on the day before the date of the enactment of this
    Act relating to the conduct of biomedical research and advanced
    development, including the solicitation and review of extramural
    research proposals.
    SEC. 10404. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19134.>>  ADVISORY COMMITTEE ON
                                ENGINEERING BIOLOGY RESEARCH AND
                                DEVELOPMENT.

        (a) <<NOTE: Consultation.>>  In General.--The agency co-chair of the
    interagency committee established under section 10403 shall, in
    consultation with the Office of Science and Technology Policy, designate
    or establish an advisory committee on engineering biology research and
    development (in this section referred to as the ``advisory committee'')
    to be composed of not fewer than 12 members, including representatives
    of research and academic institutions, industry, and nongovernmental
    entities, who are qualified to provide advice on the Initiative.

        (b) Assessment.--The advisory committee shall assess the following:
                (1) The current state of United States competitiveness in
            engineering biology, including the scope and scale of United
            States investments in engineering biology research and
            development in the international context.
                (2) Current market barriers to commercialization of
            engineering biology products, processes, and tools in the United
            States.
                (3) Progress made in implementing the Initiative.
                (4) The need to revise the Initiative.
                (5) The balance of activities and funding across the
            Initiative.
                (6) Whether the strategic plan developed or updated by the
            interagency committee established under section 10403 is helping
            to maintain United States leadership in engineering biology.
                (7) Whether ethical, legal, environmental, safety, security,
            and other appropriate societal issues are adequately addressed
            by the Initiative.

        (c) <<NOTE: Time period.>>  Reports.--Beginning not later than two
    years after the date of the enactment of this Act and not less
    frequently than once every five years thereafter, the advisory committee
    shall

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1606]]

    submit to the President, the Committee on Science, Space, and
    Technology, the Committee on Energy and Commerce, and the Committee on
    Agriculture of the House of Representatives, and the Committee on
    Commerce, Science, and Transportation, the Committee on Health,
    Education, Labor, and Pensions, and the Committee on Agriculture,
    Nutrition, and Forestry of the Senate, a report on the following:
                (1) The findings of the advisory committee's assessment
            under subsection (b).
                (2) <<NOTE: Recommenda- tions.>>  The advisory committee's
            recommendations for ways to improve the Initiative.

        (d) Application of Federal Advisory Committee Act.--Section 14 of
    the Federal Advisory Committee Act (5 U.S.C. App.) shall not apply to
    the advisory committee.
        (e) <<NOTE: Time period.>>  Termination.--The advisory committee
    established under subsection (a) shall terminate on the date that is 10
    years after the date of the enactment of this Act.
    SEC. 10405. EXTERNAL REVIEW OF ETHICAL, LEGAL, ENVIRONMENTAL,
                                SAFETY, SECURITY, AND SOCIETAL ISSUES.

        (a) <<NOTE: Deadline. Contracts. Recommenda- tions.>>  In General.--
    Not later than six months after the date of enactment of this Act, the
    Director of the National Science Foundation shall seek to enter into an
    agreement with the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and
    Medicine to conduct a review, and make recommendations with respect to,
    the ethical, legal, environmental, safety, security, and other
    appropriate societal issues related to engineering biology research and
    development. The review shall include the following:
                (1) <<NOTE: Assessment.>>  An assessment of the current
            research on such issues.
                (2) A description of the research needs relating to such
            issues.
                (3) Recommendations on how the Initiative can address the
            research needs identified pursuant to paragraph (2).
                (4) Recommendations on how researchers engaged in
            engineering biology can best incorporate considerations of such
            issues into the development of research proposals and the
            conduct of research.

        (b) <<NOTE: Requirements.>>  Report to Congress.--The agreement
    entered into under subsection (a) shall require the National Academies
    of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine to, not later than two years
    after the date of the enactment of this Act--
                (1) submit to the Committee on Science, Space, and
            Technology and the Committee on Agriculture of the House of
            Representatives and the Committee on Commerce, Science, and
            Transportation and the Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and
            Forestry of the Senate a report containing the findings and
            recommendations of the review conducted under subsection (a);
            and
                (2) <<NOTE: Records. Public information. Web
            posting. Research and development. 42 USC 19135.>>  make a copy
            of such report available on a publicly accessible website.
    SEC. 10406. AGENCY ACTIVITIES.

        (a) National Science Foundation.--As part of the Initiative, the
    National Science Foundation shall carry out the following:
                (1) <<NOTE: Grants.>>  Support research in engineering
            biology and biomanufacturing through individual grants,
            collaborative grants, and through interdisciplinary research
            centers.

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1607]]

                (2) Support research on the environmental, legal, ethical,
            and social implications of engineering biology.
                (3) Provide support for research instrumentation, equipment,
            and cyberinfrastructure for engineering biology disciplines,
            including support for research, development, optimization, and
            validation of novel technologies to enable the dynamic study of
            molecular processes in situ.
                (4) Support curriculum development and research experiences
            for secondary, undergraduate, and graduate students in
            engineering biology and biomanufacturing, including through
            support for graduate fellowships and traineeships in engineering
            biology.
                (5) <<NOTE: Grants.>>  Award grants, on a competitive basis,
            to enable institutions to support graduate students and
            postdoctoral fellows who perform some of their engineering
            biology research in an industry setting.

        (b) Department of Commerce.--
                (1) National institute of standards and technology.--As part
            of the Initiative, the Director of the National Institute of
            Standards and Technology shall carry out the following:
                        (A) Advance the development of standard reference
                    materials and measurements, including to promote
                    interoperability between new component technologies and
                    processes for engineering biology and biomanufacturing
                    discovery, innovation, and production processes.
                        (B) Establish new data tools, techniques, and
                    processes necessary to advance engineering biology and
                    biomanufacturing.
                        (C) Provide access to user facilities with advanced
                    or unique equipment, services, materials, and other
                    resources to industry, institutions of higher education,
                    nonprofit organizations, and government agencies to
                    perform research and testing.
                        (D) Provide technical expertise to inform the
                    potential development of guidelines or safeguards for
                    new products, processes, and systems of engineering
                    biology.
                (2) National oceanic and atmospheric administration.--As
            part of the initiative, the Administrator of the National
            Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration shall carry out the
            following:
                        (A) Conduct and support research in omics and
                    associated bioinformatic sciences and develop tools and
                    products to improve ecosystem stewardship, monitoring,
                    management, assessments. and forecasts, consistent with
                    the mission of the agency.
                        (B) Collaborate with other agencies to understand
                    potential environmental threats and safeguards related
                    to engineering biology.

        (c) Department of Energy.--As part of the Initiative, the Secretary
    of Energy shall carry out the following:
                (1) Conduct and support research, development,
            demonstration, and commercial application activities in
            engineering biology, including in the areas of synthetic
            biology, advanced biofuel and bioproduct development, biobased
            materials, and environmental remediation.

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1608]]

                (2) Support the development, optimization and validation of
            novel, scalable tools and technologies to enable the dynamic
            study of molecular processes in situ.
                (3) Provide access to user facilities with advanced or
            unique equipment, services, materials, and other resources,
            including secure access to high-performance computing, as
            appropriate, to industry, institutions of higher education,
            nonprofit organizations, and government agencies to perform
            research and testing;.
                (4) Strengthen collaboration between the Office of Science
            and the Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Office to help
            transfer fundamental research results to industry and accelerate
            commercial applications.

        (d) Department of Defense.--As part of the Initiative, the Secretary
    of Defense shall carry out the following:
                (1) Conduct and support research and development in
            engineering biology and associated data and information
            sciences.
                (2) Support curriculum development and research experiences
            in engineering biology and associated data and information
            sciences across the military education system, including the
            service academies, professional military education, and military
            graduate education.
                (3) <<NOTE: Assessment.>>  Assess risks of potential
            national security and economic security threats relating to
            engineering biology.

        (e) National Aeronautics and Space Administration.--As part of the
    Initiative, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration shall
    carry out the following:
                (1) Conduct and support research in engineering biology,
            including in synthetic biology, and related to Earth and space
            sciences, aeronautics, space technology, and space exploration
            and experimentation, consistent with the priorities established
            in the National Academies' decadal surveys.
                (2) <<NOTE: Grants.>>  Award grants, on a competitive basis,
            that enable institutions to support graduate students and
            postdoctoral fellows who perform some of their engineering
            biology research in an industry setting.

        (f) Department of Agriculture.--As part of the Initiative, the
    Secretary of Agriculture shall support research and development in
    engineering biology through the Agricultural Research Service, the
    National Institute of Food and Agriculture programs and grants, and the
    Office of the Chief Scientist.
        (g) Environmental Protection Agency.--As part of the Initiative, the
    Environmental Protection Agency shall support research on how products,
    processes, and systems of engineering biology will affect or can protect
    the environment.
        (h) Department of Health and Human Services.--As part of the
    Initiative, the Secretary of Health and Human Services, as appropriate
    and consistent with activities of the Department of Health and Human
    Services in effect on the day before the date of the enactment of this
    Act, shall carry out the following:
                (1) Support research and development to advance the
            understanding and application of engineering biology for human
            health.
                (2) Support relevant interdisciplinary research and
            coordination.

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1609]]

                (3) Support activities necessary to facilitate oversight of
            relevant emerging biotechnologies.
    SEC. 10407. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19136.>>  RULE OF CONSTRUCTION.

        Nothing in this title may be construed to require public disclosure
    of information that is exempt from mandatory disclosure under section
    552 of title 5, United States Code.

                  TITLE V--BROADENING PARTICIPATION IN SCIENCE

                         Subtitle A--STEM Opportunities

    SEC. 10501. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19151.>>  FEDERAL RESEARCH AGENCY
                                POLICIES FOR CAREGIVERS.

        (a) OSTP Guidance. <<NOTE: Deadline. Consultation.>> --Not later
    than 12 months after the date of the enactment of this Act, the
    Director, in consultation with the heads of relevant agencies, shall
    provide guidance to each Federal research agency to establish policies
    that--
                (1) <<NOTE: Applicability.>>  apply to all--
                        (A) research awards granted by such agency; and
                        (B) principal investigators of such research and
                    their trainees, including postdoctoral researchers and
                    graduate students, who have caregiving responsibilities,
                    including care for a newborn or newly adopted child and
                    care for an immediate family member who has a disability
                    or a serious health condition; and
                (2) provide, to the extent feasible--
                        (A) flexibility in timing for the initiation of
                    approved research awards granted by such agency;
                        (B) no-cost extensions of such research awards;
                        (C) award supplements, as appropriate, to research
                    awards to sustain research activities conducted under
                    such awards; and
                        (D) any other appropriate accommodations at the
                    discretion of the director of each such agency.

        (b) Uniformity of Guidance.--In providing guidance under subsection
    (a), the Director shall encourage uniformity, to the extent practicable,
    and consistency in the policies established pursuant to such guidance
    across all Federal research agencies.
        (c) Establishment of Policies.--Consistent, to the extent
    practicable, with the guidance under subsection (a), Federal research
    agencies shall--
                (1) maintain or develop and implement policies for
            individuals described in paragraph (1)(B) of such subsection;
            and
                (2) broadly disseminate in easily accessible formats such
            policies to current and potential award recipients.

        (d) Data on Usage.--Federal research agencies shall consider--
                (1) collecting data, including demographic data that can be
            disaggregated by sex, geographic location, and socioeconomic
            indicators, which may include employment status, occupation,
            educational attainment, parental education, and income, on the
            usage of the policies under subsection (c), at both institutions
            of higher education and Federal laboratories; and

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1610]]

                (2) <<NOTE: Time period.>>  reporting such data on an annual
            basis to the Director in such form as required by the Director.
    SEC. 10502. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19152.>>  COLLECTION AND REPORTING OF
                                DATA ON FEDERAL RESEARCH AWARDS.

        (a) Collection of Data.--
                (1) In general.--Each Federal research agency shall collect,
            as practicable, with respect to all applications for merit-
            reviewed research and development awards made by such agency,
            standardized record-level annual information on demographics,
            primary field, award type, institution type, review rating,
            budget request, funding outcome, and awarded budget.
                (2) <<NOTE: Consultation.>>  Uniformity and
            standardization.--The Director, in consultation with the heads
            of each Federal research agency, shall establish, and update as
            necessary, a policy to ensure uniformity and standardization of
            the data collection required under paragraph (1).
                (3) Record-level data.--
                        (A) <<NOTE: Deadline. Time period.>>  Requirement.--
                    Beginning not later than two years after the issuance of
                    the policy under paragraph (2) to Federal research
                    agencies, and on an annual basis thereafter, each
                    Federal research agency shall submit to the National
                    Center for Science and Engineering Statistics record-
                    level data collected under paragraph (1) in the form
                    required by the Director of the National Science
                    Foundation.
                        (B) Previous data.--As part of the first submission
                    under subparagraph (A), each Federal research agency, to
                    the extent practicable, shall also submit comparable
                    record-level data, if it is available to the agency, for
                    the five years preceding the date of such submission, or
                    an analysis for why such data cannot be provided.

        (b) <<NOTE: Publication.>>  Reporting of Data.--The Director of the
    National Science Foundation shall publish statistical summary data, as
    practicable, collected under this section, disaggregated and cross-
    tabulated by race, ethnicity, sex, socioeconomic indicators, which may
    include employment status, occupation, educational attainment, parental
    education, and income, geographic location, and years since completion
    of doctoral degree, including in conjunction with the National Science
    Foundation's report required by section 37 of the Science and
    Engineering Equal Opportunities Act (42 U.S.C. 1885d; Public Law 96-
    516).
    SEC. 10503. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19153.>>  POLICIES FOR REVIEW OF
                                FEDERAL RESEARCH AWARDS.

        (a) Assessment of Policies.--Federal research agencies shall
    regularly assess, and update as necessary, policies, and practices to
    remove or reduce cultural and institutional barriers limiting the
    recruitment, retention, and success of groups historically
    underrepresented in STEM research careers, including policies and
    practices relevant to the unbiased review of Federal research
    applications.
        (b) Considerations and Activities.--In carrying out the requirements
    under subsection (a), Federal research agencies shall--
                (1) review current levels of participation of groups
            historically underrepresented in STEM in peer-review panels and
            consider approaches for expanding their participation;

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1611]]

                (2) <<NOTE: Analysis.>>  analyze the data collected under
            section 10502, including funding rates of proposals from all
            groups, including those historically underrepresented in STEM;
                (3) collect and disseminate best practices to remove or
            reduce cultural and institutional barriers limiting the
            recruitment, retention, and success of groups historically
            underrepresented in STEM research careers; and
                (4) implement evidence-based policies and practices to
            achieve the goals of this section.
    SEC. 10504. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19154.>>  COLLECTION OF DATA ON
                                DEMOGRAPHICS OF FACULTY.

        (a) Collection of Data.--
                (1) <<NOTE: Deadline. Time period. Survey.>>  In general.--
            Not later than 5 years after the date of the enactment of this
            Act and at least every five years thereafter, the Director of
            the National Science Foundation shall carry out a survey to
            collect data from award recipients on the demographics of STEM
            faculty, by broad fields of STEM, at different types of
            institutions of higher education that receive Federal research
            funding.
                (2) Survey considerations.--To the extent practicable, the
            Director of the National Science Foundation shall survey, by
            sex, race, socioeconomic indicators, which may include
            employment status, occupation, educational attainment, parental
            education, and income, geographic location, ethnicity,
            citizenship status, and years since completion of doctoral
            degree--
                        (A) the number and percentage of faculty;
                        (B) the number and percentage of faculty at each
                    rank;
                        (C) the number and percentage of faculty who are in
                    nontenure-track positions, including teaching and
                    research;
                        (D) the number and percentage of faculty who are
                    reviewed for promotion, including tenure, and the
                    percentage of that number who are promoted, including
                    being awarded tenure;
                        (E) faculty years in rank;
                        (F) the number and percentage of faculty to leave
                    tenure-track positions;
                        (G) the number and percentage of faculty hired, by
                    rank; and
                        (H) the number and percentage of faculty in
                    leadership positions.

        (b) Existing Surveys.--The Director of the National Science
    Foundation, may, in modifying or expanding existing Federal surveys of
    higher education (as necessary)--
                (1) take into account the considerations under subsection
            (a)(2) by collaborating with statistical centers at other
            Federal agencies; or
                (2) make an award to an institution of higher education or
            nonprofit organization (or consortia thereof) to take such
            considerations into account.

        (c) <<NOTE: Publication.>>  Reporting Data.--The Director of the
    National Science Foundation shall publish statistical summary data
    collected under this section, including as part of the National Science
    Foundation's report required by section 37 of the Science and
    Engineering Equal Opportunities Act (42 U.S.C. 1885d; Public Law 96-
    516).

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1612]]

        (d) <<NOTE: Time period.>>  Authorization of Appropriations.--There
    are authorized to be appropriated to the Director of the National
    Science Foundation $4,000,000 in each of fiscal years 2023 through 2025
    to develop and carry out the initial survey required under subsection
    (a).
    SEC. 10505. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19155.>>  CULTURAL AND INSTITUTIONAL
                                BARRIERS TO EXPANDING THE ACADEMIC AND
                                FEDERAL STEM WORKFORCE.

        (a) Best Practices.--
                (1) <<NOTE: Deadline. Consultation.>>  Development of
            guidance.--Not later than 12 months after the date of enactment
            of this Act, the Director, in consultation with the interagency
            working group on inclusion in STEM and utilizing existing
            guidance already developed by Federal research agencies where
            applicable, shall broadly disseminate to entities that receive
            Federal research funding best practices for--
                        (A) <<NOTE: Surveys.>>  conducting periodic climate
                    surveys of STEM departments and divisions, with a
                    particular focus on identifying and addressing any
                    cultural or institutional barriers to the recruitment,
                    retention, or advancement of groups historically
                    underrepresented in STEM studies and careers; and
                        (B) providing educational opportunities, including
                    workshops, for STEM professionals to learn about current
                    research on effective practices for unbiased
                    recruitment, evaluation, and promotion of undergraduate
                    and graduate students and research personnel.
                (2) <<NOTE: Deadline. Reports.>>  Establishment of
            policies.--Consistent with the guidance developed under
            paragraph (1)--
                        (A) <<NOTE: Consultation.>>  The Director of the
                    National Science Foundation, in consultation with the
                    heads of Federal research agencies, shall develop a
                    policy that--
                              (i) <<NOTE: Applicability.>>  applies to, at a
                          minimum, doctoral degree granting institutions
                          that receive Federal research funding; and
                              (ii) <<NOTE: Requirement.>>  requires each
                          such institution, not later than 3 years after the
                          date of enactment of this Act, and to the extent
                          practicable, to report to the Director of the
                          National Science Foundation on activities and
                          policies developed and implemented based on the
                          guidance disseminated under paragraph (1); and
                        (B) each Federal research agency with a Federal
                    laboratory shall maintain or develop and implement
                    practices and policies for the purposes described in
                    paragraph (1) for such laboratory and, not later than
                    three years after the date of the enactment of this Act,
                    each Federal laboratory shall report to the head of such
                    agency on such practices and policies.

        (b) Report to Congress.--Not later than four years after the date of
    the enactment of this Act, the Director of the National Science
    Foundation shall submit a report to Congress that includes a summary and
    analysis of the types and frequency of activities and policies developed
    and carried out under subsection (a) based on the reports submitted
    under paragraph (2) of such subsection.
    SEC. 10506. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19156.>>  EXISTING ACTIVITIES.

         A Federal research agency may satisfy requirements under this
    subtitle through activities and programs in existence as of the date of
    the enactment of this Act.

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1613]]

    SEC. 10507. REPORT TO CONGRESS.

        Not later than four years after the date of the enactment of this
    Act, the Director shall submit to Congress a report that includes the
    following:
                (1) A description and evaluation of the status and usage of
            policies implemented pursuant to section 10505 at all Federal
            research agencies, including any recommendations for revising or
            expanding such policies.
                (2) With respect to efforts to remove or reduce cultural and
            institutional barriers limiting the recruitment, retention, and
            success of groups historically underrepresented in academic and
            government STEM research careers under section 10505--
                        (A) what steps all Federal research agencies have
                    taken to implement policies and practices to further
                    such efforts;
                        (B) a description of any significant updates to the
                    policies for review of Federal research awards required
                    under such section; and
                        (C) any evidence of the impact of such policies on
                    the review or awarding of Federal research awards; and
                (3) A description and evaluation of the status of
            institution of higher education and Federal laboratory policies
            and practices required under section 10505, including any
            recommendations for revising or expanding such policies.
    SEC. 10508. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19157.>>  MERIT REVIEW.

        Nothing in this subtitle may be construed as altering any
    intellectual or broader impacts criteria at Federal research agencies
    for evaluating award applications.
    SEC. 10509. DETERMINATION OF BUDGETARY EFFECTS.

        The budgetary effects of this subtitle, for the purpose of complying
    with the Statutory Pay-As-You-Go Act of 2010, shall be determined by
    reference to the latest statement titled ``Budgetary Effects of PAYGO
    Legislation'' for this subtitle, submitted for printing in the
    Congressional Record by the Chairman of the House Budget Committee,
    provided that such statement has been submitted prior to the vote on
    passage.
    SEC. 10510. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19158.>>  DEFINITION.

        In this subtitle, the term ``Director'' means the Director of the
    Office of Science and Technology Policy.

                    Subtitle B--Rural STEM Education Research

    SEC. 10511. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19171.>>  DEFINITION.

        In this subtitle, the term ``Director'' means the Director of the
    National Science Foundation.
    SEC. 10512. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19172.>>  NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION
                                RURAL STEM ACTIVITIES.

        (a) Preparing Rural STEM Educators.--
                (1) In general.--The Director shall make awards on a merit-
            reviewed, competitive basis to institutions of higher education
            or nonprofit organizations (or a consortium thereof) for
            research and development activities to advance innovative

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1614]]

            approaches to support and sustain high-quality STEM teaching in
            rural schools.
                (2) Use of funds.--
                        (A) In general.--Awards made under this subsection
                    shall be used for the research and development
                    activities referred to in paragraph (1), which may
                    include--
                              (i) engaging rural educators, principals, or
                          other school leaders of students in
                          prekindergarten through grade 12 in professional
                          learning opportunities to enhance STEM knowledge,
                          including computer science, and develop best
                          practices;
                              (ii) supporting research on effective STEM
                          teaching and school leadership practices in rural
                          settings, including the use of rubrics and
                          mastery- based grading practices to assess student
                          performance when employing the transdisciplinary
                          teaching approach for STEM disciplines;
                              (iii) designing and developing pre-service and
                          in-service training resources to assist such rural
                          educators, principals, and other school leaders in
                          adopting transdisciplinary teaching practices
                          across STEM courses;
                              (iv) coordinating with local partners to adapt
                          STEM teaching practices to leverage local,
                          natural, and community assets in order to support
                          in-place learning in rural areas;
                              (v) providing hands-on training and research
                          opportunities for rural educators described in
                          clause (i) at Federal laboratories or institutions
                          of higher education, or in industry;
                              (vi) developing training and best practices
                          for educators who teach multiple grade levels
                          within a STEM discipline;
                              (vii) designing and implementing professional
                          development courses and experiences, including
                          mentoring, for rural educators, principals, and
                          other school leaders described in clause (i) that
                          combine face-to-face and online experiences; and
                              (viii) any other activity the Director
                          determines will accomplish the goals of this
                          paragraph.
                        (B) Rural stem collaborative.--The Director shall
                    establish a pilot program of regional cohorts in rural
                    areas that will provide peer support, mentoring, and
                    hands-on research experiences for rural STEM educators,
                    principals, and other school leaders of students in
                    prekindergarten through grade 12, in order to build an
                    ecosystem of cooperation among educators, principals,
                    other school leaders, researchers, academia, and local
                    industry.

        (b) Broadening Participation of Rural Students in STEM.--
                (1) In general.--The Director shall make awards on a merit-
            reviewed, competitive basis to institutions of higher education
            or nonprofit organizations (or a consortium thereof) for--
                        (A) research and development of programming to
                    identify the barriers rural students face in accessing
                    high-quality STEM education; and

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1615]]

                        (B) development of innovative solutions to improve
                    the participation and advancement of rural students in
                    prekindergarten through grade 12 in STEM studies.
                (2) Use of funds.--
                        (A) In general.--Awards made under this subsection
                    shall be used for the research and development
                    activities referred to in paragraph (1), which may
                    include--
                              (i) developing partnerships with community
                          colleges to offer advanced STEM course work,
                          including computer science, to rural high school
                          students;
                              (ii) supporting research on effective STEM
                          practices in rural settings;
                              (iii) implementing a school-wide STEM
                          approach, including preparation and support for
                          principals and other school leaders;
                              (iv) improving the Foundation's Advanced
                          Technology Education program's coordination and
                          engagement with rural communities;
                              (v) collaborating with existing community
                          partners and networks, such as the Cooperative
                          Extension System services and extramural research
                          programs of the Department of Agriculture and
                          youth serving organizations like 4-H, after school
                          STEM programs, and summer STEM programs, to
                          leverage community resources and develop place-
                          based programming;
                              (vi) connecting rural school districts and
                          institutions of higher education, to improve
                          precollegiate STEM education and engagement;
                              (vii) supporting partnerships that offer
                          hands- on inquiry-based science activities,
                          including coding, and access to lab resources for
                          students studying STEM in prekindergarten through
                          grade 12 in a rural area;
                              (viii) evaluating the role of broadband
                          connectivity and its associated impact on the STEM
                          and technology literacy of rural students;
                              (ix) building capacity to support
                          extracurricular STEM programs in rural schools,
                          including mentor-led engagement programs, STEM
                          programs held during non-school hours, STEM
                          networks, makerspaces, coding activities, and
                          competitions;
                              (x) creating partnerships with local
                          industries and local educational agencies to
                          tailor STEM curricula and educational experiences
                          to the needs of a particular local or regional
                          economy; and
                              (xi) any other activity the Director
                          determines will accomplish the goals of this
                          paragraph.

        (c) Application.--An applicant seeking an award under subsection (a)
    or (b) shall submit an application at such time, in such manner, and
    containing such information as the Director may require. The application
    may include the following:
                (1) A description of the target population to be served by
            the research activity or activities for which such award is
            sought.
                (2) A description of the process for recruitment and
            selection of students, educators, principals, and other school
            leaders, or schools from rural areas to participate in such
            activity or activities.

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1616]]

                (3) A description of how such activity or activities may
            inform efforts to promote the engagement and achievement of
            rural students in prekindergarten through grade 12 in STEM
            studies.
                (4) In the case of a proposal consisting of a partnership or
            partnerships with one or more rural schools and one or more
            researchers, a plan for establishing a sustained partnership
            that is jointly developed and managed, draws from the capacities
            of each partner, and is mutually beneficial.

        (d) Partnerships.--In making awards under subsection (a) or (b), the
    Director shall--
                (1) encourage applicants which, for the purpose of the
            activity or activities funded through the award, include or
            partner with a nonprofit organization or an institution of
            higher education (or a consortium thereof) that has extensive
            experience and expertise in increasing the participation of
            rural students in prekindergarten through grade 12 in STEM;
                (2) encourage applicants which, for the purpose of the
            activity or activities funded through the award, include or
            partner with a consortium of rural schools or rural school
            districts; and
                (3) encourage applications which, for the purpose of the
            activity or activities funded through the award, include
            commitments from school principals, other school leaders, and
            administrators to making reforms and activities proposed by the
            applicant a priority.

        (e) <<NOTE: Plan.>>  Evaluations.--All proposals for awards under
    subsections (a) and (b) shall include an evaluation plan that includes
    the use of outcome-oriented measures to assess the impact and efficacy
    of the award. Each recipient of an award under this subsection shall
    include results from these evaluative activities in annual and final
    projects.

        (f) Accountability and Dissemination.--
                (1) Evaluation required.--The Director shall evaluate the
            portfolio of awards made under subsections (a) and (b). Such
            evaluation shall--
                        (A) use a common set of benchmarks and tools to
                    assess the results of research conducted under such
                    awards and identify best practices; and
                        (B) to the extent practicable, integrate the
                    findings of research resulting from the activity or
                    activities funded through such awards with the findings
                    of other research on rural students' pursuit of degrees
                    or careers in STEM.
                (2) <<NOTE: Public information.>>  Report on evaluations.--
            Not later than 180 days after the completion of the evaluation
            under paragraph (1), the Director shall submit to Congress and
            make widely available to the public a report that includes--
                        (A) the results of the evaluation; and
                        (B) <<NOTE: Recommenda- tions.>>  any
                    recommendations for administrative and legislative
                    action that could optimize the effectiveness of the
                    awards made under this subsection.

        (g) <<NOTE: Consultation. Assessments.>>  Report by Committee on
    Equal Opportunities in Science and Engineering.--As part of the first
    report required by section 36(e) of the Science and Engineering Equal
    Opportunities Act (42 U.S.C. 1885c(e)) transmitted to Congress after the
    date of enactment of this division, the Committee on Equal Opportunities

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1617]]

    in Science and Engineering, in consultation with the Chief Diversity
    Officer of the National Science Foundation, shall include--
                (1) a description of past and present policies and
            activities of the Foundation to encourage full participation of
            students in rural communities in science, mathematics,
            engineering, and computer science fields;
                (2) an assessment of trends in participation of rural
            students in prekindergarten through grade 12 in Foundation
            activities; and
                (3) an assessment of the policies and activities of the
            Foundation, along with proposals for new strategies or the
            broadening of existing successful strategies towards
            facilitating the goal of increasing participation of rural
            students in prekindergarten through grade 12 in Foundation
            activities.

        (h) Coordination.--In carrying out this subsection, the Director
    shall, for purposes of enhancing program effectiveness and avoiding
    duplication of activities, consult, cooperate, and coordinate with the
    programs and policies of other relevant Federal agencies.
        (i) <<NOTE: Time period.>>  Authorization of Appropriations.--There
    are authorized to be appropriated to the Director--
                (1) $8,000,000 to carry out the activities under subsection
            (a) for each of fiscal years 2023 through 2027; and
                (2) $12,000,000 to carry out the activities under subsection
            (b) for each of fiscal years 2023 through 2027.
    SEC. 10513. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19173.>>  OPPORTUNITIES FOR ONLINE
                                EDUCATION.

        (a) In General.--The Director shall make competitive awards to
    institutions of higher education or nonprofit organizations (or a
    consortium thereof, which may include a private sector partner) to
    conduct research on online STEM education courses for rural communities.
        (b) Research Areas.--The research areas eligible for funding under
    this subsection shall include--
                (1) evaluating the learning and achievement of rural
            students in prekindergarten through grade 12 in STEM subjects;
                (2) understanding how computer-based and online professional
            development courses and mentor experiences can be integrated to
            meet the needs of educators, principals, and other school
            leaders of rural students in prekindergarten through grade 12;
                (3) combining computer-based and online STEM education and
            training with mentoring and other applied learning arrangements;
                (4) leveraging online programs to supplement STEM studies
            for rural students that need physical and academic
            accommodation; and
                (5) any other activity the Director determines will
            accomplish the goals of this subsection.

        (c) <<NOTE: Plan.>>  Evaluations.--All proposals for awards under
    this section shall include an evaluation plan that includes the use of
    outcome-oriented measures to assess the impact and efficacy of the
    award. Each recipient of an award under this subsection shall include
    results from these evaluative activities in annual and final projects.

        (d) Accountability and Dissemination.--

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1618]]

                (1) Evaluation required.--The Director shall evaluate the
            portfolio of awards made under this subsection. Such evaluation
            shall--
                        (A) use a common set of benchmarks and tools to
                    assess the results of research conducted under such
                    awards and identify best practices; and
                        (B) to the extent practicable, integrate findings
                    from activities carried out pursuant to research
                    conducted under this section, with respect to the
                    pursuit of careers and degrees in STEM, with those
                    activities carried out pursuant to other research on
                    serving rural students and communities.
                (2) <<NOTE: Public information.>>  Report on evaluations.--
            Not later than 180 days after the completion of the evaluation
            under paragraph (1), the Director shall submit to Congress and
            make widely available to the public a report that includes--
                        (A) the results of the evaluation; and
                        (B) <<NOTE: Recommenda- tions.>>  any
                    recommendations for administrative and legislative
                    action that could optimize the effectiveness of the
                    awards made under this section.

        (e) <<NOTE: Consultation.>>  Coordination.--In carrying out this
    section, the Director shall, for purposes of enhancing program
    effectiveness and avoiding duplication of activities, consult,
    cooperate, and coordinate with the programs and policies of other
    relevant Federal agencies.
    SEC. 10514. <<NOTE: Recommenda- tions.>>  NATIONAL ACADEMIES
                                EVALUATION.

        (a) <<NOTE: Deadline. Contracts. Assessment.>>  Study.--Not later
    than 12 months after the date of enactment of this division, the
    Director shall enter into an agreement with the National Academies under
    which the National Academies agree to conduct an evaluation and
    assessment that--
                (1) evaluates the quality and quantity of current Federal
            programming and research directed at examining STEM education
            for students in prekindergarten through grade 12 and workforce
            development in rural areas;
                (2) <<NOTE: Coordination.>>  in coordination with the
            Federal Communications Commission, assesses the impact that the
            scarcity of broadband connectivity in rural communities, and the
            affordability of broadband connectivity, have on STEM and
            technical literacy for students in prekindergarten through grade
            12 in rural areas;
                (3) assesses the core research and data needed to understand
            the challenges rural areas are facing in providing quality STEM
            education and workforce development;
                (4) makes recommendations for action at the Federal, State,
            and local levels for improving STEM education, including online
            STEM education, for students in prekindergarten through grade 12
            and workforce development in rural areas; and
                (5) makes recommendations to inform the implementation of
            programs in sections 10512 and 10513 (___-LOG262) and (___-
            LOG263).

        (b) <<NOTE: Requirement.>>  Report to Director.--The agreement
    entered into under subsection (a) shall require the National Academies,
    not later than 24 months after the date of enactment of this division,
    to submit to the Director a report on the study conducted under such
    paragraph, including the National Academies' findings and
    recommendations.

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1619]]

        (c) <<NOTE: Time period.>>  Authorization of Appropriations.--There
    are authorized to be appropriated to the Director to carry out this
    section $1,000,000 for fiscal year 2023.
    SEC. 10515. <<NOTE: Study. Reports. Assessments.>>  GAO REVIEW.

        Not later than 3 years after the date of enactment of this division,
    the Comptroller General of the United States shall conduct a study on
    the engagement of rural populations in Federal STEM education programs
    and submit to Congress a report that includes--
                (1) an assessment of how Federal STEM education programs are
            serving rural populations;
                (2) a description of initiatives carried out by Federal
            agencies that are targeted at supporting STEM education in rural
            areas;
                (3) an assessment of what is known about the impact and
            effectiveness of Federal investments in STEM education programs
            that are targeted to rural areas; and
                (4) an assessment of challenges that State and Federal STEM
            education programs face in reaching rural population centers.
    SEC. 10516. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19174.>>  NIST ENGAGEMENT WITH RURAL
                                COMMUNITIES.

        (a) Prize Competition.--Pursuant to section 24 of the Stevenson-
    Wydler Technology Innovation Act of 1980 (15 U.S.C. 3719), the Secretary
    of Commerce shall carry out a program to award prizes competitively to
    stimulate research and development of creative technologies to support
    the deployment of affordable and reliable broadband connectivity in
    rural communities, including unserved rural communities.
        (b) <<NOTE: Proposal.>>  Plan for Deployment in Rural Communities.--
    Each proposal submitted pursuant to subsection (a) shall include a
    proposed plan for deployment of the technology that is the subject of
    such proposal.

        (c) Prize Amount.--In carrying out the program under subsection (a),
    the Secretary may award not more than a total of $5,000,000 to one or
    more winners of the prize competition.
        (d) Report.--Not later than 60 days after the date on which a prize
    is awarded under the prize competition, the Secretary shall submit to
    the relevant committees of Congress a report that describes the winning
    proposal of the prize competition.
        (e) Consultation.--In carrying out the program under this section,
    the Secretary shall consult with the Federal Communications Commission
    and the heads of relevant departments and agencies of the Federal
    Government.

                        Subtitle C--MSI STEM Achievement

    SEC. 10521. GAO REVIEW.

        Not later <<NOTE: Deadline.>>  than three years after the date of
    the enactment of this Act, the Comptroller General of the United States
    shall report to Congress--
                (1) <<NOTE: Inventory.>>  an inventory of competitive
            funding programs and initiatives carried out by Federal research
            agencies that are targeted to HBCUs, TCUs, and MSIs or
            partnerships with HBCUs, TCUs, and MSIs;
                (2) <<NOTE: Assessment.>>  an assessment of Federal research
            agency outreach activities to increase the participation and
            competitiveness of

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1620]]

            HBCUs, TCUs, and MSIs in the funding programs and initiatives
            identified in paragraph (1); and
                (3) <<NOTE: Recommenda- tions.>>  recommendations of the
            Comptroller General to increase the participation of and the
            rate of success of HBCUs, TCUs, and MSIs in competitive funding
            programs offered by Federal research agencies.
    SEC. 10522. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19181.>>  AGENCY RESPONSIBILITIES.

        (a) In General.--In consultation with outside stakeholders and the
    heads of Federal research agencies and the Interagency Working Group on
    Inclusion in STEM, the Director of the Office of Science and Technology
    Policy shall develop a uniform set of policy guidelines for Federal
    research agencies to carry out a sustained program of outreach
    activities to increase clarity, transparency, and accountability for
    Federal research agency investments in STEM education and research
    activities at HBCUs, TCUs, and MSIs, including such institutions in
    rural areas.
        (b) Outreach Activities.--In developing policy guidelines under
    subsection (a) the Director of the Office of Science and Technology
    Policy shall include guidelines that require each Federal research
    agency--
                (1) to designate a liaison for HBCUs, TCUs, and MSIs
            responsible for--
                        (A) enhancing direct communication with HBCUs, TCUs,
                    and MSIs to increase the Federal research agency's
                    understanding of the capacity and needs of such
                    institutions and to raise awareness of available Federal
                    funding opportunities at such institutions;
                        (B) coordinating programs, activities, and
                    initiatives while accounting for the capacity and needs
                    of HBCUs, TCUs, and MSIs;
                        (C) tracking Federal research agency investments in
                    and engagement with HBCUs, TCUs, and MSIs; and
                        (D) reporting progress toward increasing
                    participation of HBCUs, TCUs, and MSIs in award
                    programs;
                (2) to the extent practicable, to produce an annual summary
            of funding opportunities and proposal deadlines targeted at
            HBCUs, TCUs, and MSIs, including for grants, contracts,
            subcontracts, and cooperative agreements;
                (3) to the extent practicable, identifying in annual budget
            requests potential areas for collaboration with HBCUs, TCUs, and
            MSIs in the relevant fiscal year, including relating to
            potential meetings and workshops;
                (4) to investigate proposal structures that support broader
            participation by emerging research institutions, including
            HBCUs, TCUs, and MSIs;
                (5) to conduct on-site reviews of research facilities at
            HBCUs, TCUs, and MSIs, as practicable, and make recommendations
            regarding strategies for becoming more competitive in research;
                (6) to hold geographically accessible or virtual workshops
            on research priorities of the Federal research agency and on how
            to write competitive award proposals and how to bolster award
            management capacity for the entire award lifecycle, from
            application to completion;
                (7) to ensure opportunities for HBCUs, TCUs, and MSIs to
            directly communicate with Federal research agency officials

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1621]]

            responsible for managing competitive award programs in order to
            receive feedback on research ideas and proposals, including
            guidance on the Federal research agency's merit review process;
            and
                (8) to foster mutually beneficial public-private
            collaboration among Federal research agencies, industry, Federal
            laboratories, academia, and nonprofit organizations to--
                        (A) identify alternative sources of funding for STEM
                    education and research at HBCUs, TCUs, and MSIs;
                        (B) provide access to high-quality, relevant
                    research experiences for students and faculty of HBCUs,
                    TCUs, and MSIs;
                        (C) expand the professional networks of students and
                    faculty of HBCUs, TCUs, and MSIs;
                        (D) broaden STEM educational opportunities for
                    students and faculty of HBCUs, TCUs, and MSIs; and
                        (E) support the transition of students of HBCUs,
                    TCUs, and MSIs into the STEM workforce;

        (c) Strategic Plan.--
                (1) <<NOTE: Reports.>>  In general.--Not later than one year
            after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Director of the
            Office of Science and Technology Policy, in collaboration with
            the head of each Federal research agency, shall submit to
            Congress a report containing a strategic plan which reflects the
            plans of each Federal research agency to increase the capacity
            of HBCUs, TCUs, and MSIs to compete effectively for grants,
            contracts, or cooperative agreements and to encourage HBCUs,
            TCUs, and MSIs to participate in Federal programs.
                (2) Considerations.--In developing a strategic plan under
            paragraph (1), the Director and the head of each Federal
            research agency shall consider the following:
                        (A) Issuing new or expanding existing funding
                    opportunities targeted to HBCUs, TCUs, and MSIs.
                        (B) Modifying existing research and development
                    program solicitations to incentivize effective
                    partnerships with HBCUs, TCUs, and MSIs.
                        (C) Offering planning grants for HBCUs, TCUs, and
                    MSIs to develop or equip grant offices with the
                    requisite depth of knowledge to submit competitive grant
                    proposals and manage awarded grants.
                        (D) Offering additional training programs, including
                    individualized and timely guidance to grant officers,
                    faculty, and postdoctoral researchers at HBCUs, TCUs,
                    and MSIs to ensure their understanding of the
                    requirements for an effective grant proposal.
                        (E) Other approaches for making current competitive
                    funding models more accessible for underresourced HBCUs,
                    TCUs, and MSIs.

        (d) Report on Policy Guidelines.--Not later than two years after the
    date of the enactment of this Act and every five years thereafter, the
    Director of the Office of Science and Technology Policy shall report to
    Congress on the implementation by Federal research agencies of the
    policy guidelines developed under this section.
        (e) Report on Coordination of Federal STEM Education.--Subsection
    (d) of section 101(d) of the America COMPETES Reauthorization Act of
    2010 (42 U.S.C. 6621) is amended--

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1622]]

                (1) in paragraph (7) by striking ``and'';
                (2) in paragraph (8) by striking the period at the end;
                (3) by adding at the end the following:
                ``(9) an account of Federal research agency investments in
            HBCUs, TCUs, and MSIs, including, to the degree practicable,
            data on the level of participation of HBCUs, TCUs, and MSIs as
            prime recipients, contractors, subrecipients, or subcontractors
            of an award, or reasonable estimates thereof; and
                ``(10) a description of material changes to the
            implementation of section 10522 of the Research and Development,
            Competition, and Innovation Act.''.
    SEC. 10523. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19182.>>  RESEARCH AT THE NATIONAL
                                SCIENCE FOUNDATION.

        (a) In General.--The Director shall make awards, on a competitive
    basis, to institutions of higher education or nonprofit organizations
    (or consortia thereof) to--
                (1) conduct research described in subsection (b) with
            respect to HBCUs, TCUs, and MSIs; and
                (2) identify and broadly disseminate effective models for
            programs and practices at HBCUs, TCUs, and MSIs that promote the
            education and workforce preparation of minority students
            pursuing STEM studies and careers in which such students are
            underrepresented.

        (b) Research.--Research described in this subsection is research on
    the contribution of HBCUs, TCUs, and MSIs to the education and training
    of underrepresented minority students in STEM fields and to the meeting
    of national STEM workforce needs, including relating to the following:
                (1) The diversity with respect to local context, cultural
            differences, and institutional structure among HBCUs, TCUs, and
            MSIs and any associated impact on education and research
            endeavors.
                (2) Effective practices at HBCUs, TCUs, and MSIs and
            associated outcomes on student recruitment, retention, and
            advancement in STEM fields, including the ability for students
            to compete for fellowships, employment, and advancement in the
            workforce.
                (3) Contributions made by HBCUs, TCUs, and MSIs to local,
            regional, and national workforces.
                (4) The challenges and opportunities for HBCUs, TCUs, and
            MSIs in attaining the resources needed for integrating effective
            practices in STEM education, including providing research
            experiences for underrepresented minority students.
                (5) The access of students at HBCUs, TCUs, and MSIs to STEM
            infrastructure and any associated outcomes for STEM competency.
                (6) Models of STEM curriculum, learning, and teaching
            successful at HBCUs, TCUs, and MSIs for increasing
            participation, retention, and success of underrepresented
            minority students.
                (7) Successful or promising partnerships between HBCUs,
            TCUs, and MSIs and other institutions of higher education,
            private sector and nonprofit organizations, Federal
            laboratories, and international research institutions.

        (c) Research Experiences.--Awards under this section may fund the
    development or expansion of opportunities for the exchange

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1623]]

    of students and faculty to conduct research, facilitate professional
    development, and provide mentorship, including through partnerships with
    institutions of higher education that are not HBCUs, TCUs, or MSIs,
    private sector and nonprofit organizations, Federal laboratories, and
    international research institutions.
    SEC. 10524. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19183.>>  CAPACITY-BUILDING PROGRAM FOR
                                DEVELOPING UNIVERSITIES.

        (a) Awards.--
                (1) In general.--The Director shall make awards, on a
            competitive basis, to eligible institutions described in
            subsection (b) to support the mission of the Foundation and to
            build institutional research capacity at eligible institutions.
                (2) Administration.--The Director may administer separate
            competitions for each category of eligible institution described
            in subparagraphs (A) through (C) of subsection (b)(1) in order
            to ensure fair competition for institutions with significantly
            different research capacities.

        (b) Eligible Institutions.--To be eligible to receive an award under
    this subsection, an entity--
                (1) shall be--
                        (A) a historically Black college or university;
                        (B) a Tribal College or University;
                        (C) a minority-serving institution;
                        (D) an institution of higher education with an
                    established STEM capacity-building program focused on
                    Native Hawaiians and Alaska Natives; or
                        (E) consortia thereof;
                (2) shall--
                        (A) have not more than $50,000,000 in annual
                    federally financed research and development expenditures
                    for science and engineering as reported through the
                    National Science Foundation Higher Education Research
                    and Development Survey; or
                        (B) not be an institution classified as having very
                    high research activity by the Carnegie Classification of
                    Institutions of Higher Education.

        (c) Partnerships.--In making awards under this section, the Director
    shall--
                (1) encourage entities that are consortia of eligible
            institutions to submit proposals and require such proposals to
            include a plan for establishing a sustained partnership that is
            jointly developed and managed, draws from the capacities of each
            institution, and is mutually beneficial;
                (2) encourage proposals submitted in partnership with the
            private sector, nonprofit organizations, Federal laboratories,
            and international research institutions, as appropriate;
                (3) require proposals described in paragraphs (1) and (2) to
            include a plan to strengthen the administrative and research
            capacity of the partnering HBCUs, TCUs, or MSIs to lead future
            proposals.

        (d) Very High Research Activity Status Historically Black Colleges
    and Universities Program.--Awards under this section may be used to
    enable HBCUs which have high research activity status to achieve very
    high research activity status, as classified under the Carnegie
    Classification of Institutions of Higher Education, by enabling--

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1624]]

                (1) faculty professional development;
                (2) stipends for graduate and undergraduate students, and
            postdoctoral scholars;
                (3) acquisition of laboratory equipment and instrumentation;
            and
                (4) other activities as necessary to build research
            capacity.

