    [Constitution, Jefferson's Manual, and the Rules of the House of Representatives, 109th Congress]
    [109th Congress]
    [House Document 108-241]
    [Rules of the House of Representatives]
    [Pages 424-533]
    [From the U.S. Government Publishing Office, www.gpo.gov]

                                     Rule X

    Committees and their legislative jurisdictions
                           organization of committees

    714. Number and jurisdiction of standing
    committees.

      1.  There shall be in the House the following standing
    committees, each of which shall have the jurisdiction and related
    functions assigned by this clause and clauses 2, 3, and 4. All bills,
    resolutions, and other matters relating to subjects within the
    jurisdiction of the standing committees listed in this clause shall be
    referred to those committees, in accordance with clause 2 of rule XII,
    as follows:

    [[Page 425]]

    988, 93d Cong., Oct. 8, 1974, p. 34470). The Committee on Internal
    Security was abolished in the 94th Congress (H. Res. 5, Jan. 14, 1975,
    p. 20) thereby setting the total number of standing committees at 22.
      Under the Legislative Reorganization Act of 1946 (60 Stat. 812), the
    44 committees of the 79th Congress were consolidated into 19, effective
    January 2, 1947. The total number of standing committees grew over time
    with the creation of the Committee on Science and Astronautics (now
    Science), established on July 21, 1958 (p. 14513); the Committee on
    Standards of Official Conduct, established on April 13, 1967 (p. 9425);
    the Committee on the Budget, established on July 12, 1974, by the
    Congressional Budget Act of 1974 (88 Stat. 297); and the Committee on
    Small Business, established as a standing committee effective January 3,
    1975 (H. Res.

      The 104th Congress reduced the total number to 19 by abolishing the
    Committees on the District of Columbia, Merchant Marine and Fisheries,
    and Post Office and Civil Service (sec. 202(a), H. Res. 6, Jan. 4, 1995,
    p. 464). Matters formerly in the jurisdiction of the Committees on the
    District of Columbia and Post Office and Civil Service were transferred
    to the Committee on Government Reform (formerly Government Reform and
    Oversight); and matters formerly in the jurisdiction of the Committee on
    Merchant Marine and Fisheries were transferred to the Committees on
    Resources (formerly Natural Resources), Transportation and
    Infrastructure (formerly Public Works and Transportation), Armed
    Services (formerly National Security during the 104th and 105th
    Congresses), and Science (formerly Science, Space, and Technology) (sec.
    202(a), H. Res. 6, Jan. 4, 1995, p. 464).

      A Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence was established in the
    95th Congress (H. Res. 658, July 14, 1977, pp. 22932-49). Before the
    House recodified its rules in the 106th Congress, the Select Committee
    was found in former rule XLVIII (current clause 11 of rule X) (H. Res.
    5, Jan. 6, 1999, p. 47). A permanent Select Committee on Aging was added
    to clause 6 of this rule effective January 3, 1975 (H. Res. 988, 93d
    Cong., Oct. 8, 1974, p. 34470) until stricken in the 103d Congress (H.
    Res. 5, Jan. 5, 1993, p. 49).

      Although earlier forms of the rule specified the number of Members
    comprising each of the standing committees, those specifications were
    eliminated in the 93d Congress, leaving to the House the authority to
    establish the sizes of committees by the numbers elected to each
    standing committee pursuant to clause 5 of rule X. The rules still
    specify part of the composition of the Committee on the Budget (clause
    5(a)(2) of rule X) as well as the overall size and preferred composition
    of the Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence (clause 11(a) of rule
    X; Jan. 6, 2001, p. 115).

    [[Page 426]]

    most bills is accomplished by unanimous consent (see Procedure, ch. 17,
    Sec. Sec. 17-38).
      The Speaker refers public bills in accordance with clause 1 of rule X,
    but when the House itself refers a bill it may send it to any committee
    without regard to the rules of jurisdiction (IV, 4375; V, 5527; VII,
    2131) and jurisdiction is thereby conferred (IV, 4362-4364; VII, 2105).
    Motions for change of reference of public bills and resolutions must be
    authorized by the committee claiming jurisdiction (clause 7 of rule XII;
    VII, 2121; Feb. 13, 1918, p. 2070; Jan. 10, 1941, p. 100), must be made
    immediately following the reading of the Journal (VII, 1809, 2119,
    2120), must apply to a single bill and not to a class of bills (VII,
    2125), must apply to a bill erroneously referred (VII, 2125), may be
    amended (VII, 2127), may not be divided (VII, 2125), and may not be
    debated (VII, 2126, 2128), but are not in order on Calendar Wednesday
    (VII, 2117), and are not privileged if the original reference was not
    erroneous (VII, 2125). The rereferral of

      Before the 94th Congress, a bill could not be divided among two or
    more committees, even though it might contain matters properly within
    the jurisdiction of several committees (IV, 4372). The Committee Reform
    Amendments of 1974 added former clause 5 of rule X (current clause 2 of
    rule XII), permitting the Speaker to refer any matter to more than one
    committee (H. Res. 988, 93d Cong., Oct. 8, 1974, p. 34470). That
    provision was amended in the 104th Congress to require the Speaker to
    designate a primary committee among those to which a matter is initially
    referred (sec. 205, H. Res. 6, Jan. 4, 1995, p. 467). However, the
    provision was amended again in the 108th Congress to permit the Speaker
    to refrain from designating a primary committee in extraordinary
    circumstances (sec. 2(i), H. Res. 5, Jan. 7, 2003, p. ----; see
    Sec. 816, infra).

      A committee having jurisdiction of a subject by means of a petition
    (IV, 3365) properly referred (IV, 4361) can report on the subject
    thereof. It has generally been held that a committee may not report a
    bill whereof the subject matter has not been referred to it by the House
    (IV, 4355-4360, 4372; VII, 1029, 2101, 2102). Where a House bill is
    returned from the Senate with a substitute amendment relating to a new
    and different subject, the reference could nevertheless be to the
    committee having jurisdiction of the original bill (IV, 4373, 4374);
    normally, however such amended measures are held at the Speaker's table
    until disposed of by the House. The erroneous reference of a public bill
    under this rule, if it remains uncorrected, gives jurisdiction (IV,
    4365-4371; VII, 2108), but such is not the case with a private bill or
    petition (IV, 3364, 4382-4389) unless the reference be made by action of
    the House itself (IV, 4390, 4391; VII 2131). A point of order as to the
    reference of a private bill is good when the bill comes up for
    consideration, either in the House or in the Committee of the Whole (IV,
    4382-4389; VII, 2116, 2132; VIII, 2262) or at any time before passage
    (VII, 2116). The reference of a bill to a committee involving the same
    subject matter as a bill previously reported confers jurisdiction anew
    upon the committee to consider and report the bill subsequently
    introduced (VIII, 2311).

    [[Page 427]]

      Clause 4 of rule XII prohibits the reception or consideration of
    certain private bills relating to claims, pensions, construction of
    bridges, and the correction of military or naval records. In the 104th
    Congress the House adopted a rule to prohibit introduction or
    consideration of any bill or resolution expressing a commemoration by
    designation of a specified period of time (current clause 5 of rule XII,
    former clause 2 of rule XXII) (sec. 216, H. Res. 6, Jan. 4, 1995, p.
    468).

      (a) Committee on Agriculture.

    Sec. 715. Agriculture.

          (1)  Adulteration of seeds, insect
    pests, and protection of birds and animals in forest reserves.

          (2) Agriculture generally.

          (3) Agricultural and industrial chemistry.

          (4) Agricultural colleges and experiment stations.

          (5) Agricultural economics and research.

          (6) Agricultural education extension services.

          (7) Agricultural production and marketing and stabilization of
    prices of agricultural products, and commodities (not including
    distribution outside of the United States).

          (8) Animal industry and diseases of animals.

          (9) Commodity exchanges.

          (10) Crop insurance and soil conservation.

          (11) Dairy industry.

          (12) Entomology and plant quarantine.

          (13) Extension of farm credit and farm security.

          (14) Inspection of livestock, poultry, meat products, and seafood
    and seafood products.

          (15) Forestry in general and forest reserves other than those
    created from the public domain.

          (16) Human nutrition and home economics.

          (17) Plant industry, soils, and agricultural engineering.

          (18) Rural electrification.

    [[Page 428]]

          (19) Rural development.

          (20) Water conservation related to activities of the Department of
    Agriculture.

      This committee was established in 1820 (IV, 4149). In 1880 the subject
    of forestry was added to its jurisdiction, and the committee was
    conferred authority to receive estimates of and to report appropriations
    (IV, 4149). However, on July 1, 1920, authority to report appropriations
    for the Department of Agriculture was transferred to the Committee on
    Appropriations (VII, 1860).

      The basic form of the present jurisdictional statement was made
    effective January 2, 1947, as a part of the Legislative Reorganization
    Act of 1946 (60 Stat. 812). Subparagraph (7) was altered by the 93d
    Congress, effective January 3, 1975, to include jurisdiction over
    agricultural commodities (including the Commodity Credit Corporation)
    while transferring jurisdiction over foreign distribution and
    nondomestic production of commodities to the Committee on International
    Relations (H. Res. 988, 93d Cong., Oct. 8, 1974, p. 34470).
    Nevertheless, the committee has retained a limited jurisdiction over
    measures to release CCC stocks for such foreign distribution (Sept. 14,
    1989, p. 20428). Previously unstated jurisdictions over commodities
    exchanges and rural development were codified effective January 3, 1975.

      The 104th Congress consolidated the committee's jurisdiction over
    inspection of livestock and meat products to include inspection of
    poultry, seafood, and seafood products, and added subparagraph (20)
    relating to water conservation (sec. 202(a), H. Res. 6, Jan. 4, 1995, p.
    464). Clerical and stylistic changes were effected when the House
    recodified its rules in the 106th Congress (H. Res. 5, Jan. 6, 1999, p.
    47).

      The Committee has had jurisdiction of bills for establishing and
    regulating the Department of Agriculture (IV, 4150), for inspection of
    livestock and meat products, regulation of animal industry, diseases of
    animals (IV, 4154; VII, 1862), adulteration of seeds, insect pests,
    protection of birds and animals in forest reserves (IV, 4157; VII,
    1870), the improvement of the breed of horses, even with the cavalry
    service in view (IV, 4158; VII, 1865).

    [[Page 429]]

    search center (May 14, 1996, p. 11070). The Committee shares with the
    committee on the Judiciary jurisdiction over a bill comprehensively
    amending the Immigration and Nationality Act and including food stamp
    eligibility requirements for aliens (Sept. 19, 1995, p. 25533).
      The Committee, having charge of the general subject of forestry, has
    reported bills relating to timber, and forest reserves other than those
    created from the public domain (IV, 4160). The Committee on Resources,
    and not this committee, has jurisdiction over a bill to convey land that
    is part of a National Forest created from the public domain (Mar. 23,
    2004, p. ----). It also has exercised jurisdiction of bills: relating to
    agricultural colleges and experiment stations (IV, 4152), incorporation
    of agricultural societies (IV, 4159), and establishment of a highway
    commission (IV, 4153); to discourage fictitious and gambling
    transactions in farm products (IV, 4161; VII, 1861); to regulate the
    transportation, sale, and handling of dogs and cats intended for use in
    research and the licensing of animal research facilities (July 29, 1965,
    p. 18691); and to designate an agricultural re

      The House referred the President's message dealing with the
    refinancing of farm-mortgage indebtedness to the committee, thus
    conferring jurisdiction (Apr. 4, 1933, p. 1209).

      The Committee has jurisdiction over a bill relating solely to
    executive level positions in the Department of Agriculture (Mar. 2,
    1976, p. 4958) and has jurisdiction over bills to develop land and water
    conservation programs on private and non-Federal lands (June 7, 1976, p.
    16768).

      (b) Committee on Appropriations.

    Sec. 716. Appropriations.

          (1)    Appropriation of the
    revenue for the support of the Government.

          (2) Rescissions of appropriations contained in appropriation Acts.

          (3) Transfers of unexpended balances.

          (4) Bills and joint resolutions reported by other committees that
    provide new entitlement authority as defined in section 3(9) of the
    Congressional Budget Act of 1974 and referred to the committee under
    clause 4(a)(2).

      This committee was established in 1865, when all the general
    appropriation bills were confided to its care. In 1885 a portion of the
    bills were distributed to other committees. On July 1, 1920, the
    committee again was given jurisdiction over all appropriations by an
    amendment to the rules adopted June 1, 1920 (VII, 1741).

      In the 95th Congress this paragraph was amended to correct a
    typographical error (H. Res. 5, Jan. 4, 1977, p. 53). Subparagraph (4)
    was amended in the 105th and 106th Congresses to conform to changes made
    by the Budget Enforcement Act of 1997 (sec. 10116, P.L. 105-33; H. Res.
    5, Jan. 6, 1999, p. 47). When the House recodified its rules in the
    106th Congress, it transferred an undesignated portion of this paragraph
    to clause 3(f)(2) of rule XIII (H. Res. 5, Jan. 6, 1999, p. 47).

    [[Page 430]]

    committee in clause 3 of rule X, effective January 3, 1975 (formerly
    clause 2(b)(3) of rule X) (H. Res. 988, 93d Cong., Oct. 8, 1974, p.
    34470). The Committee is also authorized and directed to hold hearings
    on the budget as a whole in open session within 30 days of its
    submission (clause 4(a)(1)(A) of rule X), and to study on a continuing
    basis provisions of law providing spending authority or permanent budget
    authority and to report to the House recommendations for terminating or
    modifying such provisions (clause 4(a)(3) of rule X). The requirement of
    section 139 of the Legislative Reorganization Act of 1946 (60 Stat. 812)
    that the Committees on Appropriations of the House and Senate develop a
    standard appropriation classification schedule was superseded by section
    202(a) of the Legislative Reorganization Act of 1970 (84 Stat. 1167),
    which now imposes that responsibility upon the Secretary of the Treasury
    and the Office of Management and Budget. The further requirement of
    section 139 of the 1946 Act that the Appropriations Committees study
    existing permanent appropriations and recommend which, if any, should be
    discontinued was made the responsibility of all standing committees of
    the House by clauses 4(e) of rule X, through enactment of section 253 of
    the 1970 Act (84 Stat. 1175).
      The authority to conduct studies and examinations of the organization
    and operation of executive departments and agencies was first given to
    this committee on February 11, 1943 (p. 884); continued by resolution of
    January 9, 1945 (p. 135); and incorporated into permanent law in section
    202(b) of the Legislative Reorganization Act of 1946 (60 Stat. 812).
    This authority was first made part of the standing rules on January 3,
    1953 (pp. 17, 24), and is now listed as a special oversight
    responsibility of the

      Although this committee has authority to report appropriations, the
    power to report legislation relating thereto belongs to other committees
    (IV, 4033; clause 2 of rule XXI), and a general appropriation bill
    reported from this committee may not contain items of appropriation not
    authorized by law or provisions amending existing law (except
    retrenchments and rescissions of appropriations) (clause 2 of rule XXI),
    and may not contain reappropriations of unexpended balances except
    within agencies (clause 2 of rule XXI). General appropriation bills may
    not be considered in the House until hearings thereon have been
    available for three days (clause 4 of rule XIII).

    Sec. 717. Responsibilities under Budget Act.

      Effective  July
    12, 1974, special Presidential messages on rescissions and deferrals of
    budget authority submitted pursuant to sections 1012 and 1013 of the
    Impoundment Control Act of 1974 (2 U.S.C. 683, 684), as well as
    rescission bills and impoundment resolutions defined in section 1011 (2
    U.S.C. 682) and required in section 1017 (2 U.S.C. 688) to be referred
    to the appropriate committee, are referred to the Committee on
    Appropriations if the proposed rescissions or deferrals involve funds
    already appropriated or obligated. Also effective July 12, 1974, the
    Congressional Budget Act of 1974 (sec. 404(a)) added to the committee's
    jurisdiction, and later perfected by the Committee Reform Amendments of
    1974 (H. Res. 988, 93d Cong., Oct. 8, 1974, p. 34470), subparagraphs
    (2), (3), and (4).

      (c) Committee on Armed Services.

    [[Page 431]]

    Sec. 718. Armed Services.

          (1)  Ammunition depots; forts;
    arsenals; and Army, Navy, and Air Force reservations and establishments.

          (2) Common defense generally.

          (3) Conservation, development, and use of naval petroleum and oil
    shale reserves.

          (4) The Department of Defense generally, including the Departments
    of the Army, Navy, and Air Force, generally.

          (5) Interoceanic canals generally, including measures relating to
    the maintenance, operation, and administration of interoceanic canals.

          (6) Merchant Marine Academy and State Maritime Academies.

          (7) Military applications of nuclear energy.

          (8) Tactical intelligence and intelligence-related activities of
    the Department of Defense.

          (9) National security aspects of merchant marine, including
    financial assistance for the construction and operation of vessels,
    maintenance of the U.S. shipbuilding and ship repair industrial base,
    cabotage, cargo preference, and merchant marine officers and seamen as
    these matters relate to the national security.

          (10) Pay, promotion, retirement, and other benefits and privileges
    of members of the armed forces.

