    [Constitution, Jefferson's Manual, and the Rules of the House of Representatives, 119th Congress]
    [119th Congress]
    [House Document 118-187]
    [Rules of the House of Representatives]
    [Pages 463-577]
    [From the U.S. Government Publishing Office, www.gpo.gov]

                                     Rule X

    Committees and their legislative jurisdictions
                           organization of committees

    714. Number and jurisdiction of standing
    committees.

      1.  There shall be in the House the following standing
    committees, each of which shall have the jurisdiction and related
    functions assigned by this clause and clauses 2, 3, and 4. All bills,
    resolutions, and other matters relating to subjects within the
    jurisdiction of the standing committees listed in this clause shall be
    referred to those committees, in accordance with clause 2 of rule XII,
    as follows:

      Under the Legislative Reorganization Act of 1946 (60 Stat. 812), the
    44 committees of the 79th Congress were consolidated into 19, effective
    January 2, 1947. The number of standing committees grew over time with
    the creation of the Committee on Science and Astronautics (now Science,
    Space, and Technology), established on July 21, 1958 (p. 14513); the
    Committee on Standards of Official Conduct (now Ethics), established on
    April 13, 1967 (p. 9425); the Committee on the Budget, established on
    July 12, 1974, by the Congressional Budget Act of 1974 (88 Stat. 297);
    and the Committee on Small Business, established as a standing committee
    effective January 3, 1975 (H. Res. 988, 93d Cong., Oct. 8, 1974, p.
    34470). The Committee on Internal Security was abolished in the 94th
    Congress (H. Res. 5, Jan. 14, 1975, p. 20).

    [[Page 464]]

    Oversight); and matters formerly in the jurisdiction of the Committee on
    Merchant Marine and Fisheries were transferred to the Committees on
    Natural Resources, Transportation and Infrastructure (formerly Public
    Works and Transportation), Armed Services (National Security during the
    104th and 105th Congresses), and Science, Space, and Technology (Science
    during the 104th through 109th Congresses) (sec. 202(a), H. Res. 6, Jan.
    4, 1995, p. 464). The 109th Congress established the Committee on
    Homeland Security (sec. 2(a), H. Res. 5, Jan. 4, 2005, p. 42).
      The 104th Congress reduced the number to 19 by abolishing the
    Committees on the District of Columbia, Merchant Marine and Fisheries,
    and Post Office and Civil Service (sec. 202(a), H. Res. 6, Jan. 4, 1995,
    p. 464). Matters formerly in the jurisdiction of the Committees on the
    District of Columbia and Post Office and Civil Service were transferred
    to the Committee on Oversight and Government Reform (formerly Government
    Reform and

      A Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence was established in the
    95th Congress (H. Res. 658, July 14, 1977, pp. 22932-49). Before the
    House recodified its rules in the 106th Congress, that committee was
    found in former rule XLVIII (current clause 11 of rule X) (H. Res. 5,
    Jan. 6, 1999, p. 47). A Permanent Select Committee on Aging was added to
    clause 6 of this rule effective January 3, 1975 (H. Res. 988, 93d Cong.,
    Oct. 8, 1974, p. 34470) and stricken in the 103d Congress (H. Res. 5,
    Jan. 5, 1993, p. 49).

      Although earlier forms of the rule specified the number of Members
    comprising each of the standing committees, those specifications were
    eliminated in the 93d Congress, leaving to the House the authority to
    establish the sizes of committees by the numbers elected pursuant to
    clause 5 of rule X. The rules still specify part of the composition of
    the Committee on the Budget (clause 5(a)(2) of rule X), and the size and
    ratio of the Committee on Ethics (clause 5(a)(3)(A) of rule X), as well
    as the size and preferred composition of the Permanent Select Committee
    on Intelligence (clause 11(a) of rule X).

      The Speaker refers public bills in accordance with clause 1 of rule X,
    but when the House itself refers a bill it may send it to any committee
    without regard to the rules of jurisdiction (IV, 4375; V, 5527; VII,
    2131) and jurisdiction is thereby conferred (IV, 4362-4364; VII, 2105).
    Motions for change of reference of public bills and resolutions must be
    authorized by the committee claiming jurisdiction (clause 7 of rule XII;
    VII, 2121; Feb. 13, 1918, p. 2070; Jan. 10, 1941, p. 100), must be made
    immediately following the reading of the Journal (VII, 1809, 2119,
    2120), must apply to a single bill and not to a class of bills (VII,
    2125), may be amended (VII, 2127), may not be divided (VII, 2125), and
    may not be debated (VII, 2126, 2128), but are not in order on Calendar
    Wednesday (VII, 2117), and are not privileged if the original reference
    was not erroneous (VII, 2125). The rereferral of most bills, however, is
    accomplished by unanimous consent (see Procedure, ch. 17, Sec. Sec. 17-
    38).

    [[Page 465]]

    a primary committee among those to which a matter is initially referred
    (sec. 205, H. Res. 6, Jan. 4, 1995, p. 467). However, the provision was
    amended again in the 108th Congress to permit the Speaker to refrain
    from designating a primary committee in extraordinary circumstances
    (sec. 2(i), H. Res. 5, Jan. 7, 2003, p. 7; see Sec. 816, infra).
      Before the 94th Congress, a bill could not be divided among two or
    more committees, even though it might have contained matters properly
    within the jurisdiction of several committees (IV, 4372). The Committee
    Reform Amendments of 1974 added former clause 5 of rule X (current
    clause 2 of rule XII), permitting the Speaker to refer any matter to
    more than one committee (H. Res. 988, 93d Cong., Oct. 8, 1974, p.
    34470). That provision was amended in the 104th Congress to require the
    Speaker to designate

      A committee having jurisdiction over a subject by means of a petition
    (IV, 3365) properly referred (IV, 4361) can report on the subject
    thereof. It has generally been held that a committee may not report a
    bill whereof the subject matter has not been referred to it by the House
    (IV, 4355-4360, 4372; VII, 1029, 2101, 2102). Where a House bill is
    returned from the Senate with a substitute amendment relating to a new
    and different subject, the reference could nevertheless be to the
    committee having jurisdiction over the original bill (IV, 4373, 4374);
    normally, however, such amended measures are held at the Speaker's table
    until disposed of by the House. The erroneous reference of a public bill
    under this rule, if it remains uncorrected, in effect gives jurisdiction
    (IV, 4365-4371; VII, 2108), but such is not the case with a private bill
    or petition (IV, 3364, 4382-4389) unless the reference be made by action
    of the House itself (IV, 4390, 4391; VII 2131). A point of order as to
    the reference of a private bill is timely when the bill comes up for
    consideration, either in the House or in the Committee of the Whole (IV,
    4382-4389; VII, 2116, 2132; VIII, 2262) or at any time before passage
    (VII, 2116). The reference of a bill to a committee involving the same
    subject matter as a bill previously reported confers jurisdiction anew
    upon the committee to consider and report the bill subsequently
    introduced (VIII, 2311).

      Clause 4 of rule XII prohibits the receipt or consideration of certain
    private bills relating to claims, pensions, construction of bridges, and
    the correction of military or naval records. In the 104th Congress the
    House adopted a rule to prohibit introduction or consideration of any
    bill or resolution expressing a commemoration by designation of a
    specified period of time (current clause 5 of rule XII, former clause 2
    of rule XXII) (sec. 216, H. Res. 6, Jan. 4, 1995, p. 468).

      (a) Committee on Agriculture.

    Sec. 715. Agriculture.

          (1)  Adulteration of seeds, insect
    pests, and protection of birds and animals in forest reserves.

          (2) Agriculture generally.

          (3) Agricultural and industrial chemistry.

          (4) Agricultural colleges and experiment stations.

    [[Page 466]]

          (5) Agricultural economics and research.

          (6) Agricultural education extension services.

          (7) Agricultural production and marketing and stabilization of
    prices of agricultural products, and commodities (not including
    distribution outside of the United States).

          (8) Animal industry and diseases of animals.

          (9) Commodity exchanges.

          (10) Crop insurance and soil conservation.

          (11) Dairy industry.

          (12) Entomology and plant quarantine.

          (13) Extension of farm credit and farm security.

          (14) Inspection of livestock, poultry, meat products, and seafood
    and seafood products.

          (15) Forestry in general and forest reserves other than those
    created from the public domain.

          (16) Human nutrition and home economics.

          (17) Plant industry, soils, and agricultural engineering.

          (18) Rural electrification.

          (19) Rural development.

          (20) Water conservation related to activities of the Department of
    Agriculture.

      This committee was established in 1820 (IV, 4149). In 1880 the subject
    of forestry was added to its jurisdiction, and the committee was
    conferred authority to receive estimates of and to report appropriations
    (IV, 4149). However, on July 1, 1920, authority to report appropriations
    for the Department of Agriculture was transferred to the Committee on
    Appropriations (VII, 1860).

    [[Page 467]]

    diction over foreign distribution and nondomestic production of
    commodities to the Committee on Foreign Affairs (H. Res. 988, 93d Cong.,
    Oct. 8, 1974, p. 34470). Nevertheless, the committee has retained
    limited jurisdiction over measures to release CCC stocks for such
    foreign distribution (Sept. 14, 1989, p. 20428). Previously unstated
    jurisdictions over commodities exchanges and rural development were
    codified effective January 3, 1975.
      The basic form of the present jurisdictional statement was made
    effective January 2, 1947, as a part of the Legislative Reorganization
    Act of 1946 (60 Stat. 812). Subparagraph (7) was altered by the 93d
    Congress, effective January 3, 1975, to include jurisdiction over
    agricultural commodities (including the Commodity Credit Corporation
    (CCC)) while transferring juris

      The 104th Congress consolidated the committee's jurisdiction over
    inspection of livestock and meat products to include inspection of
    poultry, seafood, and seafood products, and added subparagraph (20)
    relating to water conservation (sec. 202(a), H. Res. 6, Jan. 4, 1995, p.
    464). Clerical and stylistic changes were effected when the House
    recodified its rules in the 106th Congress (H. Res. 5, Jan. 6, 1999, p.
    47).

      The committee has had jurisdiction over bills for establishing and
    regulating the Department of Agriculture (IV, 4150), for inspection of
    livestock and meat products, regulation of animal industry, diseases of
    animals (IV, 4154; VII, 1862), adulteration of seeds, insect pests,
    protection of birds and animals in forest reserves (IV, 4157; VII,
    1870), the improvement of the breed of horses, even with the cavalry
    service in view (IV, 4158; VII, 1865), and, in addition to the Committee
    on Energy and Commerce, amending the Horse Protection Act to prevent the
    shipping, transporting, moving, delivering, or receiving of horses to be
    slaughtered for human consumption (July 13, 2006, p. 14304).

      The committee, having charge of the general subject of forestry, has
    reported bills relating to timber, and forest reserves other than those
    created from the public domain (IV, 4160). The Committee on Natural
    Resources, and not this committee, has jurisdiction over a bill to
    convey land that is part of a National Forest created from the public
    domain (Mar. 23, 2004, p. 4926). The committee also has exercised
    jurisdiction over bills: relating to agricultural colleges and
    experiment stations (IV, 4152), incorporation of agricultural societies
    (IV, 4159), and establishment of a highway commission (IV, 4153); to
    discourage fictitious and gambling transactions in farm products (IV,
    4161; VII, 1861); to regulate the transportation, sale, and handling of
    dogs and cats intended for use in research and the licensing of animal
    research facilities (July 29, 1965, p. 18691); to designate an
    agricultural research center (May 14, 1996, p. 11070). The committee
    shares with the Committee on the Judiciary jurisdiction over a bill
    comprehensively amending the Immigration and Nationality Act and
    including food stamp eligibility requirements for aliens (Sept. 19,
    1995, p. 25533).

      The House referred the President's message dealing with the
    refinancing of farm-mortgage indebtedness to the committee, thus
    conferring jurisdiction (Apr. 4, 1933, p. 1209).

    [[Page 468]]

      The committee has jurisdiction over a bill relating solely to
    executive level positions in the Department of Agriculture (Mar. 2,
    1976, p. 4958) and has jurisdiction over bills to develop land and water
    conservation programs on private and non-Federal lands (June 7, 1976, p.
    16768).

      (b) Committee on Appropriations.

    Sec. 716. Appropriations.

          (1)    Appropriation of the
    revenue for the support of the Government.

          (2) Rescissions of appropriations contained in appropriation Acts.

          (3) Transfers of unexpended balances.

          (4) Bills and joint resolutions reported by other committees that
    provide new entitlement authority as defined in section 3(9) of the
    Congressional Budget Act of 1974 and referred to the committee under
    clause 4(a)(2).

          (5) Bills and joint resolutions that provide new budget authority,
    limitation on the use of funds, or other authority relating to new
    direct loan obligations and new loan guarantee commitments referencing
    section 504(b) of the Congressional Budget Act of 1974.

      This committee was established in 1865, when all the general
    appropriation bills were confided to its care. In 1885 a portion of the
    bills were distributed to other committees. On July 1, 1920, the
    committee again was given jurisdiction over all appropriation measures
    (VII, 1741).

      In the 95th Congress this paragraph was amended to correct a
    typographical error (H. Res. 5, Jan. 4, 1977, p. 53). Subparagraph (4)
    was amended in the 105th and 106th Congresses to conform to changes made
    by the Budget Enforcement Act of 1997 (sec. 10116, P.L. 105-33; H. Res.
    5, Jan. 6, 1999, p. 47). Subparagraph (5) was added in the 114th
    Congress (sec. 2(a)(2)(B), H. Res. 5, Jan. 6, 2015, p. 34). When the
    House recodified its rules in the 106th Congress, it transferred an
    undesignated portion of this paragraph to clause 3(f)(2) of rule XIII
    (H. Res. 5, Jan. 6, 1999, p. 47).

    [[Page 469]]

    committee is also authorized and directed to hold hearings on the budget
    as a whole in open session within 30 days of its submission (clause
    4(a)(1)(A) of rule X), and to study on a continuing basis provisions of
    law providing spending authority or permanent budget authority and to
    report to the House recommendations for terminating or modifying such
    provisions (clause 4(a)(3) of rule X). The requirement of section 139 of
    the Legislative Reorganization Act of 1946 (60 Stat. 812) that the
    Committees on Appropriations of the House and Senate develop a standard
    appropriation classification schedule was superseded by section 202(a)
    of the Legislative Reorganization Act of 1970 (84 Stat. 1167), which now
    imposes that responsibility upon the Secretary of the Treasury and the
    Office of Management and Budget. The further requirement of section 139
    of the 1946 Act that the Appropriations Committees study existing
    permanent appropriations and recommend which, if any, should be
    discontinued was made the responsibility of all standing committees of
    the House by clause 4(e) of rule X, through enactment of section 253 of
    the 1970 Act (84 Stat. 1175).
      The authority to conduct studies and examinations of the organization
    and operation of executive departments and agencies was first given to
    this committee on February 11, 1943 (p. 884); continued by resolution of
    January 9, 1945 (p. 135); and incorporated into permanent law in section
    202(b) of the Legislative Reorganization Act of 1946 (60 Stat. 812).
    This authority was first made part of the standing rules on January 3,
    1953 (pp. 17, 24), and is now listed as a special oversight
    responsibility of the committee in clause 3 of rule X, effective January
    3, 1975 (formerly clause 2(b)(3) of rule X) (H. Res. 988, 93d Cong.,
    Oct. 8, 1974, p. 34470). The

    Sec. 717. Responsibilities under Budget Act.

      Effective  July
    12, 1974, special Presidential messages on rescissions and deferrals of
    budget authority submitted pursuant to sections 1012 and 1013 of the
    Impoundment Control Act of 1974 (2 U.S.C. 683, 684), as well as
    rescission bills and impoundment resolutions defined in section 1011 (2
    U.S.C. 682) and required in section 1017 (2 U.S.C. 688) to be referred
    to the appropriate committee, are referred to the Committee on
    Appropriations if the proposed rescissions or deferrals involve funds
    already appropriated or obligated. Also effective July 12, 1974, the
    Congressional Budget Act of 1974 (sec. 404(a)) added to the committee's
    jurisdiction, which was later perfected by the Committee Reform
    Amendments of 1974 (H. Res. 988, 93d Cong., Oct. 8, 1974, p. 34470,
    subparagraphs (2), (3), and (4)).

      (c) Committee on Armed Services.

    Sec. 718. Armed Services.

          (1)  Ammunition depots; forts;
    arsenals; and Army, Navy, Marine Corps, Air Force, and Space Force
    reservations and establishments.

          (2) Common defense generally.

          (3) Conservation, development, and use of naval petroleum and oil
    shale reserves.

          (4) The Department of Defense generally, including the Departments
    of the Army, Navy, and Air Force, generally.

    [[Page 470]]

    ation, and administration of interoceanic canals.
          (5) Interoceanic canals generally, including measures relating to
    the maintenance, oper

          (6) Merchant Marine Academy and State Maritime Academies.

          (7) Military applications of nuclear energy.

          (8) Tactical intelligence and intelligence-related activities of
    the Department of Defense.

          (9) National security aspects of merchant marine, including
    financial assistance for the construction and operation of vessels,
    maintenance of the U.S. shipbuilding and ship repair industrial base,
    cabotage, cargo preference, and merchant marine officers and seafarers
    as these matters relate to the national security.

          (10) Pay, promotion, retirement, and other benefits and privileges
    of members of the armed forces.

          (11) Scientific research and development in support of the armed
    services.

          (12) Selective service.

          (13) Size and composition of the Army, Navy, Marine Corps, Air
    Force, and Space Force.

          (14) Soldiers' and sailors' homes.

          (15) Strategic and critical materials necessary for the common
    defense.

          (16) Cemeteries administered by the Department of Defense.

    [[Page 471]]

    again the Committee on Armed Services in the 106th Congress (H. Res. 5,
    Jan. 6, 1999, p. 47). Clerical and stylistic changes were effected when
    the House recodified its rules in the 106th Congress, including the
    deletion of a redundant undesignated recitation of a special oversight
    function (H. Res. 5, Jan. 6, 1999, p. 47). A gender-based reference was
    eliminated in the 117th Congress (sec. 2(e)(1), H. Res. 8, Jan. 4, 2021,
    p. _).
      This committee was established January 2, 1947, as a part of the
    Legislative Reorganization Act of 1946 (60 Stat. 812), combining the
    Committee on Military Affairs with the Committee on Naval Affairs, both
    of which had been created in 1822 (IV, 4179, 4189) and had jurisdiction
    over appropriations from 1885 to 1920 (IV, 4179, 4189; VII, 1741). The
    committee was redesignated the Committee on National Security in the
    104th Congress (sec. 202(a), H. Res. 6, Jan. 4, 1995, p. 464) and was
    redesignated

      Much of the present legislative jurisdiction in this paragraph was
    adopted on January 3, 1953 (p. 17), to reflect jurisdiction over the
    Department of Defense, which was created in the National Security Act of
    1947 (61 Stat. 495). In the 95th Congress, when the Joint Committee on
    Atomic Energy was abolished, this committee gained jurisdiction over
    military applications of nuclear energy (H. Res. 5, Jan. 4, 1977, p.
    53). The 104th Congress added subparagraph (8) for clarification and
    subparagraphs (5), (6), and (9) to reflect the transfer of those matters
    from the former Committee on Merchant Marine and Fisheries (sec. 202(a),
    H. Res. 6, Jan. 4, 1995, p. 464), and later amended subparagraph (8) to
    effect a technical correction (H. Res. 254, Nov. 30, 1995, p. 35077).
    The 112th Congress added subparagraph (16), a matter formerly within the
    sole jurisdiction of the Committee on Veterans' Affairs (sec. 2(e)(6),
    H. Res. 5, Jan. 5, 2011, p. 80). In the 117th Congress, subparagraphs
    (1) and (13) were amended to incorporate the Space Force and to clarify
    the application of subparagraph (1) to the Marine Corps (sec. 2(f), H.
    Res. 8, Jan. 4, 2021, p. _).

      The committee has jurisdiction over bills: relating to military
    housing construction (Feb. 21, 1962, p. 2684; Apr. 18, 1967, p. 9981);
    amending title 10 of the United States Code to permit suits against the
    United States for damage to reputation of members of Armed Forces
    acquitted of charges of crimes against civilians in combat zones (July
    15, 1970, p. 24451); for construction of military medical facilities
    (Oct. 3, 1966, p. 24859); to require military commissary, post exchange,
    and medical care privileges for veterans with sufficient service-
    connected disabilities (Feb. 3, 1976, p. 1972); of a private character
    to waive the statutory time limit on the award of the Congressional
    Medal of Honor to individuals (Feb. 22, 1982, p. 1812); including
    authorization of appropriations to the Department of Energy for resource
    applications for naval petroleum and oil shale reserves (May 1, 1978, p.
    11946); and effecting the transfer of military property to a State to be
    designated by the State as a wilderness area (Nov. 15, 1995, p. 32627).

      The committee exercised jurisdiction with the Committee on Interior
    and Insular Affairs (now Natural Resources) over a resolution regarding
    continued operation of the Hanford Nuclear Reactor to produce power for
    the Bonneville Power Administration (July 17, 1986, p. 16888).

      (d) Committee on the Budget.

    [[Page 472]]

    other matters required to be referred to the committee under titles III
    and IV of that Act, and other measures setting forth appropriate levels
    of budget totals for the United States Government.

    Sec. 719.
    Budget.

          (1) Concurrent resolutions on the  budget (as defined in section 3(4) of the Congressional Budget
    Act of 1974),

          (2) Budget process generally.

          (3) Establishment, extension, and enforcement of special controls
    over the Federal budget, including the budgetary treatment of off-budget
    Federal agencies and measures providing exemption from reduction under
    any order issued under part C of the Balanced Budget and Emergency
    Deficit Control Act of 1985.

      This committee was established in the 93d Congress, effective July 12,
    1974, by section 101 of the Congressional Budget Act of 1974 (88 Stat.
    299). The separate subpoena authority conferred upon the committee by
    section 101(b) of that Act has been superseded by the general grant of
    subpoena authority to all committees in clause 2(m) of rule XI (H. Res.
    988, 93d Cong., Oct. 8, 1974, p. 34470). The committee is also charged
    with the special oversight functions as described in clause 3(c) and
    clause 4(b) of rule X.

      Before the House recodified its rules in the 106th Congress, this
    paragraph consisted of the committee's legislative jurisdiction (current
    paragraph (d)), its oversight jurisdiction (current clause 4 of rule X),
    and its composition (current clause 5(a)(2) of rule X (H. Res. 5, Jan.
    6, 1999, p. 47)).

    [[Page 473]]

    the committee jurisdiction over special controls over the Federal budget
    in a new subparagraph (4) (now subparagraph (3)), including receiving
    from the former Committee on Government Operations (now Oversight and
    Government Reform) jurisdiction over budgetary treatment of off-budget
    Federal agencies and measures providing exemption from sequestration
    orders issued under the Balanced Budget and Emergency Deficit Control
    Act (sec. 202(a), H. Res. 6, Jan. 4, 1995, p. 464). Three rereferrals
    from the Committee on Government Reform and Oversight (now Oversight and
    Government Reform) to the Committee on the Budget marked this migration
    of off-budget treatment jurisdiction: (1) the Committee on the Budget
    has primary jurisdiction over a bill excluding from the budget the Civil
    Service Retirement and Disability Fund (although the Committee on
    Oversight and Government Reform retains programmatic jurisdiction over
    that Fund); (2) the Committee on the Budget has primary jurisdiction
    over a bill excluding from the budget the Highway Trust Fund, the
    Airport and Airway Trust Fund, the Inland Waterways Trust Fund, and the
    Harbor Maintenance Trust Fund (although the Committee on Transportation
    and Infrastructure retains programmatic jurisdiction); and (3) the
    Committee on the Budget has secondary jurisdiction over a bill amending
    title 49 of the United States Code and providing off-budget treatment
    for the Highway Trust Fund, the Airport and Airway Trust Fund, the
    Inland Waterways Trust Fund, and the Harbor Maintenance Trust Fund (Dec.
    6, 1995, p. 35572). The chair of the Committee on the Budget inserted in
    the Congressional Record a memorandum of understanding between this
    committee and the Committee on Rules to clarify each Committee's
    jurisdiction over the congressional budget process (Jan. 4, 1995, p.
    617). In the 105th Congress the jurisdictional statement in subparagraph
    (2), previously confined to the congressional budget process, was
    broadened to encompass also the executive budget process formerly
    included in the jurisdiction of the Committee on Government Reform and
    Oversight (now Oversight and Government Reform) (H. Res. 5, Jan. 7,
    1997, p. 121). Clerical and stylistic changes were effected when the
    House recodified its rules in the 106th Congress (H. Res. 5, Jan. 6,
    1999, p. 47). This committee, and not the Committee on Ways and Means,
    has jurisdiction over a bill establishing a rule of sequestration under
    the Balanced Budget and Emergency Deficit Control Act (Dec. 15, 2000, p.
    27085). This committee has primary jurisdiction, and the Committee on
    Ways and Means has additional jurisdiction, over a bill taking Social
    Security trust funds off budget (Dec. 15, 2000, p. 27085). This
    committee has primary jurisdiction, and the Committee on Rules has
    additional jurisdiction, over a bill amending the Budget Act to
    establish new legislative points of order and directing that the
    President include a specified matter with the budget (Feb. 13, 2001, p.
    1817).

      In the 99th Congress this paragraph was again amended by section
    232(h) of the Balanced Budget and Emergency Deficit Control Act of 1985,
    to confer jurisdiction over Senate joint or concurrent resolutions
    constituting congressional responses to a Presidential sequestration
    order issued pursuant to a report of the Comptroller General under
    section 252(b) of that Act (P.L. 99-177). It was again amended by the
    Budget Enforcement Act of 1990 to conform subparagraph (2) to changes in
    the congressional budget laws (tit. XIII, P.L. 101-508). In the 104th
    Congress, the House amended the paragraph to expand the limited
    legislative jurisdiction of the committee by: (1) adding other measures
    setting forth appropriate levels of budget totals to subparagraph (2)
    (now subparagraph (1)); (2) granting the committee jurisdiction over the
    congressional budget process generally in a new subparagraph (3) (now
    subparagraph (2)); and (3) granting

      (e) Committee on Education and Workforce.

    [[Page 474]]

          (1) Child labor.

    Sec. 720. Education and Workforce.

            (2) Gallaudet
    University and Howard University and Hospital.

          (3) Convict labor and the entry of goods made by convicts into
    interstate commerce.

          (4) Food programs for children in schools.

          (5) Labor standards and statistics.

          (6) Education or labor generally.

          (7) Mediation and arbitration of labor disputes.

          (8) Regulation or prevention of importation of foreign laborers
    under contract.

          (9) Workers' compensation.

          (10) Vocational rehabilitation.

          (11) Wages and hours of labor.

          (12) Welfare of miners.

          (13) Work incentive programs.

          (14) Organization, administration, and general management of the
    Department of Education.

          (15) Organization, administration, and general management of the
    Department of Labor.

    [[Page 475]]

    (sec. 2(k), H. Res. 5, Jan. 9, 2023, p. _), and was redesignated as the
    Committee on Education and Workforce in the 119th Congress (sec. 2(e),
    H. Res. 5, Jan. 3, 2025, p. _).
      This committee was established on January 2, 1947, as part of the
    Legislative Reorganization Act of 1946 (60 Stat. 812), combining the
    Committee on Education (created in 1867) (IV, 4242) and the Committee on
    Labor (created in 1883) (IV, 4244). When it was redesignated as the
    Committee on Economic and Educational Opportunities in the 104th
    Congress, the jurisdictional statement remained unchanged except by the
    combination of labor standards and labor statistics in a single
    subparagraph (5) (sec. 202(a), H. Res. 6, Jan. 4, 1995, p. 464). In the
    105th Congress the committee was redesignated the Committee on Education
    and the Workforce (H. Res. 5, Jan. 7, 1997, p. 121), was redesignated
    the Committee on Education and Labor in the 110th Congress (sec. 212(a),
    H. Res. 6, Jan. 4, 2007, p. 19), was redesignated the Committee on
    Education and the Workforce in the 112th Congress (sec. 2(e)(7), H. Res.
    5, Jan. 5, 2011, p. 80), was again redesignated as the Committee on
    Education and Labor in the 116th Congress (sec. 102(g), H. Res. 6, Jan.
    3, 2019, p. _), was again redesignated as the Committee on Education and
    the Workforce in the 118th Congress

      By the Committee Reform Amendments of 1974, effective January 3, 1975,
    the committee gained jurisdiction over food programs for children in
    schools, an expansion of earlier jurisdiction over school-lunch programs
    (subpara. (4)), work incentive programs (subpara. (13)), and Indian
    education, a matter formerly within the specific jurisdiction of the
    Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs (now Natural Resources);
    jurisdiction of the committee over international education matters was
    specifically transferred to the Committee on Foreign Affairs; and its
    special oversight function was inserted in clause 3(c) of rule X
    (current clause 3(d) of rule X) (H. Res. 988, 93d Cong., Oct. 8, 1974,
    p. 34470). Clerical and stylistic changes were effected when the House
    recodified its rules in the 106th Congress, including the deletion of
    obsolete references to the Columbia Institution for the Deaf, Dumb, and
    Blind, Freedmen's Hospital, and the United States Employees'
    Compensation Commission and the deletion of a redundant undesignated
    recitation of general and special oversight functions (H. Res. 5, Jan.
    6, 1999, p. 47). Subparagraphs (14) and (15) were added in the 116th
    Congress to give the committee jurisdiction over organizational,
    administrative, and managerial functions of the Departments of Education
    and Labor (sec. 102(h), H. Res. 6, Jan. 3, 2019, p. _).