        (e) Proposals.--To receive an award under this subsection, an
    eligible institution shall submit an application to the Director at such
    time, in such manner, and containing such information as the Director
    may require, including--
                (1) <<NOTE: Plan.>>  a plan that describes how the eligible
            institution will establish or expand research office capacity
            and how such award would be used to--
                        (A) <<NOTE: Assessment.>>  conduct an assessment of
                    capacity-building and research infrastructure needs of
                    an eligible institution;
                        (B) enhance institutional resources to provide
                    administrative research development support to faculty
                    at an eligible institution;
                        (C) bolster the institutional research
                    competitiveness of an eligible institution to support
                    awards made by the Foundation;
                        (D) support the acquisition of instrumentation
                    necessary to build research capacity at an eligible
                    institution in research areas directly associated with
                    the Foundation;
                        (E) increase capability of an eligible institution
                    to move technology into the marketplace;
                        (F) increase engagement with industry to execute
                    research through the SBIR and STTR programs (as such
                    terms are defined in section 9(e) of the Small Business
                    Act (15 U.S.C. 638(e)) and direct contracts at an
                    eligible institution;
                        (G) enhance STEM curriculum and research training
                    opportunities at the undergraduate, graduate, and
                    postdoctoral levels at an eligible institution;
                        (H) further faculty development initiatives and
                    strengthen institutional research training
                    infrastructure, capacity, and competitiveness of an
                    eligible institution;
                        (I) address plans and prospects for long-term
                    sustainability of institutional enhancements at an
                    eligible institution resulting from the award including,
                    if applicable, how the award may be leveraged by an
                    eligible institution to build a broader base of support;
                    and
                        (J) develop and implement mechanisms for
                    institutions of higher education to partner with HBCUs,
                    TCUs, and MSIs on STEM education, including the
                    facilitation of student exchanges, course and resource
                    sharing, collaboration, and matriculation of students to
                    either institution's graduate programs, mentoring
                    programs for students and junior faculty, joint research
                    projects, and student access to graduate education; and
                (2) <<NOTE: Plan. Update. Time period.>>  as relevant, a
            plan, which shall be updated every three years, that describes
            the institution's strategy to achieve very high research
            activity status, including making investments with institutional
            and non-Federal funds, to achieve that status within a decade of
            the grant award, to the extent practicable.

        (f) MSI Centers of Innovation.--Awards under this section may fund
    the establishment of not more than five MSI Centers

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1625]]

    of Innovation to leverage successes of HBCUs, TCUs, and MSIs in STEM
    education and research training of underrepresented minority students as
    models for other institutions, including both HBCUs, TCUs, and MSIs and
    institutions of higher education that are not HBCUs, TCUs, or MSIs. Such
    centers will be located on campuses of selected HBCUs, TCUs, or MSIs,
    and serve as incubators to allow institutions of higher education to
    experiment, pilot, evaluate, and scale up promising practices.
        (g) <<NOTE: Time periods.>>  Awards.--Awards made under this
    subsection shall be for periods of three years and may be extended for
    periods of not more than five years.

        (h) <<NOTE: Time period.>>  Authorization of Appropriations.--There
    are authorized to be appropriated to the Director $200,000,000 for
    fiscal year 2023 and $250,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2024 through
    2027 to carry out the activities in this section and section 10523.

        (i) Report on Improving the Research Capacity at High Research
    Activity Historically Black Colleges and Universities.--
                (1) In general.--Not later than one year after the date of
            the enactment of this Act, the National Science and Technology
            Council shall prepare and submit a report that--
                        (A) identifies challenges and barriers to Federal
                    research and development awards for high research
                    activity status HBCUs; and
                        (B) <<NOTE: Recommenda- tions.>>  identifies
                    recommendations for Federal research agencies to
                    sustainably boost the research capacity of high research
                    activity status HBCUs through awards-making authorities.
                (2) <<NOTE: Determination.>>  Report submission.--The
            National Science and Technology Council shall transmit the
            report required under paragraph (1) to the Director, the
            Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space
            Administration, the Secretary of Agriculture, the Secretary of
            Commerce, the Secretary of Defense, the Secretary of Energy, the
            Secretary of Health and Human Services, and the heads of other
            such agencies as determined relevant by the National Science and
            Technology Council.
                (3) Information from federal agencies.--The National Science
            and Technology Council may secure directly from a Federal
            department or agency such information as the National Science
            and Technology Council considers necessary to prepare the report
            required under paragraph (1). Upon a request from the National
            Science and Technology Council, the head of a Federal department
            or agency shall furnish such information as is requested to the
            National Science and Technology Council.
    SEC. 10525. TRIBAL COLLEGES AND UNIVERSITIES PROGRAM.

        (a) Awards to Broaden Tribal College and University Student
    Participation in Computer Science.--Section 525 of the America COMPETES
    Reauthorization Act of 2010 (42 U.S.C. 1862p-13) is amended by adding at
    the end the following:
        ``(d) Awards to Broaden Tribal College and University Student
    Participation in Computer Science.--
                ``(1) In general.--The Director, as part of the program
            authorized under this section, shall make awards on a
            competitive, merit-reviewed basis to eligible entities to
            increase the participation of Tribal populations in computer
            science and computational thinking education programs to enable
            students

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1626]]

            to develop skills and competencies in coding, problem-solving,
            critical thinking, creativity and collaboration.
                ``(2) <<NOTE: Research and development.>>  Purpose.--Awards
            made under this subsection shall support--
                        ``(A) research and development needed to bring
                    computer science and computational thinking courses and
                    degrees to Tribal Colleges or Universities;
                        ``(B) research and development of instructional
                    materials needed to integrate computer science and
                    computational thinking into programs that are culturally
                    relevant to students attending Tribal Colleges or
                    Universities;
                        ``(C) research, development and evaluation of
                    distance education for computer science and
                    computational thinking courses and degree programs for
                    students attending Tribal Colleges and Universities; and
                        ``(D) other activities consistent with the
                    activities described in paragraphs (1) through (4) of
                    subsection (b), as determined by the Director.
                ``(3) Partnerships.--A Tribal College or University seeking
            an award under this subsection, or consortia thereof, may
            partner with an institution of higher education or nonprofit
            organization with demonstrated expertise in academic program
            development.
                ``(4) <<NOTE: Consultation.>>  Coordination.--In carrying
            out this subsection, the Director shall consult and cooperate
            with the programs and policies of other relevant Federal
            agencies to avoid duplication with and enhance the effectiveness
            of the program under this subsection.
                ``(5) <<NOTE: Time period.>>  Authorization of
            appropriations.--There are authorized to be appropriated to the
            Director $2,000,000 in each of fiscal years 2023 through 2027 to
            carry out this subsection.''.

        (b) Evaluation.--
                (1) <<NOTE: Deadline.>>  In general.--Not later than two
            years after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Director
            shall evaluate the award program authorized under section 525 of
            the America COMPETES Reauthorization Act of 2010 (42 U.S.C.
            1862p-13), as amended by subsection (a).
                (2) <<NOTE: Assessments.>>  Requirements.--In conducting the
            evaluation under paragraph (1), the Director shall, as
            practicable--
                        (A) use a common set of benchmarks and assessment
                    tools to identify best practices and materials developed
                    or demonstrated by the research conducted pursuant to
                    award programs under section 525 of the America COMPETES
                    Reauthorization Act of 2010 (42 U.S.C. 1862p-13), as
                    amended by subsection (a);
                        (B) include an assessment of the effectiveness of
                    such award programs in expanding access to high quality
                    STEM education, research, and outreach at Tribal
                    Colleges or Universities, as applicable;
                        (C) assess the number of students who participated
                    in such award programs; and
                        (D) assess the percentage of students participating
                    in such award programs who successfully complete their
                    education programs.
                (3) <<NOTE: Public information. Recommenda- tions.>>
            Report.--Not later than 180 days after the date on which the
            evaluation under paragraph (1) is completed, the

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1627]]

            Director shall submit to Congress and make available to the
            public, a report on the results of the evaluation, including any
            recommendations for legislative action that could optimize the
            effectiveness of the award program authorized under section 525
            of the America COMPETES Reauthorization Act of 2010, as amended
            by subsection (a).
    SEC. 10526. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19184.>>  DEFINITIONS.

        In this subtitle:
                (1) Director.--The term ``Director'' means the Director of
            the National Science Foundation.
                (2) HBCU.--The term ``HBCU'' has the meaning given the term
            ``part B institution'' in section 322 of the Higher Education
            Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1061).
                (3) Minority serving institution.--The term ``minority
            serving institution'' or ``MSI'' means Hispanic-Serving
            Institutions as defined in section 502 of the Higher Education
            Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1101a); Alaska Native Serving
            Institutions and Native Hawaiian-Serving Institutions as defined
            in section 317 of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C.
            1059d); and Predominantly Black Institutions, Asian American and
            Native American Pacific Islander-Serving Institutions, and
            Native American-Serving Nontribal Institutions as defined in
            section 371 of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C.
            1067q(c)).
                (4) TCU.--The term ``TCU'' has the meaning given the term
            ``Tribal College or University'' in section 316 of the Higher
            Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1059c).

               Subtitle D--Combating Sexual Harassment in Science

    SEC. 10531. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19191.>>  FINDINGS.

        Congress makes the following findings:
                (1) According to the report issued by the National Academies
            of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine in 2018 entitled ``Sexual
            Harassment of Women: Climate, Culture, and Consequences in
            Academic Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine''--
                        (A) sexual harassment is pervasive in institutions
                    of higher education;
                        (B) the most common type of sexual harassment is
                    gender harassment;
                        (C) 58 percent of individuals in the academic
                    workplace experience sexual harassment, the second
                    highest rate when compared to the military, the private
                    sector, and Federal, State, and local government;
                        (D) women who are members of racial or ethnic
                    minority groups are more likely to experience sexual
                    harassment and to feel unsafe at work than White women,
                    White men, or men who are members of such groups;
                        (E) the training for each individual who has a
                    Doctor of Philosophy in the science, technology,
                    engineering, and mathematics fields is estimated to cost
                    approximately $500,000; and
                        (F) attrition of an individual so trained results in
                    a loss of talent and money.

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1628]]

                (2) According to a 2017 University of Illinois study, among
            astronomers and planetary scientists, 18 percent of women who
            are members of racial or ethnic minority groups and 12 percent
            of White women skipped professional events because they did not
            feel safe attending.
                (3) Reporting procedures with respect to sexual harassment
            are inconsistent among Federal research agencies and have
            varying degrees of accessibility.
                (4) There is not adequate communication among Federal
            research agencies and between such agencies and recipients
            regarding reports of sexual harassment, which has resulted in
            harassers receiving Federal funding after moving to a different
            institution.
    SEC. 10532. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19192.>> PURPOSE.

        The purpose of this subtitle is to increase understanding of the
    causes and consequences of sex-based and sexual harassment, as discussed
    in the report issued by the National Academies in 2018 entitled ``Sexual
    Harassment of Women: Climate, Culture, and Consequences in Academic
    Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine'', and to advance evidence-based
    approaches to reduce the prevalence and negative impact of such
    harassment.
    SEC. 10533. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19193.>>  DEFINITION.

        In this subtitle, the term ``Director'' means the Director of the
    National Science Foundation.
    SEC. 10534. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19194.>> RESEARCH AWARDS.

        (a) In General.--The Director shall make awards, on a competitive
    basis, to institutions of higher education or nonprofit organizations
    (or consortia of such institutions or organizations)--
                (1) to expand research efforts to better understand the
            factors contributing to, and consequences of, sex-based and
            sexual harassment affecting individuals in the STEM workforce,
            including students and trainees; and
                (2) <<NOTE: Examination.>>  to examine approaches to reduce
            the incidence and negative consequences of such harassment.

        (b) Use of Funds.--Activities funded by an award under this section
    may include--
                (1) research on the sex-based and sexual harassment
            experiences of individuals, including in racial and ethnic
            minority groups, disabled individuals, foreign nationals,
            sexual-minority individuals, and others;
                (2) <<NOTE: Assessments.>>  development and assessment of
            policies, procedures, trainings, and interventions, with respect
            to sex-based and sexual harassment, conflict management, and
            ways to foster respectful and inclusive climates;
                (3) research on approaches for remediating the negative
            impacts and outcomes of such harassment on individuals
            experiencing such harassment;
                (4) support for institutions of higher education or
            nonprofit organizations to develop, adapt, implement, and assess
            the impact of innovative, evidence-based strategies, policies,
            and approaches to policy implementation to prevent and address
            sex-based and sexual harassment;
                (5) research on alternatives to the power dynamics,
            hierarchical, and dependent relationships, including but not
            limited to the mentor-mentee relationship, in academia that have
            been

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1629]]

            shown to create higher levels of risk for and lower levels of
            reporting of sex- based and sexual harassment; and
                (6) establishing a center for the ongoing compilation,
            management, and analysis of organizational climate survey data.
    SEC. 10535. RESPONSIBLE CONDUCT GUIDE.

        (a) <<NOTE: Contracts. Reports. Update. Standards.>>  In General.--
    Not later than 180 days after the date of enactment of this Act, the
    Director shall enter into an agreement with the National Academies to
    update the report entitled ``On Being a Scientist: A Guide to
    Responsible Conduct in Research'' issued by the National Academies. The
    report, as so updated, shall include--
                (1) updated professional standards of conduct in research;
                (2) promising practices for preventing, addressing, and
            mitigating the negative impact of sex-based and sexual
            harassment, to include--
                        (A) standards of treatment individuals can expect to
                    receive under updated standards of conduct;
                        (B) evidence-based practices for fostering a climate
                    intolerant of sex-based, sexual, and other forms of
                    harassment;
                        (C) methods, including bystander intervention, for
                    identifying and addressing incidents of such harassment;
                    and
                        (D) professional standards for mentorship and
                    teaching with an emphasis on power diffusion mechanisms
                    and preventing such harassment; and
                (3) promising practices for mitigating potential security
            risks that threaten research security.

        (b) Report.--Not later than 18 months after the effective date of
    the agreement under subsection (a), the National Academies, as part of
    such agreement, shall submit to the Director and the Committee on
    Science, Space, and Technology of the House of Representatives and the
    Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation of the Senate the
    report referred to in such subparagraph, as updated pursuant to such
    subparagraph.
    SEC. 10536. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19195.>> INTERAGENCY WORKING GROUP.

        (a) <<NOTE: Establishment.>>  In General.--The Director of the
    Office of Science and Technology Policy, acting through the National
    Science and Technology Council, shall establish or designate an
    interagency working group for the purpose of coordinating Federal
    research agency efforts to reduce the prevalence of sex-based and sexual
    harassment involving award personnel. In
    coordination <<NOTE: Coordination. Consultation. Deadlines.>> with the
    working group on inclusion in STEM fields established under section 308
    of the American Innovation and Competitiveness Act (42 U.S.C. 6626) and
    the Safe Inclusive Research Environments Subcommittee of the National
    Science and Technology Council, and in consultation with representatives
    from each Federal research agency, the Office for Civil Rights at the
    Department of Health and Human Services, the Office for Civil Rights at
    the Department of Education, and the Equal Employment Opportunity
    Commission, the working group shall--
                (1) <<NOTE: Inventory.>> not later than 90 days after the
            date of the enactment of this Act, submit to the Committee on
            Science, Space, and Technology, the Committee on Education and
            Labor, and the

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1630]]

            Committee on Energy and Commerce of the House of Representatives
            and the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation and
            the Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions of the
            Senate an inventory of Federal research agency policies,
            procedures, and resources dedicated to preventing and responding
            to reports of sex-based and sexual harassment;
                (2) not later than 6 months after the date on which the
            inventory is submitted under paragraph (1)--
                        (A) <<NOTE: Consultation. Guidelines.>>  in
                    consultation with outside stakeholders, develop a
                    consistent set of policy guidelines for Federal research
                    agencies; and
                        (B) <<NOTE: Reports.>>  submit a report to the
                    committees referred to in paragraph (1) containing such
                    guidelines;
                (3) encourage and monitor efforts of Federal research
            agencies to develop or maintain and implement policies based on
            the guidelines developed under paragraph (2);
                (4) <<NOTE: Time period. Reports.>>  not later than 1 year
            after the date on which the inventory under paragraph (1) is
            submitted, and every 5 years thereafter, the Director of the
            Office of Science and Technology Policy shall report to Congress
            on the implementation by Federal research agencies of the policy
            guidelines developed under paragraph (2); and
                (5) <<NOTE: Updates.>>  update such policy guidelines as
            needed.

        (b) Requirements.--In developing policy guidelines under subsection
    (a)(2), the Director of the Office of Science and Technology Policy
    shall include guidelines that require, to the extent practicable--
                (1) recipients to submit to the Federal research agency or
            agencies from which the recipients receive funding reports
            relating to--
                        (A) any decision made to launch a formal
                    investigation of sex-based or sexual harassment,
                    including bullying, retaliation, or hostile working
                    conditions by, or of, award personnel;
                        (B) administrative action, related to an allegation
                    against award personnel of any such harassment, as set
                    forth in organizational policies or codes of conduct,
                    statutes, regulations, or executive orders, that affects
                    the ability of award personnel or their trainees to
                    carry out the activities of the award;
                        (C) the total number of investigations with no
                    findings or determinations of misconduct including such
                    harassment;
                        (D) findings or determinations of such harassment,
                    as set forth in organizational policies or codes of
                    conduct, statutes, regulations, or Executive orders by,
                    or of, award personnel, including the final disposition
                    of a matter involving a violation of organizational
                    policies and processes, to include the exhaustion of
                    permissible appeals, or a determination of a sexual
                    offense in a court of law, or any other disciplinary
                    action taken;
                (2) the sharing, updating, and archiving of reports of sex-
            based and sexual harassment from recipients submitted under
            paragraph (1) with relevant Federal research agencies, on a
            yearly basis and by agency request; and

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1631]]

                (3) consistency among Federal research agencies with regard
            to the policies and procedures for receiving reports submitted
            pursuant to paragraph (1).
                (4) FERPA.--The Director of the Office of Science and
            Technology Policy shall ensure that such guidelines and
            requirements are consistent with the requirements of section 444
            of the General Education Provisions Act (20 U.S.C. 1232g)
            (commonly referred to as the ``Family Educational Rights and
            Privacy Act of 1974'').
                (5) Privacy protections.--The Director of the Office of
            Science and Technology Policy shall ensure that such guidelines
            and requirements--
                        (A) do not infringe upon the privacy rights of
                    individuals associated with reports submitted to Federal
                    research agencies; and
                        (B) do not require recipients to provide interim
                    reports to Federal research agencies.

        (c) Considerations.--In carrying out subsection (a)(2), the Director
    of the Office of Science and Technology Policy shall consider issuing
    guidelines that require or incent--
                (1) recipients to periodically assess their organizational
            climate, which may include the use of climate surveys, focus
            groups, or exit interviews;
                (2) recipients to publish on a publicly available internet
            website the results of assessments conducted pursuant to
            paragraph (1), disaggregated by sex and, if practicable, race,
            ethnicity, disability status, and sexual orientation, and in a
            manner that does not include personally identifiable
            information;
                (3) recipients to make public on an annual basis the number
            of reports of sex-based and sexual harassment at that
            institution or organization;
                (4) recipients to regularly assess and improve policies,
            procedures, and interventions to reduce the prevalence of and
            improve the reporting of sex-based and sexual harassment;
                (5) each entity applying for a research and development
            award certify that a code of conduct is in place for maintaining
            a healthy and welcoming workplace for award personnel and posted
            on their public website;
                (6) each recipient and Federal research agency to have in
            place mechanisms for addressing the needs of individuals who
            have experienced sex-based and sexual harassment, including
            those individuals seeking to reintegrate at the recipient
            entity; and
                (7) recipients to work to create a climate intolerant of
            sex- based and sexual harassment and that values and promotes
            diversity and inclusion.

        (d) <<NOTE: Deadline. Policies.>>  Federal Research Agency
    Implementation.--Not later than 270 days after receiving the guidelines
    under paragraph (a)(2), each Federal research agency shall--
                (1) develop or maintain and implement policies with respect
            to sex-based and sexual harassment that are consistent with
            policy guidelines under subsection (a)(2) and that protect the
            privacy of all parties involved in any report and investigation
            of sex-based or sexual harassment, to the maximum extent
            practicable; and

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1632]]

                (2) broadly disseminate such policies to current and
            potential recipients of research and development awards made by
            such agency.
    SEC. 10537. NATIONAL ACADEMIES ASSESSMENT.

        Not <<NOTE: Deadline. Contracts. Study. Reports.>>  later than 3
    years after the date of enactment of this Act, the Director shall enter
    into an agreement with the National Academies to undertake a study and
    issue a report on the influence of sex-based and sexual harassment in
    institutions of higher education on the career advancement of
    individuals in the STEM workforce. The study shall assess--
                (1) the state of research on sex-based and sexual harassment
            in such workforce;
                (2) whether research demonstrates a decrease in the
            prevalence of sex-based and sexual harassment in such workforce;
                (3) the progress made with respect to implementing
            recommendations promulgated in the National Academies consensus
            study report entitled ``Sexual Harassment of Women: Climate,
            Culture, and Consequences in Academic Sciences, Engineering, and
            Medicine'';
                (4) where to focus future efforts with respect to decreasing
            the prevalence of sex-based and sexual harassment in such
            institutions, including specific recommendations; and
                (5) <<NOTE: Recommenda- tions.>>  other recommendations and
            issues, as the National Academies determines appropriate.
    SEC. 10538. GAO STUDY.

         <<NOTE: Deadline.>> Not later than 3 years after the date of
    enactment of this division, the Comptroller General of the United States
    shall--
                (1) <<NOTE: Assessment.>> complete a study that assesses the
            degree to which Federal research agencies have implemented the
            policy guidelines developed under section 10536(a)(2) and the
            effectiveness of that implementation; and
                (2) <<NOTE: Reports. Recommenda- tions.>>  submit a report
            to the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology of the House
            of Representatives and the Committee on Commerce, Science, and
            Transportation of the Senate on the results of such study,
            including recommendations on potential changes to practices and
            policies to improve those guidelines and that implementation.
    SEC. 10539. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.

        There is authorized to be appropriated to the Director to carry out
    this subtitle, $32,500,000.

            TITLE VI--MISCELLANEOUS SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY PROVISIONS

                 Subtitle A--Supporting Early-career Researchers

    SEC. 10601. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19211.>>  EARLY-CAREER RESEARCH
                                FELLOWSHIP PROGRAM.

        (a) <<NOTE: Time period.>>  In General.--The Director of the
    National Science Foundation may establish a 2-year pilot program to make
    awards to highly qualified early-career investigators to carry out an
    independent

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1633]]

    research program at the institution of higher education or participating
    Federal research facility chosen by such investigator, to last for a
    period not greater than two years.

        (b) Selection Process.--The Director of the National Science
    Foundation shall select recipients under subsection (a) from among
    citizens, nationals, and lawfully admitted permanent resident aliens of
    the United States.
        (c) Outreach.--The Director of the National Science Foundation shall
    conduct program outreach to recruit fellowship applicants--
                (1) from all regions of the country;
                (2) from historically underrepresented populations in the
            fields of science, technology, engineering, and mathematics; and
                (3) who graduate from or intend to carry out research at a
            variety of types of institutions of higher education,
            including--
                        (A) historically Black colleges and universities;
                        (B) Tribal Colleges and Universities;
                        (C) minority-serving institutions;
                        (D) institutions of higher education that are not
                    among the top 50 institutions in annual Federal funding
                    for research; and
                        (E) EPSCoR institutions.

        (d) Special Consideration.--The Director of the National Science
    Foundation shall give special consideration and priority to an
    application from an individual who graduated from or is intending to
    carry out research at an institution of the type specified in subsection
    (c)(3).
        (e) Reports From Fellows.--Not later than 180 days after the end of
    the pilot program under this section, each early-career investigator who
    receives an award under the pilot program shall submit to the Director
    of the National Science Foundation a report that describes how the
    early-career investigator used the award funds.
        (f) <<NOTE: Summaries.>>  Report From the Director.--Not later than
    90 days after the conclusion of the second year of the pilot program,
    the Director of the National Science Foundation shall submit to Congress
    a report that includes the following:
                (1) A summary of the uses of award funds under this section
            and the impact of the pilot program under this section.
                (2) <<NOTE: Data.>>  Statistical summary data on fellowship
            awardees disaggregated by race, ethnicity, sex, geography, age,
            years since completion of doctoral degree, and institution type.
                (3) <<NOTE: Determination. Plan.>>  If determined effective,
            a plan for permanent implementation of the pilot program.
    SEC. 10602. <<NOTE: Time period.>>  AUTHORIZATION OF
                                APPROPRIATIONS.

         There is authorized to be appropriated to the Director of the
    National Science Foundation $250,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2023
    through 2024 to carry out the activities in this subtitle.

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1634]]

              Subtitle B--National Science and Technology Strategy

    SEC. 10611. NATIONAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY STRATEGY.

        Section 206 of the National Science and Technology Policy,
    Organization, and Priorities Act of 1976 (42 U.S.C. 6615) is amended to
    read as follows:
    ``SEC. 206. NATIONAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY STRATEGY.

        ``(a) <<NOTE: Deadline. Coordination. Time period.>>  In General.--
    Not later than December 31 of the year immediately after the calendar
    year in which a review under section 206B is completed, the Director of
    the Office of Science and Technology Policy shall, in coordination with
    the National Science and Technology Council, develop and submit to
    Congress a comprehensive national science and technology strategy of the
    United States to meet national research and development objectives for
    the following 4-year period (in this section referred to as `the
    national science and technology strategy').

        ``(b) Requirements.--In developing each national science and
    technology strategy described in subsection (a), the Director of the
    Office of Science and Technology Policy shall--
                ``(1) consider--
                        ``(A) the recommendations and priorities developed
                    by the review under section 206B;
                        ``(B) the most recently published interim or final
                    national security strategy report submitted pursuant to
                    section 108 of the National Security Act of 1947 (50
                    U.S.C. 3043);
                        ``(C) other relevant national plans, reports, and
                    strategies; and
                        ``(D) the strategic plans of relevant Federal
                    departments and agencies; and
                ``(2) include a description of--
                        ``(A) strategic objectives and research priorities
                    necessary to maintain and advance--
                              ``(i) the leadership of the United States in
                          science and technology, including in the key
                          technology focus areas, including near-term,
                          medium-term, and long-term economic
                          competitiveness; and
                              ``(ii) the leadership of the United States in
                          technologies required to address societal and
                          national challenges, including a transition to a
                          circular economy;
                        ``(B) programs, policies, and activities that the
                    President recommends across all Federal departments and
                    agencies to achieve the strategic objectives and
                    research priorities described in subparagraph (A);
                        ``(C) plans to promote sustainability practices and
                    strategies for increasing jobs in the United States;
                        ``(D) global trends in science and technology,
                    including potential threats to the leadership of the
                    United States in science and technology and
                    opportunities for international collaboration in science
                    and technology; and
                        ``(E) plans to foster the development of
                    international partnerships to reinforce domestic policy
                    actions, build new markets, engage in collaborative
                    research, and create an

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1635]]

                    international environment that reflects United States
                    values and protects United States interests.

        ``(c) Consultation.--The Director of the Office of Science and
    Technology Policy shall consult as necessary with the Office of
    Management and Budget and other appropriate elements of the Executive
    Office of the President to ensure that the recommendations and
    priorities delineated in the science and technology strategy are
    incorporated in the development of annual budget requests.
        ``(d) <<NOTE: Updates.>>  Bi-Annual Briefing to Congress.--The
    Director of the Office of Science and Technology Policy shall provide on
    a bi-annual basis, after each release of the national science and
    technology strategy, a briefing to the relevant congressional
    committees, which may include updates on the following:
                ``(1) The status and development of the national science and
            technology strategy, including any significant changes.
                ``(2) The implementation of the national science and
            technology strategy.
                ``(3) <<NOTE: Determination.>>  Any other information about
            the national science and technology strategy, as determined by
            the Director of the Office of Science and Technology Policy.

        ``(e) <<NOTE: Public information. Web posting.>>  Publication.--The
    Director of the Office of Science and Technology Policy shall,
    consistent with the protection of national security and other sensitive
    matters to the maximum extent practicable, make each national science
    and technology strategy publicly available on an internet website of the
    Office. <<NOTE: Determination.>> Each report may include a classified
    annex if the Director of the Office of Science and Technology Policy
    determines such is appropriate.

        ``(f) Termination.--This section terminates on the date that is ten
    years after the date of the enactment of this section.''.
    SEC. 10612. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19221.>>  STRATEGY AND REPORT ON THE
                                NATION'S ECONOMIC SECURITY, SCIENCE,
                                RESEARCH, AND INNOVATION TO SUPPORT
                                THE NATIONAL SECURITY STRATEGY.

        (a) Definitions.--In this section:
                (1) <<NOTE: Determination.>>  Foreign country of concern.--
            The term ``foreign country of concern'' means the People's
            Republic of China, the Democratic People's Republic of Korea,
            the Russian Federation, the Islamic Republic of Iran, or any
            other country determined to be a country of concern by the
            Department of State.
                (2) Foreign entity of concern.--The term ``foreign entity of
            concern'' means a foreign entity that is--
                        (A) designated as a foreign terrorist organization
                    by the Secretary of State under section 219(a) of the
                    Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1189(a));
                        (B) included on the list of specially designated
                    nationals and blocked persons maintained by the Office
                    of Foreign Assets Control of the Department of the
                    Treasury (commonly known as the SDN list);
                        (C) owned by, controlled by, or subject to the
                    jurisdiction or direction of a government of a foreign
                    country that is a covered nation (as such term is
                    defined in section 4872 of title 10, United States
                    Code);
                        (D) alleged by the Attorney General to have been
                    involved in activities for which a conviction was
                    obtained under--
                              (i) chapter 37 of title 18, United States Code
                          (commonly known as the Espionage Act);

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1636]]

                              (ii) section 951 or 1030 of title 18, United
                          States Code;
                              (iii) chapter 90 of title 18, United States
                          Code (commonly known as the Economic Espionage Act
                          of 1996);
                              (iv) the Arms Export Control Act (22 U.S.C.
                          2751 et seq.);
                              (v) section 224, 225, 226, 227, or 236 of the
                          Atomic Energy Act of 1954 (42 U.S.C. 2274, 2275,
                          2276, 2277, and 2284);
                              (vi) the Export Control Reform Act of 2018 (50
                          U.S.C. 4801 et seq.); or
                              (vii) the International Emergency Economic
                          Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1701 et seq.); or
                        (E) <<NOTE: Determination. Consultation.>>
                    determined by the Secretary of Commerce, in consultation
                    with the Secretary of Defense and the Director of
                    National Intelligence, to be engaged in unauthorized
                    conduct that is detrimental to the national security or
                    foreign policy of the United States.
                (3) National security strategy.--The term ``national
            security strategy'' means the national security strategy
            required under section 108 of the National Security Act of 1947
            (50 U.S.C. 3043).

        (b) Strategy and Report.--
                (1) <<NOTE: President. Coordination. Consultation.>>  In
            general.--Not later than 90 days after the transmission of each
            national security strategy under section 108(a) of the National
            Security Act of 1947 (50 U.S.C. 3043(a)), the President, acting
            through the Director of the Office of Science and Technology
            Policy, shall, in coordination with the National Science and
            Technology Council, the National Security Council, the Director
            of the National Economic Council, and the heads of such other
            relevant Federal agencies as the Director of the Office of
            Science and Technology Policy considers appropriate and in
            consultation with such nongovernmental partners as the Director
            of the Office of Science and Technology Policy considers
            appropriate--
                        (A) <<NOTE: Review.>>  review such strategy,
                    including the national defense strategy under subsection
                    (g) of section 113 of title 10, United States Code, and
                    the national science and technology strategy under
                    section 206 of the National Science and Technology
                    Policy, Organization, and Priorities Act of 1976 (42
                    U.S.C. 6615), programs, and resources as the Director of
                    the Office of Science and Technology Policy determines
                    pertain to United States' national competitiveness in
                    science, technology, research, innovation, and
                    technology transfer activities, including patenting and
                    licensing, that support the national security strategy;
                        (B) develop or revise a national strategy to improve
                    the national competitiveness of United States science,
                    technology, research, and innovation to support the
                    national security strategy; and
                        (C) submit to Congress--
                              (i) a report on the findings of the Director
                          of the Office of Science and Technology Policy
                          with respect to the review conducted pursuant to
                          subparagraph (A); and

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1637]]

                              (ii) the strategy developed or revised
                          pursuant to subparagraph (B).
                (2) Termination.--This subsection terminates on the date
            that is 5 years after the date of the enactment of this Act.

        (c) Elements.--
                (1) <<NOTE: Assessments.>>  Report.--Each report submitted
            under subsection (b)(1)(C)(i) shall include the following:
                        (A) An assessment of the efforts of the United
                    States Government to preserve United States leadership
                    in key emerging technologies and prevent United States
                    strategic competitors from leveraging advanced
                    technologies to gain strategic military or economic
                    advantages over the United States.
                        (B) An assessment of public and private investment
                    in science and technology relevant to national security
                    purposes, and the implications of such for the
                    geostrategic position of the United States.
                        (C) A description of the prioritized economic
                    security interests and objectives.
                        (D) An assessment of global trends in science and
                    technology, including potential threats to the national
                    security of the United States in science and technology.
                        (E) An assessment of the national debt and its
                    implications for the economic and national security of
                    the United States.
                        (F) An assessment of how regional innovation
                    capacity efforts in STEM fields are contributing and
                    could contribute to the national security the United
                    States, including programs run by State and local
                    governments.
                        (G) An assessment of the following:
                              (i) Workforce needs for competitiveness in
                          technology areas identified in the national
                          security strategy.
                              (ii) Any efforts needed to expand pathways
                          into technology fields to achieve the goals of the
                          national security strategy.
                        (H) An assessment of barriers to the development,
                    evolution, or competitiveness of start-ups, small and
                    mid-sized business entities, and industries that are
                    critical to national security.
                        (I) An assessment of the effectiveness of the
                    Federal Government, federally funded research and
                    development centers, and national laboratories in
                    supporting and promoting the technology
                    commercialization and technology transfer of
                    technologies critical to national security.
                        (J) An assessment of manufacturing capacity,
                    logistics, and supply chain dynamics of major export
                    sectors that are critical to national security,
                    including access to a skilled workforce, physical
                    infrastructure, and broadband network infrastructure.
                        (K) An assessment of how the Federal Government is
                    increasing the participation of underrepresented
                    populations in science, research, innovation, and
                    manufacturing.
                        (L) An assessment of public-private partnerships in
                    technology commercialization in support of national
                    security, including--

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1638]]

                              (i) the structure of current defense
                          technology research and commercialization
                          arrangements with regard to public-private
                          partnerships; and
                              (ii) the extent to which intellectual property
                          developed with Federal defense funding--
                                        (I) is being used to manufacture in
                                    the United States rather than in other
                                    countries; and
                                        (II) is being used by foreign
                                    business entities that are majority
                                    owned or controlled (as such term is
                                    defined in section 800.208 of title 31,
                                    Code of Federal Regulations, or a
                                    successor regulation), or minority owned
                                    greater than 25 percent by--
                                                (aa) any governmental
                                            organization of a foreign
                                            country of concern; or
                                                (bb) any other entity that
                                            is--
                                                    (AA) known to be owned
                                                or controlled by any
                                                governmental organization of
                                                a foreign country of
                                                concern; or
                                                    (BB) organized under, or
                                                otherwise subject to, the
                                                laws of a foreign country of
                                                concern.
                        (M) <<NOTE: Recommenda- tions.>>  Recommendations to
                    enhance the ability of the Federal Government to recruit
                    into Federal service and retain in such service
                    individuals with critical skills relevant to national
                    security.
                        (N) <<NOTE: Recommenda- tions.>>  Recommendations
                    for policies to protect United States leadership and the
                    allies of the United States in critical areas relevant
                    to national security through targeted export controls,
                    investment screening, and counterintelligence
                    activities.
                        (O) Informed by the interagency process established
                    under section 1758 of the Export Control Reform Act of
                    2018, a technology annex, which may be classified,
                    describing an integrated and enduring approach to the
                    identification, prioritization, development, and
                    fielding of emerging technologies relevant to national
                    security.
                (2) <<NOTE: Plans.>>  Strategy.--Each strategy submitted
            under subsection (b)(1)(C)(ii) shall, to the extent practicable,
            include the following:
                        (A) A plan to utilize available tools to address or
                    minimize the leading threats and challenges and to take
                    advantage of the leading opportunities, particularly in
                    regards to technologies central to international
                    competition in science and technology relevant to
                    national security purposes, including the following:
                              (i) Specific objectives, tasks, metrics, and
                          milestones for each relevant Federal agency.
                              (ii) Strategic objectives and priorities
                          necessary to maintain the leadership of the United
                          States in science and technology relevant to
                          national security purposes, including near-term,
                          medium-term, and long-term research priorities.
                              (iii) Specific plans to safeguard research and
                          technology funded, as appropriate, in whole or in
                          part, by the Federal Government, including in
                          technologies critical to national security, from
                          theft or exfiltration by foreign entities of
                          concern.

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1639]]

                              (iv) Specific plans to support public and
                          private sector investment in research, technology
                          development, education and workforce development,
                          and domestic manufacturing supportive of the
                          national security of the United States and to
                          foster the use of public-private partnerships.
                              (v) A description of the following:
                                        (I) How the strategy submitted under
                                    subsection (b)(1)(C)(ii) supports the
                                    national security strategy.
                                        (II) How the strategy submitted
                                    under such subsection is integrated and
                                    coordinated with the most recent--
                                                (aa) national defense
                                            strategy under subsection (g) of
                                            section 113 of title 10, United
                                            States Code; and
                                                (bb) national science and
                                            technology strategy under
                                            section 206 of the National
                                            Science and Technology Policy,
                                            Organization, and Priorities Act
                                            of 1976 (42 U.S.C. 6615).
                              (vi) A plan to encourage the governments of
                          countries that are allies or partners of the
                          United States to cooperate with the execution of
                          such strategy, where appropriate.
                              (vii) A plan for strengthening the industrial
                          base of the United States.
                              (viii) A plan to remove or update overly
                          burdensome or outdated Federal regulations, as
                          appropriate.
                              (ix) A plan--
                                        (I) to further incentivize industry
                                    participation in public-private
                                    partnerships for the purposes of
                                    accelerating technology research and
                                    commercialization in support of national
                                    security, including alternate ways of
                                    accounting for in-kind contributions and
                                    valuing partially manufactured products;
                                        (II) to ensure that intellectual
                                    property developed with Federal funding
                                    is commercialized in the United States;
                                    and
                                        (III) to ensure, to the maximum
                                    appropriate extent, that intellectual
                                    property developed with Federal funding
                                    is not being used by foreign business
                                    entities that are majority owned or
                                    controlled (as such term is defined in
                                    section 800.208 of title 31, Code of
                                    Federal Regulations, or a successor
                                    regulation), or minority owned greater
                                    than 25 percent by--
                                                (aa) any governmental
                                            organization of a foreign
                                            country of concern; or
                                                (bb) any other entity that
                                            is--
                                                    (AA) known to be owned
                                                or controlled by any
                                                governmental organization of
                                                a foreign country of
                                                concern; or
                                                    (BB) organized under, or
                                                otherwise subject to, the
                                                laws of a foreign country of
                                                concern.

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1640]]

                              (x) An identification of additional resources,
                          administrative action, or legislative action
                          recommended to assist with the implementation of
                          such strategy.

        (d) <<NOTE: Consultation.>>  Research and Development Funding.--The
    Director of the Office of Science and Technology Policy shall, as the
    Director of the Office of Science and Technology Policy considers
    necessary, consult with the Director of the Office of Management and
    Budget and with the heads of such other elements of the Executive Office
    of the President as the Director of the Office of Science and Technology
    Policy considers appropriate to ensure the recommendations and
    priorities with respect to research and development funding relevant to
    national security, as expressed in the most recent report and strategy
    submitted under subsection (b)(1)(C) are incorporated into the
    development of annual budget requests for Federal research agencies.

        (e) <<NOTE: Public information. Web posting.>>  Publication.--The
    Director of the Office of Science and Technology Policy shall,
    consistent with the protection of national security and other sensitive
    matters and to the maximum extent practicable, make each report
    submitted under subsection (b)(1)(C)(i) publicly available on an
    internet website of the Office of Science and Technology
    Policy. <<NOTE: Determination.>> Each such report may include a
    classified annex if the Director of the Office of Science and Technology
    Policy determines such is appropriate.
    SEC. 10613. QUADRENNIAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY REVIEW.

        The National Science and Technology Policy, Organization, and
    Priorities Act of 1976 (42 U.S.C. 6601 et seq.) is amended by inserting
    after section 206 the following new section:
    ``SEC. 206B. <<NOTE: 42 USC 6615b.>>  QUADRENNIAL SCIENCE AND
                              TECHNOLOGY REVIEW.

        ``(a) Requirements.--
                ``(1) <<NOTE: Deadline.>>  Quadrennial reviews required.--
            Not later than December 31, 2023, and every four years
            thereafter, the Director of the Office of Science and Technology
            Policy shall complete a review of the science and technology
            enterprise of the United States (in this section referred to as
            the `quadrennial science and technology review').
                ``(2) <<NOTE: Examination. Recommenda- tions.>>  Scope.--The
            quadrennial science and technology review shall be a
            comprehensive examination of the science and technology strategy
            of the United States, including recommendations for maintaining
            global leadership in science and technology and advancing
            science and technology to address the societal and national
            challenges and guidance regarding the coordination of programs,
            assets, capabilities, budget, policies, and authorities across
            all Federal research and development programs.
                ``(3) Consultation.--The Director of the Office of Science
            and Technology Policy shall conduct each quadrennial science and
            technology review in consultation with the following:
                        ``(A) The National Science and Technology Council.
                        ``(B) The President's Council of Advisors on Science
                    and Technology.
                        ``(C) The National Science Board.
                        ``(D) The National Security Council.
                        ``(E) The heads of other relevant Federal agencies.
                        ``(F) Other relevant governmental and
                    nongovernmental entities, including representatives from
                    industry,

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1641]]

                    institutions of higher education, nonprofit
                    organizations, Members of Congress, and other policy
                    experts.
                ``(4) Coordination.--The Director of the Office of Science
            and Technology Policy shall ensure that each quadrennial science
            and technology review is coordinated with other relevant
            statutorily required reviews, and to the maximum extent
            practicable incorporates information and recommendations from
            existing reviews to avoid duplication.

        ``(b) <<NOTE: Recommenda- tions. Assessments.>> Contents.--In each
    quadrennial science and technology review, the Director of the Office of
    Science and Technology Policy shall--
                ``(1) provide an integrated view of, and recommendations
            for, science and technology policy across the Federal
            Government, while considering economic and national security and
            other societal and national challenges;
                ``(2) assess and recommend priorities for research,
            development, and demonstration programs to maintain United
            States leadership in science and technology, including in
            manufacturing and industrial innovation;
                ``(3) assess and recommend priorities for research,
            development, and demonstration programs to address societal and
            national challenges;
                ``(4) assess the global competition in science and
            technology and identify potential threats to the leadership of
            the United States in science and technology and opportunities
            for international collaboration;
                ``(5) assess and make recommendations on the science,
            technology, engineering, mathematics, and computer science
            workforce of the United States;
                ``(6) assess and make recommendations to improve regional
            innovation across the United States;
                ``(7) identify and assess sectors critical for the long-term
            resilience of United States innovation leadership across design,
            manufacturing, supply chains, and markets;
                ``(8) assess and make recommendations to improve translation
            of basic and applied research and the enhancement of technology
            transfer of federally funded research;
                ``(9) identify, assess, and make recommendations to address
            science and technology gaps that would not be met without
            Federal investment;
                ``(10) review administrative and legislative policies and
            funding opportunities that affect private sector science and
            technology activities, and identify and make recommendations
            regarding policies that maintain and grow the participation and
            competitiveness of small- and medium-sized businesses;
                ``(11) assess and identify the infrastructure and tools
            needed to maintain the leadership of the United States in
            science and technology and address other societal and national
            challenges; and
                ``(12) review administrative or legislative policies that
            affect the science and technology enterprise and identify and
            make recommendations regarding policies that hinder research and
            development in the United States.

        ``(c) Reporting.--

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1642]]

                ``(1) In general.--Not later than December 31 of the year in
            which a quadrennial science and technology review is conducted,
            the Director of the Office of Science and Technology Policy
            shall submit to Congress a report relating to such review.
                ``(2) <<NOTE: Public information. Web posting.>>
            Publication.--The Director of the Office of Science and
            Technology Policy shall, consistent with the protection of
            national security and other sensitive matters to the maximum
            extent practicable, make each report submitted under paragraph
            (1) publicly available on an internet website of the Office of
            Science and Technology Policy. <<NOTE: Determination.>> Each
            report may include a classified annex if the Director of the
            Office of Science and Technology Policy determines such
            appropriate.

        ``(d) Termination.--This section shall terminate on the date that is
    ten years after the date of the enactment of this section.''.

                         Subtitle C--Regional Innovation

    SEC. 10621. <<NOTE: Deadlines.>>  REGIONAL INNOVATION CAPACITY.

        (a) In General.--The Stevenson-Wydler Technology Innovation Act of
    1980 (Public Law 96-480; 15 U.S.C. 3701 et seq.) is amended--
                (1) <<NOTE: 15 USC 3723.>>  by redesignating section 28 as
            section 30; and
                (2) by inserting after section 27 the following:
    ``SEC. 28. <<NOTE: 15 USC 3722a.>>  REGIONAL TECHNOLOGY AND
                          INNOVATION HUB PROGRAM.

        ``(a) Definitions.--In this section:
                ``(1) Appropriate committees of congress.--The term
            `appropriate committees of Congress' means--
                        ``(A) the Committee on Commerce, Science, and
                    Transportation, the Committee on Environment and Public
                    Works, and the Committee on Appropriations of the
                    Senate; and
                        ``(B) the Committee on Science, Space, and
                    Technology and the Committee on Appropriations of the
                    House of Representatives.
                ``(2) Cooperative extension services.--The term `cooperative
            extension services' has the meaning given the term in section
            1404 of the Food and Agriculture Act of 1977 (7 U.S.C. 3103).
                ``(3) Site connectivity infrastructure.--The term `site
            connectivity infrastructure' means localized driveways and
            access roads to a facility as well as hookups to the new
            facility for drinking water, waste water, broadband, and other
            basic infrastructure services already present in the area.
                ``(4) Venture development organization.--The term `venture
            development organization' has the meaning given such term in
            section 27(a) of the Stevenson-Wydler Act of 1980 (15 U.S.C.
            3722(a)).
                ``(5) Community development financial institution.--The term
            `community development financial institution' has the meaning
            given in section 103 of the Community Development Banking and
            Financial Institutions Act of 1994 (12 U.S.C. 4702).
                ``(6) Minority depository institution.--The term `minority
            depository institution' means an entity that is--

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1643]]

                        ``(A) a minority depository institution, as defined
                    in section 308 of the Financial Institutions Reform,
                    Recovery, and Enforcement Act of 1989 (12 U.S.C. 1463
                    note); or
                        ``(B) considered to be a minority depository
                    institution by--
                              ``(i) the appropriate Federal banking agency;
                          or
                              ``(ii) the National Credit Union
                          Administration, in the case of an insured credit
                          union.
                ``(7) Low population state.--The term `low population State'
            means a State without an urbanized area with a population
            greater than 250,000 as reported in the decennial census.
                ``(8) Small and rural communities.--The term `small and
            rural community' means a noncore area, a micropolitan area, or a
            small metropolitan statistical area with a population of not
            more than 250,000.