          (11) Scientific research and development in support of the armed
    services.

          (12) Selective service.

          (13) Size and composition of the Army, Navy, Marine Corps, and Air
    Force.

          (14) Soldiers' and sailors' homes.

    [[Page 432]]

          (15) Strategic and critical materials necessary for the common
    defense.

      This committee was established January 2, 1947, as a part of the
    Legislative Reorganization Act of 1946 (60 Stat. 812), combining the
    Committee on Military Affairs with the Committee on Naval Affairs, both
    of which had been created in 1822 (IV, 4179, 4189) and had had
    jurisdiction over appropriations from 1885 to 1920 (IV, 4179, 4189; VII,
    1741). The Committee was redesignated the Committee on National Security
    in the 104th Congress (sec. 202(a), H. Res. 6, Jan. 4, 1995, p. 464) and
    was redesignated again the Committee on Armed Services in the 106th
    Congress (H. Res. 5, Jan. 6, 1999, p. 47). Clerical and stylistic
    changes were effected when the House recodified its rules in the 106th
    Congress, including the deletion of a redundant undesignated recitation
    of a special oversight function (H. Res. 5, Jan. 6, 1999, p. 47).

      Much of the present legislative jurisdiction in this paragraph was
    adopted on January 3, 1953 (p. 17), to reflect jurisdiction over the
    Department of Defense, which was created in the National Security Act of
    1947 (61 Stat. 495). In the 95th Congress, when the Joint Committee on
    Atomic Energy was abolished, this committee gained jurisdiction over
    military applications of nuclear energy (H. Res. 5, Jan. 4, 1977, p.
    53). The special oversight function of the committee in clause 3(h)
    (formerly clause 3(a)) were assigned by the Committee Reform Amendments
    of 1974, effective January 3, 1975 (H. Res. 988, 93d Cong., Oct. 8,
    1974, p. 34470). The 104th Congress added subparagraph (8) for
    clarification and subparagraphs (5), (6), and (9) to reflect the
    transfer of those matters from the former Committee on Merchant Marine
    and Fisheries (sec. 202(a), H. Res. 6, Jan. 4, 1995, p. 464), and later
    amended subparagraph (8) to effect a technical correction (H. Res. 254,
    Nov. 30, 1995, p. 35077).

      The Committee has jurisdiction over bills: relating to military
    housing construction (Feb. 21, 1962, p. 2684; Apr. 18, 1967, p. 9981);
    amending title 10 of the United States Code to permit suits against the
    United States for damage to reputation of members of Armed Forces
    acquitted of charges of crimes against civilians in combat zones (July
    15, 1970, p. 24451); for construction of facilities at Walter Reed
    Medical Center (Oct. 3, 1966, p. 24859); to require military commissary,
    post exchange, and medical care privileges for veterans with sufficient
    service-connected disabilities (Feb. 3, 1976, p. 1972); of a private
    character to waive the statutory time limit on the award of the
    Congressional Medal of Honor on individuals (Feb. 22, 1982, p. 1812);
    including authorization of appropriations to the Department of Energy
    for resource applications for naval petroleum and oil shale reserves
    (May 1, 1978, p. 11946); and effecting the transfer of military property
    to a State to be designated by the State as a wilderness area (Nov. 15,
    1995, p. 32627).

    [[Page 433]]

      The Committee exercised jurisdiction with the Committee on Interior
    and Insular Affairs (now Resources) over a resolution expressing the
    sense of Congress regarding continued operation of the Hanford Nuclear
    Reactor to produce power for the Bonneville Power Administration (July
    17, 1986, p. 16888).

      (d) Committee on the Budget.

    Sec. 719.
    Budget.

          (1) Concurrent resolutions on the  budget (as defined in section 3(4) of the Congressional Budget
    Act of 1974), other matters required to be referred to the committee
    under titles III and IV of that Act, and other measures setting forth
    appropriate levels of budget totals for the United States Government.

          (2) Budget process generally.

          (3) Establishment, extension, and enforcement of special controls
    over the Federal budget, including the budgetary treatment of off-budget
    Federal agencies and measures providing exemption from reduction under
    any order issued under part C of the Balanced Budget and Emergency
    Deficit Control Act of 1985.

      This committee was established in the 93d Congress, effective July 12,
    1974, by section 101 of the Congressional Budget Act of 1974 (88 Stat.
    299). The separate subpoena authority conferred upon the committee by
    section 101(b) of that Act has been superseded by the general grant of
    subpoena authority to all committees in clause 2(m) of rule XI (H. Res.
    988, 93d Cong., Oct. 8, 1974, p. 34470). The Committee is also charged
    with the special oversight functions as described in clause 3(b) and
    clause 4(b) of rule X.

      Before the House recodified its rules in the 106th Congress, this
    paragraph consisted of the committee's legislative jurisdiction (current
    paragraph (d)), its oversight jurisdiction (current clause 4 of rule X),
    and its composition (current clause 5(a)(2) of rule X (H. Res. 5, Jan.
    6, 1999, p. 47)).

    [[Page 434]]

    paragraph to expand the limited legislative jurisdiction of the
    committee by: (1) adding other measures setting forth appropriate levels
    of budget totals to subparagraph (2); (2) granting the committee
    jurisdiction over the congressional budget process generally in a new
    subparagraph (3); and (3) granting the committee jurisdiction over
    special controls over the Federal budget in a new subparagraph (4),
    including receiving from the former Committee on Government Operations
    (now Government Reform) jurisdiction over budgetary treatment of off-
    budget Federal agencies and measures providing exemption from
    sequestration orders issued under the Balanced Budget and Emergency
    Deficit Control Act (sec. 202(a), H. Res. 6, Jan. 4, 1995, p. 464).
    Three rereferrals from the Committee on Government Reform to the
    Committee on the Budget marked this migration of off-budget treatment
    jurisdiction: (1) the Committee on the Budget has primary jurisdiction
    over a bill excluding from the budget the Civil Service Retirement and
    Disability Fund (although the Committee on Government Reform retains
    programmatic jurisdiction over that Fund); (2) the Committee on the
    Budget has primary jurisdiction over a bill excluding from the budget
    the Highway Trust Fund, the Airport and Airway Trust Fund, the Inland
    Waterways Trust Fund, and the Harbor Maintenance Trust Fund (although
    the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure retains programmatic
    jurisdiction); and (3) the Committee on the Budget has secondary
    jurisdiction over a bill amending title 49 of the United States Code and
    providing off-budget treatment for the Highway Trust Fund, the Airport
    and Airway Trust Fund, the Inland Waterways Trust Fund, and the Harbor
    Maintenance Trust Fund (Dec. 6, 1995, p. 35572). The chairman of the
    Committee on the Budget inserted in the Congressional Record a
    Memorandum of Understanding between this committee and the Committee on
    Rules to clarify each Committee's jurisdiction over the congressional
    budget process (Jan. 4, 1995, p. 617). In the 105th Congress the
    jurisdictional statement in subparagraph (2), previously confined to the
    congressional budget process, was broadened to encompass also the
    executive budget process formerly included in the jurisdiction of the
    Committee on Government Reform and Oversight (now Government Reform) (H.
    Res. 5, Jan. 7, 1997, p. 121). Clerical and stylistic changes were
    effected when the House recodified its rules in the 106th Congress (H.
    Res. 5, Jan. 6, 1999, p. 47). This committee, and not the Committee on
    Ways and Means, has jurisdiction over a bill establishing a rule of
    sequestration under the Balanced Budget and Emergency Deficit Control
    Act (Dec. 15, 2000, p. 27085). This committee has primary jurisdiction,
    and the Committee on Ways and Means has additional jurisdiction, over a
    bill taking Social Security trust funds off budget (Dec. 15, 2000, p.
    27085). This committee has primary jurisdiction, and the Committee on
    Rules has additional jurisdiction, over a bill amending the Budget Act
    to establish new legislative points of order and directing that the
    President include a specified matter with his budget (Feb. 13, 2001, p.
    1817).

    [[Page 435]]

      In the 99th Congress this paragraph was again amended by section
    232(h) of the Balanced Budget and Emergency Deficit Control Act of 1985,
    to confer jurisdiction over Senate joint or concurrent resolutions
    constituting congressional responses to a Presidential sequestration
    order issued pursuant to a report of the Comptroller General under
    section 252(b) of that Act (P.L. 99-177). It was again amended by the
    Budget Enforcement Act of 1990 to conform subparagraph (2) to changes in
    the congressional budget laws (tit. XIII, P.L. 101-508). The 104th
    Congress amended the

      (e) Committee on Education and the Workforce.

          (1) Child labor.

    Sec. 720. Education and the Workforce.

            (2) Gallaudet
    University and Howard University and Hospital.

          (3) Convict labor and the entry of goods made by convicts into
    interstate commerce.

          (4) Food programs for children in schools.

          (5) Labor standards and statistics.

          (6) Education or labor generally.

          (7) Mediation and arbitration of labor disputes.

          (8) Regulation or prevention of importation of foreign laborers
    under contract.

          (9) Workers' compensation.

          (10) Vocational rehabilitation.

          (11) Wages and hours of labor.

          (12) Welfare of miners.

          (13) Work incentive programs.

      This committee was established as the Committee on Education and Labor
    on January 2, 1947, as part of the Legislative Reorganization Act of
    1946 (60 Stat. 812), combining the Committee on Education (created in
    1867) (IV, 4242) and the Committee on Labor (created in 1883) (IV,
    4244). When it was redesignated as the Committee on Economic and
    Educational Opportunities in the 104th Congress, the jurisdictional
    statement remained unchanged except by the combination of labor
    standards and labor statistics in a single subparagraph (5) (sec.
    202(a), H. Res. 6, Jan. 4, 1995, p. 464). In the 105th Congress the
    committee was redesignated again the Committee on Education and the
    Workforce (H. Res. 5, Jan. 7, 1997, p. 121).

    [[Page 436]]

    to the Committee on Foreign Affairs (now International Relations); and
    its special oversight function was inserted in clause 3(c) of rule X
    (current clause 3(d) of rule X) (H. Res. 988, 93d Cong., Oct. 8, 1974,
    p. 34470). Clerical and stylistic changes were effected when the House
    recodified its rules in the 106th Congress, including the deletion of
    obsolete references to the Columbia Institution for the Deaf, Dumb, and
    Blind, Freedmen's Hospital, and the United States Employees'
    Compensation Commission and the deletion of a redundant undesignated
    recitation of general and special oversight functions (H. Res. 5, Jan.
    6, 1999, p. 47).
      By the Committee Reform Amendments of 1974, effective January 3, 1975,
    the committee gained jurisdiction over food programs for children in
    schools, an expansion of earlier jurisdiction over school-lunch programs
    (subpara. (4)), work incentive programs (subpara. (13)), and Indian
    education, a matter formerly within the specific jurisdiction of the
    Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs (now Resources); jurisdiction
    of the committee over international education matters was specifically
    transferred

      The Committee has jurisdiction over bills dealing with juvenile
    delinquency (Jan. 22, 1959, p. 1027), runaway youth (July 12, 1973, p.
    23633; Sept. 10, 1973, p. 28970), human services programs administered
    by HEW (June 21, 1972, p. 21733), education of Indians (Apr. 15, 1975,
    p. 10247; June 10, 1991, p. 14049), including the Native American
    Programs Act (Oct. 30, 1997, p. 23967), and compensation for work
    injuries to Federal employees (Apr. 16, 1975, p. 10339); over bills
    amending the Community Services Block Grant Act to continue antipoverty
    programs originally authorized by the Economic Opportunity Act of 1964
    (Nov. 4, 1993, p. 27359); and over an executive communication proposing
    draft legislation to amend the Labor Management Relations Act and the
    Employee Retirement Income Security Act (Mar. 24, 1983, p. 7402). The
    Committee shares with the Committee on the Judiciary original
    jurisdiction over a bill comprehensively amending the Immigration and
    Nationality Act and including provisions addressing the enforcement of
    labor laws (Sept. 19, 1995, p. 25533). The Committee has additional
    jurisdiction (Commerce, now Energy and Commerce, has primary
    jurisdiction) over a developmental disabilities assistance and family
    support bill (Feb. 10, 2000, p. 1023). The jurisdiction of this
    committee over education and vocational rehabilitation does not include
    those subjects as they relate to veterans, which fall under the
    jurisdiction of the Committee on Veterans' Affairs.

      (f) Committee on Energy and Commerce.

          (1) Biomedical research and development.

    Sec. 721. Energy and Commerce.

            (2) Consumer affairs and
    consumer protection.

          (3) Health and health facilities (except health care supported by
    payroll deductions).

          (4) Interstate energy compacts.

          (5) Interstate and foreign commerce generally.

    [[Page 437]]

    resources, including all fossil fuels, solar energy, and other
    unconventional or renewable energy resources.
          (6) Exploration, production, storage, supply, marketing, pricing,
    and regulation of energy

          (7) Conservation of energy resources.

          (8) Energy information generally.

          (9) The generation and marketing of power (except by federally
    chartered or Federal regional power marketing authorities); reliability
    and interstate transmission of, and ratemaking for, all power; and
    siting of generation facilities (except the installation of
    interconnections between Government waterpower projects).

          (10) General management of the Department of Energy and management
    and all functions of the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission.

          (11) National energy policy generally.

          (12) Public health and quarantine.

          (13) Regulation of the domestic nuclear energy industry, including
    regulation of research and development reactors and nuclear regulatory
    research.

          (14) Regulation of interstate and foreign communications.

    The committee shall have the same jurisdiction with respect to
    regulation of nuclear facilities and of use of nuclear energy as it has
    with respect to regulation of nonnuclear facilities and of use of
    nonnuclear energy.

          (15) Travel and tourism.

    [[Page 438]]

    was changed from Interstate and Foreign Commerce to Commerce and Health.
    Effective January 14, 1975, it was redesignated as Interstate and
    Foreign Commerce (H. Res. 5, 94th Cong., p. 20). In the 96th Congress it
    was redesignated again as Energy and Commerce and given much of its
    present jurisdiction, effective January 3, 1981 (H. Res. 549, Mar. 25,
    1980, pp. 6405-10; note publication of intercommittee memoranda of
    understanding). In the 104th Congress it was redesignated again as the
    Committee on Commerce (sec. 202(a), H. Res. 6, Jan. 4, 1995, p. 464). In
    the 107th Congress it was redesignated again as the Committee on Energy
    and Commerce and its jurisdiction over securities and exchanges was
    transferred to the Committee on Financial Services (sec. 2(d), H. Res.
    5, Jan. 3, 2001, p. 25).
      The Committee dates from 1795 (IV, 4096). Effective January 3, 1975
    (H. Res. 988, 93d Cong., Oct. 8, 1974, p. 34470), the name of the
    committee

    [[Page 439]]

    generally (subpara. (11)), measures relating to exploration, production,
    storage, supply, marketing, pricing, and regulation of energy resources
    (subpara. (6)), measures relating to conservation of energy resources
    (subpara. (7)), measures relating to energy information generally
    (subpara. (8)), measures relating to the generation, marketing,
    interstate transmission of, and ratemaking for power as well as the
    siting of generation facilities, with certain exceptions (subpara. (9)),
    interstate energy compacts (subpara. (4)), and measures relating to
    general management of the Department of Energy and all functions of the
    Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (subpara. (10)) (H. Res. 549, Mar.
    25, 1980, pp. 6405-10). In the 104th Congress the committee's
    jurisdiction over inland waterways and railroads (including railroad
    labor, retirement, and unemployment) was transferred to the Committee on
    Transportation and Infrastructure, and jurisdiction over measures
    relating to the commercial application of energy technology was
    transferred to the Committee on Science, while the Committee on Energy
    and Commerce obtained exclusive jurisdiction over regulation of the
    domestic nuclear energy industry (subpara. (13)) from the former
    Committee on Natural Resources (now Resources) (sec. 202(a), H. Res. 6,
    Jan. 4, 1995, p. 464). Clerical and stylistic changes were effected when
    the House recodified its rules in the 106th Congress (H. Res. 5, Jan. 6,
    1999, p. 47). In the 107th Congress the committee's jurisdiction over
    securities and exchanges was transferred to the Committee on Financial
    Services (sec. 2(d), H. Res. 5, Jan. 3, 2001, p. 25). The Speaker
    inserted in the Congressional Record a Memorandum of Understanding
    between this committee and the Committee on Financial Services to
    clarify the nature of this transfer (Jan. 30, 2001, p. 995), the final
    two paragraphs of which no longer provide jurisdictional guidance (Jan.
    4, 2005, p. ----).
      In the 74th Congress the jurisdictional statement of the committee was
    amended to include jurisdiction over bills relating to radio; to deprive
    the committee jurisdiction over bills relating to water transportation,
    Coast Guard, lifesaving service, lighthouses, lightships, ocean
    derelicts, Coast and Geodetic Survey, and the Panama Canal; and to vest
    jurisdiction over those subjects in the former Committee on Merchant
    Marine and Fisheries (VII, 1814, 1847), but with the demise of the
    latter Committee in the 104th Congress, the latter subjects now reside
    in the jurisdiction of the Committee on Transportation and
    Infrastructure, except that the Committee on National Security (now
    Armed Services) has jurisdiction over the Panama Canal (sec. 202(a), H.
    Res. 6, Jan. 4, 1995, p. 464). In the 85th Congress matters relating to
    the Bureau of Standards, standardization of weights and measures, and
    the metric system (conferred on the committee by the Legislative
    Reorganization Act of 1946, 60 Stat. 812), were transferred to the
    Committee on Science and Astronautics (now Science) (July 21, 1958, p.
    14513). In the Committee Reform Amendments of 1974, effective January 3,
    1975, the committee obtained specific jurisdiction over consumer affairs
    and consumer protection (subpara. (2)), travel and tourism (subpara.
    (16)), health and health facilities, except health care supported by
    payroll deductions (subpara. (3)) (a matter formerly within the
    jurisdiction of the Committee on Ways and Means), and biomedical
    research and development (subpara. (1)), and was released of
    jurisdiction over civil aeronautics to the Committee on Public Works and
    Transportation (now Transportation and Infrastructure), jurisdiction
    over civil aviation research and development, energy and environmental
    research and development, and the National Weather Service to the
    Committee on Science and Technology (now Science), and jurisdiction over
    trading with the enemy to the Committee on Foreign Affairs (now
    International Relations) (H. Res. 988, 93d Cong., Oct. 8, 1974, p.
    34470). In the 95th Congress, when the legislative jurisdiction of the
    Joint Committee on Atomic Energy in the House was transferred to various
    standing committees, this committee was given the same jurisdiction over
    nuclear energy as it had over nonnuclear energy and facilities (H. Res.
    5, Jan. 4, 1977, pp. 53-70). In the 96th Congress the committee obtained
    specific jurisdiction over national energy policy

      The Committee has the special oversight responsibility under clause
    3(c) of rule X as well as the general oversight responsibility required
    by clause 2 of rule X. This special oversight responsibility was
    expanded in the 96th Congress to include all energy, effective January
    3, 1981 (H. Res. 549, Mar. 25, 1980, pp. 6405-10). In the 104th Congress
    it was again expanded to include nonmilitary nuclear energy and research
    and development including the disposal of nuclear waste (sec. 202(a), H.
    Res. 6, Jan. 4, 1995, p. 464), though a conforming change in clause 3(c)
    was inadvertently omitted.