    [[Page 476]]

      The committee has jurisdiction over bills dealing with juvenile
    delinquency (Jan. 22, 1959, p. 1027), runaway youth (July 12, 1973, p.
    23633; Sept. 10, 1973, p. 28970), education of Indians (Apr. 15, 1975,
    p. 10247; June 10, 1991, p. 14049), including the Native American
    Programs Act (Oct. 30, 1997, p. 23967), and compensation for work
    injuries to Federal employees (Apr. 16, 1975, p. 10339); over bills
    amending the Community Services Block Grant Act to continue antipoverty
    programs originally authorized by the Economic Opportunity Act of 1964
    (Nov. 4, 1993, p. 27359); and over an executive communication proposing
    draft legislation to amend the Labor Management Relations Act and the
    Employee Retirement Income Security Act (Mar. 24, 1983, p. 7402). The
    committee shares with the Committee on the Judiciary jurisdiction over a
    bill comprehensively amending the Immigration and Nationality Act and
    including provisions addressing the enforcement of labor laws (Sept. 19,
    1995, p. 25533). The committee has additional jurisdiction (Energy and
    Commerce has primary jurisdiction) over a developmental disabilities
    assistance and family support bill (Feb. 10, 2000, p. 1023). The
    jurisdiction of this committee over education and vocational
    rehabilitation does not include those subjects as they relate to
    veterans, which fall under the jurisdiction of the Committee on
    Veterans' Affairs. This committee, and not also the Committees on
    Oversight and Government Reform and House Administration, has
    jurisdiction over a bill amending the Family and Medical Leave Act of
    1993 to address only private-sector employees (Oct. 30, 2007, p. 28651).

      (f) Committee on Energy and Commerce.

          (1) Biomedical research and development.

    Sec. 721. Energy and Commerce.

            (2) Consumer affairs and
    consumer protection.

          (3) Health and health facilities (except health care supported by
    payroll deductions).

          (4) Interstate energy compacts.

          (5) Interstate and foreign commerce generally.

          (6) Exploration, production, storage, supply, marketing, pricing,
    and regulation of energy resources, including all fossil fuels, solar
    energy, and other unconventional or renewable energy resources.

          (7) Conservation of energy resources.

          (8) Energy information generally.

          (9) The generation and marketing of power (except by federally
    chartered or Federal regional power marketing authorities); reliability
    and interstate transmission of, and ratemaking for, all power; and
    siting of generation facilities (except the installation of
    interconnections between Government waterpower projects).

          (10) General management of the Department of Energy and management
    and all functions of the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission.

          (11) National energy policy generally.

          (12) Public health and quarantine.

    [[Page 477]]

    and development reactors and nuclear regulatory research.
          (13) Regulation of the domestic nuclear energy industry, including
    regulation of research

          (14) Regulation of interstate and foreign communications.

    The committee shall have the same jurisdiction with respect to
    regulation of nuclear facilities and of use of nuclear energy as it has
    with respect to regulation of nonnuclear facilities and of use of
    nonnuclear energy.

          (15) Travel and tourism.

      The committee dates from 1795 (IV, 4096). Effective January 3, 1975
    (H. Res. 988, 93d Cong., Oct. 8, 1974, p. 34470), the name of the
    committee was changed from Interstate and Foreign Commerce to Commerce
    and Health. Effective January 14, 1975, it was redesignated as
    Interstate and Foreign Commerce (H. Res. 5, 94th Cong., p. 20). In the
    96th Congress it was redesignated as Energy and Commerce and given much
    of its present jurisdiction, effective January 3, 1981 (H. Res. 549,
    Mar. 25, 1980, pp. 6405-10; note publication of intercommittee memoranda
    of understanding). In the 104th Congress it was redesignated as the
    Committee on Commerce (sec. 202(a), H. Res. 6, Jan. 4, 1995, p. 464). In
    the 107th Congress it was redesignated again as the Committee on Energy
    and Commerce (sec. 2(d), H. Res. 5, Jan. 3, 2001, p. 25).

    [[Page 478]]

    on Ways and Means), and biomedical research and development (subpara.
    (1)), and was released of jurisdiction over civil aeronautics to the
    Committee on Public Works and Transportation (now Transportation and
    Infrastructure), jurisdiction over civil aviation research and
    development, energy and environmental research and development, and the
    National Weather Service to the Committee on Science and Technology (now
    Science, Space, and Technology), and jurisdiction over trading with the
    enemy to the Committee on Foreign Affairs (H. Res. 988, 93d Cong., Oct.
    8, 1974, p. 34470). In the 95th Congress, when the legislative
    jurisdiction of the Joint Committee on Atomic Energy in the House was
    transferred to various standing committees, this committee was given the
    same jurisdiction over nuclear energy as it had over nonnuclear energy
    and facilities (H. Res. 5, Jan. 4, 1977, pp. 53-70). In the 96th
    Congress the committee obtained specific jurisdiction over national
    energy policy generally (subpara. (11)), measures relating to
    exploration, production, storage, supply, marketing, pricing, and
    regulation of energy resources (subpara. (6)), measures relating to
    conservation of energy resources (subpara. (7)), measures relating to
    energy information generally (subpara. (8)), measures relating to the
    generation, marketing, interstate transmission of, and ratemaking for
    power as well as the siting of generation facilities, with certain
    exceptions (subpara. (9)), interstate energy compacts (subpara. (4)),
    and measures relating to general management of the Department of Energy
    and all functions of the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (subpara.
    (10)) (H. Res. 549, Mar. 25, 1980, pp. 6405-10). In the 104th Congress
    the committee's jurisdiction over inland waterways and railroads
    (including railroad labor, retirement, and unemployment) was transferred
    to the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure, and jurisdiction
    over measures relating to the commercial application of energy
    technology was transferred to the Committee on Science (now Science,
    Space, and Technology), while the committee obtained jurisdiction over
    regulation of the domestic nuclear energy industry (subpara. (13)) from
    the Committee on Natural Resources (sec. 202(a), H. Res. 6, Jan. 4,
    1995, p. 464). Clerical and stylistic changes were effected when the
    House recodified its rules in the 106th Congress (H. Res. 5, Jan. 6,
    1999, p. 47). In the 107th Congress the committee's jurisdiction over
    securities and exchanges was transferred to the Committee on Financial
    Services (sec. 2(d), H. Res. 5, Jan. 3, 2001, p. 25). The Speaker
    inserted in the Congressional Record a memorandum of understanding
    between the two committees to clarify the nature of this transfer (Jan.
    30, 2001, p. 995), the final two paragraphs of which no longer provide
    jurisdictional guidance (Jan. 4, 2005, p. 71).
      In the 74th Congress the jurisdictional statement of the committee was
    amended to include jurisdiction over bills relating to radio, and to
    transfer jurisdiction over water transportation, Coast Guard, lifesaving
    service, lighthouses, lightships, ocean derelicts, Coast and Geodetic
    Survey, and the Panama Canal to the former Committee on Merchant Marine
    and Fisheries (VII, 1814, 1847), but with the demise of the latter
    committee in the 104th Congress, the latter subjects now reside in the
    jurisdiction of the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure,
    except that the Committee on National Security (now Armed Services) has
    jurisdiction over the Panama Canal (sec. 202(a), H. Res. 6, Jan. 4,
    1995, p. 464). In the 85th Congress matters relating to the Bureau of
    Standards, standardization of weights and measures, and the metric
    system (conferred on the committee by the Legislative Reorganization Act
    of 1946, 60 Stat. 812), were transferred to the Committee on Science and
    Astronautics (now Science, Space, and Technology) (July 21, 1958, p.
    14513). In the Committee Reform Amendments of 1974, effective January 3,
    1975, the committee obtained specific jurisdiction over consumer affairs
    and consumer protection (subpara. (2)), travel and tourism (subpara.
    (15)), health and health facilities, except health care supported by
    payroll deductions (subpara. (3)) (a matter formerly within the
    jurisdiction of the Committee

    [[Page 479]]

    disposal of nuclear waste (sec. 202(a), H. Res. 6, Jan. 4, 1995, p.
    464), though a conforming change in clause 3 was inadvertently omitted.
      The committee has the special oversight responsibility under clause
    3(e) as well as the general oversight responsibility required by clause
    2. This special oversight responsibility was expanded in the 96th
    Congress to include all energy, effective January 3, 1981 (H. Res. 549,
    Mar. 25, 1980, pp. 6405-10). In the 104th Congress it was again expanded
    to include nonmilitary nuclear energy and research and development
    including the

      The committee formerly reported the river and harbor appropriation
    bill, but in 1883 the Committee on Rivers and Harbors was created for
    that role (IV, 4096), and since the 66th Congress such appropriations
    have been reported by the Committee on Appropriations.

      The committee has general jurisdiction over bills affecting domestic
    and foreign commerce, except such as may affect the revenue (IV, 4097).
    It also has jurisdiction over bills authorizing the construction of
    marine hospitals and the acquisition of sites therefor (IV, 4110; VII,
    1816), the general subjects of quarantine and the establishment of
    quarantine stations (IV, 4109), health, spread of leprosy and other
    contagious diseases, international congress of hygiene, etc. (IV, 4111).
    This committee formerly had jurisdiction over bills proposing
    construction of bridges across navigable streams, which now are banned
    under clause 4 of rule XII if private (see Sec. 822, infra; see also
    General Bridge Act, 33 U.S.C. 525).

    [[Page 480]]

      Before the 104th Congress the committee considered bills regulating
    railroads in their interstate commerce relations (IV, 414) and exercised
    jurisdiction with the Committees on Education and Labor (now Education
    and Workforce) and Public Works and Transportation (now Transportation
    and Infrastructure) over bills providing labor protections to workers in
    the transportation industry, including railroad employees (Feb. 24,
    1993, p. 3577). The committee considers bills relating to commercial
    travelers as agents of interstate commerce and the branding of articles
    going into such commerce (IV, 4115), the prevention of the carriage of
    indecent and harmful pictures or literature (IV, 4116), the adulteration
    and misbranding of foods and drugs (IV, 4112), and protection of game
    through prohibition of interstate transportation (IV, 4117). The
    committee has jurisdiction over bills imposing safety standards on motor
    vehicles purchased by the U.S. Government (Feb. 16, 1959, p. 2420),
    bills creating civil remedies for false advertising or other violations
    of commercial ethics (June 4, 1962, p. 9601), and bills to assist
    financing of the Arctic Winter Games in Alaska (June 7, 1972, p. 19935).
    The committee had jurisdiction over a bill to reauthorize the
    Developmental Disabilities Assistance and Bill of Rights Act (ultimately
    repealed), which was focused on health matters rather than job training
    (June 1, 1981, p. 11028; Nov. 3, 1993, p. 27274). This committee and, in
    addition, the Committee on Education and Workforce, have jurisdiction
    over the Developmental Disabilities Assistance and Bill of Rights Act of
    1999 (which replaced the above-mentioned Act) as it contained a family
    support program within the jurisdiction of the Committee on Education
    and Workforce (Feb. 10, 2000, p. 1023). In the 94th Congress, the
    committee gained jurisdiction over bills amending the Lead-Based Paint
    Poisoning Prevention Act and bills dealing with nursing home
    construction as public health matters (June 10, 1975, p. 18009).

      (g) Committee on Ethics.

          The Code of Official Conduct.

    Sec. 721b. Ethics.

      In  the 90th Congress the Committee on
    Standards of Official Conduct was established as a standing committee
    (H. Res. 418, Apr. 13, 1967, p. 9425). Its precursor was the Select
    Committee on Standards and Conduct, created in the 89th Congress (H.
    Res. 1013, Oct. 19, 1966, pp. 27713-30). At various times in its
    history, the legislative jurisdiction of the committee has included
    jurisdiction over measures relating to (1) financial disclosure by
    Members, officers, and employees of the House (H. Res. 1099, 90th Cong.,
    Apr. 3, 1968, p. 8776); (2) the raising, reporting, and use of campaign
    contributions for candidates for the House (H. Res. 988, 93d Cong., Oct.
    8, 1974, p. 34470); and (3) lobbying activities (H. Res. 1031, 91st
    Cong., July 8, 1970, p. 23141). However, legislative jurisdiction over
    measures relating to financial disclosure was transferred to the
    Committee on Rules in the 95th Congress (H. Res. 5, Jan. 4, 1977, pp.
    53-70); legislative jurisdiction over measures relating to campaign
    contributions for candidates for the House was transferred to House
    Administration, and legislative jurisdiction over measures relating to
    lobbying activities was removed from the committee (thereby devolving on
    the Committee on the Judiciary) in the 94th Congress (H. Res. 5, Jan.
    14, 1975, p. 20). Clerical and stylistic changes were effected when the
    House recodified its rules in the 106th Congress, including the deletion
    of a redundant undesignated recitation of general and special functions
    (H. Res. 5, Jan. 6, 1999, p. 47). In the 112th Congress it was
    redesignated as the Committee on Ethics (sec. 2(e)(8), H. Res. 5, Jan.
    5, 2011, p. 80).

      Under clause 5(a) of rule XIII, the committee is empowered to report
    as privileged resolutions recommending action by the House of
    Representatives with respect to the official conduct of an individual
    Member, officer, or employee of the House.

      In addition to its legislative jurisdiction, the committee has the
    general oversight responsibility set forth in clause 2(b) and the
    additional functions of conducting the investigations and making the
    reports and recommendations required by clause 5 of rule XIII or by
    resolution of the House (see, e.g., H. Res. 252, 95th Cong., Feb. 9,
    1977, pp. 3966-75, directing investigation of gifts from the Korean
    Government; H. Res. 1042, 94th Cong., Feb. 16, 1976, pp. 3158-61,
    directing investigation of unauthorized publication of report of Select
    Committee on Intelligence; and H. Res. 608, 96th Cong., Mar. 27, 1980,
    pp. 6995-98, relating to ``Abscam'').

    [[Page 481]]

    1978, p. 452). In the 96th Congress the committee was assigned as
    additional responsibilities the functions designated in title I of the
    Ethics in Government Act of 1978 (P.L. 95-521) relating to the
    administration of government ethics laws as they apply to Members,
    officers, and employees of the House (H. Res. 5, Jan. 15, 1979, p. 7).
    In the 102d Congress those responsibilities were enlarged to include the
    functions designated in title V of the Act and the specified sections of
    title 5, United States Code (H. Res. 5, Jan. 3, 1991, p. 39).
      The committee has investigated roll call procedures in the House and
    recommended installation of a modernized voting system (June 19, 1969,
    p. 16629). In the 95th Congress the committee was authorized by section
    515 of Public Law 95-105 to act as the ``employing agency'' for the
    House of Representatives under the Foreign Gifts and Decorations Act,
    and the committee promulgated regulations under that statute concerning
    acceptance of foreign gifts and decorations by Members and employees
    (Jan. 23,

      The committee has compiled statutory and rule-based ethical standards
    in the House Ethics Manual (110th Cong., 2d Sess.). In the Manual, the
    committee incorporates its advisory opinions issued under clause 3(a)(4)
    of rule XI, together with advisory opinions issued by the former Select
    Committee on Ethics, in its discussions of various ethical issues,
    including gifts, outside income, financial disclosure, staff rights and
    duties, official allowances and franking, casework considerations,
    campaign financing and practices, and involvement with official and
    unofficial organizations.

    Sec. 721c. Former Select Committees on
    Ethics.

      In the 95th  Congress, the House established a Select Committee on Ethics
    and granted it exclusive legislative jurisdiction over bills that
    incorporated into permanent law provisions of House rules addressing
    financial ethics of Members, officers, and employees (H. Res. 383, Mar.
    9, 1977, pp. 6811-16). The Select Committee was also granted
    jurisdiction to promulgate implementing regulations and to issue
    advisory opinions. The resolution creating the Select Committee provided
    that it would expire on December 31, 1977, but the committee and its
    functions ultimately were extended through the completion of its
    official business (H. Res. 871, Oct. 31, 1977, p. 35957).

      In the 105th Congress a new subparagraph (3) was added at the end of
    former clause 4(e) of rule X to establish a Select Committee on Ethics
    only to resolve an inquiry originally undertaken by the standing
    Committee on Standards of Official Conduct (now Ethics) in the 104th
    Congress (H. Res. 5, Jan. 7, 1997, p. 121). The Select Committee filed
    one report to the House (H. Rept. 105-1, H. Res. 31, Jan. 21, 1997, p.
    393).

      For Office of Congressional Conduct (formerly Office of Congressional
    Ethics), see Sec. 1125h, infra.

      (h) Committee on Financial Services.

          (1) Banks and banking, including deposit insurance and Federal
    monetary policy.

    [[Page 482]]

    Sec. 722. Financial Services.

            (2) Economic
    stabilization, defense production, renegotiation, and control of the
    price of commodities, rents, and services.

          (3) Financial aid to commerce and industry (other than
    transportation).

          (4) Insurance generally.

          (5) International finance.

          (6) International financial and monetary organizations.

          (7) Money and credit, including currency and the issuance of notes
    and redemption thereof; gold and silver, including the coinage thereof;
    valuation and revaluation of the dollar.

          (8) Public and private housing.

          (9) Securities and exchanges.

          (10) Urban development.

      This committee was established in 1865 as the Committee on Banking and
    Currency (IV, 4082). In the Committee Reform Amendments of 1974,
    effective January 3, 1975, its name was changed to Banking, Currency and
    Housing (H. Res. 988, 93d Cong., Oct. 8, 1974, p. 34470). In the 95th
    Congress its name was changed to Banking, Finance and Urban Affairs (H.
    Res. 5, Jan. 4, 1977, pp. 53-70). In the 104th Congress its name was
    changed to Banking and Financial Services (sec. 202(a), H. Res. 6, Jan.
    4, 1995, p. 464). In the 107th Congress its name was changed to
    Financial Services (sec. 2(d), H. Res. 5, Jan. 3, 2001, p. 25).

    [[Page 483]]

    ness, the permanent Select Committee on Small Business was abolished,
    and this committee was specifically given jurisdiction over Federal
    monetary policy, money and credit, urban development, economic
    stabilization, defense production, and renegotiation (the latter matter
    formerly within the jurisdiction of the Committee on Ways and Means),
    international finance, and international financial and monetary
    organizations (formerly within the jurisdiction of the Committee on
    Foreign Affairs), while jurisdiction over the Commodity Credit
    Corporation was transferred to the Committee on Agriculture,
    jurisdiction over export controls and international economic policy to
    the Committee on Foreign Affairs, jurisdiction over construction of
    nursing home facilities to what is now the Committee on Energy and
    Commerce, and jurisdiction over urban mass transportation to what is now
    the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure (H. Res. 988, 93d
    Cong., Oct. 8, 1974, p. 34470). In the 104th Congress subparagraphs (2)
    and (3) were added (sec. 202(a), H. Res. 6, Jan. 4, 1995, p. 464).
    Clerical and stylistic changes were effected when the House recodified
    its rules in the 106th Congress (H. Res. 5, Jan. 6, 1999, p. 47). In the
    107th Congress jurisdiction over securities and exchanges was
    transferred from the Committee on Energy and Commerce to this committee
    (sec. 2(d), H. Res. 5, Jan. 3, 2001, p. 25). As a result of the new
    jurisdiction of the Committee on Financial Services over securities and
    exchanges, its former jurisdiction over matters relating to bank capital
    markets activities and depository institutions securities activities
    were deleted as redundant (sec. 2(d), H. Res. 5, Jan. 3, 2001, p. 25).
    In the 107th Congress this committee also received jurisdiction over
    insurance generally (sec. 2(d), H. Res. 5, Jan. 3, 2001, p. 25). The
    Speaker inserted in the Congressional Record a memorandum of
    understanding between this committee and the Committee on Energy and
    Commerce to clarify these jurisdictional changes (Jan. 30, 2001, p.
    995), the final two paragraphs of which no longer provide jurisdictional
    guidance (Jan. 4, 2005, p. 71). A technical change to subparagraph (6)
    was effected in the 108th Congress (sec. 2(u), H. Res. 5, Jan. 7, 2003,
    p. 7).
      The committee was given much of its present jurisdiction in the
    Legislative Reorganization Act of 1946 (60 Stat. 812), by which it
    absorbed the jurisdiction of the former Committee on Coinage, Weights,
    and Measures (created in 1864) (IV, 4090), except jurisdiction over the
    standardization of weights and measures and the metric system was given
    to the Committee on Interstate and Foreign Commerce and was later
    transferred to the Committee on Science and Astronautics (now Science,
    Space, and Technology) in the 85th Congress (H. Res. 580, July 21, 1958,
    p. 14513). In the 92d Congress jurisdiction over the impact on the
    economy of tax-exempt foundations and charitable trusts was transferred
    from the Subcommittee on Foundations of the Select Committee on Small
    Business, along with all that subcommittee's files, to this committee
    (H. Res. 320, Apr. 27, 1971, p. 12081). Before the end of the 93d
    Congress, the committee had legislative jurisdiction over the problems
    of small business under its general jurisdiction over financial aid to
    commerce and industry; but with the adoption of the Committee Reform
    Amendments of 1974, effective January 3, 1975, that jurisdiction was
    transferred to the standing Committee on Small Busi

    [[Page 484]]

    college housing programs (notwithstanding that the requirement for such
    regulations was contained in higher education legislation reported from
    the Committee on Education and Labor (now Education and Workforce))
    (June 15, 1982, p. 13638).

      The committee has reported on propositions to maintain the parity of
    the money of the United States (IV, 4089; VII, 1792), the issue of
    silver certificates as currency (IV, 4087, 4088), national banks and
    current deposits of public money (IV, 4083; VII, 1790), the
    incorporation of an international bank (IV, 4086), subjects relating to
    the Freedman's Bank (IV, 4085), and Federal Reserve System, Farm Loan
    Act, home loan bills, stabilization of the dollar, War Finance
    Corporation, Federal Reserve bank buildings (VII, 1793, 1795). The
    committee has jurisdiction over bills providing consolidation of grant-
    in-aid programs for urban development (Mar. 18, 1970, p. 7887), bills
    providing for U.S. participation in the International Development
    Association (Mar. 9, 1960, p. 5046), bills to authorize GSA to acquire
    land in D.C. for transfer to the International Monetary Fund (May 1,
    1962, p. 7428), bills relating to flood insurance (Dec. 4, 1975, p.
    38701), and over an executive communication proposing regulations for

      (i) Committee on Foreign Affairs.

    Sec. 723. Foreign Affairs.

          (1)  Relations of the United
    States with foreign nations generally.

          (2) Acquisition of land and buildings for embassies and legations
    in foreign countries.

          (3) Establishment of boundary lines between the United States and
    foreign nations.

          (4) Export controls, including nonproliferation of nuclear
    technology and nuclear hardware.

          (5) Foreign loans.

          (6) International commodity agreements (other than those involving
    sugar), including all agreements for cooperation in the export of
    nuclear technology and nuclear hardware.

          (7) International conferences and congresses.

          (8) International education.

          (9) Intervention abroad and declarations of war.

          (10) Diplomatic service.

          (11) Measures to foster commercial intercourse with foreign
    nations and to safeguard American business interests abroad.

          (12) International economic policy.

          (13) Neutrality.

          (14) Protection of American citizens abroad and expatriation.

          (15) The American National Red Cross.

    [[Page 485]]

          (16) Trading with the enemy.

          (17) United Nations organizations.

      This committee was established in 1822 (IV, 4162), and from 1885 to
    1920 had authority to report appropriations. In the 94th Congress the
    name of the committee was changed from Foreign Affairs to International
    Relations (H. Res. 163, Mar. 19, 1975, p. 7343). In the 96th Congress it
    was changed back to Foreign Affairs (H. Res. 89, Feb. 5, 1979, p. 1848).
    In the 104th Congress the name was again changed to International
    Relations (sec. 202(a), H. Res. 6, Jan. 4, 1995, p. 464). In the 110th
    Congress it was changed back to Foreign Affairs (sec. 213(a), H. Res. 6,
    Jan. 4, 2007, p. 19).

      In addition to the jurisdiction vested in the committee by the
    Legislative Reorganization Act of 1946 (60 Stat. 812), the Committee
    Reform Amendments of 1974, effective January 3, 1975, gave the committee
    jurisdiction over measures relating to: international economic policy
    (subpara. (12)) and export controls (subpara. (4)), matters formerly
    within the jurisdiction of the Committee on Banking and Currency (now
    Financial Services); international commodity agreements other than those
    relating to sugar (subpara. (6)), formerly within the jurisdiction of
    the Committee on Agriculture; trading with the enemy (subpara. (16)),
    formerly within the jurisdiction of the Committee on Interstate and
    Foreign Commerce (now Energy and Commerce); and international education
    (subpara. (8)); while transferring jurisdiction over international
    financial and monetary organizations to the Committee on Banking and
    Currency (now Financial Services), and jurisdiction over international
    fishing agreements to the Committee on Merchant Marine and Fisheries
    (now Natural Resources) (H. Res. 988, 93d Cong., Oct. 8, 1974, p.
    34470). When the legislative jurisdiction of the Joint Committee on
    Atomic Energy in the House was abolished in the 95th Congress (H. Res.
    5, Jan. 4, 1977, pp. 53-70), the committee was given jurisdiction over
    nonproliferation of nuclear technology and hardware (subpara. (4)), and
    over international agreements on nuclear exports (subpara. (6)).
    Clerical and stylistic changes were effected when the House recodified
    its rules in the 106th Congress, including the deletion of a redundant
    undesignated recitation of general and special oversight functions (H.
    Res. 5, Jan. 6, 1999, p. 47).

    [[Page 486]]

    to protection of fur seals (IV, 4170), matters relating to the
    Philippines (see 60 Stat. 315), and measures establishing a District of
    Columbia corporation to support private American organizations engaged
    in communications with foreign nations (June 21, 1971, p. 21062).
      The committee has broad jurisdiction over foreign relations, including
    boundary lines between the United States and foreign nations, bridges
    and dams on international waters (IV, 4166; see also the ``General
    Bridge Act,'' 33 U.S.C. 525, 533), the protection of American citizens
    abroad and expatriation (IV, 4169; VII, 1883), extradition with foreign
    nations, international arbitration, relating to violations of neutrality
    (IV, 4178a), international conferences and congresses (IV, 4177; VII,
    1884), the incorporation of the American National Red Cross and
    protection of its insignia (IV, 4173), intervention abroad and
    declarations of war (IV, 4164; VII 1880), affairs of the consular
    service, including acquisition of land and buildings for legations in
    foreign capitals (IV, 4163; VII, 1879), creation of courts of the United
    States in foreign countries (IV, 4167), treaty regulations as

      The committee also has considered measures for fostering commercial
    intercourse with foreign nations and for safeguarding American business
    interests abroad (IV, 4175), and even the subjects of commercial
    treaties and reciprocal arrangements (IV, 4174), although in later
    practice the Committee on Ways and Means has considered such matters
    (IV, 4021). The committee has exercised general but not exclusive
    jurisdiction over legislation relating to claims affecting international
    relations (IV, 4168; VII, 1882). Pursuant to its jurisdiction over
    international education, the committee (and not the Committee on
    Education and Workforce) has exercised jurisdiction over bills
    establishing scholarship programs for foreign students (May 10, 1988, p.
    10305). The committee has jurisdiction over a communication from the
    President notifying the House, consistent with the War Powers
    Resolution, of the deployment abroad of U.S. armed forces to participate
    in an embargo against another nation (Nov. 4, 1993, p. 27393).

      The special oversight function of the committee set forth in clause
    3(f) of rule X was made effective January 3, 1975 (H. Res. 988, 93d
    Cong., Oct. 8, 1974, p. 34470).

      (j) Committee on Homeland Security.

    Sec. 723a. Homeland
    Security.

          (1) Overall homeland  security policy.

          (2) Organization, administration, and general management of the
    Department of Homeland Security.

          (3) Functions of the Department of Homeland Security relating to
    the following:

              (A) Border and port security (except immigration policy and
    non-border enforcement).

              (B) Customs (except customs revenue).

              (C) Integration, analysis, and dissemination of homeland
    security information.

              (D) Domestic preparedness for and collective response to
    terrorism.

    [[Page 487]]

              (E) Research and development.

              (F) Transportation security.

              (G) Cybersecurity.

      This committee was established in the 109th Congress (sec. 2(a), H.
    Res. 5, Jan. 4, 2005, p. 42). Subparagraph (2) was amended in the 113th
    Congress to include general management of the department (sec. 2(c), H.
    Res. 5, Jan. 3, 2013, p. 26). Subparagraph (3) was amended in the 118th
    Congress to add functions of the Department of Homeland Security related
    to cybersecurity (sec. 2(m), H. Res. 5, Jan. 9, 2023, p. _). For debate
    (and material submitted during debate) that may edify the reader on the
    jurisdictional issues surrounding the new committee, see January 4,
    2005, pp. 60-62. The Speaker announced that the referral of measures in
    the 108th Congress to the Select Committee on Homeland Security would
    not constitute precedent for referral to this committee (Jan. 4, 2005,
    p. 71).

    Sec. 723b. Former Select Committees on Homeland
    Security.

      In the  107th Congress the House established a Select Committee on
    Homeland Security (H. Res. 449, June 19, 2002, p. 10722). Its mission
    was to develop recommendations on such matters that relate to the
    establishment of a department of homeland security as may be referred to
    it by the Speaker and on recommendations submitted to it by standing
    committees to which the Speaker referred a bill establishing the
    department and to report its recommendation to the House on such bill.
    It was terminated after final disposition of the specified bill (Nov.
    25, 2002, p. 23433). In the 108th Congress the House reestablished a
    Select Committee on Homeland Security (sec. 4, H. Res. 5, Jan. 7, 2003,
    p. 11). Its mission was to develop recommendations on such matters that
    relate to the Homeland Security Act of 2002 (P.L. 107-296) as may be
    referred to it by the Speaker; to conduct oversight of laws, programs,
    and Government activities relating to homeland security; to conduct a
    study of the operation and implementation of the Rules of the House,
    including rule X, with respect to homeland security; and to report its
    recommendations to the House by bill or otherwise on matters referred to
    it by the Speaker and to report its recommendations on changes to House
    rules to the Committee on Rules.