        ``(b) Regional Technology and Innovation Hub Program.--
                ``(1) In general.--Subject to the availability of
            appropriations, the Secretary shall carry out a program--
                        ``(A) to encourage new and constructive
                    collaborations among local, State, Tribal, and Federal
                    government entities, institutions of higher education,
                    the private sector, economic development organizations,
                    labor organizations, nonprofit organizations, and
                    community organizations that promote broad-based
                    regional innovation initiatives;
                        ``(B) to support eligible consortia in the
                    development and implementation of regional innovation
                    strategies;
                        ``(C) to designate eligible consortia as regional
                    technology and innovation hubs and facilitate activities
                    by consortia designated as regional technology and
                    innovation hubs in implementing their regional
                    innovation strategies--
                              ``(i) to enable United States leadership in
                          technology and innovation sectors critical to
                          national and economic security;
                              ``(ii) to support regional economic
                          development and resilience, including in small
                          cities and rural areas, and promote increased
                          geographic diversity of innovation across the
                          United States;
                              ``(iii) to promote the benefits of technology
                          development and innovation for all Americans,
                          including underserved communities and vulnerable
                          communities;
                              ``(iv) to support the modernization and
                          expansion of United States manufacturing based on
                          advances in technology and innovation;
                              ``(v) to support domestic job creation and
                          broad-based economic growth; and
                              ``(vi) to improve the pace of market
                          readiness, industry maturation, and overall
                          commercialization and domestic production of
                          innovative research;
                        ``(D) to ensure that the regional technology and
                    innovation hubs address the intersection of emerging
                    technologies and either regional challenges or national
                    challenges; and
                        ``(E) to conduct ongoing research, evaluation,
                    analysis, and dissemination of best practices for
                    regional development and competitiveness in technology
                    and innovation.
                ``(2) <<NOTE: Grants. Contracts.>>  Awards.--The Secretary
            shall carry out the program required by paragraph (1) through
            the award of the following:

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1644]]

                        ``(A) Strategy development grants or cooperative
                    agreements to eligible consortia under subsection (e).
                        ``(B) Strategy implementation grants or cooperative
                    agreements to regional technology and innovation hubs
                    under subsection (f).
                ``(3) <<NOTE: Coordination.>>  Administration.--The
            Secretary shall carry out this section through the Assistant
            Secretary of Commerce for Economic Development in coordination
            with the Under Secretary of Commerce for Standards and
            Technology.

        ``(c) Eligible Consortia.--For purposes of this section, an eligible
    consortium is a consortium that--
                ``(1) includes 1 or more of each of the following--
                        ``(A) institutions of higher education, which may
                    include Historically Black Colleges and Universities,
                    Tribal Colleges or Universities, and minority-serving
                    institutions;
                        ``(B) State, territorial, local, or Tribal
                    governments or other political subdivisions of a State,
                    including State and local agencies, or a consortium
                    thereof;
                        ``(C) industry or firms in relevant technology,
                    innovation, or manufacturing sectors;
                        ``(D) economic development organizations or similar
                    entities that are focused primarily on improving
                    science, technology, innovation, entrepreneurship, or
                    access to capital; and
                        ``(E) labor organizations or workforce training
                    organizations, which may include State and local
                    workforce development boards as established under
                    sections 101 and 107 of the Workforce Investment and
                    Opportunity Act (29 U.S.C. 3111; 3122); and
                ``(2) may include 1 or more--
                        ``(A) economic development entities with relevant
                    expertise, including a district organization (as defined
                    in section 300.3 of title 13, Code of Federal
                    Regulations, or successor regulation);
                        ``(B) organizations that contribute to increasing
                    the participation of underserved populations in science,
                    technology, innovation, and entrepreneurship;
                        ``(C) venture development organizations;
                        ``(D) organizations that promote local economic
                    stability, high-wage domestic jobs, and broad-based
                    economic opportunities, such as employee ownership
                    membership associations and State or local employee
                    ownerships and cooperative development centers,
                    financial institutions and investment funds, including
                    community development financial institutions and
                    minority depository institutions;
                        ``(E) elementary schools and secondary schools,
                    including area career and technical education schools
                    (as defined in section 3 of the Carl D. Perkins Career
                    and Technical Education Act of 2006 (29 U.S.C. 2302);
                        ``(F) National Laboratories (as defined in section 2
                    of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 15801));
                        ``(G) Federal laboratories;
                        ``(H) Manufacturing extension centers;
                        ``(I) Manufacturing USA institutes;
                        ``(J) transportation planning organizations;
                        ``(K) a cooperative extension services;

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1645]]

                        ``(L) organizations that represent the perspectives
                    of underserved communities in economic development
                    initiatives; and
                        ``(M) institutions receiving an award under section
                    10388 of the Research and Development, Competition, and
                    Innovation Act.

        ``(d) Designation of Regional Technology and Innovation Hubs.--
                ``(1) <<NOTE: Reviews.>> In general.--In carrying out
            subsection (b)(1)(C), the Secretary shall use a competitive,
            merit-review process to designate eligible consortia as regional
            technology and innovation hubs.
                ``(2) Distribution.--In conducting the competitive process
            under paragraph (1), the Secretary shall ensure geographic and
            demographic diversity in the designation of regional technology
            hubs by, subject to available appropriations, designating at
            least 20 technology hubs, and--
                        ``(A) seeking to designate at least three technology
                    hubs in each region covered by a regional office of the
                    Economic Development Administration, while--
                              ``(i) ensuring that not fewer than one-third
                          of eligible consortia so designated as regional
                          technology hubs significantly benefit a small and
                          rural community, which may include a State or
                          territory described in clauses (ii) and (iii);
                              ``(ii) ensuring that not fewer than one-third
                          of eligible consortia so designated as regional
                          technology hubs include as a member of the
                          eligible consortia at least 1 member that is a
                          State or territory that is eligible to receive
                          funding from the Established Program to Stimulate
                          Competitive Research of the National Science
                          Foundation; and
                              ``(iii) ensuring that at least one eligible
                          consortium so designated as a regional technology
                          hub is headquartered in a low population State
                          that is eligible to receive funding from the
                          Established Program to Stimulate Competitive
                          Research of the National Science Foundation;
                        ``(B) seeking to designate an additional two
                    regional technology hubs based on selection factors
                    which shall include likelihood of success and may
                    include regional factors such as the extent to which the
                    regional technology and innovation hub significantly
                    engages and benefits underserved communities in and near
                    metropolitan areas;
                        ``(C) encouraging eligible consortia to leverage
                    institutions of higher education serving populations
                    historically underrepresented in STEM, including
                    historically Black Colleges and Universities, Tribal
                    Colleges or Universities, and minority-serving
                    institutions to significantly benefit an area or region;
                    and
                        ``(D) encouraging proposals from eligible consortia
                    that would significantly benefit an area or region whose
                    economy significantly relies on or has recently relied
                    on coal, oil, or natural gas production or development.
                ``(3) Relation to certain grant awards.--The Secretary shall
            not require an eligible consortium to receive a grant or
            cooperative agreement under subsection (e) in order to be

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1646]]

            designated as a regional technology and innovation hub under
            paragraph (1) of this subsection.

        ``(e) <<NOTE: Contracts.>>  Strategy Development Grants and
    Cooperative Agreements.--
                ``(1) <<NOTE: Reviews.>> In general.--The Secretary shall
            use a competitive, merit-review process to award grants or
            cooperative agreements to eligible consortia for the development
            of regional innovation strategies.
                ``(2) Number of recipients.--Subject to availability of
            appropriations, the Secretary shall seek to award a grant or
            cooperative agreement under paragraph (1) to not fewer than 60
            eligible consortia.
                ``(3) Geographic diversity and representation.--
                        ``(A) In general.--The Secretary shall carry out
                    paragraph (1) in a manner that ensures geographic
                    diversity and representation from communities of
                    differing populations.
                        ``(B) Awards to small and rural communities.--In
                    carrying out paragraph (1), the Secretary shall--
                              ``(i) award not fewer than one-third of the
                          grants and cooperative agreements under such
                          paragraph to eligible consortia that significantly
                          benefit a small and rural community, which may
                          include a State described in clause (ii); and
                              ``(ii) award not fewer than one-third of the
                          grants and cooperative agreements under such
                          paragraph to eligible consortia that include as a
                          member of the eligible consortia at least 1 member
                          that is a State or territory that is eligible to
                          receive funding from the Established Program to
                          Stimulate Competitive Research of the National
                          Science Foundation.
                ``(4) Use of funds.--
                        ``(A) Use of funds under this grant shall include--
                              ``(i) <<NOTE: Coordination.>>  coordination of
                          a locally defined planning processes, across
                          jurisdictions and agencies, relating to developing
                          a comprehensive regional technology strategy;
                              ``(ii) identification of regional partnerships
                          for developing and implementing a comprehensive
                          regional technology strategy;

                          ``(iii) <<NOTE: Updates. Assessments. Determination
                          .>>  implementation or updating of assessments to
                          determine regional needs and capabilities;
                              ``(iv) <<NOTE: Updates.>>  development or
                          updating of goals and strategies to implement an
                          existing comprehensive regional plan;
                              ``(v) identification or implementation of
                          planning and local zoning and other code changes
                          necessary to implement a comprehensive regional
                          technology strategy; and
                              ``(vi) <<NOTE: Plans.>>  development of plans
                          for promoting broad-based economic growth in a
                          region.
                        ``(B) Use of funds under this grant may include the
                    formation of a workforce development strategy, according
                    to the needs for a skilled and technical workforce at
                    all skill and degree levels in the region proposed to be
                    served by the eligible consortia. Any workforce
                    development

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1647]]

                    strategy submitted pursuant to paragraph (1) should
                    include--
                              ``(i) how the eligible consortia will develop,
                          offer, or improve educational or career training
                          programs and curriculum for a skilled and
                          technical workforce;
                              ``(ii) the extent to which such programs
                          developed and offered by the eligible consortia
                          will meet the educational or career training needs
                          of a skilled and technical workforce in the region
                          to be served;
                              ``(iii) how the eligible consortia will
                          provide facilities for students to receive
                          training under such programs developed and offered
                          by the eligible consortia; and
                              ``(iv) how the eligible consortia will enhance
                          outreach and recruitment for such programs
                          developed and offered by the eligible consortia to
                          populations underrepresented in STEM.
                ``(5) Federal share.--The Federal share of the cost of an
            effort carried out using a grant or cooperative agreement
            awarded under this subsection may not exceed 80 percent--
                        ``(A) where in-kind contributions may be used for
                    all or part of the non-Federal share, but Federal
                    funding from other government sources may not count
                    towards the non-Federal share;
                        ``(B) except in the case of an eligible consortium
                    that represents all or part of a small and rural or
                    other underserved community, the Federal share may be up
                    to 90 percent of the total cost, subject to subparagraph
                    (A); and
                        ``(C) except in the case of an eligible consortium
                    that is led by a Tribal government, the Federal share
                    may be up to 100 percent of the total cost of the
                    project.

        ``(f) <<NOTE: Contracts.>>  Strategy Implementation Grants and
    Cooperative Agreements.--
                ``(1) <<NOTE: Review.>>  In general.--The Secretary shall
            use a competitive, merit-review process to award grants or
            cooperative agreements to regional technology and innovation
            hubs for the implementation of regional innovation strategies,
            including regional strategies for infrastructure and site
            development, in support of the regional innovation and
            technology and innovation hub's plans and
            programs. <<NOTE: Determination.>> The Secretary should
            determine the size and number of awards based on appropriations
            available to ensure the success of regional technology and
            innovation hubs as outlined in subsection (h).
                ``(2) Use of funds.--Grants or cooperative agreements
            awarded under paragraph (1) to a regional technology and
            innovation hub may be used by the regional technology and
            innovation hub to support any of the following activities,
            consistent with the most current regional innovation strategy of
            the regional technology and innovation hub, which may have been
            developed with or without financial assistance received under
            subsection (e) of this section:
                        ``(A) Workforce development activities.--Workforce
                    development activities including activities relating to
                    the following:
                              ``(i) The creation of partnerships between
                          industry, workforce, nonprofit, and educational
                          institutions, which may include community
                          colleges, to create and

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1648]]

                          align technical training and educational programs,
                          including for a skilled technical workforce.
                              ``(ii) <<NOTE: Updates.>>  The design,
                          development, and updating of educational and
                          training curriculum and programs, including
                          training of trainers, teachers, or instructors
                          tied to demonstrated regional skilled and
                          technical workforce needs.
                              ``(iii) The procurement of facilities and
                          equipment, as required to train a skilled and
                          technical workforce.
                              ``(iv) The development and execution of
                          programs, including traineeships and
                          apprenticeships, to rapidly provide training and
                          award certificates or credentials recognized by
                          regional industries or other organizations.
                              ``(v) The matching of regional employers with
                          a potential new entrant, underemployed,
                          underrepresented, reentering, or incumbent
                          workforce, as well as the securing of commitments
                          from employers to hire workers who successfully
                          complete training programs, or who are awarded
                          certificates or credentials.
                              ``(vi) The expansion of successful training
                          programs at a scale required by the region served
                          by the regional technology and innovation hub,
                          including through the use of online education and
                          mentoring.
                              ``(vii) The development and expansion of
                          programs with the goal of increasing the
                          participation of persons historically
                          underrepresented in STEM and manufacturing in the
                          workforce development plans of the regional
                          technology and innovation hub.
                              ``(viii) The provision of support services for
                          attendees of training programs developed, updated,
                          or expanded pursuant to this subsection, including
                          career counseling.
                              ``(ix) The implementation of outreach and
                          recruitment for training programs developed,
                          updated, or expanded pursuant to this subsection,
                          particularly at local educational institutions,
                          including high schools and community colleges.
                        ``(B) Business and entrepreneur development
                    activities.--Business and entrepreneur development
                    activities, including activities relating to the
                    following:
                              ``(i) The development and growth of local and
                          regional businesses and the training of
                          entrepreneurs, which may include support for the
                          expansion of employee owned businesses and
                          cooperatives.
                              ``(ii) The support of technology
                          commercialization, including funding for
                          activities relevant to the protection of
                          intellectual property and for advancing potential
                          ventures such as acceleration, incubation, early-
                          stage production and other relevant programming.
                              ``(iii) The development of local and regional
                          capital networks and consortia to attract
                          necessary private funding to businesses and
                          entrepreneurs in the region.
                              ``(iv) The development of local and regional
                          networks for business and entrepreneur mentorship.

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1649]]

                        ``(C) Technology development and maturation
                    activities.--Technology maturation activities, including
                    activities relating to the following:
                              ``(i) The development and deployment of
                          technologies in sectors critical to the region
                          served by the regional technology and innovation
                          hub or to national and economic security,
                          including industry-university research
                          cooperation, proof of concept, prototype
                          development, testing, and scale-up for
                          manufacturing.
                              ``(ii) The development of programming to
                          support the creation and transfer of intellectual
                          property into private use, such as through startup
                          creation.
                              ``(iii) The provision of facilities for
                          technology maturation, including incubators and
                          production testbeds for collaborative development
                          of technologies by private sector, academic,
                          nonprofit, and other entities.
                              ``(iv) Activities to provide or ensure access
                          to capital for new business and business
                          expansion, including by attracting new private,
                          public, and philanthropic investment and by
                          establishing local and regional venture and loan
                          funds, community development financial
                          institutions, and minority depository
                          institutions.
                        ``(D) Infrastructure-related activities.--The
                    building of facilities and site connectivity
                    infrastructure necessary to carry out activities
                    described in subparagraphs (A), (B), and (C), including
                    activities relating to the following:
                              ``(i) Establishing a center with required
                          tools and instrumentation for workforce
                          development.
                              ``(ii) Establishing a facility for technology
                          development, demonstration, and testing.
                              ``(iii) Establishing collaborative incubators
                          to support technology commercialization and
                          entrepreneur training.
                ``(3) Term.--
                        ``(A) Initial performance period.--The term of an
                    initial grant or cooperative agreement awarded under
                    this subsection shall be for a period that the Secretary
                    deems appropriate for the proposed activities but not
                    less than 2 years.
                        ``(B) <<NOTE: Determination.>>  Subsequent
                    performance period.--The Secretary may renew a grant or
                    cooperative agreement awarded to a regional technology
                    and innovation hub under paragraph (1) for such period
                    as the Secretary considers appropriate, if the Secretary
                    determines that the regional technology and innovation
                    hub has made satisfactory progress towards the metrics
                    agreed to under subsection (j).
                        ``(C) Flexible approach.--In renewing a grant or
                    cooperative agreement under subparagraph (B), the
                    Secretary and the eligible consortium may agree to new
                    or additional uses of funds in order to meet changes in
                    the needs of the region.
                ``(4) Limitation on amount of awards.--
                        ``(A) Initial performance period.--The amount of an
                    initial grant or cooperative agreements awarded to a

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1650]]

                    regional technology and innovation hub under paragraph
                    (3)(A) shall be no more than $150,000,000.
                        ``(B) Subsequent performance period.--Upon renewal
                    of a grant or cooperative agreement under paragraph
                    (3)(B), the Secretary may award funding in the amount
                    that the Secretary considers appropriate, ensuring that
                    no single regional technology and innovation hub
                    receives more than 10 percent of the aggregate amount of
                    the grants and cooperative agreements awarded under this
                    subsection.
                ``(5) Matching required.--
                        ``(A) Initial performance period.--Except in the
                    case of a regional technology and innovation hub
                    described in subparagraph (C), the total amount of all
                    grants awarded to a regional technology and innovation
                    hub under this subsection in phase one shall not exceed
                    90 percent of the total operating costs of the regional
                    technology and innovation hub during the initial
                    performance period.
                        ``(B) Subsequent performance period.--Except in the
                    case of a regional technology and innovation hub
                    described in subparagraph (C), the total amount of all
                    grants awarded to a regional technology and innovation
                    hub in subsequent performance periods shall not exceed
                    75 percent of the total operating costs of the regional
                    technology and innovation hub in each year of the grant
                    or cooperative agreement.
                        ``(C) Small and rural communities, underserved
                    communities, and indian tribes.--
                              ``(i) In general.--The total Federal financial
                          assistance awarded in a given year to a regional
                          technology and innovation hub under this
                          subsection shall not exceed amounts as follows:
                                        ``(I) In the case of a regional
                                    technology and innovation hub that
                                    primarily serves a small and rural
                                    community or other underserved
                                    community, in a fiscal year, 90 percent
                                    of the total funding of the regional
                                    technology and innovation hub in that
                                    fiscal year.
                                        ``(II) In the case of a regional
                                    technology and innovation hub that is
                                    led by a Tribal government, in a fiscal
                                    year, 100 percent of the total funding
                                    of the regional technology and
                                    innovation hub in that fiscal year.
                              ``(ii) Minimum threshold of rural
                          representation.--For purposes of clause (i)(I),
                          the Secretary shall establish a minimum threshold
                          of rural representation in the regional technology
                          and innovation hub.
                        ``(D) In-kind contributions.--For purposes of this
                    paragraph, in-kind contributions may be used for part of
                    the non-Federal share of the total funding of a regional
                    technology and innovation hub in a fiscal year.
                ``(6) Grants for infrastructure.--Any grant or cooperative
            agreement awarded under this subsection to support the
            construction of facilities and site connectivity infrastructure
            shall be awarded pursuant to section 201 of the Public Works and
            Economic Development Act of 1965 (42 U.S.C. 3141) and subject to
            the provisions of such Act, except that subsection

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1651]]

            (b) of such section and sections 204 and 301 of such Act (42
            U.S.C. 3144; 3161) shall not apply.
                ``(7) Relation to certain grant awards.--The Secretary shall
            not require a regional technology and innovation hub to receive
            a grant or cooperative agreement under subsection (e) in order
            to receive a grant or cooperative agreement under this
            subsection.

        ``(g) Applications.--An eligible consortium seeking designation as a
    regional technology and innovation hub under subsection (d) or a grant
    or cooperative agreement under subsection (e) or (f) shall submit to the
    Secretary an application therefore at such time, in such manner, and
    containing such information as the Secretary may specify.
        ``(h) <<NOTE: Contracts.>>  Considerations for Designation and Award
    of Strategy Implementation Grants and Cooperative Agreements.--In
    selecting an eligible consortium that submitted an application under
    subsection (g) for designation under subsection (d) or for a grant or
    cooperative agreement under subsection (f), the Secretary shall consider
    the following:
                ``(1) The potential of the eligible consortium to advance
            the research, development, deployment, and domestic
            manufacturing of technologies in a key technology focus area, as
            described in section 10387 of the Research and Development,
            Competition, and Innovation Act or other technology or
            innovation sector critical to national security and economic
            competitiveness.
                ``(2) The likelihood of positive regional economic effect,
            including increasing the number of high wage domestic jobs,
            creating new economic opportunities for economically
            disadvantaged and underrepresented populations, and building and
            retaining wealth in the region.
                ``(3) How the eligible consortium plans to integrate with
            and leverage the resources of 1 or more federally funded
            research and development centers, National Laboratories, Federal
            laboratories, Manufacturing USA institutes, Hollings
            Manufacturing Extension Partnership centers, regional innovation
            engines or translation accelerators established under sections
            10388 and 10389 of the Research and Development, Competition,
            and Innovation Act, test beds established and operated under
            section 10390 of such Act, or other Federal entities.
                ``(4) How the eligible consortium will engage with the
            private sector, including small- and medium-sized businesses and
            cooperatives, and employee-owned businesses and cooperatives, to
            commercialize new technologies and improve the resiliency and
            sustainability of domestic supply chains in a key technology
            focus area, or other technology or innovation sector critical to
            national security and economic competitiveness.
                ``(5) How the eligible consortium will carry out workforce
            development and skills acquisition programming, including
            through partnerships with entities that include State and local
            workforce development boards, institutions of higher education,
            including community colleges, historically Black colleges and
            universities, Tribal Colleges or Universities, and minority-
            serving institutions, labor organizations, nonprofit
            organizations, workforce development programs, and other related
            activities authorized by the Secretary, to support the
            development of a skilled technical workforce for the regional
            technology

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1652]]

            and innovation hub, including key technology focus area or other
            technology or innovation sector critical to national security
            and economic competitiveness.
                ``(6) How the eligible consortium will improve or expand
            science, technology, engineering, and mathematics education
            programs and opportunities in the identified region in
            elementary and secondary school and higher education
            institutions located in the identified region to support the
            development of a key technology focus area or other technology
            or innovation sector critical to national security and economic
            competitiveness.
                ``(7) How the eligible consortium plans to develop
            partnerships with venture development organizations, community
            development financial institutions and minority depository
            institutions, and sources of private investment in support of
            private sector activity, including launching new or expanding
            existing companies in a key technology focus area or other
            technology or innovation sector critical to national security
            and economic competitiveness.
                ``(8) How the eligible consortium plans to organize the
            activities of regional partners across sectors in support of a
            regional technology and innovation hub.
                ``(9) How the eligible consortium considers opportunities to
            support local and regional businesses through procurement,
            including from minority-owned and women-owned businesses.
                ``(10) How the eligible consortium will ensure that growth
            in technology, innovation, and advanced manufacturing sectors
            produces opportunity across the identified region and for
            economically disadvantaged, minority, underrepresented and rural
            populations, including, as appropriate, consideration of how the
            eligible consortium takes into account the relevant impact of
            existing regional status and plans or may affect regional goals
            for affordable housing availability, local and regional
            transportation, high-speed internet access, and primary and
            secondary education.
                ``(11) How well the region's education institutions align
            their activities, including research, educational programs,
            training, with the proposed areas of focus.
                ``(12) The likelihood efforts served by the consortium will
            be sustained once Federal support ends.
                ``(13) How the eligible consortium will, as appropriate--
                        ``(A) enhance the economic, environmental, and
                    energy security of the United States by promoting
                    domestic development, manufacture, and deployment of
                    innovative clean technologies and advanced manufacturing
                    practices; and
                        ``(B) support translational research, technology
                    development, manufacturing innovation, and
                    commercialization activities relating to clean
                    technology.

        ``(i) Coordination and Collaboration.--
                ``(1) Coordination with regional innovation program.--The
            Secretary shall ensure the activities under this section do not
            duplicate activities or efforts under section 27.
                ``(2) Coordination among hubs.--The Secretary shall ensure
            eligible consortia that receive a grant or cooperative agreement
            under this section coordinate and share best practices for
            regional economic development.

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1653]]

                ``(3) Coordination with programs of the national institute
            of standards and technology.--The Secretary shall coordinate the
            activities of regional technology and innovation hubs designated
            under this section, the Hollings Manufacturing Extension
            Partnership, and the Manufacturing USA Program, as the Secretary
            considers appropriate, to maintain the effectiveness of a
            manufacturing extension center or a Manufacturing USA institute.
                ``(4) Coordination with department of energy programs.--The
            Secretary shall, in collaboration with the Secretary of Energy,
            coordinate the activities and selection of regional technology
            and innovation hubs designated under this section, as the
            Secretaries consider appropriate, to maintain the effectiveness
            of activities at the Department of Energy and the National
            Laboratories.
                ``(5) Interagency collaboration.--In designating regional
            technology and innovation hubs under subsection (d) and awarding
            grants or cooperative agreements under subsection (f), the
            Secretary--
                        ``(A) shall collaborate with Federal departments and
                    agencies whose missions contribute to the goals of the
                    regional technology and innovation hub;
                        ``(B) <<NOTE: Consultation.>>  shall consult with
                    the Director of the National Science Foundation for the
                    purpose of ensuring that the regional technology and
                    innovation hubs are aligned with relevant science,
                    technology, and engineering expertise; and
                        ``(C) may accept funds from other Federal agencies
                    to support grants, cooperative agreements, and
                    activities under this section.

        ``(j) <<NOTE: Contracts.>>  Performance Measurement, Transparency,
    and Accountability.--
                ``(1) Metrics, standards, and assessment.--For each grant
            and cooperative agreement awarded under subsection (f) for a
            regional technology and innovation hub, the Secretary shall--
                        ``(A) <<NOTE: Consultation.>>  in consultation with
                    the regional technology and innovation hub, develop
                    metrics, which may include metrics relating to domestic
                    job creation, patent awards, increases in research
                    funding, business formation and expansion, and
                    participation of individuals or communities historically
                    underrepresented in STEM, to assess the effectiveness of
                    the activities funded in making progress toward the
                    purposes set forth under subsection (b)(1);
                        ``(B) establish standards for the performance of the
                    regional technology and innovation hub that are based on
                    the metrics developed under subparagraph (A); and
                        ``(C) <<NOTE: Time period.>>  prior to any award
                    made under a subsequent performance period in subsection
                    (f) and every 2 years thereafter until Federal financial
                    assistance under this section for the regional
                    technology and innovation hub is discontinued, conduct
                    an assessment of the regional technology and innovation
                    hub to confirm whether the performance of the regional
                    technology and innovation hub is meeting the standards
                    for performance established under subparagraph (B) of
                    this paragraph.
                ``(2) Final reports by recipients of strategy implementation
            grants and cooperative agreements.--

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1654]]

                        ``(A) <<NOTE: Requirement.>>  In general.--The
                    Secretary shall require each eligible consortium that
                    receives a grant or cooperative agreement under
                    subsection (f) for activities of a regional technology
                    and innovation hub, as a condition of receipt of such
                    grant or cooperative agreement, to submit to the
                    Secretary, not later than 120 days after the last day of
                    the term of the grant or cooperative agreement, a report
                    on the activities of the regional technology and
                    innovation hub supported by the grant or cooperative
                    agreement.
                        ``(B) Contents of report.--Each report submitted by
                    an eligible consortium under subparagraph (A) shall
                    include the following:
                              ``(i) A detailed description of the activities
                          carried out by the regional technology and
                          innovation hub using the grant or cooperative
                          agreement described in subparagraph (A), including
                          the following:
                                        ``(I) A description of each project
                                    the regional technology and innovation
                                    hub completed using such grant or
                                    cooperative agreement.
                                        ``(II) An explanation of how each
                                    project described in subclause (I)
                                    achieves a specific goal under this
                                    section in the region of the regional
                                    technology and innovation hub with
                                    respect to--
                                                ``(aa) the resiliency and
                                            sustainability of a supply
                                            chain;
                                                ``(bb) research,
                                            development, and deployment of a
                                            critical technology;
                                                ``(cc) workforce training
                                            and development;
                                                ``(dd) domestic job
                                            creation;
                                                ``(ee) entrepreneurship and
                                            company formation;
                                                ``(ff) commercialization;
                                                ``(gg) access to private
                                            capital; or
                                                ``(hh) participation of
                                            individuals or communities
                                            historically underrepresented in
                                            STEM.
                              ``(ii) A discussion of any obstacles
                          encountered by the regional technology and
                          innovation hub in the implementation of the
                          regional technology and innovation hub and how the
                          regional technology and innovation hub overcame
                          those obstacles.
                              ``(iii) <<NOTE: Evaluations.>> An evaluation
                          of the success of the projects of the regional
                          technology and innovation hub using the
                          performance standards and measures established
                          under paragraph (1), including an evaluation of
                          the planning process and how the project
                          contributes to carrying out the regional
                          innovation strategy of the regional technology and
                          innovation hub.
                              ``(iv) The effectiveness of the regional
                          technology and innovation hub in ensuring that, in
                          the region of the regional technology and
                          innovation hub, growth in technology and
                          innovation sectors produces broadly shared
                          opportunity across the region, including for
                          economic disadvantaged and underrepresented
                          populations and rural areas.
                              ``(v) Information regarding such other matters
                          as the Secretary may require.

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1655]]

                ``(3) Interim reports by recipients of grants and
            cooperative agreements.--In addition to requiring submittal of
            final reports under paragraph (2)(A), the Secretary may require
            a regional technology and innovation hub described in such
            paragraph to submit to the Secretary such interim reports as the
            Secretary considers appropriate.
                ``(4) Annual reports to congress.--Not less frequently than
            once each year, the Secretary shall submit to the appropriate
            committees of Congress an annual report on the results of the
            assessments conducted by the Secretary under paragraph (1)(C)
            during the period covered by the report.

        ``(k) <<NOTE: Time period.>>  Authorization of Appropriations.--
    There is authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary--
                ``(1) $50,000,000 to award grants and cooperative agreements
            under subsection (e) for the period of fiscal years 2023 through
            2027;
                ``(2) $2,950,000,000 to award grants and cooperative
            agreements under subsection (f) for the period of fiscal years
            2023 and 2024; and
                ``(3) $7,000,000,000 to award grants and cooperative
            agreements under subsection (f) for the period of fiscal years
            2025 through 2027.

        ``(l) Administration.--The Secretary may use funds made available to
    carry out this section for administrative costs under this section.
    ``SEC. 29. <<NOTE: 15 USC 3722b.>>  DISTRESSED AREA RECOMPETE
                          PILOT PROGRAM.

        ``(a) <<NOTE: Grants.>>  In General.--Within the program authorized
    under section 28, the Secretary is authorized to establish a pilot
    program, to be known as the `Recompete Pilot Program', to provide grants
    to eligible recipients representing eligible areas or Tribal lands to
    alleviate persistent economic distress and support long-term
    comprehensive economic development and job creation in eligible areas.

        ``(b) <<NOTE: Contracts.>>  Strategy Development Grants and
    Cooperative Agreements.--Subject to available appropriations, the
    Secretary is authorized, on the application of an eligible recipient, to
    award up to one half of the number of grants under subsection (e) of
    section 28 to eligible recipients to develop a recompete plan and carry
    out related predevelopment activities.

        ``(c) <<NOTE: Contracts.>>  Strategy Implementation Grants and
    Cooperative Agreements.--Subject to available appropriations and
    subsection (f) , the Secretary shall award, on the application of an
    eligible recipient, at least ten strategy implementation grants, in
    accordance with a recompete plan review and approved by the Secretary,
    to carry out coordinated and comprehensive economic development programs
    and activities in an eligible area, consistent with a recompete plan
    approved by the Secretary. Such activities may include--
                ``(1) workforce development activities of the kind described
            in section 28(f) or other job training and workforce outreach
            programs oriented to local employer needs, such as--
                        ``(A) customized job training programs carried out
                    by local community colleges and other training or
                    educational organizations in partnership with local
                    businesses;
                        ``(B) workforce outreach programs located in, and
                    targeted to, lower-income and underemployed
                    neighborhoods; and

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1656]]

                        ``(C) programs to embed job placement and training
                    services in neighborhood institutions such as churches,
                    housing projects, and community advocacy programs; and
                        ``(D) job retention programs and activities, such as
                    the provision of career coaches;
                ``(2) business and entrepreneur development activities of
            the kind described in section 28(f), technology development and
            maturation activities of the kind described in such section, or
            the provision of business advice and assistance to small and
            medium-sized local businesses and entrepreneurs. Such advice and
            assistance may include--
                        ``(A) manufacturing extension services;
                        ``(B) small business development centers;
                        ``(C) centers to help businesses bid for Federal
                    procurement contracts;
                        ``(D) entrepreneurial assistance programs that link
                    entrepreneurs with available public and private
                    resources;
                        ``(E) legal advice and resources; and
                        ``(F) assistance in accessing capital;
                ``(3) infrastructure related activities of the kind
            described in section 28(f) or other land and site development
            programs, such as brownfield redevelopment, research and
            technology parks, business incubators, business corridor
            development, and other infrastructure activities related to
            supporting job creation and employment for residents, subject to
            the requirements of section 28(f)(6); and
                ``(4) additional planning, predevelopment, technical
            assistance, and other administrative activities as may be
            necessary for the ongoing implementation, administration, and
            operation of the programs and activities carried out with a
            grant or cooperative agreement under this section, including but
            not limited to economic development planning and evaluation.

        ``(d) Term.--
                ``(1) Initial performance period.--The term of an initial
            grant or cooperative agreement awarded under subsection (c)
            shall be for a period that the Secretary deems appropriate for
            the proposed activities but not less than 2 years.
                ``(2) <<NOTE: Determination.>>  Subsequent performance
            period.--The Secretary may renew a grant or cooperative
            agreement awarded under subsection (c) for such period, such
            amount, and such terms as the Secretary considers appropriate,
            if the Secretary determines that the recipient of an award under
            subsection (c) has made satisfactory progress towards metrics or
            benchmarking requirements established by the Secretary at time
            of award.
                ``(3) Flexible approach.--In renewing a grant or cooperative
            agreement under subsection (c), the Secretary may approve new or
            additional uses of funds, consistent with the uses described in
            subsection (c), to meet changes in the needs of the region.

        ``(e) Limitations.--
                ``(1) Limitation on eligible areas.--An eligible area may
            not benefit from more than 1 grant or cooperative agreement
            described in subsection (b) and 1 grant or cooperative agreement
            described in subsection (c), provided that a renewal described
            in subsection (d)(2) shall not constitute an additional grant.

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1657]]

                ``(2) Limitation on recipients.--For purposes of the program
            under this section, an eligible recipient may not receive
            multiple grants described in subsection (c) on behalf of more
            than 1 eligible area.

        ``(f) Award Amount.--
                ``(1) <<NOTE: Determination.>>  In general.--In determining
            the amount of a grant that an eligible recipient may be awarded
            under subsection (c), the Secretary shall--
                        ``(A) take into consideration the proposed
                    activities and projected expenditures outlined in an
                    approved recompete plan; and
                        ``(B) award not more than the product obtained by
                    multiplying--
                              ``(i) the prime-age employment gap of the
                          eligible area;
                              ``(ii) the prime-age population of the
                          eligible area; and
                              ``(iii) either--
                                        ``(I) $70,585 for local labor
                                    markets; or
                                        ``(II) $53,600 for local
                                    communities.
                ``(2) Minimum amount.--The Secretary may not make an award
            that is less than $20,000,000 to an eligible recipient.

        ``(g) <<NOTE: Determinations.>>  Applications.--To be considered for
    a grant or cooperative agreement under--
                ``(1) subsection (b) of this section, an eligible recipient
            shall submit to the Secretary an application at such time, in
            such manner, and containing such information as the Secretary
            determines to be appropriate; and
                ``(2) <<NOTE: Plan.>>  subsection (c) of this section, an
            eligible recipient shall submit to the Secretary an application
            at such time, in such manner, and containing such information as
            the Secretary determines to be appropriate, including a
            recompete plan approved by the Secretary.

        ``(h) Relation to Certain Grant Awards.--The Secretary shall not
    require an eligible recipient to receive a grant or cooperative
    agreement under subsection (b) in order to receive a grant or
    cooperative agreement under subsection (c).
        ``(i) <<NOTE: Time period.>> Authorization of Appropriations.--There
    is authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary $1,000,000,000 to
    award grants and cooperative agreements under subsection (c) of this
    section, for the period of fiscal years 2022 through 2026.

        ``(j) Definitions.--In this section:
                ``(1) Eligible area.--The term `eligible area' means either
            of the following:
                        ``(A) A local labor market that--
                              ``(i) has a prime-age employment gap equal to
                          not less than 2.5 percent; and
                              ``(ii) meets additional criteria as the
                          Secretary may establish.
                        ``(B) A local community that--
                              ``(i) has a prime-age employment gap equal to
                          not less than 5 percent;
                              ``(ii) is not located within an eligible local
                          labor market that meets the criteria described in
                          subparagraph (A);
                              ``(iii) has a median annual household income
                          of not more than $75,000; and

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1658]]

                              ``(iv) meets additional criteria as the
                          Secretary may establish.
                ``(2) Eligible recipient.--The term `eligible recipient'
            means a specified entity that has been authorized in a manner as
            determined by the Secretary to represent and act on behalf of an
            eligible area for the purposes of this section.
                ``(3) Local labor market.--The term `local labor market'
            means any of the following areas that contains 1 or more
            specified entities described in subparagraphs (A) through (D) of
            paragraph (6):
                        ``(A) A metropolitan statistical area or
                    micropolitan statistical area, excluding any area
                    described in subparagraph (C).
                        ``(B) A commuting zone, excluding any areas
                    described in subparagraphs (A) and (C).
                        ``(C) The Tribal land with a Tribal prime-age
                    population represented by a Tribal government.
                ``(4) Local community.--The term `local community' means the
            area served by a general-purpose unit of local government that
            is located within, but does not cover the entire area of, a
            local labor market that does not meet the criteria described in
            paragraph (1)(A).
                ``(5) Prime-age employment gap.--
                        ``(A) In general.--The term `prime-age employment
                    gap' means the difference (expressed as a percentage)
                    between--
                              ``(i) the national 5-year average prime-age
                          employment rate; and
                              ``(ii) the 5-year average prime-age employment
                          rate of the eligible area.
                        ``(B) Calculation.--For the purposes of subparagraph
                    (A), an individual is prime-age if such individual
                    between the ages of 25 years and 54 years.
                ``(6) Recompete plan.--The term `recompete plan' means a
            comprehensive multiyear economic development plan that--
                        ``(A) includes--
                              ``(i) proposed programs and activities to be
                          carried out with a grant awarded under subsection
                          (c) to address the economic challenges of the
                          eligible area in a comprehensive manner that
                          promotes long-term, sustained economic growth,
                          lasting job creation, per capita wage increases,
                          and reduction in the prime-age employment gap of
                          the eligible area;
                              ``(ii) projected costs and annual expenditures
                          and proposed disbursement schedule;
                              ``(iii) the roles and responsibilities of
                          specified entities that may receive grant funds
                          awarded under subsection (c); and
                              ``(iv) other information as the Secretary
                          determines appropriate;
                        ``(B) is submitted to the Secretary for approval for
                    an eligible recipient to be considered for a grant
                    described in subsection (c); and
                        ``(C) <<NOTE: Determination.>>  may be modified over
                    the term of the grant by the eligible recipient, subject
                    to the approval of the Secretary or at the direction of
                    the Secretary, if the Secretary

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1659]]

                    determines benchmarking requirements are repeatedly not
                    met or if other circumstances necessitate a
                    modification.
                ``(7) Specified entity.--The term `specified entity' means--
                        ``(A) a unit of local government;
                        ``(B) the District of Columbia;
                        ``(C) a territory of the United States;
                        ``(D) a Tribal government;
                        ``(E) political subdivision of a State or other
                    entity, including a special-purpose entity engaged in
                    economic development activities;
                        ``(F) a public entity or nonprofit organization,
                    acting in cooperation with the officials of a political
                    subdivision of a State or other entity described in
                    subparagraph (E);
                        ``(G) an economic development district (as defined
                    in section 3 of the Public Works and Economic
                    Development Act of 1965 (42 U.S.C. 3122); and
                        ``(H) a consortium of any of the specified entities
                    described in this paragraph which serve or are contained
                    within the same eligible area.
                ``(8) Tribal land.--The term `Tribal land' means any land--
                        ``(A) located within the boundaries of an Indian
                    reservation, pueblo, or rancheria; or
                        ``(B) not located within the boundaries of an Indian
                    reservation, pueblo, or rancheria, the title to which is
                    held--
                              ``(i) in trust by the United States for the
                          benefit of an Indian Tribe or an individual
                          Indian;
                              ``(ii) by an Indian Tribe or an individual
                          Indian, subject to restriction against alienation
                          under laws of the United States; or
                              ``(iii) by a dependent Indian community.
                ``(9) Tribal prime-age population.--
                        ``(A) In general.--The term `Tribal prime-age
                    population' shall be equal to the sum obtained by
                    adding--
                              ``(i) the product obtained by multiplying--
                                        ``(I) the total number of
                                    individuals ages 25 through 54 residing
                                    on the Tribal land of the Tribal
                                    government; and
                                        ``(II) 0.65; and
                              ``(ii) the product obtained by multiplying--
                                        ``(I) the total number of
                                    individuals ages 25 through 54 included
                                    on the membership roll of the Tribal
                                    government; and
                                        ``(II) 0.35
                        ``(B) <<NOTE: Determination.>> Use of data.--A
                    calculation under subparagraph (A) shall be determined
                    based on data provided by the applicable Tribal
                    government to the Department of the Treasury under the
                    Coronavirus State and Local Fiscal Recovery Fund
                    programs under title VI of the Social Security Act (42
                    U.S.C. 801 et seq.).''.

        (b) <<NOTE: 15 USC 3722a note.>>  Initial Designations and Awards.--
                (1) Competition required.--Not later than 1 year after the
            date of the enactment of this Act, subject to the availability
            of appropriations, the Secretary of Commerce shall commence

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1660]]

            a competition under subsection (d)(1) of section 28 of the
            Stevenson-Wydler Technology Innovation Act of 1980 (as added by
            this section).
                (2) Designation and award.--Not later than 18 months after
            the date of the enactment of this Act, if the Secretary has
            received at least 1 application under subsection (g) of section
            28 of the Stevenson-Wydler Technology Innovation Act of 1980 (as
            added by this section) from an eligible consortium which the
            Secretary considers suitable for designation under subsection
            (d)(1) of such section 28, the Secretary shall--
                        (A) designate at least 1 regional technology and
                    innovation hub under subsection (d)(1) of such section
                    28; and
                        (B) award a grant or cooperative agreement under
                    subsection (f)(1) of such section 28 to each regional
                    technology and innovation hub designated pursuant to
                    subparagraph (A) of this paragraph.

        (c) <<NOTE: 15 USC 3722b note.>>  Distressed Area Designation and
    Award.--Not later than 18 months after the date of the enactment of this
    section, subject to the availability of appropriations, if the Secretary
    has received applications under section 29 of the Stevenson-Wydler
    Technology Innovation Act of 1980 (as added by this section) from an
    eligible recipient which the Secretary considers suitable for award
    under such section 29, the Secretary shall award grants or cooperative
    agreement under subsections (b) and (c) of such section 29 to one or
    more eligible recipients.
    SEC. 10622. REGIONAL CLEAN ENERGY INNOVATION PROGRAM.

        Subtitle C of title IX of the Energy Independence and Security Act
    of 2007 is amended by adding at the end the following:
    ``SEC. 936. <<NOTE: 42 USC 17375.>>  REGIONAL CLEAN ENERGY
                            INNOVATION PROGRAM.

        ``(a) Definitions.--In this section:
                ``(1) Regional clean energy innovation partnership.--The
            term `regional clean energy innovation partnership' means a
            group of one or more persons, including a covered consortium,
            who perform a collection of activities that are coordinated by
            such covered consortium to carry out the purposes of the program
            under subsection (c) in a region of the United States.
                ``(2) Covered consortium.--The term `covered consortium'
            means an individual or group of individuals in partnership with
            a government entity, including a State, territorial, local, or
            tribal government or unit of such government, and at least 2 or
            more of the following additional entities--
                        ``(A) an institution of higher education or a
                    consortium of institutions of higher education,
                    including community colleges;
                        ``(B) a workforce development program;
                        ``(C) a private sector entity or group of entities,
                    including a trade or industry association;
                        ``(D) a nonprofit organization;
                        ``(E) a community group or community-based
                    organization;
                        ``(F) a labor organization or joint labor-management
                    organization;
                        ``(G) a National Laboratory;
                        ``(H) a venture development organization;
                        ``(I) a community development financial institution
                    or minority depository institution;

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1661]]

                        ``(J) a worker cooperative membership association or
                    state or local employee ownership or cooperative
                    development center;
                        ``(K) an organization focused on clean energy
                    technology innovation or entrepreneurship;
                        ``(L) a business or clean energy accelerator or
                    incubator;
                        ``(M) an economic development organization;
                        ``(N) a manufacturing facility or organization;
                        ``(O) a multi-institutional collaboration; or
                        ``(P) any other entity that the Secretary determines
                    to be relevant.
                ``(3) Program.--The term `program' means the Regional Clean
            Energy Innovation Program authorized in subsection (b).
                ``(4) Institution of higher education.--The term
            `institution of higher education' has the meaning given such
            term in section 101 or 102(a)(1)(B) of the Higher Education Act
            of 1965, as amended (20 U.S.C. 1001, 1002(a)(1)(B)).
                ``(5) National laboratory.--The term `National Laboratory'
            has the meaning given that term in section 2 of the Energy
            Policy Act of 2005 (42 2 U.S.C. 15801).
                ``(6) Clean energy technology.--The term `clean energy
            technology' means a technology that significantly reduces energy
            use, increases energy efficiency, reduces greenhouse gas
            emissions, reduces emissions of other pollutants, or mitigates
            other negative environmental consequences of energy production,
            transmission or use.
                ``(7) Community-based organization.--The term `community-
            based organization' has the meaning given the term in section 3
            of the Workforce Innovation and Opportunity Act (29 U.S.C.
            3102).
                ``(8) Community college.--The term `community college'
            means--
                        ``(A) a public institution of higher education,
                    including additional locations, at which the highest
                    degree, or the predominantly awarded degree, is an
                    associate degree; or
                        ``(B) any Tribal college or university (as defined
                    in section 316 of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20
                    U.S.C. 1059c)).
                ``(9) Workforce development program.--The term `workforce
            development program' has the meaning given the term in section 3
            of the Workforce Innovation and Opportunity Act (29 U.S.C.
            3102).

        ``(b) In General.--The Secretary shall establish a Regional Clean
    Energy Innovation Program, a research, development, demonstration, and
    commercial application program designed to enhance the economic,
    environmental, and energy security of the United States and accelerate
    the pace of innovation of diverse clean energy technologies through the
    formation or support of regional clean energy innovation partnerships.
        ``(c) Purposes of the Program.--The purposes of the Program
    established under subsection (b) are to--
                ``(1) improve the competitiveness of United States' clean
            energy technology research, development, demonstration, and
            commercial application; and

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1662]]

                ``(2) support the development of tools and technologies best
            suited for use in diverse regions of the United States,
            including in rural, tribal, and low-income communities.