      The Committee formerly reported the river and harbor appropriation
    bill, but in 1883 the Committee on Rivers and Harbors was created for
    that role (IV, 4096), and since the 66th Congress such appropriations
    have been reported by the Committee on Appropriations.

    [[Page 440]]

    national congress of hygiene, etc. (IV, 4111), bills declaring as to
    whether or not streams are navigable and for preventing or regulating
    hindrances to navigation (IV, 4101; VII, 1810), such as bridges (IV,
    4099; VII, 1812) and dams, except such bridges and dams as are a part of
    river improvements (IV, 4100; VII, 1810). This committee formerly had
    jurisdiction of bills proposing construction of bridges across navigable
    streams which are now banned under clause 4 of rule XII (see Sec. 822,
    infra; see also General Bridge Act, 33 U.S.C. 525, 533).
      The Committee has general jurisdiction of bills affecting domestic and
    foreign commerce, except such as may affect the revenue (IV, 4097). It
    also has jurisdiction of bills authorizing the construction of marine
    hospitals and the acquisition of sites therefor (IV, 4110; VII, 1816),
    the general subjects of quarantine and the establishment of quarantine
    stations (IV, 4109), health, spread of leprosy and other contagious
    diseases, inter

      Before the 104th Congress the committee considered bills regulating
    railroads in their interstate commerce relations (IV, 414) and exercised
    jurisdiction with the Committees on Education and Labor (now Education
    and the Workforce) and Public Works and Transportation (now
    Transportation and Infrastructure) over bills providing labor
    protections to workers in the transportation industry, including
    railroad employees (Feb. 24, 1993, p. 3577). The Committee considers
    bills relating to commercial travelers as agents of interstate commerce
    and the branding of articles going into such commerce (IV, 4115), the
    prevention of the carriage of indecent and harmful pictures or
    literature (IV, 4116), the adulteration and misbranding of foods and
    drugs (IV, 4112), and protection of game through prohibition of
    interstate transportation (IV, 4117). The Committee has jurisdiction
    over bills imposing safety standards on motor vehicles purchased by the
    U.S. Government (Feb. 16, 1959, p. 2420), bills creating civil remedies
    for false advertising or other violations of commercial ethics (June 4,
    1962, p. 9601), and bills to assist financing of the Arctic Winter Games
    in Alaska (June 7, 1972, p. 19935). The Committee had jurisdiction over
    a bill to reauthorize the Developmental Disabilities Assistance and Bill
    of Rights Act (ultimately repealed), which was focused on health matters
    rather than job training (June 1, 1981, p. 11028; Nov. 3, 1993, p.
    27274). This committee and, in addition, the Committee on Education and
    the Workforce have jurisdiction over the Developmental Disabilities
    Assistance and Bill of Rights Act of 1999 (which replaced the above-
    mentioned Act) as it contained a family support program within the
    jurisdiction of the Committee on the Education and the Workforce (Feb.
    10, 2000, p. 1023). In the 94th Congress, the committee gained
    jurisdiction over bills amending the Lead-Based Paint Poisoning
    Prevention Act and bills dealing with nursing home construction as
    public health matters (June 10, 1975, p. 18009).

      (g) Committee on Financial Services.

          (1) Banks and banking, including deposit insurance and Federal
    monetary policy.

    [[Page 441]]

    Sec. 722. Financial Services.

            (2) Economic
    stabilization, defense production, renegotiation, and control of the
    price of commodities, rents, and services.

          (3) Financial aid to commerce and industry (other than
    transportation).

          (4) Insurance generally.

          (5) International finance.

          (6) International financial and monetary organizations.

          (7) Money and credit, including currency and the issuance of notes
    and redemption thereof; gold and silver, including the coinage thereof;
    valuation and revaluation of the dollar.

          (8) Public and private housing.

          (9) Securities and exchanges.

          (10) Urban development.

      This committee was established in 1865 as the Committee on Banking and
    Currency (IV, 4082). In the Committee Reform Amendments of 1974,
    effective January 3, 1975, its name was changed to Banking, Currency and
    Housing (H. Res. 988, 93d Cong., Oct. 8, 1974, p. 34470). In the 95th
    Congress its name was changed to Banking, Finance and Urban Affairs (H.
    Res. 5, Jan. 4, 1977, pp. 53-70). In the 104th Congress its name was
    changed to Banking and Financial Services (sec. 202(a), H. Res. 6, Jan.
    4, 1995, p. 464). In the 107th Congress its name was changed to
    Financial Services in conjunction with its receipt of jurisdiction over
    securities and exchanges (formerly within the jurisdiction of the
    Committee on Energy and Commerce) (sec. 2(d), H. Res. 5, Jan. 3, 2001,
    p. 25).

    [[Page 442]]

    of the Committee Reform Amendments of 1974, effective January 3, 1975,
    that jurisdiction was transferred to the standing Committee on Small
    Business, the permanent Select Committee on Small Business was
    abolished, and this committee was specifically given jurisdiction over
    Federal monetary policy, money and credit, urban development, economic
    stabilization, defense production, and renegotiation (the latter matter
    formerly within the jurisdiction of the Committee on Ways and Means),
    international finance, and international financial and monetary
    organizations (formerly within the jurisdiction of the Committee on
    International Relations), while jurisdiction over the Commodity Credit
    Corporation was transferred to the Committee on Agriculture,
    jurisdiction over export controls and international economic policy to
    the Committee on International Relations, jurisdiction over construction
    of nursing home facilities to what is now the Committee on Energy and
    Commerce, and jurisdiction over urban mass transportation to what is now
    the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure (H. Res. 988, 93d
    Cong., Oct. 8, 1974, p. 34470). In the 104th Congress subparagraphs (2)
    and (3) were added (sec. 202(a), H. Res. 6, Jan. 4, 1995, p. 464).
    Clerical and stylistic changes were effected when the House recodified
    its rules in the 106th Congress (H. Res. 5, Jan. 6, 1999, p. 47). In the
    107th Congress jurisdiction over securities and exchanges was
    transferred from the Committee on Energy and Commerce to the Committee
    on Financial Services (sec. 2(d), H. Res. 5, Jan. 3, 2001, p. 25). As a
    result of the new jurisdiction of the Committee on Financial Services
    over securities and exchanges, its former jurisdiction over matters
    relating to bank capital markets activities and depository institutions
    securities activities were deleted as redundant (sec. 2(d), H. Res. 5,
    Jan. 3, 2001, p. 25). In the 107th Congress the Committee on Financial
    Services also received jurisdiction over insurance generally (sec. 2(d),
    H. Res. 5, Jan. 3, 2001, p. 25). The Speaker inserted in the
    Congressional Record a Memorandum of Understanding between this
    committee and the Committee on Energy and Commerce to clarify these
    jurisdictional changes (Jan. 30, 2001, p. 995), the final two paragraphs
    of which no longer provide jurisdictional guidance (Jan. 4, 2005, p. --
    --). A technical change to subparagraph (6) was effected in the 108th
    Congress (sec. 2(u), H. Res. 5, Jan. 7, 2003, p. ----).
      The Committee was given much of its present jurisdiction in the
    Legislative Reorganization Act of 1946 (60 Stat. 812), by which it
    absorbed the jurisdiction of the former Committee on Coinage, Weights,
    and Measures (created in 1864) (IV, 4090), except jurisdiction over
    matters relating to the standardization of weights and measures and the
    metric system was given to the Committee on Interstate and Foreign
    Commerce and was later transferred to the Committee on Science and
    Astronautics (now Science) in the 85th Congress (H. Res. 580, July 21,
    1958, p. 14513). In the 92d Congress jurisdiction over the impact on the
    economy of tax-exempt foundations and charitable trusts was transferred
    from the Subcommittee on Foundations of the Select Committee on Small
    Business, along with all that subcommittee's files, to this committee
    (H. Res. 320, Apr. 27, 1971, p. 12081). Before the end of the 93d
    Congress, the committee had legislative jurisdiction over the problems
    of small business under its general jurisdiction over financial aid to
    commerce and industry; but with the adoption

    [[Page 443]]

    viding for U.S. participation in the International Development
    Association (Mar. 9, 1960, p. 5046), bills to authorize GSA to acquire
    land in D.C. for transfer to the International Monetary Fund (May 1,
    1962, p. 7428), bills relating to flood insurance (Dec. 4, 1975, p.
    38701), and over an executive communication proposing regulations for
    college housing programs (notwithstanding that the requirement for such
    regulations was contained in higher education legislation reported from
    the Committee on Education and Labor) (June 15, 1982, p. 13638).

      The Committee has reported on subjects relating to the strengthening
    of public credit, issues of notes, and State taxation and redemption
    thereof (IV, 4084), propositions to maintain the parity of the money of
    the United States (IV, 4089; VII, 1792), the issue of silver
    certificates as currency (IV, 4087, 4088), national banks and current
    deposits of public money (IV, 4083; VII, 1790), the incorporation of an
    international bank (IV, 4086), subjects relating to the Freedman's Bank
    (IV, 4085), and Federal Reserve System, farm loan act, home loan bills,
    stabilization of the dollar, War Finance Corporation, Federal Reserve
    bank buildings (VII, 1793, 1795). The Committee has jurisdiction of
    bills providing consolidation of grant-in-aid programs for urban
    development (Mar. 18, 1970, p. 7887), bills pro

      (h) Committee on Government Reform.

    Sec. 723. Government Reform.

          (1)  Federal civil service,
    including intergovernmental personnel; and the status of officers and
    employees of the United States, including their compensation,
    classification, and retirement.

          (2) Municipal affairs of the District of Columbia in general
    (other than appropriations).

          (3) Federal paperwork reduction.

          (4) Government management and accounting measures generally.

          (5) Holidays and celebrations.

          (6) Overall economy, efficiency, and management of government
    operations and activities, including Federal procurement.

          (7) National archives.

          (8) Population and demography generally, including the Census.

          (9) Postal service generally, including transportation of the
    mails.

          (10) Public information and records.

          (11) Relationship of the Federal Government to the States and
    municipalities generally.

          (12) Reorganizations in the executive branch of the Government.

    [[Page 444]]

    3, 1952, p. 9217). In the 104th Congress it was changed to Government
    Reform and Oversight (sec. 202(a), H. Res. 6, Jan. 4, 1995, p. 464), and
    in the 106th Congress it was changed to Government Reform (H. Res. 5,
    Jan. 6, 1999, p. 47). The former Committee on Expenditures in the
    Executive Departments was established December 5, 1927 (VII, 2041), and
    took the place of 11 separate committees on expenditures in the several
    executive departments. The first of these committees was established in
    1816, and others were added as new departments were created (IV, 4315).
    They reported bills relating to the efficiency and integrity of the
    public service (IV, 4320), and creation and abolition of offices (IV,
    4318).
      In the 82d Congress the name of this committee was changed from
    Expenditures in the Executive Departments to Government Operations (July

    [[Page 445]]

    tions from executive orders sequestering budget authority, which had
    been added by the Budget Enforcement Act of 1990 (tit. XIII, P.L. 101-
    508). In the 105th Congress any residual jurisdiction over budget
    process was transferred to the Committee on the Budget (H. Res. 5, Jan.
    7, 1997, p. 121). The 104th Congress assigned the committee its
    responsibilities to coordinate committee oversight plans under clause
    2(d) (sec. 203(a), H. Res. 6, Jan. 4, 1995, p. 467). In the 104th
    Congress the committee was also given the responsibility to consider and
    report recommendations concerning alternatives to commemorative
    legislation, although no such report was made to the House (sec. 216(b),
    H. Res. 6, Jan. 4, 1995, p. 468). Clerical and stylistic changes were
    effected when the House recodified its rules in the 106th Congress,
    including the deletion of a redundant undesignated recitation of general
    and special oversight functions (H. Res. 5, Jan. 6, 1999, p. 47).
      In addition to the jurisdiction vested in the Committee by the
    Legislative Reorganization Act of 1946 (60 Stat. 812), the Committee
    Reform Amendments of 1974, effective January 3, 1975, assigned the
    committee jurisdiction over measures relating to the overall economy and
    efficiency of Government operations and activities, including Federal
    procurement, intergovernmental relationships, and general revenue
    sharing (the latter from the Committee on Ways and Means was stricken
    from the jurisdictional statement of this committee in the 104th
    Congress (sec. 202(a), H. Res. 6, Jan. 4, 1995, p. 464)), and the
    National Archives (from the former Committee on Post Office and Civil
    Service) (H. Res. 988, 93d Cong., Oct. 8, 1974, p. 34470). In the 104th
    Congress (sec. 202(a), H. Res. 6, Jan. 4, 1995, p. 464), the committee
    assumed the jurisdictions of the former Committee on the District of
    Columbia (subparas. (2)) and the former Committee on Post Office and
    Civil Service except that relating to the Franking Commission (subparas.
    (1), (5), (8), and (9)); and subparagraphs (3) and (10) were added to
    clarify existing jurisdiction. At the same time the committee's
    jurisdiction over measures relating to off-budget treatment of agencies
    or programs, which had been added by the Balanced Budget and Emergency
    Deficit Control Act of 1985 (P.L. 99-177), was transferred to the
    Committee on the Budget. Three rereferrals from the Committee on
    Government Reform and Oversight (now Government Reform) to the Committee
    on the Budget marked this migration of off-budget treatment
    jurisdiction: (1) the Committee on the Budget has primary jurisdiction
    over a bill excluding from the budget the Civil Service Retirement and
    Disability Fund (although the Committee on Government Reform and
    Oversight (now Government Reform) retains programmatic jurisdiction over
    that Fund); (2) the Committee on the Budget has primary jurisdiction
    over a bill excluding from the budget the Highway Trust Fund, the
    Airport and Airway Trust Fund, the Inland Waterways Trust Fund, and the
    Harbor Maintenance Trust Fund (although the Committee on Transportation
    and Infrastructure retains programmatic jurisdiction); and (3) the
    Committee on the Budget has secondary jurisdiction over a bill amending
    title 49 of the United States Code and providing off-budget treatment
    for the Highway Trust Fund, the Airport and Airway Trust Fund, the
    Inland Waterways Trust Fund, and the Harbor Maintenance Trust Fund (Dec.
    6, 1995, p. 35572). The Committee was also released from jurisdiction
    over measures relating to exemp

      The Committee has exercised jurisdiction of bills: waiving
    Reorganization Plans to establish the Rural Electrification
    Administration as an independent agency and transferring certain
    functions thereto (Mar. 19, 1959, p. 4692); establishing a Commission on
    Population Growth (Sept. 23, 1969, p. 26568); establishing a Cabinet
    Committee on Opportunities for Spanish-Speaking Americans (Nov. 24,
    1969, p. 35509); providing payment of travel costs for Federal
    employment applicants (Feb. 15, 1967, p. 3466); and a bill to rename an
    existing post office building (Aug. 4, 1995, p. 22085; Oct. 1, 1998, p.
    22933), even if the post office building also houses a courthouse (Sept.
    14, 2000, p. 18054). The Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure,
    and not this committee, has jurisdiction over a measure redesignating a
    general-purpose Federal building as a post office (Apr. 24, 1997, p.
    22085). The Committee has exercised jurisdiction over countercyclical
    programs of revenue-sharing grants to State and local governments, such
    as that contained in Title II of the Public Works Employment Act of 1976
    (Feb. 1, 1977, p. 3057). The Committee shares jurisdiction over a bill
    to facilitate the reorganization of an agency by instituting a
    separation pay program to encourage eligible employees to voluntarily
    resign or retire (Aug. 2, 1993, p. 18161). The Committee has
    jurisdiction over a bill explicitly waiving the Federal Property and
    Administrative Services Act and directing the Administrator of General
    Services to convey excess real property (Oct. 2, 1998, p. 23186). This
    committee, and not the Committee on the Judiciary, has jurisdiction over
    a bill authorizing a pay adjustment for administrative law judges (July
    31, 1991, p. 20677; June 10, 1999, p. 12435).