      (k) Committee on House Administration.

    [[Page 488]]

    Sec. 724. House Administration.

          (1)  Appropriations from
    accounts for committee salaries and expenses (except for the Committee
    on Appropriations); House Information Resources; and allowance and
    expenses of Members, Delegates, the Resident Commissioner, officers, and
    administrative offices of the House.

          (2) Auditing and settling of all accounts described in
    subparagraph (1).

          (3) Employment of persons by the House, including staff for
    Members, Delegates, the Resident Commissioner, and committees; and
    reporters of debates, subject to rule VI.

          (4) Except as provided in paragraph (r)(11), the Library of
    Congress, including management thereof; the House Library; statuary and
    pictures; acceptance or purchase of works of art for the Capitol; the
    Botanic Garden; and purchase of books and manuscripts.

          (5) The Smithsonian Institution and the incorporation of similar
    institutions (except as provided in paragraph (r)(11)).

          (6) Expenditure of accounts described in subparagraph (1).

          (7) House Communications Standards Commission.

          (8) Printing and correction of the Congressional Record.

          (9) Accounts of the House generally.

          (10) Assignment of office space for Members, Delegates, the
    Resident Commissioner, and committees.

          (11) Disposition of useless executive papers.

          (12) Election of the President, Vice President, Members, Senators,
    Delegates, or the Resident Commissioner; corrupt practices; contested
    elections; credentials and qualifications; and Federal elections
    generally.

    [[Page 489]]

    ministration of the House Office Buildings and of the House wing of the
    Capitol.
          (13) Services to the House, including the House Restaurant,
    parking facilities, and ad

          (14) Travel of Members, Delegates, and the Resident Commissioner.

          (15) Raising, reporting, and use of campaign contributions for
    candidates for office of Representative, of Delegate, and of Resident
    Commissioner.

          (16) Compensation, retirement, and other benefits of the Members,
    Delegates, the Resident Commissioner, officers, and employees of
    Congress.

      This committee was created as the Committee on House Administration on
    January 2, 1947, as a part of the Legislative Reorganization Act of 1946
    (60 Stat. 812), combining the Committees on Accounts (created in 1803)
    (IV, 4328), Enrolled Bills (created in 1789) (IV, 4350), Disposition of
    Executive Papers (created in 1889) (IV, 4419), Printing (created in
    1846), Elections (created in 1794 and divided into three committees in
    1895) (IV, 4019), Election of President, Vice President, and
    Representatives in Congress (created in 1893) (IV, 4299), and Memorials
    (created January 3, 1929, VII, 2080).

    [[Page 490]]

      The committee was redesignated as the Committee on House Oversight in
    the 104th Congress, obtaining from the former Committee on Post Office
    and Civil Service jurisdiction over the Franking Commission (now known
    as the House Communications Standards Commission) in subparagraph (7),
    while transferring to the Committee on Resources (now Natural Resources)
    jurisdiction over erection of monuments to the memory of individuals
    (sec. 202(a), H. Res. 6, Jan. 4, 1995, p. 464). References in
    subparagraphs (1) and (2) to the ``contingent fund'' were eliminated
    without changing the committee's jurisdiction over the accounts that the
    fund comprised. In the 105th Congress subparagraph (1) was amended to
    effect a technical correction (H. Res. 5, Jan. 7, 1997, p. 121). In the
    106th Congress the committee was redesignated House Administration, and
    the House recodified its rules to effect clerical and stylistic changes,
    including the deletion of a redundant undesignated recitation of general
    and special oversight functions (H. Res. 5, Jan. 6, 1999, p. 47). In the
    107th Congress the committee's responsibilities with respect to enrolled
    bills (which were set forth in former clause 4(d)(1)(A) of rule X) were
    transferred to the Clerk (see clause 2(d)(2) of rule II) (sec. 2(b), H.
    Res. 5, Jan. 3, 2001, p. 25). During the 118th Congress, subparagraph
    (7) was amended to conform with a recent name change in law (sec. 2, H.
    Res. 731, Dec. 5, 2023, p. _).

      The committee has jurisdiction over measures relating to the election
    of the President, Vice President, or Members of Congress; corrupt
    practices; contested elections; credentials and qualifications; Federal
    elections generally; and the electoral count, which formerly was within
    the jurisdiction of the Committee on Election of the President, Vice
    President, and Representatives in Congress (IV, 4303).

      The committee's former responsibility to report on Members' travel was
    supplanted by the function of providing policy direction to and
    oversight of the Clerk, Sergeant-at-Arms, Chief Administrative Officer,
    and Inspector General (sec. 10, H. Res. 423, Apr. 9, 1992, p. 9040; sec.
    201(e), H. Res. 6, Jan. 4, 1995, p. 463; see rule II and Sec. 752,
    infra). In the 107th Congress the committee retained the responsibility
    to provide policy direction to and oversight of the Inspector General
    but retained only oversight of the remaining officers (sec. 2(g), H.
    Res. 5, Jan. 3, 2001, p. 25) until the 114th Congress restored its
    function of providing policy direction to the Chief Administrative
    Officer (sec. 2(a)(3), H. Res. 5, Jan. 6, 2015, p. 34; see Sec. 754,
    infra).

    Sec. 725. House facilities.

      The  committee has jurisdiction
    over measures relating to the House Restaurant (2 U.S.C. 2041), which
    was first under the jurisdiction of the former Committee on Accounts,
    then under the supervision of the Architect of the Capitol (H. Res. 590,
    76th Cong., Sept. 5, 1940, p. 11552, as made permanent law by P.L. 76-
    812), and then the Select Committee on the House Restaurant (H. Res.
    472, 91st Cong., July 10, 1969, p. 19080; H. Res. 111, 93d Cong., Feb.
    7, 1973, p. 3680), which was not reestablished after the 93d Congress.

      By the Committee Reform Amendments of 1974, effective January 3, 1975,
    the committee obtained jurisdiction over parking facilities of the
    House, a matter formerly assigned to a select committee (subpara. (13))
    (H. Res. 988, 93d Cong., Oct. 8, 1974, p. 34470). In the 94th Congress
    the committee was given jurisdiction over campaign contributions to
    candidates for the House, a matter formerly within the jurisdiction of
    the Committee on Standards of Official Conduct (now Ethics) (subpara.
    (15)), and over compensation, retirement, and other benefits of Members,
    officers, and employees of Congress (subpara. (16)) (H. Res. 5, Jan. 14,
    1975, p. 20).

      The committee has jurisdiction over resolutions authorizing committees
    to employ additional professional and clerical personnel (Feb. 7, 1966,
    p. 2373). The committee has supervisory authority over the House barber
    shops, beauty shops, and House Information Resources.

    [[Page 491]]

    corporation of similar institutions. Excepted are measures relating to
    the construction or reconstruction, maintenance, and care of the
    buildings and grounds of the Botanic Gardens, the Library of Congress,
    and the Smithsonian Institution, which fall under the jurisdiction of
    the Committee on Transportation (now Transportation and Infrastructure).
    The House members of the Joint Committee on the Library, provided for by
    law (2 U.S.C. 132b), are elected by resolution each Congress.

    Sec. 727. Library.

      Under  the Reorganization Act the
    committee has jurisdiction over some of the subjects formerly within the
    jurisdiction of the Joint Committee on the Library, such as matters
    relating to the Library of Congress and the House Library, statuary and
    pictures, acceptance or purchase of works of art for the Capitol, the
    Botanic Gardens, management of the Library of Congress, purchase of
    books and manuscripts, matters relating to the Smithsonian Institution,
    and the in

    Sec. 728. Congressional Record.

      The  committee has
    jurisdiction over matters relating to printing and correction of the
    Congressional Record, formerly within the jurisdiction of the erstwhile
    Committee on Printing. The House members of the Joint Committee on
    Printing, provided for by law (44 U.S.C. 101), are elected by resolution
    each Congress.

      (l) Committee on the Judiciary.

    Sec. 729. Judiciary.

          (1)  The judiciary and judicial
    proceedings, civil and criminal.

          (2) Administrative practice and procedure.

          (3) Apportionment of Representatives.

          (4) Bankruptcy, mutiny, espionage, and counterfeiting.

          (5) Civil liberties.

          (6) Constitutional amendments.

          (7) Criminal law enforcement and criminalization.

          (8) Federal courts and judges, and local courts in the Territories
    and possessions.

          (9) Immigration policy and non-border enforcement.

          (10) Interstate compacts generally.

          (11) Claims against the United States.

          (12) Meetings of Congress; attendance of Members, Delegates, and
    the Resident Commissioner; and their acceptance of incompatible offices.

    [[Page 492]]

          (13) National penitentiaries.

          (14) Patents, the Patent and Trademark Office, copyrights, and
    trademarks.

          (15) Presidential succession.

          (16) Protection of trade and commerce against unlawful restraints
    and monopolies.

          (17) Revision and codification of the Statutes of the United
    States.

          (18) State and territorial boundary lines.

    Sec. 730. Internal Security.

          (19)  Subversive activities
    affecting the in-
    ternal security of the United States.

    [[Page 493]]

    dictional issues surrounding the creation of the Committee on Homeland
    Security, see January 4, 2005, pp. 60-62. In the 109th Congress the
    House added subparagraph (7) (sec. 2(a)(2), H. Res. 5, Jan. 4, 2005, p.
    42) and expanded it to include ``criminalization'' in the 114th Congress
    (sec. 2(a)(2)(A), H. Res. 5, Jan. 6, 2015, p. 34).
      This committee dates from 1813 (IV, 4054). The essential jurisdiction
    defined in the rule was made effective January 2, 1947, as a part of the
    Legislative Reorganization Act of 1946 (60 Stat. 812), and combined the
    Committees on Revision of Laws (created 1868, IV, 4293), Patents
    (created in 1837) (IV, 4254), Immigration and Naturalization (created in
    1893) (IV, 4309), Claims (created in 1794) (IV, 4262), and War Claims
    (created in 1883) (IV, 4269). By the Committee Reform Amendments of
    1974, effective January 3, 1975, the committee's jurisdiction over
    holidays and celebrations was transferred to the former Committee on
    Post Office and Civil Service (now Oversight and Government Reform) (H.
    Res. 988, 93d Cong., Oct. 8, 1974, p. 34470). In the 94th Congress the
    Committee on Internal Security was abolished and jurisdiction over
    communist and other subversive activities affecting the internal
    security of the United States was transferred to this committee
    (subpara. (18), now (19)) (H. Res. 5, Jan. 14, 1975, p. 20), though an
    accompanying provision for the transfer of records and staff of the
    Internal Security Committee to this committee was deleted as obsolete in
    the 95th Congress (H. Res. 5, Jan. 4, 1977, pp. 53-70), and the specific
    reference to communism was deleted as unnecessary in the 104th Congress
    (sec. 202(a), H. Res. 6, Jan. 4, 1995, p. 464). The 104th Congress also
    inserted ``the judiciary'' in subparagraph (1); added subparagraph (2)
    for clarification; combined former subparagraphs (6) and (9) in a new
    subparagraph (7) (now (8)); and combined former subparagraphs (13) and
    (14) in a new subparagraph (13) (now (14)) (sec. 202(a), H. Res. 6, Jan.
    4, 1995, p. 464). Clerical and stylistic changes were effected when the
    House recodified its rules in the 106th Congress, including an update of
    a reference to the Patent and Trademark Office (H. Res. 5, Jan. 6, 1999,
    p. 47). In the 109th Congress the House established the Committee on
    Homeland Security with jurisdiction over certain functions of the
    Department of Homeland Security that resulted in a conforming change to
    subparagraph (9) (sec. 2(a)(1), H. Res. 5, Jan. 4, 2005, p. 42). For
    debate (and material submitted during debate) that may edify the reader
    on the juris

      Under subparagraph (15) the committee has jurisdiction over
    Presidential nominations to fill vacancies in the Office of Vice
    President, submitted pursuant to the 25th amendment to the Constitution
    (Oct. 13, 1973, p. 34032; Aug. 20, 1974, p. 29366). The committee has
    reported Articles of Impeachment of the President (Aug. 20, 1974, pp.
    29219-81; Dec. 17, 1998, p. 27819; Dec. 15, 2019, p. _). If the House
    has voted to impeach, members of the committee have been appointed as
    managers on the part of the House in presenting the charges to the
    Senate for trial (H. Res. 501, 99th Cong., July 22, 1986, p. 17306; H.
    Res. 511, 100th Cong., Aug. 3, 1988, p. 20223; H. Res. 12, 101st Cong.,
    Jan. 3, 1989, p. 84; Dec. 19, 1998, p. 28112; Jan. 6, 1999, p. 15; H.
    Res. 798, Jan. 15, 2020, p. _; H. Res. 40, Jan. 13, 2021, p. _).

      The committee considers charges against judges of the Federal courts
    (IV, 4062), legislative propositions relating to the service of the
    Department of Justice (IV, 4067), bills relating to local courts in the
    District of Columbia, Alaska, and the territories (IV, 4068), the
    establishment of a court of patent appeals (IV, 4075), relations of
    labor to courts and corporations (IV, 4072), crimes, penalties,
    extradition (IV, 4069; VII, 1747), construction and management of
    national penitentiaries (IV, 4070), matters relating to trusts (VII,
    1764), claims of States against the United States (IV, 4080), general
    legislation relating to international and other claims (IV, 4078, 4079,
    4081), including measures extending the terms of members of the Foreign
    Claims Settlement Commission (Nov. 14, 1991, p. 32130), bills relating
    to the flag (IV, 4055), bankruptcy (IV, 4065), removal of political
    disabilities (IV, 4058), prohibition of traffic in intoxicating liquors
    (IV, 4061; VII, 1773), mutiny and willful destruction of vessels (IV,
    4145), counterfeiting (IV, 4071; VII, 1753), settlement of State and
    territorial boundary lines (VII, 1768), meeting of Congress and
    attendance of Members and their acceptance of incompatible offices (IV,
    4077).

      The committee also has jurisdiction over joint resolutions proposing
    amendments to the Constitution (IV, 4056; VII, 1779). Although the
    committee has historically exercised jurisdiction over lobbying
    activities, the Committee on Standards of Official Conduct (now Ethics)
    was assigned such jurisdiction during a brief period (H. Res. 1031, 91st
    Cong., July 8, 1970, p. 23141; H. Res. 5, 94th Cong., Jan. 14, 1975, p.
    20).

    [[Page 494]]

    providing worker's compensation for non-Federal firefighters killed
    during civil disorder (May 6, 1968, p. 11798) or to non-Federal
    policemen and firemen (Dec. 12, 1975, p. 40204), authorizing the
    Attorney General to consent to a modification of a certain trust on
    behalf of the Library of Congress (Aug. 17, 1959, p. 16051), amending an
    omnibus pension act to increase the amount of pension granted a certain
    class of persons (Feb. 15, 1960, p. 2523), and imposing criminal
    sanctions under the Controlled Substances Act (Nov. 14, 1983, p. 32457).
    The committee has sole jurisdiction over the Legal Services Corporation
    (Nov. 19, 1975, p. 37288). The committee has exercised jurisdiction,
    with the Committee on Education and Labor (now Education and Workforce),
    over bills to amend the Walsh-Healey Act regarding hours of work under
    government contracts (May 15, 1985, p. 11946). This committee, and not
    the Committee on Public Works and Transportation (now Transportation and
    Infrastructure), exercised jurisdiction over a bill extending the
    authority for the Marshal of the Supreme Court and the Supreme Court
    Police to protect the Chief Justice, Associate Justices, officers, and
    employees of the Supreme Court beyond its building and grounds (Nov. 22,
    1993, p. 32074). The Committee on Oversight and Government Reform, and
    not this committee, has jurisdiction over pay adjustments for
    administrative law judges (July 31, 1991, p. 20677; June 10, 1999, p.
    12435). The Committee on Natural Resources, and not this committee, has
    jurisdiction over a bill to designate an immigration museum within a
    facility of the National Park Service (July 8, 2004, p. 5348).

      The committee also has jurisdiction over bills regulating the
    authority of States to impose taxes on interstate commerce (June 18,
    1959, p. 11317), imposing conflict of interest standards and civil and
    criminal penalties relating thereto on government employees (Feb. 25,
    1960, p. 3484), establishing an academy of criminal justice (Apr. 5,
    1965, p. 6822), eliminating racketeering in the interstate sale of
    cigarettes (Feb. 9, 1972, p. 3429),

      (m) Committee on Natural Resources.

    Sec. 731. Natural Resources.

          (1)  Fisheries and wildlife,
    including research, restoration, refuges, and conservation.

          (2) Forest reserves and national parks created from the public
    domain.

          (3) Forfeiture of land grants and alien ownership, including alien
    ownership of mineral lands.

          (4) Geological Survey.

          (5) International fishing agreements.

          (6) Interstate compacts relating to apportionment of waters for
    irrigation purposes.

    [[Page 495]]

    easements of public lands for irrigation projects; and acquisition of
    private lands when necessary to complete irrigation projects.
          (7) Irrigation and reclamation, including water supply for
    reclamation projects and

          (8) Native Americans generally, including the care and allotment
    of Native American lands and general and special measures relating to
    claims that are paid out of Native American funds.

          (9) Insular areas of the United States generally (except those
    affecting the revenue and appropriations).

          (10) Military parks and battlefields, national cemeteries
    administered by the Secretary of the Interior, parks within the District
    of Columbia, and the erection of monuments to the memory of individuals.

          (11) Mineral land laws and claims and entries thereunder.

          (12) Mineral resources of public lands.

          (13) Mining interests generally.

          (14) Mining schools and experimental stations.

          (15) Marine affairs, including coastal zone management (except for
    measures relating to oil and other pollution of navigable waters).

          (16) Oceanography.

          (17) Petroleum conservation on public lands and conservation of
    the radium supply in the United States.

          (18) Preservation of prehistoric ruins and objects of interest on
    the public domain.

    [[Page 496]]

          (19) Public lands generally, including entry, easements, and
    grazing thereon.

          (20) Relations of the United States with Native Americans and
    Native American tribes.

          (21) Trans-Alaska Oil Pipeline (except ratemaking).

      The Committee on Public Lands was created in 1805 (IV, 4194). Its name
    has since been changed to Interior and Insular Affairs (Feb. 2, 1951, p.
    883); to Natural Resources (H. Res. 5, Jan. 5, 1993, p. 49); to
    Resources (sec. 202(a), H. Res. 6, Jan. 4, 1995, p. 464); and back to
    Natural Resources (sec. 214(a), H. Res. 6, Jan. 4, 2007, p. 19).

      The core of the jurisdiction reflected in this paragraph was assigned
    to the committee effective January 2, 1947, as a part of the Legislative
    Reorganization Act of 1946 (60 Stat. 812), which consolidated in this
    committee the jurisdictions of the former Committees on Mines and Mining
    (created in 1865) (IV, 4223), Insular Affairs (created in 1899) (IV,
    4213), Irrigation and Reclamation (created in 1893) (IV, 4307), Indian
    Affairs (created in 1821) (IV, 4204), and Territories (created in 1825)
    (IV, 4208), though vesting the subject of welfare of miners, formerly
    under the jurisdiction of the Committee on Mines and Mining, in the
    Committee on Education and Labor (now Education and Workforce). Until
    the Reorganization Act, military parks, battlefields, and national
    cemeteries were under the jurisdiction of the Committee on Military
    Affairs. Jurisdiction over cemeteries of the United States in which
    veterans may be buried, except those administered by the Secretary of
    the Interior, was transferred to the Committee on Veterans' Affairs in
    the 90th Congress (H. Res. 241, Oct. 20, 1967).

      In the Committee Reform Amendments of 1974, effective January 3, 1975,
    the committee gained jurisdiction over parks within the District of
    Columbia, formerly within the jurisdiction of the Committee on Public
    Works and Transportation (now Transportation and Infrastructure)
    (subpara. (10)), and lost specific jurisdiction over Indian education
    and over Hawaii and Alaska, generally (H. Res. 988, 93d Cong., Oct. 8,
    1974, p. 34470). By that same resolution, the committee was given
    special oversight functions in clause 3.

    [[Page 497]]

    and which it shared with the Committee on Energy and Commerce, to the
    Committee on Energy and Commerce (sec. 202(a), H. Res. 6, Jan. 4, 1995,
    p. 464). At the same time, the statements of special oversight functions
    formerly found in this paragraph and in former paragraph (e) of this
    clause were adjusted to reflect the transfer of nonmilitary nuclear
    energy and research and development, including disposal of nuclear
    waste, from this committee to the Committee on Energy and Commerce,
    though conforming changes in former paragraphs (e) and (h) of clause 3
    were inadvertently omitted. The 113th Congress amended subparagraph (9)
    by changing ``insular possessions'' to ``insular areas'' (sec. 2(c), H.
    Res. 5, Jan. 3, 2013, p. 26). Clerical and stylistic changes were
    effected when the House recodified its rules in the 106th Congress, (H.
    Res. 5, Jan. 6, 1999, p. 47).
      The 104th Congress expanded the jurisdiction of the committee by:
    adding subparagraphs (1), (5), (15), and (16) to reflect the transfer of
    those matters from the former Committee on Merchant Marine and
    Fisheries; inserting the subject of monuments in memory of individuals
    in subparagraph (10) to reflect the transfer of that matter from the
    Committee on House Administration; adding subparagraph (21), an
    exceptional treatment of pipeline jurisdiction otherwise vested in the
    Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure; and deleting the subject
    of regulation of the domestic nuclear energy industry to reflect the
    transfer of that jurisdiction, which this committee had acquired when
    the 95th Congress abolished the Joint Committee on Atomic Energy (H.
    Res. 5, Jan. 4, 1977, pp. 53-70)

    [[Page 498]]

    Committee on Agriculture, and not this committee, has jurisdiction over
    the designation of an agricultural research center (May 14, 1996, p.
    11070). The Committee on Education and Workforce, and not this
    committee, has jurisdiction over a bill amending the Native American
    Programs Act of 1974 (an Indian education matter) (Oct. 30, 1997, p.
    23967). This committee, and not the Committee on Agriculture, has
    jurisdiction over a bill to convey land that is part of a National
    Forest created from the public domain (Mar. 23, 2004, p. 4926). This
    committee, and not the Committee on the Judiciary, has jurisdiction over
    a bill to designate an immigration museum within a facility of the
    National Park Service (July 8, 2004, p. 14755). This committee, and not
    the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure, has jurisdiction
    over a bill addressing a federal water project operated by the Bureau of
    Reclamation (June 25, 2007, p. 17128).
      The committee reports on subjects relating to the mineral resources of
    the public lands (IV, 4202), forfeiture of land grants and alien
    ownership (IV, 4201), validation of certain conveyances of erstwhile
    public lands by a railway company (July 11, 1995, p. 18397), public
    lands of Alaska (IV, 4196), forest reserves created out of the public
    domain (IV, 4197, 4199), including measures relating to criminal
    trespass provisions applying only within national forests created from
    the public domain (July 18, 1977, p. 23434); admission of States (IV,
    4208); preservation of prehistoric ruins and objects of interest on the
    public domain (IV, 4199); and various classes of land claims (IV, 4203).
    The committee also has jurisdiction over the following bills: to dispose
    of proceeds from oil shale on public lands (other than naval oil shale
    reserves) (Aug. 3, 1967, p. 21179); to exclude certain lands in the
    Outer Continental Shelf from mineral leasing provisions of the Outer
    Continental Shelf Lands Act (May 16, 1963, p. 8777); to reinstate a U.S.
    oil and gas lease (Aug. 5, 1959, p. 15190); to address U.S. claims to
    lands along the Colorado River forming State boundaries (June 28, 1967,
    p. 17738); to designate national forest lands created from the public
    domain as wilderness (May 6, 1969, p. 11459); to include additional
    units in the Missouri River Basin project (Sept. 8, 1959, p. 18587); to
    establish a commission on development of Pennsylvania Avenue in D.C. as
    a national historic site (Oct. 21, 1965, p. 27803); to authorize the
    Secretary of the Interior to conduct a feasibility investigation of
    potential water resource development (May 1, 1975, p. 12764); to
    establish a commission to consider the creation of a (Hudson) River
    compact (July 21, 1975, p. 23653); to name a building constructed as
    part of a Federal recreation area (June 8, 1988, p. 13803); to address
    the siting on Federal park land of an established national memorial
    (Sept. 24, 1991, p. 23731); (with the Committee on Agriculture) to
    exchange a Federal tree nursery for certain State mining patents
    touching a public domain (western) forest (Sept. 17, 1991, p. 23193);
    and to transfer interest in a National Oceanic and Atmospheric
    Administration fisheries research laboratory (Oct. 1, 2002, p. 18796).
    The Committee on National Security (now Armed Services), and not this
    committee, has jurisdiction over the transfer of military property to a
    State to be designated by the State as a wilderness area (Nov. 15, 1995,
    p. 32627). The

      The authority of the committee to report as privileged bills for the
    forfeiture of land grants to railroad and other corporations, preventing
    speculation in the public lands, for the preservation of the public
    lands for the benefit of actual and bona fide settlers, and for the
    admission of new States was eliminated in the Committee Reform
    Amendments of 1974, effective January 3, 1975 (H. Res. 988, 93d Cong.,
    Oct. 8, 1974, p. 34470).

      (n) Committee on Oversight and Government Reform.

    Sec. 732. Oversight and Government Reform.

          (1)  Federal
    civil service, including intergovernmental personnel; and the status of
    officers and employees of the United States, including their
    compensation, classification, and retirement.

          (2) Municipal affairs of the District of Columbia in general
    (other than appropriations).

          (3) Federal paperwork reduction.

          (4) Government management and accounting measures generally.

          (5) Holidays and celebrations.

          (6) Overall economy, efficiency, and management of government
    operations and activities, including Federal procurement.

          (7) National archives.

    [[Page 499]]

          (8) Population and demography generally, including the Census.

          (9) Postal service generally, including transportation of the
    mails.

          (10) Public information and records.

          (11) Relationship of the Federal Government to the States and
    municipalities generally.

          (12) Reorganizations in the executive branch of the Government.

      In the 82d Congress the name of this committee was changed from
    Expenditures in the Executive Departments to Government Operations (July
    3, 1952, p. 9217). In the 104th Congress it was changed to Government
    Reform and Oversight (sec. 202(a), H. Res. 6, Jan. 4, 1995, p. 464), in
    the 106th Congress to Government Reform (H. Res. 5, Jan. 6, 1999, p.
    47), in the 110th Congress to Oversight and Government Reform (sec.
    215(a), H. Res. 6, Jan. 4, 2007, p. 19), in the 116th Congress to
    Oversight and Reform (sec. 102(f), H. Res. 6, Jan. 3, 2019, p. _), in
    the 118th Congress to Oversight and Accountability (sec. 2(j), H. Res.
    5, Jan. 9, 2023, p. _), and in the 119th Congress to Oversight and
    Government Reform (sec. 2(d), H. Res. 5, Jan. 3, 2025, p. _). The former
    Committee on Expenditures in the Executive Departments was established
    December 5, 1927 (VII, 2041), and took the place of 11 separate
    committees on expenditures in the several executive departments. The
    first of these committees was established in 1816, and others were added
    as new departments were created (IV, 4315). They reported bills relating
    to the efficiency and integrity of the public service (IV, 4320) and
    creation and abolition of offices (IV, 4318).