        ``(d) Regional Clean Energy Innovation Partnerships.--
                ``(1) <<NOTE: Grants.>> In general.--The Secretary shall
            competitively award grants to covered consortia to establish or
            support regional clean energy innovation partnerships that
            achieve the purposes of the Program in subsection (c).
                ``(2) <<NOTE: Determination.>>  Permissible activities.--
            Grants awarded under this subsection shall be used for
            activities determined appropriate by the Secretary to achieve
            the purposes of the Program in subsection (c), including--
                        ``(A) facilitating the commercial application of
                    clean energy products, processes, and services,
                    including through research, development, demonstration,
                    or technology transfer;
                        ``(B) planning among participants of a regional
                    clean energy innovation partnership to improve the
                    strategic and cost-effective coordination of the
                    partnership;
                        ``(C) improving stakeholder involvement in the
                    development of goals and activities of a regional clean
                    energy innovation partnership;
                        ``(D) <<NOTE: Assessments.>>  assessing different
                    incentive mechanisms for clean energy development and
                    commercial application in the region;
                        ``(E) hosting events and conferences; and
                        ``(F) <<NOTE: Update.>>  establishing and updating
                    roadmaps to measure progress on relevant goals, such as
                    those relevant to metrics developed under subsection
                    (g).
                ``(3) Applications.--Each application submitted to the
            Secretary under paragraph (1) may include--
                        ``(A) <<NOTE: List.>>  a list of members and roles
                    of members of the covered consortia, as well as any
                    other stakeholders supporting the activities of the
                    regional clean energy innovation partnership;
                        ``(B) <<NOTE: Assessment.>>  an assessment of the
                    relevant clean energy innovation assets needed in a
                    region to achieve proposed outcomes, such as education
                    and workforce development programs, research facilities,
                    infrastructure or site development, access to capital,
                    manufacturing capabilities, or other assets;
                        ``(C) a description of proposed activities that the
                    regional clean energy innovation partnership plans to
                    undertake and how the proposed activities will achieve
                    the purposes described in subsection (c);
                        ``(D) <<NOTE: Plan.>>  a plan for attracting
                    additional funds and identification of funding sources
                    from non-Federal sources to deliver the proposed
                    outcomes of the regional clean energy innovation
                    partnership;
                        ``(E) <<NOTE: Plan.>>  a plan for partnering and
                    collaborating with community development financial
                    institutions and minority depository institutions, labor
                    organizations and community groups, worker cooperative
                    membership associations, local and state employee
                    ownership and cooperative development centers, and other
                    local institutions in order to promote employee,
                    community, and public ownership in the clean

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1663]]

                    energy sector, and advance models of local economic
                    development that build and retain wealth in the region;
                        ``(F) <<NOTE: Plan.>>  a plan for sustaining
                    activities of the regional clean energy innovation
                    partnership after funds received under this program have
                    been expended; and
                        ``(G) <<NOTE: Budget proposal.>>  a proposed budget,
                    including financial contributions from non-Federal
                    sources.
                ``(4) Considerations.--In selecting covered consortia for
            funding under the Program, the Secretary shall, to the maximum
            extent practicable--
                        ``(A) give special consideration to applications
                    from rural, tribal, and low-income communities; and
                        ``(B) ensure that there is geographic diversity
                    among the covered consortia selected to receive funding.
                ``(5) Award amount.--Grants given out under this Program
            shall be in an amount not greater than $10,000,000, with the
            total grant award in any year less than that in the previous
            year.
                ``(6) <<NOTE: Grants. Time period.>>  Cost share.--For
            grants that are disbursed over the course of three or more
            years, the Secretary shall require, as a condition of receipt of
            funds under this section, that a covered consortium provide not
            less than 50 percent of the funding for the activities of the
            regional clean energy partnership under this section for years
            3, 4, and 5.
                ``(7) Duration.--Each grant under paragraph shall be for a
            period of not longer than 5 years.
                ``(8) <<NOTE: Time period. Review.>> Renewal.--A grant
            awarded under this section may be renewed for a period of not
            more than 5 years, subject to a rigorous merit review based on
            the progress of a regional clean energy innovation partnership
            towards achieving the purposes of the program in subsection (c)
            and the metrics developed under subsection (g).
                ``(9) <<NOTE: Determination.>>  Termination.--Consistent
            with the existing authorities of the Department, the Secretary
            may terminate grant funding under this subsection to covered
            consortia during the performance period if the Secretary
            determines that the regional clean energy innovation partnership
            is underperforming.
                ``(10) Administrative costs.--The Secretary may allow a
            covered consortium that receives funds under this section to
            allocate a portion of the funding received to be used for
            administrative or indirect costs.
                ``(11) Funding.--The Secretary may accept funds from other
            Federal agencies to support funding and activities under this
            section.

        ``(e) <<NOTE: Grants. Time period.>>  Planning Funds.--The Secretary
    may competitively award grants in an amount no greater than $2,000,000
    for a period not longer than 2 years to an entity consisting of a
    government entity, including a State, territorial, local, or tribal
    government or unit of such government or any entity listed under
    subsection (a)(2) to plan a regional clean energy innovation partnership
    or establish a covered consortium for the purpose of applying for funds
    under subsection (b).

        ``(f) Information Sharing.--As part of the program, the Secretary
    shall support the gathering, analysis, and dissemination of information
    on best practices for developing and operating successful regional clean
    energy innovation partnerships.

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1664]]

        ``(g) <<NOTE: Public information. Assessment.>>  Metrics.--In
    evaluating a grant renewal under subsection (d)(8), the Secretary shall
    work with program evaluation experts to develop and make publicly
    available metrics to assess the progress of a regional clean energy
    innovation partnership towards achieving the purposes of the program in
    subsection (c).

        ``(h) Coordination.--In carrying out the program, the Secretary
    shall coordinate with, and avoid unnecessary duplication of, the
    activities carried out under this section with the activities of other
    research entities of the Department or relevant programs at other
    Federal agencies.
        ``(i) Conflicts of Interest.--In carrying out the program, the
    Secretary shall maintain conflict of interest procedures, consistent
    with the conflict of interest procedures of the Department.
        ``(j) <<NOTE: Deadlines. Time period.>> Evaluation by Comptroller
    General.--Not later than 3 years after the date of the enactment of the
    Research and Development, Competition, and Innovation Act, and again 3
    years later, the Comptroller General shall submit to the Committee on
    Science, Space, and Technology of the House of Representatives and the
    Committee on Energy and Natural Resources of the Senate an evaluation on
    the operation of the program during the most recent 3-year period,
    including--
                ``(1) <<NOTE: Assessment.>>  an assessment of the progress
            made towards achieving the purposes specified in subsection (c)
            based on the metrics developed under subsection (g);
                ``(2) <<NOTE: Determination. Recommenda- tions.>>  the
            short-term and long-term metrics used to determine the success
            of the program under subsection (g), and any changes recommended
            to the metrics used;
                ``(3) the regional clean energy innovation partnerships
            established or supported by covered consortia that have received
            grants under subsection (d); and
                ``(4) <<NOTE: Recommenda- tions.>>  any recommendations on
            how the program may be improved.

        ``(k) National Laboratories.--In supporting technology transfer
    activities at the National Laboratories, the Secretary shall encourage
    partnerships with entities that are located in the same region or State
    as the National Laboratory.
        ``(l) Security.--In carrying out the activities under this section,
    the Secretary shall ensure proper security controls are in place to
    protect sensitive information, as appropriate.
        ``(m) No Funds for Construction.--No funds provided to the
    Department of Energy under this section shall be used for construction.
        ``(n) <<NOTE: Time period.>> Authorization of Appropriations.--There
    are authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out this
    section $50,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2023 through 2027.''.

                          Subtitle D--Research Security

    SEC. 10631. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19231.>>  REQUIREMENTS FOR FOREIGN
                                TALENT RECRUITMENT PROGRAMS.

        (a) Purpose.--The purpose of this subtitle is to direct actions to
    prohibit participation in any foreign talent recruitment program by
    personnel of Federal research agencies and to prohibit participation in
    a malign foreign talent recruitment program by covered individuals
    involved with research and development awards from those agencies.

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1665]]

        (b) <<NOTE: Deadline. Coordination. Publication. Guidelines.>>
    Guidance.--Not later than 180 days after the date of the enactment of
    this Act, the Director of the Office of Science and Technology Policy,
    in coordination with the interagency working group established under
    section 1746 of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year
    2020 (42 U.S.C. 6601 note; Public Law 116-92), shall publish and widely
    distribute a uniform set of guidelines for Federal research agencies
    regarding foreign talent recruitment
    programs. <<NOTE: Requirements.>> Such policy guidelines shall--
                (1) prohibit all personnel of each Federal research agency,
            including Federal employees, contract employees, independent
            contractors, individuals serving under the Intergovernmental
            Personnel Act of 1970 (42 U.S.C. 4701 et seq), Visiting
            Scientist, Engineering, and Educator appointments, and special
            government employees other than peer reviewers, from
            participating in a foreign talent recruitment program;
                (2) as part of the requirements under section 223 of the
            William (Mac) Thornberry NDAA of Fiscal Year 2021 (10 U.S.C.
            6605; Public Law 116-283), require covered individuals to
            disclose if such individuals are a party to a foreign talent
            recruitment program contract, agreement, or other arrangement;
                (3) prohibit research and development awards from being made
            for any proposal in which a covered individual is participating
            in a malign foreign talent recruitment program; and
                (4) to the extent practicable, require recipient
            institutions to prohibit covered individuals participating in
            malign foreign talent recruitment programs from working on
            projects supported by research and development awards.

        (c) Definition of Foreign Talent Recruitment Programs.--As part of
    the guidance under subsection (b), the Director of the Office of Science
    and Technology Policy shall define and describe the characteristics of a
    foreign talent recruitment program.
        (d) <<NOTE: Deadline. Policy.>>  Implementation.--Not later than one
    year after the date of the enactment of this Act, each Federal research
    agency shall issue a policy utilizing the guidelines under subsection
    (b).

        (e) Consistency.--The Director of the Office of Science and
    Technology Policy shall ensure that the policies issued by the Federal
    research agencies under subsection (d) are consistent to the greatest
    extent practicable.
    SEC. 10632. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19232.>>  MALIGN FOREIGN TALENT
                                RECRUITMENT PROGRAM PROHIBITION.

        (a) <<NOTE: Deadline. Policy. Certifications.>>  In General.--Not
    later than 24 months after the date of enactment of this Act, each
    Federal research agency shall establish a policy that, as part of a
    proposal for a research and development award from the agency--
                (1) <<NOTE: Time period.>>  each covered individual listed
            in such proposal certify that each such individual is not a
            party to a malign foreign talent recruitment program in the
            proposal submission of each such individual and annually
            thereafter for the duration of the award; and
                (2) <<NOTE: Certification. Compliance.>> each institution of
            higher education or other organization applying for such an
            award certify that each covered individual who is employed by
            such institution of higher education or other organization has
            been made aware of the requirements under this section and
            complied with the requirement under paragraph (1).

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1666]]

        (b) <<NOTE: Federal Register, publication. Public comment. Time
    period.>> Stakeholder Input.--In establishing a policy under subsection
    (a), Federal research agencies shall publish a description of the
    proposed policy in the Federal Register and provide an opportunity for
    submission of public comment for a period of not more than 60 days.

        (c) Compliance With Existing Law.--Each Federal research agency and
    recipient shall comply with title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 (42
    U.S.C. 2000d et seq.) in the establishment of policies pursuant to under
    subsection (a).
        (d) International Collaboration.--Each policy developed under
    subsection (a) shall not prohibit, unless such activities are funded,
    organized, or managed by an academic institution or a foreign talent
    recruitment program on the lists developed under paragraphs (8) and (9)
    of section 1286(c) of the John S. McCain National Defense Authorization
    Act for Fiscal Year 2019 (10 U.S.C. 4001 note; Public Law 115-232)--
                (1) <<NOTE: Publication.>>  making scholarly presentations
            and publishing written materials regarding scientific
            information not otherwise controlled under current law;
                (2) participation in international conferences or other
            international exchanges, research projects or programs that
            involve open and reciprocal exchange of scientific information,
            and which are aimed at advancing international scientific
            understanding and not otherwise controlled under current law;
                (3) advising a foreign student enrolled at an institution of
            higher education or writing a recommendation for such a student,
            at such student's request; and
                (4) other international activities determined appropriate by
            the Federal research agency head or designee.

        (e) Limitation.--The certifications required under subsection (a)
    shall not apply retroactively to research and development awards made or
    applied for prior to the establishment of the policy by the Federal
    research agency.
        (f) <<NOTE: Requirement.>>  Training.--Each Federal research agency
    shall ensure that, as a requirement of an award from each such agency,
    recipient institutions provide training on the risks of malign foreign
    talent recruitment programs to covered individuals employed at such
    institutions, including those individuals who are participating in
    activities described in subsection (d).
    SEC. 10633. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19233.>>  REVIEW OF CONTRACTS AND
                                AGREEMENTS.

        (a) <<NOTE: Requirements.>>  In General.--In addition to existing
    authorities for preventing waste, fraud, abuse, and mismanagement of
    Federal funds, each Federal research agency shall have the authority
    to--
                (1) <<NOTE: Records.>> require, upon request, the submission
            to such agency, by an institution of higher education or other
            organization applying for a research and development award, of
            supporting documentation, including copies of contracts, grants,
            or any other agreement specific to foreign appointments,
            employment with a foreign institution, participation in a
            foreign talent recruitment program and other information
            reported as current and pending support for all covered
            individuals in a research and development award application;
                (2) <<NOTE: Compliance.>>  require such institution of
            higher education or other organization to review any documents
            requested under paragraph (1) for compliance with the Federal
            research agency's

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1667]]

            award terms and conditions, including guidance on conflicts of
            interest and conflicts of commitment; and
                (3) <<NOTE: Consultation. Determination.>>  upon receipt and
            review of the information provided under paragraph (1) and in
            consultation with the institution of higher education or other
            organization submitting such information, initiate the
            substitution or removal of a covered individual from a research
            and development award, reduce the award funding amount, or
            suspend or terminate the award if the agency head determines
            such contracts, grants, or agreements include obligations that--
                        (A) interfere with the capacity for agency-supported
                    activities to be carried out; or
                        (B) create duplication with agency-supported
                    activities.

        (b) Limitations.--In exercising the authorities under subsection
    (a), each Federal research agency shall--
                (1) <<NOTE: Privacy.>> take necessary steps, as practicable,
            to protect the privacy of all covered individuals and other
            parties specified in the documentation submitted under paragraph
            (1) of such subsection;
                (2) endeavor to provide justification for requests for
            supporting documentation made under such paragraph;
                (3) <<NOTE: Requirement.>>  require that allegations be
            proven by a preponderance of evidence; and
                (4) <<NOTE: Appeals.>>  as practicable, afford subjects an
            opportunity to provide comments and rebuttal and an opportunity
            to appeal before final administrative action is taken.
    SEC. 10634. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19234.>>  RESEARCH SECURITY TRAINING
                                REQUIREMENT FOR FEDERAL RESEARCH AWARD
                                PERSONNEL.

        (a) Annual Training Requirement.--
                (1) <<NOTE: Deadline. Certifications.>>  In general.--Not
            later than 12 months after the date of the enactment of this
            Act, each Federal research agency shall establish a requirement
            that, as part of an application for a research and development
            award from the agency--
                        (A) <<NOTE: Time period.>>  each covered individual
                    listed on the application for a research and development
                    award certify that each such individual has completed
                    within one year of such application research security
                    training that meets the guidelines developed under
                    subsection (b); and
                        (B) each institution of higher education or other
                    organization applying for such an award certify that
                    each covered individual who is employed by such
                    institution or organization and listed on the
                    application has completed such training.
                (2) Consistency.--The Director of the Office of Science and
            Technology Policy shall ensure that the training requirements
            established by Federal research agencies pursuant to paragraph
            (1) are consistent.

        (b) <<NOTE: Compliance.>>  Training Guidelines.--The Director of the
    Office of Science and Technology Policy, acting through the National
    Science and Technology Council and in accordance with the authority
    provided under section 1746(a) of the National Defense Authorization Act
    for Fiscal Year 2020 (Public Law 116-92; 42 U.S.C. 6601 note), shall,
    taking into consideration stakeholder input, develop guidelines for
    institutions of higher education and other organizations receiving
    Federal research and development funds to use in developing their own
    training programs to address the unique needs,

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1668]]

    challenges, and risk profiles of such institutions and other
    organizations, including adoption of security training modules developed
    under subsection (c), to ensure compliance with National Security
    Presidential Memorandum-33 (relating to strengthening protections of the
    United States Government-supported research and development against
    foreign government interference and exploitation) or any successor
    documents.

        (c) Security Training Modules.--

            (1) <<NOTE: Deadline. Coordination. Consultation. Contracts. Comp
            liance.>>  In general.--Not later than 90 days after the date of
            the enactment of this Act, the Director of the Office of Science
            and Technology Policy, in coordination with the Director of the
            National Science Foundation, the Director of the National
            Institutes of Health, the Secretary of Energy, and the Secretary
            of Defense, and in consultation with the heads of relevant
            Federal research agencies, shall enter into an agreement or
            contract with a qualified entity for the development of online
            research security training modules for the research community
            and participants in the United States research and development
            enterprise to ensure compliance with National Security
            Presidential Memorandum-33 or successor documents, including
            modules--
                        (A) focused on cybersecurity, international
                    collaboration and international travel, foreign
                    interference, and rules for proper use of funds,
                    disclosure, conflict of commitment, and conflict of
                    interest; and
                        (B) tailored to the unique needs of--
                              (i) covered individuals;
                              (ii) undergraduate students, graduate
                          students, and postdoctoral researchers; and
                              (iii) applicants for awards under the SBIR and
                          STTR programs (as such terms are defined in
                          section 9(e) of the Small Business Act (15 U.S.C.
                          638(e)).
                (2) Stakeholder input.--Prior to entering into the agreement
            under paragraph (1), the Director of the Office of Science and
            Technology Policy shall seek input from academic, private
            sector, intelligence, and law enforcement stakeholders regarding
            the scope and content of security training modules, including
            the diversity of needs across institutions of higher education
            and other recipients of different sizes and types, and
            recommendations for minimizing administrative burden on
            recipients and researchers.
                (3) Development.--The Director of the Office of Science and
            Technology Policy shall ensure that the entity referred to in
            paragraph (1)--
                        (A) develops security training modules that can be
                    adapted and utilized across Federal research agencies;
                    and
                        (B) <<NOTE: Plan. Updates.>>  develops and
                    implements a plan for regularly updating such modules as
                    needed.
    SEC. 10635. RESEARCH FUNDS ACCOUNTING.

        (a) Study Period Defined.--In this section the term ``study period''
    means the 5-year period ending on the date of the enactment of this Act.
        (b) Study.--The Comptroller General of the United States shall
    conduct a study on Federal funding made available to foreign entities of
    concern for research, during the study period.

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1669]]

        (c) <<NOTE: Assessments.>>  Matters to Be Included.--The study
    conducted under subsection (b) shall include, to the extent practicable
    with respect to the study period, an assessment of--
                (1) the total amount of Federal funding made available to
            foreign entities of concern for research;
                (2) the total number and types of foreign entities of
            concern to which such funding was made available;
                (3) the requirements relating to the awarding, tracking, and
            monitoring of such funding;
                (4) <<NOTE: Data.>>  any other data available with respect
            to Federal funding made available to foreign entities of concern
            for research; and
                (5) such other matters as the Comptroller General of the
            United States determines appropriate.

        (d) <<NOTE: Deadline.>> Briefing on Available Data.--Not later than
    120 days after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Comptroller
    General of the United States shall brief the Committee on Commerce,
    Science, and Transportation, the Committee on Health, Education, Labor,
    and Pensions, and the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate and
    the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology, the Committee on Energy
    and Commerce, and the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of
    Representatives on the study conducted under subsection (b) and the data
    that is available with respect to Federal funding made available to
    foreign entities of concern for research.

        (e) Report.--The Comptroller General of the United States shall
    submit to the congressional committees specified in subsection (d), by a
    date agreed upon by the Comptroller General and the committees on the
    date of the briefing under such subsection, a report on the findings of
    the study conducted under subsection (b).
    SEC. 10636. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19235.>> PERSON OR ENTITY OF CONCERN
                                PROHIBITION.

        No person published on the list under section 1237(b) of the Strom
    Thurmond National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 1999 (Public
    Law 105-261; 50 U.S.C. 1701 note) or entity identified under section
    1260h of the William M. (Mac) Thornberry National Defense Authorization
    Act for Fiscal Year 2021 (10 U.S.C. 113 note; Public Law 116-283) may
    receive or participate in any grant, award, program, support, or other
    activity under--
                (1) the Directorate established in subtitle G of title III
            of this division;
                (2) section 28(b)(1) of the Stevenson-Wydler Technology
            Innovation Act of 1980 (15 U.S.C. 3701 et seq.), as added by
            section 10621; or
                (3) the Manufacturing USA Program, as improved and expanded
            under subtitle E of title II of this division.
    SEC. 10637. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19236.>>  NONDISCRIMINATION.

        In carrying out requirements under this subtitle, each Federal
    research agency shall ensure that policies and activities developed and
    implemented pursuant to this subtitle are carried out in a manner that
    does not target, stigmatize, or discriminate against individuals on the
    basis of race, ethnicity, or national origin, consistent with title VI
    of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 (42 U.S.C. 2000d et seq.).
    SEC. 10638. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19237.>> DEFINITIONS.

        In this subtitle:

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1670]]

                (1) Covered individual.--The term ``covered individual''
            means an individual who--
                        (A) contributes in a substantive, meaningful way to
                    the scientific development or execution of a research
                    and development project proposed to be carried out with
                    a research and development award from a Federal research
                    agency; and
                        (B) is designated as a covered individual by the
                    Federal research agency concerned.
                (2) <<NOTE: Determination.>> Foreign country of concern.--
            The term ``foreign country of concern'' means the People's
            Republic of China, the Democratic People's Republic of Korea,
            the Russian Federation, the Islamic Republic of Iran, or any
            other country determined to be a country of concern by the
            Secretary of State.
                (3) Foreign entity of concern.--The term ``foreign entity of
            concern'' means a foreign entity that is--
                        (A) designated as a foreign terrorist organization
                    by the Secretary of State under section 219(a) of the
                    Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1189(a));
                        (B) included on the list of specially designated
                    nationals and blocked persons maintained by the Office
                    of Foreign Assets Control of the Department of the
                    Treasury (commonly known as the SDN list);
                        (C) owned by, controlled by, or subject to the
                    jurisdiction or direction of a government of a foreign
                    country that is a covered nation (as such term is
                    defined in section 4872 of title 10, United States
                    Code);
                        (D) alleged by the Attorney General to have been
                    involved in activities for which a conviction was
                    obtained under--
                              (i) chapter 37 of title 18, United States Code
                          (commonly known as the Espionage Act);
                              (ii) section 951 or 1030 of title 18, United
                          States Code;
                              (iii) chapter 90 of title 18, United States
                          Code (commonly known as the Economic Espionage Act
                          of 1996);
                              (iv) the Arms Export Control Act (22 U.S.C.
                          2751 et seq.);
                              (v) section 224, 225, 226, 227, or 236 of the
                          Atomic Energy Act of 1954 (42 U.S.C. 2274, 2275,
                          2276, 2277, and 2284);
                              (vi) the Export Control Reform Act of 2018 (50
                          U.S.C. 4801 et seq.); or
                              (vii) the International Emergency Economic
                          Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1701 et seq.); or

                    (E) <<NOTE: Determination. Consultation.>> determined by
                    the Secretary of Commerce, in consultation with the
                    Secretary of Defense and the Director of National
                    Intelligence, to be engaged in unauthorized conduct that
                    is detrimental to the national security or foreign
                    policy of the United States.
                (4) Malign foreign talent recruitment program.--The term
            ``malign foreign talent recruitment program'' means--
                        (A) any program, position, or activity that includes
                    compensation in the form of cash, in-kind compensation,
                    including research funding, promised future
                    compensation, complimentary foreign travel, things of
                    non de minimis

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1671]]

                    value, honorific titles, career advancement
                    opportunities, or other types of remuneration or
                    consideration directly provided by a foreign country at
                    any level (national, provincial, or local) or their
                    designee, or an entity based in, funded by, or
                    affiliated with a foreign country, whether or not
                    directly sponsored by the foreign country, to the
                    targeted individual, whether directly or indirectly
                    stated in the arrangement, contract, or other
                    documentation at issue, in exchange for the individual--
                              (i) engaging in the unauthorized transfer of
                          intellectual property, materials, data products,
                          or other nonpublic information owned by a United
                          States entity or developed with a Federal research
                          and development award to the government of a
                          foreign country or an entity based in, funded by,
                          or affiliated with a foreign country regardless of
                          whether that government or entity provided support
                          for the development of the intellectual property,
                          materials, or data products;
                              (ii) being required to recruit trainees or
                          researchers to enroll in such program, position,
                          or activity;
                              (iii) establishing a laboratory or company,
                          accepting a faculty position, or undertaking any
                          other employment or appointment in a foreign
                          country or with an entity based in, funded by, or
                          affiliated with a foreign country if such
                          activities are in violation of the standard terms
                          and conditions of a Federal research and
                          development award;
                              (iv) being unable to terminate the foreign
                          talent recruitment program contract or agreement
                          except in extraordinary circumstances;
                              (v) through funding or effort related to the
                          foreign talent recruitment program, being limited
                          in the capacity to carry out a research and
                          development award or required to engage in work
                          that would result in substantial overlap or
                          duplication with a Federal research and
                          development award;
                              (vi) being required to apply for and
                          successfully receive funding from the sponsoring
                          foreign government's funding agencies with the
                          sponsoring foreign organization as the recipient;
                              (vii) being required to omit acknowledgment of
                          the recipient institution with which the
                          individual is affiliated, or the Federal research
                          agency sponsoring the research and development
                          award, contrary to the institutional policies or
                          standard terms and conditions of the Federal
                          research and development award;
                              (viii) being required to not disclose to the
                          Federal research agency or employing institution
                          the participation of such individual in such
                          program, position, or activity; or
                              (ix) having a conflict of interest or conflict
                          of commitment contrary to the standard terms and
                          conditions of the Federal research and development
                          award; and
                        (B) a program that is sponsored by--

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1672]]

                              (i) a foreign country of concern or an entity
                          based in a foreign country of concern, whether or
                          not directly sponsored by the foreign country of
                          concern;
                              (ii) an academic institution on the list
                          developed under section 1286(c)(8) of the John S.
                          McCain National Defense Authorization Act for
                          Fiscal Year 2019 (10 U.S.C. 2358 note; Public Law
                          115-232); or
                              (iii) a foreign talent recruitment program on
                          the list developed under section 1286(c)(9) of the
                          John S. McCain National Defense Authorization Act
                          for Fiscal Year 2019 (10 U.S.C. 2358 note; Public
                          Law 115-232).

       Subtitle E-- <<NOTE: Coastal and Ocean Acidification Research and
     Innovation Act of 2021.>> Coastal and Ocean Acidification Research and
    Innovation
    SEC. 10641. <<NOTE: 33 USC 3701 note.>> SHORT TITLE.

        This subtitle may be cited as the ``Coastal and Ocean Acidification
    Research and Innovation Act of 2021''.
    SEC. 10642. PURPOSES.

        (a) In General.--Section 12402(a) of the Federal Ocean Acidification
    Research and Monitoring Act of 2009 (33 U.S.C. 3701(a)) is amended--
                (1) in paragraph (1)--
                        (A) in the matter preceding subparagraph (A), by
                    striking ``development and coordination'' and inserting
                    ``development coordination and implementation'';
                        (B) in subparagraph (A), by striking ``acidification
                    on marine organisms'' and inserting ``acidification and
                    coastal acidification on marine organisms''; and
                        (C) in subparagraph (B), by striking ``establish''
                    and all that follows through the semicolon and inserting
                    ``maintain and advise an interagency research,
                    monitoring, and public outreach program on ocean
                    acidification and coastal acidification;'';
                (2) in paragraph (2), by striking ``establishment'' and
            inserting ``maintenance'';
                (3) in paragraph (3), by inserting ``and coastal
            acidification'' after ``ocean acidification''; and
                (4) in paragraph (4), by striking ``techniques for'' and all
            that follows through the period and inserting ``mitigating the
            impacts of ocean and coastal acidification and related co-
            stressors on marine ecosystems.''.

        (b) Technical and Conforming Amendment.--Section 12402 of the
    Federal Ocean Acidification Research and Monitoring Act of 2009 (33
    U.S.C. 3701(a)) is amended by striking ``(a) Purposes.--''.
    SEC. 10643. DEFINITIONS.

        Section 12403 of the Federal Ocean Acidification Research and
    Monitoring Act of 2009 (33 U.S.C. 3702) is amended--
                (1) in paragraph (1), by striking ``of the Earth's oceans''
            and all that follows before the period at the end and inserting
            ``and changes in the water chemistry of the Earth's oceans,
            coastal estuaries, marine waterways, and Great Lakes caused

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1673]]

            by carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and the breakdown of
            organic matter'';
                (2) in paragraph (3), by striking ``Joint Subcommittee on
            Ocean Science and Technology of the National Science and
            Technology Council'' and inserting ``National Science and
            Technology Council Subcommittee on Ocean Science and
            Technology'';
                (3) by redesignating paragraphs (1), (2), and (3) as
            paragraphs (2), (3), and (4), respectively;
                (4) by inserting before paragraph (2), as so redesignated,
            the following:
                ``(1) Coastal acidification.--The term `coastal
            acidification' means the decrease in pH and changes in the water
            chemistry of coastal oceans, estuaries, and Great Lakes from
            atmospheric pollution, freshwater inputs, and excess nutrient
            run-off from land.''; and
                (5) by adding at the end the following:
                ``(5) State.--The term `State' means each State of the
            United States, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of
            Puerto Rico, American Samoa, Guam, the Commonwealth of the
            Northern Mariana Islands, the Virgin Islands of the United
            States, and any other territory or possession of the United
            States.''.
    SEC. 10644. INTERAGENCY WORKING GROUP.

        Section 12404 of the Federal Ocean Acidification Research and
    Monitoring Act of 2009 (33 U.S.C. 3703) is amended--
                (1) in the heading, by striking ``subcommittee'' and
            inserting ``working group'';
                (2) in subsection (a)--
                        (A) in paragraph (1), by striking ``Joint
                    Subcommittee on Ocean Science and Technology of the
                    National Science and Technology Council shall coordinate
                    Federal activities on ocean acidification and
                    establish'' and insert ``Subcommittee shall coordinate
                    Federal activities on ocean and coastal acidification
                    and establish and maintain'';
                        (B) in paragraph (2), by striking ``Wildlife
                    Service,'' and inserting ``Wildlife Service, the Bureau
                    of Ocean Energy Management, the Environmental Protection
                    Agency, the Department of Agriculture, the Department of
                    State, the Department of Energy, the Department of the
                    Navy, the National Park Service, the Bureau of Indian
                    Affairs, the National Institute of Standards and
                    Technology, the Smithsonian Institution,''; and
                        (C) in paragraph (3), in the heading, by striking
                    ``Chairman'' and inserting ``Chair'';
                (3) in subsection (b)--
                        (A) in paragraph (2)--
                              (i) in subparagraph (A), by inserting ``and
                          coastal acidification'' after ``ocean
                          acidification''; and
                              (ii) in subparagraph (B), by inserting ``and
                          coastal acidification'' after ``ocean
                          acidification'';
                        (B) in paragraph (4), by striking ``; and'' and
                    inserting a semicolon; and
                        (C) in paragraph (5)--
                              (i) by inserting ``, and contribute to as
                          appropriate,'' after ``designate'';

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1674]]

                              (ii) by striking ``developed'' and inserting
                          ``and coastal acidification developed''; and
                              (iii) by striking the period at the end and
                          inserting ``and coastal acidification; and''.
                (4) in subsection (c)--
                        (A) in paragraph (2)--
                              (i) by inserting ``until 2032'' after ``every
                          2 years thereafter'';
                              (ii) by inserting ``, and to the Office of
                          Management and Budget,'' after ``House of
                          Representatives''; and
                              (iii) in subparagraph (B), by striking ``the
                          interagency research'' and inserting ``interagency
                          strategic research'';
                        (B) in paragraph (3), by inserting ``until 2031''
                    after ``at least once every 5 years''; and
                        (C) in paragraph (4), by inserting ``until 2032''
                    after ``and every 6 years thereafter'';
                (5) by redesignating subsection (c) as subsection (e); and
                (6) by inserting after subsection (b) the following:

        ``(c) Advisory Board.--
                ``(1) Establishment.--The Chair of the Subcommittee shall
            establish an Ocean Acidification Advisory Board.
                ``(2) Duties.--The Advisory Board shall--
                        ``(A) maintain a process for reviewing and making
                    recommendations to the Subcommittee on--
                              ``(i) the biennial report specified in
                          subsection (d)(2); and
                              ``(ii) the strategic research plan in
                          subsection (d)(3);
                        ``(B) provide ongoing advice to the Subcommittee and
                    the interagency working group on matters related to
                    Federal activities on ocean and coastal acidification,
                    including impacts and mitigation of ocean and coastal
                    acidification; and
                        ``(C) advise the Subcommittee and the interagency
                    working group on--
                              ``(i) efforts to coordinate research and
                          monitoring activities related to ocean
                          acidification and coastal acidification; and
                              ``(ii) the best practices for the standards
                          developed for data archiving under section
                          12406(d).
                ``(3) Membership.--The Advisory Board shall consist of 25
            members as follows:
                        ``(A) Two representatives of the shellfish, lobster,
                    or crab industry.
                        ``(B) One representative of the finfish industry.
                        ``(C) One representative of seafood processors.
                        ``(D) Three representatives from academia, including
                    both natural and social sciences.
                        ``(E) One representative of recreational fishing.
                        ``(F) One representative of a relevant
                    nongovernmental organization.
                        ``(G) Six representatives from relevant State and
                    local governments with policy or regulatory authorities
                    related to ocean acidification and coastal
                    acidification.
                        ``(H) One representative from the Alaska Ocean
                    Acidification Network or a subsequent entity that
                    represents the same geographical region and has a
                    similar purpose.

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1675]]

                        ``(I) One representative from the California Current
                    Acidification Network or a subsequent entity that
                    represents the same geographical region and has a
                    similar purpose.
                        ``(J) One representative from the Northeast Coastal
                    Acidification Network or a subsequent entity that
                    represents the same geographical region and has a
                    similar purpose.
                        ``(K) One representative from the Southeast Coastal
                    Acidification Network or a subsequent entity that
                    represents the same geographical region and has a
                    similar purpose.
                        ``(L) One representative from the Gulf of Mexico
                    Coastal Acidification Network or a subsequent entity
                    that represents the same geographical region and has a
                    similar purpose.
                        ``(M) One representative from the Mid-Atlantic
                    Coastal Acidification Network or a subsequent entity
                    that represents the same geographical region and has a
                    similar purpose.
                        ``(N) One representative from the Pacific Islands
                    Ocean Observing System or a subsequent entity that
                    represents the island territories and possessions of the
                    United States in the Pacific Ocean, and the State of
                    Hawaii and has a similar purpose.
                        ``(O) One representative from the Caribbean Regional
                    Association for Coastal Ocean Observing or a subsequent
                    entity that represents Puerto Rico and the United States
                    Virgin Islands and has a similar purpose.
                        ``(P) One representative from the National Oceanic
                    and Atmospheric Administration Olympic Coast Ocean
                    Acidification Sentinel Site or a subsequent entity that
                    represents the same geographical representation.
                        ``(Q) One representative from the National Oceanic
                    and Atmospheric Administration shall serve as an ex-
                    officio member of the Advisory Board without a vote.
                ``(4) Appointment of members.--The Chair of the Subcommittee
            shall--
                        ``(A) appoint members to the Advisory Board (taking
                    into account the geographical interests of each
                    individual to be appointed as a member of the Advisory
                    Board to ensure that an appropriate balance of
                    geographical interests are represented by the members of
                    the Advisory Board) who--
                              ``(i) represent the interest group for which
                          each seat is designated;
                              ``(ii) demonstrate expertise on ocean
                          acidification or coastal acidification and its
                          scientific, economic, industry, cultural, and
                          community impacts; and
                              ``(iii) have a record of distinguished service
                          with respect to ocean acidification or coastal
                          acidification, and such impacts;
                        ``(B) give consideration to nominations and
                    recommendations from the members of the interagency
                    working group and the public for such appointments; and

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1676]]

                        ``(C) ensure that an appropriate balance of
                    scientific, industry, State and local resource managers,
                    and geographical interests are represented by the
                    members of the Advisory Board.
                ``(5) Term of membership.--Each member of the Advisory
            Board--
                        ``(A) shall be appointed for a 5-year term; and
                        ``(B) may be appointed to no more than two terms.
                ``(6) Chair.--The Chair of the Subcommittee shall appoint
            one member of the Advisory Board to serve as the Chair of the
            Advisory Board.
                ``(7) <<NOTE: Time period. Consultation.>>  Meetings.--Not
            less than once each calendar year, the Advisory Board shall meet
            at such times and places as may be designated by the Chair of
            the Advisory Board, in consultation with the Chair of the
            Subcommittee and the Chair of the interagency working group.
                ``(8) Briefing.--The Chair of the Advisory Board shall brief
            the Subcommittee and the interagency working group on the
            progress of the Advisory Board as necessary or at the request of
            the Subcommittee.
                ``(9) Tribal government engagement and coordination.--
                        ``(A) In general.--The Advisory Board shall maintain
                    mechanisms for coordination, and engagement with Tribal
                    governments.
                        ``(i) Rule of construction.--Nothing in subparagraph
                    (A) may be construed as affecting any requirement to
                    consult with Indian Tribes under Executive Order 13175
                    (25 U.S.C. 5301 note; relating to consultation and
                    coordination with Tribal governments) or any other
                    applicable law or policy.
                ``(10) <<NOTE: Time period.>> Federal advisory committee
            act.--Section 14 of the Federal Advisory Committee Act shall not
            apply to the Advisory Board for 10 years from the date of
            enactment of this Act.

        ``(d) Prize Competitions.--
                ``(1) In general.--Any Federal agency with a representative
            serving on the interagency working group established under this
            section may, either individually or in cooperation with one or
            more agencies, carry out a program to award prizes competitively
            under section 24 of the Stevenson-Wydler Technology Innovation
            Act of 1980 (15 U.S.C. 3719). <<NOTE: Coordination.>>  An agency
            seeking to carry out such a program shall carry out such program
            in coordination with the chair of such interagency working
            group.
                ``(2) Purposes.--Any prize competition carried out under
            this subsection shall be for the purpose of stimulating
            innovation to advance our Nation's ability to understand,
            research, or monitor ocean acidification or its impacts, or to
            develop management or adaptation options for responding to ocean
            and coastal acidification.
                ``(3) Priority programs.--Priority shall be given to
            establishing programs under this section that address
            communities, environments, or industries that are in distress
            due to the impacts of ocean and coastal acidification.''.

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1677]]

    SEC. 10645. STRATEGIC RESEARCH PLAN.

        Section 12405 of the Federal Ocean Acidification Research and
    Monitoring Act of 2009 (33 U.S.C. 3704) is amended--
                (1) in subsection (a)--
                        (A) by striking ``acidification'' each place it
                    appears and inserting ``acidification and coastal
                    acidification'';
                        (B) in the first sentence--
                              (i) by inserting ``, and not later than every
                          5 years following the publication of each
                          subsequent strategic research plan until 2035''
                          after ``the date of enactment of this Act'';
                              (ii) by inserting ``address the socioeconomic
                          impacts of ocean acidification and coastal
                          acidification and to'' after ``mitigation
                          strategies to''; and
                              (iii) by striking ``marine ecosystems'' each
                          place it appears and inserting ``ecosystems''; and
                        (C) in the second sentence, by striking ``National
                    Academy of Sciences in the review of the plan required
                    under subsection (d)'', and inserting ``Advisory Board
                    established in section 12404(c)'';
                (2) in subsection (b)--
                        (A) in paragraph (1), by inserting ``and social
                    sciences'' after ``among the ocean sciences'';
                        (B) in paragraph (2)--
                              (i) in subparagraph (B)--
                                        (I) by striking ``improve the
                                    ability to assess the'' and inserting
                                    ``assess the short-term and long-term'';
                                    and
                                        (II) by striking ``; and'' at the
                                    end and inserting a semicolon;
                              (ii) by amending subparagraph (C) to read as
                          follows:
                        ``(C) provide information for the development of
                    adaptation and mitigation strategies to address--
                              ``(i) socioeconomic impacts of ocean
                          acidification and coastal acidification;
                              ``(ii) conservation of marine organisms and
                          ecosystems;
                              ``(iii) assessment of the effectiveness of
                          such adaptation and mitigation strategies; and'';
                          and
                              (iii) by adding at the end the following new
                          subparagraph:
                        ``(D) improve research on--
                              ``(i) ocean acidification and coastal
                          acidification;
                              ``(ii) the interactions between and effects of
                          ocean and coastal acidification and multiple
                          combined stressors including changes in water
                          chemistry, changes in sediment delivery, hypoxia,
                          and harmful algal blooms, on ocean acidification
                          and coastal acidification; and
                              ``(iii) the effect or effects of clauses (i)
                          and (ii) on marine resources and ecosystems;'';
                        (C) in paragraph (3)--
                              (i) in subparagraph (F), by striking
                          ``database development'' and inserting ``data
                          management'';
                              (ii) in subparagraph (H) by striking ``and''
                          at the end; and

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1678]]

                              (iii) by adding at the end the following new
                          subparagraphs:
                        ``(J) assessment of adaptation and mitigation
                    strategies; and
                        ``(K) education and outreach activities;'';
                        (D) in paragraph (4), by striking ``set forth'' and
                    inserting ``ensure an appropriate balance of
                    contribution in establishing'';
                        (E) in paragraph (5), by striking ``reports'' and
                    inserting ``the best available peer-reviewed scientific
                    reports'';
                        (F) in paragraph (6)--
                              (i) by inserting ``and coastal acidification''
                          after ``ocean acidification''; and
                              (ii) by striking ``of the United States'' and
                          inserting ``within the United States'';
                        (G) in paragraph (8)--
                              (i) by inserting ``and coastal acidification''
                          after ``ocean acidification'' each place it
                          appears;
                              (ii) by striking ``its'' and inserting
                          ``their''; and
                              (iii) by striking ``; and'' at the end and
                          inserting a semicolon;
                        (H) in paragraph (9), by striking ``and'' at the end
                        (I) in paragraph (10), by striking the period at the
                    end and inserting a semicolon; and
                        (J) by adding at the end the following:
                ``(11) describe monitoring needs necessary to support
            potentially affected industry members, coastal stakeholders,
            fishery management councils and commissions, Tribal governments,
            non-Federal resource managers, and scientific experts on
            decision-making and adaptation related to ocean acidification
            and coastal acidification; and
                ``(12) describe the extent to which the Subcommittee
            incorporated feedback from the Advisory Board established in
            section 12404(c).'';
                (3) in subsection (c)--
                        (A) in paragraph (1)(C), by striking ``surface'';
                        (B) in paragraph (2), by inserting ``and coastal
                    acidification'' after ``ocean acidification'' each place
                    it appears;
                        (C) in paragraph (3)--
                              (i) by striking ``input, and'' and inserting
                          ``inputs,'';
                              (ii) by inserting ``, marine food webs,''
                          after ``marine ecosystems''; and
                              (iii) by inserting ``, and modeling that
                          supports fisheries management'' after ``marine
                          organisms'';
                        (D) in paragraph (5), by inserting ``and coastal
                    acidification'' after ``ocean acidification''; and
                        (E) by adding at the end the following new
                    paragraph:
                ``(8) Research to understand related and cumulative
            stressors and other biogeochemical processes occurring in
            conjunction with ocean acidification and coastal
            acidification.''; and
                (4) by striking subsections (d) and (e) and inserting the
            following:

        ``(d) <<NOTE: Public information. Web posting.>> Publication.--
    Concurrent with the submission of the plan to Congress, the Subcommittee
    shall publish the plan on a public website.''.

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1679]]

    SEC. 10646. NOAA OCEAN ACIDIFICATION ACTIVITIES.

        Section 12406 of the Federal Ocean Acidification Research and
    Monitoring Act of 2009 (33 U.S.C. 3705) is amended--
                (1) in subsection (a)--
                        (A) in the matter preceding paragraph (1), by
                    inserting ``coordination,'' after ``research,
                    monitoring,'';
                        (B) in paragraph (1)--
                              (i) in subparagraph (B), by inserting
                          ``including leveraging, as appropriate, the
                          Integrated Ocean Observing System and the ocean
                          observing assets of other Federal, State, and
                          Tribal agencies,'' after ``ocean observing
                          assets,'';
                              (ii) by redesignating subparagraphs (C), (D),
                          (E), and (F) as subparagraphs (E), (G), (H), and
                          (I), respectively;
                              (iii) by inserting after subparagraph (B) the
                          following new subparagraphs:
                        ``(C) prioritization of the location of monitoring
                    instruments, assets, and projects to maximize the
                    efficiency of resources and agency and department
                    missions;
                        ``(D) an optimization of understanding of
                    socioeconomic impacts and ecosystem health''.
                              (iv) in subparagraph (E), as so redesignated,
                          by striking ``adaptation'' and inserting
                          ``adaptation and mitigation'';
                              (v) by inserting after subparagraph (E), as so
                          redesignated, the following new subparagraph:
                        ``(F) technical assistance to socioeconomically
                    vulnerable States, local governments, Tribal
                    governments, communities, and industries impacted by
                    ocean and coastal acidification to support their
                    development of ocean and coastal acidification
                    mitigation strategies;''.
                              (vi) in subparagraph (H), as so redesignated--
                                        (I) by striking ``its impacts'' and
                                    inserting ``their respective impacts'';
                                        (II) by striking ``and'' at the end;
                              (vii) in subparagraph (I), as so
                          redesignated--
                                        (I) by striking ``monitoring and
                                    impacts research'' and inserting
                                    ``research, monitoring, and adaptation
                                    and mitigation strategies''; and
                                        (II) by striking the period at the
                                    end and inserting a semicolon; and
                              (viii) by adding at the end the following new
                          subparagraphs:
                        ``(J) research to improve understanding of--
                              ``(i) the impact of ocean acidification and
                          coastal acidification; and
                              ``(ii) how multiple environmental stressors
                          may contribute to and exacerbate ocean and coastal
                          acidification on living marine resources and
                          coastal ecosystems; and
                        ``(K) research to support the development of
                    adaptation and mitigation strategies to address the
                    socioeconomic impacts of ocean and coastal acidification
                    on coastal communities;'';

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1680]]

                        (C) in paragraph (2), by striking ``critical
                    research projects that explore'' and inserting
                    ``critical research, education, and outreach projects
                    that explore and communicate''; and
                        (D) in paragraphs (1) and (2), by striking
                    ``acidification'' each place it appears and inserting
                    ``acidification and coastal acidification''; and
                (2) by adding at the end the following new subsections:

        ``(c) <<NOTE: Coordination.>>  Relationship to Interagency Working
    Group.--The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration shall serve
    as the lead Federal agency responsible for coordinating the Federal
    response to ocean and coastal acidification. <<NOTE: Memorandums.>>  The
    Administration may enter into Memoranda of Understanding to--
                ``(1) coordinate monitoring and research efforts among
            Federal agencies in cooperation with State, local, and Tribal
            governments and international partners; this may include
            analysis and synthesis of the results of monitoring and
            research;
                ``(2) maintain an Ocean Acidification Information Exchange
            described under section 12404(b)(5) to allow for information to
            be electronically accessible, including information--
                        ``(A) on ocean acidification developed through or
                    used by the ocean acidification program described under
                    subsection (a); or
                        ``(B) that would be useful to State governments,
                    local governments, Tribal governments, resource
                    managers, policymakers, researchers, and other
                    stakeholders in mitigating or adapting to the impacts of
                    ocean acidification and coastal acidification; and
                ``(3) establishing and maintaining the data archive system
            under subsection (d).

        ``(d) Data Archive System.--
                ``(1) <<NOTE: Coordination. Public information.>>  In
            general.--The Secretary, in coordination with the members of the
            interagency working group, shall support the long-term
            stewardship of, and access to, data relating to ocean and
            coastal acidification through providing the data on a publicly
            accessible data archive system. To the extent possible, this
            data archive system shall collect and provide access to ocean
            and coastal acidification data--
                        ``(A) from relevant federally funded research;
                        ``(B) provided by a Federal, State, or local
                    government, academic scientist, citizen scientist, or
                    industry organization;
                        ``(C) voluntarily submitted by Tribes or Tribal
                    governments; and
                        ``(D) from existing global or national data assets
                    that are currently maintained within Federal agencies.
                ``(2) Data standards.--The Secretary to, the extent
            possible, shall ensure all such data adheres to data and
            metadata standards to support the public findability,
            accessibility, interoperability, and reusability of such
            data.''.
    SEC. 10647. NSF OCEAN ACIDIFICATION ACTIVITIES.