    [[Page 446]]

    ing intergovernmental relationships domestically and with international
    organizations to which the United States belongs (H. Res. 988, 93d
    Cong., Oct. 8, 1974, p. 34470). Under section 2954 of title 5, United
    States Code, an executive agency, if so requested by this committee or
    any seven members thereof, shall submit any information requested of it
    relating to any matter within the jurisdiction of the committee.

      The specific subpoena authority conferred upon the committee in the
    standing rules on February 10, 1947 (p. 942) was superseded by the
    general conferral of subpoena authority on all committees in clause 2(m)
    of rule XI. By the Committee Reform Amendments of 1974, effective
    January 3, 1975, the committee was given the general function under
    clause 4(c)(1) of examining and reporting upon reports of the
    Comptroller General, evaluating laws reorganizing the legislative and
    executive branches, and study

      (i) Committee on Homeland Security.

    Sec. 723a. Homeland
    Security.

          (1) Overall homeland  security policy.

          (2) Organization and administration of the Department of Homeland
    Security.

          (3) Functions of the Department of Homeland Security relating to
    the following:

              (A) Border and port security (except immigration policy and
    non-border enforcement).

              (B) Customs (except customs revenue).

              (C) Integration, analysis, and dissemination of homeland
    security information.

              (D) Domestic preparedness for and collective response to
    terrorism.

              (E) Research and development.

              (F) Transportation security.

      This committee was established in the 109th Congress (sec. 2(a), H.
    Res. 5, Jan. 4, 2005, p. ----). For debate (and material submitted
    during debate) that may edify the reader on the jurisdictional issues
    surrounding the new committee, see January 4, 2005, p. ----. The Speaker
    announced that his referral of measures in the 108th Congress to the
    Select Committee on Homeland Security would not constitute precedent for
    referral to this committee (Jan. 4, 2005, p. ----).

    [[Page 447]]

    ----). In the 108th Congress the House reestablished a Select Committee
    on Homeland Security (sec. 4, H. Res. 5, Jan. 7, 2003, p. ----). Its
    mission was to develop recommendations on such matters that relate to
    the Homeland Security Act of 2002 (P.L. 107-296) as may be referred to
    it by the Speaker; to conduct oversight of laws, programs, and
    Government activities relating to homeland security; to conduct a study
    of the operation and implementation of the Rules of the House, including
    rule X, with respect to homeland security; and to report its
    recommendations to the House by bill or otherwise on matters referred to
    it by the Speaker and to report its recommendations on changes to House
    rules to the Committee on Rules by September 30, 2004.

    Sec. 723b. Former Select Committees on Homeland
    Security.

      In the  107th Congress the House established a Select Committee on
    Homeland Security (H. Res. 449, June 19, 2002, p. ----). Its mission was
    to develop recommendations on such matters that relate to the
    establishment of a department of homeland security as may be referred to
    it by the Speaker and on recommendations submitted to it by standing
    committees to which the Speaker referred a bill establishing the
    department and to report its recommendation to the House on such bill.
    It was terminated after final disposition of the specified bill (Nov.
    25, 2002, p.

      (j) Committee on House Administration.

    Sec. 724. House Administration.

          (1)  Appropriations from
    accounts for committee salaries and expenses (except for the Committee
    on Appropriations); House Information Resources; and allowance and
    expenses of Members, Delegates, the Resident Commissioner, officers, and
    administrative offices of the House.

          (2) Auditing and settling of all accounts described in
    subparagraph (1).

          (3) Employment of persons by the House, including staff for
    Members, Delegates, the Resident Commissioner, and committees; and
    reporters of debates, subject to rule VI.

          (4) Except as provided in paragraph (r)(11), the Library of
    Congress, including management thereof; the House Library; statuary and
    pictures; acceptance or purchase of works of art for the Capitol; the
    Botanic Garden; and purchase of books and manuscripts.

          (5) The Smithsonian Institution and the incorporation of similar
    institutions (except as provided in paragraph (r)(11)).

    [[Page 448]]

          (6) Expenditure of accounts described in subparagraph (1).

          (7) Franking Commission.

          (8) Printing and correction of the Congressional Record.

          (9) Accounts of the House generally.

          (10) Assignment of office space for Members, Delegates, the
    Resident Commissioner, and committees.

          (11) Disposition of useless executive papers.

          (12) Election of the President, Vice President, Members, Senators,
    Delegates, or the Resident Commissioner; corrupt practices; contested
    elections; credentials and qualifications; and Federal elections
    generally.

          (13) Services to the House, including the House Restaurant,
    parking facilities, and administration of the House Office Buildings and
    of the House wing of the Capitol.

          (14) Travel of Members, Delegates, and the Resident Commissioner.

          (15) Raising, reporting, and use of campaign contributions for
    candidates for office of Representative, of Delegate, and of Resident
    Commissioner.

          (16) Compensation, retirement, and other benefits of the Members,
    Delegates, the Resident Commissioner, officers, and employees of
    Congress.

    [[Page 449]]

    gress (created in 1893) (IV, 4299), and Memorials (created January 3,
    1929, VII, 2080).
      This committee was created as the Committee on House Administration on
    January 2, 1947, as a part of the Legislative Reorganization Act of 1946
    (60 Stat. 812), combining the Committees on Accounts (created in 1803)
    (IV, 4328), Enrolled Bills (created in 1789) (IV, 4350), Disposition of
    Executive Papers (created in 1889) (IV, 4419), Printing (created in
    1846), Elections (created in 1794 and divided into three committees in
    1895) (IV, 4019), Election of President, Vice President, and
    Representatives in Con

      The Committee was redesignated as the Committee on House Oversight in
    the 104th Congress, obtaining from the former Committee on Post Office
    and Civil Service jurisdiction over the Franking Commission (also known
    as the House Commission on Congressional Mailing Standards) in
    subparagraph (7), while transferring to the Committee on Resources
    jurisdiction over erection of monuments to the memory of individuals
    (sec. 202(a), H. Res. 6, Jan. 4, 1995, p. 464). References in
    subparagraphs (1) and (2) to the ``contingent fund'' were eliminated
    without changing the committee's jurisdiction over the accounts that the
    fund comprised. In the 105th Congress subparagraph (1) was amended to
    effect a technical correction (H. Res. 5, Jan. 7, 1997, p. 121). In the
    106th Congress the committee was redesignated House Administration, and
    the House recodified its rules to effect clerical and stylistic changes,
    including the deletion of a redundant undesignated recitation of general
    and special oversight functions (H. Res. 5, Jan. 6, 1999, p. 47). In the
    107th Congress the committee's responsibilities with respect to enrolled
    bills (which were set forth in former clause 4(d)(1)(A) of rule X) were
    transferred to the Clerk (see clause 2(d)(2) of rule II) (sec. 2(b), H.
    Res. 5, Jan. 3, 2001, p. 25).

    Sec. 725. House facilities.

      The  Committee has jurisdiction
    over measures relating to the House Restaurant (2 U.S.C. 2041), which
    was first under the jurisdiction of the former Committee on Accounts,
    then under the supervision of the Architect of the Capitol (H. Res. 590,
    76th Cong., Sept. 5, 1940, p. 11552, as made permanent law by P.L. 76-
    812), and then under the supervision of the Select Committee on the
    House Restaurant (H. Res. 472, 91st Cong., July 10, 1969, p. 19080; H.
    Res. 111, 93d Cong., Feb. 7, 1973, p. 3680), which was not reestablished
    after the 93d Congress.

      By the Committee Reform Amendments of 1974, effective January 3, 1975,
    the committee obtained jurisdiction over parking facilities of the
    House, a matter formerly assigned to a select committee (subpara. (13))
    (H. Res. 988, 93d Cong., Oct. 8, 1974, p. 34470). In the 94th Congress
    the committee was given jurisdiction over campaign contributions to
    candidates for the House, a matter formerly within the jurisdiction of
    the Committee on Standards of Official Conduct (subpara. (15)), and over
    compensation, retirement, and other benefits of Members, officers, and
    employees of Congress (subpara. (16)) (H. Res. 5, Jan. 14, 1975, p. 20).

    [[Page 450]]

      The Committee has jurisdiction over resolutions authorizing committees
    to employ additional professional and clerical personnel (Feb. 7, 1966,
    p. 2373). The Committee has supervisory authority over the House barber
    shops, beauty shops, House Information Resources, and the Office of
    Placement and Management (the latter formerly within the jurisdiction of
    the former Joint Committee on Congressional Operations and of the former
    Select Committee on Congressional Operations).

    Sec. 727. Library.

      Under  the Reorganization Act the
    committee has jurisdiction of some of the subjects formerly within the
    jurisdiction of the Joint Committee on the Library, such as matters
    relating to the Library of Congress and the House Library, statuary and
    pictures, acceptance or purchase of works of art for the Capitol, the
    Botanic Gardens, management of the Library of Congress, purchase of
    books and manuscripts, matters relating to the Smithsonian Institution,
    and the incorporation of similar institutions. Excepted are measures
    relating to the construction or reconstruction, maintenance, and care of
    the buildings and grounds of the Botanic Gardens, the Library of
    Congress, and the Smithsonian Institution, which fall under the
    jurisdiction of the Committee on Transportation (now Transportation and
    Infrastructure). The House Members of the Joint Committee on the
    Library, provided for by law (2 U.S.C. 132b), are elected by resolution
    each Congress.

    Sec. 728. Congressional Record.

      The  Committee has
    jurisdiction of matters relating to printing and correction of the
    Congressional Record, formerly within the jurisdiction of the Committee
    on Printing. The House Members of the Joint Committee on Printing,
    provided for by law (44 U.S.C. 1), are elected by resolution each
    Congress.

      The Committee has jurisdiction of measures relating to the election of
    the President, Vice President, or Members of Congress; corrupt
    practices; contested elections; credentials and qualifications; Federal
    elections generally, and the electoral count, which formerly was within
    the jurisdiction of the Committee on Election of the President, Vice
    President, and Representatives in Congress (IV, 4303).

      The Committee's former responsibility to report on Members' travel was
    supplanted by the function of providing policy direction to and
    oversight of the Clerk, Sergeant-at-Arms, Chief Administrative Officer,
    and Inspector General (sec. 10, H. Res. 423, Apr. 9, 1992, p. 9040; sec.
    201(e), H. Res. 6, Jan. 4, 1995, p. 463; see rule II and Sec. 752,
    infra). In the 107th Congress the committee retained the responsibility
    to provide policy direction to and oversight of the Inspector General
    but retained only oversight of the remaining officers (sec. 2(g), H.
    Res. 5, Jan. 3, 2001, p. 25).

      (k) Committee on International Relations.

    Sec. 729. International Relations.

          (1)  Relations of the
    United States with foreign nations generally.

          (2) Acquisition of land and buildings for embassies and legations
    in foreign countries.

    [[Page 451]]

          (3) Establishment of boundary lines between the United States and
    foreign nations.

          (4) Export controls, including nonproliferation of nuclear
    technology and nuclear hardware.

          (5) Foreign loans.

          (6) International commodity agreements (other than those involving
    sugar), including all agreements for cooperation in the export of
    nuclear technology and nuclear hardware.

          (7) International conferences and congresses.

          (8) International education.

          (9) Intervention abroad and declarations of war.

          (10) Diplomatic service.

          (11) Measures to foster commercial intercourse with foreign
    nations and to safeguard American business interests abroad.

          (12) International economic policy.

          (13) Neutrality.

          (14) Protection of American citizens abroad and expatriation.

          (15) The American National Red Cross.

          (16) Trading with the enemy.

          (17) United Nations organizations.

      This committee was established in 1822 (IV, 4162), and from 1885 to
    1920 had authority to report appropriations. In the 94th Congress the
    name of the committee was changed from Foreign Affairs to International
    Relations (H. Res. 163, Mar. 19, 1975, p. 7343). In the 96th Congress it
    was changed back to Foreign Affairs (H. Res. 89, Feb. 5, 1979, p. 1848).
    In the 104th Congress the name was again changed to International
    Relations (sec. 202(a), H. Res. 6, Jan. 4, 1995, p. 464).

    [[Page 452]]

    of the Committee on Banking and Currency (now Financial Services);
    international commodity agreements other than sugar (subpara. (6)),
    formerly within the jurisdiction of the Committee on Agriculture;
    trading with the enemy (subpara. (16)), formerly within the jurisdiction
    of the Committee on Interstate and Foreign Commerce (now Energy and
    Commerce); and international education (subpara. (8)); while
    transferring jurisdiction over international financial and monetary
    organizations to the Committee on Banking and Currency (now Financial
    Services), and jurisdiction over international fishing agreements to the
    Committee on Merchant Marine and Fisheries (now Resources) (H. Res. 988,
    93d Cong., Oct. 8, 1974, p. 34470). When the legislative jurisdiction in
    the House of the Joint Committee on Atomic Energy was abolished in the
    95th Congress (H. Res. 5, Jan. 4, 1977, pp. 53-70), the committee was
    given jurisdiction over nonproliferation of nuclear technology and
    hardware (subpara. (4)), and over international agreements on nuclear
    exports (subpara. (6)). Clerical and stylistic changes were effected
    when the House recodified its rules in the 106th Congress, including the
    deletion of a redundant undesignated recitation of general and special
    oversight functions (H. Res. 5, Jan. 6, 1999, p. 47).
      In addition to the jurisdiction vested in the committee by the
    Legislative Reorganization Act of 1946 (60 Stat. 812), the Committee
    Reform Amendments of 1974, effective January 3, 1975, gave the committee
    jurisdiction over measures relating to: international economic policy
    (subpara. (12)) and export controls (subpara. (4)), matters formerly
    within the jurisdiction

      It has a broad jurisdiction over foreign relations, including bills to
    establish boundary lines between the United States and foreign nations,
    to determine naval strengths, and to regulate bridges and dams on
    international waters (IV, 4166; see also the ``General Bridge Act,'' 33
    U.S.C. 525, 533), for the protection of American citizens abroad and
    expatriation (IV, 4169; VII, 1883), for extradition with foreign
    nations, for international arbitration, relating to violations of
    neutrality (IV, 4178a), international conferences and congresses (IV,
    4177; VII, 1884), the incorporation of the American National Red Cross
    and protection of its insignia (IV, 4173), intervention abroad and
    declarations of war (IV, 4164; VII 1880), affairs of the consular
    service, including acquisition of land and buildings for legations in
    foreign capitals (IV, 4163; VII, 1879), creation of courts of the United
    States in foreign countries (IV, 4167), treaty regulations as to
    protection of fur seals (IV, 4170), matters relating to the Philippines
    (see 60 Stat. 315), and measures establishing a District of Columbia
    corporation to support private American organizations engaged in
    communications with foreign nations (June 21, 1971, p. 21062).

    [[Page 453]]

    dents (May 10, 1988, p. 10305). The Committee has jurisdiction over a
    communication from the President notifying the House, consistent with
    the War Powers Resolution, of the deployment abroad of U.S. armed forces
    to participate in an embargo against another nation (Nov. 4, 1993, p.
    27393).
      The Committee also has considered measures for fostering commercial
    intercourse with foreign nations and for safeguarding American business
    interests abroad (IV, 4175), and even the subjects of commercial
    treaties and reciprocal arrangements (IV, 4174), although in later
    practice the Committee on Ways and Means has considered such matters
    (IV, 4021). The Committee has exercised a general but not exclusive
    jurisdiction over legislation relating to claims having international
    relations (IV, 4168; VII, 1882). Pursuant to its jurisdiction over
    international education, the committee (and not former Committee on
    Education and Labor) has exercised jurisdiction over bills establishing
    scholarship programs for foreign stu

      The special oversight function of the committee set forth in clause
    3(d) of rule X (current clause 3(g) of rule X) was made effective
    January 3, 1975 (H. Res. 988, 93d Cong., Oct. 8, 1974, p. 34470).

      (l) Committee on the Judiciary.

    Sec. 730. Judiciary.

          (1)  The judiciary and judicial
    proceedings, civil and criminal.

          (2) Administrative practice and procedure.

          (3) Apportionment of Representatives.

          (4) Bankruptcy, mutiny, espionage, and counterfeiting.

          (5) Civil liberties.