    [[Page 500]]

    transferred to the Committee on the Budget. Three rereferrals from this
    committee to the Committee on the Budget marked this migration of off-
    budget treatment jurisdiction: (1) the Committee on the Budget has
    primary jurisdiction over a bill excluding from the budget the Civil
    Service Retirement and Disability Fund (although this committee retains
    programmatic jurisdiction over that Fund); (2) the Committee on the
    Budget has primary jurisdiction over a bill excluding from the budget
    the Highway Trust Fund, the Airport and Airway Trust Fund, the Inland
    Waterways Trust Fund, and the Harbor Maintenance Trust Fund (although
    the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure retains programmatic
    jurisdiction); and (3) the Committee on the Budget has additional
    jurisdiction over a bill amending title 49 of the United States Code and
    providing off-budget treatment for the Highway Trust Fund, the Airport
    and Airway Trust Fund, the Inland Waterways Trust Fund, and the Harbor
    Maintenance Trust Fund (Dec. 6, 1995, p. 35572). The committee was also
    released from jurisdiction over measures relating to exemptions from
    executive orders sequestering budget authority, which had been added by
    the Budget Enforcement Act of 1990 (tit. XIII, P.L. 101-508). In the
    105th Congress any residual jurisdiction over budget process was
    transferred to the Committee on the Budget (H. Res. 5, Jan. 7, 1997, p.
    121). In the 104th Congress the committee was also given the
    responsibility to consider and report recommendations concerning
    alternatives to commemorative legislation, although no such report was
    made to the House (sec. 216(b), H. Res. 6, Jan. 4, 1995, p. 468).
    Clerical and stylistic changes were effected when the House recodified
    its rules in the 106th Congress, including the deletion of a redundant
    undesignated recitation of general and special oversight functions (H.
    Res. 5, Jan. 6, 1999, p. 47).
      In addition to the jurisdiction vested in the committee by the
    Legislative Reorganization Act of 1946 (60 Stat. 812), the Committee
    Reform Amendments of 1974, effective January 3, 1975, assigned the
    committee jurisdiction over measures relating to the overall economy and
    efficiency of Government operations and activities, including Federal
    procurement, intergovernmental relationships, and general revenue
    sharing (the latter from the Committee on Ways and Means was stricken
    from the jurisdictional statement of this committee in the 104th
    Congress (sec. 202(a), H. Res. 6, Jan. 4, 1995, p. 464)), and the
    National Archives (from the former Committee on Post Office and Civil
    Service) (H. Res. 988, 93d Cong., Oct. 8, 1974, p. 34470). In the 104th
    Congress (sec. 202(a), H. Res. 6, Jan. 4, 1995, p. 464), the committee
    assumed the jurisdictions of the former Committee on the District of
    Columbia (subpara. (2)) and the former Committee on Post Office and
    Civil Service except that relating to the House Communications Standards
    Commission (subparas. (1), (5), (8), and (9)); and subparagraphs (3) and
    (10) were added to clarify existing jurisdiction. At the same time the
    committee's jurisdiction over measures relating to off-budget treatment
    of agencies or programs, which had been added by the Balanced Budget and
    Emergency Deficit Control Act of 1985 (P.L. 99-177), was

    [[Page 501]]

    explicitly waiving the Federal Property and Administrative Services Act
    and directing the Administrator of General Services to convey excess
    real property (Oct. 2, 1998, p. 23186). This committee, and not the
    Committee on the Judiciary, has jurisdiction over a bill authorizing a
    pay adjustment for administrative law judges (July 31, 1991, p. 20677;
    June 10, 1999, p. 12435).
      The committee has exercised jurisdiction over bills: waiving
    Reorganization Plans to establish the Rural Electrification
    Administration as an independent agency and transferring certain
    functions thereto (Mar. 19, 1959, p. 4692); establishing a Commission on
    Population Growth (Sept. 23, 1969, p. 26568); establishing a Cabinet
    Committee on Opportunities for Spanish-Speaking Americans (Nov. 24,
    1969, p. 35509); providing payment of travel costs for Federal
    employment applicants (Feb. 15, 1967, p. 3466); and a bill to rename an
    existing post office building (Aug. 4, 1995, p. 22085; Oct. 1, 1998, p.
    22933), even if the post office building also houses a courthouse (Sept.
    14, 2000, p. 18054). The Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure,
    and not this committee, has jurisdiction over a measure redesignating a
    general-purpose Federal building as a post office (Apr. 24, 1997, p.
    22085). The committee has exercised jurisdiction over countercyclical
    programs of revenue-sharing grants to State and local governments, such
    as that contained in Title II of the Public Works Employment Act of 1976
    (Feb. 1, 1977, p. 3057). The committee shares jurisdiction over a bill
    to facilitate the reorganization of an agency by instituting a
    separation pay program to encourage eligible employees to voluntarily
    resign or retire (Aug. 2, 1993, p. 18161). The committee has
    jurisdiction over a bill

      The specific subpoena authority conferred upon the committee in the
    standing rules on February 10, 1947 (p. 942) was superseded by the
    general conferral of subpoena authority on all committees in clause 2(m)
    of rule XI. The committee may authorize the taking of depositions
    pursuant to subpoena under the standing rules (clause 4(c)(3)) or under
    a separate order (see, e.g., sec. 3(t), H. Res. 5, Jan. 3, 2025, p. _).
    By the Committee Reform Amendments of 1974, effective January 3, 1975,
    the committee was given the general function under clause 4(c)(1) of
    examining and reporting upon reports of the Comptroller General,
    evaluating laws reorganizing the legislative and executive branches, and
    studying intergovernmental relationships domestically and with
    international organizations to which the United States belongs (H. Res.
    988, 93d Cong., Oct. 8, 1974, p. 34470). Under section 2954 of title 5,
    United States Code, an executive agency, if so requested by this
    committee or any seven members thereof, shall submit any information
    requested of it relating to any matter within the jurisdiction of the
    committee. In the 118th and 119th Congresses, the House required that
    the chair of the Committee on Oversight and Government Reform be
    included as one of the seven members of the committee when making a
    request under such provision (sec. 3(i), H. Res. 5, Jan. 9, 2023, p. _;
    sec. 3(s), H. Res. 5, Jan. 3, 2025, p. _).

      (o) Committee on Rules.

    Sec. 733. Rules.

          (1)  Rules and joint rules (other than
    those relating to the Code of Official Conduct) and the order of
    business of the House.

          (2) Recesses and final adjournments of Congress.

    [[Page 502]]

    though the committee had authority to sit during sessions of the House
    since 1893 (IV, 4546). Effective January 3, 1975, however, the authority
    for all committees to sit and act whether the House is in session or has
    adjourned rendered this provision obsolete (H. Res. 988, 93d Cong., Oct.
    8, 1974, p. 34470).
      This committee, which had existed as a select committee from 1789,
    became a standing committee in 1880 (IV, 4321; VII, 2047). The
    jurisdiction defined in this paragraph became effective January 2, 1947,
    as a part of the Legislative Reorganization Act of 1946 (60 Stat. 812).
    Clerical and stylistic changes were effected when the House recodified
    its rules in the 106th Congress, including the deletion of a redundant
    undesignated paragraph permitting the committee to sit during sessions
    of the House (H. Res. 5, Jan. 6, 1999, p. 47). That undesignated
    paragraph, originally designated as subparagraph (3) (H. Res. 5, Jan. 5,
    1993, p. 49), was derived from section 134(c) of the Legislative
    Reorganization Act of 1946, even

      The Speaker was first made a member of the committee in 1858 (IV,
    4321), and ceased to be a member on March 19, 1910 (VII, 2047). However,
    the Legislative Reorganization Act of 1946 deleted from the former rule
    the prohibition against the Speaker serving on the committee. The size
    of the committee was increased from 12 to 15 members for the 87th
    Congress (Jan. 31, 1961, p. 1589), and the increase in the committee's
    size was incorporated as a part of the rules in the 88th Congress (Jan.
    9, 1963, p. 14). Effective January 3, 1975, however, the rules were
    amended to eliminate prescriptions of committee sizes (H. Res. 988, 93d
    Cong., Oct. 8, 1974, p. 34470), and in the 94th through the 98th
    Congresses 16 Members were named to the committee on nominations from
    the respective party caucuses (see, e.g., H. Res. 76, Jan. 20, 1975, p.
    803; H. Res. 101, Jan. 28, 1975, p. 1611), and in the 99th through 101st
    Congresses, 13 Members were so named to the committee (see, e.g., H.
    Res. 34, 35, Jan. 30, 1985, pp. 1271, 1273).

      The subject of recesses and adjournments was formerly under the
    jurisdiction of the Committee on Ways and Means. In section 402(b) of
    the Congressional Budget Act of 1974 (P.L. 93-344, July 12, 1974), the
    committee was given specific authority to report emergency waivers of
    the required reporting date for bills and resolutions authorizing new
    budget authority. That authority was incorporated into this rule,
    effective January 3, 1975 (H. Res. 988, 93d Cong., Oct. 8, 1974, p.
    34470), but was repealed as obsolete in the 102d Congress (H. Res. 5,
    Jan. 3, 1991, p. 39). Jurisdiction over rules relating to official
    conduct and financial disclosure was transferred to the Committee on
    Standards of Official Conduct (now Ethics) on April 3, 1968 (H. Res.
    1099, 90th Cong.), but in the 95th Congress, jurisdiction over rules
    relating to financial disclosure by Members, officers, and employees of
    the House was returned to this committee (H. Res. 5, Jan. 4, 1977, pp.
    53-70).

    [[Page 503]]

    and the Committee on the Budget to clarify each committee's jurisdiction
    over the congressional budget process (Jan. 4, 1995, p. 617). The
    Committee on the Budget has primary jurisdiction, and this committee has
    additional jurisdiction, over a bill amending the Budget Act to
    establish new legislative points of order and directing that the
    President include a specified matter in the budget (Feb. 13, 2001, p.
    1817).

      The jurisdiction of this committee is primarily over propositions to
    make or change the rules (V, 6770, 6776; VII, 2047), to create
    committees (IV, 4322; VII, 2048), and to direct them to make
    investigations (IV, 4322-4324; VII, 2048). Effective January 3, 1975,
    however, the authority for all committees to conduct investigations and
    studies was made a part of the standing rules (clause 1(b) of rule XI),
    as was the authority to issue subpoenas (clause 2(m) of rule XI) (H.
    Res. 988, 93d Cong., Oct. 8, 1974, p. 34470). The committee also reports
    resolutions relating to the hour of daily meeting and the days on which
    the House shall sit (IV, 4325), and orders relating to the use of the
    galleries during the electoral count (IV, 4327). The chair of the
    Committee on the Budget inserted in the Congressional Record a
    memorandum of understanding between this committee

    Sec. 734. Special orders of business.

      Since  1883 the
    Committee on Rules has reported special orders providing times and
    methods for consideration of individual measures or classes of measures,
    thereby enabling the House by majority vote to forward particular
    legislation, instead of being forced to use for this purpose the motion
    to suspend the rules, which requires a two-thirds vote (IV, 3152; V,
    6870; for forms of, IV, 3238-3263).

      Special orders may still be made by suspension of the rules (IV, 3154)
    or by unanimous consent (IV, 3165, 3166; VII, 758); but it is not in
    order to provide that a subject be made a special order by way of a
    motion to postpone to a day certain (IV, 3164). Before the adoption of
    rules, and consequently before there is a rule as to the order of
    business, the Speaker may recognize a Member to offer for immediate
    consideration a special order providing for the consideration in the
    House of a subsequent resolution to adopt rules for the new Congress
    (Precedents (Wickham), ch. 1, Sec. 6.10; H. Res. 5, Jan. 4, 2007, p. 7;
    H. Res. 5, Jan. 3, 2019, p. _). A special order reported by the
    Committee on Rules must be agreed to by a majority vote of the House
    (IV, 3169).

      It is not in order to move to postpone a special order providing for
    the consideration of a class of bills (V, 4958), but a bill that comes
    before the House by the terms of a special order merely assigning the
    day for its consideration may be postponed by a majority vote (IV, 3177-
    3182). A motion to rescind a special order is not privileged under the
    rules regulating the order of business (IV, 3173, 3174; V, 5323).

      A motion to amend the Rules of the House does not present a question
    of privilege (VIII, 3377, overruling VIII, 3376; see also Sec. 706,
    supra), and it is not in order by raising a question of the privileges
    of the House under rule IX to move to direct the Committee on Rules to
    consider a request to report a special order of business (Speaker
    Albert, June 27, 1974, p. 21599), or to direct the Committee on Rules to
    meet, to elect a temporary chair (in the temporary absence of the chair)
    and consider special orders of business (Speaker Albert, July 31, 1975,
    p. 26250).

    [[Page 504]]

      For further discussion of the Committee on Rules, see Sec. Sec. 857-
    863, infra.

      (p) Committee on Science, Space, and Technology.

    Sec. 735. Science, Space, and Technology.

          (1)  All energy
    research, development, and demonstration, and projects therefor, and all
    federally owned or operated nonmilitary energy laboratories.

          (2) Astronautical research and development, including resources,
    personnel, equipment, and facilities.

          (3) Civil aviation research and development.

          (4) Environmental research and development.

          (5) Marine research.

          (6) Commercial application of energy technology.

          (7) National Institute of Standards and Technology,
    standardization of weights and measures, and the metric system.

          (8) National Aeronautics and Space Administration.

          (9) National Space Council.

          (10) National Science Foundation.

          (11) National Weather Service.

          (12) Outer space, including exploration and control thereof.

          (13) Science scholarships.

          (14) Scientific research, development, and demonstration, and
    projects therefor.

    [[Page 505]]

    14513). By the Committee Reform Amendments of 1974, effective January 3,
    1975, the committee was redesignated as the Committee on Science and
    Technology and given additional jurisdiction over civil aviation
    research and development, environmental research and development,
    nonnuclear energy research and development, and the National Weather
    Service (now part of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric
    Administration) (H. Res. 988, 93d Cong., Oct. 8, 1974, p. 34470). At the
    same time the committee was given the general and special oversight
    functions set forth in clause 2(b) and former clause 3(f) (current
    clause 3(k)). When the House abolished the Joint Committee on Atomic
    Energy in the 95th Congress, this committee was given jurisdiction over
    nuclear research and development as well (H. Res. 5, Jan. 4, 1977, pp.
    53-70). Its jurisdiction over energy research and development (now
    subpara. (1)) was amended in the 96th Congress, effective January 3,
    1981, to specifically include energy demonstration projects and
    federally owned nonmilitary energy laboratories (H. Res. 549, Mar. 25,
    1980, pp. 6405-10). In the 100th Congress, the committee was
    redesignated as the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology (H. Res.
    5, Jan. 6, 1987, p. 6). In the 103d Congress the jurisdictional
    statement of the committee was updated to reflect the renaming of
    executive branch entities (H. Res. 5, Jan. 5, 1993, p. 49). The 104th
    Congress renamed the committee as the Committee on Science and expanded
    its jurisdiction by adding subparagraph (5), from the former Committee
    on Merchant Marine and Fisheries, and subparagraph (6), from the
    Committee on Energy and Commerce (sec. 202(a), H. Res. 6, Jan. 4, 1995,
    p. 464). Clerical and stylistic changes were effected when the House
    recodified its rules in the 106th Congress, including the deletion of a
    redundant undesignated recitation of general and special oversight
    functions (H. Res. 5, Jan. 6, 1999, p. 47). The 110th Congress renamed
    the committee as the Committee on Science and Technology (sec. 216(a),
    H. Res. 6, Jan. 4, 2007, p. 19) and the 112th Congress redesignated it
    the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology (sec. 2(e)(9), H. Res.
    5, Jan. 5, 2011, p. 80).
      The standing Committee on Science and Astronautics was established in
    the 85th Congress and given jurisdiction formerly vested in a Select
    Committee on Astronautics and Space Exploration established a few months
    earlier (Mar. 5, 1958, p. 3443), as well as the former jurisdiction of
    the Committee on Interstate and Foreign Commerce (now Energy and
    Commerce) over the Bureau of Standards (now the National Institute of
    Standards and Technology) and science scholarships (July 21, 1958, p.

    [[Page 506]]

    tion over a bill transferring interest in a National Oceanic and
    Atmospheric Administration fisheries research laboratory (Oct. 1, 2002,
    p. 18796).

      The committee has jurisdiction over proposals dealing with U.S.
    participation in the World Science Pan-Pacific Exposition (June 24,
    1959, p. 11810); over a resolution condemning Soviet Union internal
    exile of an individual, and recommending that Government agencies
    including NASA, the National Bureau of Standards and the National
    Science Foundation defer official travel to that country (Jan. 30, 1980,
    p. 1320); with the Committees on Armed Services and Interior and Insular
    Affairs (now Natural Resources), over bills to test the commercial
    viability of oil shale technologies within the naval oil shale reserves
    or on other public lands (Sept. 26, 1978, p. 31623); and with four other
    committees over a bill coordinating Federal agencies' research into
    ground water contamination, including that done by the Environmental
    Protection Agency (Mar. 15, 1989, p. 4163). The Committee on Natural
    Resources, and not this committee, has jurisdic

      (q) Committee on Small Business.

    Sec. 736. Small Business.

          (1)  Assistance to and
    protection of small business, including financial aid, regulatory
    flexibility, and paperwork reduction.

          (2) Participation of small-business enterprises in Federal
    procurement and Government contracts.

      A Select Committee on Small Business was first established in the 77th
    Congress (H. Res. 294, pp. 9418-28) and was reconstituted each Congress
    thereafter by resolution reported from the Committee on Rules until made
    permanent in the 92d Congress (H. Res. 5, Jan. 22, 1971, p. 144).

      The Committee Reform Amendments of 1974 established a standing
    Committee on Small Business, effective January 3, 1975, and vested it
    with legislative jurisdiction formerly held by the Committee on Banking
    and Currency (now Financial Services) (subpara. (1)) and the Committee
    on the Judiciary (subpara. (2)) (H. Res. 988, 93d Cong., Oct. 8, 1974,
    p. 34470). At the same time the general and special oversight functions
    were set forth in clause 2(b) and in former clause 3(g) (current clause
    3(l)). The 104th Congress expanded the jurisdiction of the committee
    over assistance to and protection of small business by inserting the
    references to regulatory flexibility and paperwork reduction in
    subparagraph (1) (sec. 202(a), H. Res. 6, Jan. 4, 1995, p. 464; see also
    Feb. 9, 1995, p. 4328) and later effected a technical correction (H.
    Res. 254, Nov. 30, 1995, p. 35077). Clerical and stylistic changes were
    effected when the House recodified its rules in the 106th Congress,
    including the deletion of a redundant undesignated recitation of general
    and special oversight functions (H. Res. 5, Jan. 6, 1999, p. 47).

      (r) Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure.

    Sec. 739. Transportation and Infrastructure.

          (1)  Coast
    Guard, including lifesaving service, lighthouses, lightships, ocean
    derelicts, and the Coast Guard Academy.

    [[Page 507]]

          (2) Federal management of emergencies and natural disasters.

          (3) Flood control and improvement of rivers and harbors.

          (4) Inland waterways.

          (5) Inspection of merchant marine vessels, lights and signals,
    lifesaving equipment, and fire protection on such vessels.

          (6) Navigation and laws relating thereto, including pilotage.

          (7) Registering and licensing of vessels and small boats.

          (8) Rules and international arrangements to prevent collisions at
    sea.

          (9) The Capitol Building and the Senate and House Office
    Buildings.

          (10) Construction or maintenance of roads and post roads (other
    than appropriations therefor).

          (11) Construction or reconstruction, maintenance, and care of
    buildings and grounds of the Botanic Garden, the Library of Congress,
    and the Smithsonian Institution.

          (12) Merchant marine (except for national security aspects
    thereof).

          (13) Purchase of sites and construction of post offices,
    customhouses, Federal courthouses, and Government buildings within the
    District of Columbia.

          (14) Oil and other pollution of navigable waters, including
    inland, coastal, and ocean waters.

    [[Page 508]]

          (15) Marine affairs, including coastal zone management, as they
    relate to oil and other pollution of navigable waters.

          (16) Public buildings and occupied or improved grounds of the
    United States generally.

          (17) Public works for the benefit of navigation, including bridges
    and dams (other than international bridges and dams).

          (18) Related transportation regulatory agencies (except the
    Transportation Security Administration).

          (19) Roads and the safety thereof.

          (20) Transportation, including civil aviation, railroads, water
    transportation, transportation safety (except automobile safety and
    transportation security functions of the Department of Homeland
    Security), transportation infrastructure, transportation labor, and
    railroad retirement and unemployment (except revenue measures related
    thereto).

          (21) Water power.

    [[Page 509]]

    mittee on Energy and Commerce; and adding subparagraph (2) and inserting
    the reference to inland, coastal, and ocean waters in subparagraph (14),
    as clarifying consolidations of formerly fractionalized subjects (sec.
    202(a), H. Res. 6, Jan. 4, 1995, p. 464). Clerical and stylistic changes
    were effected when the House recodified its rules in the 106th Congress.
    The 106th Congress also adopted a substantive amendment to this
    provision deleting the prohibition against including a provision for a
    specific road in a bill providing for another specific road or in a
    general road bill (H. Res. 5, Jan. 6, 1999, p. 47). In the 109th
    Congress the House established the Committee on Homeland Security (sec.
    2(a), H. Res. 5, Jan. 4, 2005, p. 42). The new committee was given
    jurisdiction over certain functions of the Department of Homeland
    Security that resulted in two conforming changes to this paragraph. For
    debate (and material submitted during debate) that may edify the reader
    on the jurisdictional issues surrounding the creation of that committee,
    see January 4, 2005, pp. 60-62.
      The committee was created effective January 2, 1947, as a part of the
    Legislative Reorganization Act of 1946 (60 Stat. 812), combining the
    Committees on Flood Control (created in 1916) (VII, 2069), Public
    Buildings and Grounds (created in 1837) (IV, 4231), Rivers and Harbors
    (created in 1883) (IV, 4118)), and Roads (created in 1913) (VII, 2065).
    The authority of the committee to report as privileged bills authorizing
    the improvement of rivers and harbors was eliminated by the Committee
    Reform Amendments of 1974, effective January 3, 1975 (H. Res. 988, 93d
    Cong., Oct. 8, 1974, p. 34470). At the same time the committee's
    jurisdiction over parks in the District of Columbia was transferred to
    the Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs (now Natural Resources);
    and it gained jurisdiction over transportation, including civil aviation
    (except railroads, railroad labor, and railroad pensions), over roads
    and the safety thereof, over water transportation subject to the
    jurisdiction of the Interstate Commerce Commission, and over related
    transportation regulatory agencies with certain exceptions. The 104th
    Congress changed the name of the Committee from Public Works and
    Transportation to Transportation and Infrastructure and expanded its
    jurisdiction by: adding subparagraphs (1), (5)-(8), (12), and (15) to
    reflect the transfer of those matters from the former Committee on
    Merchant Marine and Fisheries; adding subparagraph (4) and enlarging
    subparagraph (20) to reflect the transfer of those matters from the Com

    [[Page 510]]

    a bill redesignating a general-purpose Federal building as a post office
    (Apr. 24, 1997, p. 6291). This committee, and not the Committee on Ways
    and Means, has jurisdiction over a bill designating a customs building
    (Dec. 12, 1995, p. 36165). The Committee on Natural Resources, and not
    this committee, has jurisdiction over a bill to validate certain
    conveyances of erstwhile public lands by a railway company (July 11,
    1995, p. 18397). The Committee on Oversight and Government Reform, and
    not this committee, has jurisdiction over a bill transferring real
    property administered by the Coast Guard where the bill explicitly
    waives the Federal Property and Administrative Services Act and directs
    the Administrator of General Services to convey the property (Oct. 2,
    1998, p. 23186).
      The committee has jurisdiction over proposals establishing Treasury
    revolving funds for the Southeastern and Southwestern Power
    Administrations (July 2, 1959, p. 12629); directing the Secretary of the
    Army to provide school facilities for dependents of Corps of Engineers
    construction workers (June 17, 1968, p. 17429); conveying Corps of
    Engineers flood-control project lands (July 15, 1965, p. 17002), naming
    reservoirs within such projects (Oct. 3, 1989, p. 22770) or allocating
    or limiting water use therefrom (Feb. 28, 1990, p. 2893); directing the
    Secretary of the Army to renew the license of an American Legion Post to
    use a parcel of land on a Corps of Engineers project (May 10, 1988, p.
    10282); authorizing construction of an annex to the National Gallery of
    Art by the Smithsonian Institution (Apr. 10, 1968, p. 9553); addressing
    the location and development of the J. F. Kennedy Center for the
    Performing Arts (Sept. 15, 1965, p. 23927; Oct. 21, 1965, p. 27803);
    transferring land under the control of the Corps of Engineers to Indian
    tribes (Jan. 29, 1976, p. 1577); amending the Interstate Commerce Act to
    regulate truck transportation (Feb. 24, 1976, p. 4109; Mar. 1, 1979, p.
    3754); concerning the treatment of a U.S. air freight carrier by the
    Japanese Ministry of Transport pursuant to an understanding negotiated
    under the International Air Transportation Competition Act of 1979 (not
    a Trade Act matter) (July 28, 1988, p. 19536); and over an executive
    communication amending Public Law 90-553, reported by the committee, to
    authorize the transfer, conveyance, lease and improvement of, and
    construction on, certain property in the District of Columbia, for use
    as a headquarters site for an international organization, as sites for
    governments of foreign countries (Sept. 15, 1981, p. 20598). The
    Committee on Government Reform and Oversight (now Oversight and
    Government Reform), and not this committee, has jurisdiction over a bill
    renaming an existing post office building (Aug. 4, 1995, p. 22085; Oct.
    1, 1998, p. 22933) and renaming an existing post office building that
    also housed a courthouse (Sept. 14, 2000, p. 18054). However, this
    committee, and not the Committee on Oversight and Government Reform, has
    jurisdiction over

      The committee has shared jurisdiction: with the Committee on Energy
    and Commerce over a bill amending the Solid Waste Disposal Act to
    provide for the cleanup of hazardous waste sites or discharges
    presenting a threat to human health and the environment, including
    navigable waters (Mar. 21, 1984, p. 6186); with the Committee on
    Government Operations (now Oversight and Government Reform) over a bill
    to require the Administrator of General Services to convey certain real
    property (a Federal building) to the Museum for the American Indian and
    providing for renovation and alteration of the property (Oct. 28, 1987,
    p. 29685); with the Committee on House Administration over a bill
    authorizing the Smithsonian Institution to construct, expand, and
    renovate facilities at the Cooper-Hewitt Museum in New York (July 21,
    1987, p. 20309), and over a bill authorizing appropriations to plan,
    design, construct, and equip museum space for the Smithsonian (July 18,
    1991, p. 18830); with several other committees over bills to convert
    from a defense economy by, inter alia, authorizing economic assistance
    for public works and economic development (June 24, 1991, p. 16021; June
    11, 1992, p. 14470); and with the Committee on Education and Labor (now
    Education and Workforce) over bills providing labor protections to
    workers, including airline employees, in the transportation industry
    (June 24, 1991, p. 16020; Feb. 24, 1993, p. 3577).

      In the 101st Congress, the committee reported a bill requiring a
    cooling-off period in a labor-management dispute between an airline and
    its unions under the Railway Labor Act (H.R. 1231, Mar. 13, 1989, p.
    4032).

      (s) Committee on Veterans' Affairs.

          (1) Veterans' measures generally.

    [[Page 511]]

    Sec. 740. Veterans' Affairs.

          (2)  Cemeteries of the
    United States in which veterans of any war or conflict are or may be
    buried, whether in the United States or abroad (except cemeteries
    administered by the Secretary of the Interior).

          (3) Compensation, vocational rehabilitation, and education of
    veterans.

          (4) Life insurance issued by the Government on account of service
    in the Armed Forces.

          (5) Pensions of all the wars of the United States, general and
    special.

          (6) Readjustment of servicemembers to civil life.

          (7) Servicemembers' civil relief.

          (8) Veterans' hospitals, medical care, and treatment of veterans.

      This committee was established January 2, 1947, as a part of the
    Legislative Reorganization Act of 1946 (60 Stat. 812), and was vested
    with jurisdiction formerly exercised by the Committees on World War
    Veterans' Legislation (VII, 2077); Invalid Pensions (IV, 4258); and
    Pensions (IV, 4260). Jurisdiction over veterans' cemeteries administered
    by the Department of Defense was transferred from the Committee on
    Interior and Insular Affairs (now Natural Resources) in the 90th
    Congress (H. Res. 241, Oct. 20, 1967, p. 29560), a matter now shared
    with the Committee on Armed Services. Vocational rehabilitation, except
    that pertaining to veterans, is under the jurisdiction of the Committee
    on Education and Workforce. The committee has jurisdiction over bills to
    amend the Servicemembers Civil Relief Act to permit certain declarations
    of fact in lieu of affidavits (Feb. 4, 1959, p. 1812), and over bills to
    amend the Servicemen's and Veterans' Survivor Benefits Act relating to
    service-connected deaths of retired members of the uniformed services
    (May 18, 1959, p. 8273). Clerical and stylistic changes were effected
    when the House recodified its rules in the 106th Congress (H. Res. 5,
    Jan. 6, 1999, p. 47). Technical changes to subparagraphs (6) and (7)
    were effected in the 109th Congress (sec. 2(l), H. Res. 5, Jan. 4, 2005,
    p. 44).

      (t) Committee on Ways and Means.

    Sec. 741. Ways and Means.

          (1)  Customs revenue,
    collection districts, and ports of entry and delivery.

          (2) Reciprocal trade agreements.

          (3) Revenue measures generally.

    [[Page 512]]

          (4) Revenue measures relating to insular possessions.

          (5) Bonded debt of the United States, subject to the last sentence
    of clause 4(f).

          (6) Deposit of public monies.

          (7) Transportation of dutiable goods.

          (8) Tax exempt foundations and charitable trusts.

          (9) National social security (except health care and facilities
    programs that are supported from general revenues as opposed to payroll
    deductions and except work incentive programs).

      A select Committee on Ways and Means dates from 1789. It was made a
    standing committee in 1802. Originally it considered both revenue and
    appropriations, but in 1865 the appropriation bills were given to the
    Committee on Appropriations and certain other bills to the Committee on
    Banking and Currency (now Financial Services) (IV, 4020). Its
    jurisdiction was also amended on April 5, 1911 (p. 58), and further
    defined in the Legislative Reorganization Act of 1946 (60 Stat. 812),
    which transferred the subject of recesses and final adjournments from
    this committee to the Committee on Rules.

      By the Committee Reform Amendments of 1974, effective January 3, 1975,
    the committee gained legislative jurisdiction over tax exempt
    foundations and charitable trusts (subpara. (8)), formerly within the
    jurisdiction of the Committee on Banking and Currency (now Financial
    Services) because of their impact on the economy, while it was released
    from: jurisdiction over health care and facilities programs supported
    from general revenues to the Committee on Energy and Commerce;
    jurisdiction over work incentive programs to the Committee on Education
    and Labor (now Education and Workforce); and jurisdiction over
    renegotiation to the Committee on Banking, Finance and Urban Affairs
    (now Financial Services) (H. Res. 988, 93d Cong., Oct. 8, 1974, p.
    34470). The Committee Reform Amendments also transferred jurisdiction
    over general revenue sharing from this committee to the Committee on
    Government Operations (now Oversight and Government Reform); however,
    revenue sharing was stricken from the jurisdictional statement of that
    committee in the 104th Congress (sec. 202(a), H. Res. 6, Jan. 4, 1995,
    p. 464).