        Section 12407 of the Federal Ocean Acidification Research and
    Monitoring Act of 2009 (33 U.S.C. 3706) is amended--
                (1) by striking ``ocean acidification'' each place it
            appears and inserting ``ocean acidification and coastal
            acidification'';
                (2) in subsection (a)--

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1681]]

                        (A) in the matter preceding paragraph (1), by
                    striking ``its impacts'' and inserting ``their
                    respective impacts'';
                        (B) in paragraph (3), by striking ``and its
                    impacts'' and inserting ``and their respective
                    impacts'';
                        (C) in paragraph (4), by striking the period at the
                    end and inserting ``; and''; and
                        (D) by adding at the end the following new
                    paragraph:
                ``(5) adaptation and mitigation strategies to address
            socioeconomic effects of ocean acidification and coastal
            acidification.''; and
                (3) by adding at the end the following:

        ``(d) <<NOTE: Data.>>  Requirement.--Recipients of grants from the
    National Science Foundation under this subtitle that collect data
    described under section 12406(d) shall--
                ``(1) collect data in accordance with the standards,
            protocols, or procedures established pursuant to section
            12406(d); and
                ``(2) submit such data to the Director and the Secretary
            after publication, in accordance with any rules promulgated by
            the Director or the Secretary.''.
    SEC. 10648. NASA OCEAN ACIDIFICATION ACTIVITIES.

        Section 12408 of the Federal Ocean Acidification Research and
    Monitoring Act of 2009 (33 U.S.C. 3707) is amended--
                (1) by striking ``ocean acidification'' each place it
            appears and inserting ``ocean acidification and coastal
            acidification'';
                (2) in subsection (a), by striking ``its impacts'' and
            inserting ``their respective impacts''; and
                (3) by adding at the end the following new subsection:

        ``(d) <<NOTE: Data.>> Requirement.--Researchers from the National
    Aeronautics and Space Administration under this subtitle that collect
    data described under section 12406(d) shall--
                ``(1) collect such data in accordance with the standards,
            protocols, or procedures established pursuant to section
            12406(d); and
                ``(2) submit such data to the Administrator and the
            Secretary, in accordance with any rules promulgated by the
            Administrator or the Secretary.''.
    SEC. 10649. <<NOTE: Time periods.>>  AUTHORIZATION OF
                                APPROPRIATIONS.

        Section 12409 of the Federal Ocean Acidification Research and
    Monitoring Act of 2009 (33 U.S.C. 3708) is amended--
                (1) in subsection (a), by striking ``subtitle--'' and all
            that follows through paragraph (4) and inserting the following:
            ``subtitle--
                ``(1) $20,500,000 for fiscal year 2023;
                ``(2) $22,000,000 for fiscal year 2024;
                ``(3) $24,000,000 for fiscal year 2025;
                ``(4) $26,000,000 for fiscal year 2026; and
                ``(5) $28,000,000 for fiscal year 2027.''; and
                (2) in subsection (b), by striking ``subtitle--'' and all
            that follows through paragraph (4) and inserting the following:
            ``subtitle, $20,000,000 for each of the fiscal years 2023
            through 2027.''.

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1682]]

                      Subtitle F--Interagency Working Group

    SEC. 10651. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19251.>> INTERAGENCY WORKING GROUP.

        (a) <<NOTE: Coordination.>>  Establishment.--The Director of the
    Office of Science and Technology Policy, acting through the National
    Science and Technology Council, shall establish or designate an
    interagency working group to coordinate the activities specified in
    subsection (c).

        (b) Composition.--The interagency working group shall be composed of
    the following members (or their designees), who may be organized into
    subcommittees, as appropriate:
                (1) The Secretary of Commerce.
                (2) The Director of the National Science Foundation.
                (3) The Secretary of Energy.
                (4) The Secretary of Defense.
                (5) The Director of the National Economic Council.
                (6) The Director of the Office of Management and Budget.
                (7) The Secretary of Health and Human Services.
                (8) The Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space
            Administration.
                (9) The Secretary of Agriculture.
                (10) The Director of National Intelligence.
                (11) The Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation.
                (12) Such other Federal officials as the Director of the
            Office of Science and Technology Policy considers appropriate,
            including members of the National Science and Technology Council
            Committee on Technology.

        (c) Coordination.--The interagency working group shall seek to
    ensure that the activities of different Federal agencies enhance and
    complement, but, as appropriate, do not duplicate, efforts being carried
    out by another Federal agency, with a focus on the following:
                (1) The activities of the National Science Foundation
            Technology, Innovation, and Partnerships Directorate in the key
            technology focus areas, such as within the Regional Innovation
            Engines under section 10388 and test beds under section 10390.
                (2) The activities of the Department of Commerce under this
            division, including regional technology hubs under section 28 of
            the Stevenson-Wydler Act of 1980 (15 U.S.C. 13701 et seq.), as
            added by section 10621, the Manufacturing USA Program
            established under section 34(b)(1) of the National Institute of
            Standards and Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 278s(b)(1)), and the
            Hollings Manufacturing Extension Partnership (15 U.S.C. 278k).
                (3) The activities of the Department of Energy in the key
            technology focus areas, including at the national laboratories,
            and at Federal laboratories, as defined in section 4 of the
            Stevenson-Wydler Technology Innovation Act of 1980 (15 U.S.C.
            3703), and facilities and user facilities operated in
            partnership with such national laboratories or the Department of
            Energy.
                (4) <<NOTE: Determination.>>  Any other program that the
            Director of the Office of Science and Technology Policy
            determines involves research and development with respect to the
            key technology focus areas.

        (d) Report.--The interagency working group shall--
                (1) by not later than 180 days after the date of enactment
            of this division--

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1683]]

                        (A) <<NOTE: Review.>> conduct an initial review of
                    Federal programs and resources with respect to the key
                    technology focus areas identified pursuant to section
                    10387(a)(2), in order to--
                              (i) <<NOTE: Assessment.>>  assess current
                          level of efforts and characterize existing
                          research infrastructure, as of the date of the
                          review;
                              (ii) identify potential areas of overlap or
                          duplication with respect to the key technology
                          focus areas; and
                              (iii) identify potential cross-agency
                          collaborations and joint funding opportunities;
                          and
                        (B) submit a report regarding the review described
                    in subparagraph (A) to Congress; and
                        (C) <<NOTE: Recommenda- tions.>>  seek stakeholder
                    input and recommendations in the course of such review;
                    and
                (2) <<NOTE: Reviews. Updates.>>  shall carry out the annual
            reviews and updates required under section 10387(e).

        (e) <<NOTE: President.>>  Conflicts.--If any conflicts between
    Federal agencies arise while carrying out the activities under this
    section, the President shall make the final decision regarding
    resolution of the conflict.

                Subtitle G--Quantum Networking and Communications

    SEC. 10661. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19261.>>  QUANTUM NETWORKING AND
                                COMMUNICATIONS.

        (a) Definitions.--In this section:
                (1) Director.--The term ``Director'' means the Director of
            the National Science Foundation.
                (2) Appropriate committees of congress.--The term
            ``appropriate committees of Congress'' has the meaning given
            such term in section 2 of the National Quantum Initiative Act
            (15 U.S.C. 8801).
                (3) Q2work program.--The term ``Q2Work Program'' means the
            Q2Work Program supported by the Foundation.

        (b) Quantum Networking Working Group Report on Quantum Networking
    and Communications.--
                (1) Report.--Section 103 of the National Quantum Initiative
            Act (15 U.S.C. 8813) is amended by adding the following at the
            end the following new subsection:

        ``(h) Report on Quantum Networking and Communications.--
                ``(1) <<NOTE: Coordination. Plan.>> In general.--Not later
            than January 1, 2026, the Quantum Networking Working Group
            within the Subcommittee on Quantum Information Science of the
            National Science and Technology Council, in coordination with
            the Subcommittee on the Economic and Security Implications of
            Quantum Information Science, shall submit to the appropriate
            committees of Congress a report detailing a plan for the
            advancement of quantum networking and communications technology
            in the United States, building on the report entitled A
            Strategic Vision for America's Quantum Networks and A
            Coordinated Approach for Quantum Networking Research.
                ``(2) Requirements.--The report under paragraph (1) shall
            include the following:
                        ``(A) <<NOTE: Update.>>  An update to the report
                    entitled Coordinated Approach to Quantum Networking
                    Research Report focusing

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1684]]

                    on a framework for interagency collaboration regarding
                    the advancement of quantum networking and communications
                    research.
                        ``(B) <<NOTE: Plan. List.>>  A plan for Federal
                    Government partnership with the private sector and
                    interagency collaboration regarding engagement in
                    international standards for quantum networking and
                    communications technology, including a list of Federal
                    priorities for standards relating to such networking and
                    technology.
                        ``(C) <<NOTE: Proposal.>>  A proposal for the
                    protection of national security interests relating to
                    the advancement of quantum networking and communications
                    technology.
                        ``(D) <<NOTE: Assessment.>>  An assessment of the
                    relative position of the United States with respect to
                    other countries in the global race to develop,
                    demonstrate, and utilize quantum networking and
                    communications technology.
                        ``(E) <<NOTE: Recommenda- tions.>>  Recommendations
                    to Congress for legislative action relating to the
                    matters considered under subparagraphs (A), (B), (C),
                    and (D).
                        ``(F) Such other matters as the Quantum Network
                    Working Group considers necessary to advance the
                    security of communications and network infrastructure,
                    remain at the forefront of scientific discovery in the
                    quantum information science domain, and transition
                    quantum information science research into the emerging
                    quantum technology economy.''.

        (c) Quantum Networking and Communications Research and
    Standardization.--
                (1) Research.--Subsection (a) of section 201 of the National
            Quantum Initiative Act (15 U.S.C. 8831) is amended by--
                        (A) redesignating paragraphs (3) and (4) as
                    paragraphs (6) and (7), respectively; and
                        (B) inserting after paragraph (2) the following new
                    paragraphs:
                ``(3) shall carry out research to facilitate the development
            and standardization of quantum cryptography and post-quantum
            classical cryptography;
                ``(4) shall carry out research to facilitate the development
            and standardization of quantum networking, communications, and
            sensing technologies and applications;
                ``(5) <<NOTE: Determination. Review.>> for quantum
            technologies determined by the Director of the National
            Institute of Standards and Technology to be at a readiness level
            sufficient for standardization, shall provide technical review
            and assistance to such other Federal agencies as the Director
            considers appropriate for the development of quantum networking
            infrastructure standards;''.
                (2) <<NOTE: Time period.>>  Authorization of
            appropriations.--There is authorized to be appropriated to the
            Scientific and Technical Research and Services account of the
            National Institute of Standards and Technology to carry out
            paragraphs (3) through (5) of subsection (a) of section 201 of
            the National Quantum Initiative Act (as inserted pursuant to the
            amendments made by paragraph (1) of this subsection) $15,000,000
            for each of fiscal years 2023 through 2027.

        (d) Quantum Information Science Workforce Evaluation and
    Acceleration.--

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1685]]

                (1) <<NOTE: Deadline. Contracts. Study. Recommenda-
            tions.>> In general.--Not later than 180 days after the date of
            the enactment of this Act, the Director shall enter into an
            agreement with the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering,
            and Medicine to conduct a study to evaluate and make
            recommendations for the quantum information science workforce.
            The study shall--
                        (A) characterize the quantum information science
                    workforce, including by--
                              (i) describing what constitutes a quantum
                          information science qualified worker across
                          sectors, including academia, the Federal
                          Government, and industry; and
                              (ii) describing the size and makeup of the
                          quantum information science workforce, including
                          an assessment of current and future trends;
                        (B) identify near- and long-term quantum information
                    science workforce needs across government, academia, and
                    industry sectors, including identifying the cross-
                    disciplinary academic degrees or academic courses
                    necessary to--
                              (i) prepare students for multiple career
                          pathways in quantum information sciences and
                          related fields;
                              (ii) ensure the United States is competitive
                          in the field of quantum information science while
                          preserving national security; and
                              (iii) support the development of quantum
                          applications;
                        (C) <<NOTE: Assessment.>>  assess the state of
                    quantum information science education and skills
                    training at all education levels and identify gaps in
                    meeting current and future workforce needs, including
                    with respect to--
                              (i) elementary, middle, and high-school
                          student access to foundational courses, age-
                          appropriate quantum concepts, and hands-on
                          learning opportunities;
                              (ii) elementary, middle, and high-school
                          teacher professional development and access to
                          resources, materials, lesson plans, modules, and
                          curricula;
                              (iii) career pivot and skills training
                          opportunities, including professional certificates
                          and internships; and
                              (iv) higher education curricula, laboratory
                          experiences in academia, the Federal Government,
                          and industry settings, and cross-discipline degree
                          programs aligned with workforce needs; and
                        (D) <<NOTE: Recommenda- tions.>>  make
                    recommendations for developing a diverse, flexible, and
                    sustainable quantum information science workforce that
                    meets the evolving needs of academia, the Federal
                    Government, and industry.
                (2) Report.--Not later than two years after the date of the
            enactment of this Act, the National Academies of Science,
            Engineering, and Medicine shall submit to Congress and the
            Director a report containing the results of the study conducted
            pursuant to paragraph (1).

        (e) Incorporating QISE Into STEM Curriculum.--
                (1) In general.--Section 301 of the National Quantum
            Initiative Act (15 U.S.C. 8841) is amended by adding the
            following at the end:

        ``(d) Incorporating QISE Into STEM Curriculum.--

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1686]]

                ``(1) In general.--The Director of the National Science
            Foundation shall, through programs carried out or supported by
            the National Science Foundation, seek to increase the
            integration of quantum information science and engineering
            (referred to in this subsection as `QISE') into the STEM
            curriculum at all education levels, including community
            colleges, as considered appropriate by the Director.
                ``(2) Curriculum integration.--The curriculum integration
            under paragraph (1) may include the following:
                        ``(A) Methods to conceptualize QISE for elementary,
                    middle, and high school curricula.
                        ``(B) Methods for strengthening foundational
                    mathematics and science curricula.
                        ``(C) Methods for integrating students who are
                    underserved or historically underrepresented groups in
                    STEM.
                        ``(D) Age-appropriate materials that apply the
                    principles of quantum information science in STEM
                    fields.
                        ``(E) <<NOTE: Recommenda- tions.>>  Recommendations
                    for the standardization of key concepts, definitions,
                    and curriculum criteria across government, academia, and
                    industry.
                        ``(F) <<NOTE: Evaluation. Recommenda-
                    tions. Strategies.>> Materials that specifically address
                    the findings and outcomes of the study to evaluate and
                    make recommendations for the quantum information science
                    workforce pursuant to subsection (d) of section 10661 of
                    the Research and Development, Competition, and
                    Innovation Act and strategies to account for the skills
                    and workforce needs identified through such study.
                ``(3) <<NOTE: Consultation.>> Coordination.--In carrying out
            this subsection, the Director shall coordinate with relevant
            Federal agencies, and consult with nongovernmental entities with
            expertise in QISE, as appropriate, which may include
            institutions eligible to participate in the Established Program
            to Stimulate Competitive Research (EPSCoR).
                ``(4) Definition.--In this subsection, the term `STEM' means
            the academic and professional disciplines of science,
            technology, engineering, and mathematics, including computer
            science.''.

        (f) Quantum Education Pilot Program.--
                (1) <<NOTE: Deadline.>>  In general.--Not later than one
            year after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Director,
            building on the National Science Foundation's role in the
            National Q-12 Education Partnership and programs such as Q2Work
            Program, shall make awards to institutions of higher education,
            non-profit organizations, or consortia thereof to carry out a
            pilot program, to be known as the ``Next Generation Quantum
            Leaders Pilot Program'' (in this subsection referred to as the
            ``Program''), for the education and training of the next
            generation of students and teachers in the fundamental
            principles of quantum mechanics.
                (2) Requirements.--
                        (A) In general.--In carrying out the Program, the
                    Director shall--
                              (i) encourage awardees to coordinate with
                          educational service agencies (as such term
                          ``educational service agency'' is defined in
                          section 602(5) of the Individuals with
                          Disabilities Education Improvement

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1687]]

                          Act of 2004 (20 U.S.C. 1401(5))), associations
                          that support STEM educators or local educational
                          agencies, and partnerships through the Q-12
                          Education Partnership, to encourage elementary
                          schools, middle schools, and secondary schools,
                          and State educational agencies to participate in
                          the Program;
                              (ii) require that awardees partner with
                          elementary schools, middle schools, or secondary
                          schools, or consortia thereof, and State
                          educational agencies, to carry out activities
                          under the Program;
                        (B) Use of funds.--In carrying out the Program, the
                    Director shall make competitive, merit-reviewed awards
                    to--
                              (i) support testing, evaluation,
                          dissemination, and implementation of age-
                          appropriate quantum information sciences curricula
                          and resources, including the integration of
                          quantum information science and engineering into
                          the STEM curriculum pursuant to subsection (d) of
                          section 301 of the National Quantum Initiative Act
                          (15 U.S.C. 8841), as added by subsection (e);
                              (ii) support opportunities for informal
                          education on quantum concepts, including informal
                          hands-on learning opportunities;
                              (iii) support opportunities for students to
                          further explore quantum information science
                          education and related careers;
                              (iv) develop and implement training, research,
                          and professional development programs for
                          teachers, including innovative pre-service and in-
                          service programs, in quantum information science
                          and related fields; and
                              (v) carry out such other activities as the
                          Director determines appropriate.
                        (C) Distribution.--In carrying out the Program and
                    to the extent practicable, the Director shall ensure
                    there is a wide, equitable distribution of Program
                    participants across diverse geographic areas and that
                    the Program includes a diverse representation of
                    students, including students from groups historically
                    underrepresented in STEM.
                (3) Consultation.--The Director shall carry out the Program
            in consultation with the QIS Workforce Working Group of the
            Subcommittee on Quantum Information Science of the National
            Science and Technology Council and the Advancing Informal STEM
            Learning Program.
                (4) Reporting.--Not later than four years after the date of
            the enactment of this section, the Director shall submit to
            Congress a report that includes the following:
                        (A) <<NOTE: Assessment.>> An assessment, that
                    includes feedback from a wide range of stakeholders in
                    academia, K-12 education, and the private sector, of the
                    effectiveness of the Program in scaling up
                    implementation of effective quantum education and
                    training innovations.

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1688]]

                        (B) <<NOTE: Determination. Plan.>>  If determined to
                    be effective, a plan for integrating the Program into
                    existing programs, including the feasibility and
                    advisability of expanding the scope of the Program to
                    include additional technology areas, grade levels, and
                    educational institutions beyond those originally
                    selected to participate in the Program.
                (5) <<NOTE: Time period.>>  Authorization of
            appropriations.--There are authorized to be appropriated to the
            Director $8,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2023 through 2026
            to carry out this section.
                (6) Termination.--This subsection shall terminate on the
            date that is four years after the date of the enactment of this
            Act.

                        Subtitle H--Blockchain Specialist

    SEC. 10671. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19271.>>  ESTABLISHMENT OF BLOCKCHAIN
                                AND CRYPTOCURRENCY SPECIALIST POSITION
                                WITHIN OSTP.

        The Director of the Office of Science and Technology Policy shall
    establish or designate a blockchain and cryptocurrencies advisory
    specialist position within the Office to coordinate Federal activities
    and advise the President on matters of research and development relating
    to blockchain, cryptocurrencies, and distributed ledger technologies.

           Subtitle I--Partnerships for Energy Security and Innovation

    SEC. 10691. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19281.>>  FOUNDATION FOR ENERGY
                                SECURITY AND INNOVATION.

        (a) Definitions.--In this section:
                (1) Board.--The term ``Board'' means the Board of Directors
            described in subsection (b)(2)(A).
                (2) Department.--The term ``Department'' means the
            Department of Energy.
                (3) Executive director.--The term ``Executive Director''
            means the Executive Director described in subsection (b)(5)(A).
                (4) Foundation.--The term ``Foundation'' means the
            Foundation for Energy Security and Innovation established under
            subsection (b)(1).
                (5) Historically black college or university.--The term
            ``historically Black college or university'' has the meaning
            given the term ``part B institution'' in section 322 of the
            Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1061).
                (6) Individual laboratory-associated foundation.--The term
            ``Individual Laboratory-Associated Foundation'' means a
            Laboratory Foundation established by an operating contractor of
            a National Laboratory.
                (7) Minority-serving institution.--The term ``minority
            serving institution'' means a Hispanic-serving institution as
            defined in section 502 of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20
            U.S.C. 1101a), an Alaska Native-serving institution and a Native
            Hawaiian-serving institution as defined in section in 317 of the
            Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1059d), or a
            Predominantly Black Institution, Asian American and Native
            American Pacific Islander-serving institution, or a Native
            American-serving nontribal institution as defined in

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1689]]

            section 371 of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C.
            1067q).
                (8) National laboratory.--The term ``National Laboratory''
            has the meaning given the term in section 2 of the Energy Policy
            Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 15801).
                (9) Secretary.--The term ``Secretary'' means the Secretary
            of Energy.
                (10) Tribal college or university.--The term ``Tribal
            College or University'' has the meaning given in section 316 of
            the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1059c).

        (b) Foundation for Energy Security and Innovation.--
                (1) Establishment.--
                        (A) <<NOTE: Deadline.>> In general.--Not later than
                    180 days after the date of enactment of this Act, the
                    Secretary shall establish a nonprofit corporation to be
                    known as the ``Foundation for Energy Security and
                    Innovation''.
                        (B) Mission.--The mission of the Foundation shall
                    be--
                              (i) to support the mission of the Department;
                          and
                              (ii) to advance collaboration with energy
                          researchers, institutions of higher education,
                          industry, and nonprofit and philanthropic
                          organizations to accelerate the commercialization
                          of energy technologies.
                        (C) Limitation.--The Foundation shall not be an
                    agency or instrumentality of the Federal Government.
                        (D) Tax-exempt status.--The Board shall take all
                    necessary and appropriate steps to ensure that the
                    Foundation is an organization that is described in
                    section 501(c) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 and
                    exempt from taxation under section 501(a) of that Code.
                        (E) Collaboration with existing organizations.--The
                    Secretary may collaborate with 1 or more organizations
                    to establish the Foundation and carry out the activities
                    of the Foundation.
                (2) Board of directors.--
                        (A) Establishment.--The Foundation shall be governed
                    by a Board of Directors.
                        (B) Composition.--
                              (i) In general.--The Board shall be composed
                          of the ex officio nonvoting members described in
                          clause (ii) and the appointed voting members
                          described in clause (iii).
                              (ii) Ex officio members.--The ex officio
                          members of the Board shall be the following
                          individuals or designees of those individuals:
                                        (I) The Secretary.
                                        (II) The Under Secretary for
                                    Science.
                                        (III) The Under Secretary for
                                    Nuclear Security.
                                        (IV) The Chief Commercialization
                                    Officer.
                              (iii) Appointed members.--
                                        (I) Initial members.--The Secretary
                                    and the other ex officio members of the
                                    Board shall--

                                            (aa) <<NOTE: Contracts. List.>>
                                            seek to enter into an agreement
                                            with the National Academies of
                                            Sciences, Engineering, and
                                            Medicine to develop a list of
                                            individuals to serve as members
                                            of the Board who are well-
                                            qualified and will meet

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1690]]

                                            the requirements of subclauses
                                            (II) and (III); and

                                            (bb) <<NOTE: Consultation.>> appo
                                            int the initial members of the
                                            Board from that list, if
                                            applicable, in consultation with
                                            the National Academies of
                                            Sciences, Engineering, and
                                            Medicine.
                                        (II) Representation.--The appointed
                                    members of the Board shall reflect a
                                    broad cross-section of stakeholders from
                                    academia, National Laboratories,
                                    industry, nonprofit organizations, State
                                    or local governments, the investment
                                    community, and the philanthropic
                                    community.
                                        (III) Experience.--The Secretary
                                    shall ensure that a majority of the
                                    appointed members of the Board--
                                                (aa)(AA) has experience in
                                            the energy sector;
                                                (BB) has research experience
                                            in the energy field; or
                                                (CC) has experience in
                                            technology commercialization or
                                            foundation operations; and
                                                (bb) to the extent
                                            practicable, represents diverse
                                            regions, sectors, and
                                            communities.
                        (C) Chair and vice chair.--
                              (i) <<NOTE: Designations.>> In general.--The
                          Board shall designate from among the members of
                          the Board--
                                        (I) an individual to serve as Chair
                                    of the Board; and
                                        (II) an individual to serve as Vice
                                    Chair of the Board.
                              (ii) Terms.--The term of service of the Chair
                          and Vice Chair of the Board shall end on the
                          earlier of--
                                        (I) the date that is 3 years after
                                    the date on which the Chair or Vice
                                    Chair of the Board, as applicable, is
                                    designated for the position; and
                                        (II) the last day of the term of
                                    service of the member, as determined
                                    under subparagraph (D)(i), who is
                                    designated to be Chair or Vice Chair of
                                    the Board, as applicable.
                              (iii) Representation.--The Chair and Vice
                          Chair of the Board--
                                        (I) shall not be representatives of
                                    the same area of subject matter
                                    expertise, or entity, as applicable,
                                    under subparagraph (B)(iii)(II); and
                                        (II) shall not be representatives of
                                    any area of subject matter expertise, or
                                    entity, as applicable, represented by
                                    the immediately preceding Chair and Vice
                                    Chair of the Board.
                        (D) Terms and vacancies.--
                              (i) Terms.--
                                        (I) In general.--The term of service
                                    of each appointed member of the Board
                                    shall be not more than 5 years.

                                    (II) <<NOTE: Determination.>> Initial
                                    appointed members.--Of the initial
                                    members of the Board appointed under
                                    subparagraph (B)(iii)(I), half of the
                                    members shall

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1691]]

                                    serve for 4 years and half of the
                                    members shall serve for 5 years, as
                                    determined by the Chair of the Board.
                              (ii) Vacancies.--Any vacancy in the membership
                          of the appointed members of the Board--
                                        (I) shall be filled in accordance
                                    with the bylaws of the Foundation by an
                                    individual capable of representing the
                                    same area or entity, as applicable, as
                                    represented by the vacating board member
                                    under subparagraph (B)(iii)(II);
                                        (II) shall not affect the power of
                                    the remaining appointed members to
                                    execute the duties of the Board; and
                                        (III) shall be filled by an
                                    individual selected by the Board.
                        (E) Meetings; quorum.--
                              (i) <<NOTE: Deadline.>>  Initial meeting.--Not
                          later than 60 days after the Board is established,
                          the Secretary shall convene a meeting of the ex
                          officio and appointed members of the Board to
                          incorporate the Foundation.
                              (ii) Quorum.--A majority of the appointed
                          members of the Board shall constitute a quorum for
                          purposes of conducting the business of the Board.
                        (F) Duties.--The Board shall--
                              (i) establish bylaws for the Foundation in
                          accordance with subparagraph (G);
                              (ii) provide overall direction for the
                          activities of the Foundation and establish
                          priority activities;
                              (iii) carry out any other necessary activities
                          of the Foundation;
                              (iv) evaluate the performance of the Executive
                          Director; and
                              (v) actively solicit and accept funds, gifts,
                          grants, devises, or bequests of real or personal
                          property to the Foundation, including from private
                          entities.
                        (G) Bylaws.--
                              (i) In general.--The bylaws established under
                          subparagraph (F)(i) may include--
                                        (I) policies for the selection of
                                    Board members, officers, employees,
                                    agents, and contractors of the
                                    Foundation;
                                        (II) policies, including ethical
                                    standards, for--
                                                (aa) the acceptance,
                                            solicitation, and disposition of
                                            donations and grants to the
                                            Foundation, including
                                            appropriate limits on the
                                            ability of donors to designate,
                                            by stipulation or restriction,
                                            the use or recipient of donated
                                            funds; and
                                                (bb) the disposition of
                                            assets of the Foundation;
                                        (III) policies that subject all
                                    employees, fellows, trainees, and other
                                    agents of the Foundation (including ex
                                    officio and appointed members of the
                                    Board) to conflict of interest
                                    standards; and
                                        (IV) the specific duties of the
                                    Executive Director.

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1692]]

                              (ii) Requirements.--The Board shall ensure
                          that the bylaws of the Foundation and the
                          activities carried out under those bylaws shall
                          not--
                                        (I) reflect unfavorably on the
                                    ability of the Foundation to carry out
                                    activities in a fair and objective
                                    manner; or
                                        (II) compromise, or appear to
                                    compromise, the integrity of any
                                    governmental agency or program, or any
                                    officer or employee employed by, or
                                    involved in, a governmental agency or
                                    program.
                        (H) Compensation.--
                              (i) In general.--No member of the Board shall
                          receive compensation for serving on the Board.
                              (ii) Certain expenses.--In accordance with the
                          bylaws of the Foundation, members of the Board may
                          be reimbursed for travel expenses, including per
                          diem in lieu of subsistence, and other necessary
                          expenses incurred in carrying out the duties of
                          the Board.
                        (I) Restriction on membership.--No employee of the
                    Department shall be appointed as a member of the Board
                    of Directors.
                (3) Purposes.--The purposes of the Foundation are--
                        (A) to support the Department in carrying out the
                    mission of the Department to ensure the security and
                    prosperity of the United States by addressing energy and
                    environmental challenges through transformative science
                    and technology solutions; and
                        (B) to increase private and philanthropic sector
                    investments that support efforts to create,
                    characterize, develop, test, validate, and deploy or
                    commercialize innovative technologies that address
                    crosscutting national energy challenges, including those
                    affecting minority, rural, and other underserved
                    communities, by methods that include--
                              (i) fostering collaboration and partnerships
                          with researchers from the Federal Government,
                          State governments, institutions of higher
                          education, including historically Black colleges
                          or universities, Tribal Colleges or Universities,
                          and minority-serving institutions, federally
                          funded research and development centers, industry,
                          and nonprofit organizations for the research,
                          development, or commercialization of
                          transformative energy and associated technologies;
                              (ii) strengthening and sharing best practices
                          relating to regional economic development through
                          scientific and energy innovation, including in
                          partnership with an Individual Laboratory-
                          Associated Foundation;
                              (iii) promoting new product development that
                          supports job creation;
                              (iv) administering prize competitions--
                                        (I) to accelerate private sector
                                    competition and investment; and
                                        (II) that complement the use of
                                    prize authority by the Department;
                              (v) supporting programs that advance
                          technology maturation, especially where there may
                          be gaps in Federal or private funding in advancing
                          a technology

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1693]]

                          to deployment or commercialization from the
                          prototype stage to a commercial stage;
                              (vi) supporting efforts to broaden
                          participation in energy technology development
                          among individuals from historically
                          underrepresented groups or regions; and
                              (vii) facilitating access to Department
                          facilities, equipment, and expertise to assist in
                          tackling national challenges.
                (4) Activities.--
                        (A) Studies, competitions, and projects.--The
                    Foundation may conduct and support studies,
                    competitions, projects, and other activities that
                    further the purposes of the Foundation described in
                    paragraph (3).
                        (B) Fellowships and grants.--
                              (i) In general.--The Foundation may award
                          fellowships and grants for activities relating to
                          research, development, demonstration, maturation,
                          or commercialization of energy and other
                          Department-supported technologies.
                              (ii) Form of award.--A fellowship or grant
                          under clause (i) may consist of a stipend, health
                          insurance benefits, funds for travel, and funds
                          for other appropriate expenses.
                              (iii) Selection.--In selecting a recipient for
                          a fellowship or grant under clause (i), the
                          Foundation--
                                        (I) shall make the selection based
                                    on the technical and commercialization
                                    merits of the proposed project of the
                                    potential recipient; and
                                        (II) may consult with a potential
                                    recipient regarding the ability of the
                                    potential recipient to carry out various
                                    projects that would further the purposes
                                    of the Foundation described in paragraph
                                    (3).
                              (iv) National laboratories.--A National
                          Laboratory that applies for or accepts an award
                          under clause (i) shall not be considered to be
                          engaging in a competitive process.
                        (C) Accessing facilities and expertise.--The
                    Foundation may work with the Department--
                              (i) to leverage the capabilities and
                          facilities of National Laboratories to
                          commercialize technology; and
                              (ii) to assist with resources, including by
                          providing information on the assets of each
                          National Laboratory that may enable the deployment
                          and commercialization of technology.
                        (D) Training and education.--The Foundation may
                    support programs that provide training to researchers,
                    scientists, other relevant personnel at National
                    Laboratories and institutions of higher education, and
                    previous or current recipients of or applicants for
                    Department funding to help research, develop,
                    demonstrate, deploy, and commercialize federally funded
                    technology.
                        (E) Maturation funding.--The Foundation shall
                    support programs that provide maturation funding to
                    researchers to advance the technology of those
                    researchers for the purpose of moving products from a
                    prototype stage to a commercial stage.

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1694]]

                        (F) Stakeholder engagement.--The Foundation shall
                    convene, and may consult with, representatives from the
                    Department, institutions of higher education, National
                    Laboratories, the private sector, and commercialization
                    organizations to develop programs for the purposes of
                    the Foundation described in paragraph (3) and to advance
                    the activities of the Foundation.
                        (G) Individual and federal laboratory-associated
                    foundations.--
                              (i) Definition of covered foundation.--In this
                          subparagraph, the term ``covered foundation''
                          means each of the following:
                                        (I) An Individual Laboratory-
                                    Associated Foundation.
                                        (II) A Federal Laboratory-
                                    Associated Foundation established
                                    pursuant to subsection (c)(1).
                              (ii) Support.--The Foundation shall provide
                          support to and collaborate with covered
                          foundations.
                              (iii) Guidelines and templates.--For the
                          purpose of providing support under clause (ii),
                          the Secretary shall establish suggested guidelines
                          and templates for covered foundations, including--
                                        (I) a standard adaptable
                                    organizational design for responsible
                                    management;
                                        (II) standard and legally tenable
                                    bylaws and money-handling procedures;
                                    and
                                        (III) a standard training curriculum
                                    to orient and expand the operating
                                    expertise of personnel employed by
                                    covered foundations.
                              (iv) Affiliations.--Nothing in this
                          subparagraph requires--
                                        (I) an existing Individual
                                    Laboratory-Associated Foundation to
                                    modify current practices or affiliate
                                    with the Foundation; or
                                        (II) a covered foundation to be
                                    bound by charter or corporate bylaws as
                                    permanently affiliated with the
                                    Foundation.
                        (H) Supplemental programs.--The Foundation may carry
                    out supplemental programs--
                              (i) to conduct and support forums, meetings,
                          conferences, courses, and training workshops
                          consistent with the purposes of the Foundation
                          described in paragraph (3);
                              (ii) to support and encourage the
                          understanding and development of data that
                          promotes the translation of technologies from the
                          research stage, through the development and
                          maturation stage, and ending in the market stage;
                              (iii) for writing, editing, printing,
                          publishing, and vending books and other materials
                          relating to research carried out under the
                          Foundation and the Department; and
                              (iv) to conduct other activities to carry out
                          and support the purposes of the Foundation
                          described in paragraph (3).
                        (I) Evaluations.--The Foundation shall support the
                    development of an evaluation methodology, to be used as

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1695]]

                    part of any program supported by the Foundation, that
                    shall--
                              (i) consist of qualitative and quantitative
                          metrics; and
                              (ii) include periodic third party evaluation
                          of those programs and other activities of the
                          Foundation.
                        (J) Communications.--The Foundation shall develop an
                    expertise in communications to promote the work of grant
                    and fellowship recipients under subparagraph (B), the
                    commercialization successes of the Foundation,
                    opportunities for partnership with the Foundation, and
                    other activities.
                        (K) Solicitation and use of funds.--The Foundation
                    may solicit and accept gifts, grants, and other
                    donations, establish accounts, and invest and expend
                    funds in support of the activities and programs of the
                    Foundation.
                        (L) Authority of the foundation.--The Foundation
                    shall be the sole entity responsible for carrying out
                    the activities described in this paragraph.
                (5) Administration.--
                        (A) Executive director.--The Board shall hire an
                    Executive Director of the Foundation, who shall serve at
                    the pleasure of the Board. Subject to the compliance
                    with the policies and bylaws established pursuant to
                    paragraph (2)(G), the Executive Director shall be
                    responsible for the daily operations of the Foundation
                    in carrying the activities described in paragraph (4).
                        (B) Compensation.--The rate of compensation of the
                    Executive Director shall be fixed by the Board.
                        (C) Administrative control.--No member of the Board,
                    officer or employee of the Foundation or of any program
                    established by the Foundation, or participant in a
                    program established by the Foundation, shall exercise
                    administrative control over any Federal employee.
                        (D) <<NOTE: Deadline.>> Strategic plan.--Not later
                    than 1 year after the date of enactment of this Act, the
                    Foundation shall submit to the Committee on Energy and
                    Natural Resources of the Senate and the Committee on
                    Science, Space, and Technology of the House of
                    Representatives a strategic plan that contains--
                              (i) <<NOTE: Time period.>> a plan for the
                          Foundation to become financially self-sustaining
                          in fiscal year 2023 and thereafter (except for the
                          amounts provided each fiscal year under paragraph
                          (11)(A)(iii));
                              (ii) a forecast of major crosscutting energy
                          challenge opportunities, including short- and
                          long-term objectives, identified by the Board,
                          with input from communities representing the
                          entities and areas of subject matter expertise, as
                          applicable, described in paragraph
                          (2)(B)(iii)(II);
                              (iii) a description of the efforts that the
                          Foundation will take to be transparent in the
                          processes of the Foundation, including processes
                          relating to--
                                        (I) grant awards, including
                                    selection, review, and notification;
                                        (II) communication of past, current,
                                    and future research priorities; and

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1696]]

                                        (III) solicitation of and response
                                    to public input on the opportunities
                                    identified under clause (ii);
                              (iv) a description of the financial goals and
                          benchmarks of the Foundation for the following 10
                          years;
                              (v) a description of the efforts undertaken by
                          the Foundation to engage historically
                          underrepresented groups or regions, including
                          through collaborations with historically Black
                          colleges and universities, Tribal Colleges or
                          Universities, minority-serving institutions, and
                          minority-owned and women-owned business, and;
                              (vi) a description of the efforts undertaken
                          by the Foundation to ensure maximum
                          complementarity and minimum redundancy with
                          investments made by the Department.
                        (E) Annual report.--Not later than 1 year after the
                    date on which the Foundation is established, and every
                    years thereafter, the Foundation shall submit to the
                    Committee on Energy and Natural Resources of the Senate,
                    the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology of the
                    House of Representatives, and the Secretary a report
                    that, for the year covered by the report--
                              (i) describes the activities of the Foundation
                          and the progress of the Foundation in furthering
                          the purposes of the Foundation described in
                          paragraph (3);
                              (ii) provides a specific accounting of the
                          source and use of all funds made available to the
                          Foundation to carry out those activities to ensure
                          transparency in the alignment of Department
                          missions and policies with national security;
                              (iii) describes how the results of the
                          activities of the Foundation could be incorporated
                          into the procurement processes of the General
                          Services Administration; and
                              (iv) <<NOTE: Summary.>>  includes a summary of
                          each evaluation conducted using the evaluation
                          methodology described in paragraph (4)(I).
                        (F) <<NOTE: Deadline.>>  Evaluation by comptroller
                    general.--Not later than 5 years after the date on which
                    the Foundation is established, the Comptroller General
                    of the United States shall submit to the Committee on
                    Energy and Natural Resources of the Senate and the
                    Committee on Science, Space, and Technology of the House
                    of Representatives--
                              (i) an evaluation of--
                                        (I) the extent to which the
                                    Foundation is achieving the mission of
                                    the Foundation; and
                                        (II) the operation of the
                                    Foundation; and
                              (ii) <<NOTE: Recommenda- tions.>>  any
                          recommendations on how the Foundation may be
                          improved.
                        (G) Audits.--The Foundation shall--
                              (i) provide for annual audits of the financial
                          condition of the Foundation; and
                              (ii) make the audits, and all other records,
                          documents, and papers of the Foundation, available
                          to the Secretary and the Comptroller General of
                          the United States for examination or audit.
                        (H) Separate fund accounts.--The Board shall ensure
                    that any funds received under paragraph (11)(A)

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1697]]

                    are held in a separate account from any other funds
                    received by the Foundation.
                        (I) Integrity.--
                              (i) <<NOTE: Procedures.>> In general.--To
                          ensure integrity in the operations of the
                          Foundation, the Board shall develop and enforce
                          procedures relating to standards of conduct,
                          financial disclosure statements, conflicts of
                          interest (including recusal and waiver rules),
                          audits, and any other matters determined
                          appropriate by the Board.
                              (ii) Financial conflicts of interest.--To
                          mitigate conflicts of interest and risks from
                          malign foreign influence, any individual who is an
                          officer, employee, or member of the Board is
                          prohibited from any participation in deliberations
                          by the Foundation of a matter that would directly
                          or predictably affect any financial interest of--
                                        (I) the individual;
                                        (II) a relative (as defined in
                                    section 109 of the Ethics in Government
                                    Act of 1978 (5 U.S.C. App.)) of that
                                    individual; or
                                        (III) a business organization or
                                    other entity in which the individual has
                                    an interest, including an organization
                                    or other entity with which the
                                    individual is negotiating employment.
                        (J) <<NOTE: Standards.>> Intellectual property.--The
                    Board shall adopt written standards to govern the
                    ownership and licensing of any intellectual property
                    rights developed by the Foundation or derived from the
                    collaborative efforts of the Foundation.
                        (K) Liability.--
                              (i) In general.--The United States shall not
                          be liable for any debts, defaults, acts, or
                          omissions of--
                                        (I) the Foundation;
                                        (II) a Federal entity with respect
                                    to an agreement of that Federal entity
                                    with the Foundation; or
                                        (III) an Individual Laboratory-
                                    Associated Foundation with respect to an
                                    agreement of that Federal entity with
                                    the Foundation.
                              (ii) Full faith and credit.--The full faith
                          and credit of the United States shall not extend
                          to any obligations of the Foundation.
                        (L) Nonapplicability of faca.--The Federal Advisory
                    Committee Act (5 U.S.C. App.) shall not apply to the
                    Foundation or an Individual Laboratory-Associated
                    Foundation.
                (6) Department collaboration.--
                        (A) <<NOTE: Coordination.>>  National
                    laboratories.--The Secretary shall collaborate with the
                    Foundation to develop a process to ensure collaboration
                    and coordination between the Department, the Foundation,
                    and National Laboratories--
                              (i) to streamline contracting processes
                          between National Laboratories and the Foundation,
                          including by--
                                        (I) streamlining the ability of the
                                    Foundation to transfer equipment and
                                    funds to National Laboratories;

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1698]]

                                        (II) standardizing contract
                                    mechanisms to be used by the Foundation
                                    in engaging with National Laboratories;
                                    and
                                        (III) streamlining the ability of
                                    the Foundation to fund endowed positions
                                    at National Laboratories;
                              (ii) to allow a National Laboratory or site of
                          a National Laboratory--
                                        (I) to accept and perform work for
                                    the Foundation, consistent with provided
                                    resources, notwithstanding any other
                                    provision of law governing the
                                    administration, mission, use, or
                                    operations of the National Laboratory or
                                    site, as applicable; and
                                        (II) to perform that work on a basis
                                    equal to other missions at the National
                                    Laboratory; and
                              (iii) to permit the director of any National
                          Laboratory or site of a National Laboratory to
                          enter into a cooperative research and development
                          agreement or negotiate a licensing agreement with
                          the Foundation pursuant to section 12 of the
                          Stevenson-Wydler Technology Innovation Act of 1980
                          (15 U.S.C. 3710a).
                        (B) <<NOTE: Appointment. Coordination.>> Department
                    liaisons.--The Secretary shall appoint liaisons from
                    across the Department to collaborate and coordinate with
                    the Foundation, including not less than 1 liaison from
                    the Office of Technology Transitions, who shall ensure
                    that the Foundation works in conjunction with and does
                    not duplicate existing activities and programs carried
                    out by the Department, including the Technology
                    Commercialization Fund of the Department.
                        (C) Administration.--The Secretary shall leverage
                    appropriate arrangements, contracts, and directives to
                    carry out the process developed under subparagraph (A).
                (7) National security.--Nothing in this subsection exempts
            the Foundation from any national security policy of the
            Department.
                (8) <<NOTE: Determination.>> Support services.--The
            Secretary may provide facilities, utilities, and support
            services to the Foundation if it is determined by the Secretary
            to be advantageous to the research programs of the Department.
                (9) Preemption of authority.--This subsection shall not
            preempt any authority or responsibility of the Secretary under
            any other provision of law.
                (10) Transfer funds.--The Foundation may transfer funds to
            the Department, which shall be subject to all applicable Federal
            limitations relating to federally funded research.
                (11) <<NOTE: Time periods.>>  Authorization of
            appropriations.--
                        (A) In general.--There is authorized to be
                    appropriated--
                              (i) not less than $1,500,000 shall be for the
                          Secretary for fiscal year 2023 to establish the
                          Foundation;
                              (ii) not less than $30,000,000 shall be for
                          the Foundation for fiscal year 2024 to carry out
                          the activities of the Foundation; and
                              (iii) not less than $3,000,000 shall be for
                          the Foundation for each of the fiscal years 2025
                          through 2027 for administrative and operational
                          costs.

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1699]]

                        (B) Limitation.--None of the funds authorized to be
                    appropriated to the Secretary by subparagraph (A)(i) of
                    this paragraph shall be used for construction.
                        (C) Cost share.--Funds made available under
                    subparagraph (A)(ii) shall be required to be cost-
                    shared by a partner of the Foundation other than the
                    Department or a National Laboratory.

        (c) National Energy Technology Laboratory-associated Foundation.--
                (1) Establishment.--
                        (A) <<NOTE: Contracts.>> In general.--The National
                    Energy Technology Laboratory may establish, or enter
                    into an agreement with a nonprofit organization to
                    establish, a Federal Laboratory-Associated Foundation
                    (referred to in this subsection as a ``Laboratory
                    Foundation'') to support the mission of the National
                    Energy Technology Laboratory.
                        (B) Not agency or instrumentality.--A Laboratory
                    Foundation shall not be an agency or instrumentality of
                    the Federal Government.
                        (C) Governance structure.--A Laboratory Foundation
                    established under subparagraph (A) shall have a separate
                    governance structure from, and shall be managed
                    independently of, the National Energy Technology
                    Laboratory.
                (2) Activities.--Activities of a Laboratory Foundation may
            include--
                        (A) conducting support studies, competitions,
                    projects, research, and other activities that further
                    the purpose of the Laboratory Foundation;
                        (B) carrying out programs to foster collaboration
                    and partnership among researchers from the Federal
                    Government, State governments, institutions of higher
                    education, federally funded research and development
                    centers, and industry and nonprofit organizations
                    relating to the research, development, and
                    commercialization of federally supported technologies;
                        (C) carrying out programs to leverage technologies
                    to support new product development that supports
                    regional economic development;
                        (D) administering prize competitions--
                              (i) to accelerate private sector competition
                          and investment; and
                              (ii) that complement the use of prize
                          authority by the Department;
                        (E) providing fellowships and grants to research and
                    development personnel at, or affiliated with, federally
                    funded centers, in accordance with paragraph (3);
                        (F) carrying out programs--
                              (i) that allow scientists from foreign
                          countries to serve in research capacities in the
                          United States or other countries in association
                          with the National Energy Technology Laboratory;
                              (ii) that provide opportunities for employees
                          of the National Energy Technology Laboratory to
                          serve in research capacities in foreign countries;
                              (iii) to conduct studies, projects, or
                          research in collaboration with national and
                          international nonprofit

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1700]]

                          and for-profit organizations, which may include
                          the provision of stipends, travel, and other
                          support for personnel;
                              (iv)(I) to hold forums, meetings, conferences,
                          courses, and training workshops that may include
                          undergraduate, graduate, post- graduate, and post-
                          doctoral accredited courses; and
                              (II) for the accreditation of those courses by
                          the Laboratory Foundation at the State and
                          national level for college degrees or continuing
                          education credits;
                              (v) to support and encourage teachers and
                          students of science at all levels of education;
                              (vi) to promote an understanding of science
                          amongst the general public;
                              (vii) for writing, editing, printing,
                          publishing, and vending of relevant books and
                          other materials; and
                              (viii) for the conduct of other activities to
                          carry out and support the purpose of the
                          Laboratory Foundation; and
                        (G) receiving, administering, soliciting, accepting,
                    and using funds, gifts, devises, or bequests, either
                    absolutely or in trust of real or personal property or
                    any income therefrom, or other interest or equity
                    therein for the benefit of, or in connection with, the
                    mission of the applicable Federal laboratory, in
                    accordance with paragraph (4).
                (3) Fellowships and grants.--
                        (A) Selection.--Recipients of fellowships and grants
                    described in paragraph (2)(E) shall be selected--
                              (i) by a Laboratory Foundation and the donors
                          to a Laboratory Foundation;
                              (ii) subject to the agreement of the head of
                          the agency the mission of which is supported by a
                          Laboratory Foundation; and
                              (iii) in the case of a fellowship, based on
                          the recommendation of the employees of the
                          National Energy Technology Laboratory at which the
                          fellow would serve.
                        (B) Expenses.--Fellowships and grants described in
                    paragraph (2)(E) may include stipends, travel, health
                    insurance, benefits, and other appropriate expenses.
                (4) Gifts.--An amount of funds, a gift, a devise, or a
            bequest described in paragraph (2)(G) may be accepted by a
            Laboratory Foundation regardless of whether it is encumbered,
            restricted, or subject to a beneficial interest of a private
            person if any current or future interest of the funds, gift,
            devise, or bequest is for the benefit of the research and
            development activities of the National Energy Technology
            Laboratory.
                (5) Ownership by federal government.--A contribution, gift,
            or any other transfer made to or for the use of a Laboratory
            Foundation shall be regarded as a contribution, gift, or
            transfer to or for the use of the Federal Government.
                (6) Liability.--The United States shall not be liable for
            any debts, defaults, acts, or omissions of a Laboratory
            Foundation.
                (7) Transfer of funds.--Notwithstanding any other provision
            of law, a Laboratory Foundation may transfer funds to the
            National Energy Technology Laboratory and the National

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1701]]

            Energy Technology Laboratory may accept that transfer of funds.
                (8) Other laws.--This subsection shall not alter or
            supersede any other provision of law governing the authority,
            scope, establishment, or use of nonprofit organizations by a
            Federal agency.