          (6) Constitutional amendments.

          (7) Criminal law enforcement.

          (8) Federal courts and judges, and local courts in the Territories
    and possessions.

          (9) Immigration policy and non-border enforcement.

          (10) Interstate compacts generally.

          (11) Claims against the United States.

          (12) Meetings of Congress; attendance of Members, Delegates, and
    the Resident Commissioner; and their acceptance of incompatible offices.

          (13) National penitentiaries.

          (14) Patents, the Patent and Trademark Office, copyrights, and
    trademarks.

          (15) Presidential succession.

    [[Page 454]]

          (16) Protection of trade and commerce against unlawful restraints
    and monopolies.

          (17) Revision and codification of the Statutes of the United
    States.

          (18) State and territorial boundary lines.

    Sec. 731. Internal Security.

          (19)  Subversive activities
    affecting the in-
    ternal security of the United States.

      This committee dates from 1813 (IV, 4054). The essential jurisdiction
    defined in the rule was made effective January 2, 1947, as a part of the
    Legislative Reorganization Act of 1946 (60 Stat. 812), and combined the
    Committees on Revision of Laws (created 1868, IV, 4293), Patents
    (created in 1837) (IV, 4254), Immigration and Naturalization (created in
    1893) (IV, 4309), Claims (created in 1794) (IV, 4262), and War Claims
    (created in 1883) (IV, 4269). By the Committee Reform Amendments of
    1974, effective January 3, 1975, the committee's jurisdiction over
    holidays and celebrations was transferred to the former Committee on
    Post Office and Civil Service (now under Government Reform) (H. Res.
    988, 93d Cong., Oct. 8, 1974, p. 34470). In the 94th Congress the
    Committee on Internal Security was abolished and jurisdiction over
    communist and other subversive activities affecting the internal
    security of the United States was transferred to this committee
    (subpara. (18), now (19)) (H. Res. 5, Jan. 14, 1975, p. 20), though an
    accompanying provision for the transfer of records and staff of the
    Internal Security Committee to the Judiciary Committee was deleted as
    obsolete in the 95th Congress (H. Res. 5, Jan. 4, 1977, pp. 53-70), and
    the specific reference to communism was deleted as unnecessary in the
    104th Congress (sec. 202(a), H. Res. 6, Jan. 4, 1995, p. 464). The 104th
    Congress also inserted ``the judiciary'' in subparagraph (1); added
    subparagraph (2) for clarification; combined former subparagraphs (6)
    and (9) in a new subparagraph (7) (now (8)); and combined former
    subparagraphs (13) and (14) in a new subparagraph (13) (now (14)) (sec.
    202(a), H. Res. 6, Jan. 4, 1995, p. 464). Clerical and stylistic changes
    were effected when the House recodified its rules in the 106th Congress,
    including an update of a reference to the Patent and Trademark Office
    (H. Res. 5, Jan. 6, 1999, p. 47). In the 109th Congress the House
    established the Committee on Homeland Security with jurisdiction over
    certain functions of the Department of Homeland Security that resulted
    in a conforming change to subparagraph (9) (sec. 2(a)(1), H. Res. 5,
    Jan. 4, 2005, p. ----). In the 109th Congress the House also added
    subparagraph (7) (sec. 2(a)(2), H. Res. 5, Jan. 4, 2005, p. ----). For
    debate (and material submitted during debate) that may edify the reader
    on the jurisdictional issues surrounding the new Committee on Homeland
    Security, see January 4, 2005, p. ----.

    [[Page 455]]

    of Impeachment of the President (Aug. 20, 1974, pp. 29219-81; Dec. 17,
    1998, p. 27819). Where the House has voted impeachment, members of the
    committee have been appointed as managers on the part of the House in
    presenting the charges to the Senate for trial (H. Res. 501, 99th Cong.,
    July 22, 1986, p. 17306; H. Res. 511, 100th Cong., Aug. 3, 1988, p.
    20223; H. Res. 12, 101st Cong., Jan. 3, 1989, p. 84; Dec. 19, 1998, p.
    28112; Jan. 6, 1999, p. 15).
      Under subparagraph (15) the committee has jurisdiction over
    Presidential nominations to fill vacancies in the Office of Vice
    President, submitted pursuant to the 25th amendment to the Constitution
    (Oct. 13, 1973, p. 34032; Aug. 20, 1974, p. 29366). The Committee has
    reported Articles

      The Committee on the Judiciary considers charges against judges of the
    Federal courts (IV, 4062), legislative propositions relating to the
    service of the Department of Justice (IV, 4067), bills relating to local
    courts in the District of Columbia, Alaska, and the territories (IV,
    4068), the establishment of a court of patent appeals (IV, 4075),
    relations of labor to courts and corporations (IV, 4072), crimes,
    penalties, extradition (IV, 4069; VII, 1747), construction and
    management of national penitentiaries (IV, 4070), matters relating to
    trusts and corporations (IV, 4057, 4059, 4060; VII, 1764), claims of
    States against the United States (IV, 4080), general legislation
    relating to international and other claims (IV, 4078, 4079, 4081),
    including measures extending the terms of members of the Foreign Claims
    Settlement Commission (Nov. 14, 1991, p. 32130), bills relating to the
    Office of President (IV, 4077), to the flag (IV, 4055), bankruptcy (IV,
    4065), removal of political disabilities (IV, 4058), prohibition of
    traffic in intoxicating liquors (IV, 4061; VII, 1773), mutiny and
    willful destruction of vessels (IV, 4145), counterfeiting (IV, 4071;
    VII, 1753), settlement of State and territorial boundary lines (IV,
    4060; VII, 1768), meeting of Congress and attendance of Members and
    their acceptance of incompatible offices (IV, 4077, VI, 65).

      The Committee also has jurisdiction over joint resolutions proposing
    amendments to the Constitution (IV, 4056; VII, 1779). It also reports on
    important questions of law relating to subjects naturally within the
    jurisdiction of other committees (IV, 4063). Although the committee has
    historically exercised jurisdiction over lobbying activities, the
    Committee on Standards of Official Conduct was assigned such
    jurisdiction during a brief period (H. Res. 1031, 91st Cong., July 8,
    1970, p. 23141; H. Res. 5, 94th Cong., Jan. 14, 1975, p. 20).

    [[Page 456]]

    Substances Act (Nov. 14, 1983, p. 32457). The Committee has exclusive
    jurisdiction over the Legal Services Corporation (Nov. 19, 1975, p.
    37288) and over the extension of workmen's benefits to non-Federal
    policemen and firemen (Dec. 12, 1975, p. 40204). The Committee has
    exercised jurisdiction, with the Committee on Education and Labor (now
    Education and the Workforce), over bills to amend the Walsh-Healey Act
    regarding hours of work under government contracts (May 15, 1985, p.
    11946). This committee, and not the Committee on Public Works and
    Transportation (now Transportation and Infrastructure), exercised
    jurisdiction over a bill extending the authority for the Marshal of the
    Supreme Court and the Supreme Court Police to protect the Chief Justice,
    Associate Justices, officers, and employees of the Supreme Court beyond
    its building and grounds (Nov. 22, 1993, p. 32074). The Committee on
    Government Reform, and not this committee, has jurisdiction over pay
    adjustments for administrative law judges (July 31, 1991, p. 20677; June
    10, 1999, p. 12435). The Committee on Resources, and not this committee,
    has jurisdiction over a bill to designate an immigration museum within a
    facility of the National Park Service (July 8, 2004, p. ----).
      The Committee also has jurisdiction over bills regulating the
    authority of States to impose taxes on interstate commerce (June 18,
    1959, p. 11317), imposing conflict of interest standards and civil and
    criminal penalties relating thereto on government employees (Feb. 25,
    1960, p. 3484), establishing an Academy of Criminal Justice (Apr. 5,
    1965, p. 6822), to eliminate racketeering in the interstate sale of
    cigarettes (Feb. 9, 1972, p. 3429), providing workmen's compensation for
    non-Federal firemen killed during civil disorder (May 6, 1968, p.
    11798), authorizing the Attorney General to consent to a modification of
    a certain trust on behalf of the Library of Congress (Aug. 17, 1959, p.
    16051), amending an omnibus pension act to increase the amount of
    pension granted a certain class of persons (Feb. 15, 1960, p. 2523), and
    imposing criminal sanctions under the Controlled

      The Committee has the general oversight responsibility set forth in
    clause 2(b).

      (m) Committee on Resources.

    Sec. 732. Resources.

          (1)  Fisheries and wildlife,
    including research, restoration, refuges, and conservation.

          (2) Forest reserves and national parks created from the public
    domain.

          (3) Forfeiture of land grants and alien ownership, including alien
    ownership of mineral lands.

          (4) Geological Survey.

          (5) International fishing agreements.

          (6) Interstate compacts relating to apportionment of waters for
    irrigation purposes.

    [[Page 457]]

          (7) Irrigation and reclamation, including water supply for
    reclamation projects and easements of public lands for irrigation
    projects; and acquisition of private lands when necessary to complete
    irrigation projects.

          (8) Native Americans generally, including the care and allotment
    of Native American lands and general and special measures relating to
    claims that are paid out of Native American funds.

          (9) Insular possessions of the United States generally (except
    those affecting the revenue and appropriations).

          (10) Military parks and battlefields, national cemeteries
    administered by the Secretary of the Interior, parks within the District
    of Columbia, and the erection of monuments to the memory of individuals.

          (11) Mineral land laws and claims and entries thereunder.

          (12) Mineral resources of public lands.

          (13) Mining interests generally.

          (14) Mining schools and experimental stations.

          (15) Marine affairs, including coastal zone management (except for
    measures relating to oil and other pollution of navigable waters).

          (16) Oceanography.

          (17) Petroleum conservation on public lands and conservation of
    the radium supply in the United States.

          (18) Preservation of prehistoric ruins and objects of interest on
    the public domain.

          (19) Public lands generally, including entry, easements, and
    grazing thereon.

    [[Page 458]]

          (20) Relations of the United States with Native Americans and
    Native American tribes.

          (21) Trans-Alaska Oil Pipeline (except ratemaking).

      The Committee on Public Lands was created in 1805 (IV, 4194). Its name
    has since been changed to Interior and Insular Affairs (Feb. 2, 1951, p.
    883); to Natural Resources (H. Res. 5, Jan. 5, 1993, p. 49); and to
    Resources (sec. 202(a), H. Res. 6, Jan. 4, 1995, p. 464).

      The core of the jurisdiction reflected in this paragraph was assigned
    to the committee effective January 2, 1947, as a part of the Legislative
    Reorganization Act of 1946 (60 Stat. 812), which consolidated in this
    committee the jurisdictions of the former Committees on Mines and Mining
    (created in 1865) (IV, 4223), Insular Affairs (created in 1899) (IV,
    4213), Irrigation and Reclamation (created in 1893) (IV, 4307), Indian
    Affairs (created in 1821) (IV, 4204), and territories (created in 1825)
    (IV, 4208), though vesting the subject of welfare of men working in
    mines, formerly under the jurisdiction of the Committee on Mines and
    Mining, in the Committee on Education and Labor (now Education and the
    Workforce). Until the Reorganization Act, military parks, battlefields,
    and national cemeteries were under jurisdiction of the Committee on
    Military Affairs. Jurisdiction over cemeteries of the United States in
    which veterans may be buried, except those administered by the Secretary
    of the Interior, was transferred to the Committee on Veterans' Affairs
    in the 90th Congress (H. Res. 241, Oct. 20, 1967).

      In the Committee Reform Amendments of 1974, effective January 3, 1975,
    the committee gained jurisdiction over parks within the District of
    Columbia, formerly within the jurisdiction of the Committee on Public
    Works and Transportation (now Transportation and Infrastructure)
    (subpara. (10)), and lost specific jurisdiction over Indian education
    and over Hawaii and Alaska, generally (H. Res. 988, 93d Cong., Oct. 8,
    1974, p. 34470). By that same resolution, the committee was given
    special oversight functions in clause 3.

    [[Page 459]]

    clause were adjusted to reflect the transfer of nonmilitary nuclear
    energy and research and development including disposal of nuclear waste
    from this committee to the Committee on Energy and Commerce, though
    conforming changes in former paragraphs (e) and (h) of clause 3 were
    inadvertently omitted. Clerical and stylistic changes were effected when
    the House recodified its rules in the 106th Congress, (H. Res. 5, Jan.
    6, 1999, p. 47).
      The 104th Congress expanded the jurisdiction of the committee by:
    adding subparagraphs (1), (5), (15), and (16) to reflect the transfer of
    those matters from the former Committee on Merchant Marine and
    Fisheries; inserting the subject of monuments in memory of individuals
    in subparagraph (10) to reflect the transfer of that matter from the
    Committee on House Administration; adding subparagraph (21), an
    exceptional treatment of pipeline jurisdiction otherwise vested in the
    Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure; and deleting the subject
    of regulation of the domestic nuclear energy industry to reflect the
    transfer of that jurisdiction, which this committee had acquired when
    the 95th Congress abolished the Joint Committee on Atomic Energy (H.
    Res. 5, Jan. 4, 1977, pp. 53-70) and which it shared with the Committee
    on Energy and Commerce, to the Committee on Energy and Commerce (sec.
    202(a), H. Res. 6, Jan. 4, 1995, p. 464). At the same time, the
    statements of special oversight functions formerly found in this
    paragraph and in former paragraph (e) of this

    [[Page 460]]

    matter) (Oct. 30, 1997, p. 23967). This committee, and not the Committee
    on Agriculture, has jurisdiction over a bill to convey land that is part
    of a National Forest created from the public domain (Mar. 23, 2004, p.
    ----). This committee, and not the Committee on the Judiciary, has
    jurisdiction over a bill to designate an immigration museum within a
    facility of the National Park Service (July 8, 2004, p. ----).
      The Committee reports on subjects relating to the mineral resources of
    the public lands (IV, 4202), forfeiture of land grants and alien
    ownership (IV, 4201), validation of certain conveyances of erstwhile
    public lands by a railway company (July 11, 1995, p. 18397), public
    lands of Alaska (IV, 4196), forest reserves (IV, 4197), and national
    parks created out of the public domain (IV, 4199; VII, 1925), including
    measures relating to criminal trespass provisions applying only within
    national forests created from the public domain (July 18, 1977, p.
    23434); to admission of States (IV, 4208); to preservation of
    prehistoric ruins and objects of interest on the public domain (IV,
    4199); and sometimes to projects of general legislation relating to
    various classes of land claims (IV, 4203). The Committee also has
    jurisdiction over the following bills: to dispose of proceeds from oil
    shale on public lands (other than naval oil shale reserves) (Aug. 3,
    1967, p. 21179); to exclude certain lands in the Outer Continental Shelf
    from mineral leasing provisions of the Outer Continental Shelf Lands Act
    (May 16, 1963, p. 8777); to reinstate a U.S. oil and gas lease (Aug. 5,
    1959, p. 15190); to address U.S. claims to lands along the Colorado
    River forming State boundaries (June 28, 1967, p. 17738); to designate
    national forest lands created from the public domain as wilderness (May
    6, 1969, p. 11459); to include additional units in the Missouri River
    Basin project (Sept. 8, 1959, p. 18587); to establish a commission on
    development of Pennsylvania Avenue in D.C. as a national historic site
    (Oct. 21, 1965, p. 27803); to authorize the Secretary of the Interior to
    conduct a feasibility investigation of potential water resource
    development (May 1, 1975, p. 12764); to establish a commission to
    consider the creation of a (Hudson) River compact (July 21, 1975, p.
    23653); to name a building constructed as part of a Federal recreation
    area (June 8, 1988, p. 13803); to address the siting on Federal parkland
    of an established national memorial (Sept. 24, 1991, p. 23731); (with
    the Committee on Agriculture) to exchange a Federal tree nursery for
    certain State mining patents touching a public domain (western) forest
    (Sept. 17, 1991, p. 23193); and to transfer interest in a National
    Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration fisheries research laboratory
    (Oct. 1, 2002, p. ----). The Committee on National Security (now Armed
    Services), and not this committee, has jurisdiction over the transfer of
    military property to a State to be designated by the State as a
    wilderness area (Nov. 15, 1995, p. 32627). The Committee on Agriculture,
    and not this committee, has jurisdiction over the designation of an
    agricultural research center (May 14, 1996, p. 11070). The Committee on
    Education and the Workforce, and not this committee, has jurisdiction
    over a bill amending the Native American Programs Act of 1974 (an Indian
    education

      The authority of the committee to report as privileged bills for the
    forfeiture of land grants to railroad and other corporations, bills
    preventing speculation in the public lands, bills for the preservation
    of the public lands for the benefit of actual and bona fide settlers,
    and bills for the admission of new States was eliminated in the
    Committee Reform Amendments of 1974, effective January 3, 1975 (H. Res.
    988, 93d Cong., Oct. 8, 1974, p. 34470).

      (n) Committee on Rules.

    Sec. 733. Rules.

          (1)  Rules and joint rules (other than
    those relating to the Code of Official Conduct) and the order of
    business of the House.

          (2) Recesses and final adjournments of Congress.