    [[Page 513]]

    rity (sec. 2(a), H. Res. 5, Jan. 4, 2005, p. 42), which was given
    jurisdiction over certain functions of the Department of Homeland
    Security that resulted in a conforming change to this paragraph. For
    debate (and material submitted during debate) that may edify the reader
    on the jurisdictional issues surrounding the creation of that committee,
    see January 4, 2005, pp. 60-62.
      The committee's jurisdiction over the bonded debt of the United States
    (subpara. (5)) was made subject to the last sentence of clause 4(f)
    (formerly clause 4(g)) of rule X in the 96th Congress by Public Law 96-
    78 (93 Stat. 589). Clerical and stylistic changes were effected when the
    House recodified its rules in the 106th Congress (H. Res. 5, Jan. 6,
    1999, p. 47). In the 109th Congress the House established the Committee
    on Homeland Secu

      The revenue jurisdiction of the committee extends to such subjects as
    transportation of dutiable goods, collection districts, ports of entry
    and delivery (IV, 4026), customs unions, reciprocity treaties (IV,
    4021), revenue relations of the United States with Puerto Rico (IV,
    4025), the revenue bills relating to agricultural products generally,
    excepting oleomargarine (IV, 4022), and tax on cotton and grain futures.
    The committee formerly had jurisdiction as to seal herds and other
    revenue-producing animals in Alaska but this jurisdiction was changed in
    the 68th Congress to the former Committee on Merchant Marine and
    Fisheries (VII, 1725, 1851). As exemplified by sequential referrals in
    the 96th Congress, the committee has jurisdiction over reported bills
    creating major oil spill and hazardous waste trust funds in the
    Treasury, funded by assessments on all quantities of oil, petrochemical
    feedstocks, and other hazardous substances offered for sale, where the
    scope and size of the funds and the method of assessment (similar to an
    excise tax) represented the collection of general revenue to fund
    particular Federal activities, a type of financing mechanism over which
    the Ways and Means Committee has traditionally exercised jurisdiction
    (May 20, 1980, p. 11862).

      The committee has jurisdiction over subjects relating to the Treasury
    of the United States and the deposit of the public moneys (IV, 4028),
    but it failed to make good a claim to the subjects of ``national
    finances'' and ``preservation of the Government credit'' (IV, 4023). The
    committee has jurisdiction over bills providing tax incentives for
    persons investing in Indian property (Feb. 1, 1964, p. 1582), providing
    unemployment compensation to individuals with military or Federal
    service (Apr. 28, 1976, p. 11590), providing extended and increased
    unemployment compensation (Apr. 16, 1975, p. 10346), and over private
    bills waiving provisions of the Tariff Act to require reliquidation of
    certain imported materials as duty-free (July 13, 1982, p. 16014). The
    Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure, and not this committee,
    has jurisdiction over a bill to designate a customs administrative
    building (Dec. 12, 1995, p. 36165). The Committee on the Budget, and not
    this committee, has jurisdiction over a bill establishing a rule of
    sequestration under the Balanced Budget and Emergency Deficit Control
    Act (Dec. 15, 2000, p. 27085). The Committee on the Budget has primary
    jurisdiction, and this committee has additional jurisdiction, over a
    bill taking Social Security trust funds off budget (Dec. 15, 2000, p.
    27085).

    [[Page 514]]

    Surface Transportation Act but also containing a revenue title raising
    taxes to fund surface transportation programs (Mar. 20, 1986, p. 5804);
    with the former Committee on Merchant Marine and Fisheries (succeeded by
    the Committee on Natural Resources) over a bill amending the Fishermen's
    Protective Act to authorize the President to prohibit the importation of
    any product from a country violating an international fishery
    conservation program (Mar. 21, 1989, p. 5077); and with three other
    committees over a bill imposing certain international economic sanctions
    including tariffs (May 27, 1992, p. 12658).
      The committee has exercised jurisdiction, with the Committee on Public
    Works and Transportation (now Transportation and Infrastructure), over
    executive communications proposing draft legislation reauthorizing the

    General oversight responsibilities
      The committee in the earlier practice reported resolutions
    distributing the President's annual message (IV, 4030), but since the
    first session of the 64th Congress this practice has been discontinued
    (VIII, 3350).

    742. General oversight.

      2. (a)  The various standing
    committees shall have general oversight responsibilities as provided in
    paragraph (b) in order to assist the House in--

          (1) its analysis, appraisal, and evaluation of--

              (A) the application, administration, execution, and
    effectiveness of Federal laws; and

              (B) conditions and circumstances that may indicate the
    necessity or desirability of enacting new or additional legislation; and

          (2) its formulation, consideration, and enactment of changes in
    Federal laws, and of such additional legislation as may be necessary or
    appropriate.

    [[Page 515]]

    tions) shall review and study on a continuing basis--
      (b)(1) In order to determine whether laws and programs addressing
    subjects within the jurisdiction of a committee are being implemented
    and carried out in accordance with the intent of Congress and whether
    they should be continued, curtailed, or eliminated, each standing
    committee (other than the Committee on Appropria

          (A) the application, administration, execution, and effectiveness
    of laws and programs addressing subjects within its jurisdiction;

          (B) the organization and operation of Federal agencies and
    entities having responsibilities for the administration and execution of
    laws and programs addressing subjects within its jurisdiction;

          (C) any conditions or circumstances that may indicate the
    necessity or desirability of enacting new or additional legislation
    addressing subjects within its jurisdiction (whether or not a bill or
    resolution has been introduced with respect thereto); and

          (D) future research and forecasting on subjects within its
    jurisdiction.

    Sec. 743. Oversight subcommittees.

      (2)  Each committee to
    which subparagraph (1) applies having more than 20 members shall
    establish an oversight subcommittee, or require its subcommittees to
    conduct oversight in their respective jurisdictions, to assist in
    carrying out its responsibilities under this clause. The establishment
    of an oversight subcommittee does not limit the responsibility of a
    subcommittee with legislative jurisdiction in carrying out its oversight
    responsibilities.

    [[Page 516]]

      (c) Each standing committee shall review and study on a continuing
    basis the impact or probable impact of tax policies affecting subjects
    within its jurisdiction as described in clauses 1 and 3.

      (d)(1) Not later than March 1 of the first session of a Congress, each
    standing committee (other than the Committee on Appropriations, the
    Committee on Ethics, and the Committee on Rules) shall, in a meeting
    that is open to the public, adopt its authorization and oversight plan
    for that Congress. Such plan shall be submitted simultaneously to the
    Committee on Oversight and Government Reform and the Committee on House
    Administration.

      (2) Each such plan shall include, with respect to programs and
    agencies within the committee's jurisdiction, and to the maximum extent
    practicable--

          (A) a list of such programs or agencies with lapsed authorizations
    that received funding in the prior fiscal year or, in the case of a
    program or agency with a permanent authorization, which has not been
    subject to a comprehensive review by the committee in the prior three
    Congresses;

          (B) a description of each such program or agency to be authorized
    in the current Congress;

          (C) a description of each such program or agency to be authorized
    in the next Congress, if applicable;

          (D) a description of any oversight to support the authorization of
    each such program or agency in the current Congress; and

    [[Page 517]]

    from mandatory funding to discretionary appropriations, where
    appropriate.
          (E) recommendations for changes to existing law for moving such
    programs or agencies

      (3) Each such plan may include, with respect to the programs and
    agencies within the committee's jurisdiction--

          (A) recommendations for the consolidation or termination of such
    programs or agencies that are duplicative, unnecessary, or inconsistent
    with the appropriate roles and responsibilities of the Federal
    Government;

          (B) recommendations for changes to existing law related to Federal
    rules, regulations, statutes, and court decisions affecting such
    programs and agencies that are inconsistent with the authorities of the
    Congress under Article I of the Constitution; and

          (C) a description of such other oversight activities as the
    committee may consider necessary.

      (4) In the development of such plan, the chair of each committee shall
    coordinate with other committees of jurisdiction to ensure that programs
    and agencies are subject to routine, comprehensive authorization
    efforts.

    [[Page 518]]

    the most effective coordination of authorization and oversight plans and
    otherwise to achieve the objectives of this clause.
      (5) Not later than April 15 in the first session of a Congress, after
    consultation with the Speaker, the Majority Leader, and the Minority
    Leader, the Committee on Oversight and Government Reform shall report to
    the House the authorization and oversight plans submitted by committees
    under subparagraph (1) together with any recommendations that it, or the
    House leadership group described above, may make to ensure

      (e) The Speaker, with the approval of the House, may appoint special
    ad hoc oversight committees for the purpose of reviewing specific
    matters within the jurisdiction of two or more standing committees.

    [[Page 519]]

    sion of the plans, and to remove the Committee on Appropriations as a
    recipient (sec. 102(i), H. Res. 6, Jan. 3, 2019, p. _). In the 118th
    Congress, the rule was largely restored to its form during the 115th
    Congress except that the Committee on Appropriations was not restored as
    a recipient of the plans, and the deadline for submission of the plans
    remained as it had been since the 116th Congress (sec. 2(e), H. Res. 5,
    Jan. 9, 2023, p. _). Before such revisions, various amendments to
    paragraph (d) were effected in the 106th (H. Res. 5, Jan. 6, 1999, p.
    47), 107th (sec. 2(e), H. Res. 5, Jan. 3, 2001, p. 25), 109th (sec.
    2(b), H. Res. 5, Jan. 4, 2005, pp. 42, 43), 110th (sec. 215(b), H. Res.
    6, Jan. 4, 2007, p. 19), and 112th Congresses (sec. 2(c)(11), H. Res. 5,
    Jan. 5, 2011, p. 80). Following such revisions, paragraph (d)(2)(F) was
    added in the 117th Congress to direct committee chairs, in forming the
    plans, to prioritize issues of inequity (sec. 2(g), H. Res. 8, Jan. 4,
    2021, p. _). Paragraph (e) was added in the 104th Congress (sec. 203(a),
    H. Res. 6, Jan. 4, 1995, p. 467).

    Special oversight functions
      Clause 2(a), and the first requirement of clause 2(b)(1) that each
    standing committee shall review the application, etc., of all laws
    within its jurisdiction, were originally contained in section 118(b) of
    the Legislative Reorganization Act of 1970 (84 Stat. 1140) and were made
    part of the standing rules on January 22, 1971 (H. Res. 5, p. 144).
    Effective January 3, 1975, general oversight responsibilities were
    incorporated into the rule (H. Res. 988, 93d Cong., Oct. 8, 1974, p.
    34470). Oversight responsibilities are also contained in section 190d of
    title 2, United States Code. On January 14, 1975, the size of those
    standing committees required by clause 2(b)(2) (formerly clause 2(b)(1))
    to establish an oversight subcommittee or to require its subcommittees
    to conduct oversight was increased from 15 to more than 20 (H. Res. 5,
    94th Cong., p. 20). In the 100th Congress a requirement that
    representatives from the Committee on Government Operations (now
    Oversight and Government Reform) meet with other committees at the
    beginning of each Congress to discuss oversight plans and that that
    committee report to the House its oversight coordination recommendations
    within 60 days after the convening of the first session was deleted (H.
    Res. 5, Jan. 6, 1987, p. 6). Beginning in the 104th Congress, paragraph
    (d) required that each standing committee adopt by February 15 of the
    first session of a Congress its oversight plans for that Congress. Such
    plans were to be submitted to the Committees on Government Reform and
    Oversight (now Oversight and Government Reform) and House Oversight (now
    House Administration), and consideration of resolutions funding each
    committee were contingent on submission of its oversight plans to the
    committees specified (sec. 203(a), H. Res. 6, Jan. 4, 1995, p. 467).
    That restriction was repealed in the 106th Congress (H. Res. 5, Jan. 6,
    1999, p. 47). The paragraph was re-written entirely in the 115th
    Congress to expand the focus of the oversight plan to include
    authorization of programs and agencies within a committee's
    jurisdiction, to exclude the Committees on Appropriations, Ethics, and
    Rules, and to add the Committee on Appropriations as a recipient (sec.
    2(b), H. Res. 5, Jan. 3, 2017, p. 36). It was again re-written entirely
    in the 116th Congress to delay the submission deadlines in paragraphs
    (d)(1) and (d)(3), to remove the focus on authorization of programs and
    agencies, to require that committee chairs, rather than the committees
    themselves, bear responsibility for the preparation and submis

    744. Special oversight.

      3.  (a) The Committee on
    Appropriations shall conduct such studies and examinations of the
    organization and operation of executive departments and other executive
    agencies (including an agency the majority of the stock of which is
    owned by the United States) as it considers necessary to assist it in
    the determination of matters within its jurisdiction.

      (b) The Committee on Armed Services shall review and study on a
    continuing basis laws, programs, and Government activities relating to
    international arms control and disarmament and the education of military
    dependents in schools.

      (c) The Committee on the Budget shall study on a continuing basis the
    effect on budget outlays of relevant existing and proposed legislation
    and report the results of such studies to the House on a recurring
    basis.

    [[Page 520]]

    continuing basis laws, programs, and Government activities relating to
    domestic educational programs and institutions and programs of student
    assistance within the jurisdiction of other committees.
      (d) The Committee on Education and Workforce shall review, study, and
    coordinate on a

      (e) The Committee on Energy and Commerce shall review and study on a
    continuing basis laws, programs, and Government activities relating to
    nuclear and other energy and nonmilitary nuclear energy research and
    development including the disposal of nuclear waste.

      (f) The Committee on Foreign Affairs shall review and study on a
    continuing basis laws, programs, and Government activities relating to
    customs administration, intelligence activities relating to foreign
    policy, international financial and monetary organizations, and
    international fishing agreements.

      (g)(1) The Committee on Homeland Security shall review and study on a
    continuing basis all Government activities relating to homeland
    security, including the interaction of all departments and agencies with
    the Department of Homeland Security.

      (2) In addition, the committee shall review and study on a primary and
    continuing basis all Government activities, programs, and organizations
    related to homeland security that fall within its primary legislative
    jurisdiction.

    [[Page 521]]

      (h) The Committee on Natural Resources shall review and study on a
    continuing basis laws, programs, and Government activities relating to
    Native Americans.

      (i) The Committee on Oversight and Government Reform shall review and
    study on a continuing basis the operation of Government activities at
    all levels, including the Executive Office of the President.

      (j) The Committee on Rules shall review and study on a continuing
    basis the congressional budget process, and the committee shall report
    its findings and recommendations to the House from time to time.

      (k) The Committee on Science, Space, and Technology shall review and
    study on a continuing basis laws, programs, and Government activities
    relating to nonmilitary research and development.

      (l) The Committee on Small Business shall study and investigate on a
    continuing basis the problems of all types of small business.

      (m) The Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence shall review and
    study on a continuing basis laws, programs, and activities of the
    intelligence community and shall review and study on an exclusive basis
    the sources and methods of entities described in clause 11(b)(1)(A).

    [[Page 522]]

    energy programs became effective January 3, 1981 (H. Res. 549, Mar. 25,
    1980, pp. 6405-10). The oversight authority conferred on the Committee
    on Oversight and Government Reform was first made effective as part of
    the Legislative Reorganization Act of 1946 (60 Stat. 812). In the 104th
    Congress conforming amendments to the special oversight functions of the
    Committees on Natural Resources and Energy and Commerce were adopted to
    reflect the transfer of jurisdiction over nonmilitary nuclear energy
    from the Committee on Natural Resources to the Committee on Energy and
    Commerce (H. Res. 254, Nov. 30, 1995, p. 35077). Paragraph (j) was added
    by section 226 of the Balanced Budget and Emergency Deficit Control Act
    of 1985 (P.L. 99-177). The remainder of the clause (except for
    paragraphs (g) and (m)) became effective January 3, 1975 (H. Res. 988,
    93d Cong., Oct. 8, 1974, p. 34470). This clause has been amended several
    times to conform references to renamed committees (H. Res. 89, Feb. 5,
    1979, p. 1848; H. Res. 549, Mar. 25, 1980, pp. 6405-10; H. Res. 5, Jan.
    5, 1993, p. 49; sec. 202(b), H. Res. 6, Jan. 4, 1995, p. 464; H. Res. 5,
    Jan. 7, 1997, p. 121; H. Res. 5, Jan. 6, 1999, p. 47; H. Res. 6, Jan. 4,
    2007, p. 19; H. Res. 5, Jan. 5, 2011, p. 80; H. Res. 6, Jan. 3, 2019, p.
    _; H. Res. 5, Jan. 9, 2023, p. _; H. Res. 5, Jan. 3, 2025, p. _).
    Clerical and stylistic changes were effected when the House recodified
    its rules in the 106th Congress, including the transfer to this clause
    of oversight functions of the Committees on Oversight and Government
    Reform and Appropriations found in clause 2 (H. Res. 5, Jan. 6, 1999, p.
    47). The oversight authority of the Permanent Select Committee on
    Intelligence in paragraph (m) was added in the 107th Congress (sec.
    2(f), H. Res. 5, Jan. 3, 2001, p. 25). The Committee on Homeland
    Security was established in the 109th Congress and given the oversight
    authority set forth in paragraph (g)(1) (sec. 2(a), H. Res. 5, Jan. 4,
    2005, p. 42). Paragraph (g)(2) was added in the 111th Congress (sec.
    2(b), H. Res. 5, Jan. 6, 2009, p. 7). Paragraph (i) was revised in the
    116th Congress to clarify the inclusion of the Executive Office of the
    President under the special oversight authority of the Committee on
    Oversight and Government Reform (sec. 102(k), H. Res. 6, Jan. 3, 2019,
    p. _).
      The oversight authority conferred on the Committee on Appropriations
    was first given that committee on February 11, 1943 (p. 884), continued
    by resolution of January 9, 1945 (p. 135), and incorporated into
    permanent law in section 202(b) of the Legislative Reorganization Act of
    1946, and made a part of the standing rules on January 3, 1953 (pp. 17,
    24). The special oversight responsibilities of the Committee on the
    Budget were made part of the rules effective July 12, 1974 by section
    101(c) of the Congressional Budget Act of 1974 (88 Stat. 300). Paragraph
    (e) (formerly paragraph (h)) was added on January 4, 1977, upon the
    abolition of the legislative jurisdiction in the House of the Joint
    Committee on Atomic Energy (H. Res. 5, 95th Cong., pp. 53-70). The
    special oversight responsibilities of the Committee on Energy and
    Commerce over nuclear energy to all

    [[Page 523]]

    Energy and Commerce, to be chaired by a member of that committee and to
    be composed of additional members appointed by the Speaker (six upon
    recommendation of the Minority Leader) who would be treated as though
    members of the Committee on Energy and Commerce during their service on
    the panel (H. Res. 461, Oct. 7, 2015, pp. 15847-48).

    Additional functions of committees
      Section 9 of the House Administrative Reform Resolution of 1992 (H.
    Res. 423, Apr. 9, 1992, p. 9040) added a paragraph in this clause
    creating a bipartisan Subcommittee on Administrative Oversight of the
    Committee on House Administration, to be chaired by the chair of the
    Committee on House Administration and to be composed of members of the
    Committee on House Administration, one-half from the majority party and
    one-half from the minority party. The paragraph was rewritten in the
    103d Congress to provide that the Speaker, the Majority and Minority
    Leaders, and the chair and ranking minority member of the Committee on
    House Administration be informed of tie votes in that subcommittee (H.
    Res. 5, Jan. 5, 1993, p. 49), but the paragraph was deleted entirely in
    the 104th Congress (sec. 201(d), H. Res. 6, Jan. 4, 1995, p. 463). In
    the 114th Congress, the House established a select investigative panel
    of the Committee on

    745. Committee on Appropriations; budget
    hearings.

      4.  (a)(1)(A) The Committee on Appropriations shall, within 30
    days after the transmittal of the Budget to Congress each year, hold
    hearings on the Budget as a whole with particular reference to--

          (i) the basic recommendations and budgetary policies of the
    President in the presentation of the Budget; and

          (ii) the fiscal, financial, and economic assumptions used as bases
    in arriving at total estimated expenditures and receipts.

      (B) In holding hearings under subdivision (A), the committee shall
    receive testimony from the Secretary of the Treasury, the Director of
    the Office of Management and Budget, the Chair of the Council of
    Economic Advisers, and such other persons as the committee may desire.

    [[Page 524]]

    nished to each Member, Delegate, and the Resident Commissioner.

    Sec. 746. Procedure for budget hearings.

      (C)  A hearing under
    subdivision (A), or any part thereof, shall be held in open session,
    except when the committee, in open session and with a quorum present,
    determines by record vote that the testimony to be taken at that hearing
    on that day may be related to a matter of national security. The
    committee may by the same procedure close one subsequent day of hearing.
    A transcript of all such hearings shall be printed and a copy thereof
    fur

      (D) A hearing under subdivision (A), or any part thereof, may be held
    before a joint meeting of the committee and the Committee on
    Appropriations of the Senate in accordance with such procedures as the
    two committees jointly may determine.

    -  (2) <> Pursuant to section 401(b)(2) of the Congressional
    Budget Act of 1974, when a committee reports a bill or joint resolution
    that provides new entitlement authority as defined in section 3(9) of
    that Act, and enactment of the bill or joint resolution, as reported,
    would cause a breach of the committee's pertinent allocation of new
    budget authority under section 302(a) of that Act, the bill or joint
    resolution may be referred to the Committee on Appropriations with
    instructions to report it with recommendations (which may include an
    amendment limiting the total amount of new entitlement authority
    provided in the bill or joint resolution). If the Committee on
    Appropriations fails to report a bill or

    [[Page 525]]

    joint resolution so referred within 15 calendar days (not counting any
    day on which the House is not in session), the committee automatically
    shall be discharged from consideration of the bill or joint resolution,
    and the bill or joint resolution shall be placed on the appropriate
    calendar.
      This part of clause 4 was originally contained in section 242(c)(1) of
    the Legislative Reorganization Act of 1970 and was made part of the
    standing rules in the 92d Congress (H. Res. 5, Jan. 22, 1971, p. 144).
    Paragraph (a)(1)(C), requiring open hearings, was first adopted in the
    93d Congress (H. Res. 259, Mar. 7, 1973, pp. 6713-20) and was amended in
    the 94th Congress to limit the effect of a vote to close a hearing to
    that day and one subsequent day (H. Res. 5, Jan. 14, 1975, p. 20).
    Clerical and stylistic changes were effected when the House recodified
    its rules in the 106th Congress (H. Res. 5, Jan. 6, 1999, p. 47). A
    gender-based reference was eliminated in the 117th Congress (sec.
    2(e)(2), H. Res. 8, Jan. 4, 2021, p. _).

      (3) In addition, the Committee on Appropriations shall study on a
    continuing basis those provisions of law that (on the first day of the
    first fiscal year for which the congressional budget process is
    effective) provide spending authority or permanent budget authority and
    shall report to the House from time to time its recommendations for
    terminating or modifying such provisions.

      (4) In the manner provided by section 302 of the Congressional Budget
    Act of 1974, the Committee on Appropriations (after consulting with the
    Committee on Appropriations of the Senate) shall subdivide any
    allocations made to it in the joint explanatory statement accompanying
    the conference report on such concurrent resolution, and promptly report
    the subdivisions to the House as soon as practicable after a concurrent
    resolution on the budget for a fiscal year is agreed to.

    [[Page 526]]

    Act of 1974 in section 402(f), and was likewise incorporated into the
    rules effective January 3, 1975 (H. Res. 988, 93d Cong., Oct. 8, 1974,
    p. 34470). The requirements of subparagraph (4) (formerly paragraph (h))
    was originally contained in section 302(b) of the Congressional Budget
    Act of 1974 (P.L. 93-344, July 12, 1974) and was incorporated into this
    rule effective January 3, 1975 (H. Res. 988, 93d Cong., Oct. 8, 1974, p.
    34470). It was amended by the Budget Enforcement Act of 1990 (tit. XIII,
    P.L. 101-508) to conform to the enactment of title VI of the Budget Act.
    It was again amended by the Budget Enforcement Act of 1997 (sec. 10118,
    P.L. 105-33) to conform to the subsequent repeal of title VI. Clerical
    and stylistic changes were effected when the House recodified its rules
    in the 106th Congress, including the transfer of former paragraph (h) to
    this paragraph as new subparagraph (4) (H. Res. 5, Jan. 6, 1999, p. 47).

      Subparagraph (2) first became effective on July 12, 1974, by inclusion
    in section 401(b)(2) of the Congressional Budget Act of 1974 (88 Stat.
    317), was incorporated into the rules effective January 3, 1975 (H. Res.
    988, 93d Cong., Oct. 8, 1974, p. 34470), was amended in the 95th
    Congress to correct an error in cross-reference (H. Res. 5, Jan. 4,
    1977, pp. 53-70), and was again amended in the 105th Congress to reflect
    the repeal of the collective definition of ``new spending authority''
    and the revision of various remaining parts (Budget Enforcement Act of
    1997 (sec. 10116, P.L. 105-33). Subparagraph (3) was also contained in
    the Congressional Budget

    Sec. 747a. Former Select Intelligence Oversight
    Panel.

      A former  subparagraph (5) added in the 110th Congress established a
    Select Intelligence Oversight Panel of the Committee on Appropriations
    to review budget requests for and execution of intelligence activities
    (H. Res. 35, Jan. 9, 2007, p. 567). It was abolished in the 112th
    Congress (sec. 2(e)(10), H. Res. 5, Jan. 5, 2011, p. 80).

      (b) The Committee on the Budget shall--

    Sec. 748. Budget.

          (1)  review on a continuing basis the
    conduct by the Congressional Budget Office of its functions and duties;

          (2) hold hearings and receive testimony from Members, Senators,
    Delegates, the Resident Commissioner, and such appropriate
    representatives of Federal departments and agencies, the general public,
    and national organizations as it considers desirable in developing
    concurrent resolutions on the budget for each fiscal year;

          (3) make all reports required of it by the Congressional Budget
    Act of 1974;

    [[Page 527]]

    time its recommendations for terminating or modifying such provisions;
          (4) study on a continuing basis those provisions of law that
    exempt Federal agencies or any of their activities or outlays from
    inclusion in the Budget of the United States Government, and report to
    the House from time to

          (5) study on a continuing basis proposals designed to improve and
    facilitate the congressional budget process, and report to the House
    from time to time the results of such studies, together with its
    recommendations; and

          (6) request and evaluate continuing studies of tax expenditures,
    devise methods of coordinating tax expenditures, policies, and programs
    with direct budget outlays, and report the results of such studies to
    the House on a recurring basis.

      Paragraph (b)(1) became a part of the rules on July 12, 1974 by
    enactment of section 101(c) of the Congressional Budget Act of 1974 (88
    Stat. 300). Subparagraph (2), contained in section 301(d) of that Act,
    subparagraph (3), subparagraph (4), contained in section 606 of that
    Act, and subparagraph (5), contained in section 703 of that Act, all
    were made part of the rules effective January 3, 1975 (H. Res. 988, 93d
    Cong., Oct. 8, 1974, p. 34470). Paragraph (b)(2) was amended in the 99th
    Congress by section 232 of the Balanced Budget and Emergency Deficit
    Control Act of 1985 (P.L. 99-177) to remove reference to the first
    concurrent resolution on the budget. Before the House recodified its
    rules in the 106th Congress, subparagraph (6) was found in former clause
    1(d)(5)(C) of rule X (H. Res. 5, Jan. 6, 1999, p. 47).

    Sec. 749. Oversight and Government Reform.

      (c)(1)  The
    Committee on Oversight and Government Reform shall--

          (A) receive and examine reports of the Comptroller General of the
    United States and submit to the House such recommendations as it
    considers necessary or desirable in connection with the subject matter
    of the reports;

    [[Page 528]]

          (B) evaluate the effects of laws enacted to reorganize the
    legislative and executive branches of the Government; and

          (C) study intergovernmental relationships between the United
    States and the States and municipalities and between the United States
    and international organizations of which the United States is a member.

          (2) In addition to its duties under subparagraph (1), the
    Committee on Oversight and Government Reform may at any time conduct
    investigations of any matter without regard to clause 1, 2, 3, or this
    clause conferring jurisdiction over the matter to another standing
    committee. The findings and recommendations of the committee in such an
    investigation shall be made available to any other standing committee
    having jurisdiction over the matter involved.

      Paragraph (c)(1) became effective January 2, 1947, as part of the
    Legislative Reorganization Act of 1946 (60 Stat. 812). Paragraph (c)(2)
    was made a function of the Committee effective January 3, 1975 (H. Res.
    988, 93d Cong., Oct. 8, 1974, p. 34470). Paragraph (c)(2) was amended in
    the 107th Congress to delete the requirement that committees include
    oversight findings and recommendations by the Committee on Government
    Reform in their reports as was required under the former clause 3(c)(4)
    of rule XIII (sec. 2(l), H. Res. 5, Jan. 3, 2001, p. 24). Clerical and
    stylistic changes were effected when the House recodified its rules in
    the 106th Congress (H. Res. 5, Jan. 6, 1999, p. 47). Under section 2954
    of title 5, United States Code, an executive agency, if so requested by
    this committee or any seven members thereof, shall submit any
    information requested of it relating to any matter within the
    jurisdiction of the committee. In the 118th and 119th Congresses, the
    House required that the chair of the Committee on Oversight and
    Government Reform be included as one of the seven members of the
    committee when making a request under such provision (sec. 3(i), H. Res.
    5, Jan. 9, 2023, p. _; sec. 3(s), H. Res. 5, Jan. 3, 2025, p. _).

    [[Page 529]]

    committee, including pursuant to subpoena under clause 2(m) of rule XI
    (which hereby is made applicable for such purpose).

    Sec. 749a. Deposition authority.

      (3)(A)  The Committee on
    Oversight and Government Reform may adopt a rule authorizing and
    regulating the taking of depositions by a member or counsel of the

      (B) A rule adopted by the committee pursuant to this subparagraph--

          (i) may provide that a deponent be directed to subscribe an oath
    or affirmation before a person authorized by law to administer the same;
    and

          (ii) shall ensure that the minority members and staff of the
    committee are accorded equitable treatment with respect to notice of and
    a reasonable opportunity to participate in any proceeding conducted
    thereunder.

      (C) Information secured pursuant to the authority described in
    subdivision (A) shall retain the character of discovery until offered
    for admission in evidence before the committee, at which time any proper
    objection shall be timely.