                   Subtitle J--Energizing Technology Transfer

    SEC. 10701. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19291.>> DEFINITIONS.

        In this subtitle:
                (1) Clean energy technology.--The term ``clean energy
            technology'' means a technology that significantly reduces
            energy use, increases energy efficiency, reduces greenhouse gas
            emissions, reduces emissions of other pollutants, or mitigates
            other negative environmental consequences of energy production,
            transmission or use.
                (2) Department.--The term ``Department'' means the
            Department of Energy.
                (3) Director.--The term ``Director'' means the Director of
            each National Laboratory and the Director of each Department of
            Energy single-purpose research facility.
                (4) Economically distressed area.--The term ``economically
            distressed area'' has the meaning described in section 301(a) of
            the Public Works and Economic Development Act of 1965 (42 U.S.C.
            3161(a)).
                (5) Grant.--The term ``grant'' means a grant award,
            cooperative agreement award, or any other financial assistance
            arrangement that the Secretary of Energy determines to be
            appropriate.
                (6) Institution of higher education.--The term ``institution
            of higher education'' has the meaning given such term in section
            101 of the Higher Education Act of 1965, as amended (20 U.S.C.
            1001).
                (7) National laboratory.--The term ``National Laboratory''
            has the meaning given that term in section 2 of the Energy
            Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 15801).
                (8) Secretary.--The term ``Secretary'' means the Secretary
            of Energy.

           PART 1--NATIONAL CLEAN ENERGY TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER PROGRAMS

    SEC. 10713. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19301.>> NATIONAL CLEAN ENERGY
                                INCUBATOR PROGRAM.

        (a) Clean Energy Incubator Defined.--In this section, the term
    ``clean energy incubator''--
                (1) means any entity that is designed to accelerate the
            commercial application of clean energy technologies by
            providing--
                        (A) physical workspace, labs, and prototyping
                    facilities to support clean energy startups or
                    established clean energy companies; or
                        (B) companies developing such technologies with
                    support, resources, and services, including--

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1702]]

                              (i) access to business education and
                          counseling;
                              (ii) mentorship opportunities; and
                              (iii) other services rendered for the purpose
                          of aiding the development and commercial
                          application of a clean energy technology; and
                (2) may include a program within or established by a
            National Laboratory, an institution of higher education or a
            State, territorial, local, or tribal government.

        (b) <<NOTE: Deadline.>>  Program Establishment.--Not later than 180
    days after the enactment of this Act, the Secretary, acting through the
    Chief Commercialization Officer established in section 1001(a) of the
    Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 16391(a)), shall establish a Clean
    Energy Incubator Program (herein referred to as the ``program'') to
    competitively award grants to clean energy incubators.

        (c) Clean Energy Incubator Selection.--In awarding grants to clean
    energy incubators under subsection (b), the Secretary shall, to the
    maximum extent practicable, prioritize funding clean energy incubators
    that--
                (1) partner with entities that carry out activities relevant
            to the activities of such incubator and that operate at the
            local, State, and regional levels;
                (2) support the commercial application activities of startup
            companies focused on physical hardware, computational, or
            integrated hardware and software technologies;
                (3) are located in geographically diverse regions of the
            United States, such as the Great Lakes region;
                (4) are located in, or partner with entities located in,
            economically-distressed areas;
                (5) support the development of entities focused on expanding
            clean energy tools and technologies to rural, Tribal, and low-
            income communities;
                (6) support the commercial application of technologies being
            developed by clean energy entrepreneurs from underrepresented
            backgrounds; and
                (7) have a plan for sustaining activities of the incubator
            after grant funds received under this program have been
            expended.

        (d) Award Limits.--The Secretary shall not award more than
    $4,000,000 to one or more incubators in one given State, per fiscal
    year.
        (e) Duration.--Each grant under subsection (b) shall be for a period
    of no longer than 5 years, subject to the availability of
    appropriations.
        (f) Use of Funds.--An entity receiving a grant under this section
    may use grant amounts for operating expenses.
        (g) <<NOTE: Time period.>> Renewal.--An award made to a clean energy
    incubator under this section may be renewed for a period of not more
    than 3 years, subject to merit review.

        (h) <<NOTE: Analyses.>>  Evaluation.--In accordance with section
    9007 of division Z of the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2021 (Public
    Law 116-260), the Secretary shall submit to the Committee on Science,
    Space, and Technology of the House of Representatives and the Committee
    on Energy and Natural Resources of the Senate an evaluation of the
    program established under this section that includes analyses of the
    performance of the clean energy incubators.

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1703]]

        (i) <<NOTE: Time period.>>  Authorization of Appropriations.--There
    are authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out this
    section $15,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2023 through 2027.
    SEC. 10714. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19302.>>  CLEAN ENERGY TECHNOLOGY
                                UNIVERSITY PRIZE COMPETITION.

        (a) Definitions.--In this section:
                (1) Eligible entity.--The term ``eligible entity'' means a
            nonprofit entity, an institution of higher education, or an
            entity working with one or more institutions of higher
            education.
                (2) Minority-serving institution.--The term ``minority-
            serving institution'' means an institution described in section
            371(a) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1067q(a)).

        (b) In General.--The Secretary shall establish a program, known as
    the ``Clean Energy Technology University Prize'', to award funding for
    eligible entities to carry out regional and one national clean energy
    technology prize competitions, under section 24 of the Stevenson-Wydler
    Technology Innovation Act of 1980 (15 U.S.C. 3719). In carrying out such
    prize competitions, students shall compete to develop a business model
    for furthering the commercial application of an innovative clean energy
    technology.
        (c) Training Funding.--In carrying out this program, the Secretary
    may provide funding to train participating students in skills needed for
    the successful commercial application of clean energy technologies,
    including through virtual training sessions.
        (d) Prioritization.--In awarding grants under this section, the
    Secretary shall prioritize awarding grants to eligible entities that
    work with students at minority-serving institutions.
        (e) Coordination.--In carrying out this program, the Secretary shall
    coordinate and partner with other clean energy technology prize
    competitions. In doing so, the Secretary may develop and disseminate
    best practices for administering prize competitions under this section.
        (f) Report.--In accordance with section 9007 of division Z of the
    Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2021 (Public Law 116-260), the
    Secretary shall report annually on the progress and implementation of
    the program established under section (b).
        (g) Evaluation.--In accordance with section 9007 of division Z of
    the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2021 (Public Law 116-260), the
    Secretary shall submit to the Committee on Science, Space, and
    Technology of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Energy
    and Natural Resources of the Senate an evaluation on the long-term
    outcomes of the program established under this section and the progress
    towards achieving the purposes of the program in subsection (b).
        (h) <<NOTE: Time period.>>  Authorization of Appropriations.--There
    are authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out the
    activities authorized in this section $1,000,000 for each of fiscal
    years 2023 through 2027.
    SEC. 10715. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19303.>> CLEAN ENERGY TECHNOLOGY
                                TRANSFER COORDINATION.

        (a) <<NOTE: Coordination.>>  In General.--The Secretary, acting
    through the Chief Commercialization Officer established in section 1001
    (a) of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 16391 (a)), shall
    support the coordination of relevant technology transfer programs that
    advance the commercial application of clean energy technologies
    nationally and across all energy sectors. In particular, the Secretary
    may support activities to--

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1704]]

                (1) facilitate the sharing of information on best practices
            for successful operation of clean energy technology transfer
            programs;
                (2) coordinate resources and improve cooperation among clean
            energy technology transfer programs;
                (3) facilitate connections between entrepreneurs and start-
            up companies and the variety of programs related to clean energy
            technology transfer under the Department; and
                (4) facilitate the development of metrics to measure the
            impact of clean energy technology transfer programs on--
                        (A) advancing the development, demonstration, and
                    commercial application of clean energy technologies;
                        (B) increasing the competitiveness of United States
                    in the clean energy sector, including in manufacturing;
                    and
                        (C) commercial application of clean energy
                    technologies being developed by entrepreneurs from
                    under-represented backgrounds.

        (b) <<NOTE: Time period.>>  Authorization of Appropriations.--There
    are authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out the
    activities in this section $3,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2023
    through 2027.

     PART 2--SUPPORTING TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT AT THE NATIONAL LABORATORIES

    SEC. 10716. LAB PARTNERING SERVICE PILOT PROGRAM.

         Section 9002 of division Z of the Consolidated Appropriations Act,
    2021 (Public Law 116-260) <<NOTE: 42 USC 16391 note.>>  is amended by
    adding at the end the following:

        ``(h) <<NOTE: Time periods.>> Authorization of Appropriations.--
    There are authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary $2,000,000 for
    each of fiscal years 2023 through 2025 to carry out subsections (a),
    (b), and (c), and $1,700,000 for each of fiscal years 2023 through 2025
    for National Laboratory employees to provide services under subsection
    (d).''.
    SEC. 10717. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19311.>> LAB-EMBEDDED ENTREPRENEURSHIP
                                PROGRAM.

        (a) <<NOTE: Grants.>> In General.--The Secretary shall competitively
    award grants to National Laboratories for the purpose of establishing or
    supporting Lab-Embedded Entrepreneurship Programs.

        (b) Purposes.--The purposes of such programs are to provide
    entrepreneurial fellows with access to National Laboratory research
    facilities, National Laboratory expertise, and mentorship to perform
    research and development and gain expertise that may be required or
    beneficial for the commercial application of research ideas.
        (c) Entrepreneurial Fellows.--An entrepreneurial fellow
    participating in a program described in subsection (a) shall be provided
    with--
                (1) opportunities for entrepreneurial training, professional
            development, and exposure to leaders from academia, industry,
            government, and finance who may serve as advisors to or partners
            of the fellow;
                (2) financial and technical support for research,
            development, and commercial application activities;

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1705]]

                (3) fellowship awards to cover costs of living, health
            insurance, and travel stipends for the duration of the
            fellowship; and
                (4) any other resources determined appropriate by the
            Secretary.

        (d) Program Activities.--Each National Laboratory that receives
    funding under this section shall support entrepreneurial fellows by
    providing--
                (1) access to facilities and expertise within the National
            Laboratory;
                (2) engagement with external stakeholders; and
                (3) market and customer development opportunities.

        (e) Administration.--National Laboratories that receive grants under
    this section shall prioritize the support and success of the
    entrepreneurial fellow with regards to professional development and
    development of a relevant technology.
        (f) Partnerships.--In carrying out a Lab-Embedded Entrepreneurship
    Program, a National Laboratory may partner with an external entity,
    including--
                (1) a nonprofit organization;
                (2) an institution of higher education;
                (3) a federally-owned corporation; or
                (4) a consortium of 2 or more entities described in
            paragraphs (1) through (3).

        (g) Metrics.--The Secretary shall support the development of short-
    term and long-term metrics to assess the effectiveness of programs
    receiving a grant under subsection (a) in achieving the purposes of the
    program in subsection (a).
        (h) Evaluation.--In accordance with section 9007 of division Z of
    the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2021 (Public Law 116-260), the
    Secretary shall submit to the Committee on Science, Space, and
    Technology of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Energy
    and Natural Resources of the Senate an evaluation of the effectiveness
    of the programs under subsection (a) based on the metrics developed
    pursuant to subsection (g).
        (i) Coordination.--The Secretary shall oversee the planning and
    coordination of grants under subsection (a) and shall identify and
    disseminate best practices for achieving the purposes of subsection (a)
    to National Laboratories that receive grants under this section.
        (j) Interagency Collaboration.--The Secretary shall collaborate with
    other executive branch agencies, including the Department of Defense and
    other agencies with Federal laboratories, regarding opportunities to
    partner with National Laboratories receiving a grant under subsection
    (a).
        (k) <<NOTE: Time periods.>> Authorization of Appropriations.--There
    are authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out the
    activities authorized in this section $25,000,000 for each of fiscal
    years 2023 through 2027.
    SEC. 10718. SMALL BUSINESS VOUCHER PROGRAM.

        Section 1003 of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 16393) is
    amended--
                (1) in subsection (a)--
                        (A) in the matter preceding paragraph (1), by
                    striking ``, and may require the Director of a single-
                    purpose research

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1706]]

                    facility,'' and inserting ``(as defined in section 2)
                    and the Director of each single-purpose research
                    facility'';
                        (B) in paragraph (1)--
                              (i) by striking ``increase'' and inserting
                          ``encourage''; and
                              (ii) by striking ``collaborative research,''
                          and inserting ``research, development,
                          demonstration, and commercial application
                          activities, including product development,'';
                        (C) in paragraph (2), by striking ``procurement and
                    collaborative research'' and inserting ``the activities
                    described in paragraph (1)'';
                        (D) in paragraph (3)--
                              (i) by inserting ``facilities,'' before
                          ``training''; and
                              (ii) by striking ``procurement and
                          collaborative research activities'' and inserting
                          ``the activities described in paragraph (1)''; and
                        (E) in paragraph (5), by striking ``for the program
                    under subsection (b)'' and inserting ``and metrics for
                    the programs under subsections (b) and (c)'';
                (2) by redesignating subsections (c) and (d) as subsections
            (d) and (e), respectively;
                (3) by inserting after subsection (b) the following:

        ``(c) Small Business Voucher Program.--
                ``(1) Definitions.--In this subsection:
                        ``(A) Director.--The term `Director' means--
                              ``(i) the Director of each National
                          Laboratory; and
                              ``(ii) the Director of each single-purpose
                          research facility.
                        ``(B) National laboratory.--The term `National
                    Laboratory' has the meaning given the term in section 2.
                        ``(C) Program.--The term `program' means the program
                    established under paragraph (2).
                        ``(D) Small business concern.--The term `small
                    business concern' has the meaning given such term in
                    section 3 of the Small Business Act (15 U.S.C. 632).
                ``(2) <<NOTE: Consultation.>>  Establishment.--The
            Secretary, acting through the Chief Commercialization Officer
            appointed under section 1001(a), and in consultation with the
            Directors, shall establish a program to provide small business
            concerns with vouchers under paragraph (3)--
                        ``(A) to achieve the goal described in subsection
                    (a)(1); and
                        ``(B) to improve the products, services, and
                    capabilities of small business concerns in the mission
                    space of the Department.
                ``(3) Vouchers.--Under the program, the Directors are
            authorized to provide to small business concerns vouchers to be
            used at National Laboratories and single-purpose research
            facilities for--
                        ``(A) research, development, demonstration,
                    technology transfer, skills training and workforce
                    development, or commercial application activities; or
                        ``(B) any other activities that the applicable
                    Director determines appropriate.

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1707]]

                ``(4) Expedited approval.--The Secretary, working with the
            Directors, shall establish a stream-lined approval process for
            financial assistance agreements signed between--
                        ``(A) small business concerns selected to receive a
                    voucher under the program; and
                        ``(B) the National Laboratories and single-purpose
                    research facilities.
                ``(5) Cost-sharing requirement.--In carrying out the
            program, the Secretary shall require cost-sharing in accordance
            with section 988.
                ``(6) Report.--In accordance with section 9007 of division Z
            of the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2021 (Public Law 116-
            260), the Secretary shall report annually on the progress and
            implementation of the small business voucher program established
            under this section, including the number and locations of small
            businesses that received grants under this program.''; and
                (4) in subsection (e) (as so redesignated), by striking
            ``for activities under this section'' and inserting ``for
            activities under subsection (b)'' and inserting before the
            period at the end ``and for activities under subsection (c)
            $25,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2023 through 2027''.
    SEC. 10719. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19312.>>  ENTREPRENEURIAL LEAVE
                                PROGRAM.

        (a) <<NOTE: Program authority. Time period.>> In General.--The
    Secretary shall delegate to Directors the authority to carry out an
    entrepreneurial leave program (referred to in this section as the
    ``program'') to allow National Laboratory employees to take a full leave
    of absence from their position, with the option to return to that or a
    comparable position up to 3 years later, or a partial leave of absence,
    to advance the commercial application of energy and related technologies
    relevant to the mission of the Department.

        (b) Termination Authority.--Directors shall retain the authority to
    terminate National Laboratory employees that participate in the program
    if such employees are found to violate terms prescribed by the National
    Laboratory at which such employee is employed.
        (c) Licensing.--To reduce barriers to participation in the program,
    the Secretary shall delegate to the Directors the requirement to
    establish streamlined mechanisms for facilitating the licensing of
    technology that is the focus of National Laboratory employees who
    participate in the program.
        (d) Report.--In accordance with section 9007 of division Z of the
    Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2021 (Public Law 116-260), the
    Secretary shall report annually on the utilization of this authority at
    National Laboratories, including the number of employees who participate
    in this program at each National Laboratory and the number of employees
    who take a permanent leave from their positions at National Laboratories
    as a result of participating in this program.
        (e) Federal Ethics.--Nothing in this section shall affect existing
    Federal ethics rules applicable to Federal personnel.
    SEC. 10720. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19313.>>  NATIONAL LABORATORY NON-
                                FEDERAL EMPLOYEE OUTSIDE EMPLOYMENT
                                AUTHORITY.

        (a) In General.--The Secretary shall delegate to Directors of
    National Laboratories the authority to allow their non-Federal
    employees--

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1708]]

                (1) to engage in outside employment, including start-up
            companies based on licensing technologies developed at National
            Laboratories and consulting in their areas of expertise, and
            receive compensation from such entities; and
                (2) to engage in outside activities related to their areas
            of expertise at the National Laboratory and may allow employees,
            in their employment capacity at such outside employment, to
            access the National Laboratories under the same contracting
            mechanisms as non-Laboratory employees and entities, in
            accordance with appropriate conflict of interest protocols.

        (b) Requirements.--If a Director elects to use the authority granted
    by subsection (a) of this section, the Director, or their designee,
    shall--
                (1) require employees to disclose to and obtain approval
            from the Director or their designee prior to engaging in any
            outside employment;
                (2) <<NOTE: Protocols.>>  develop and require appropriate
            conflict of interest protocols for employees that engage in
            outside employment;
                (3) maintain the authority to terminate employees engaging
            in outside employment if they are found to violate terms,
            including conflict of interest protocols, mandated by the
            Director; and
                (4) ensure that any such programs or activities are in
            conformance with the Department's research security policies,
            including DOE Order 486.1.

        (c) Additional Restrictions.--Employees engaging in outside
    employment may not--
                (1) allow such activities to interfere with or impede their
            duties at the National Laboratory;
                (2) engage in activities related to outside employment using
            National Laboratory government equipment, property, or
            resources, unless such activities are performed under National
            Laboratory contracting mechanisms, such as Cooperative Research
            and Development Agreements or Strategic Partnership Projects,
            whereby all conflicts of interest requirements apply; or
                (3) use their position at a National Laboratory to provide
            an unfair competitive advantage to an outside employer or start-
            up activity.

        (d) Federal Ethics.--Nothing in this section shall affect existing
    Federal ethics rules applicable to Federal personnel.

                   PART 3--DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY MODERNIZATION

    SEC. 10722. OFFICE OF TECHNOLOGY TRANSITIONS.

        Section 1001(a) of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 16391)
    is amended by adding at the end the following:
                ``(6) Hiring and management.--To carry out the program
            authorized in this section, the Under Secretary for Science may
            appoint personnel using the authorities in section 10726 of the
            Research and Development, Competition, and Innovation Act.
                ``(7) <<NOTE: Time period.>> Authorization of
            appropriations.--There are authorized to be appropriated to the
            Secretary to carry out

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1709]]

            the activities authorized in this section $20,000,000 for each
            of fiscal years 2023 through 2027.''.
    SEC. 10723. MANAGEMENT OF DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY DEMONSTRATION
                                PROJECTS.

        Section 41201 of the Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act (42
    U.S.C. 18861) is amended--
                (1) in subsection (b), by inserting ``including the Office
            of Technology Transitions, the Loan Program Office, and all
            applied program offices,'' after ``Department,'';
                (2) in subsection (d), by inserting ``, including by using
            the authorities in section 10726 of the Research and
            Development, Competition, and Innovation Act,'' after
            ``personnel'';
                (3) by redesignating subsections (e), (f), and (g) as
            subsections (g), (h), and (i), respectively;
                (4) by adding after subsection (d) the following:

        ``(e) Additional Authority.--The Secretary may solicit, select, and
    manage covered projects directly through the program.
        ``(f) Project Termination.--Should an ongoing covered project
    receive an unfavorable review under subsection (c)(5), the Secretary or
    their designee may cease funding the covered project and reallocate the
    remaining funds to new or existing covered projects carried out by that
    program office.''; and
                (5) in subsection (h)(1) (as so redesignated), by striking
            ``The Secretary'' and inserting ``In accordance with section
            9007 of division Z of the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2021
            (Public Law 116-260), the Secretary''.
    SEC. 10724. STREAMLINING PRIZE COMPETITIONS.

        (a) Reporting.--Section 1008 of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42
    U.S.C. 16396) is amended by adding at the end the following:
        ``(h) Report.--In accordance with section 9007 of division Z of the
    Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2021 (Public Law 116-260), the
    Secretary shall report annually on a description of any prize
    competitions carried out using the authority under this section, the
    total amount of prizes awarded along with any private sector
    contributions, the methods used for solicitation and evaluation, and a
    description of how each prize competition advanced the mission of the
    Department.''.
        (b) Technical Amendment.--Section 1008 of the Energy Policy Act of
    2005 (42 U.S.C. 16396) is amended by redesignating the second subsection
    (e) (relating to authorization of appropriations) as subsection (f).
    SEC. 10725. COST-SHARE WAIVER EXTENSION.

        (a) In General.--Section 988 of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42
    U.S.C. 16352) is amended in subsection (b)(4)(B) by striking ``this
    paragraph'' and inserting ``the Research and Development, Competition,
    and Innovation Act''.
        (b) Report.--Section 108(b) of the Department of Energy Research and
    Innovation Act is amended in subsection (b) by striking ``this Act''
    each place it appears and inserting ``the Research and Development,
    Competition, and Innovation Act''.

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1710]]

    SEC. 10726. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19321.>>  SPECIAL HIRING AUTHORITY FOR
                                SCIENTIFIC, ENGINEERING, AND PROJECT
                                MANAGEMENT PERSONNEL.

        (a) In General.--The Under Secretary for Science shall have the
    authority to--
                (1) make appointments of not more than 60 scientific,
            engineering, and professional personnel, without regard to civil
            service laws, to assist the Department in meeting specific
            project or research needs;
                (2) <<NOTE: Determination.>>  fix the basic pay of any
            employee appointed under this section at a rate to be determined
            by the Under Secretary at rates not in excess of Level II of the
            Executive Schedule (EX-II) under section 5311 of title 5, United
            States Code without regard to the civil service laws; and
                (3) <<NOTE: Time period.>> pay any employee appointed under
            this section payments in addition to basic pay, except that the
            total amount of additional payments paid to an employee under
            this subsection for any 12-month period shall not exceed the
            lesser of the following amounts:
                        (A) $25,000.
                        (B) The amount equal to 25 percent of the annual
                    rate of basic pay of that employee.
                        (C) The amount of the limitation that is applicable
                    for a calendar year under section 5307(a)(1) of title 5,
                    United States Code.

        (b) Term.--
                (1) In general.--The term of any employee appointed under
            this section shall not exceed 3 years unless otherwise
            authorized in law.
                (2) Termination.--The Under Secretary for Science shall have
            the authority to terminate any employee appointed under this
            section at any time based on performance or changing project or
            research needs of the Department.
    SEC. 10727. TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER REPORTS AND EVALUATION.

        Section 9007 of division Z of the Consolidated Appropriations Act,
    2021 (Public Law 116-260) <<NOTE: 42 USC 16391a.>>  is amended as
    follows:

        ``(a) Annual Report.--As part of the updated technology transfer
    execution plan required each year under section 1001(h)(2) of the Energy
    Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 16391(h)(2)), the Secretary of Energy (in
    this section referred to as the `Secretary') shall submit to the
    Committee on Science, Space, and Technology of the House of
    Representatives and the Committee on Energy and Natural Resources of the
    Senate a report on the progress and implementation of programs
    established under sections 9001, 9002, 9003, 9004, and 9005 of this Act
    and under sections 10714, 10718, 10719, 10720, and 10723 of the Research
    and Development, Competition, and Innovation Act.
        ``(b) <<NOTE: Deadline. Time period.>>  Evaluation.--Not later than
    3 years after the enactment of this Act and every 3 years thereafter the
    Secretary shall submit to the Committee on Science, Space, and
    Technology of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Energy
    and Natural Resources of the Senate an evaluation on the extent to which
    programs established under sections 9001, 9002, 9003, 9004, and 9005 of
    this Act and sections 10713, 10714, 10715, and 10717 of the Research and
    Development, Competition, and Innovation

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1711]]

    Act are achieving success based on relevant short-term and long-term
    metrics.''.

                              Subtitle K--Micro Act

    SEC. 10731. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19331.>> MICROELECTRONICS RESEARCH FOR
                                ENERGY INNOVATION.

        (a) Definitions.--In this section:
                (1) Center.--The term ``Center'' means a Microelectronics
            Science Research Center established pursuant to subsection (d).
                (2) Department.--The term ``Department'' means the
            Department of Energy.
                (3) Director.--The term ``Director'' means the Director of
            the Office of Science.
                (4) Historically black college or university.--The term
            ``historically Black college or university'' has the meaning
            given the term ``part B institution'' in section 322 of the
            Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1061).
                (5) Institution of higher education.--The term ``institution
            of higher education'' has the meaning given the term in section
            101(a) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1001(a)).
                (6) Microelectronics.--The term ``microelectronics'' means--
                        (A) a semiconductor and related materials;
                        (B) processing chemistries;
                        (C) design technologies;
                        (D) fabrication technologies;
                        (E) lithography technologies;
                        (F) packaging technologies;
                        (G) a sensor;
                        (H) a device;
                        (I) an integrated circuit;
                        (J) a processor;
                        (K) computing architecture;
                        (L) modeling and simulation;
                        (M) a software tool; and
                        (N) any other related technology.
                (7) Minority-serving institution.--The term ``minority-
            serving institution'' means--
                        (A) a Hispanic-serving institution (as defined in
                    section 502(a) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20
                    U.S.C. 1101a(a)));
                        (B) an Alaska Native-serving institution (as defined
                    in section 317(b) of the Higher Education Act of 1965
                    (20 U.S.C. 1059d(b)));
                        (C) a Native Hawaiian-serving institution (as
                    defined in that section);
                        (D) a Predominantly Black Institution (as defined in
                    section 371(c) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20
                    U.S.C. 1067q(c)));
                        (E) an Asian American and Native American Pacific
                    Islander-serving institution (as defined in that
                    section); and

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1712]]

                        (F) a Native American-serving nontribal institution
                    (as defined in that section).
                (8) National laboratory.--The term ``National Laboratory''
            has the meaning given the term in section 2 of the Energy Policy
            Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 15801).
                (9) Program.--The term ``program'' means the program
            established under subsection (c)(1).
                (10) Secretary.--The term ``Secretary'' means the Secretary
            of Energy.
                (11) Skilled technical workforce.--The term ``skilled
            technical workforce'' has the meaning given the term in section
            4(b)(3) of the Innovations in Mentoring, Training, and
            Apprenticeships Act (42 U.S.C. 1862p note; Public Law 115-402).
                (12) Tribal college or university.--The term ``Tribal
            College or University'' has the meaning given the term in
            section 316 of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C.
            1059c).
                (13) Work-based learning.--The term ``work-based learning''
            has the meaning given the term in section 3 of the Carl D.
            Perkins Career and Technical Education Act of 2006 (20 U.S.C.
            2302).

        (b) Findings.--Congress finds that--
                (1) the coming end of Moore's Law presents major
            technological challenges and opportunities for the United States
            and has important implications for national security, economic
            competitiveness, and scientific discovery;
                (2) future progress and innovation in microelectronics, and
            the maintenance of a robust domestic microelectronics supply
            chain, will require an approach that advances relevant materials
            science, electronic and photonic device technologies, processing
            and packaging technologies, manufacturing technologies, circuit,
            chip, and system architecture, and software system and algorithm
            development in a codesign fashion;
                (3) the National Laboratories possess unique technical
            expertise and user facilities that are essential to--
                        (A) overcoming foundational research challenges
                    relevant to the topics described in paragraph (2); and
                        (B) translating and transferring research outcomes
                    to industry; and
                (4) the expertise and user facilities of the National
            Laboratories described in paragraph (3) will enable the
            Department to drive advances in microelectronics that are
            essential to meeting future needs in areas critical to the
            missions of the Department and the future competitiveness of the
            domestic microelectronics industry, including high-performance
            computing, emerging data-centric computing approaches and
            energy-efficient computing, optical sensors, sources, and
            wireless networks, and power electronics and electricity
            delivery systems.

        (c) Microelectronics Research Program.--
                (1) In general.--The Secretary shall carry out a
            crosscutting program of research, development, and demonstration
            of microelectronics relevant to the missions of the Department
            to enable advances and breakthroughs that will--

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1713]]

                        (A) accelerate underlying research and development
                    for design, development, and manufacturability of next-
                    generation microelectronics; and
                        (B) ensure the global competitiveness of the United
                    States in the field of microelectronics.
                (2) Research projects.--
                        (A) In general.--In carrying out the program, the
                    Secretary shall provide financial assistance to eligible
                    entities described in subparagraph (B) to carry out
                    research projects in--
                              (i) foundational science areas, including--
                                        (I) materials sciences, chemical
                                    sciences, and plasma science synthesis
                                    and fabrication;
                                        (II) novel microelectronics devices,
                                    including emerging memory and storage
                                    technologies;
                                        (III) diverse computing
                                    architectures and paradigms, including
                                    analog computing and edge computing;
                                        (IV) data-driven modeling and
                                    simulation;
                                        (V) integrated sensing, power
                                    harvesting, and communications;
                                        (VI) component integration and
                                    subsystems;
                                        (VII) photonic integration and
                                    packaging; and
                                        (VIII) development of codesign
                                    frameworks for all stages of
                                    microelectronics design, development,
                                    fabrication, and application;
                              (ii) cybersecurity by design to result in
                          trusted and resilient microelectronics;
                              (iii) methods for leveraging advanced
                          simulation and artificial intelligence to enhance
                          codesign and discovery in microelectronics;
                              (iv) <<NOTE: Consultation.>>  in consultation
                          with the National Institute of Standards and
                          Technology, fabrication and processing science and
                          metrology associated with microelectronics
                          manufacturing, including lithography, patterning,
                          surface deposition, etching, and cleaning;
                              (v) approaches for optimizing system-level
                          energy efficiency of advanced computing systems,
                          the electrical grid, power electronics, and other
                          energy infrastructure;
                              (vi) approaches for enhancing the durability
                          and lifetime of radiation-hardened electronics;
                              (vii) enhancement of microelectronics
                          security, including the development of integrated
                          devices, packages, and thermal management for
                          severe environments and national security;
                              (viii) <<NOTE: Coordination.>>  in
                          coordination with other relevant initiatives of
                          the Department, methods to improve the lifetime,
                          maintenance, recycling, reuse, and sustainability
                          of microelectronics components and systems,
                          including technologies and strategies that reduce
                          the use of energy, water, critical materials, and
                          other commodities that the Secretary determines
                          are vulnerable to disruption; and
                              (ix) methods and techniques for domestic
                          processing of materials for microelectronics and
                          components of microelectronics.

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1714]]

                        (B) Eligible entities.--An eligible entity referred
                    to in subparagraph (A) is--
                              (i) an institution of higher education,
                          including a historically Black college or
                          university, a Tribal College or University, and a
                          minority-serving institution;
                              (ii) a nonprofit research organization;
                              (iii) a State research agency;
                              (iv) a National Laboratory;
                              (v) a private commercial entity;
                              (vi) a partnership or consortium of 2 or more
                          entities described in clauses (i) through (v); and
                              (vii) any other entity that the Secretary
                          determines appropriate.
                        (C) <<NOTE: Deadline.>>  Notification.--Not later
                    than 30 days after the Secretary provides financial
                    assistance to an eligible entity under subparagraph (A),
                    the Secretary shall submit to the Committee on Energy
                    and Natural Resources of the Senate and the Committee on
                    Science, Space, and Technology of the House of
                    Representatives a notification of the financial
                    assistance provided, including--
                              (i) <<NOTE: Criteria.>> the criteria used by
                          the Secretary to select the eligible entity
                          receiving the financial assistance;
                              (ii) the manner in which the criteria
                          described in clause (i) comport with the purposes
                          of the program described in paragraph (1); and
                              (iii) a description of the research project
                          that the eligible entity will carry out using the
                          financial assistance.
                (3) <<NOTE: Coordination. Consultation.>>  Technology
            transfer.--In carrying out the program, the Secretary, in
            coordination with the Director of the Office of Technology
            Transitions and in consultation with the private sector, shall--
                        (A) support translational research and transfer of
                    microelectronics technologies; and
                        (B) identify emerging research and development needs
                    of industry and government for the benefit of United
                    States economic competitiveness.
                (4) Workforce development.--In carrying out the program, the
            Secretary shall support--
                        (A) workforce development through existing
                    authorities and mechanisms available to the Department,
                    including internships, fellowships, individual
                    investigator grants, and other activities the Secretary
                    determines appropriate; and
                        (B) <<NOTE: Consultation.>>  in consultation with
                    the National Science Foundation, as appropriate,
                    education and outreach activities--
                              (i) to disseminate information and promote
                          understanding of microelectronics and related
                          fields among students at elementary school,
                          secondary school, high school, undergraduate, and
                          graduate levels; and
                              (ii) that may include educational programming
                          with an emphasis on experiential and project-based
                          learning.
                (5) Outreach.--The Secretary shall conduct outreach to
            recruit applicants to the program and engage participants from
            all regions of the United States, especially individuals from
            underserved communities and groups historically underrepresented
            in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics.

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1715]]

                (6) Coordination.--In carrying out the program, the
            Secretary shall--
                        (A) coordinate across all relevant programs and
                    offices of the Department; and
                        (B) coordinate the research carried out under the
                    program relating to microelectronics with activities
                    carried out by other Federal agencies and programs
                    relating to microelectronics research, development,
                    manufacturing, and supply chain security, including the
                    programs authorized under subsections (c) through (f) of
                    section 9906 of the William M. (Mac) Thornberry National
                    Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 (15
                    U.S.C. 4656).
                (7) Report.--Not later than 180 days after the date of
            enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall submit to the
            Committee on Energy and Natural Resources of the Senate and the
            Committee on Science, Space, and Technology of the House of
            Representatives a report describing the goals, priorities, and
            anticipated outcomes of the program.
                (8) <<NOTE: Time period.>>  Funding.--There are authorized
            to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out this
            subsection--
                        (A) $75,000,000 for fiscal year 2023;
                        (B) $100,000,000 for fiscal year 2024;
                        (C) $100,000,000 for fiscal year 2025;
                        (D) $100,000,000 for fiscal year 2026; and
                        (E) $100,000,000 for fiscal year 2027.

        (d) Microelectronics Science Research Centers.--
                (1) In general.--In carrying out the program, subject to the
            availability of appropriations, the Director shall establish not
            more than 4 Microelectronics Science Research Centers, each
            comprising 1 or more eligible entities--
                        (A) to conduct mission-driven research to address
                    foundational challenges in the design, development,
                    characterization, prototyping, demonstration, and
                    fabrication of microelectronics; and
                        (B) to facilitate the translation of research
                    results to industry.
                (2) Eligible entities.--An eligible entity referred to in
            paragraph (1) is--
                        (A) a National Laboratory;
                        (B) an institution of higher education, including a
                    historically Black college or university, a Tribal
                    College or University, and a minority-serving
                    institution;
                        (C) a private commercial entity;
                        (D) a research center;
                        (E) a partnership or consortium of 2 or more
                    entities described in subparagraphs (A) through (D); and
                        (F) any other entity that the Secretary determines
                    appropriate.
                (3) Activities.--The activities of a Center shall include
            research, development, and demonstration activities for--
                        (A) <<NOTE: Consultation.>> accelerating the
                    development of new microelectronics science and
                    technology, including materials, devices, circuits,
                    systems, architectures, fabrication tools, processes,
                    diagnostics, modeling, synthesis, and, in consultation
                    with the National Institute of Standards and Technology,
                    metrology;

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1716]]

                        (B) advancing the sustainability and energy
                    efficiency of new microelectronics devices, packages,
                    and systems;
                        (C) application-driven codesign and prototyping of
                    novel devices to facilitate laboratory-to-fabrication
                    transition;
                        (D) advancing knowledge and experimental
                    capabilities in surface and materials science, plasma
                    science, and computational and theoretical methods,
                    including artificial intelligence, multiscale codesign,
                    and advanced supercomputing capabilities to invent and
                    manufacture revolutionary microelectronic devices;
                        (E) creating technology testbeds for prototyping
                    platforms for validation and verification of new
                    capabilities and sharing of ideas, intellectual
                    property, and the unique facilities of the Department;
                        (F) supporting development of cybersecurity
                    capabilities for computing architectures that measurably
                    improve safety and security and are adaptable for
                    existing and future applications; and
                        (G) supporting long-term and short-term workforce
                    development in microelectronics.
                (4) Request for proposals; merit review.--
                        (A) <<NOTE: Determination.>> In general.--The
                    Director shall, at such time, in such manner, and
                    containing such information as the Director determines
                    to be appropriate, issue a request for proposals from
                    eligible entities described in paragraph (2) seeking to
                    be designated as a Center.
                        (B) Competitive merit review.--The Director shall
                    select eligible entities under subparagraph (A) through
                    a competitive, merit-based process.
                (5) Operation.--
                        (A) Duration.--
                              (i) In general.--Each Center shall operate for
                          a period of not more than 5 years, unless renewed
                          for an additional 5-year period in accordance with
                          clause (ii).
                              (ii) Renewal.--
                                        (I) Initial renewal.--In the case of
                                    a Center that has operated for not more
                                    than 5 years, the Director may renew
                                    support for the Center on a merit-
                                    reviewed basis for a period of not more
                                    than 5 years.
                                        (II) 10-year operation.--In the case
                                    of a Center that has operated for not
                                    less than 5 years but not more than 10
                                    years, the Director may renew support
                                    for the Center on a competitive, merit-
                                    reviewed basis for a period of not more
                                    than 5 years.
                                        (III) 15-year operation.--In the
                                    case of a Center that has operated for
                                    not less than 10 years but not more than
                                    15 years, the Director may renew support
                                    for the Center on a merit-reviewed basis
                                    for a period of not more than 5 years.
                        (B) Termination.--Consistent with the existing
                    authorities of the Department, the Director may
                    terminate an underperforming Center during the
                    performance period.

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1717]]

                (6) <<NOTE: Coordination.>> Technology transfer.--The
            Director, in coordination with the Director of the Office of
            Technology Transitions, shall seek to enter into partnerships
            with industry groups to facilitate the translation and transfer
            of research results produced by the Centers.
                (7) Coordination.--The Secretary shall--
                        (A) establish a coordinating network to coordinate
                    cross-cutting research and foster communication and
                    collaboration among the Centers; and
                        (B) ensure coordination, and avoid unnecessary
                    duplication, of the activities of each Center with the
                    activities of--
                              (i) other research entities of the Department,
                          including--
                                        (I) the Nanoscale Science Research
                                    Centers;
                                        (II) the National Quantum
                                    Information Science Research Centers;
                                        (III) the Energy Frontier Research
                                    Centers;
                                        (IV) the Energy Innovation Hubs;
                                        (V) the National Laboratories; and
                                        (VI) other offices of the
                                    Department;
                              (ii) the National Semiconductor Technology
                          Center established under section 9906(c)(1) of the
                          William M. (Mac) Thornberry National Defense
                          Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 (15 U.S.C.
                          4656(c)(1));
                              (iii) institutions of higher education;
                              (iv) industry; and
                              (v) relevant research activities carried out
                          by other Federal agencies.
                (8) Workforce development.--Each Center shall support
            workforce development through--
                        (A) incorporation of undergraduate students,
                    postdoctoral fellows, graduate students, and early
                    career researchers, as well as elementary school,
                    secondary school, and high school students, through
                    opportunities such as dual-enrollment programs and work-
                    based learning programs, as applicable;
                        (B) hands-on research and equipment training
                    programs;
                        (C) technical training and certificate programs for
                    the skilled technical workforce;
                        (D) facilitation of engagement among academic,
                    industry, and laboratory researchers; and
                        (E) public outreach activities, including to
                    students at elementary school, secondary school, high
                    school, undergraduate, and graduate levels, which may
                    include educational programming with an emphasis on
                    experiential and project-based learning.
                (9) Outreach.--The Director shall support the workforce
            development of Centers under paragraph (8) by conducting
            outreach to recruit applicants and engage participants from all
            regions of the United States, especially individuals from
            underserved communities and groups historically underrepresented
            in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics.
                (10) Intellectual property.--The Secretary shall ensure that
            the intellectual property and value proposition created by the
            Centers are retained within the United States.

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1718]]

                (11) Notification.--
                        (A) Definition of covered determination.--In this
                    paragraph, the term ``covered determination'' means a
                    determination of the Secretary--
                              (i) to establish a Center under paragraph (1);
                              (ii) to renew support for a Center under
                          paragraph (5)(A)(ii); or
                              (iii) to terminate a Center under paragraph
                          (5)(B).
                        (B) <<NOTE: Deadline.>>  Notification.--Not later
                    than 30 days after the Secretary makes a covered
                    determination, the Secretary shall submit to the
                    Committee on Energy and Natural Resources of the Senate
                    and the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology of
                    the House of Representatives a notification of the
                    covered determination, including--
                              (i) <<NOTE: Criteria.>>  the criteria used by
                          the Secretary to make the covered determination;
                          and
                              (ii) the manner in which the criteria
                          described in clause (i) comport with the purposes
                          of the program described in paragraph (1).
                (12) <<NOTE: Time period.>>  Funding.--Subject to the
            availability of appropriations, the Secretary shall use not more
            than $25,000,000 to fund each Center for each of fiscal years
            2023 through 2027.

      Subtitle <<NOTE: National Nuclear University Research Infrastructure
    Reinvestment Act of 2021. Coordination.>> L--National Nuclear University
    Research Infrastructure Reinvestment
    SEC. 10741. <<NOTE: 42 USC 15801 note.>> SHORT TITLE.

         This subtitle may be cited as the ``National Nuclear University
    Research Infrastructure Reinvestment Act of 2021''.
    SEC. 10742. <<NOTE: 42 USC 16274 note.>> PURPOSES.

        The purposes of this subtitle are--
                (1) to upgrade the nuclear research capabilities of
            universities in the United States to meet the research
            requirements of advanced nuclear energy systems;
                (2) to ensure the continued operation of university research
            reactors;
                (3) to coordinate available resources to enable the
            establishment, including the start and efficient completion of
            construction, of new nuclear science and engineering facilities;
            and
                (4) to support--
                        (A) workforce development critical to maintaining
                    United States leadership in nuclear science and
                    engineering and related disciplines; and
                        (B) the establishment or enhancement of nuclear
                    science and engineering capabilities and other, related
                    capabilities at historically Black colleges and
                    universities, Tribal colleges or universities, minority-
                    serving institutions, EPSCoR universities, junior or
                    community colleges, and associate-degree-granting
                    colleges.
    SEC. 10743. UNIVERSITY INFRASTRUCTURE COLLABORATION.

        Section 954(a) of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 16274(a))
    is amended--
                (1) in paragraph (2) by amending subparagraph (D) to read as
            follows:

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1719]]

                        ``(D) promote collaborations, partnerships, and
                    knowledge sharing between institutions of higher
                    education, National Laboratories, other Federal
                    agencies, industry, and associated labor unions; and''.
                (2) by amending paragraph (4) to read as follow:
                ``(4) Strengthening university research and training
            reactors and associated infrastructure.--
                        ``(A) In general.--In carrying out the program under
                    this subsection, the Secretary may support--
                              ``(i) converting research reactors from high-
                          enrichment fuels to low-enrichment fuels and
                          upgrading operational instrumentation;
                              ``(ii) revitalizing and upgrading existing
                          nuclear science and engineering infrastructure
                          that support the development of advanced nuclear
                          technologies and applications;
                              ``(iii) regional or subregional university-led
                          consortia to--
                                        ``(I) broaden access to university
                                    research reactors;
                                        ``(II) enhance existing university-
                                    based nuclear science and engineering
                                    infrastructure; and
                                        ``(III) provide project management,
                                    technical support, quality engineering
                                    and inspections, manufacturing, and
                                    nuclear material support;
                              ``(iv) student training programs, in
                          collaboration with the United States nuclear
                          industry, in relicensing and upgrading reactors,
                          including through the provision of technical
                          assistance; and
                              ``(v) reactor improvements that emphasize
                          research, training, and education, including
                          through the Innovations in Nuclear Infrastructure
                          and Education Program or any similar program.
                        ``(B) <<NOTE: Time period.>>  Of any amounts
                    appropriated to carry out the program under this
                    subsection, there is authorized to be appropriated to
                    the Secretary to carry out clauses (ii) and (iii) of
                    subparagraph (A) $55,000,000 for each of fiscal years
                    2023 through 2027.''.
    SEC. 10744. ADVANCED NUCLEAR RESEARCH INFRASTRUCTURE ENHANCEMENT
                                SUBPROGRAM.