      This committee, which had existed as a select committee from 1789,
    became a standing committee in 1880 (IV, 4321; VII, 2047). The
    jurisdiction defined in this paragraph became effective January 2, 1947,
    as a part of the Legislative Reorganization Act of 1946 (60 Stat. 812).
    Clerical and stylistic changes were effected when the House recodified
    its rules in the 106th Congress, including the deletion of a redundant
    undesignated pararaph permitting the committee to sit during sessions of
    the House (H. Res. 5, Jan. 6, 1999, p. 47). That undesignated paragraph,
    originally designated as subparagraph (3) (H. Res. 5, Jan. 5, 1993, p.
    49), was derived from section 134(c) of the Legislative Reorganization
    Act of 1946, even though the committee had authority to sit during
    sessions of the House since 1893 (IV, 4546). Effective January 3, 1975,
    however, the authority for all committees to sit and act whether the
    House is in session or has adjourned rendered this provision obsolete
    (H. Res. 988, 93d Cong., Oct. 8, 1974, p. 34470).

    [[Page 461]]

    eliminate prescriptions of committee sizes (H. Res. 988, 93d Cong., Oct.
    8, 1974, p. 34470), and in the 94th through the 98th Congresses 16
    Members were named to the Committee on Nominations from the respective
    party caucuses (see, e.g., H. Res. 76, Jan. 20, 1975, p. 803; H. Res.
    101, Jan. 28, 1975, p. 1611), and in the 99th through 101st Congresses,
    13 Members were named to the Committee on Nominations from the
    respective party caucuses (see, e.g., H. Res. 34, 35, Jan. 30, 1985, pp.
    1271, 1273).
      The Speaker was first made a member of the committee in 1858 (IV,
    4321), and ceased to be a member on March 19, 1910 (VII, 2047). However,
    the Legislative Reorganization Act of 1946 deleted from the former rule
    the prohibition against the Speaker serving on the committee. The size
    of the committee was increased from 12 to 15 members for the 87th
    Congress (Jan. 31, 1961, p. 1589), and the increase in the committee's
    size was incorporated as a part of the rules in the 88th Congress (Jan.
    9, 1963, p. 14). Effective January 3, 1975, however, the rules were
    amended to

      The subject of recesses and adjournments was formerly under the
    jurisdiction of the Committee on Ways and Means. In section 402(b) of
    the Congressional Budget Act of 1974 (P.L. 93-344, July 12, 1974), the
    committee was given specific authority to report emergency waivers of
    the required reporting date for bills and resolutions authorizing new
    budget authority. That authority was incorporated into this rule,
    effective January 3, 1975 (H. Res. 988, 93d Cong., Oct. 8, 1974, p.
    34470), but was repealed as obsolete in the 102d Congress (H. Res. 5,
    Jan. 3, 1991, p. 39). Jurisdiction over rules relating to official
    conduct and financial disclosure was transferred to the Committee on
    Standards of Official Conduct on April 3, 1968 (H. Res. 1099, 90th
    Cong.), but in the 95th Congress, jurisdiction over rules relating to
    financial disclosure by Members, officers, and employees of the House
    was returned to this committee (H. Res. 5, Jan. 4, 1977, pp. 53-70).

      The jurisdiction of this committee is primarily over propositions to
    make or change the rules (V, 6770, 6776; VII, 2047), for the creation of
    committees (IV, 4322; VII, 2048), and directing them to make
    investigations (IV, 4322-4324; VII, 2048). Effective January 3, 1975,
    however, the authority for all committees to conduct investigations and
    studies was made a part of the standing rules (clause 1(b) of rule XI),
    as was the authority to issue subpoenas (clause 2(m) of rule XI) (H.
    Res. 988, 93d Cong., Oct. 8, 1974, p. 34470). The Committee also reports
    resolutions relating to the hour of daily meeting and the days on which
    the House shall sit (IV, 4325), and orders relating to the use of the
    galleries during the electoral count (IV, 4327). The chairman of the
    Committee on the Budget inserted in the Congressional Record a
    Memorandum of Understanding between this committee and the Committee on
    the Budget to clarify each Committee's jurisdiction over the
    congressional budget process (Jan. 4, 1995, p. 617). The Committee on
    the Budget has primary jurisdiction, and this committee has additional
    jurisdiction, over a bill amending the Budget Act to establish new
    legislative points of order and directing that the President include a
    specified matter with his budget (Feb. 13, 2001, p. 1817).

    [[Page 462]]

    Sec. 734. Special orders of business.

      Since  1883 the
    Committee on Rules has reported special orders providing times and
    methods for consideration of individual bills or classes of bills,
    thereby enabling the House by majority vote to forward particular
    legislation, instead of being forced to use for the purpose the motion
    to suspend the rules, which requires a two-thirds vote (IV, 3152; V,
    6870; for forms of, IV, 3238-3263).

      Special orders may still be made by suspension of the rules (IV, 3154)
    or by unanimous consent (IV, 3165, 3166; VII, 758); but it is not in
    order, by motion in the House, to provide that a subject be made a
    special order by a motion to postpone to a day certain (IV, 3164).
    Before the adoption of rules, and consequently before there is a rule as
    to the order of business, the Speaker may recognize a Member to offer by
    direction of the caucus of the majority party for immediate
    consideration a special order providing for the consideration in the
    House of a subsequent resolution to adopt rules for the new Congress (H.
    Res. 5, Jan. 4, 1995, p. 447). A special order reported by the Committee
    on Rules must be agreed to by a majority vote of the House (IV, 3169).

      It is not in order to move to postpone a special order providing for
    the consideration of a class of bills (V, 4958), but a bill which comes
    before the House by the terms of a special order merely assigning the
    day for its consideration may be postponed by a majority vote (IV, 3177-
    3182). A motion to rescind a special order is not privileged under the
    rules regulating the order of business (IV, 3173, 3174; V, 5323).

      A motion to amend the Rules of the House does not present a question
    of privilege (VIII, 3377, overruling VIII, 3376; see also rule IX and
    Sec. 706, supra), and it is not in order by raising a question of the
    privileges of the House under rule IX to move to direct the Committee on
    Rules to consider a request to report a special order of business
    (Speaker Albert, June 27, 1974, p. 21599), or to direct the Committee on
    Rules to meet, to elect a temporary chairman (in the temporary absence
    of the chairman) and consider special orders of business (Speaker
    Albert, July 31, 1975, p. 26250).

      For further discussion of the Committee on Rules, see Sec. Sec. 857-
    859, infra.

      (o) Committee on Science.

    Sec. 735. Science.

          (1)  All energy research, development,
    and demonstration, and projects therefor, and all federally owned or
    operated nonmilitary energy laboratories.

          (2) Astronautical research and development, including resources,
    personnel, equipment, and facilities.

          (3) Civil aviation research and development.

          (4) Environmental research and development.

    [[Page 463]]

          (5) Marine research.

          (6) Commercial application of energy technology.

          (7) National Institute of Standards and Technology,
    standardization of weights and measures, and the metric system.

          (8) National Aeronautics and Space Administration.

          (9) National Space Council.

          (10) National Science Foundation.

          (11) National Weather Service.

          (12) Outer space, including exploration and control thereof.

          (13) Science scholarships.

          (14) Scientific research, development, and demonstration, and
    projects therefor.

    [[Page 464]]

    tional statement of the committee was updated to reflect the renaming of
    executive branch entities (H. Res. 5, Jan. 5, 1993, p. 49). The 104th
    Congress again renamed the committee as the Committee on Science and
    expanded its jurisdiction by adding subparagraph (5), from the former
    Committee on Merchant Marine and Fisheries, and subparagraph (6), from
    the Committee on Energy and Commerce (sec. 202(a), H. Res. 6, Jan. 4,
    1995, p. 464). Clerical and stylistic changes were effected when the
    House recodified its rules in the 106th Congress, including the deletion
    of a redundant undesignated recitation of general and special oversight
    functions (H. Res. 5, Jan. 6, 1999, p. 47).
      The standing Committee on Science and Astronautics was established in
    the 85th Congress and given jurisdiction formerly vested in a Select
    Committee on Astronautics and Space Exploration established a few months
    earlier (Mar. 5, 1958, p. 3443), as well as the former jurisdiction of
    the Committee on Interstate and Foreign Commerce (now Energy and
    Commerce) over the Bureau of Standards (now the National Institute of
    Standards and Technology) and science scholarships (July 21, 1958, p.
    14513). By the Committee Reform Amendments of 1974, effective January 3,
    1975, the committee was redesignated as the Committee on Science and
    Technology and given additional jurisdiction over civil aviation
    research and development, environmental research and development,
    nonnuclear energy research and development, and the National Weather
    Service (now part of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric
    Administration) (H. Res. 988, 93d Cong., Oct. 8, 1974, p. 34470). At the
    same time the committee was given the general and special oversight
    functions set forth in clause 2(b) and former clause 3(f) (current
    clause 3(k)). When the House abolished the Joint Committee on Atomic
    Energy in the 95th Congress, this committee was given jurisdiction over
    nuclear research and development, as well (H. Res. 5, Jan. 4, 1977, pp.
    53-70). Its jurisdiction over energy research and development (now
    subpara. (1)) was amended in the 96th Congress, effective January 3,
    1981, to specifically include energy demonstration projects and
    federally owned nonmilitary energy laboratories (H. Res. 549, Mar. 25,
    1980, pp. 6405-10). In the 100th Congress, the committee was
    redesignated as the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology (H. Res.
    5, Jan. 6, 1987, p. 6). In the 103d Congress the jurisdic

      The Committee has jurisdiction over proposals dealing with U.S.
    participation in the World Science Pan-Pacific Exposition (June 24,
    1959, p. 11810); over a resolution condemning Soviet Union internal
    exile of an individual, and recommending that Government agencies
    including NASA, the National Bureau of Standards and the National
    Science Foundation defer official travel to that country (Jan. 30, 1980,
    p. 1320); with the Committees on Armed Services and Interior and Insular
    Affairs (now Resources), over bills to test the commercial viability of
    oil shale technologies within the naval oil shale reserves or on other
    public lands (Sept. 26, 1978, p. 31623); and with four other committees
    over a bill coordinating Federal agencies' research into ground water
    contamination, including that done by the Environmental Protection
    Agency (Mar. 15, 1989, p. 4163). The Committee on Resources, and not
    this committee, has jurisdiction over a bill transferring interest in a
    National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration fisheries research
    laboratory (Oct. 1, 2002, p. ----).

      (p) Committee on Small Business.

    Sec. 736. Small Business.

          (1)  Assistance to and
    protection of small business, including financial aid, regulatory
    flexibility, and paperwork reduction.

          (2) Participation of small-business enterprises in Federal
    procurement and Government contracts.

      A Select Committee on Small Business was first established in the 77th
    Congress (H. Res. 294, pp. 9418-28) and was reconstituted each Congress
    thereafter by resolution reported from the Committee on Rules until made
    permanent in the 92d Congress (H. Res. 5, Jan. 22, 1971, p. 144).

    [[Page 465]]

    34470). At the same time the general and special oversight functions
    were set forth in clause 2(b) and in former clause 3(g) (current clause
    3(l)). The 104th Congress expanded the jurisdiction of the committee
    over assistance to and protection of small business by inserting the
    references to regulatory flexibility and paperwork reduction in
    subparagraph (1) (sec. 202(a), H. Res. 6, Jan. 4, 1995, p. 464; see also
    Feb. 9, 1995, p. 4328) and later effected a technical correction (H.
    Res. 254, Nov. 30, 1995, p. 35077). Clerical and stylistic changes were
    effected when the House recodified its rules in the 106th Congress,
    including the deletion of a redundant undesignated recitation of general
    and special oversight functions (H. Res. 5, Jan. 6, 1999, p. 47).

      The Committee Reform Amendments of 1974 established a standing
    Committee on Small Business, effective January 3, 1975, and vested it
    with legislative jurisdiction formerly held by the Committee on Banking
    and Currency (now Financial Services) (subpara. (1)) and the Committee
    on the Judiciary (subpara. (2)) (H. Res. 988, 93d Cong., Oct. 8, 1974,
    p.

      (q) Committee on Standards of Official Conduct.

          The Code of Official Conduct.

    Sec. 737. Standards of Official Conduct.

      In  the 90th
    Congress the Committee on Standards of Official Conduct was established
    as a standing committee (H. Res. 418, Apr. 13, 1967, p. 9425). Its
    precursor was the Select Committee on Standards and Conduct, created in
    the 89th Congress (H. Res. 1013, Oct. 19, 1966, pp. 27713-30). At
    various times in its history, the legislative jurisdiction of the
    committee has included jurisdiction over measures relating to (1)
    financial disclosure by Members, officers, and employees of the House
    (H. Res. 1099, 90th Cong., Apr. 3, 1968, p. 8776); (2) the raising,
    reporting, and use of campaign contributions for candidates for the
    House (H. Res. 988, 93d Cong., Oct. 8, 1974, p. 34470); and (3) lobbying
    activities (H. Res. 1031, 91st Cong., July 8, 1970, p. 23141). However,
    legislative jurisdiction over measures relating to financial disclosure
    was transferred to the Committee on Rules in the 95th Congress (H. Res.
    5, Jan. 4, 1977, pp. 53-70); legislative jurisdiction over measures
    relating to campaign contributions for candidates for the House was
    transferred to House Administration, and legislative jurisdiction over
    measures relating to lobbying activities was removed from the committee
    (thereby devolving on the Committee on the Judiciary) in the 94th
    Congress (H. Res. 5, Jan. 14, 1975, p. 20). Clerical and stylistic
    changes were effected when the House recodified its rules in the 106th
    Congress, including the deletion of a redundant undesignated recitation
    of general and special functions (H. Res. 5, Jan. 6, 1999, p. 47).

      Two rules relating to the official conduct of Members outside the
    confines of rule XXIII, the ``Code of Official Conduct,'' are as
    follows: rule XXIV, limitations on use of official funds, and rule XXV,
    limitations on outside earned income and acceptance of gifts.

    [[Page 466]]

      Under clause 5(a) of rule XIII, the committee is empowered to report
    as privileged resolutions recommending action by the House of
    Representatives with respect to the official conduct of an individual
    Member, officer, or employee of the House.

      In addition to its legislative jurisdiction, the committee has the
    general oversight responsibility set forth in clause 2(b) and the
    additional functions of conducting the investigations and making the
    reports and recommendations required by clause 5 of rule XIII or by
    resolution of the House (see, e.g., H. Res. 252, 95th Cong., Feb. 9,
    1977, pp. 3966-75, directing investigation of gifts from Korean
    Government; H. Res. 1042, 94th Cong., Feb. 16, 1976, pp. 3158-61,
    directing investigation of unauthorized publication of report of Select
    Committee on Intelligence; and H. Res. 608, 96th Cong., Mar. 27, 1980,
    pp. 6995-98, relating to ``Abscam'').

      The Committee has investigated roll call procedures in the House and
    recommended installation of a modernized voting system (June 19, 1969,
    p. 16629). In the 95th Congress the committee was authorized by section
    515 of Public Law 95-105 to act as the ``employing agency'' for the
    House of Representatives under the Foreign Gifts and Decorations Act,
    and the committee promulgated regulations under that statute concerning
    acceptance of foreign gifts and decorations by Members and employees
    (Jan. 23, 1978, p. 452). In the 96th Congress the committee was assigned
    as additional responsibilities the functions designated in title I of
    the Ethics in Government Act of 1978 (P.L. 95-521) relating to the
    administration of government ethics laws as they apply to Members,
    officers, and employees of the House (H. Res. 5, Jan. 15, 1979, p. 7).
    In the 102d Congress those responsibilities were enlarged to include
    also the functions designated in title V of the Act and the specified
    sections of title 5, United States Code (H. Res. 5, Jan. 3, 1991, p.
    39).

      The Committee has compiled statutory and rule-based ethical standards
    in the House Ethics Manual (102d Cong., 2d Sess.). In the Manual, the
    committee incorporates its advisory opinions issued under clause 3(a)(4)
    of rule XI, together with advisory opinions issued by the former Select
    Committee on Ethics, in its discussions of various ethical issues,
    including gifts, outside income, financial disclosure, staff rights and
    duties, official allowances and franking, casework considerations,
    campaign financing and practices, and involvement with official and
    unofficial organizations. The committee also has compiled a complete
    statement of the rules on gifts and travel, which supersedes Chapter 2
    of the 1992 House Ethics Manual (Gifts and Travel, 106th Cong., 2d
    Sess.).

    [[Page 467]]

    sory opinions compiled by the former Select Committee on Ethics have
    been incorporated in the House Ethics Manual (102d Cong., 2d Sess.).

    Sec. 738. Former Select Committees on
    Ethics.