    [[Page 530]]

      This subparagraph was added in the 110th Congress (sec. 502, H. Res.
    6, Jan. 4, 2007, p. 19 (adopted Jan. 5, 2007)). A requirement that a
    member of the committee attend the deposition was added in the 112th
    Congress (sec. 2(e)(14), H. Res. 5, Jan. 5, 2011, p. 80) and removed in
    the 116th Congress (sec. 102(l), H. Res. 6, Jan. 3, 2019, p. _). Other
    committees have been granted such authority generally (sec. 3(b), H.
    Res. 5, Jan. 6, 2015, p. 35 (extended for second session by H. Res. 579,
    Jan. 6, 2016, pp. 45, 46); sec. 3(b), H. Res. 5, Jan. 3, 2017, p. 38
    (with expanded circumstances under which a deposition may take place
    without a member of the committee present); sec. 103(a), H. Res. 6, Jan.
    3, 2019, p. _ (removing the requirement that a member of the committee
    attend the deposition); sec. 3(b), H. Res. 8, Jan. 4, 2021, p. _); sec.
    3(k), H. Res. 5, Jan. 9, 2023, p. _ (clarifying permitted attendees,
    including attorneys for the deponent); sec. 3(t), H. Res. 5, Jan. 3,
    2025, p. _) or for specific investigations (Dec. 5, 2007, p. 32250; sec.
    4(f), H. Res. 5, Jan. 6, 2009, p. 10; May 20, 2010, p. 8758), including
    a select panel of a standing committee (H. Res. 461, Oct. 7, 2015, pp.
    15847-48).

    Sec. 750. House Administration.

      (d)(1)  The Committee on
    House Administration shall--

    Sec. 752. Direction of officers.

      (A)  provide policy
    direction for the Chief Administrative Officer, the Inspector General,
    and the Office of the Whistleblower Ombuds and oversight of the Clerk,
    Sergeant-at-Arms, Chief Administrative Officer, Inspector General, and
    Office of the Whistleblower Ombuds;

      (B) oversee the management of services provided to the House by the
    Architect of the Capitol, except those services that lie within the
    jurisdiction of the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure under
    clause 1(r);

    Sec. 753. Acceptance of gifts.

      (C)  have the function of
    accepting on behalf of the House a gift, except as otherwise provided by
    law, if the gift does not involve a duty, burden, or condition, or is
    not made dependent on some future performance by the House;

      (D) promulgate regulations to carry out subdivision (C); and

      (E) establish and maintain standards for making documents publicly
    available in electronic form by the House and its committees.

    [[Page 531]]

    member of the Committee on House Administration concerning the amount of
    such payment.

    Sec. 754. Approval of certain settlements.

      (2)  An employing
    office of the House may enter into a settlement of a complaint under the
    Congressional Accountability Act of 1995 that provides for the payment
    of funds only after receiving the joint approval of the chair and
    ranking minority

    [[Page 532]]

    necessary to ensure an orderly termination and accounting for funds of
    any legislative service organization in existence on January 3, 1995
    (sec. 222, H. Res. 6, Jan. 4, 1995, p. 469), but the 114th through 119th
    Congresses authorized the payment of salaries and expenses by certain
    similar groups (called ``Congressional Member Organizations'') that had
    registered with the Committee on House Administration during the
    previous Congress (sec. 3(p), H. Res. 5, Jan. 6, 2015, p. 37; sec. 3(n),
    H. Res. 5, Jan. 3, 2017, p. 39; sec. 103(p), H. Res. 6, Jan. 3, 2019, p.
    _; sec. 3(o), H. Res. 8, Jan. 4, 2021, p. _; sec. 3(w), H. Res. 5, Jan.
    9, 2023, p. _; sec. 3(d), H. Res. 5, Jan. 3, 2025, p. _). Clerical and
    stylistic changes were effected when the House recodified its rules in
    the 106th Congress (H. Res. 5, Jan. 6, 1999, p. 47). The 107th Congress
    transferred the committee's responsibilities with respect to enrolled
    bills (formerly paragraph (d)(1)(A)) to the Clerk (clause 2(d)(2) of
    rule II) (sec. 2(b), H. Res. 5, Jan. 3, 2001, p. 25).

      The duty of the committee to arrange for memorial services of Members
    was eliminated from the rules effective January 3, 1975 (H. Res. 988,
    93d Cong., Oct. 8, 1974, p. 34470). Former paragraph (d)(3) required the
    committee to provide a committee scheduling service, which was provided
    through House Information Resources and was made mandatory on all
    committees and subcommittees in the 97th Congress (H. Res. 5, Jan. 5,
    1981, pp. 98-113). The requirement was stricken altogether when two
    provisions were added by section 10 of the House Administrative Reform
    Resolution of 1992 (H. Res. 423, Apr. 9, 1992, p. 9040) to ensure the
    orderly transfer of functions and entities from elected officers to the
    Director of Non-legislative and Financial Services and to provide for
    policy direction and oversight of certain administrative officials and
    elected officers. However, in the 107th Congress the House amended
    clause 4(d)(1) of rule X to remove the requirement that the committee
    provide policy direction to such officials and officers except the
    Inspector General (sec. 2(g), H. Res. 5, Jan. 3, 2001, p. 24), but
    policy direction for the Chief Administrative Officer was restored in
    the 114th Congress (sec. 2(a)(3), H. Res. 5, Jan. 6, 2015, p. 34). The
    committee also provides policy review and oversight of the Chief
    Executive Officer for Visitor Services within the Office of the
    Architect of the Capitol (sec. 6701, P.L. 110-28). In the 104th Congress
    the rule was amended (1) to reflect the change in the name of the
    Committee on House Administration to the Committee on House Oversight
    and (2) to reflect the abolishment of the Director of Non-legislative
    and Financial Services (sec. 201, H. Res. 6, Jan. 4, 1995, p. 463).
    Later in the 104th Congress the provision for the acceptance of gifts
    was added as paragraph (d)(3) (H. Res. 250, Nov. 16, 1995, p. 33434). In
    the 105th Congress paragraph (d) was redesignated as (d)(1), its former
    subparagraphs (1) through (3) were redesignated as (1)(A) through
    (1)(C), and a new paragraph (d)(2) was added to require approval by the
    committee for monetary settlements of certain employment claims (H. Res.
    5, Jan. 7, 1997, p. 121). In the 111th Congress a new subparagraph
    (1)(B) was inserted regarding the Architect of the Capitol (and existing
    subparagraphs (1)(B) and (1)(C) were redesignated) (sec. 2(c), H. Res.
    5, Jan. 6, 2009, p. 7). In the 112th Congress subparagraph (1)(E) was
    added (sec. 2(c), H. Res. 5, Jan. 5, 2011, p. 80). In the 117th Congress
    subparagraph (1)(A) was amended to reflect the establishment of the
    Office of Diversity and Inclusion and the Office of the Whistleblower
    Ombuds (sec. 2(b), H. Res. 8, Jan. 4, 2021, p. _), and was amended in
    the 119th Congress to remove the Office of Diversity and Inclusion
    following the elimination of the Office (sec. 2(f), H. Res. 5, Jan. 3,
    2025, p. _). The 104th Congress also prohibited the establishment or
    continuation of any legislative service organization (as that term had
    been understood in the 103d Congress) and directed the Committee on
    House Oversight (now House Administration) to take such steps as were

    Sec. 755. Annual appropriations.

      (e)(1)  Each standing
    committee shall, in its consideration of all public bills and public
    joint resolutions within its jurisdiction, ensure that appropriations
    for continuing programs and activities of the Federal Government and the
    government of the District of Columbia will be made annually to the
    maximum extent feasible and consistent with the nature, requirement, and
    objective of the programs and activities involved. In this subparagraph
    programs and activities of the Federal Government and the government of
    the District of Columbia includes programs and activities of any
    department, agency, establishment, wholly owned Government corporation,
    or instrumentality of the Federal Government or of the government of the
    District of Columbia.

    [[Page 533]]

    gram should be modified to provide for annual appropriations.

      (2) Each standing committee shall review from time to time each
    continuing program within its jurisdiction for which appropriations are
    not made annually to ascertain whether the pro

    Budget Act responsibilities
      The provisions of this paragraph derive from section 253(c) of the
    Legislative Reorganization Act of 1970 (84 Stat. 1140), and were made
    part of the rules in the 92d Congress (H. Res. 5, Jan. 22, 1971, p.
    144). Clerical and stylistic changes were effected when the House
    recodified its rules in the 106th Congress (H. Res. 5, Jan. 6, 1999, p.
    47).

    756. Concurrent resolution on Budget.

      (f)(1)  Each standing
    committee shall submit to the Committee on the Budget not later than six
    weeks after the submission of the budget by the President, or at such
    time as the Committee on the Budget may request--

          (A) its views and estimates with respect to all matters to be set
    forth in the concurrent resolution on the budget for the ensuing fiscal
    year that are within its jurisdiction or functions; and

          (B) an estimate of the total amounts of new budget authority, and
    budget outlays resulting therefrom, to be provided or authorized in all
    bills and resolutions within its jurisdiction that it intends to be
    effective during that fiscal year.

      (2) The views and estimates submitted by the Committee on Ways and
    Means under subparagraph (1) shall include a specific recommendation,
    made after holding public hearings, as to the appropriate level of the
    public debt that should be set forth in the concurrent resolution on the
    budget.

    [[Page 534]]

    and were incorporated into this rule effective January 3, 1975 (H. Res.
    988, 93d Cong., Oct. 8, 1974, p. 34470). The requirement of paragraph
    (f)(2) that the Committee on Ways and Means include a specific
    recommendation as to the appropriate level of the public debt in its
    views and estimates submitted to the Committee on the Budget was added
    in the 96th Congress by Public Law 96-78 (93 Stat. 589) and was
    originally intended to apply to concurrent resolutions on the budget for
    fiscal years beginning on or after October 1, 1980. However, in the 96th
    Congress the provisions of that public law amending the Rules of the
    House were made applicable to the third concurrent resolution on the
    budget for fiscal year 1980 as well as the first concurrent resolution
    on the budget for fiscal year 1981 (H. Res. 642, Apr. 23, 1980, pp.
    8789-90). The deadline for submitting views and estimates to the
    Committee on the Budget has changed several times (Balanced Budget and
    Emergency Deficit Control Act of 1985, sec. 232(c), P.L. 99-177; Budget
    Enforcement Act of 1997, sec. 10104, P.L. 105-33; H. Res. 5, 106th
    Cong., Jan. 6, 1999, p. 47). A former paragraph directing standing
    committees to submit reconciliation recommendations to the Committee on
    the Budget was deleted in the 106th Congress (H. Res. 5, Jan. 6, 1999,
    p. 47), but committees are still required to submit such recommendations
    under section 310 of the Congressional Budget Act of 1974. Clerical and
    stylistic changes were effected when the House recodified its rules in
    the 106th Congress (H. Res. 5, Jan. 6, 1999, p. 47). Paragraph (f)(2)
    was amended in the 107th Congress to reflect the repeal of former rule
    XXIII (``Statutory Limit on Public Debt'') (sec. 2(s), H. Res. 5, Jan.
    3, 2001, p. 24), which was reinstated in the 108th Congress as rule
    XXVII (sec. 2(t), H. Res. 5, Jan. 7, 2003, p. 7), renumbered in the
    110th Congress as rule XXVIII (sec. 301, P.L. 110-81), repealed in the
    112th Congress (sec. 2(d)(2), H. Res. 5, Jan. 5, 2011, p. 80),
    reinstated with modifications in the 116th Congress (sec. 102(jj), H.
    Res. 6, Jan. 3, 2019, p. _), and repealed again in the 118th Congress
    (sec. 2(a)(2), H. Res. 5, Jan. 9, 2023, p. _). A gender-based reference
    was eliminated in the 111th Congress (sec. 2(l), H. Res. 5, Jan. 6,
    2009, p. 7).

    Election and membership of standing committees
      The requirements of paragraph (f)(1) were originally contained in
    section 301(c) of the Congressional Budget Act of 1974 (P.L. 93-344,
    July 12, 1974),

    [[Page 535]]

    shall be privileged if offered by direction of the party caucus or
    conference concerned.

    757. Electing committees.

      5.  (a)(1) The standing committees
    specified in clause 1 shall be elected by the House within seven
    calendar days after the commencement of each Congress, from nominations
    submitted by the respective party caucus or conference. A resolution
    proposing to change the composition of a standing committee

      The old rule entrusting the appointment of committees to the Speaker
    was adopted in 1789 and amended in 1790 and in 1860 (IV, 4448-4476).
    Committees are now elected on resolutions offered from the floor (VIII,
    2171) and it is in order to move the previous question on each
    resolution (VIII, 2174). The resolution is not divisible (clause 5 of
    rule XVI), and is privileged (VIII, 2179) if offered by direction of the
    respective party caucus (a requirement that was made part of the rules
    effective January 3, 1975, by the Committee Reform Amendments of 1974
    (H. Res. 988, 93d Cong., Oct. 8, 1974, p. 34470)). That same resolution
    also eliminated the designations in the rules of the numbers of Members
    comprising the standing committees, thereby permitting the House to
    establish committee size by the numbers of Members elected to each
    committee pursuant to this paragraph. The role of the party caucuses in
    presenting privileged resolutions to the House electing Members to
    committees is discussed in detail in Deschler, ch. 17, Sec. 9 (see also
    Precedents (Wickham), ch. 3, Sec. 8). In the 99th Congress the
    requirement for election of standing committees within the first seven
    calendar days and the conferral of privileged status on resolutions from
    the party caucuses to change the composition of standing committees were
    added by section 227 of the Balanced Budget and Emergency Deficit
    Control Act of 1985 (P.L. 99-177). Before the House recodified its rules
    in the 106th Congress, this provision was found in former clause 6 of
    rule X (H. Res. 5, Jan. 6, 1999, p. 47).

    Sec. 758. Budget, composition of.

      (2)  The Committee on the
    Budget shall be composed of members as follows:

          (A) Members, Delegates, or the Resident Commissioner who are
    members of other standing committees, including five from the Committee
    on Appropriations, five from the Committee on Ways and Means, and one
    from the Committee on Rules;

          (B) one Member designated by the elected leadership of the
    majority party; and

          (C) one Member designated by the elected leadership of the
    minority party.

    [[Page 536]]

    sive Congresses, to exempt representatives from the party leaderships
    from the limitation, and to permit an incumbent chair who had served on
    the committee for three Congresses and as chair for not more than one
    Congress to be eligible for reelection as chair for one additional
    Congress (H. Res. 5, Jan. 15, 1979, p. 8). It was again amended in the
    100th Congress to eliminate as obsolete the words ``beginning after
    1974'' following ``any period of five successive Congresses'' as a
    measure of permissible terms of service on the committee (H. Res. 5,
    Jan. 6, 1987, p. 6). It was further amended in the 101st Congress to
    permit, in that Congress only, a minority Member who had served on the
    committee for three terms to run within the party's caucus for the
    position of ranking minority member and thus be able to serve on the
    committee for one additional Congress, and to permit a Member elected as
    ranking minority member during a third term on the committee to serve
    one additional term on the committee as the ranking minority member (H.
    Res. 5, Jan. 3, 1989, p. 72). It was again amended in the 102d Congress
    to extend the waiver of the tenure restriction for the ranking minority
    member of the committee (H. Res. 5, Jan. 3, 1991, p. 39), but in the
    103d Congress that provision was stricken as obsolete (H. Res. 5, Jan.
    5, 1993, p. 49). In the 104th Congress the limitation on a Member's
    service on the committee was relaxed to four Congresses (from three) in
    any period of six successive Congresses, with the exception that a
    Member who has served as chair or as ranking minority member during a
    fourth such Congress may serve in either capacity during a fifth, so
    long as not thereby exceeding two consecutive terms as chair or as
    ranking minority member (sec. 202(a), H. Res. 6, Jan. 4, 1995, p. 464).
    The tenure limitation of clause 5(a)(2)(B) was suspended during the
    106th Congress (sec. 2(b), H. Res. 5, Jan. 6, 1999, p. 47). The special
    tenure limitation for the chair and ranking minority member was replaced
    in the 108th Congress with a provision subjecting the chair only to the
    overall tenure limitation that applies to all standing committee chairs
    (sec. 2(e-1), H. Res. 5, Jan. 7, 2003, p. 7). This provision was
    replaced in the 111th Congress with an exception to the tenure
    limitation for the second consecutive Congress in which a chair or
    ranking minority member serves (sec. 2(d), H. Res. 5, Jan. 6, 2009, p.
    7). In the 109th Congress subdivisions (A)(ii) and (A)(iii) were amended
    to address a member designated by the elected leadership as opposed to a
    member of the elected leadership of each party, and a conforming change
    was made to subdivision (B) (sec. 2(c), H. Res. 5, Jan. 4, 2005, p. 43).
    In the 116th Congress, the term limits in subdivision (B) and the
    accompanying exemptions in subdivision (C) were repealed (sec.
    102(m)(1), H. Res. 6, Jan. 3, 2019, p. _).
      This paragraph (formerly clause 1(d) of rule X) was amended in the
    96th Congress to relax the limitation on Members' service on the
    Committee on the Budget to three Congresses (from two) in any period of
    five succes

    [[Page 537]]

    to 31 (unanimous-consent order, Feb. 7, 1983, p. 1791). In the 99th
    Congress, the House amended this paragraph to remove any numerical
    limitation on the membership of the committee (H. Res. 7, Jan. 3, 1985,
    p. 393). In the 108th Congress the composition of the committee was
    changed to require inclusion of one member from the Committee on Rules
    (sec. 2(e), H. Res. 5, Jan. 7, 2003, p. 7).
      In the 94th Congress the membership of the committee was increased to
    25 (from 23), with 13 (rather than 11) members elected from committees
    other than Appropriations and Ways and Means (H. Res. 5, Jan. 14, 1975,
    p. 20). The membership was increased again in the 97th Congress to 30,
    with 28 from other standing committees and two from the respective
    leaderships (H. Res. 5, Jan. 5, 1981, pp. 98-113), and again in the 98th
    Congress

      Before the House recodified its rules in the 106th Congress, this
    provision was found in former clause 1(d) of rule X (H. Res. 5, Jan. 6,
    1999, p. 47).

    Sec. 759. Committee on Ethics.

      (3)(A)  The Committee on
    Ethics shall be composed of 10 members, five from the majority party and
    five from the minority party.

      (B) Except as permitted by subdivision (C), a member of the Committee
    on Ethics may not serve on the committee during more than three
    Congresses in a period of five successive Congresses (disregarding for
    this purpose any service for less than a full session in a Congress).

      (C) A member of the Committee on Ethics may serve on the committee
    during a fourth or fifth Congress in a period of five successive
    Congresses only as either the chair or the ranking minority member of
    the committee.

    [[Page 538]]

      (4)(A) At the beginning of a Congress, the Speaker or a designee and
    the Minority Leader or a designee each shall name 10 Members, Delegates,
    or the Resident Commissioner from the respective party of such
    individual who are not members of the Committee on Ethics to be
    available to serve on investigative subcommittees of that committee
    during that Congress. The lists of Members, Delegates, or the Resident
    Commissioner so named shall be announced to the House.

      (B) Whenever the chair and the ranking minority member of the
    Committee on Ethics jointly determine that Members, Delegates, or the
    Resident Commissioner named under subdivision (A) should be assigned to
    serve on an investigative subcommittee of that committee, each of them
    shall select an equal number of such Members, Delegates, or Resident
    Commissioner from the respective party of such individual to serve on
    that subcommittee.

      Before the 93d Congress, the rule that established the size of the
    Committee on Ethics (formerly Standards of Official Conduct) at 12
    members also required that its membership be equally divided between the
    parties. Effective in the 93d Congress, the ratio of the committee was
    codified in the first sentence of subparagraph (3)(A) (formerly clause
    6(a)(2)) (H. Res. 988, Oct. 8, 1974, p. 34470). The Ethics Reform Act of
    1989 added a sentence to limit service on the committee (P.L. 101-194,
    Nov. 30, 1989), which was amended in the 105th, 106th, and 117th
    Congresses (sec. 2, H. Res. 168, Sept. 18, 1997, p. 19336; H. Res. 5,
    Jan. 6, 1999, p. 47; sec. 2(n)(1), H. Res. 8, Jan. 4, 2021, p. _). A
    requirement that two members from each party rotate off the committee
    was adopted in the 105th Congress (sec. 2, H. Res. 168, Sept. 18, 1997,
    p. 19336), but was deleted in the 106th Congress (H. Res. 5, Jan. 6,
    1999, p. 47). Subparagraph (4) (formerly clause 6(a)(3)) was adopted in
    the 105th Congress (sec. 1, H. Res. 168, Sept. 18, 1997, p. 19335). The
    106th Congress formally reduced the size of the committee to 10 members,
    which was the de facto size of the committee in the 105th Congress even
    though the Ethics Reform Act of 1989 required each party caucus to
    nominate seven Members (sec. 803(b), P.L. 101-194, Nov. 30, 1989; H.
    Res. 5, Jan. 6, 1999, p. 47). Gender-based references were eliminated in
    the 111th Congress (sec. 2(l), H. Res. 5, Jan. 6, 2009, p. 7). This
    subparagraph was amended in the 112th Congress to reflect a change in
    committee name (sec. 2(e)(8), H. Res. 5, Jan. 5, 2011, p. 80). Before
    the House recodified its rules in the 106th Congress, this provision was
    found in former clause 6(a) of rule X (H. Res. 5, Jan. 6, 1999, p. 47).

    [[Page 539]]

    or Resident Commissioner concerned for election to such committee.
    Should a Member, Delegate, or Resident Commissioner cease to be a member
    of a particular party caucus or conference, that Member, Delegate, or
    Resident Commissioner shall automatically cease to be a member of each
    standing committee to which elected on the basis of nomination by that
    caucus or conference. The chair of the relevant party caucus or
    conference shall notify the Speaker whenever a Member, Delegate, or
    Resident Commissioner ceases to be a member of that caucus or
    conference. The Speaker shall notify the chair of each affected
    committee that the election of such Member, Delegate, or Resident
    Commissioner to the committee is automatically vacated under this
    subparagraph.

    Sec. 760. Party membership as basis for election.

      (b)(1) Membership on a standing committee during the course of
    a  Congress
    shall be contingent on continuing membership in the party caucus or
    conference that nominated the Member, Delegate,

      (2)(A) Except as specified in subdivision (B), a Member, Delegate, or
    Resident Commissioner may not serve simultaneously as a member of more
    than two standing committees or more than four subcommittees of the
    standing committees.

      (B)(i) Ex officio service by a chair or ranking minority member of a
    committee on each of its subcommittees under a committee rule does not
    count against the limitation on subcommittee service.

    [[Page 540]]

      (ii) Service on an investigative subcommittee of the Committee on
    Ethics under paragraph (a)(4) does not count against the limitation on
    subcommittee service.

      (iii) Any other exception to the limitations in subdivision (A) may be
    approved by the House on the recommendation of the relevant party caucus
    or conference.

      (C) In this subparagraph the term ``subcommittee'' includes a panel
    (other than a special oversight panel of the Committee on Armed
    Services), task force, special subcommittee, or other subunit of a
    standing committee that is established for a cumulative period longer
    than six months in a Congress.

      The requirement that membership on standing committees be contingent
    on continuing membership in a party caucus or conference, along with the
    mechanism for the automatic vacating of a Member's election to committee
    should party relationship cease, was added to the rules in the 98th
    Congress (H. Res. 5, Jan. 3, 1983, p. 34). The limitation on full
    committee and subcommittee assignments was added in the 104th Congress
    (sec. 204, H. Res. 6, Jan. 4, 1995, p. 467; see H. Res. 11, Jan. 4,
    1995, p. 549). The exception for special service on an investigative
    subcommittee of the Committee on Ethics (formerly Standards of Official
    Conduct) from the limitation on subcommittee service was added in the
    105th Congress (sec. 1, H. Res. 168, Sept. 18, 1997, p. 19335). A
    technical correction was effected in the 106th and 112th Congresses to
    conform references to a renamed committee (H. Res. 5, Jan. 6, 1999, p.
    47; H. Res. 5, Jan. 5, 2011, p. 80). A technical correction to paragraph
    (b)(2)(B)(iii) was effected in the 109th Congress (sec. 2(l), H. Res. 5,
    Jan. 4, 2005, p. 44). Gender-based references were eliminated in the
    111th Congress (sec. 2(l), H. Res. 5, Jan. 6, 2009, p. 7).

    [[Page 541]]

    ity party takes that responsibility by separate resolution (see, e.g.,
    H. Res. 45, Jan. 24, 1991, p. 2171).

      The Speaker lays before the House communications relative to the
    removal of a Member from committee pursuant to this clause (see, e.g.,
    Sept. 11, 1984, p. 24790; Feb. 22, 1989, p. 2500; May 10, 1995, p.
    12396; July 19, 1999, p. 16586; Feb. 1, 2000, p. 401; Sept. 13, 2000, p.
    17832; July 9, 2019, p. _; Jan. 7, 2020, p. _; Dec. 15, 2020, p. _). The
    Speaker may also lay before the House a communication from a Member
    announcing a change in party affiliation (Sept. 13, 2000, p. 17832). On
    one occasion there was a delay in laying the latter communication before
    the House, and the House by unanimous consent retroactively changed
    informational voting records from the date on the communication (Sept.
    13, 2000, p. 17832). Instance where a Member submitted his resignation
    from a committee on grounds of disqualifying personal interest (VIII,
    3074). The earlier practice was for the minority party to handle
    committee assignments for third-party Members (VIII, 2184-2185). On some
    occasions, the major

    Sec. 761. Committee chairs.

      (c)  One of the members of each
    standing committee shall be elected by the House, on the nomination of
    the majority party caucus or conference, as chair thereof. In the
    absence of the member serving as chair, the member next in rank (and so
    on, as often as the case shall happen) shall act as chair. Rank shall be
    determined by the order members are named in resolutions electing them
    to the committee. In the case of a vacancy in the elected chair of a
    committee, the House shall elect another chair.

      The requirement that nominations for chairs be submitted by the
    majority party caucus was made part of the rules effective January 3,
    1975 (H. Res. 988, 93d Cong., Oct. 8, 1974, p. 34470). A provision
    addressing temporary and permanent vacancies in chairs was adopted on
    April 5, 1911 (VIII, 2201), and was continued in the Legislative
    Reorganization Act of 1946 (60 Stat. 812), but the 111th Congress
    deleted such references when clarifying the devolution of authority in
    case of absence or vacancy (sec. 2(m), H. Res. 5, Jan. 6, 2009, p. 9).
    The 104th Congress adopted a limitation on terms for committee and
    subcommittee chairs (sec. 103(b), H. Res. 6, Jan. 4, 1995, p. 462). The
    109th Congress excepted the Committee on Rules from that limitation
    (sec. 2(c), H. Res. 5, Jan. 4, 2005, p. 43). The 111th Congress repealed
    the limitation (sec. 2(d), H. Res. 5, Jan. 6, 2009, p. 7), the 112th
    Congress restored it (sec. 2(e)(12), H. Res. 5, Jan. 5, 2011, p. 80),
    and the 116th Congress repealed it again (sec. 102(m)(2), H. Res. 6,
    Jan. 3, 2019, p. _). Gender-based references were eliminated in the
    111th Congress (sec. 2(l), H. Res. 5, Jan. 6, 2009, p. 7). Before the
    House recodified its rules in the 106th Congress, this provision was
    found in former clause 6(c) of rule X (H. Res. 5, Jan. 6, 1999, p. 47).

    [[Page 542]]

    Upon the resignation of a chair, the acting chair assumes that role
    without further action of the House (Mar. 3, 2010, p. 2344). The Chair
    has refused to respond to a parliamentary inquiry seeking hypothetical
    guidance on how a Member, having resigned as chair of a committee, could
    be reinstated in that role (Mar. 3, 2010, p. 2344). A Member may resign
    the role of acting chair (Mar. 4, 2010, p. 2573), in which case the
    member third in rank assumes the role of acting chair (Mar. 4, 2010, p.
    2589).
      In the 102d Congress a resolution included as a matter properly
    incidental to its election of the chair of a standing committee a
    proviso that his powers and duties be exercised by the vice chair until
    otherwise ordered by the House (H. Res. 43, Jan. 24, 1991, p. 2169;
    Precedents (Wickham), ch. 3, Sec. 8.2). In the 103d Congress a
    privileged resolution, offered at the direction of the Democratic
    Caucus, authorized a named acting chair to exercise the powers and
    duties of a chair of a standing committee until otherwise ordered by the
    House (H. Res. 396, Mar. 23, 1994, p. 6093).

      In the 116th and 117th Congresses the House adopted a provision,
    effective during a designated public health emergency, to clarify that
    remote participation by the chair was not considered ``absence'' for
    purposes of this paragraph and clause 2(d) of rule XI (sec. 4(c)(1), H.
    Res. 965, May 15, 2020, p. _; sec. 3(s), H. Res. 8, Jan. 4, 2021, p. _).

    Sec. 762. Requirement for subcommittees.

      (d)(1)  Except as
    permitted by subparagraph (2), a committee may have not more than five
    subcommittees.

      (2)(A) A committee that maintains a subcommittee on oversight may have
    not more than six subcommittees.

      (B) The Committee on Agriculture may have not more than six
    subcommittees.

      (C) The Committee on Appropriations may have not more than 13
    subcommittees.

      (D) The Committee on Armed Services may have not more than seven
    subcommittees.

      (E) The Committee on Foreign Affairs may have not more than seven
    subcommittees.

      (F) The Committee on Oversight and Government Reform may have not more
    than seven subcommittees.

      (G) The Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure may have not
    more than six subcommittees.