        Section 954(a) of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C.
    16274(a)), as amended by section 3, is further amended--
                (1) by redesignating paragraphs (5) through (8) as
            paragraphs (6) through (9), respectively;
                (2) by inserting after paragraph (4) the following:
                ``(5) Advanced nuclear research infrastructure
            enhancement.--
                        ``(A) In general.--The Secretary shall carry out a
                    subprogram to be known as the Advanced Nuclear Research
                    Infrastructure Enhancement Subprogram in order to--
                              ``(i) demonstrate various advanced nuclear
                          reactor and nuclear microreactor concepts;
                              ``(ii) establish medical isotope production
                          reactors or other specialized applications; and

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1720]]

                              ``(iii) advance other research infrastructure
                          that, in the determination of the Secretary, is
                          consistent with the mission of the Department.
                        ``(B) New nuclear science and engineering
                    facilities.--In carrying out the subprogram, the
                    Secretary shall establish--
                              ``(i) not more than 4 new research reactors;
                          and
                              ``(ii) new nuclear science and engineering
                          facilities, as required to address research demand
                          and identified infrastructure gaps.
                        ``(C) Locations.--New research reactors and
                    facilities established under subparagraph (B) shall be
                    established in a manner that--
                              ``(i) supports the regional or subregional
                          consortia described in paragraph (4)(C); and
                              ``(ii) encourages the participation of--
                                        ``(I) historically Black colleges
                                    and universities;
                                        ``(II) Tribal colleges or
                                    universities;
                                        ``(III) minority-serving
                                    institutions;
                                        ``(IV) EPSCoR universities; and
                                        ``(V) junior or community colleges.
                        ``(D) Fuel requirements.--New research reactors
                    established under subparagraph (B) shall not use high-
                    enriched uranium, as defined in section 2001 of division
                    Z of the Consolidated Appropriations Act of 2021.
                        ``(E) <<NOTE: Time period.>> Authorization of
                    appropriations.--Of any amounts appropriated to carry
                    out the program under this section, there are authorized
                    to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out the
                    subprogram under this paragraph--
                              ``(i) $45,000,000 for fiscal year 2023;
                              ``(ii) $60,000,000 for fiscal year 2024;
                              ``(iii) $65,000,000 for fiscal year 2025;
                              ``(iv) $80,000,000 for fiscal year 2026; and
                              ``(v) $140,000,000 for fiscal year 2027.'';
                          and
                (3) by amending paragraph (9), as redesignated by paragraph
            (1) of this section, to read as follows:
                ``(9) Definitions.--In this subsection:
                        ``(A) Junior faculty.--The term `junior faculty'
                    means a faculty member who was awarded a doctorate less
                    than 10 years before receipt of an award from the grant
                    program described in paragraph (2)(B).
                        ``(B) Junior or community college.--The term `junior
                    or community college' means--
                              ``(i) a public institution of high education,
                          including additional locations, at which the
                          highest awarded degree, or the predominantly
                          awarded degree, is an associate degree; or
                              ``(ii) any Tribal college or university (as
                          defined in section 316 of the Higher Education Act
                          of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1059c)).
                        ``(C) Epscor university.--The term `EPSCoR
                    university' means an institution of higher education
                    located in a State eligible to participate in the
                    program defined in section 502 of the America COMPETES
                    Reauthorization Act of 2010 (42 U.S.C. 1862p note).

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1721]]

                        ``(D) Historically black college or university.--The
                    term `historically Black college or university' has the
                    meaning given the term `part B institution' in section
                    322 of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C.
                    1061).
                        ``(E) Minority-serving institution.--The term
                    `minority-serving institution' means a Hispanic-serving
                    institution, an Alaska Native-serving institution, a
                    Native Hawaiian-serving institution, a Predominantly
                    Black Institution, an Asian American and Native American
                    Pacific Islander-serving institution, or a Native
                    American-serving nontribal institution as described in
                    section 371 of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20
                    U.S.C. 1067q(a)).
                        ``(F) Tribal college or university.--The term
                    `Tribal College or University' has the meaning given
                    such term in section 316 of the Higher Education Act of
                    1965 (20 U.S.C. 1059c).''.
    SEC. 10745. SCIENCE EDUCATION AND HUMAN RESOURCES SCHOLARSHIPS,
                                FELLOWSHIPS, AND RESEARCH AND
                                DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS.

        (a) <<NOTE: 42 USC 16274a note.>> In General.--The purpose of this
    section is to support a diverse workforce for the complex landscape
    associated with effective and equitable development of advanced nuclear
    energy technologies, including interdisciplinary research to enable
    positive impacts and avoid potential negative impacts across the
    lifespan of nuclear energy technologies.

        (b) Nontechnical Nuclear Research.--Section 313 of the Omnibus
    Appropriations Act, 2009 (Public Law 111-8; 42 U.S.C. 16274a) is
    amended--
                (1) in subsection (b)(2), after ``engineering'', by
            inserting ``, which may include nontechnical nuclear
            research.'';
                (2) in subsection (c), by inserting after paragraph (2) the
            following:
                ``(3) Nontechnical nuclear research.--The term `nontechnical
            nuclear research' means research with specializations such as
            social sciences or law that can support an increase in community
            engagement, participation, and confidence in nuclear energy
            systems, including the navigation of the licensing required for
            advanced reactor deployment, aligned with the objectives in
            section 951(a)(2) of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C.
            16271(a)(2)).''; and
                (3) in subsection (d)(1), by striking ``$30,000,000'' and
            inserting ``$45,000,000''.

        Subtitle M--Steel Upgrading Partnerships and Emissions Reduction

    SEC. 10751. LOW-EMISSIONS STEEL MANUFACTURING RESEARCH PROGRAM.

        (a) Program.--Subtitle D of title IV of the Energy Independence and
    Security Act of 2007 (42 U.S.C. 17111 et seq.) is amended by inserting
    after section 454 the following:

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1722]]

    ``SEC. 454A. <<NOTE: 42 USC 17113a.>> LOW-EMISSIONS STEEL
                              MANUFACTURING RESEARCH PROGRAM.

        ``(a) Purpose.--The purpose of this section is to encourage the
    research and development of innovative technologies aimed at--
                ``(1) increasing the technological and economic
            competitiveness of industry and manufacturing in the United
            States; and
                ``(2) achieving significant net nonwater greenhouse
            emissions reductions in the production processes for iron,
            steel, and steel mill products.

        ``(b) Definitions.--In this section:
                ``(1) Commercially available steelmaking.--The term
            `commercially available steelmaking' means the current
            production method of iron, steel, and steel mill products.
                ``(2) Critical material.--The term `critical material' has
            the meaning given such term in section 7002 of division Z of the
            Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2021 (Public Law 116-260).
                ``(3) Critical mineral.--The term `critical mineral' has the
            meaning given such term in section 7002 of division Z of the
            Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2021 (Public Law 116-260).
                ``(4) Eligible entity.--The term `eligible entity' means--
                        ``(A) an institution of higher education;
                        ``(B) an appropriate State or Federal entity,
                    including a federally funded research and development
                    center of the Department;
                        ``(C) a nonprofit research institution;
                        ``(D) a private entity;
                        ``(E) any other relevant entity the Secretary
                    determines appropriate; and
                        ``(F) a partnership or consortium of two or more
                    entities described in subparagraphs (A) through (E).
                ``(5) Institution of higher education.--The term
            `institution of higher education' has the meaning given the term
            in section 101 of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C.
            1001).
                ``(6) Low-emissions steel manufacturing.--The term `low-
            emissions steel manufacturing' means advanced or commercially
            available steelmaking with the reduction, to the maximum extent
            practicable, of net nonwater greenhouse gas emissions to the
            atmosphere from the production of iron, steel, and steel mill
            products.

        ``(c) <<NOTE: Deadline.>>  In General.--Not later than 180 days
    after the date of enactment of the Research and Development,
    Competition, and Innovation Act, the Secretary shall establish a program
    of research, development, demonstration, and commercial application of
    advanced tools, technologies, and methods for low-emissions steel
    manufacturing.

        ``(d) <<NOTE: Coordination.>>  Requirements.--In carrying out the
    program under subsection (c), the Secretary shall--
                ``(1) coordinate this program with the programs and
            activities authorized in title VI of division Z of the
            Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2021;
                ``(2) coordinate across all relevant program offices of the
            Department, including the Office of Science, Office of Energy

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1723]]

            Efficiency and Renewable Energy, the Office of Fossil Energy,
            and the Office of Nuclear Energy;
                ``(3) leverage, to the extent practicable, the research
            infrastructure of the Department, including scientific computing
            user facilities, x-ray light sources, neutron scattering
            facilities, and nanoscale science research centers; and
                ``(4) conduct research, development, and demonstration of
            low-emissions steel manufacturing technologies that have the
            potential to increase domestic production and employment in
            advanced and commercially available steelmaking.

        ``(e) Strategic Plan.--
                ``(1) <<NOTE: Deadline. Time period.>> In general.--Not
            later than 180 days after the date of enactment of the Research
            and Development, Competition, and Innovation Act, the Secretary
            shall develop a 5-year strategic plan identifying research,
            development, demonstration, and commercial application goals for
            the program established in subsection (c). The Secretary shall
            submit this plan to the Committee on Science, Space, and
            Technology of the House of Representatives and the Committee on
            Energy and Natural Resources of the Senate.
                ``(2) Contents.--The strategic plan submitted under
            paragraph (1) shall--
                        ``(A) identify programs at the Department related to
                    low-emissions steel manufacturing that support the
                    research, development, demonstration, and commercial
                    application activities described in this section, and
                    the demonstration projects under subsection (h);
                        ``(B) establish technological and programmatic goals
                    to achieve the requirements of subsection (d); and
                        ``(C) <<NOTE: Timelines.>>  include timelines for
                    the accomplishment of goals developed under the plan.
                ``(3) <<NOTE: Time period.>> Updates to plan.--Not less than
            once every two years, the Secretary shall submit to the
            Committee on Science, Space, and Technology of the House of
            Representatives and the Committee on Energy and Natural
            Resources of the Senate an updated version of the plan under
            paragraph (1).

        ``(f) Focus Areas.--In carrying out the program established in
    subsection (c), the Secretary shall focus on--
                ``(1) medium- and high-temperature heat generation
            technologies used for low-emissions steel manufacturing, which
            may include--
                        ``(A) alternative fuels, including hydrogen and
                    biomass;
                        ``(B) alternative reducing agents, including
                    hydrogen;
                        ``(C) renewable heat generation technology,
                    including solar and geothermal;
                        ``(D) electrification of heating processes,
                    including through electrolysis; and
                        ``(E) other heat generation sources;
                ``(2) carbon capture technologies for advanced and
            commercially available steelmaking processes, which may
            include--
                        ``(A) combustion and chemical looping technologies;
                        ``(B) use of slag to reduce carbon dioxide
                    emissions;
                        ``(C) pre-combustion technologies; and
                        ``(D) post-combustion technologies;
                ``(3) smart manufacturing technologies and principles,
            digital manufacturing technologies, and advanced data analytics
            to develop advanced technologies and practices in information,

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1724]]

            automation, monitoring, computation, sensing, modeling, and
            networking to--
                        ``(A) model and simulate manufacturing production
                    lines;
                        ``(B) monitor and communicate production line
                    status; and
                        ``(C) model, simulate, and optimize the energy
                    efficiency of manufacturing processes;
                ``(4) technologies and practices that minimize energy and
            natural resource consumption, which may include--
                        ``(A) designing products that enable reuse,
                    refurbishment, remanufacturing, and recycling;
                        ``(B) minimizing waste from advanced and
                    commercially available steelmaking processes, including
                    through the reuse of waste as resources in other
                    industrial processes for mutual benefit;
                        ``(C) increasing resource efficiency; and
                        ``(D) increasing the energy efficiency of advanced
                    and commercially available steelmaking processes;
                ``(5) alternative materials and technologies that produce
            fewer emissions during production and result in fewer emissions
            during use, which may include--
                        ``(A) innovative raw materials;
                        ``(B) high-performance lightweight materials;
                        ``(C) substitutions for critical materials and
                    critical minerals; and
                        ``(D) other technologies that achieve significant
                    carbon emission reductions in low-emissions steel
                    manufacturing, as determined by the Secretary; and
                ``(6) high-performance computing to develop advanced
            materials and manufacturing processes contributing to the focus
            areas described in paragraphs (1) through (5), including--
                        ``(A) modeling, simulation, and optimization of the
                    design of energy efficient and sustainable products; and
                        ``(B) the use of digital prototyping and additive
                    manufacturing to enhance product design.

        ``(g) <<NOTE: Consultation.>> Testing and Validation.--The
    Secretary, in consultation with the Director of the National Institute
    of Standards and Technology, shall support the development of
    standardized testing and technical validation of advanced and
    commercially available steelmaking and low-emissions steel manufacturing
    through collaboration with one or more National Laboratories, and one or
    more eligible entities.

        ``(h) Demonstration.--
                ``(1) <<NOTE: Deadline.>> Establishment.--Not later than 180
            days after the date of enactment of the Research and
            Development, Competition, and Innovation Act, the Secretary, in
            carrying out the program established in subsection (c), and in
            collaboration with industry partners, institutions of higher
            education, and the National Laboratories, shall support an
            initiative for the demonstration of low-emissions steel
            manufacturing, as identified by the Secretary, that uses
            either--
                        ``(A) a single technology; or
                        ``(B) a combination of multiple technologies.
                ``(2) Selection requirements.--Under the initiative
            established under paragraph (1), the Secretary shall select
            eligible

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1725]]

            entities to carry out demonstration projects and to the maximum
            extent practicable--
                        ``(A) encourage regional diversity among eligible
                    entities, including participation by rural States;
                        ``(B) encourage technological diversity among
                    eligible entities; and
                        ``(C) ensure that specific projects selected--
                              ``(i) expand on the existing technology
                          demonstration programs of the Department; and
                              ``(ii) prioritize projects that leverage
                          matching funds from non-Federal sources.
                ``(3) Reports.--The Secretary shall submit to the Committee
            on Science, Space, and Technology of the House of
            Representatives and the Committee on Energy and Natural
            Resources of the Senate--
                        ``(A) <<NOTE: Time period.>>  not less frequently
                    than once every two years for the duration of the
                    demonstration initiative under this subsection, a report
                    describing the performance of the initiative; and
                        ``(B) if the initiative established under this
                    subsection is terminated, an assessment of the success
                    of, and education provided by, the measures carried out
                    by recipients of financial assistance under the
                    initiative.

        ``(i) Additional Coordination.--
                ``(1) Manufacturing u.s.a.--In carrying out this section the
            Secretary shall consider--
                        ``(A) leveraging the resources of relevant existing
                    Manufacturing USA Institutes described in section 34(d)
                    of the National Institute of Standards and Technology
                    Act (15 U.S.C. 278s(d));
                        ``(B) integrating program activities into a relevant
                    existing Manufacturing USA Institute; or
                        ``(C) establishing a new institute focused on low-
                    emissions steel manufacturing.
                ``(2) <<NOTE: Coordination.>>  Other federal agencies.--In
            carrying out this section, the Secretary shall coordinate with
            other Federal agencies that are carrying out research and
            development initiatives to increase industrial competitiveness
            and achieve significant net nonwater greenhouse emissions
            reductions through low-emissions steel manufacturing, including
            the Department of Defense, Department of Transportation, and the
            National Institute of Standards and Technology.''.

        (b) Clerical Amendment.--Section 1(b) of the Energy Independence and
    Security Act of 2007 (42 U.S.C. 17001 note) is amended in the table of
    contents by inserting after the item relating to section 454 the
    following:

    ``Sec. 454A. Low-Emissions Steel Manufacturing Research Program.''.

        Subtitle N--Applied Laboratories Infrastructure Restoration and
                                  Modernization

    SEC. 10761. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19341.>> APPLIED LABORATORIES
                                INFRASTRUCTURE RESTORATION AND
                                MODERNIZATION.

        (a) Definition of National Laboratory.--In this section, the term
    ``National Laboratory'' means--

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1726]]

                (1) the National Renewable Energy Laboratory;
                (2) the National Energy Technology Laboratory;
                (3) the Idaho National Laboratory;
                (4) the Savannah River National Laboratory;
                (5) the Sandia National Laboratories;
                (6) the Los Alamos National Laboratory; and
                (7) the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory.

        (b) Restoration and Modernization Projects.--
                (1) In general.--The Secretary shall fund projects described
            in paragraph (2) as needed to address the deferred maintenance,
            critical infrastructure needs, and modernization of National
            Laboratories.
                (2) <<NOTE: Determination.>> Projects described.--The
            projects referred to in paragraph (1) are, as determined by the
            Secretary--
                        (A) priority deferred maintenance projects at
                    National Laboratories, including facilities sustainment
                    for, upgrade of, and construction of research
                    laboratories, administrative and support buildings,
                    utilities, roads, power plants, and any other critical
                    infrastructure; and
                        (B) lab modernization projects at National
                    Laboratories, including projects relating to core
                    infrastructure needed--
                              (i) to support existing and emerging science
                          missions with new and specialized requirements for
                          world-leading scientific user facilities and
                          computing capabilities; and
                              (ii) to maintain safe, efficient, reliable,
                          and environmentally responsible operations,
                          including pilot projects to demonstrate net-zero
                          emissions with resilient operations.
                (3) Approach.--In carrying out paragraph (1), the Secretary
            shall use all available approaches and mechanisms, as the
            Secretary determines to be appropriate, including--
                        (A) capital line items;
                        (B) minor construction projects;
                        (C) energy savings performance contracts;
                        (D) utility energy service contracts;
                        (E) alternative financing; and
                        (F) expense funding.

        (c) <<NOTE: Time period. List.>> Submission to Congress.--For each
    fiscal year through fiscal year 2027, at the same time as the annual
    budget submission of the President, the Secretary shall submit to the
    Committee on Appropriations and the Committee on Energy and Natural
    Resources of the Senate and the Committee on Appropriations and the
    Committee on Science, Space, and Technology of the House of
    Representatives a list of projects for which the Secretary will provide
    funding under this section, including a description of each project and
    the funding profile for the project.

        (d) <<NOTE: Time period.>> Authorization of Appropriations.--There
    is authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out the
    activities described in this section $800,000,000 for each of fiscal
    years 2023 through 2027, of which, in each fiscal year--
                (1) $640,000,000 is authorized to be appropriated for
            projects at National Laboratories described in paragraphs (1)
            through (4) of subsection (a); and

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1727]]

                (2) $160,000,000 is authorized to be appropriated for
            projects at National Laboratories described in paragraphs (5)
            through (7) of that subsection.

          Subtitle O--Department of Energy Research, Development, and
                            Demonstration Activities

    SEC. 10771. <<NOTE: Appropriations authorization. Time
                                period.>> DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY
                                RESEARCH, DEVELOPMENT, AND
                                DEMONSTRATION ACTIVITIES.

        For the purpose of carrying out research, development, and
    demonstration activities and addressing energy-related supply chain
    activities in the key technology focus areas (as described in section
    10387), there are authorized to be appropriated the following amounts:
                (1) Office of energy efficiency and renewable energy.--In
            addition to amounts otherwise authorized to be appropriated or
            made available, there are authorized to be appropriated to the
            Secretary of Energy (referred to in this section as the
            ``Secretary''), acting through the Office of Energy Efficiency
            and Renewable Energy, for the period of fiscal years 2023
            through 2026--
                        (A) $1,200,000,000 to carry out building
                    technologies research, development, and demonstration
                    activities;
                        (B) $1,200,000,000 to carry out sustainable
                    transportation research, development, and demonstration
                    activities;
                        (C) $1,000,000,000 to carry out advanced
                    manufacturing research, development, and demonstration
                    activities, excluding activities carried out pursuant to
                    subparagraph (D);
                        (D) $1,000,000,000 to carry out section 454 of the
                    Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 (42 U.S.C.
                    17113);
                        (E) $600,000,000 to carry out advanced materials
                    research, development, and demonstration activities,
                    including relating to upcycling, recycling, and biobased
                    materials; and
                        (F) $800,000,000 to carry out renewable power
                    research, development, and demonstration activities.
                (2) Office of electricity.--In addition to amounts otherwise
            authorized to be appropriated or made available, there is
            authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary, acting through
            the Office of Electricity, for the period of fiscal years 2023
            through 2026, $1,000,000,000 to carry out electric grid
            modernization and security research, development, and
            demonstration activities.
                (3) Office of cybersecurity, energy security, and emergency
            response.--In addition to amounts otherwise authorized to be
            appropriated or made available, there is authorized to be
            appropriated to the Secretary, acting through the Office of
            Cybersecurity, Energy Security, and Emergency Response, for the
            period of fiscal years 2023 through 2026, $800,000,000 to carry
            out cybersecurity and energy system physical security research,
            development, and demonstration activities.

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1728]]

                (4) Office of nuclear energy.--In addition to amounts
            otherwise authorized to be appropriated or made available, there
            is authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary, acting
            through the Office of Nuclear Energy, for the period of fiscal
            years 2023 through 2026, $400,000,000 to carry out advanced
            materials research, development, and demonstration activities.
                (5) Office of environmental management.--In addition to
            amounts otherwise authorized to be appropriated or made
            available, there is authorized to be appropriated to the
            Secretary, acting through the Office of Environmental
            Management, for the period of fiscal years 2023 through 2026,
            $200,000,000 to carry out research, development, and
            demonstration activities, including relating to artificial
            intelligence and information technology.
                (6) Office of fossil energy and carbon management.--In
            addition to amounts otherwise authorized to be appropriated or
            made available, there are authorized to be appropriated to the
            Secretary, acting through the Office of Fossil Energy and Carbon
            Management, for the period of fiscal years 2023 through 2026--
                        (A) $600,000,000 to carry out clean industrial
                    technologies research, development, and demonstration
                    activities pursuant to section 454 of the Energy
                    Independence and Security Act of 2007 (42 U.S.C. 17113);
                        (B) $200,000,000 to carry out alternative fuels
                    research, development, and demonstration activities; and
                        (C) $1,000,000,000 to carry out carbon removal
                    research, development, and demonstration activities.
                (7) Advanced research projects agency--energy.--In addition
            to amounts otherwise authorized to be appropriated or made
            available, there is authorized to be appropriated to the
            Secretary, acting through the Director of the Advanced Research
            Projects Agency--Energy established under section 5012 of the
            America COMPETES Act (42 U.S.C. 16538), for the period of fiscal
            years 2023 through 2026, $1,200,852,898 to carry out activities
            of the Advanced Research Projects Agency--Energy.

                       Subtitle P--Fission for the Future

    SEC. 10781. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19351.>> ADVANCED NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGIES
                                FEDERAL RESEARCH, DEVELOPMENT, AND
                                DEMONSTRATION PROGRAM.

        (a) Definitions.--In this section:
                (1) Advanced nuclear reactor.--The term ``advanced nuclear
            reactor'' has the meaning given the term in section 951(b) of
            the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 16271(b)).
                (2) Eligible entity.--The term ``eligible entity'' means
            each of--
                        (A) a State;
                        (B) an Indian Tribe (as defined in section 4 of the
                    Indian Self-Determination and Education Assistance Act
                    (25 U.S.C. 5304));
                        (C) a Tribal organization (as defined in section 4
                    of the Indian Self-Determination and Education
                    Assistance Act (25 U.S.C. 5304));

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1729]]

                        (D) a unit of local government;
                        (E) an electric utility (as defined in section 3 of
                    the Federal Power Act (16 U.S.C. 796));
                        (F) a National Laboratory (as defined in section 2
                    of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 15801));
                        (G) an institution of higher education (as defined
                    in section 101(a) of the Higher Education Act of 1965
                    (20 U.S.C. 1001(a))); and
                        (H) a private entity specializing in--
                              (i) advanced nuclear technology development;
                              (ii) nuclear supply chains; or
                              (iii) with respect to nuclear technologies and
                          nonelectric applications of nuclear technologies,
                          construction, project financing, contract
                          structuring and risk allocation, or regulatory and
                          licensing processes.
                (3) Program.--The term ``program'' means the program
            established under subsection (b)(1).
                (4) Secretary.--The term ``Secretary'' means the Secretary
            of Energy.

        (b) Establishment of Program.--
                (1) In general.--The Secretary shall establish a program to
            provide Federal financial assistance to eligible entities to
            support the research, development, and demonstration of advanced
            nuclear reactors.
                (2) Competitive procedures.--To the maximum extent
            practicable, the Secretary shall carry out the program using a
            competitive, merit-based review process that is consistent with
            section 989 of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 16353).

        (c) Applications.--An eligible entity desiring Federal financial
    assistance under the program shall submit to the Secretary an
    application at such time, in such manner, and containing such
    information as the Secretary may require.
        (d) Priority.--In selecting eligible entities to receive Federal
    financial assistance under the program, the Secretary shall give
    priority to eligible entities that--
                (1) plan to carry out projects at or near the site of 1 or
            more fossil fuel electric generation facilities that are retired
            or scheduled to retire, including multi-unit facilities that are
            partially shut down--
                        (A) to support the productive reuse of fossil fuel
                    electric generation facilities that are retired or
                    scheduled to retire; and
                        (B) to sustain and revitalize communities impacted
                    by the closure of fossil fuel electric generation
                    facilities;
                (2) plan to support nonelectric applications, including
            supplying heat for--
                        (A) energy storage;
                        (B) hydrogen or other liquid and gaseous fuel or
                    chemical production;
                        (C) industrial processes;
                        (D) desalination technologies and processes;
                        (E) isotope production;
                        (F) district heating; and
                        (G) other applications, as the Secretary determines
                    to be appropriate; and

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1730]]

                (3) have implemented or demonstrated the ability to
            successfully implement workforce training or retraining programs
            to train workers to perform activities relating to the research,
            development, and demonstration of advanced nuclear reactors.

        (e) <<NOTE: Applicability.>>  Cost Share.--Section 988 of the Energy
    Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 16352) shall apply to Federal financial
    assistance provided under the program.

        (f) <<NOTE: Time periods.>>  Authorization of Appropriations.--In
    addition to amounts otherwise available, there are authorized to be
    appropriated to the Secretary to carry out the program--
                (1) $75,000,000 for fiscal year 2023;
                (2) $100,000,000 for fiscal year 2024;
                (3) $150,000,000 for fiscal year 2025;
                (4) $225,000,000 for fiscal year 2026; and
                (5) $250,000,000 for fiscal year 2027.

       TITLE VII-- <<NOTE: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
          Authorization Act of 2022.>> NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE
    ADMINISTRATION AUTHORIZATION ACT
    SEC. 10801. <<NOTE: 51 USC 10101 note.>> SHORT TITLE.

        This title may be cited as the ``National Aeronautics and Space
    Administration Authorization Act of 2022''.
    SEC. 10802. <<NOTE: 51 USC 10101 note.>> DEFINITIONS.

        In this title:
                (1) Administration.--The term ``Administration'' means the
            National Aeronautics and Space Administration.
                (2) Administrator.--The term ``Administrator'' means the
            Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space
            Administration.
                (3) Appropriate committees of congress.--Except as otherwise
            expressly provided, the term ``appropriate committees of
            Congress'' means--
                        (A) the Committee on Commerce, Science, and
                    Transportation of the Senate; and
                        (B) the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology
                    of the House of Representatives.
                (4) Cislunar space.--The term ``cislunar space'' means the
            region of space beyond low-Earth orbit out to and including the
            region around the surface of the Moon.
                (5) Deep space.--The term ``deep space'' means the region of
            space beyond low-Earth orbit, including cislunar space.
                (6) Development cost.--The term ``development cost'' has the
            meaning given the term in section 30104 of title 51, United
            States Code.
                (7) Government astronaut.--The term ``government astronaut''
            has the meaning given the term in section 50902 of title 51,
            United States Code.
                (8) ISS.--The term ``ISS'' means the International Space
            Station.
                (9) Low-enriched uranium.--The term ``low-enriched uranium''
            means uranium having an assay greater than the assay

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1731]]

            for natural uranium but less than 20 percent of the uranium-235
            isotope.
                (10) NASA.--The term ``NASA'' means the National Aeronautics
            and Space Administration.
                (11) Orion.--The term ``Orion'' means the multipurpose crew
            vehicle described in section 303 of the National Aeronautics and
            Space Administration Authorization Act of 2010 (42 U.S.C.
            18323).
                (12) OSTP.--The term ``OSTP'' means the Office of Science
            and Technology Policy.
                (13) Space flight participant.--The term ``space flight
            participant'' has the meaning given the term in section 50902 of
            title 51, United States Code.
                (14) Space launch system.--The term ``Space Launch System''
            means the Space Launch System authorized under section 302 of
            the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Act of 2010
            (42 U.S.C. 18322).
                (15) Unmanned aircraft; unmanned aircraft system.--The terms
            ``unmanned aircraft'' and ``unmanned aircraft system'' have the
            meanings given those terms in section 44801 of title 49, United
            States Code.

                             Subtitle A--Exploration

    SEC. 10811. <<NOTE: 51 USC 20302 note.>> MOON TO MARS.

        (a) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that--
                (1) advances in space technology and space exploration
            capabilities--
                        (A) ensure the long-term technological preeminence,
                    economic competitiveness, STEM workforce development,
                    and national security of the United States; and
                        (B) offer profound inspirational value for future
                    generations;
                (2) the Artemis missions--
                        (A) will make further progress on advancing the
                    human exploration roadmap to achieve human presence
                    beyond low-Earth orbit to the surface of Mars, as
                    required under section 432 of the National Aeronautics
                    and Space Administration Transition Authorization Act of
                    2017 (Public Law 115-10; 51 U.S.C. 20302 note);
                        (B) should fulfill the goal of landing United States
                    astronauts, including the first woman and the next man,
                    on the Moon; and
                        (C) should seek collaboration with commercial and
                    international partners to establish sustainable lunar
                    exploration, and should fund any sustainable lunar
                    activities not directly required for the advancement of
                    a human mission to Mars separately;
                (3) in carrying out the Artemis missions, the Administrator
            should ensure that the entire Artemis program is inclusive and
            representative of all people of the United States, including
            women and minorities;
                (4) safe and successful execution of the roadmap to achieve
            human presence on Mars, including the Artemis missions,
            requires--

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1732]]

                        (A) a clear strategic vision for achieving lunar and
                    Mars exploration that is shared by NASA, international
                    partners, nongovernmental partners, Congress, and the
                    people of the United States;
                        (B) a well-developed and executable timeline,
                    budget, and mission architecture, to inform decisions,
                    including decisions relating to workforce and
                    infrastructure needs and the development of technical
                    and nontechnical skills;
                        (C) consistent NASA oversight of all relevant
                    exploration activities, enabled by NASA leadership with
                    authority, responsibility, and accountability for
                    decisions and well-developed capabilities for systems
                    engineering and integration;
                        (D) clearly defined roles for NASA, international
                    partners, and nongovernmental partners, including
                    criteria for determining whether NASA should make,
                    manage, or buy key capabilities; and
                        (E) mechanisms to ensure NASA insight into the
                    activities of its international and nongovernmental
                    partners, as required to identify and mitigate risks to
                    mission safety and success.

        (b) <<NOTE: Deadlines.>>  Moon to Mars Office and Program.--
                (1) <<NOTE: Establishment.>> Moon to mars office.--Not later
            than 120 days after the date of the enactment of this Act, the
            Administrator shall establish within the Exploration Systems
            Development Mission Directorate a Moon to Mars Program Office
            (referred to in this section as the ``Office'') to lead and
            manage the Moon to Mars program established under paragraph (2),
            including Artemis missions and activities.
                (2) Moon to mars program.--
                        (A) Establishment.--Not later than 120 days after
                    the date of the enactment of this Act, the Administrator
                    shall establish a Moon to Mars Program (referred to in
                    this section as the ``Program'') in accordance with
                    sections 20302(b) and 70504 of title 51, United States
                    Code, which shall include Artemis missions and
                    activities, to achieve the goal of human exploration of
                    Mars.
                        (B) Elements.--The Program shall include the
                    following elements:
                              (i) The Space Launch System under section
                          20302 of title 51, United States Code.
                              (ii) The Orion crew vehicle under such
                          section.
                              (iii) Exploration Ground Systems.
                              (iv) An outpost in orbit around the Moon under
                          section 70504 of such title.
                              (v) Human-rated landing systems.
                              (vi) Spacesuits.
                              (vii) Any other element needed to meet the
                          requirements for the Program.
                        (C) Direction.--The Administrator shall ensure
                    that--
                              (i) each Artemis mission demonstrates or
                          advances a technology or operational concept that
                          will enable human missions to Mars;
                              (ii) the Program incorporates each such
                          mission into the human exploration roadmap under
                          section

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1733]]

                          432 of the National Aeronautics and Space
                          Administration Transition Authorization Act of
                          2017 (Public Law 115-10; 51 U.S.C. 20302 note);
                          and
                              (iii) the Program includes cislunar space
                          exploration activities that--
                                        (I) use a combination of launches of
                                    the Space Launch System and space
                                    transportation services from United
                                    States commercial providers, as
                                    appropriate, for each such mission;
                                        (II) plan for not fewer than 1 Space
                                    Launch System launch annually beginning
                                    after the first successful crewed launch
                                    of Orion on the Space Launch System,
                                    with a goal of 2 Space Launch System
                                    launches annually as soon as
                                    practicable; and
                                        (III) establish an outpost in orbit
                                    around the Moon that--
                                                (aa) demonstrates
                                            technologies, systems, and
                                            operational concepts directly
                                            applicable to the space vehicle
                                            that will be used to transport
                                            humans to Mars;
                                                (bb) has the capability for
                                            periodic human habitation; and
                                                (cc) functions as a point of
                                            departure, return, or staging
                                            for missions to multiple
                                            locations on the lunar surface
                                            or other destinations.
                (3) Director.--
                        (A) <<NOTE: Appointment.>> In general.--The
                    Administrator shall appoint a Director for the Program,
                    who shall lead the Office and report to the Associate
                    Administrator of the Exploration Systems Development
                    Mission Directorate.
                        (B) Accountability.--The Director shall have
                    accountability for risk management and shall have
                    authority, as consistent with NASA Space Flight Program
                    and Project Management requirements--
                              (i) to implement--
                                        (I) Program-level requirements; and
                                        (II) an architecture and program
                                    plan developed to meet such
                                    requirements;
                              (ii) to manage resources, personnel, and
                          contracts necessary to implement the Program, as
                          appropriate;
                              (iii) to manage cost, risk, schedule, and
                          performance factors;
                              (iv) to direct and oversee a Program-wide
                          systems engineering and integration and integrated
                          risk management function; and
                              (v) to carry out other authorities, in
                          accordance with Administration policies and
                          procedures.
                        (C) Responsibilities.--The Director shall be
                    responsible for--
                              (i) developing and managing--
                                        (I) an integrated master plan,
                                    integrated master schedule, and
                                    integrated risk management procedures
                                    for the Program;
                                        (II) a Program-wide systems
                                    engineering and integration function as
                                    described in subsection (c);

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1734]]

                                        (III) plans for technology and
                                    capabilities development;
                                        (IV) logistics support, science data
                                    management, communications, and other
                                    plans that are relevant to the functions
                                    of the Office; and
                                        (V) performance measures to assess
                                    the progress of the Program;
                              (ii) advising the Associate Administrator of
                          the Exploration Systems Development Mission
                          Directorate on the development of--
                                        (I) Program-level requirements,
                                    including for a human Mars orbital
                                    mission and a human mission to the
                                    surface of Mars; and
                                        (II) an architecture based on the
                                    requirements described in subclause (I);
                                    and
                              (iii) informing the Associate Administrator of
                          the Administration on coordination among NASA
                          centers, as required to most efficiently achieve
                          the goals of the Program.

        (c) Systems Engineering and Integration.--The Director of the Office
    shall--
                (1) establish within the Office a Program-wide systems
            engineering and integration function; and
                (2) <<NOTE: Appointment.>>  appoint a manager for such
            function to manage systems engineering and integration
            activities across the Program, including with respect to the
            Program elements described in subsection (b)(2).

        (d) Implementation.--In the implementation of the Program, the
    Administrator shall ensure that--
                (1) for the purposes of reducing risk and complexity and
            making the maximum use of taxpayer investments to date, in
            conducting Artemis activities, the Administration does not take
            any action in regard to the design of the Exploration Upper
            Stage-enhanced Space Launch System that would preclude it from
            carrying an integrated human-rated lunar landing system for
            crewed lunar landing missions;
                (2) the Program maintains a robust series of ground-based
            and in-flight testing activities, including, with respect to
            each crewed system design, not less than 1 uncrewed flight test,
            followed by a crewed flight test, as appropriate, prior to use
            of the design on a human-rated lunar landing system or Mars
            mission; and
                (3) human lunar landing missions under the Program,
            including surface and in-space activities, are carried out
            solely by government astronauts.

        (e) <<NOTE: Reports.>>  Study.--Not later than 180 days after the
    date of the enactment of this Act, the Administrator shall submit to the
    appropriate committees of Congress a report detailing--
                (1) progress towards the establishment of--
                        (A) the Office, the Program, and the Program
                    architecture; and
                        (B) the integrated master plan, integrated master
                    schedule, and integrated risk management procedures for
                    the Program;
                (2) performance measures and milestones for the Program and
            any interim assessment with respect to such performance
            measures, as practicable;

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1735]]

                (3) <<NOTE: Criteria. Determination.>>  initial criteria for
            determining whether NASA should make, manage, or buy key
            capabilities within the Program or engage with international
            partners to access such capabilities;
                (4) <<NOTE: Strategies.>>  strategies to ensure consistent
            insight into the activities of NASA partners, including
            nongovernmental partners, as required to identify and mitigate
            mission risks;
                (5) progress towards the establishment of a systems
            engineering and integration function; and
                (6) <<NOTE: Time period. Effective date.>>  an annual budget
            profile for resources required to implement the Program during
            the 5-year period beginning on the date of the enactment of this
            Act.
    SEC. 10812. <<NOTE: 51 USC 20301 note.>>  SPACE LAUNCH SYSTEM
                                CONFIGURATIONS.

        (a) Exploration Ground Systems Infrastructure.--The Administrator
    shall ensure that--
                (1) the necessary elements of a ground system infrastructure
            are in place to enable the preparation and use of the Space
            Launch System, specifically the Block 1 (at least 70 mt), Block
            1B (at least 105 mt), and Block 2 (at least 130 mt) variants of
            the Space Launch System; and
                (2) not fewer than 2 bays of the vehicle assembly building
            of such ground system infrastructure are outfitted and dedicated
            to support Space Launch System stacking and preparations.

        (b) Flight Rate and Safety.--After the first crewed lunar landing of
    the Administration's Moon to Mars activities, the Administrator shall,
    to the extent practicable, seek to carry out a flight rate of 2
    integrated Space Launch System and Orion crew vehicle missions annually
    until the lunar activities needed to enable a human mission to Mars are
    completed so as to maintain the critical human spaceflight production
    and operations skills necessary for the safety of human spaceflight
    activities in deep space.
        (c) Mobile Launch Platform.--
                (1) In general.--The Administrator is authorized to maintain
            2 operational mobile launch platforms to enable the launch of
            multiple configurations of the Space Launch System.
                (2) Second mobile launch platform.--
                        (A) <<NOTE: Deadline.>>  In general.--In
                    implementing paragraph (1), the Administrator shall take
                    all necessary steps to develop and complete a second
                    mobile launch platform, to be in place by 2026, to
                    support the first launch of the Block 1B variant of the
                    Space Launch System.
                        (B) Requirement.--Such second mobile launch platform
                    shall be sized and constructed to accommodate the Block
                    2 variant of the Space Launch System.

        (d) Reports.--The Administrator shall submit to Congress--
                (1) not later than 45 days after the date of the enactment
            of this Act, a report on the steps the Administrator and
            industry partners are taking--
                        (A) to address the cost, schedule, and performance
                    challenges in the development of the Mobile Launch-2
                    platform; and
                        (B) to ensure that such platform is ready for
                    operational use on a schedule that aligns with the
                    current plans for an Artemis IV launch, which is
                    currently anticipated in 2027; and

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1736]]

                (2) <<NOTE: List. Estimate.>>  not later than 90 days after
            such date of enactment, a report that contains a list of the key
            milestones required for completing each of the Space Launch
            System variants, and an estimated date on which such milestones
            will be completed.

        (e) Exploration Upper Stage.--
                (1) In general.--To meet the capability requirements under
            section 302(c)(2) of the National Aeronautics and Space
            Administration Authorization Act of 2010 (42 U.S.C.
            18322(c)(2)), the Administrator shall continue development of
            the Exploration Upper Stage for the Space Launch System on a
            schedule consistent with the Artemis IV lunar mission.
                (2) <<NOTE: Deadline.>>  Briefing.--Not later than 90 days
            after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Administrator
            shall brief the appropriate committees of Congress on the
            development and scheduled availability of the Exploration Upper
            Stage for the Artemis IV lunar mission.

        (f) Main Propulsion Test Article.--To meet the requirements under
    section 302(c)(3) of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration
    Authorization Act of 2010 (42 U.S.C. 18322(c)(3)), the Administrator may
    initiate development of a main propulsion test article for the
    integrated Exploration Upper Stage element of the Space Launch System,
    consistent with cost and schedule constraints, particularly for long-
    lead propulsion hardware needed for flight.
    SEC. 10813. <<NOTE: 51 USC 20301 note.>>  ROCKET ENGINE TEST
                                INFRASTRUCTURE.

        (a) In General.--The Administrator shall, to the extent practicable,
    continue to carry out a program to modernize rocket propulsion test
    infrastructure at NASA facilities--
                (1) to increase capabilities;
                (2) to enhance safety;
                (3) to support propulsion development and testing; and
                (4) to foster the improvement of Government and commercial
            space transportation and exploration.

        (b) Projects.--Projects funded under the program described in
    subsection (a) may include--
                (1) infrastructure and other facilities and systems relating
            to rocket propulsion test stands and rocket propulsion testing;
                (2) enhancements to test facility capacity and flexibility;
            and
                (3) such other projects as the Administrator considers
            appropriate to meet the goals described in that subsection.

        (c) Requirements.--In carrying out the program under subsection (a),
    the Administrator shall--
                (1) to the extent practicable and appropriate, prioritize
            investments in projects that enhance test and flight
            certification capabilities, including for large thrust-level
            atmospheric and altitude engines and engine systems, and multi-
            engine integrated test capabilities;
                (2) continue to make underutilized test facilities available
            for commercial use on a reimbursable basis; and
                (3) ensure that no project carried out under this program
            adversely impacts, delays, or defers testing or other activities
            associated with facilities used for Government programs,
            including--

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1737]]

                        (A) the Space Launch System and the Exploration
                    Upper Stage of the Space Launch System;
                        (B) in-space propulsion to support exploration
                    missions; or
                        (C) nuclear propulsion testing.

        (d) Rule of Construction.--Nothing in this section shall preclude a
    NASA program, including the Space Launch System and the Exploration
    Upper Stage of the Space Launch System, from using the modernized test
    infrastructure developed under this section.
        (e) Working Capital Fund Study.--
                (1) <<NOTE: Reports.>>  In general.--Not later than 1 year
            after the date of the enactment of this division, the
            Administrator shall submit to the appropriate committees of
            Congress a report on the use of the authority under section
            30102 of title 51, United States Code, to promote increased use
            of NASA rocket propulsion test infrastructure for research,
            development, testing, and evaluation activities by other Federal
            agencies, firms, associations, corporations, and educational
            institutions.
                (2) Matters to be included.--The report required by
            paragraph (1) shall include the following:
                        (A) <<NOTE: Assessment.>>  An assessment of prior
                    use, if any, of the authority under section 30102 of
                    title 51, United States Code, to improve testing
                    infrastructure.
                        (B) <<NOTE: Analysis.>>  An analysis of any barrier
                    to implementation of such authority for the purpose of
                    promoting increased use of NASA rocket propulsion test
                    infrastructure.
    SEC. 10814. PEARL RIVER MAINTENANCE.

        (a) <<NOTE: Coordination. Plan.>>  In General.--The Administrator
    shall coordinate with the Chief of the Army Corps of Engineers on a
    comprehensive plan to ensure the continued navigability of the Pearl
    River and Little Lake channels sufficient to support NASA barge
    operations surrounding Stennis Space Center and the Michoud Assembly
    Facility.

        (b) Report to Congress.--Not later than 180 days after the date of
    the enactment of this division, the Administrator shall submit to the
    appropriate committees of Congress a report on efforts under subsection
    (a).
        (c) Appropriate Committees of Congress Defined.--In this section,
    the term ``appropriate committees of Congress'' means--
                (1) the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation,
            the Committee on Environment and Public Works, and the Committee
            on Appropriations of the Senate; and
                (2) the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology, the
            Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure, and the
            Committee on Appropriations of the House of Representatives.
    SEC. 10815. EXTENSION AND MODIFICATION RELATING TO INTERNATIONAL
                                SPACE STATION.

        (a) Policy.--Section 501(a) of the National Aeronautics and Space
    Administration Authorization Act of 2010 (42 U.S.C. 18351(a)) is amended
    by striking ``2024'' and inserting ``September 30, 2030''.
        (b) Maintenance of United States Segment and Assurance of Continued
    Operations.--Section 503(a) of the National Aeronautics and Space
    Administration Authorization Act of 2010 (42 U.S.C. 18353(a)) is amended
    by striking ``September 30, 2024'' and inserting ``September 30, 2030''.

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1738]]

        (c) Research Capacity Allocation and Integration of Research
    Payloads.--Section 504(d) of the National Aeronautics and Space
    Administration Authorization Act of 2010 (42 U.S.C. 18354(d)) is
    amended--
                (1) in paragraph (1), in the first sentence--
                        (A) by striking ``As soon as practicable'' and all
                    that follows through ``2011,'' and inserting ``The'';
                    and
                        (B) by striking ``September 30, 2024'' and inserting
                    ``September 30, 2030''; and
                (2) in paragraph (2), in the third sentence, by striking
            ``September 30, 2024'' and inserting ``September 30, 2030''.

        (d) Maintenance of Use.--
                (1) In general.--Section 70907 of title 51, United States
            Code, is amended--
                        (A) in the section heading, by striking ``2024'' and
                    inserting ``2030'';
                        (B) in subsection (a), by striking ``September 30,
                    2024'' and inserting ``September 30, 2030''; and
                        (C) in subsection (b)(3), by striking ``September
                    30, 2024'' and inserting ``September 30, 2030''.
                (2) Conforming amendment.--The table of sections for chapter
            709 of title 51, United States Code, <<NOTE: 51 USC 70901
            prec.>>  is amended by striking the item relating to section
            70907 and inserting the following:

    ``70907. Maintaining use through at least 2030.''.

        (e) Transition Plan Reports.--Section 50111(c)(2) of title 51,
    United States Code is amended--
                (1) in the matter preceding subparagraph (A), by striking
            ``2023'' and inserting ``2028''; and
                (2) in subparagraph (J), by striking ``2028'' and inserting
            ``2030''.

        (f) <<NOTE: Certifications.>>  Assessments and Report.--The
    Administrator shall--
                (1) <<NOTE: Time period. Analyses.>>  conduct a
            comprehensive assessment of the viability of the ISS to operate
            safely and support full and productive use through 2030,
            including all necessary analyses to certify ISS operations
            through 2030;
                (2) not later than 180 days after the date of the enactment
            of this Act, submit to the Aerospace Safety Advisory Panel an
            assessment of--
                        (A) the root cause of cracks and air leaks in the
                    Russian Service Module Transfer Tunnel;
                        (B) the certification of all United States systems
                    and modules to operate through 2030;
                        (C)(i) <<NOTE: Inventory.>>  an inventory of spares
                    or replacements for elements, systems, and equipment,
                    including systems certified under subparagraph (B), that
                    are currently produced, in inventory, or on order;
                        (ii) a description of the state of the readiness of
                    such spares and replacements; and
                        (iii) <<NOTE: Schedule.>>  a schedule for delivery
                    of such spares and replacements to the ISS, including
                    the planned transportation means for such delivery and
                    the estimated cost and schedule for procurement of such
                    spares and replacements and their delivery to the ISS;
                    and
                        (D) any other relevant data, information, or
                    analysis relevant to the safe and productive use of the
                    ISS through 2030; and

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1739]]

                (3) not later than 240 days after the date of the enactment
            of this Act, submit to the appropriate committees of Congress--
                        (A) a report on the results of the assessment
                    conducted under paragraph (1); and
                        (B) <<NOTE: Plan.>>  a plan to address any
                    recommendations of the Aerospace Safety Advisory Panel,
                    consistent with section 31101(c)(2) of title 51, United
                    States Code, with respect to such assessment.
    SEC. 10816. <<NOTE: 51 USC 70901 note.>>  PRIORITIES FOR
                                INTERNATIONAL SPACE STATION.