      In the 95th  Congress, the House established a Select Committee on Ethics
    and granted it exclusive legislative jurisdiction over bills that
    incorporated into permanent law provisions of House rules addressing
    financial ethics of Members, officers, and employees (H. Res. 383, Mar.
    9, 1977, pp. 6811-16). The Select Committee was also granted
    jurisdiction to promulgate implementing regulations and to issue
    advisory opinions. The resolution creating the Select Committee provided
    that it would expire on December 31, 1977, but the committee and its
    functions ultimately were extended through the completion of its
    official business (H. Res. 871, Oct. 31, 1977, p. 35957). The advi

      In the 105th Congress a new subparagraph (3) was added at the end of
    former clause 4(e) of rule X to establish a Select Committee on Ethics
    only to resolve an inquiry originally undertaken by the standing
    Committee on Standards of Official Conduct in the 104th Congress (H.
    Res. 5, Jan. 7, 1997, p. 121). The Select Committee filed one report to
    the House (H. Rept. 105-1, H. Res. 31, Jan. 21, 1997, p. 393).

      (r) Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure.

    Sec. 739. Transportation and Infrastructure.

          (1)  Coast
    Guard, including lifesaving service, lighthouses, lightships, ocean
    derelicts, and the Coast Guard Academy.

          (2) Federal management of emergencies and natural disasters.

          (3) Flood control and improvement of rivers and harbors.

          (4) Inland waterways.

          (5) Inspection of merchant marine vessels, lights and signals,
    lifesaving equipment, and fire protection on such vessels.

          (6) Navigation and laws relating thereto, including pilotage.

          (7) Registering and licensing of vessels and small boats.

          (8) Rules and international arrangements to prevent collisions at
    sea.

          (9) The Capitol Building and the Senate and House Office
    Buildings.

          (10) Construction or maintenance of roads and post roads (other
    than appropriations therefor).

    [[Page 468]]

    the Botanic Garden, the Library of Congress, and the Smithsonian
    Institution.
          (11) Construction or reconstruction, maintenance, and care of
    buildings and grounds of

          (12) Merchant marine (except for national security aspects
    thereof).

          (13) Purchase of sites and construction of post offices,
    customhouses, Federal courthouses, and Government buildings within the
    District of Columbia.

          (14) Oil and other pollution of navigable waters, including
    inland, coastal, and ocean waters.

          (15) Marine affairs, including coastal zone management, as they
    relate to oil and other pollution of navigable waters.

          (16) Public buildings and occupied or improved grounds of the
    United States generally.

          (17) Public works for the benefit of navigation, including bridges
    and dams (other than international bridges and dams).

          (18) Related transportation regulatory agencies (except the
    Transportation Security Administration).

          (19) Roads and the safety thereof.

          (20) Transportation, including civil aviation, railroads, water
    transportation, transportation safety (except automobile safety and
    transportation security functions of the Department of Homeland
    Security), transportation infrastructure, transportation labor, and
    railroad retirement and unemployment (except revenue measures related
    thereto).

    [[Page 469]]

          (21) Water power.

      The Committee was created effective January 2, 1947, as a part of the
    Legislative Reorganization Act of 1946 (60 Stat. 812), combining the
    Committees on Flood Control (created in 1916) (VII, 2069), Public
    Buildings and Grounds (created in 1837) (IV, 4231), Rivers and Harbors
    (created in 1883) (IV, 4118)), and Roads (created in 1913) (VII, 2065).
    The authority of the committee to report as privileged bills authorizing
    the improvement of rivers and harbors was eliminated by the Committee
    Reform Amendments of 1974, effective January 3, 1975 (H. Res. 988, 93d
    Cong., Oct. 8, 1974, p. 34470). At the same time the committee's
    jurisdiction over parks in the District of Columbia was transferred to
    the Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs (now Resources); and it
    gained jurisdiction over transportation, including civil aviation
    (except railroads, railroad labor, and railroad pensions), over roads
    and the safety thereof, over water transportation subject to the
    jurisdiction of the Interstate Commerce Commission, and over related
    transportation regulatory agencies with certain exceptions. The 104th
    Congress changed the name of the Committee from Public Works and
    Transportation to Transportation and Infrastructure and expanded its
    jurisdiction by: adding subparagraphs (1), (6)-(8), (12), and (15) to
    reflect the transfer of those matters from the former Committee on
    Merchant Marine and Fisheries; adding subparagraph (4) and enlarging
    subparagraph (20) to reflect the transfer of those matters from the
    Committee on Energy and Commerce; and adding subparagraph (2) and
    inserting the reference to inland, coastal, and ocean waters in
    subparagraph (14), as clarifying consolidations of formerly
    fractionalized subjects (sec. 202(a), H. Res. 6, Jan. 4, 1995, p. 464).
    Clerical and stylistic changes were effected when the House recodified
    its rules in the 106th Congress. The 106th Congress also adopted a
    substantive amendment to this provision deleting the prohibition against
    including a provision for a specific road in a bill providing for
    another specific road or in a general road bill (H. Res. 5, Jan. 6,
    1999, p. 47). In the 109th Congress the House established the Committee
    on Homeland Security (sec. 2(a), H. Res. 5, Jan. 4, 2005, p. ----). The
    new committee was given jurisdiction over certain functions of the
    Department of Homeland Security that resulted in two conforming changes
    to this paragraph. For debate (and material submitted during debate)
    that may edify the reader on the jurisdictional issues surrounding the
    new committee, see January 4, 2005, p. ----.

    [[Page 470]]

    an annex to the National Gallery of Art by the Smithsonian Institution
    (Apr. 10, 1968, p. 9553); addressing the location and development of the
    J. F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts (Sept. 15, 1965, p. 23927;
    Oct. 21, 1965, p. 27803); transferring land under the control of the
    Corps of Engineers to Indian tribes (Jan. 29, 1976, p. 1577); amending
    the Interstate Commerce Act to regulate truck transportation (Feb. 24,
    1976, p. 4109; Mar. 1, 1979, p. 3754); concerning the treatment of a
    U.S. air freight carrier by the Japanese Ministry of Transport pursuant
    to an understanding negotiated under the International Air
    Transportation Competition Act of 1979 (not a Trade Act matter) (July
    28, 1988, p. 19536); and over an executive communication amending Public
    Law 90-553, reported by the committee, to authorize the transfer,
    conveyance, lease and improvement of, and construction on, certain
    property in the District of Columbia, for use as a headquarters site for
    an international organization, as sites for governments of foreign
    countries (Sept. 10, 1981, p. 20598). The Committee on Government Reform
    and Oversight (now Government Reform), and not this committee, has
    jurisdiction over a bill renaming an existing post office building (Aug.
    4, 1995, p. 22085; Oct. 1, 1998, p. 22933) and renaming an existing post
    office building that also housed a courthouse (Sept. 14, 2000, p.
    18054). However, this committee, and not the Committee on Government
    Reform and Oversight (now Government Reform), has jurisdiction over a
    bill redesignating a general-purpose Federal building as a post office
    (Apr. 24, 1997, p. 6291). This committee, and not the Committee on Ways
    and Means, has jurisdiction over a bill designating a customs building
    (Dec. 12, 1995, p. 36165). The Committee on Resources, and not this
    committee, has jurisdiction over a bill to validate certain conveyances
    of erstwhile public lands by a railway company (July 11, 1995, p.
    18397). The Committee on Government Reform, and not this committee, has
    jurisdiction over a bill transferring real property administered by the
    Coast Guard where the bill explicitly waives the Federal Property and
    Administrative Services Act and directs the Administrator of General
    Services to convey the property (Oct. 2, 1998, p. 23186).
      The Committee has jurisdiction over proposals establishing Treasury
    revolving funds for the Southeastern and Southwestern Power
    Administrations (July 2, 1959, p. 12629); directing the Secretary of the
    Army to provide school facilities for dependents of Corps of Engineers
    construction workers (June 17, 1968, p. 17429); conveying Corps of
    Engineers flood-control project lands (July 15, 1965, p. 17002) or
    naming reservoirs within such projects (Oct. 3, 1989, p. 22770) or
    allocating or limiting water use therefrom (Feb. 28, 1990, p. 2893);
    directing the Secretary of the Army to renew the license of an American
    Legion Post to use a parcel of land on a Corps of Engineer project (May
    10, 1988, p. 10282); authorizing construction of

    [[Page 471]]

    to convert from a defense economy by, inter alia, authorizing economic
    assistance for public works and economic development (June 24, 1991, p.
    16021; June 11, 1992, p. 14470); and with the Committee on Education and
    Labor (now Education and the Workforce) over bills providing labor
    protections to workers, including airline employees, in the
    transportation industry (June 24, 1991, p. 16020; Feb. 24, 1993, p.
    3577).
      The Committee has shared jurisdiction: with the Committee on Energy
    and Commerce over a bill amending the Solid Waste Disposal Act to
    provide for the cleanup of hazardous waste sites or discharges
    presenting a threat to human health and the environment, including
    navigable waters (Mar. 21, 1984, p. 6186); with the Committee on
    Government Operations (now Government Reform) over a bill to require the
    Administrator of General Services to convey certain real property (a
    Federal building) to the Museum for the American Indian and providing
    for renovation and alteration of the property (Oct. 28, 1987, p. 29685);
    with the Committee on House Administration over a bill authorizing the
    Smithsonian Institution to construct, expand, and renovate facilities at
    the Cooper-Hewitt Museum in New York (July 21, 1987, p. 20309), and over
    a bill authorizing appropriations to plan, design, construct, and equip
    museum space for the Smithsonian (July 18, 1991, p. 18830); with several
    other committees over bills

      In the 101st Congress, the committee reported a bill requiring a
    cooling-off period in a labor-management dispute between an airline and
    its unions under the Railway Labor Act (H.R. 1231, Mar. 13, 1989, p.
    4032).

      (s) Committee on Veterans' Affairs.

          (1) Veterans' measures generally.

    Sec. 740. Veterans' Affairs.

          (2)  Cemeteries of the
    United States in which veterans of any war or conflict are or may be
    buried, whether in the United States or abroad (except cemeteries
    administered by the Secretary of the Interior).

          (3) Compensation, vocational rehabilitation, and education of
    veterans.

          (4) Life insurance issued by the Government on account of service
    in the Armed Forces.

          (5) Pensions of all the wars of the United States, general and
    special.

          (6) Readjustment of servicemembers to civil life.

          (7) Servicemembers' civil relief.

          (8) Veterans' hospitals, medical care, and treatment of veterans.

    [[Page 472]]

    (Feb. 4, 1959, p. 1812), and over bills to amend the Servicemen's and
    Veterans' Survivor Benefits Act relating to service-connected deaths of
    retired members of the uniformed services (May 18, 1959, p. 8273).
    Clerical and stylistic changes were effected when the House recodified
    its rules in the 106th Congress (H. Res. 5, Jan. 6, 1999, p. 47).
    Technical changes to subparagraphs (6) and (7) were effected in the
    109th Congress (sec. 2(l), H. Res. 5, Jan. 4, 2005, p. ----).

      This committee was established January 2, 1947, as a part of the
    Legislative Reorganization Act of 1946 (60 Stat. 812), and was vested
    with jurisdiction formerly exercised by the Committees on World War
    Veterans' Legislation (VII, 2077); Invalid Pensions (IV, 4258); and
    Pensions (IV, 4260). Jurisdiction over veterans' cemeteries administered
    by the Department of Defense was transferred from the Committee on
    Interior and Insular Affairs (now Resources) in the 90th Congress (H.
    Res. 241, Oct. 20, 1967, p. 29560). Vocational rehabilitation, except
    that pertaining to veterans, is under the jurisdiction of the Committee
    on Education and the Workforce. The Committee has jurisdiction over
    bills to amend the Soldiers and Sailors Civil Relief Act of 1940 to
    permit certain declarations of fact in lieu of affidavits

      (t) Committee on Ways and Means.

    Sec. 741. Ways and Means.

          (1)  Customs revenue,
    collection districts, and ports of entry and delivery.

          (2) Reciprocal trade agreements.

          (3) Revenue measures generally.

          (4) Revenue measures relating to insular possessions.

          (5) Bonded debt of the United States, subject to the last sentence
    of clause 4(f).

          (6) Deposit of public monies.

          (7) Transportation of dutiable goods.

          (8) Tax exempt foundations and charitable trusts.

          (9) National social security (except health care and facilities
    programs that are supported from general revenues as opposed to payroll
    deductions and except work incentive programs).

      A select Committee on Ways and Means dates from 1789. It was made a
    standing committee in 1802. Originally it considered both revenue and
    appropriations, but in 1865 the appropriation bills were given to the
    Committee on Appropriations and certain other bills to the Committee on
    Banking and Currency (now Financial Services) (IV, 4020). Its
    jurisdiction was also amended on April 5, 1911 (p. 58), and further
    defined in the Legislative Reorganization Act of 1946 (60 Stat. 812),
    which transferred the subject of recesses and final adjournments from
    this committee to the Committee on Rules.

    [[Page 473]]

    of the Committee on Banking and Currency (now Financial Services)
    because of their impact on the economy, while it was released from:
    jurisdiction over health care and facilities programs supported from
    general revenues to the Committee on Energy and Commerce; jurisdiction
    over work incentive programs to the Committee on Education and Labor
    (now Education and the Workforce); and jurisdiction over renegotiation
    to the Committee on Banking, Finance and Urban Affairs (now Financial
    Services) (H. Res. 988, 93d Cong., Oct. 8, 1974, p. 34470). The
    Committee Reform Amendments also transferred jurisdiction over general
    revenue sharing from this committee to the Committee on Government
    Operations (now Government Reform); however, revenue sharing was
    stricken from the jurisdictional statement of the Committee on
    Government Reform in the 104th Congress (sec. 202(a), H. Res. 6, Jan. 4,
    1995, p. 464).
      By the Committee Reform Amendments of 1974, effective January 3, 1975,
    the committee gained legislative jurisdiction over tax exempt
    foundations and charitable trusts (subpara. (8)), formerly within the
    jurisdiction

      The Committee's jurisdiction over the bonded debt of the United States
    (subpara. (5)) was made subject to the last sentence of clause 4(f)
    (formerly clause 4(g)) of rule X in the 96th Congress by Public Law 96-
    78 (93 Stat. 589). Clerical and stylistic changes were effected when the
    House recodified its rules in the 106th Congress (H. Res. 5, Jan. 6,
    1999, p. 47). In the 109th Congress the House established the Committee
    on Homeland Security (sec. 2(a), H. Res. 5, Jan. 4, 2005, p. ----). The
    new committee was given jurisdiction over certain functions of the
    Department of Homeland Security that resulted in a conforming change to
    this paragraph. For debate (and material submitted during debate) that
    may edify the reader on the jurisdictional issues surrounding the new
    committee, see January 4, 2005, p. ----.

      The revenue jurisdiction of the committee extends to such subjects as
    transportation of dutiable goods, collection districts, ports of entry
    and delivery (IV, 4026), customs unions, reciprocity treaties (IV,
    4021), revenue relations of the United States with Puerto Rico (IV,
    4025), the revenue bills relating to agricultural products generally,
    excepting oleomargarine (IV, 4022), and tax on cotton and grain futures.
    The Committee formerly had jurisdiction as to seal herds and other
    revenue-producing animals in Alaska but this jurisdiction was changed in
    the 68th Congress to the former Committee on Merchant Marine and
    Fisheries (VII, 1725, 1851). As exemplified by sequential referrals in
    the 96th Congress, the committee has jurisdiction of reported bills
    creating major oilspill and hazardous waste trust funds in the Treasury,
    funded by assessments on all quantities of oil, petrochemical
    feedstocks, and other hazardous substances sold for sale, where the
    scope and size of the funds and the method of assessment (similar to an
    excise tax) represented the collection of general revenue to fund
    particular Federal activities, a type of financing mechanism over which
    the Ways and Means Committee has traditionally exercised jurisdiction
    (May 20, 1980, p. 11862).

    [[Page 474]]

    ``preservation of the Government credit'' (IV, 4023). The Committee has
    jurisdiction over bills providing tax incentives for persons investing
    in Indian property (Feb. 1, 1964, p. 1582), providing unemployment
    compensation to individuals with military or Federal service (Apr. 28,
    1976, p. 11590), providing extended and increased unemployment
    compensation (Apr. 16, 1975, p. 10346), and over private bills waiving
    provisions of the Tariff Act to require reliquidation of certain
    imported materials as duty-free (July 13, 1982, p. 16014). The Committee
    on Transportation and Infrastructure, and not this committee, has
    jurisdiction over a bill to designate a customs administrative building
    (Dec. 12, 1995, p. 36165). The Committee on the Budget, and not this
    committee, has jurisdiction over a bill establishing a rule of
    sequestration under the Balanced Budget and Emergency Deficit Control
    Act (Dec. 15, 2000, p. 27085). The Committee on the Budget has primary
    jurisdiction, and this committee has additional jurisdiction, over a
    bill taking Social Security trust funds off budget (Dec. 15, 2000, p.
    27085).
      The Committee has jurisdiction over subjects relating to the Treasury
    of the United States and the deposit of the public moneys (IV, 4028),
    but it failed to make good a claim to the subjects of ``national
    finances'' and

      The Committee has exercised jurisdiction, with the Committee on Energy
    and Commerce, over executive communications reporting on inpatient
    hospital services under title XVIII (medicare) and under title XIX
    (medicaid) of the Social Security Act (Dec. 21, 1982, p. 33261); with
    the Committee on Public Works and Transportation (now Transportation and
    Infrastructure) over executive communications proposing draft
    legislation reauthorizing the Surface Transportation Act but also
    containing a revenue title raising taxes to fund surface transportation
    programs (Mar. 20, 1986, p. 5804); with the former Committee on Merchant
    Marine and Fisheries (succeeded by the Committee on Resources) over a
    bill amending the Fishermen's Protective Act to authorize the President
    to prohibit the importation of any product from a country violating an
    international fishery conservation program (Mar. 21, 1989, p. 5077); and
    with three other committees over a bill imposing certain international
    economic sanctions including tariffs (May 27, 1992, p. 12658).