    [[Page 543]]

    on Transportation and Infrastructure from the list of exceptions to the
    general rule and to add a new exception for committees that maintain a
    subcommittee on oversight (H. Res. 5, Jan. 6, 1999, p. 47). In the
    110th, 116th, 118th and 119th Congresses it was amended to reflect a
    change in the name of a committee (sec. 215(e), H. Res. 6, Jan. 4, 2007,
    p. 19; sec. 102(f), H. Res. 6, Jan. 3, 2019, p. _; sec. 2(j), H. Res. 5,
    Jan. 9, 2023, p. _; sec. 2(d), H. Res. 5, Jan. 3, 2025, p. _). In the
    115th Congress, subparagraph (2) was amended to codify exceptions for
    the Committees on Armed Services, Foreign Affairs, and Transportation
    and Infrastructure (sec. 2(l), H. Res. 5, Jan. 3, 2017, p. 37) that had
    been carried as separate orders for several Congresses. For citation to
    such separate orders, see Sec. 762 of the House Rules and Manual for the
    114th Congress (H. Doc. 113-181). In the 118th Congress, subparagraph
    (2) was amended to codify an exception for the Committee on Agriculture
    that had been carried as a separate order for several Congresses (sec.
    2(l), H. Res. 5, Jan. 9, 2023, p. _). For citation to such separate
    orders, see Sec. 762 of the House Rules and Manual for the 117th
    Congress (H. Doc. 116-177). Before the House recodified its rules in the
    106th Congress, this provision was found in former clause 6(d) of rule X
    (H. Res. 5, Jan. 6, 1999, p. 47).
      This paragraph was adopted in the 104th Congress (sec. 101(b), H. Res.
    6, Jan. 4, 1995, p. 462), replacing a requirement that all standing
    committees having more than 20 members (except the Committee on the
    Budget) establish at least four subcommittees (H. Res. 5, Jan. 14, 1975,
    p. 20). In the 106th Congress the paragraph was amended to delete the
    Committee

      Notwithstanding paragraph (d), the Committee on Oversight and
    Government Reform was permitted to have not more than eight
    subcommittees during the 106th and 107th Congresses (sec. 2(d), H. Res.
    5, Jan. 6, 1999, p. 47; sec. 3(c), H. Res. 5, Jan. 3, 2001, p. 26), and
    the Committee on Financial Services was permitted to have not more than
    seven during the 116th Congress (sec. 103(h), H. Res. 6, Jan. 3, 2019,
    p. _). In the 108th Congress the Committee on Appropriations reorganized
    its subcommittees to reflect the creation of the new Department on
    Homeland Security (P.L. 107-296) by creating a new subcommittee on
    Homeland Security and combining the subcommittees on Transportation and
    Treasury, Postal Service and General Government. That committee reduced
    the number of its subcommittees to 10 in the 109th Congress, and
    increased it to 12 in the 110th Congress.

      (e) The House shall fill a vacancy on a standing committee by election
    on the nomination of the respective party caucus or conference.

    [[Page 544]]

    or House Administration could be elected to serve on not more than two
    standing committees. This limitation was continued through the 80th,
    81st, and part of the 82d Congresses until July 3, 1952 (p. 9217) when
    it was modified so that Members elected to serve on the Committees on
    the District of Columbia, Government Operations, Un-American Activities,
    or House Administration could be elected to serve on not more than two
    standing committees. It was restored to its original form by amendment
    on January 13, 1953 (p. 368) so that there was no limitation in House
    rules on the number of committees to which a Member may be elected until
    the 104th Congress added paragraph (b)(2) (see Sec. 760, supra). Party
    caucuses or conferences have also placed restrictions on committee
    assignments. The role of the respective party caucus or conference in
    making nominations to fill vacancies in standing committees was made
    part of the rule in the 98th Congress (H. Res. 5, Jan. 3, 1983, p. 34).
    Before the House recodified its rules in the 106th Congress, this
    provision was found in former clause 6(e) of rule X (H. Res. 5, Jan. 6,
    1999, p. 47).
      This paragraph was first adopted in the 62d Congress (VIII, 2178). At
    the beginning of the 80th Congress it was amended to prevent a Member
    from serving on more than one standing committee, except that Members
    elected to serve on the Committees on District of Columbia or Un-
    American Activities (renamed the Committee on Internal Security and
    jurisdiction redefined on Feb. 19, 1969, p. 3723) could be elected to
    serve on not more than two standing committees, and that Members of the
    majority party, serving on the Committee on Expenditures in the
    Executive Departments (changed to Committee on Government Operations
    July 3, 1952, p. 9217)

    Expense resolutions
      The House by unanimous consent fixed the relative rank of two Members
    on a committee where an error had been made on the original appointment
    (Jan. 20, 1947, p. 481). The House has filled a vacancy on a standing
    committee (H. Res. 43, Jan. 24, 1991, p. 2169) with a Member
    subsequently designated by the party caucus as ``temporary'' (in order
    to avoid caucus limitations on committee assignments) (Feb. 5, 1991, p.
    2814).

    [[Page 545]]

    on the previous calendar day. For the information of the House, such
    report shall--

    763. Primary expense resolution.

      6.  (a) Whenever a
    committee, commission, or other entity (other than the Committee on
    Appropriations) is granted authorization for the payment of its expenses
    (including staff salaries) for a Congress, such authorization initially
    shall be procured by one primary expense resolution reported by the
    Committee on House Administration. A primary expense resolution may
    include a reserve fund for unanticipated expenses of committees. An
    amount from such a reserve fund may be allocated to a committee only by
    the approval of the Committee on House Administration. A primary expense
    resolution reported to <> the House
    may not be considered in the House unless a report thereon was available

          (1) state the total amount of the funds to be provided to the
    committee, commission, or other entity under the primary expense
    resolution for all anticipated activities and programs of the committee,
    commission, or other entity; and

          (2) to the extent practicable, contain such general statements
    regarding the estimated foreseeable expenditures for the respective
    anticipated activities and programs of the committee, commission, or
    other entity as may be appropriate to provide the House with basic
    estimates of the expenditures contemplated by the primary expense
    resolution.

    Sec. 765.
    Additional expense resolution.

      (b) After the date of adoption by the House  of a primary expense resolution for a
    committee, commission, or other entity for a Congress, authorization for
    the payment of additional expenses (including staff salaries) in that
    Congress may be procured by one or more supplemental expense resolutions
    reported by the Committee on House Administration, as necessary. A
    supplemental expense resolution reported to the House may not be
    considered in the House unless a report thereon was available on the
    previous calendar day. For the information of the House, such report
    shall--

    [[Page 546]]

    for which those additional funds are available; and
          (1) state the total amount of additional funds to be provided to
    the committee, commission, or other entity under the supplemental
    expense resolution and the purposes

          (2) state the reasons for the failure to procure the additional
    funds for the committee, commission, or other entity by means of the
    primary expense resolution.

      (c) The preceding provisions of this clause do not apply to--

    Sec. 766. Exception for certain initial
    funding.

          (1) a  resolution providing for the payment from committee salary
    and expense accounts of the House of sums necessary to pay compensation
    for staff services performed for, or to pay other expenses of, a
    committee, commission, or other entity at any time after the beginning
    of an odd-numbered year and before the date of adoption by the House of
    the primary expense resolution described in paragraph (a) for that year;
    or

          (2) a resolution providing each of the standing committees in a
    Congress additional office equipment, airmail and special-delivery
    postage stamps, supplies, staff personnel, or any other specific item
    for the operation of the standing committees, and containing an
    authorization for the payment from committee salary and expense accounts
    of the House of the expenses of any of the foregoing items provided by
    that resolution, subject to and until enactment of the provisions of the
    resolution as permanent law.

    [[Page 547]]

    were added to the rules in the 92d Congress (H. Res. 5, Jan. 22, 1971,
    p. 144). Effective January 3, 1975 (H. Res. 988, 93d Cong., Oct. 8,
    1974, p. 34470), the authority of all committees to incur expenses,
    including travel expenses, was made contingent upon adoption by the
    House of resolutions reported pursuant to this clause (clause 1(b) of
    rule XI). The clause was amended in the 95th Congress (H. Res. 5, Jan.
    4, 1977, pp. 53-70) to extend its applicability to all committees,
    commissions, and entities rather than just to standing committees.
    Paragraphs (a)-(c) were amended in the 104th Congress to institute
    biennial funding of committee expenses and to require that all committee
    staff salaries and expenses (including statutory staff) be authorized by
    expense resolution (sec. 101(c), H. Res. 6, Jan. 4, 1995, p. 462). In
    the 105th Congress paragraph (a) was amended to permit a primary expense
    resolution to include a reserve fund for unanticipated expenses of
    committees (H. Res. 5, Jan. 7, 1997, p. 121). A technical correction to
    paragraphs (a) and (b) was effected in the 106th Congress to conform
    references to a renamed committee (H. Res. 5, Jan. 6, 1999, p. 47). In
    the 117th Congress this clause was amended to facilitate electronic
    availability of reports on expense resolutions (sec. 2(h)(1), H. Res. 8,
    Jan. 4, 2021, p. _). Before the House recodified its rules in the 106th
    Congress, this provision was found in former clause 5 of rule XI (H.
    Res. 5, Jan. 6, 1999, p. 47).
      Paragraphs (a)-(c) of this clause were contained originally in section
    110(b) of the Legislative Reorganization Act of 1970 (84 Stat. 1140) and

      The Committee on Appropriations is not covered by this clause, but is
    reimbursed by funds in appropriation Acts for expenses of examinations
    of estimates of appropriations in the field (31 U.S.C. 1108). An
    exemption from this clause for the Committee on the Budget was effective
    from the enactment of the Congressional Budget Act of 1974 through the
    103d Congress.

      Based on the exception stated in paragraph (c), a resolution
    establishing a task force of members of a standing committee and
    providing for the payment of its expenses from the contingent fund of
    the House (now referred to as ``applicable accounts of the House
    described in clause 1(k)(1) of rule X'') was held not to be subject to a
    point of order under clause 5(a) of rule XI (now clause 6(a) of this
    rule) for lack of report language detailing the funding provided,
    because the resolution was called up at the beginning of the session
    before consideration of a primary expense resolution for all committees
    for that calendar year (Feb. 5, 1992, p. 1621).

    [[Page 548]]

    and that the minority party is treated fairly in the appointment of such
    staff.

    Sec. 767. Funds for committee staffs; expense
    resolutions.

      (d)  From the funds made available for the appointment of
    committee staff by a primary or additional expense resolution, the chair
    of each committee shall ensure that sufficient staff is made available
    to each subcommittee to carry out its responsibilities under the rules
    of the committee

      Paragraph (d) was adopted in the 104th Congress (sec. 101(c)(4), H.
    Res. 6, Jan. 4, 1995, p. 462). A preceding form of the paragraph, first
    adopted in the 94th Congress, authorized the chair and ranking minority
    member of a subcommittee each to appoint one staff member to the
    subcommittee (H. Res. 5, Jan. 14, 1975, p. 20). As adopted in the 93d
    Congress to take effect on the first day of the 94th Congress, the
    paragraph had required that each standing committee, upon request of a
    majority of its minority members, devote one-third of its staffing funds
    to the needs of the minority (H. Res. 988, Oct. 8, 1974, p. 34470). As
    adopted in the 92d Congress, the paragraph required that the minority be
    accorded fair consideration in the appointment of committee staff (H.
    Res. 5, Jan. 22, 1971, p. 144). Before the House recodified its rules in
    the 106th Congress, this provision was found in former clause 5(d) of
    rule X (H. Res. 5, Jan. 6, 1999, p. 47). A gender-based reference was
    eliminated in the 111th Congress (sec. 2(l), H. Res. 5, Jan. 6, 2009, p.
    7).

      (e) Funds authorized for a committee under this clause and clauses 7
    and 8 are for expenses incurred in the activities of the committee.

    Interim funding
      Before the House recodified its rules in the 106th Congress, this
    provision was found in former clause 2(n)(1) of rule XI (H. Res. 5, Jan.
    6, 1999, p. 47).

    768. Interim funding.

      7. (a)  For the period beginning at
    noon on January 3 and ending at midnight on March 31 in each odd-
    numbered year, such sums as may be necessary shall be paid out of the
    committee salary and expense accounts of the House for continuance of
    necessary investigations and studies by--

          (1) each standing and select committee established by these rules;
    and

    [[Page 549]]

          (2) except as specified in paragraph (b), each select committee
    established by resolution.

      (b) Amounts shall be made available for a select committee established
    by resolution in the preceding Congress only if--

          (1) a resolution proposing to reestablish such select committee is
    introduced in the present Congress; and

          (2) the House has not adopted a resolution of the preceding
    Congress providing for termination of funding for investigations and
    studies by such select committee.

      (c) Each committee described in paragraph (a) shall be entitled for
    each month during the period specified in paragraph (a) to 9 percent (or
    such lesser percentage as may be determined by the Committee on House
    Administration) of the total annualized amount made available under
    expense resolutions for such committee in the preceding session of
    Congress.

      (d) Payments under this clause shall be made on vouchers authorized by
    the committee involved, signed by the chair of the committee, except as
    provided in paragraph (e), and approved by the Committee on House
    Administration.

    [[Page 550]]

      (e) Notwithstanding any provision of law, rule of the House, or other
    authority, from noon on January 3 of the first session of a Congress
    until the election by the House of the committee concerned in that
    Congress, payments under this clause shall be made on vouchers signed by
    the ranking member of the committee as it was constituted at the
    expiration of the preceding Congress who is a member of the majority
    party in the present Congress.

      (f)(1) The authority of a committee to incur expenses under this
    clause shall expire upon adoption by the House of a primary expense
    resolution for the committee.

      (2) Amounts made available under this clause shall be expended in
    accordance with regulations prescribed by the Committee on House
    Administration.

      (3) This clause shall be effective only insofar as it is not
    inconsistent with a resolution reported by the Committee on House
    Administration and adopted by the House after the adoption of these
    rules.

      This clause (formerly clause 5(f) of rule XI) was originally adopted
    in the 99th Congress to provide automatic interim funding for committees
    at the beginning of a Congress (H. Res. 7, Jan. 3, 1985, p. 393).
    Resolutions providing such interim funding had been routinely adopted at
    the convening of Congress before the adoption of this standing
    authority. In the 100th Congress, the provision was amended to make the
    automatic committee funding mechanism applicable to the first three
    months of the second session of a Congress, as well as the first
    session, and to authorize the Committee on House Administration to
    establish interim funding for any committee at a percentage lower than 9
    percent of the total annualized amount (H. Res. 5, Jan. 6, 1987, p. 6).
    In the 104th and 106th Congresses technical corrections were effected to
    conform references to a renamed committee (sec. 202(b), H. Res. 6, Jan.
    4, 1995, p. 464; H. Res. 5, Jan. 6, 1999, p. 47). Clerical corrections
    were effected in the 107th Congress (sec. 2(x), H. Res. 5, Jan. 3, 2001,
    p. 24). Paragraph (e) was simplified and a gender-based reference was
    eliminated in the 111th Congress (secs. 2(l), 2(m), H. Res. 5, Jan. 6,
    2009, p. 7). In the 119th Congress a technical change was effected to
    paragraph (b) (sec. 2(j)(1), H. Res. 5, Jan. 3, 2025, p. _). Before the
    House recodified its rules in the 106th Congress, this provision was
    found in former clause 5(f) of rule XI (H. Res. 5, Jan. 6, 1999, p. 47).

    [[Page 551]]

    ing committee (Jan. 4, 2005, p. 71). The House has adopted a special
    order of business extending the period for interim funding under
    paragraph (a) (sec. 10, H. Res. 233, Mar. 16, 2021, p. _).

    Travel
      At its organization the 104th Congress suspended the operation of
    paragraph (f) in favor of special provisions for interim funding in
    light of its abolishment of three standing committees, its reduction in
    the overall number of committee staff, and its institution of biennial
    primary expense resolutions (sec. 101(c)(3), H. Res. 6, Jan. 4, 1995, p.
    462). The House by unanimous consent has agreed to a resolution
    providing funding for interim expenses of a new select committee (Feb.
    13, 2003, p. 3793) and a new stand

    769. Committee travel.

      8. (a)  Local currencies owned by the
    United States shall be made available to the committee and its employees
    engaged in carrying out their official duties outside the United States
    or its territories or possessions. Appropriated funds, including those
    authorized under this clause and clause 6, may not be expended for the
    purpose of defraying expenses of members of a committee or its employees
    in a country where local currencies are available for this purpose.

      (b) The following conditions shall apply with respect to travel
    outside the United States or its territories or possessions:

          (1) A member or employee of a committee may not receive or expend
    local currencies for subsistence in a country for a day at a rate in
    excess of the maximum per diem set forth in applicable Federal law.

          (2) A member or employee shall be reimbursed for the expenses of
    such individual for a day at the lesser of--

              (A) the per diem set forth in applicable Federal law; or

    [[Page 552]]

              (B) the actual, unreimbursed expenses (other than for
    transportation) incurred during that day.

    Sec. 770. Travel reports.

          (3)  Each member or employee of
    a committee shall make to the chair of the committee an itemized report
    showing the dates each country was visited, the amount of per diem
    furnished, the cost of transportation furnished, and funds expended for
    any other official purpose and shall summarize in these categories the
    total foreign currencies or appropriated funds expended. Each report
    shall be filed with the chair of the committee not later than 60 days
    following the completion of travel for use in complying with reporting
    requirements in applicable Federal law and shall be open for public
    inspection.

      (c)(1) In carrying out the activities of a committee outside the
    United States in a country where local currencies are unavailable, a
    member or employee of a committee may not receive reimbursement for
    expenses (other than for transportation) in excess of the maximum per
    diem set forth in applicable Federal law.

      (2) A member or employee shall be reimbursed for the expenses of such
    individual for a day, at the lesser of--

          (A) the per diem set forth in applicable Federal law; or

          (B) the actual unreimbursed expenses (other than for
    transportation) incurred during that day.

    [[Page 553]]

    the United States unless the member or employee actually paid for the
    transportation.
      (3) A member or employee of a committee may not receive reimbursement
    for the cost of any transportation in connection with travel outside

      (d) The restrictions respecting travel outside the United States set
    forth in paragraph (c) also shall apply to travel outside the United
    States by a Member, Delegate, Resident Commissioner, officer, or
    employee of the House authorized under any standing rule.

      Before the adoption of this clause (formerly clause 2(n) of rule XI)
    and of clause 1(b) of rule XI under the Committee Reform Amendments of
    1974, effective January 3, 1975 (H. Res. 988, 93d Cong., Oct. 8, 1974,
    p. 34470), each committee was given separate authority to incur expenses
    in connection with its investigations and studies, and certain
    committees were authorized to use local currencies for foreign committee
    travel, in resolutions reported from the Committee on Rules in each
    Congress. This clause was amended in the 95th Congress (H. Res. 5, Jan.
    4, 1977, pp. 53-70) to clarify the availability of local currencies for
    travel outside the United States and its territories and possessions, to
    require reports within 60 days for use in complying with statutory
    reporting requirements, and to authorize the Committee on House
    Administration to recommend in expense resolutions expenses for foreign
    as well as domestic travel. This clause was further amended on March 2,
    1977 (H. Res. 287, 95th Cong., pp. 5933-53) to limit all travel expenses
    to the maximum per diem rate or actual, unreimbursed expenses, whichever
    is less. Before the House recodified its rules in the 106th Congress,
    this provision was found in former clause 2(n) of rule XI, except that
    the ``lame duck'' travel prohibitions formerly found in clause 2(n)(5)
    of rule XI and clause 8 of rule I were transferred to former rule XXV
    (redesignated as rule XXIV in the 107th Congress) (H. Res. 5, Jan. 6,
    1999, p. 47). Clerical corrections were effected and gender-based
    references were eliminated in the 111th Congress (secs. 2(l), 2(m), H.
    Res. 5, Jan. 6, 2009, p. 7).

    [[Page 554]]

    Committee staffs
      Under section 502(b) of the Mutual Security Act of 1954 (22 U.S.C.
    1754(b)), foreign local currencies owned or purchased by the United
    States may be used for foreign travel expenses by members or employees
    of standing or select committees when authorized by the chair thereof,
    and by other Members or employees when authorized by the Speaker.
    Consolidated committee reports prepared on a quarterly basis, and
    individual reports required within 30 days after the travel involved,
    must be forwarded to the Clerk of the House and published in the
    Congressional Record.

    771. Thirty professional staff.

      9.  (a)(1) Subject to
    subparagraph (2) and paragraph (f), each standing committee may appoint,
    by majority vote, not more than 30 professional staff members to be
    compensated from the funds provided for the appointment of committee
    staff by primary and additional expense resolutions. Each professional
    staff <> member appointed under this
    subparagraph shall be assigned to the chair and the ranking minority
    member of the committee, as the committee considers advisable.

    [[Page 555]]

    staff member appointed under this subparagraph shall be assigned to such
    committee business as the minority party members of the committee
    consider advisable.

    Sec. 773. Minority.

      (2)  Subject to paragraph (f) whenever a
    majority of the minority party members of a standing committee (other
    than the Committee on Ethics or the Permanent Select Committee on
    Intelligence) so request, not more than 10 persons (or one-third of the
    total professional committee staff appointed under this clause,
    whichever is fewer) may be selected, by majority vote of the minority
    party members, for appointment by the committee as professional staff
    members under subparagraph (1). The committee shall appoint persons so
    selected whose character and qualifications are acceptable to a majority
    of the committee. If the committee determines that the character and
    qualifications of a person so selected are unacceptable, a majority of
    the minority party members may select another person for appointment by
    the committee to the professional staff until such appointment is made.
    Each professional

    [[Page 556]]

    p. 80). Before the House recodified its rules in the 106th Congress,
    this provision was found in former clause 6 of rule XI (H. Res. 5, Jan.
    6, 1999, p. 47).
      This clause (formerly clause 6 of rule XI) had its origins in section
    202 of the Legislative Reorganization Act of 1946 (60 Stat. 812), which
    allocated up to four nonpartisan professionals to each committee other
    than Appropriations and specifically provided for clerical staff, and
    which was incorporated into the rules on January 3, 1953 (p. 24).
    Section 302(b) of the Legislative Reorganization Act of 1970 (84 Stat.
    1140), which increased the authorized maximum for professional staff
    from four to six and added the concept of minority staffing, was
    incorporated into the rules in the 92d Congress (H. Res. 5, Jan. 22,
    1971, p. 144). In the 93d Congress the maximum was increased from six to
    18, the minority entitlement within that number was increased from two
    to six, a requirement that professional staff be appointed without
    regard to political affiliation was eliminated, and prohibitions against
    consideration of race, creed, sex, or age in the appointment of staff
    were added (H. Res. 988, Oct. 8, 1974, p. 34470). An exemption for the
    Committee on the Budget was included in section 901 of the Congressional
    Budget Act of 1974 (88 Stat. 330), was later omitted under the Committee
    Reform Amendments of 1974 (H. Res. 988, Oct. 8, 1974, p. 34470), and was
    reinserted by the 94th Congress (H. Res. 5, Jan. 14, 1975, p. 20). The
    requirement added in 1975 that staff positions made available to
    subcommittee chairs and ranking minority members pursuant to former
    provisions of clause 5 of rule XI be provided from staff positions
    available under this clause unless provided in a primary or additional
    expense resolution was eliminated in the 104th Congress (sec. 101(c)(5),
    H. Res. 6, Jan. 4, 1995, p. 462). The 98th Congress added the Permanent
    Select Committee on Intelligence to the exception for the Committee on
    Ethics (formerly Standards of Official Conduct) (H. Res. 58, Mar. 1,
    1983, p. 3241). The 101st Congress added an exemption for the Committee
    on Rules (H. Res. 5, Jan. 3, 1989, p. 72). The Ethics Reform Act of 1989
    struck the antidiscrimination provisions as redundant (P.L. 101-194,
    Nov. 30, 1989). The 104th Congress eliminated the former distinction
    between professional and clerical staff, set the authorized maximum for
    committee staff under expense resolutions at 30, eliminated subcommittee
    entitlement to staff, and set the entitlement of the full committee
    minority within that number at one-third (sec. 101(c)(5), H. Res. 6,
    Jan. 4, 1995, p. 462). The 104th Congress also mandated that the total
    number of staff of House committees be at least one-third less than the
    corresponding total in the 103d Congress (sec. 101(a), H. Res. 6, Jan.
    4, 1995, p. 462). A gender-based reference was eliminated in the 111th
    Congress (sec. 2(l), H. Res. 5, Jan. 6, 2009, p. 7). Subparagraph (2)
    was amended in the 112th Congress to reflect a change in committee name
    (sec. 2(e)(8), H. Res. 5, Jan. 5, 2011,

      Additional staff of committees are authorized by the Committee on
    House Administration and agreed to by the House. There is no legal power
    to fill a vacancy in the clerkship of a committee after one Congress has
    expired and before the next House has been organized (IV, 4539). An
    assault upon the clerk of a committee within the walls of the Capitol
    was held to be a breach of privilege (II, 1629). The pay of clerks has
    been the subject of several decisions (IV, 4536-4538).

    Sec. 774. Consultants and training.

      Committees  may, with the
    approval of the Committee on House Administration, procure the temporary
    or intermittent services of consultants and obtain specialized training
    for professional staff, subject to expense resolutions, under the
    Legislative Reorganization Act of 1970, sections 303 and 304 (2 U.S.C.
    4301(i) and (j)).

    Sec. 775. Staff duties.

      (b)(1)  The professional staff
    members of each standing committee--

          (A) may not engage in any work other than committee business
    during congressional working hours; and

          (B) may not be assigned a duty other than one pertaining to
    committee business.

    Sec. 776. ``Associate'' or ``shared'' staff.

      (2)(A) Subparagraph (1) does not apply to staff designated by a
    committee  as
    ``associate'' or ``shared'' staff who are not paid exclusively by the
    committee, provided that the chair certifies that the compensation paid
    by the committee for any such staff is commensurate with the work
    performed for the committee in accordance with clause 8 of rule XXIII.

    [[Page 557]]

    tration in connection with the reporting of any primary or additional
    expense resolution.

      (B) The use of any ``associate'' or ``shared'' staff by a committee
    other than the Committee on Appropriations shall be subject to the
    review of, and to any terms, conditions, or limitations established by,
    the Committee on House Adminis

      The Ethics Reform Act of 1989 prescribed that staff work be confined
    to committee business during congressional working hours but maintained
    exceptions for the Committees on the Budget and Rules (P.L. 101-194,
    Nov. 30, 1989). The 104th Congress eliminated exceptions by committee in
    favor of exceptions for ``associate'' or ``shared'' staff (sec.
    101(c)(5), H. Res. 6, Jan. 4, 1995, p. 462). Technical corrections were
    effected in the 104th Congress (H. Res. 254, Nov. 30, 1995, p. 35077);
    in the 106th Congress, which conformed references to a renamed committee
    (H. Res. 5, Jan. 6, 1999, p. 47); in the 107th Congress, which conformed
    references to a redesignated rule (sec. 2(s), H. Res. 5, Jan. 3, 2001,
    p. 24); and in the 108th Congress, which confined the exception for the
    Committee on Appropriations to subparagraph (B), rather than to the
    entire paragraph (sec. 2(f), H. Res. 5, Jan. 7, 2003, p. 7). A gender-
    based reference was eliminated in the 111th Congress (sec. 2(l), H. Res.
    5, Jan. 6, 2009, p. 7). Before the House recodified its rules in the
    106th Congress, this provision was found in former clause 6 of rule XI
    (H. Res. 5, Jan. 6, 1999, p. 47).

    Sec. 777. Pay.

      (c)  Each employee on the professional or
    investigative staff of a standing committee shall be entitled to pay at
    a single gross per annum rate, to be fixed by the chair and that does
    not exceed the maximum rate of pay as in effect from time to time under
    applicable provisions of law.

    [[Page 558]]

    reference was eliminated in the 111th Congress (sec. 2(l), H. Res. 5,
    Jan. 6, 2009, p. 7). Before the House recodified its rules in the 106th
    Congress, this provision was found in former clause 6 of rule XI (H.
    Res. 5, Jan. 6, 1999, p. 47).

      This provision (formerly clause 6(c) of rule XI) was derived from
    section 477(c) of the Legislative Reorganization Act of 1970 (84 Stat.
    1140) and was incorporated into the rules in the 92d Congress (H. Res.
    5, Jan. 22, 1971, p. 144). Under the Committee Reform Amendments of
    1974, effective January 3, 1975 (H. Res. 988, 93d Cong., Oct. 8, 1974,
    p. 34470), the maximum salary was set at level V of the Executive
    Schedule, rather than at the highest rate of basic pay law (5 U.S.C.
    5332(a)(1)), as specified in the 1970 Reorganization Act, and effective
    in the 95th Congress (H. Res. 5, Jan. 4, 1977, pp. 53-70), the authority
    for two professional staff to be paid at level IV of the Executive
    Schedule was added to the clause. Under section 311 of the Legislative
    Branch Appropriations Act, 1988 (2 U.S.C. 4532), the maximum salary for
    staff members is now set by pay order of the Speaker. At the beginning
    of the 101st Congress, references to particular levels of the executive
    schedule were deleted (H. Res. 5, Jan. 3, 1989, p. 72). In the 104th
    Congress this paragraph was amended to reflect the elimination of the
    former distinction between ``professional'' and ``clerical'' staff (sec.
    101(c)(5), H. Res. 6, Jan. 4, 1995, p. 462). A gender-based

    Sec. 778. Staff, Committee on Appropriations.

      (d)  Subject to
    appropriations hereby authorized, the Committee on Appropriations may
    appoint by majority vote such staff as it determines to be necessary (in
    addition to the clerk of the committee and assistants for the minority).
    The staff appointed under this paragraph, other than minority
    assistants, shall possess such qualifications as the committee may
    prescribe.

      This paragraph (formerly clause 6(d) of rule XI) derives from section
    202(b) of the Legislative Reorganization Act of 1946 (60 Stat. 812),
    which was incorporated into the rules on January 3, 1953 (p. 24). The
    exemption was extended to the Committee on the Budget by section 901 of
    the Congressional Budget Act of 1974 (88 Stat. 330). The reference to
    that committee was inadvertently omitted by the 93d Congress (H. Res.
    988, Oct. 8, 1974, p. 34470) and reinserted by the 94th Congress (H.
    Res. 5, Jan. 14, 1975, p. 20). The 104th Congress deleted the exemption
    for the Committee on the Budget (sec. 101(c)(5), H. Res. 6, Jan. 4,
    1995, p. 462). Before the House recodified its rules in the 106th
    Congress, this provision was found in former clause 6(d) of rule XI (H.
    Res. 5, Jan. 6, 1999, p. 47).