        (a) In General. <<NOTE: Assessment.>> --The Administrator shall
    assess International Space Station research activities and shall ensure
    that crew time and resources allocated to the Administration for use on
    the International Space Station prioritize--
                (1) the research of the Human Research Program, including
            research on and development of countermeasures relevant to
            reducing human health and performance risks, behavioral and
            psychological risks, and other astronaut safety risks related to
            long-duration human spaceflight;
                (2) risk reduction activities relevant to exploration
            technologies, including for the Environmental Control and Life
            Support System, extravehicular activity and space suits,
            environmental monitoring, safety, emergency response, and deep
            space communications;
                (3) the advancement of United States leadership in basic and
            applied space life and physical science research, consistent
            with the priorities of the most recent space life and physical
            sciences decadal survey of the National Academies of Sciences,
            Engineering, and Medicine; and
                (4) other research and development activities identified by
            the Administrator as essential to Moon to Mars activities.

        (b) Reports.--
                (1) Assessment and prioritization.--Not later than 180 days
            after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Administrator
            shall submit to the appropriate committees of Congress a report
            on--
                        (A) the assessment; and
                        (B) the steps taken to achieve the prioritization
                    required by subsection (a).
                (2) Space flight participants.--Not later than 120 days
            after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Administrator
            shall submit to the appropriate committees of Congress a report
            on measures taken, with respect to space flight participants
            aboard the ISS, to ensure government astronaut safety, to avoid
            interference in ISS operations and research priorities, and to
            prevent undue demands on crew time and resources.
                (3) Annual progress reports.--Concurrent with the annual
            budget submission of the President to Congress under section
            1105(a) of title 31, United States Code, the Administrator shall
            provide to the appropriate committees of Congress an annual
            accounting of the use of Administration crew time and ISS
            resources, including the allocation of such resources toward the
            priorities described in subsection (a).

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1740]]

    SEC. 10817. TECHNICAL AMENDMENTS RELATING TO ARTEMIS MISSIONS.

        (a) Section 421 of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration
    Authorization Act of 2017 (Public Law 115-10; 51 U.S.C. 20301 note) is
    amended--
                (1) in subsection (c)(3)--
                        (A) by striking ``EM-1'' and inserting ``Artemis
                    I'';
                        (B) by striking ``EM-2'' and inserting ``Artemis
                    II''; and
                        (C) by striking ``EM-3'' and inserting ``Artemis
                    III''; and
                (2) in subsection (f)(3), by striking ``EM-3'' and inserting
            ``Artemis III''.

        (b) Section 432(b) of the National Aeronautics and Space
    Administration Authorization Act of 2017 (Public Law 115-10; 51 U.S.C.
    20302 note) is amended--
                (1) in paragraph (3)(D)--
                        (A) by striking ``EM-1'' and inserting ``Artemis
                    I''; and
                        (B) by striking ``EM-2'' and inserting ``Artemis
                    II''; and
                (2) in paragraph (4)(C), by striking ``EM-3'' and inserting
            ``Artemis III''.

                               Subtitle B--Science

    SEC. 10821. <<NOTE: 51 USC 20102 note.>>  SCIENCE PRIORITIES.

        (a) Sense of Congress on Science Portfolio.--It is the sense of
    Congress that--
                (1) a balanced and adequately funded set of activities,
            consisting of research and analysis grant programs, technology
            development, suborbital research activities, and small, medium,
            and large space missions, contributes to a robust and productive
            science program and serves as a catalyst for innovation and
            discovery; and
                (2) the Research and Analysis programs funded by the Science
            Mission Directorate are critically important for--
                        (A) preparing the next generation of space and Earth
                    scientists;
                        (B) pursuing peer-reviewed cutting-edge research;
                        (C) maximizing scientific return from the
                    Administration's space and Earth science missions; and
                        (D) developing innovative techniques and future
                    mission concepts.

        (b) <<NOTE: Deadline.>>  Goal.--The Administrator shall pursue the
    goal of establishing annual funding for Research and Analysis in the
    Science Mission Directorate that reaches a level of not less than 10
    percent of the total annual funding of relevant divisions of the Science
    Mission Directorate by fiscal year 2025.
    SEC. 10822. <<NOTE: 51 USC 20301 note.>>  SEARCH FOR LIFE.

        (a) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that--
                (1) the report entitled ``An Astrobiology Strategy for the
            Search for Life in the Universe'' published by the National
            Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine outlines key
            scientific questions and methods on the search for the origin,
            evolution, distribution, and future of life in the universe; and

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1741]]

                (2) the interaction of lifeforms with their environment, a
            central focus of astrobiology research, is a topic of broad
            significance to life sciences research in space and on Earth.

        (b) Program Continuation.--
                (1) In general.--The Administrator shall continue to
            implement a collaborative, multidisciplinary science and
            technology development program to search for evidence of the
            existence or historical existence of life beyond Earth in
            support of--
                        (A) the scientific priorities of the most recent
                    decadal surveys on planetary science and astrobiology
                    and astronomy and astrophysics of the National Academies
                    of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine; and
                        (B) the objective described in section 20102(d)(10)
                    of title 51, United States Code.
                (2) Element.--The program under paragraph (1) shall include
            activities relating to astronomy, biology, geology, and
            planetary science.
                (3) Coordination with life sciences program.--In carrying
            out the program under paragraph (1), the Administrator shall
            coordinate efforts with the life sciences program of the
            Administration.
                (4) Instrumentation and sensor technology.--In carrying out
            the program under paragraph (1), the Administrator may invest in
            the development of new instrumentation and sensor technology.
                (5) Technosignatures.--In carrying out the program under
            paragraph (1), the Administrator may support, as appropriate,
            merit-reviewed, competitively selected research on
            technosignatures.
    SEC. 10823. NEXT GENERATION OF ASTROPHYSICS GREAT OBSERVATORIES.

        (a) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that--
                (1) NASA's Great Observatories, a suite of space-based
            telescopes launched over the course of 2 decades and comprised
            of the Hubble Space Telescope, Compton Gamma-Ray Observatory,
            Chandra X-Ray Observatory, and Spitzer Space Telescope, have
            enabled major scientific advances across a broad range of
            astrophysics disciplines, including with respect to the origins
            of planets, the formation and evolution of stars and galaxies,
            fundamental physics, and the structure of the universe;
                (2) the decadal survey of the National Academies of Science,
            Engineering, and Medicine entitled ``Pathways to Discovery in
            Astronomy and Astrophysics for the 2020s'' recommends a vision
            to understand the relationships between stars and the bodies
            that orbit them by ``looking'' at the universe through a range
            of observations, including radio, optical, gamma rays,
            neutrinos, and gravitational waves, in order to understand the
            origin and evolution of galaxies;
                (3) the United States and NASA are uniquely poised--
                        (A) to lead the world in the implementation of the
                    next generation of Great Observatories, as recommended
                    in such decadal survey, including implementation of an
                    observatory to search for biosignatures of exoplanets in
                    the habitable zone;

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1742]]

                        (B) to address the most compelling scientific
                    questions of the next decade; and
                        (C) to transform not only our understanding of the
                    universe and the processes and physical paradigms that
                    govern the universe, but also the place of humanity in
                    the universe;
                (4) the Administrator should pursue an ambitious
            astrophysics program that meets the scientific vision of the
            astronomical community and the transformative capacity of
            technological innovation; and
                (5) in implementing astrophysics research, in order to avoid
            the major growth in the cost of astrophysics flagship-class
            missions that has the potential to impact the overall portfolio
            balance of the Science Mission Directorate, the Administrator
            should seek to implement lessons learned from previous
            astrophysics missions, including by--
                        (A) establishing sufficient cost and schedule
                    reserves;
                        (B) demonstrating in advance of preliminary design
                    review, as practicable and appropriate, the maturity of
                    necessary technologies through prototype demonstrations
                    in a relevant environment;
                        (C) <<NOTE: Updates.>>  providing for regular
                    updates to the cost, schedule, and risk of a project;
                    and
                        (D) considering, as feasible, the impacts of cost
                    and schedule changes across the Science Mission
                    Directorate.

        (b) Nancy Grace Roman Telescope.--
                (1) In general.--The Administrator shall continue
            development of the Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope (commonly
            known as the ``Roman telescope'' and formerly known as the
            ``Wide Field Infrared Survey Telescope'') in the configuration
            established through critical design review, to meet the
            objectives prioritized in the 2010 decadal survey of astronomy
            and astrophysics of the National Academies of Sciences,
            Engineering, and Medicine.
                (2) <<NOTE: Applicability.>>  Cost and schedule.--Section
            30104 of title 51, United States Code shall apply to the
            development of the Roman telescope under paragraph (1).
                (3) Quarterly reports.--Not less frequently than quarterly,
            the Administrator shall submit to the appropriate committees of
            Congress a report on the progress of the development of the
            Roman telescope and the budget profile and schedule relative to
            the baseline plan for such development.
    SEC. 10824. <<NOTE: 51 USC 60501 note.>>  EARTH SCIENCE MISSIONS
                                AND PROGRAMS.

        (a) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that--
                (1) the Earth science and applications program of the
            Administration provides increasingly valuable data for natural
            resource management, agriculture, forestry, food security, air
            quality monitoring, and many other application areas; and
                (2) a robust and balanced Earth science and applications
            program contributes significantly to--
                        (A) the scientific discovery and economic growth of
                    the United States; and
                        (B) supporting the health and safety of the people
                    of the United States and the citizens of the world.

        (b) Reaffirmation.--Congress reaffirms the goal for the
    Administration's Earth science and applications program set forth

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1743]]

    in section 60501 of title 51, United States Code, which states: ``The
    goal for the Administration's Earth Science program shall be to pursue a
    program of Earth observations, research, and applications activities to
    better understand the Earth, how it supports life, and how human
    activities affect its ability to do so in the future. In pursuit of this
    goal, the Administration's Earth Science program shall ensure that
    securing practical benefits for society will be an important measure of
    its success in addition to securing new knowledge about the Earth system
    and climate change. In further pursuit of this goal, the Administration
    shall, together with the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
    and other relevant agencies, provide United States leadership in
    developing and carrying out a cooperative international Earth
    observations-based research program.''.
        (c) Earth Science Missions and Programs.--With respect to the
    missions and programs of the Earth Science Division, the Administrator
    shall, to the maximum extent practicable, follow the recommendations and
    guidance provided by the scientific community through the decadal survey
    for Earth science and applications from space of the National Academies
    of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, including--
                (1) the science priorities described in such survey;
                (2) the execution of the series of existing or previously
            planned observations (commonly known as the ``program of
            record''); and
                (3) the development of a range of missions of all classes,
            including opportunities for principal investigator-led,
            competitively selected missions.

        (d) Earth System Observatory.--The Administrator shall pursue an
    Earth System Observatory, which shall consist of an array of new and
    complementary Earth-observing scientific satellites, instruments, and
    missions--
                (1) to address the recommendations of the 2018 Earth science
            and applications decadal survey of the National Academies of
            Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine entitled ``Thriving on our
            Changing Planet'', including by conducting priority observations
            in--
                        (A) aerosols;
                        (B) cloud convection and precipitation;
                        (C) mass change;
                        (D) surface biology and geology;
                        (E) surface deformation and change; and
                        (F) other observation areas designated as high-
                    priority by such decadal survey; and
                (2) to achieve the goal of the Earth Science Program set
            forth in section 60501 of title 51, United States Code.

        (e) Survey of Use of Earth Observation Data by States, Tribes, and
    Territories.--
                (1) Survey.--The Administrator shall arrange for the conduct
            of a survey of the use of NASA Earth observation data by States,
            Tribal organizations, and territories.
                (2) <<NOTE: Deadline.>>  Submission.--Not later than 18
            months after the date of the enactment of this Act, the
            Administrator shall submit to the appropriate committees of
            Congress the results of the survey conducted under paragraph
            (1).

        (f) Climate Architecture Plan.--The Administrator shall--

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1744]]

                (1) maintain a comprehensive, strategic Climate Architecture
            Plan for Earth Observations and Applications from Space that
            describes an integrated and balanced program of Earth science
            and applications observations to advance science, policy, and
            applications and societal benefits; and
                (2) <<NOTE: Update. Time period.>>  update such plan every 5
            years so as to align with the release of the decadal surveys in
            Earth science and applications from space and the mid-decade
            assessments of the National Academics of Sciences, Engineering,
            and Medicine.
    SEC. 10825. <<NOTE:  51 USC 71101 note prec.>>  PLANETARY DEFENSE
                                COORDINATION OFFICE.

        (a) Findings.--Congress makes the following findings:
                (1) Near-Earth objects remain a threat to the United States.
                (2) Section 321(d)(1) of the National Aeronautics and Space
            Administration Authorization Act of 2005 (Public Law 109-155;
            119 Stat. 2922; 51 U.S.C. 71101 note prec.), established a
            requirement that the Administrator plan, develop, and implement
            a Near-Earth Object Survey program to detect, track, catalogue,
            and characterize the physical characteristics of near-Earth
            objects equal to, or greater than, 140 meters in diameter in
            order to assess the threat of such near-Earth objects to the
            Earth, with the goal of 90 percent completion of the catalogue
            of such near-Earth objects by December 30, 2020.
                (3) The goal described in paragraph (2) has not be met.
                (4) The report of the National Academies of Sciences,
            Engineering, and Medicine entitled ``Finding Hazardous Asteroids
            Using Infrared and Visible Wavelength Telescopes'', issued in
            2019, states that--
                        (A) NASA should develop and launch a dedicated
                    space-based infrared survey telescope to meet the
                    requirements of section 321(d)(1) of the National
                    Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act
                    of 2005 (Public Law 109-155; 119 Stat. 2922; 51 U.S.C.
                    71101 note prec.); and
                        (B) the early detection of potentially hazardous
                    near-Earth objects enabled by a space-based infrared
                    survey telescope is important to enable deflection of a
                    dangerous asteroid.

        (b) Maintenance of Planetary Defense Coordination Office.--The
    Administrator shall maintain an office within the Planetary Science
    Division of the Science Mission Directorate, to be known as the
    ``Planetary Defense Coordination Office''--
                (1) to plan, develop, and implement a program to survey
            threats posed by near-Earth objects equal to or greater than 140
            meters in diameter, as required by section 321(d)(1) of the
            National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act
            of 2005 (Public Law 109-155; 119 Stat. 2922; 51 U.S.C. 71101
            note prec.);
                (2) identify, track, and characterize potentially hazardous
            near-Earth objects, issue warnings of the effects of potential
            impacts of such objects, and investigate strategies and
            technologies for mitigating the potential impacts of such
            objects; and
                (3) assist in coordinating government planning for response
            to a potential impact of a near-Earth object.

        (c) Dedicated Survey Mission.--
                (1) Sense of congress.--It is the sense of Congress that--

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1745]]

                        (A) the Near-Earth Object Surveyor mission, as
                    designed, is anticipated to make significant progress
                    toward carrying out congressional policy and direction,
                    as set forth in section 321(d)(1) of the National
                    Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act
                    of 2005 (Public Law 109-155; 119 Stat. 2922; 51 U.S.C.
                    71101 note prec.), to detect 90 percent of near-Earth
                    objects equal to, or greater than, 140 meters in
                    diameter; and
                        (B) the Administrator should prioritize the public
                    safety role of the Near-Earth Object Surveyor mission
                    and should not delay the development and launch of the
                    mission due to cost growth on other planetary science
                    missions.
                (2) Continuation of mission.--
                        (A) <<NOTE: Deadline.>>  In general.--The
                    Administrator shall continue the development of a
                    dedicated space-based infrared survey telescope mission,
                    known as the ``Near-Earth Object Surveyor'', on a
                    schedule to achieve a launch-readiness date not later
                    than March 30, 2026, or the earliest practicable date,
                    for the purpose of accomplishing the objectives set
                    forth in section 321(d)(1) of the National Aeronautics
                    and Space Administration Authorization Act of 2005
                    (Public Law 109-155; 119 Stat. 2922; 51 U.S.C. 71101
                    note prec.).
                        (B) Consideration of recommendations.--The design of
                    the mission described in subparagraph (A) shall take
                    into account the recommendations of the 2019 report of
                    the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and
                    Medicine entitled ``Finding Hazardous Asteroids Using
                    Infrared and Visible Wavelength Telescopes'', the
                    planetary science decadal survey, and the 2018 United
                    States National Near-Earth Object Preparedness Strategy
                    and Action Plan.

        (d) Annual Report.--Section 321(f) of the National Aeronautics and
    Space Administration Authorization Act of 2005 (Public Law 109-155; 119
    Stat. 2922; 51 U.S.C. 71101 note prec.) is amended to read as follows:
        ``(f) Annual Report.--Not later than 180 days after the date of the
    enactment of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration
    Authorization Act of 2022 and annually thereafter through 90-percent
    completion of the catalogue required by subsection (d)(1), the
    Administrator shall submit to the Committee on Commerce, Science, and
    Transportation of the Senate and the Committee on Science, Space, and
    Technology of the House of Representatives a report that includes the
    following:
                ``(1) <<NOTE: Summary. Time period.>>  A summary of all
            activities carried out by the Planetary Defense Coordination
            Office established under section 10825 of the National
            Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act of 2022
            since the date of enactment of that Act.
                ``(2) A description of the progress with respect to the
            design, development, and launch of the space-based infrared
            survey telescope required by section 10825(c) of the National
            Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act of 2022.
                ``(3) <<NOTE: Assessment.>>  An assessment of the progress
            toward meeting the requirements under subsection (d)(1).
                ``(4) A description of the status of efforts to coordinate
            and cooperate with other countries to detect hazardous

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1746]]

            asteroids and comets, plan a mitigation strategy, and implement
            that strategy in the event of the discovery of an object on a
            likely collision course with Earth.
                ``(5) <<NOTE: Summary. Time period.>>  A summary of
            expenditures for all activities carried out by the Planetary
            Defense Coordination Office since the date of enactment of the
            National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act
            of 2022''.

        (e) Near-earth Object Defined.--In this section, the term ``near-
    Earth object'' has the meaning given the term in section 321(c) of the
    National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act of 2005
    (Public Law 109-155; 119 Stat. 2922; 51 U.S.C. 71101 note prec.).

                             Subtitle C--Aeronautics

    SEC. 10831. <<NOTE: 51 USC 40102 note.>>  EXPERIMENTAL AIRCRAFT
                                PROJECTS.

        (a) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that--
                (1) developing high-risk, precompetitive aerospace
            technologies for which there is not yet a profit rationale is a
            fundamental role of the Administration;
                (2) large-scale flight test experimentation and validation
            are necessary for--
                        (A) transitioning new technologies and materials,
                    including associated manufacturing processes, for
                    aviation and aeronautics use; and
                        (B) capturing the full extent of benefits from
                    investments made by the Aeronautics Research Mission
                    Directorate; and
                (3) a level of funding that adequately supports large-scale
            flight test experimentation and validation, including related
            infrastructure, should be ensured over a sustained period of
            time to restore the capacity of the Administration--
                        (A) to see legacy priority programs through to
                    completion; and
                        (B) to achieve national economic and security
                    objectives.

        (b) Statement of Policy.--It is the policy of the United States--
                (1) to maintain world leadership in--
                        (A) civilian aeronautical science and technology;
                    and
                        (B) aerospace industrialization; and
                (2) to maintain as a fundamental objective of the
            aeronautics research of the Administration the steady
            progression and expansion of flight research and capabilities,
            including the science and technology of critical underlying
            disciplines and competencies, such as--
                        (A) computational-based analytical and predictive
                    tools and methodologies;
                        (B) aerothermodynamics;
                        (C) propulsion;
                        (D) advanced materials and manufacturing processes;
                        (E) high-temperature structures and materials; and
                        (F) guidance, navigation, and flight controls.

        (c) Experimental Aircraft Flight Demonstrations.--

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1747]]

                (1) In general.--In meeting the objectives described in
            subsection (b), the Administrator shall carry out experimental
            aircraft demonstrations, including--
                        (A) a subsonic demonstrator to demonstrate the
                    performance and feasibility of advanced, ultra-
                    efficient, and low emissions subsonic flight
                    demonstrator configurations;
                        (B) a low boom flight demonstrator to validate
                    design tools and technologies that can be applied to low
                    sonic boom commercial supersonic aircraft and support
                    the development of a noise-based standard for supersonic
                    overland flight; and
                        (C) a flight research demonstrator to test the
                    performance and feasibility of advanced, ultra-efficient
                    and net-zero emissions aircraft concepts and
                    configurations.
                (2) Elements.--For each demonstration under paragraph (1),
            the Administrator shall--
                        (A) include the development of experimental aircraft
                    and all necessary supporting flight test assets;
                        (B) pursue a robust technology maturation and flight
                    test validation effort;
                        (C) improve necessary facilities, flight testing
                    capabilities, and computational tools to support the
                    demonstration;
                        (D) award any primary contracts for design,
                    procurement, and manufacturing to United States persons,
                    consistent with international obligations and
                    commitments; and
                        (E) <<NOTE: Coordination.>>  coordinate research and
                    flight test demonstration activities with other Federal
                    agencies and the United States aviation community, as
                    the Administrator considers appropriate.
                (3) United states person defined.--In this subsection, the
            term ``United States person'' means--
                        (A) a United States citizen or an alien lawfully
                    admitted for permanent residence to the United States;
                    or
                        (B) an entity organized under the laws of the United
                    States or of any jurisdiction within the United States,
                    including a foreign branch of such an entity.

        (d) Collaboration With Industry and Academia.--The Administration
    shall seek means to expand collaboration with industry and academia on
    basic research and technology development related to experimental
    aircraft, and on the experimental aircraft demonstrations required by
    subsection (c).
        (e) Advanced Materials and Manufacturing Technology Program.--
                (1) In general.--The Administrator may establish an advanced
            materials and manufacturing technology program--
                        (A) to develop--
                              (i) new materials, including composite and
                          high-temperature materials, from base material
                          formulation through full-scale structural
                          validation and manufacture;
                              (ii) advanced materials and manufacturing
                          processes, including additive manufacturing, to
                          reduce the cost of manufacturing scale-up and
                          certification for use in aeronautics; and

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1748]]

                              (iii) noninvasive or nondestructive techniques
                          for testing or evaluating aviation and aeronautics
                          structures, including for materials and
                          manufacturing processes;
                        (B) to reduce the time it takes to design,
                    industrialize, and certify advanced materials and
                    manufacturing processes;
                        (C) to provide education and training opportunities
                    for the aerospace workforce; and
                        (D) to address global cost and human capital
                    competitiveness for United States aeronautical
                    industries and technological leadership in advanced
                    materials and manufacturing technology.
                (2) Elements.--In carrying out a program under paragraph
            (1), the Administrator may--
                        (A) build on work that was carried out by the
                    Advanced Composites Project of the Administration;
                        (B) partner with the private and academic sectors,
                    such as members of the Advanced Composites Consortium of
                    the Administration, the Joint Advanced Materials and
                    Structures Center of Excellence of the Federal Aviation
                    Administration, the Manufacturing USA institutes of the
                    Department of Commerce, and national laboratories, as
                    the Administrator considers appropriate;
                        (C) provide a structure for managing intellectual
                    property generated by the program based on or consistent
                    with the structure established for the Advanced
                    Composites Consortium of the Administration;
                        (D) ensure adequate Federal cost share for
                    applicable research; and
                        (E) <<NOTE: Coordination.>>  coordinate with
                    advanced manufacturing and composites initiatives in
                    other mission directorates of the Administration, as the
                    Administrator considers appropriate.

        (f) Research Partnerships.--In carrying out the demonstrations under
    subsection (c) and a program under subsection (e), the Administrator may
    engage in cooperative research programs with--
                (1) academia; and
                (2) commercial aviation and aerospace manufacturers.
    SEC. 10832. <<NOTE: 51 USC 40113 note.>>  UNMANNED AIRCRAFT
                                SYSTEMS.

        (a) Unmanned Aircraft Systems Operation Program.--The Administrator
    shall--
                (1) research and test capabilities and concepts, including
            unmanned aircraft systems communications, for integrating
            unmanned aircraft systems into the national airspace system;
                (2) leverage the partnership NASA has with industry focused
            on the advancement of technologies for future air traffic
            management systems for unmanned aircraft systems; and
                (3) continue to leverage the research and testing portfolio
            of NASA to inform the integration of unmanned aircraft systems
            into the national airspace system, consistent with public safety
            and national security objectives.

        (b) Sense of Congress on Coordination With Federal Aviation
    Administration.--It is the sense of Congress that--
                (1) NASA should continue--

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1749]]

                        (A) to coordinate with the Federal Aviation
                    Administration on research on air traffic management
                    systems for unmanned aircraft systems; and
                        (B) to assist the Federal Aviation Administration in
                    the integration of air traffic management systems for
                    unmanned aircraft systems into the national airspace
                    system; and
                (2) the test ranges (as defined in section 44801 of title
            49, United States Code) should continue to be leveraged for
            research on--
                        (A) air traffic management systems for unmanned
                    aircraft systems; and
                        (B) the integration of such systems into the
                    national airspace system.
    SEC. 10833. CLEANER, QUIETER AIRPLANES.

        (a) Initiative Required.--Section 40112 of title 51, United States
    Code, is amended--
                (1) by redesignating subsections (b) through (f) as
            subsections (c) through (g), respectively; and
                (2) by inserting after subsection (a) the following:

        ``(b) Research and Development Initiative on Reduction of Greenhouse
    Gas and Noise Emissions From Aircraft.--
                ``(1) In general.--The Administrator shall establish an
            initiative to research, develop, and demonstrate new
            technologies and concepts--
                        ``(A) to reduce greenhouse gas emissions from
                    aviation, including carbon dioxide, nitrogen oxides,
                    other greenhouse gases, water vapor, black carbon and
                    sulfate aerosols, and increased cloudiness due to
                    contrail formation;
                        ``(B) to reduce aviation noise emissions; and
                        ``(C) to enable associated aircraft performance
                    characteristics.
                ``(2) Goals.--The goals of the initiative required by
            paragraph (1) shall be--
                        ``(A) to ensure United States leadership in research
                    and technology innovation leading to substantial
                    reductions in aviation noise and greenhouse gas
                    emissions;
                        ``(B) to enhance and expand basic research, and the
                    translation of basic research into applications, that
                    may lead to transformational advances in reducing
                    aviation noise and greenhouse gas emissions;
                        ``(C) to accelerate research and development that
                    contributes to maturing new technologies for reducing
                    aircraft noise and greenhouse gas emissions; and
                        ``(D) <<NOTE: Data.>>  to obtain and disseminate
                    associated testing and performance data that facilitates
                    the incorporation of new technologies into commercial
                    aircraft development as soon as practicable.
                ``(3) Objectives.--The objectives of the initiative
            established under paragraph (1) and the goals described in
            paragraph (2) shall include--
                        ``(A) as soon as practicable, a reduction of
                    greenhouse gas emissions from new aircraft by at least
                    50 percent, as compared to the highest-performing
                    aircraft technologies in service as of December 31,
                    2021;

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1750]]

                        ``(B) noise levels from aircraft throughout all
                    phases of flight that do not exceed ambient noise levels
                    in the absence of flight operations in the vicinity of
                    the flight route;
                        ``(C) <<NOTE: Deadline.>>  net-zero greenhouse gas
                    emissions from aircraft by 2050; and
                        ``(D) <<NOTE: Deadlines.>>  demonstration of new
                    technologies developed pursuant to such initiative on--
                              ``(i) regional aircraft intended to enter into
                          service by 2030; and
                              ``(ii) single-aisle aircraft designed to
                          accommodate more than 125 passengers intended to
                          enter into service by 2040.''.

        (b) <<NOTE: 51 USC 40112 note.>>  Technology Focus Areas.--In
    carrying out the research and development initiative established under
    section 40112(b) of title 51, United States Code, the Administrator
    shall advance research, development, and demonstration projects on
    promising technologies such as--
                (1) advanced subsonic propulsion technology, design, and
            integration;
                (2) electric and hybrid-electric propulsion, including
            battery electric and hydrogen fuel cell electric systems;
                (3) airframe concepts and configurations;
                (4) analysis of technology options, including cost-benefit
            analysis of greenhouse gas and noise emissions reduction
            technologies;
                (5) analytical tools for system-level and system-of-systems-
            level modeling and integration;
                (6) airspace operations improvements;
                (7) noise emissions reduction; and
                (8) any other effort, as determined by the Administration,
            that contributes to a sustainable future for aviation.

        (c) Implementation.--In implementing the initiative established
    under section 40112(b) of title 51, United States Code, the
    Administrator shall, to the extent practicable--
                (1) <<NOTE: Data.>>  ensure that testing and performance
            data integrates the results of community acceptance surveys
            conducted by the Federal Aviation Administration and other
            relevant studies, including studies on the impacts of new noise
            effects from novel propulsion systems and from airspace
            operations changes;
                (2) <<NOTE: Data.>>  provide testing and performance data on
            the technologies described in subsection (b) of this section to
            the Administrator of the Federal Aviation Administration to
            facilitate the work of the Federal Aviation Administration in
            identifying new requirements for policy, infrastructure, and
            administrative capacity necessary to enable the safe integration
            of such technologies on aircraft;
                (3) pursue partnerships with organizations, current
            commercial production aircraft providers, academic institutions,
            small businesses, and new entrants, including partnerships to
            advance research and development activities related to both
            regional aircraft and aircraft designed to accommodate more than
            125 passengers;
                (4) include universities, academic institutions, and other
            research organizations in the partnerships described in
            paragraph (3);
                (5) expand basic research;

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1751]]

                (6) ensure equity in research sponsorship of, and
            partnership opportunities with, underrepresented students,
            faculty, and minority-serving-institutions;
                (7) <<NOTE: Coordination.>>  continue to coordinate with the
            Secretary of Energy on battery technology research;
                (8) make available the research and development carried out
            under the initiative established under subsection (b) of section
            40112 of title 51, United States Code, to help enable an
            industry-wide shift toward aircraft concepts that reduce
            greenhouse gas emissions and aircraft noise to achieve the goals
            and objectives under paragraphs (2) and (3) of that subsection;
            and
                (9) <<NOTE: Deadline.>>  continue to support research,
            development, and demonstration of aircraft concepts, including
            systems architecture, materials and components, integration of
            systems and airframe structures, human factors, airspace
            planning and operations, and the integration of related advanced
            technologies and concepts, with the goal of carrying out test
            flights with integrated subsystems by 2025.

        (d) Annual Report.--Not later than 1 year after the date of the
    enactment of this Act, and annually thereafter, the Administrator shall
    submit to the appropriate committees of Congress a report on the
    progress of the efforts carried out under the initiative established
    under subsection (b) of section 40112 of title 51, United States Code,
    including--
                (1) the status of progress on such initiative;
                (2) <<NOTE: Update. Timeframe.>>  an updated, anticipated
            timeframe for readiness of technologies and aircraft to be
            adopted by industry with the emissions reduction levels directed
            under that subsection; and
                (3) an identification of fundamental aeronautics research
            activities contributing to achieving the goals and objectives of
            such initiative, as described in paragraphs (2) and (3) of that
            subsection, and a description of any obstacles to achieving such
            goals and objectives.

                          Subtitle D--Space Technology

    SEC. 10841. <<NOTE: 51 USC 20301 note.>>  SPACE NUCLEAR
                                CAPABILITIES.

        (a) Nuclear Propulsion.--
                (1) Use in robotic and human exploration activities.--The
            Administrator, in collaboration with other relevant Federal
            agencies and with industry, shall take all necessary steps to
            carry out research and development, ground-based testing and in-
            space testing, and other associated activities to enable the use
            of space nuclear propulsion in Administration robotic and human
            exploration activities, including in cargo missions to Mars in
            the late 2020's and crewed missions to Mars in the 2030's.
                (2) Space nuclear propulsion program.--
                        (A) In general.--The Administrator shall establish a
                    space nuclear propulsion program to carry out the
                    activities described in paragraph (1).
                        (B) Elements.--The program established under
                    subparagraph (A) shall include the following:

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1752]]

                              (i) <<NOTE: Deadline.>>  Research and
                          development in both nuclear electric and nuclear
                          thermal propulsion technology maturation efforts,
                          to the extent practicable, and the development of
                          consistent figures of merit across both nuclear
                          electric and nuclear thermal systems, as
                          recommended by the National Academies of Sciences,
                          Engineering, and Medicine in the report entitled
                          ``Space Nuclear Propulsion for Human Mars
                          Exploration'', so as to inform a down-selection of
                          a nuclear electric or nuclear thermal propulsion
                          system by 2026, or as early as practicable.
                              (ii) Ground-based testing, to the extent
                          practicable, including not less than 1 ground-
                          based test of a full-scale, integrated nuclear
                          propulsion system before any in-space test or
                          demonstration of such system.
                              (iii) In-space demonstration of a nuclear
                          propulsion system in the late 2020's, which may be
                          carried out as a cargo mission to Mars.
                (3) <<NOTE: Mars.>>  Plan.--
                        (A) <<NOTE: Deadline.>>  In general.--Not later than
                    180 days after the date of the enactment of this Act,
                    the Administrator shall submit to the appropriate
                    committees of Congress a plan to achieve an in-space
                    flight test of a nuclear propulsion system that could
                    support the first crewed mission to Mars in the 2030's.
                        (B) Elements.--The plan required by subparagraph (A)
                    shall include the following:
                              (i) <<NOTE: Timeline.>>  A timeline to mature
                          enabling technologies and an outline of major
                          milestones for integration of such technologies
                          into the larger nuclear propulsion system.
                              (ii) <<NOTE: Cost estimate.>>  A cost estimate
                          for maturing such technologies.
                              (iii) A description of facility requirements
                          for the program under paragraph (2) associated
                          with such technologies.
                              (iv) <<NOTE: Determination.>>  A description
                          of the manner in which the Administrator will use
                          the efforts described in paragraph (2)(B) to
                          determine whether the in-space flight test should
                          demonstrate a nuclear electric propulsion system
                          or a nuclear thermal propulsion system.
                        (C) An identification of any policy or regulatory
                    challenges or barriers to conducting such in-space test
                    or any precursor ground-based testing, and a description
                    of options for addressing such challenges or barriers.

        (b) Nuclear Surface Power Program.--
                (1) Establishment.--The Administrator shall establish a
            program for research, testing, and development of a space
            nuclear surface power reactor design.
                (2) Plan.--
                        (A) In general.--The Administrator shall--
                              (i) <<NOTE: Timeline.>>  develop a plan and
                          timeline for the program established under
                          paragraph (1), taking into consideration mission
                          needs; and
                              (ii) include in such plan opportunities for
                          participation by United States commercial
                          entities.
                        (B) <<NOTE: Deadline.>>  Submission.--Not later than
                    1 year after the date of the enactment of this Act, the
                    Administrator shall submit

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1753]]

                    to the appropriate committees of Congress the plan
                    developed under subparagraph (A).

        (c) Assessment of In-space Propulsion Testing Facilities.--
                (1) In general.--The Administrator shall carry out a needs
            assessment for facilities and technical capabilities required to
            support ground-based testing of a full-scale, full-power
            integrated nuclear propulsion system.
                (2) Element.--The assessment required by paragraph (1) shall
            consider the potential development of facilities that will
            support long-term research and development of space nuclear
            propulsion systems.
                (3) Report.--Not later than 270 days after the date of the
            enactment of this Act, the Administrator shall submit to the
            appropriate committees of Congress a report on the results of
            the assessment carried out under paragraph (1).
    SEC. 10842. <<NOTE: 51 USC 20301 note.>>  PRIORITIZATION OF LOW-
                                ENRICHED URANIUM TECHNOLOGY.

        (a) In General.--The Administrator shall prioritize the use of low-
    enriched uranium, including high-assay low-enriched uranium, for space
    nuclear research and development, including ground and in-space testing
    and other related demonstration activities carried out under this title.
        (b) <<NOTE: Coordination.>>  Interagency Collaboration.--The
    Administrator shall, to the extent practicable, collaborate and
    coordinate with the Secretary of Defense, the Secretary of Energy, and
    the heads of other relevant Federal agencies on technology development,
    knowledge exchange, lessons learned regarding nuclear power and
    propulsion technologies, common fuels, flight demonstrations, and
    operational systems production for space applications.

        (c) Report on Nuclear Technology Prioritization.--Not later than 120
    days after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Administrator
    shall submit to the appropriate committees of Congress a report that
    details the actions taken and planned, including a timeline for such
    actions, to implement subsection (a).

                           Subtitle E--STEM Engagement

    SEC. 10851. OFFICE OF STEM ENGAGEMENT.

        (a) <<NOTE: 51 USC 20113 note.>>  Sense of Congress.--It is the
    sense of Congress that NASA's inspiring mission, specialized facilities,
    skilled engineering and scientific workforce, and research activities
    present unique opportunities for inspiring public engagement in STEM and
    increasing the number of students pursuing STEM degrees and careers.

        (b) Establishment.--The Administrator shall establish an Office of
    STEM Engagement (referred to in this section as the ``Office'') for the
    purpose of advancing progress toward the STEM education goals of the
    United States by enhancing STEM literacy, increasing diversity, equity,
    and inclusion in STEM, and preparing the STEM workforce for the future.
        (c) Responsibilities.--The Office established shall be responsible
    for coordinating efforts and activities among organizations across the
    Administration, including NASA headquarters, mission directorates, and
    NASA centers, designed--

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1754]]

                (1) to create unique opportunities for students and the
            public to learn from and contribute to the work of NASA in
            exploration and discovery;
                (2) to contribute to the growth of a diverse STEM workforce;
            and
                (3) to strengthen public understanding of science by
            enabling connections to the mission and work of NASA.

        (d) <<NOTE: Coordination.>>  Portfolio.--The Office shall coordinate
    and administer--
                (1) the National Space Grant College and Fellowship Program
            under chapter 403 of title 51 United States Code;
                (2) the Established Program to Stimulate Competitive
            Research under section 40903 of title 51 United States Code;
                (3) the Minority University Research and Education Project;
                (4) the NextGen STEM Project; and
                (5) any other program or activity the Administrator
            considers appropriate.

        (e) Technical Amendments.--Section 40903 of title 51, United States
    Code, is amended--
                (1) in the section heading, by striking ``Experimental'' and
            inserting ``Established''; and
                (2) in subsection (a), by striking ``Experimental'' and
            inserting ``Established''.

                            Subtitle F--Miscellaneous

    SEC. 10861. <<NOTE: 51 USC 20113 note.>>  PROGRAM, WORKFORCE, AND
                                INDUSTRIAL BASE REVIEWS.

        (a) Report on Industrial Base for Civil Space Missions and
    Operations.--
                (1) In general.--Not later than 1 year after the date of the
            enactment of this Act, and from time to time thereafter, the
            Administrator shall submit to the appropriate committees of
            Congress a report on the United States industrial base for NASA
            civil space missions and operations.
                (2) <<NOTE: Assessments.>>  Elements.--The report required
            by paragraph (1) shall include the following:
                        (A) A comprehensive description of the current
                    status of the United States industrial base for NASA
                    civil space missions and operations.
                        (B) A description and assessment of the weaknesses
                    in the supply chain, skills, manufacturing capacity, raw
                    materials, key components, and other areas of the United
                    States industrial base for NASA civil space missions and
                    operations that could adversely impact such missions and
                    operations if unavailable.
                        (C) A description and assessment of various
                    mechanisms to address and mitigate the weaknesses
                    described pursuant to subparagraph (B).
                        (D) <<NOTE: List.>>  A comprehensive list of the
                    collaborative efforts, including future and proposed
                    collaborative efforts, between NASA and the
                    Manufacturing USA institutes of the Department of
                    Commerce.
                        (E) An assessment of--
                              (i) the defense and aerospace manufacturing
                          supply chains relevant to NASA in each region of
                          the United States; and

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1755]]

                              (ii) the feasibility and benefits of
                          establishing a supply chain center of excellence
                          in a State in which NASA does not, as of the date
                          of the enactment of this Act, have a research
                          center or test facility.
                        (F) Such other matters relating to the United States
                    industrial base for NASA civil space missions and
                    operations as the Administrator considers appropriate.

        (b) Workforce and Modeling and Test Facilities.--
                (1) Review.--
                        (A) In general.--The Administrator shall enter into
                    an arrangement with the National Academies of Sciences,
                    Engineering, and Medicine to carry out a comprehensive
                    review of the workforce, skills-base, and modeling and
                    test facilities of the Administration.
                        (B) Elements.--The review conducted under
                    subparagraph (A) shall include the following:
                              (i) A consideration of the use of emerging
                          technologies in relevant engineering and science
                          disciplines and the skills needed to apply such
                          capabilities to Administration missions across all
                          mission directorates.
                              (ii) <<NOTE: Recommenda- tions.>>  Prioritized
                          recommendations on actions needed to align the
                          Administration's workforce with research
                          objectives and strategic goals and on the
                          improvements and additions to modeling
                          capabilities and test facilities needed to meet
                          the Administration's strategic goals and
                          objectives.
                        (C) Report.--Not later than 18 months after the date
                    of the enactment of this Act, the Administrator shall
                    submit to the appropriate committees of Congress report
                    on the results of the review conducted under
                    subparagraph (A).
                (2) <<NOTE: Deadline.>>  Implementation plan.--Not later
            than 120 days after the date on which the review under paragraph
            (1) is completed, the Administrator shall submit to the
            appropriate committees of Congress a plan for implementing the
            recommendations contained the review.
                (3) <<NOTE: Time periods.>>  Report on nasa infrastructure,
            workforce skills and capabilities.--
                        (A) Policy and procedure.--
                              (i) <<NOTE: Assessment.>>  In general.--The
                          Administrator shall develop an Administration
                          policy and procedure for assessment, not less
                          frequently than every 5 years, of the strategic
                          capabilities of the Administration, including
                          infrastructure and facilities, and workforce
                          skills and capabilities.
                              (ii) <<NOTE: Data. Recommenda- tions.>>
                          Elements.--The policy and procedure developed
                          under clause (i) shall include acquiring data and
                          support for Administration decisions and
                          recommendations on strategic capabilities,
                          including on infrastructure and facilities, and
                          workforce skills and capabilities needed to
                          support the goals and objectives of the
                          Administration through 2040.
                        (B) Report.--Not later than 1 year after the date of
                    the enactment of this Act, the Administrator shall
                    submit the policy and procedure developed under
                    subparagraph (A) to the appropriate committees of
                    Congress.

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1756]]

                (4) Independent program analysis and evaluation office.--
                        (A) <<NOTE: Assessment. Recommenda- tions. Cost
                    estimates.>>  Establishment.--The Administrator shall
                    establish within NASA an Independent Program Analysis
                    and Evaluation Office (referred to in this paragraph as
                    the ``Office'') for purposes of independently assessing
                    program performance, making programmatic, technical risk
                    mitigation and institutional recommendations, performing
                    cost estimates and analyses, and conducting strategic
                    planning activities, among other functions.
                        (B) Independence.--The Office shall remain
                    independent of any program, and shall have no
                    programmatic responsibilities, so as to maintain its
                    independent assessment integrity.
                        (C) Activities authorized.--In conducting the
                    functions of the Office, the Administrator may carry
                    out--
                              (i) research on program assessment;
                              (ii) cost, schedule, and technical estimation;
                          and
                              (iii) other relevant activities for the
                          purposes of obtaining the highest level of
                          expertise and the most effective decision-making
                          tools with which to inform the Administrator.
                        (D) Moon to mars activities.--The Office shall
                    maintain an ongoing, focused effort to assess the goals,
                    objectives, requirements, architectural approach, cost
                    and schedule, and progress of the Administration's Moon
                    to Mars activities.
                (5) <<NOTE: Deadline. Cost estimate. Time period.>>
            International space station.--Not later than 1 year after the
            date of the enactment of this Act, the Administrator shall
            submit to the appropriate committees of Congress the results of
            an independent estimate by the Office of the cost of continuing
            International Space Station operations through September 30,
            2030, including--
                        (A) crew and cargo transportation, research to be
                    undertaken reflecting the priorities described in
                    section 10816, and maintenance costs; and
                        (B) opportunities for operational efficiencies that
                    could result in cost savings and increased research
                    productivity and the amount of those potential savings
                    and productivity increases.
    SEC. 10862. MODIFICATION OF LEASE OF NON-EXCESS PROPERTY.

        (a) In General.--Section 20145 of title 51, United States Code, is
    amended in subsection (g), in the first sentence, by striking ``December
    31, 2022'' and inserting ``December 31, 2032''.
        (b) Reporting Requirements.--Subsection (f) of such section is
    amended by adding at the end the following:
                ``(3) Annual and cumulative number of leases.--The annual
            and cumulative number of leases entered into under this section,
            by National Aeronautics and Space Administration center and
            facility.
                ``(4) Estimated cost savings.--For each active lease
            agreement under this section, the estimated cost savings to the
            Administration resulting from reduced maintenance, operating,
            and associated costs in the previous fiscal year.
                ``(5) Other quantifiable benefits.--Other quantifiable
            benefits, including additional cost savings not included under

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1757]]

            paragraph (4), to the Administration resulting from the use of
            leases under this section.''.

        (c) Report on Requirements.--Such section is further amended--
                (1) by redesignating subsection (g) as subsection (h); and
                (2) by adding after subsection (f) the following:

        ``(g) Report on Enhanced-use Leasing Requirements.--Not later than
    270 days after the date of the enactment of the National Aeronautics and
    Space Administration Authorization Act of 2022, the Administrator shall
    prepare and submit to the Committee on Commerce, Science, and
    Transportation of the Senate and the Committee on Science, Space, and
    Technology of the House of Representatives a report on existing
    requirements for applicants seeking a lease under this section,
    including--
                ``(1) any requirement related to the involvement of foreign
            entities, foreign entity ownership, and foreign entity
            investment; and
                ``(2) at the discretion of the Administrator, any other
            requirement related to the protection and security of
            Administration missions and facilities.''.

           DIVISION C-- <<NOTE: Supreme Court Security Funding Act of
     2022.>> SUPPLEMENTAL APPROPRIATIONS TO ADDRESS THREATS TO THE SUPREME
    COURT OF THE UNITED STATES

         The following sums are appropriated, out of any money in the
    Treasury not otherwise appropriated, for the fiscal year ending
    September 30, 2022, and for other purposes, namely:

                                     TITLE I

                              DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE

                         United States Marshals Service

                              salaries and expenses

        For an additional amount for ``Salaries and Expenses'', $10,300,000,
    to remain available until September 30, 2023, for expenses necessary to
    address threats to the Supreme Court of the United States.

                                    TITLE II

                                  THE JUDICIARY

                       Supreme Court of the United States

                              salaries and expenses

        For an additional amount for ``Salaries and Expenses'', $9,100,000,
    to remain available until September 30, 2023, for expenses necessary to
    address threats to the Supreme Court of the United States.

    [[Page 136 STAT. 1758]]

                                    TITLE III

                          GENERAL PROVISIONS--THIS ACT

        Sec. 301.  Each amount appropriated or made available by this Act is
    in addition to amounts otherwise appropriated for the fiscal year
    involved.
        Sec. 302.  No part of any appropriation contained in this Act shall
    remain available for obligation beyond the current fiscal year unless
    expressly so provided herein.
        Sec. 303.  Unless otherwise provided for by this Act, the additional
    amounts appropriated by this Act to appropriations accounts shall be
    available under the authorities and conditions applicable to such
    appropriations accounts for fiscal year 2022.
        Sec. 304.  Each amount provided by this Act is designated by
    Congress as being for an emergency requirement pursuant to section
    4001(a)(1) and section 4001(b) of S. Con. Res. 14 (117th Congress), the
    concurrent resolution on the budget for fiscal year 2022.
         This division may be cited as the ``Supreme Court Security Funding
    Act of 2022''.

        Approved August 9, 2022.

    LEGISLATIVE HISTORY--H.R. 4346:
    ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    HOUSE REPORTS: No. 117-80 (Comm. on Appropriations).
    CONGRESSIONAL RECORD:
                                                            Vol. 167 (2021):
                                        July 28, considered and passed
                                            House.
                                                            Vol. 168 (2022):
                                        June 22, considered and passed
                                            Senate, amended.
                                        June 24, House concurred in Senate
                                            amendment with an
                                          amendment pursuant to H. Res.
                                            1204.
                                        July 19-21, 26, 27, Senate
                                            considered and concurred in
                                            House
                                          amendment with an amendment.
                                        July 28, House concurred in Senate
                                            amendment.
    DAILY COMPILATION OF PRESIDENTIAL DOCUMENTS (2022):
                Aug. 9, Presidential remarks.

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