    Sec. 779. Detailed employees.

      (e)  A committee may not
    appoint to its staff an expert or other personnel detailed or assigned
    from a department or agency of the Government except with the written
    permission of the Committee on House Administration.

      This paragraph was contained in section 202(f) of the Legislative
    Reorganization Act of 1946 (60 Stat. 812) and was incorporated into the
    rules on January 3, 1953 (p. 24). In the 104th and 106th Congresses it
    was amended to conform references to a renamed committee (sec. 202(b),
    H. Res. 6, Jan. 4, 1995, p. 464; H. Res. 5, Jan. 6, 1999, p. 47).

    [[Page 559]]

    (a) is made when no vacancy exists for such an appointment, the
    committee nevertheless may appoint under paragraph (a) a person selected
    by the minority and acceptable to the committee. A person so appointed
    shall serve as an additional member of the professional staff of the
    committee until such a vacancy occurs (other than a vacancy in the
    position of head of the professional staff, by whatever title
    designated), at which time that person is considered as appointed to
    that vacancy. Such a person shall be paid from the applicable accounts
    of the House described in clause 1(k)(1) of rule X. If such a vacancy
    occurs on the professional staff when seven or more persons have been so
    appointed who are eligible to fill that vacancy, a majority of the
    minority party members shall designate which of those persons shall fill
    the vacancy.
      (f) If a request for the appointment of a minority professional staff
    member under paragraph

      (g) Each staff member appointed pursuant to a request by minority
    party members under paragraph (a), and each staff member appointed to
    assist minority members of a committee pursuant to an expense resolution
    described in clause 6(a), shall be accorded equitable treatment with
    respect to the fixing of the rate of pay, the assignment of work
    facilities, and the accessibility of committee records.

    [[Page 560]]

    graph (a)(1) who are satisfactory to a majority of the minority party
    members are otherwise assigned to assist the minority party members.

      (h) Paragraph (a) may not be construed to authorize the appointment of
    additional professional staff members of a committee pursuant to a
    request under paragraph (a) by the minority party members of that
    committee if 10 or more professional staff members provided for in para

      Paragraphs (f)-(h) (formerly clause 6(f)-(h) of rule XI) are derived
    from section 302(c) of the Legislative Reorganization Act of 1970 (84
    Stat. 1140) and were incorporated into the rules in the 92d Congress (H.
    Res. 5, Jan. 22, 1971, p. 144). Effective January 3, 1975 (H. Res. 988,
    93d Cong., Oct. 8, 1974, p. 34470), conforming changes were made in
    paragraphs (f) and (h) to reflect increased minority professional and
    clerical staff permitted to committees under paragraphs (a) and (b) of
    this clause. In the 104th Congress paragraphs (f)-(h) were amended to
    reflect the elimination of the former distinction between
    ``professional'' and ``clerical'' staff (sec. 101(c)(5), H. Res. 6, Jan.
    4, 1995, p. 462). The 104th Congress also mandated that the total number
    of staff of House committees be at least one-third less than the
    corresponding total in the 103d Congress (sec. 101(a), H. Res. 6, Jan.
    4, 1995, p. 462). In the 105th Congress paragraph (f) was amended to
    update an archaic reference to the ``contingent fund'' (H. Res. 5, Jan.
    7, 1997, p. 121). Before the House recodified its rules in the 106th
    Congress, this provision was found in former clause 6 of rule XI (H.
    Res. 5, Jan. 6, 1999, p. 47). A clerical correction was effected in the
    107th Congress (sec. 2(x), H. Res. 5, Jan. 3, 2001, p. 24), and
    conforming changes to paragraph (f) were effected in the 109th and 112th
    Congresses (sec. 2(a), H. Res. 5, Jan. 4, 2005, p. 42; sec. 2(e)(8), H.
    Res. 5, Jan. 5, 2011, p. 80).

    Sec. 780. Nonpartisan staff.

      (i)  Notwithstanding paragraph
    (a)(2), a committee may employ nonpartisan staff, in lieu of or in
    addition to committee staff designated exclusively for the majority or
    minority party, by an affirmative vote of a majority of the members of
    the majority party and of a majority of the members of the minority
    party.

    [[Page 561]]

    of each party. In the 104th Congress it was amended to reflect the
    elimination of the former distinction between ``professional'' and
    ``clerical'' staff (sec. 101(c)(5), H. Res. 6, Jan. 4, 1995, p. 462).
    Before the House recodified its rules in the 106th Congress, this
    provision was found in former clause 6(i) of rule XI (H. Res. 5, Jan. 6,
    1999, p. 47).
      Section 202(a) of the Legislative Reorganization Act of 1946 (60 Stat.
    812), which was incorporated into the rules on January 3, 1953 (p. 24),
    required committee professional staffs to be appointed on a permanent
    basis without regard to political affiliation. The concept of minority
    staffing was added by section 302(b) of the Legislative Reorganization
    Act of 1970. Under the Committee Reform Amendments of 1974, effective
    January 3, 1975 (H. Res. 988, 93d Cong., Oct. 8, 1974, p. 34470),
    paragraph (i) (formerly clause 6(i) of rule XI) was added to permit
    committees to employ nonpartisan staff upon an affirmative vote of the
    majority of the members

    Select and joint committees

    Sec. 781. Former reports on staff.

      Effective  in the 95th
    Congress (H. Res. 5, Jan. 4, 1977, pp. 53-70), former clause 6(j) of
    rule XI, which was added on January 3, 1953 (p. 24) and which was
    contained in section 134(b) of the Legislative Reorganization Act of
    1945, was deleted; that clause required committees to report
    semiannually to the Clerk on the names, professions, and salaries of
    committee employees.

    [[Page 562]]

    782. Party membership as basis for
    appointment.

      10. (a)  Membership on a select or joint committee appointed by
    the Speaker under clause 11 of rule I during the course of a Congress
    shall be contingent on continuing membership in the party caucus or
    conference of which the Member, Delegate, or Resident Commissioner
    concerned was a member at the time of appointment. Should a Member,
    Delegate, or Resident Commissioner cease to be a member of that caucus
    or conference, that Member, Delegate, or Resident Commissioner shall
    automatically cease to be a member of any select or joint committee to
    which assigned. The chair of the relevant party caucus or conference
    shall notify the Speaker whenever a Member, Delegate, or Resident
    Commissioner ceases to be a member of a party caucus or conference. The
    Speaker shall notify the chair of each affected select or joint
    committee that the appointment of such Member, Delegate, or Resident
    Commissioner to the select or joint committee is automatically vacated
    under this paragraph.

      This party membership requirement for select and joint committees,
    analogous to clause 5(b), was added in the 98th Congress (H. Res. 5,
    1983, Jan. 3, 1983, p. 34). Gender-based references were eliminated in
    the 111th Congress (sec. 2(l), H. Res. 5, Jan. 6, 2009, p. 7). Before
    the House recodified its rules in the 106th Congress, this provision was
    found in former clause 6(g) of rule X (H. Res. 5, Jan. 6, 1999, p. 47).

    Sec. 783. Select and joint committee compliance.

      (b)  Each
    select or joint committee, other than a conference committee, shall
    comply with clause 2(a) of rule XI unless specifically exempted by law.

      Before the House recodified its rules in the 106th Congress, paragraph
    (b) was found in clause 2(a) of rule XI (H. Res. 5, Jan. 6, 1999, p.
    47). The extension of clause 2(a) requirements to select and joint
    committees was added to clause 2(a) when that rule was rewritten by the
    Committee Reform Amendments of 1974 (H. Res. 988, 93d Cong., Oct. 8,
    1974, p. 34470).

    Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence

    Sec. 784. Aging.

      A  paragraph (i) of former clause 6 of rule
    X was incorporated into the rules effective January 3, 1975 (H. Res.
    988, 93d Cong., Oct. 8, 1974, p. 34470), to provide for a permanent
    select committee on aging. That provision was stricken in the 103d
    Congress (H. Res. 5, Jan. 5, 1993, p. 49).

    785. Permanent Select Committee on
    Intelligence.

      11. (a)(1) There is  established a Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence
    (hereafter in this clause referred to as the ``select committee''). The
    select committee shall be composed of not more than 25 Members,
    Delegates, or the Resident Commissioner, of whom not more than 14 may be
    from the same party. The select committee shall include at least one
    Member, Delegate, or the Resident Commissioner from each of the
    following committees:

          (A) the Committee on Appropriations;

          (B) the Committee on Armed Services;

          (C) the Committee on Foreign Affairs; and

    [[Page 563]]

          (D) the Committee on the Judiciary.

      (2) The Speaker and the Minority Leader shall be ex officio members of
    the select committee but shall have no vote in the select committee and
    may not be counted for purposes of determining a quorum thereof.

      (3) The Speaker and Minority Leader each may designate a respective
    leadership staff member to assist in the capacity of the Speaker or
    Minority Leader as ex officio member, with the same access to committee
    meetings, hearings, briefings, and materials as employees of the select
    committee and subject to the same security clearance and confidentiality
    requirements as employees of the select committee under this clause.

      (4)(A) Except as permitted by subdivision (B), a Member, Delegate, or
    Resident Commissioner, other than the Speaker or the Minority Leader,
    may not serve as a member of the select committee during more than four
    Congresses in a period of six successive Congresses (disregarding for
    this purpose any service for less than a full session in a Congress).

      (B) In the case of a Member, Delegate, or Resident Commissioner
    appointed to serve as the chair or the ranking minority member of the
    select committee, tenure on the select committee shall not be limited.

    [[Page 564]]

      (b)(1) There shall be referred to the select committee proposed
    legislation, messages, petitions, memorials, and other matters relating
    to the following:

          (A) The Central Intelligence Agency, the Director of National
    Intelligence, and the National Intelligence Program as defined in
    section 3(6) of the National Security Act of 1947.

          (B) Intelligence and intelligence-related activities of all other
    departments and agencies of the Government, including the tactical
    intelligence and intelligence-related activities of the Department of
    Defense.

          (C) The organization or reorganization of a department or agency
    of the Government to the extent that the organization or reorganization
    relates to a function or activity involving intelligence or
    intelligence-related activities.

          (D) Authorizations for appropriations, both direct and indirect,
    for the following:

              (i) The Central Intelligence Agency, the Director of National
    Intelligence, and the National Intelligence Program as defined in
    section 3(6) of the National Security Act of 1947.

              (ii) Intelligence and intelligence-related activities of all
    other departments and agencies of the Government, including the tactical
    intelligence and intelligence-related activities of the Department of
    Defense.

              (iii) A department, agency, subdivision, or program that is a
    successor to an agency or program named or referred to in (i) or (ii).

    [[Page 565]]

    matter otherwise within the jurisdiction of a standing committee shall
    be referred by the Speaker to that standing committee. Proposed
    legislation initially reported by another committee that contains matter
    within the jurisdiction of the select committee shall be referred by the
    Speaker to the select committee if requested by the chair of the select
    committee.
      (2) Proposed legislation initially reported by the select committee
    (other than provisions solely involving matters specified in
    subparagraph (1)(A) or subparagraph (1)(D)(i)) containing any

      (3) Nothing in this clause shall be construed as prohibiting or
    otherwise restricting the authority of any other committee to study and
    review an intelligence or intelligence-related activity to the extent
    that such activity directly affects a matter otherwise within the
    jurisdiction of that committee.

      (4) Nothing in this clause shall be construed as amending, limiting,
    or otherwise changing the authority of a standing committee to obtain
    full and prompt access to the product of the intelligence and
    intelligence-related activities of a department or agency of the
    Government relevant to a matter otherwise within the jurisdiction of
    that committee.

    [[Page 566]]

    select committee shall proceed in a manner consistent with paragraph (g)
    to protect national security.
      (c)(1) For purposes of accountability to the House, the select
    committee shall make regular and periodic reports to the House on the
    nature and extent of the intelligence and intelligence-related
    activities of the various departments and agencies of the United States.
    The select committee shall promptly call to the attention of the House,
    or to any other appropriate committee, a matter requiring the attention
    of the House or another committee. In making such report, the

      (2) The select committee shall obtain annual reports from the Director
    of National Intelligence, the Director of the Central Intelligence
    Agency, the Secretary of Defense, the Secretary of State, and the
    Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation. Such reports shall
    review the intelligence and intelligence-related activities of the
    agency or department concerned and the intelligence and intelligence-
    related activities of foreign countries directed at the United States or
    its interests. An unclassified version of each report may be made
    available to the public at the discretion of the select committee.
    Nothing herein shall be construed as requiring the public disclosure in
    such reports of the names of persons engaged in intelligence or
    intelligence-related activities for the United States or the divulging
    of intelligence methods employed or the sources of information on which
    the reports are based or the amount of funds authorized to be
    appropriated for intelligence and intelligence-related activities.

    [[Page 567]]

    1974 regarding matters within the jurisdiction of the select committee.
      (3) Within six weeks after the President submits a budget under
    section 1105(a) of title 31, United States Code, or at such time as the
    Committee on the Budget may request, the select committee shall submit
    to the Committee on the Budget the views and estimates described in
    section 301(d) of the Congressional Budget Act of

      (d)(1) Except as specified in subparagraph (2), clauses 8(a), (b), and
    (c) and 9(a), (b), and (c) of this rule, and clauses 1, 2, and 4 of rule
    XI shall apply to the select committee to the extent not inconsistent
    with this clause.

      (2) Notwithstanding the requirements of the first sentence of clause
    2(g)(2) of rule XI, in the presence of the number of members required
    under the rules of the select committee for the purpose of taking
    testimony or receiving evidence, the select committee may vote to close
    a hearing whenever a majority of those present determines that the
    testimony or evidence would endanger the national security.

      (e) An employee of the select committee, or a person engaged by
    contract or otherwise to perform services for or at the request of the
    select committee, may not be given access to any classified information
    by the select committee unless such employee or person has--

          (1) agreed in writing and under oath to be bound by the Rules of
    the House, including the jurisdiction of the Committee on Ethics and of
    the select committee concerning the security of classified information
    during and after the period of the employment or contractual agreement
    of such employee or person with the select committee; and

    [[Page 568]]

    telligence, that is commensurate with the sensitivity of the classified
    information to which such employee or person will be given access by the
    select committee.
          (2) received an appropriate security clearance, as determined by
    the select committee in consultation with the Director of National In

      (f) The select committee shall formulate and carry out such rules and
    procedures as it considers necessary to prevent the disclosure, without
    the consent of each person concerned, of information in the possession
    of the select committee that unduly infringes on the privacy or that
    violates the constitutional rights of such person. Nothing herein shall
    be construed to prevent the select committee from publicly disclosing
    classified information in a case in which it determines that national
    interest in the disclosure of classified information clearly outweighs
    any infringement on the privacy of a person.

      (g)(1) The select committee may disclose publicly any information in
    its possession after a determination by the select committee that the
    public interest would be served by such disclosure. With respect to the
    disclosure of information for which this paragraph requires action by
    the select committee--

          (A) the select committee shall meet to vote on the matter within
    five days after a member of the select committee requests a vote; and

    [[Page 569]]

          (B) a member of the select committee may not make such a
    disclosure before a vote by the select committee on the matter, or after
    a vote by the select committee on the matter except in accordance with
    this paragraph.

      (2)(A) In a case in which the select committee votes to disclose
    publicly any information that has been classified under established
    security procedures, that has been submitted to it by the executive
    branch, and that the executive branch requests be kept secret, the
    select committee shall notify the President of such vote.

      (B) The select committee may disclose publicly such information after
    the expiration of a five-day period following the day on which notice of
    the vote to disclose is transmitted to the President unless, before the
    expiration of the five-day period, the President, personally in writing,
    notifies the select committee that the President objects to the
    disclosure of such information, provides reasons therefor, and certifies
    that the threat to the national interest of the United States posed by
    the disclosure is of such gravity that it outweighs any public interest
    in the disclosure.

      (C) If the President, personally in writing, notifies the select
    committee of objections to the disclosure of information as provided in
    subdivision (B), the select committee may, by majority vote, refer the
    question of the disclosure of such information, with a recommendation
    thereon, to the House. The select committee may not publicly disclose
    such information without leave of the House.

    [[Page 570]]

    the House is in session following the day on which the vote occurs,
    report the matter to the House for its consideration.
      (D) Whenever the select committee votes to refer the question of
    disclosure of any information to the House under subdivision (C), the
    chair shall, not later than the first day on which

      (E) If the chair of the select committee does not offer in the House a
    motion to consider in closed session a matter reported under subdivision
    (D) within four calendar days on which the House is in session after the
    recommendation described in subdivision (C) is reported, then such a
    motion shall be privileged when offered by a Member, Delegate, or
    Resident Commissioner. In either case such a motion shall be decided
    without debate or intervening motion except one that the House adjourn.

      (F) Upon adoption by the House of a motion to resolve into closed
    session as described in subdivision (E), the Speaker may declare a
    recess subject to the call of the Chair. At the expiration of the
    recess, the pending question, in closed session, shall be, ``Shall the
    House approve the recommendation of the select committee?''.

    [[Page 571]]

    proved, then the question is considered as recommitted to the select
    committee for further recommendation.
      (G) Debate on the question described in subdivision (F) shall be
    limited to two hours equally divided and controlled by the chair and
    ranking minority member of the select committee. After such debate the
    previous question shall be considered as ordered on the question of
    approving the recommendation without intervening motion except one
    motion that the House adjourn. The House shall vote on the question in
    open session but without divulging the information with respect to which
    the vote is taken. If the recommendation of the select committee is not
    ap

      (3)(A) Information in the possession of the select committee relating
    to the lawful intelligence or intelligence-related activities of a
    department or agency of the United States that has been classified under
    established security procedures, and that the select committee has
    determined should not be disclosed under subparagraph (1) or (2), may
    not be made available to any person by a Member, Delegate, Resident
    Commissioner, officer, or employee of the House except as provided in
    subdivision (B).

      (B) The select committee shall, under such regulations as it may
    prescribe, make information described in subdivision (A) available to a
    committee or a Member, Delegate, or Resident Commissioner, and permit a
    Member, Delegate, or Resident Commissioner to attend a hearing of the
    select committee that is closed to the public. Whenever the select
    committee makes such information available, it shall keep a written
    record showing, in the case of particular information, which committee
    or which Member, Delegate, or Resident Commissioner received the
    information. A Member, Delegate, or Resident Commissioner who, and a
    committee that, receives information under this subdivision may not
    disclose the information except in a closed session of the House.

    [[Page 572]]

    telligence-related information by a Member, Delegate, Resident
    Commissioner, officer, or employee of the House in violation of
    subparagraph (3) and report to the House concerning any allegation that
    it finds to be substantiated.
      (4) The Committee on Ethics shall investigate any unauthorized
    disclosure of intelligence or in

      (5) Upon the request of a person who is subject to an investigation
    described in subparagraph (4), the Committee on Ethics shall release to
    such person at the conclusion of its investigation a summary of its
    investigation, together with its findings. If, at the conclusion of its
    investigation, the Committee on Ethics determines that there has been a
    significant breach of confidentiality or unauthorized disclosure by a
    Member, Delegate, Resident Commissioner, officer, or employee of the
    House, it shall report its findings to the House and recommend
    appropriate action. Recommendations may include censure, removal from
    committee membership, or expulsion from the House, in the case of a
    Member, or removal from office or employment or punishment for contempt,
    in the case of an officer or employee.

      (h) The select committee may permit a personal representative of the
    President, designated by the President to serve as a liaison to the
    select committee, to attend any closed meeting of the select committee.

    [[Page 573]]

    of, a department or agency of the United States to carry out any of the
    following activities, unless the funds shall previously have been
    authorized by a bill or joint resolution passed by the House during the
    same or preceding fiscal year to carry out such activity for such fiscal
    year:
      (i) Subject to the Rules of the House, funds may not be appropriated
    for a fiscal year, with the exception of a bill or joint resolution
    continuing appropriations, or an amendment thereto, or a conference
    report thereon, to, or for use

          (1) The activities of the Director of National Intelligence and
    the Office of the Director of National Intelligence.

          (2) The activities of the Central Intelligence Agency.

          (3) The activities of the Defense Intelligence Agency.

          (4) The activities of the National Security Agency.

          (5) The intelligence and intelligence-related activities of other
    agencies and subdivisions of the Department of Defense.

          (6) The intelligence and intelligence-related activities of the
    Department of State.

          (7) The intelligence and intelligence-related activities of the
    Federal Bureau of Investigation.

          (8) The intelligence and intelligence-related activities of all
    other departments and agencies of the executive branch.

      (j)(1) In this clause the term ``intelligence and intelligence-related
    activities'' includes--

    [[Page 574]]

    other association in a foreign country, and that relates to the defense,
    foreign policy, national security, or related policies of the United
    States and other activity in support of the collection, analysis,
    production, dissemination, or use of such information;
          (A) the collection, analysis, production, dissemination, or use of
    information that relates to a foreign country, or a government,
    political group, party, military force, movement, or

          (B) activities taken to counter similar activities directed
    against the United States;

          (C) covert or clandestine activities affecting the relations of
    the United States with a foreign government, political group, party,
    military force, movement, or other association;

          (D) the collection, analysis, production, dissemination, or use of
    information about activities of persons within the United States, its
    territories and possessions, or nationals of the United States abroad
    whose political and related activities pose, or may be considered by a
    department, agency, bureau, office, division, instrumentality, or
    employee of the United States to pose, a threat to the internal security
    of the United States; and

          (E) covert or clandestine activities directed against persons
    described in subdivision (D).

      (2) In this clause the term ``department or agency'' includes any
    organization, committee, council, establishment, or office within the
    Federal Government.

    [[Page 575]]

    ligence-related activities now conducted by the department, agency,
    bureau, or subdivision referred to in this clause.
      (3) For purposes of this clause, reference to a department, agency,
    bureau, or subdivision shall include a reference to any successor
    department, agency, bureau, or subdivision to the extent that a
    successor engages in intelligence or intel

      (k) Clause 12(a) of rule XXII does not apply to meetings of a
    conference committee respecting legislation (or any part thereof)
    reported by the Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence.

    [[Page 576]]

    Jan. 4, 2007, p. 19 (adopted Jan. 5, 2007)); (15) to eliminate gender-
    based references (sec. 2(l), H. Res. 5, 111th Cong., Jan. 6, 2009, p.
    7); (16) to increase the size of the committee to not more than 22
    members, of whom not more than 13 shall be of the same political party
    (H. Res. 97, 111th Cong., Jan. 28, 2009, p. 1946); (17) to conform
    references to a renamed committee and to reduce the size of the
    committee to not more than 20 members, of whom not more than 12 shall be
    of the same political party (secs. 2(e)(8), 2(e)(11), H. Res. 5, 112th
    Cong., Jan. 5, 2011, p. 80); (18) to increase the size of the committee
    to not more than 22 members, of whom not more than 13 shall be of the
    same political party (sec. 2(a)(9), H. Res. 5, 114th Cong., Jan. 6,
    2015, p. 34); (19) to increase the size of the committee to not more
    than 25 members, of whom not more than 14 shall be of the same political
    party (sec. 1(a), H. Res. 78, 118th Cong., Jan. 31, 2023, p. _). By
    order of the House, the size of the committee was increased for the
    107th Congress to not more than 20 members, of whom not more than 11
    could be of the same political party (Precedents (Wickham), ch. 3,
    Sec. 8.8), for the 113th Congress to not more than 21 members (Feb. 13,
    2013, p. 1374), and for the 117th Congress to not more than 23 members
    (March 12, 2021, p. _). Before the House recodified its rules in the
    106th Congress, this provision was found in former rule XLVIII (H. Res.
    5, Jan. 6, 1999, p. 47). The Intelligence Reform and Terrorism
    Prevention Act of 2004 (P.L. 108-458) reorganized the intelligence
    community.

    Sec. 786. Membership,
    administration, jurisdiction.

      This clause (formerly rule XLVIII) was  adopted in the 95th Congress (H. Res.
    658, July 14, 1977, pp. 22932-49) and has had several technical
    amendments: (1) to change the size of the committee from 13 to 14
    members (H. Res. 70, 96th Cong., Jan. 25, 1979, p. 1023); (2) to conform
    references to a renamed committee (H. Res. 89, 96th Cong., Feb. 5, 1979,
    p. 1848); (3) to change the size to not more than 16 members (H. Res.
    33, 99th Cong., Jan. 30, 1985, p. 1271); (4) to change the size to not
    more than 17 members and to change the cross-reference in clause 7(c)(1)
    to include paragraph (a) or (b) (H. Res. 5, 100th Cong., Jan. 6, 1987,
    p. 6); (5) to change the size to not more than 19 members (H. Res. 5,
    101st Cong., Jan. 3, 1989, p. 73) and to permit the Speaker to attend
    meetings and have access to information (H. Res. 268, Nov. 14, 1989, p.
    28789); (6) to strike obsolete language relating to tenure restrictions
    in clause 1 and relating to the requirement for authorizations of
    appropriations in clause 9 (H. Res. 5, 102d Cong., Jan. 3, 1991, p. 39);
    (7) to limit the size of the panel to 16, with no more than nine members
    from the same party; to set the tenure limitation at four Congresses
    within a period of six Congresses, with exceptions for ongoing service
    as chair or ranking minority member; to make the Speaker (rather than
    the Majority Leader) an ex officio member of the panel (as opposed to
    former free access to its meetings and information); and to conform
    references to renamed committees (sec. 221, H. Res. 6, 104th Cong., Jan.
    4, 1995, p. 469); (8) to make certain conforming changes (Budget
    Enforcement Act of 1997, sec. 10104, P.L. 105-33; H. Res. 5, Jan. 6,
    1999, p. 47); (9) to increase the size of the committee to not more than
    18 members, of whom not more than 10 shall be of the same political
    party (sec. 2(h), H. Res. 5, 107th Cong., Jan. 3, 2001, p. 25); (10) to
    make a clerical correction in a cross reference (sec. 2(x), H. Res. 5,
    107th Cong., Jan. 3, 2001, p. 26); (11) to remove the tenure limitation
    for the chair and ranking minority member (sec. 2(e-1), H. Res. 5, 108th
    Cong., Jan. 7, 2003, p. 7); (12) to increase the size of the committee
    to not more than 21 members, of whom not more than 12 shall be of the
    same political party (H. Res. 51, 109th Cong., Jan. 26, 2005, p. 826);
    (13) to conform references to a renamed committee (sec. 213(c), H. Res.
    6, 110th Cong., Jan. 4, 2007, p. 19); (14) to conform jurisdictional
    statements to changes in the intelligence community (sec. 504, H. Res.
    6, 110th Cong.,

      More substantive amendments have been adopted as follows: (1) clause 4
    was amended to make former clause 6(c) of rule XI (current clause 9(c)
    of rule X) applicable to salaries of the staff of the committee (H. Res.
    5, Jan. 15, 1979, pp. 7-16); (2) paragraph (d) (formerly clause 4) was
    amended to make an exception to the provisions of clause 2(g)(2) of rule
    XI (requiring a majority of the membership of a committee be present in
    order to vote to close a hearing) to allow the committee to vote to go
    into executive session if a majority of the members present, there being
    in attendance the requisite number under the committee rules for the
    purpose of taking testimony, determine that it is necessary to do so for
    national security reasons (but in no event to be determined by less than
    two members) (H. Res. 165, Mar. 29, 1979, p. 6820); (3) paragraph (d)
    (formerly clause 4) was amended to provide the committee with permanent
    professional and clerical staff as provided by former clauses 6(a) and
    (b) of rule XI (current clauses 9(a) and (b) of rule X) (H. Res. 58,
    Mar. 1, 1983, p. 3241); (4) paragraph (b)(1) (formerly clause 2(a)) was
    amended to clarify jurisdiction over the National Foreign Intelligence
    Program and the tactical intelligence and intelligence-related
    activities of the Department of Defense and paragraph (a)(3) (formerly
    clause 1(b)) was added to clarify staffing arrangements for the Speaker
    and the Minority Leader as ex officio members (sec. 221, H. Res. 6, Jan.
    4, 1995, p. 469).

    [[Page 577]]

    the U.S. and to report thereon, together with appropriate
    recommendations, not later than the close of the 95th Congress (sec. 3,
    H. Res. 658; see H. Rept. 95-1795, Oct. 14, 1978), and transferred to
    the committee all records, files, documents, and other materials of the
    Select Committee on Intelligence of the 94th Congress in the possession,
    custody, or control of the Clerk of the House.
      The resolution creating the committee directed the committee to make a
    study with respect to intelligence and intelligence-related activities
    of

      The committee has shared jurisdiction with the Committee on the
    Judiciary over electronic surveillance of foreign intelligence (Nov. 4,
    1977, p. 37070) and with the Committees on Science, Space, and
    Technology and Foreign Affairs over a bill establishing a satellite
    monitoring commission (Mar. 15, 1988, p. 3847), and has sole
    jurisdiction over a resolution of inquiry directing the Secretary of
    Defense to furnish to the House documents and information on Cuban or
    other foreign military or paramilitary presence in Panama or the Canal
    Zone (Apr. 6, 1978, p. 9105).

      Paragraph (g)(2) places restrictions on the committee only with
    respect to the public disclosure of classified information in the
    possession of that committee, and does not prevent the House from
    determining to release any matter properly presented to it in secret
    session pursuant to clause 10 of rule XVII (formerly rule XXIX) (Feb.
    25, 1980, p. 3618).

     end segment .007  deg. segment .008 -- rule XI  deg.

      In the 107th Congress the committee was given oversight authority
    described in clause 3(m) of rule X (sec. 2(f), H. Res. 5, Jan. 3, 2001,
    p. 25).