    General oversight responsibilities
      The Committee in the earlier practice reported resolutions
    distributing the President's annual message (IV, 4030), but since the
    first session of the 64th Congress this practice has been discontinued
    (VIII, 3350).

    742. General oversight.

      2. (a)  The various standing
    committees shall have general oversight responsibilities as provided in
    paragraph (b) in order to assist the House in--

    [[Page 475]]

          (1) its analysis, appraisal, and evaluation of--

              (A) the application, administration, execution, and
    effectiveness of Federal laws; and

              (B) conditions and circumstances that may indicate the
    necessity or desirability of enacting new or additional legislation; and

          (2) its formulation, consideration, and enactment of changes in
    Federal laws, and of such additional legislation as may be necessary or
    appropriate.

      (b)(1) In order to determine whether laws and programs addressing
    subjects within the jurisdiction of a committee are being implemented
    and carried out in accordance with the intent of Congress and whether
    they should be continued, curtailed, or eliminated, each standing
    committee (other than the Committee on Appropriations) shall review and
    study on a continuing basis--

          (A) the application, administration, execution, and effectiveness
    of laws and programs addressing subjects within its jurisdiction;

          (B) the organization and operation of Federal agencies and
    entities having responsibilities for the administration and execution of
    laws and programs addressing subjects within its jurisdiction;

    [[Page 476]]

          (C) any conditions or circumstances that may indicate the
    necessity or desirability of enacting new or additional legislation
    addressing subjects within its jurisdiction (whether or not a bill or
    resolution has been introduced with respect thereto); and

          (D) future research and forecasting on subjects within its
    jurisdiction.

    Sec. 743. Oversight subcommittees.

      (2)  Each committee to
    which subparagraph (1) applies having more than 20 members shall
    establish an oversight subcommittee, or require its subcommittees to
    conduct oversight in their respective jurisdictions, to assist in
    carrying out its responsibilities under this clause. The establishment
    of an oversight subcommittee does not limit the responsibility of a
    subcommittee with legislative jurisdiction in carrying out its oversight
    responsibilities.

      (c) Each standing committee shall review and study on a continuing
    basis the impact or probable impact of tax policies affecting subjects
    within its jurisdiction as described in clauses 1 and 3.

      (d)(1) Not later than February 15 of the first session of a Congress,
    each standing committee shall, in a meeting that is open to the public
    and with a quorum present, adopt its oversight plan for that Congress.
    Such plan shall be submitted simultaneously to the Committee on
    Government Reform and to the Committee on House Administration. In
    developing its plan each committee shall, to the maximum extent
    feasible--

    [[Page 477]]

    nation of steps that have been or will be taken to ensure such
    coordination and cooperation;
          (A) consult with other committees that have jurisdiction over the
    same or related laws, programs, or agencies within its jurisdiction with
    the objective of ensuring maximum coordination and cooperation among
    committees when conducting reviews of such laws, programs, or agencies
    and include in its plan an expla

          (B) review specific problems with Federal rules, regulations,
    statutes, and court decisions that are ambiguous, arbitrary, or
    nonsensical, or that impose severe financial burdens on individuals;

          (C) give priority consideration to including in its plan the
    review of those laws, programs, or agencies operating under permanent
    budget authority or permanent statutory authority;

          (D) have a view toward ensuring that all significant laws,
    programs, or agencies within its jurisdiction are subject to review
    every 10 years; and

          (E) have a view toward insuring against duplication of Federal
    programs.

      (2) Not later than March 31 in the first session of a Congress, after
    consultation with the Speaker, the Majority Leader, and the Minority
    Leader, the Committee on Government Reform shall report to the House the
    oversight plans submitted by committees together with any
    recommendations that it, or the House leadership group described above,
    may make to ensure the most effective coordination of oversight plans
    and otherwise to achieve the objectives of this clause.

    [[Page 478]]

      (e) The Speaker, with the approval of the House, may appoint special
    ad hoc oversight committees for the purpose of reviewing specific
    matters within the jurisdiction of two or more standing committees.

    Special oversight functions
      Clause 2(a), and the first requirement of clause 2(b)(1) that each
    standing committee shall review the application, etc. of all laws within
    its jurisdiction, was originally contained in section 118(b) of the
    Legislative Reorganization Act of 1970 (84 Stat. 1140) and was made part
    of the standing rules on January 22, 1971 (H. Res. 5, p. 144). Effective
    January 3, 1975, general oversight responsibilities set forth in the
    remainder of the clause were incorporated into the rule (H. Res. 988,
    93d Cong., Oct. 8, 1974, p. 34470). On January 14, 1975, the size of
    those standing committees required by clause 2(b)(2) (formerly clause
    2(b)(1)) to establish an oversight subcommittee or to require its
    subcommittees to conduct oversight was increased from 15 to more than 20
    (H. Res. 5, 94th Cong., p. 20). In the 100th Congress the requirement
    that representatives from the Committee on Government Operations (now
    Government Reform) meet with other committees at the beginning of each
    Congress to discuss oversight plans and that that Committee report to
    the House its oversight coordination recommendations within 60 days
    after convening of the first session was deleted (H. Res. 5, Jan. 6,
    1987, p. 6). The 104th Congress added the requirement that each standing
    committee adopt by February 15 of the first session of a Congress its
    oversight plans for that Congress, such plans to be submitted to the
    Committees on Government Reform and Oversight (now Government Reform)
    and House Oversight (now House Administration). The Committee on
    Government Reform is required to report such plans to the House by March
    31, with recommendations to ensure coordination among committees. The
    104th Congress also added paragraph (e) to authorize the Speaker to
    appoint special ad hoc oversight committees to review matters within the
    jurisdiction of more than one standing committee (sec. 203(a), H. Res.
    6, Jan. 4, 1995, p. 467). The 106th Congress deleted a provision added
    in the 104th Congress making consideration of resolutions funding each
    committee contingent on submission of its oversight plans to the
    committees specified; deleted the exception for the Budget Committee
    from the general oversight responsibilities listed in clause 2(b);
    effected clerical corrections to conform references to a renamed
    committee; and effected clerical and stylistic changes when the House
    recodified its rules (H. Res. 5, Jan. 6, 1999, p. 47). Clause 2(d)(1)(B)
    was added in the 107th Congress (sec. 2(e), H. Res. 5, Jan. 3, 2001, p.
    25). Clause 2(d)(1)(E) was added in the 109th Congress (sec. 2(b), H.
    Res. 5, Jan. 4, 2005, p. ----).

    [[Page 479]]

    of the stock of which is owned by the United States) as it considers
    necessary to assist it in the determination of matters within its
    jurisdiction.

    744. Special oversight.

      3.  (a) The Committee on
    Appropriations shall conduct such studies and examinations of the
    organization and operation of executive departments and other executive
    agencies (including an agency the majority

      (b) The Committee on the Budget shall study on a continuing basis the
    effect on budget outlays of relevant existing and proposed legislation
    and report the results of such studies to the House on a recurring
    basis.

      (c) The Committee on Energy and Commerce shall review and study on a
    continuing basis laws, programs, and Government activities relating to
    nuclear and other energy and nonmilitary nuclear energy research and
    development including the disposal of nuclear waste.

      (d) The Committee on Education and the Workforce shall review, study,
    and coordinate on a continuing basis laws, programs, and Government
    activities relating to domestic educational programs and institutions
    and programs of student assistance within the jurisdiction of other
    committees.

      (e) The Committee on Government Reform shall review and study on a
    continuing basis the operation of Government activities at all levels
    with a view to determining their economy and efficiency.

    [[Page 480]]

      (f) The Committee on Homeland Security shall review and study on a
    continuing basis all Government activities relating to homeland
    security, including the interaction of all departments and agencies with
    the Department of Homeland Security.

      (g) The Committee on International Relations shall review and study on
    a continuing basis laws, programs, and Government activities relating to
    customs administration, intelligence activities relating to foreign
    policy, international financial and monetary organizations, and
    international fishing agreements.

      (h) The Committee on Armed Services shall review and study on a
    continuing basis laws, programs, and Government activities relating to
    international arms control and disarmament and the education of military
    dependents in schools.

      (i) The Committee on Resources shall review and study on a continuing
    basis laws, programs, and Government activities relating to Native
    Americans.

      (j) The Committee on Rules shall review and study on a continuing
    basis the congressional budget process, and the committee shall report
    its findings and recommendations to the House from time to time.

      (k) The Committee on Science shall review and study on a continuing
    basis laws, programs, and Government activities relating to nonmilitary
    research and development.

      (l) The Committee on Small Business shall study and investigate on a
    continuing basis the problems of all types of small business.

    [[Page 481]]

    on an exclusive basis the sources and methods of entities described in
    clause 11(b)(1)(A).

      (m) The Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence shall review and
    study on a continuing basis laws, programs, and activities of the
    intelligence community and shall review and study

      The oversight authority conferred on the Committee on Appropriations
    in paragraph (a) (formerly clause 2(b)(3)) was first given that
    committee on February 11, 1943 (p. 884), continued by resolution of
    January 9, 1945 (p. 135), and incorporated into permanent law in section
    202(b) of the Legislative Reorganization Act of 1946, and made a part of
    the standing rules on January 3, 1953 (pp. 17, 24). The special
    oversight responsibilities of the Committee on the Budget set forth in
    paragraph (b) were made part of the rules effective July 12, 1974 by
    section 101(c) of the Congressional Budget Act of 1974 (88 Stat. 300).
    Paragraph (c) (formerly paragraph (h)) was added on January 4, 1977,
    upon the abolition of the legislative jurisdiction in the House of the
    Joint Committee on Atomic Energy (H. Res. 5, 95th Cong., pp. 53-70). The
    special oversight responsibilities of the Committee on Energy and
    Commerce over nuclear energy to all energy programs became effective
    January 3, 1981 (H. Res. 549, Mar. 25, 1980, pp. 6405-10). The oversight
    authority conferred on the Committee on Government Operations (now
    Government Reform) in paragraph (e) (formerly clause 2(b)(2)) was first
    made effective as part of the Legislative Reorganization Act of 1946 (60
    Stat. 812). In the 104th Congress conforming amendments to the special
    oversight functions of the Committees on Resources and Energy and
    Commerce were adopted to reflect the transfer of jurisdiction over
    nonmilitary nuclear energy from the Committee on Resources to the
    Committee on Commerce Energy and Commerce (H. Res. 254, Nov. 30, 1995,
    p. 35077). Paragraph (j) was added by section 226 of the Balanced Budget
    and Emergency Deficit Control Act of 1985 (P.L. 99-177). The remainder
    of the clause became effective January 3, 1975 (H. Res. 988, 93d Cong.,
    Oct. 8, 1974, p. 34470). This clause has been amended several times to
    conform references to renamed committees (H. Res. 89, Feb. 5, 1979, p.
    1848; H. Res. 549, Mar. 25, 1980, pp. 6405-10; H. Res. 5, Jan. 5, 1993,
    p. 49; sec. 202(b), H. Res. 6, Jan. 4, 1995, p. 464; H. Res. 5, Jan. 7,
    1997, p. 121; H. Res. 5, Jan. 6, 1999, p. 47). Clerical and stylistic
    changes were effected when the House recodified its rules in the 106th
    Congress, including the transfer to this clause of oversight functions
    of the Committees on Government Reform and Appropriations found in
    clause 2 (H. Res. 5, Jan. 6, 1999, p. 47). The oversight authority of
    the Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence in paragraph (m) was
    added in the 107th Congress (sec. 2(f), H. Res. 5, Jan. 3, 2001, p. 25).
    The Committee on Homeland Security was established in the 109th Congress
    and given the oversight authority set forth in paragraph (f) (sec. 2(a),
    H. Res. 5, Jan. 4, 2005, p. ----).

    [[Page 482]]

    on House Administration and to be composed of members of the Committee
    on House Administration, one-half from the majority party and one-half
    from the minority party. The paragraph was rewritten in the 103d
    Congress to provide that the Speaker, the Majority and Minority Leaders,
    and the chairman and ranking minority member of the Committee on House
    Administration be informed of tie votes in that subcommittee (H. Res. 5,
    Jan. 5, 1993, p. 49), but the paragraph was deleted entirely in the
    104th Congress (sec. 201(d), H. Res. 6, Jan. 4, 1995, p. 463).

    Additional functions of committees
      Section 9 of the House Administrative Reform Resolution of 1992 (H.
    Res. 423, Apr. 9, 1992, p. 9040) added a paragraph in this clause
    creating a bipartisan Subcommittee on Administrative Oversight of the
    Committee on House Administration, to be chaired by the chairman of the
    Committee

    745. Committee on Appropriations; budget
    hearings.

      4.  (a)(1)(A) The Committee on Appropriations shall, within 30
    days after the transmittal of the Budget to Congress each year, hold
    hearings on the Budget as a whole with particular reference to--

          (i) the basic recommendations and budgetary policies of the
    President in the presentation of the Budget; and

          (ii) the fiscal, financial, and economic assumptions used as bases
    in arriving at total estimated expenditures and receipts.

      (B) In holding hearings under subdivision (A), the committee shall
    receive testimony from the Secretary of the Treasury, the Director of
    the Office of Management and Budget, the Chairman of the Council of
    Economic Advisers, and such other persons as the committee may desire.

    [[Page 483]]

    sequent day of hearing. A transcript of all such hearings shall be
    printed and a copy thereof furnished to each Member, Delegate, and the
    Resident Commissioner.

    Sec. 746. Procedure for budget hearings.

      (C)  A hearing under
    subdivision (A), or any part thereof, shall be held in open session,
    except when the committee, in open session and with a quorum present,
    determines by record vote that the testimony to be taken at that hearing
    on that day may be related to a matter of national security. The
    committee may by the same procedure close one sub

      (D) A hearing under subdivision (A), or any part thereof, may be held
    before a joint meeting of the committee and the Committee on
    Appropriations of the Senate in accordance with such procedures as the
    two committees jointly may determine.

    -  (2) <> Pursuant to section 401(b)(2) of the Congressional
    Budget Act of 1974, when a committee reports a bill or joint resolution
    that provides new entitlement authority as defined in section 3(9) of
    that Act, and enactment of the bill or joint resolution, as reported,
    would cause a breach of the committee's pertinent allocation of new
    budget authority under section 302(a) of that Act, the bill or joint
    resolution may be referred to the Committee on Appropriations with
    instructions to report it with recommendations (which may include an
    amendment limiting the total amount of new entitlement authority
    provided in the bill or joint resolution). If the Committee on
    Appropriations fails to report a bill or

    [[Page 484]]

    joint resolution so referred within 15 calendar days (not counting any
    day on which the House is not in session), the committee automatically
    shall be discharged from consideration of the bill or joint resolution,
    and the bill or joint resolution shall be placed on the appropriate
    calendar.
      This part of clause 4 was originally contained in section 242(c)(1) of
    the Legislative Reorganization Act of 1970 and was made part of the
    standing rules in the 92d Congress (H. Res. 5, Jan. 22, 1971, p. 144).
    Paragraph (a)(1)(C), requiring open hearings, was first adopted in the
    93d Congress (H. Res. 259, Mar. 7, 1973, pp. 6713-20) and was amended in
    the 94th Congress to limit the effect of a vote to close a hearing to
    that day and one subsequent day (H. Res. 5, Jan. 14, 1975, p. 20).
    Clerical and stylistic changes were effected when the House recodified
    its rules in the 106th Congress (H. Res. 5, Jan. 6, 1999, p. 47).

      (3) In addition, the Committee on Appropriations shall study on a
    continuing basis those provisions of law that (on the first day of the
    first fiscal year for which the congressional budget process is
    effective) provide spending authority or permanent budget authority and
    shall report to the House from time to time its recommendations for
    terminating or modifying such provisions.

      (4) In the manner provided by section 302 of the Congressional Budget
    Act of 1974, the Committee on Appropriations (after consulting with the
    Committee on Appropriations of the Senate) shall subdivide any
    allocations made to it in the joint explanatory statement accompanying
    the conference report on such concurrent resolution, and promptly report
    the subdivisions to the House as soon as practicable after a concurrent
    resolution on the budget for a fiscal year is agreed to.

    [[Page 485]]

    Act of 1974 in section 402(f), and was likewise incorporated into the
    rules effective January 3, 1975 (H. Res. 988, 93d Cong., Oct. 8, 1974,
    p. 34470). The requirements of subparagraph (4) (formerly paragraph (h))
    was originally contained in section 302(b) of the Congressional Budget
    Act of 1974 (P.L. 93-344, July 12, 1974) and was incorporated into this
    rule effective January 3, 1975 (H. Res. 988, 93d Cong., Oct. 8, 1974, p.
    34470). It was amended by the Budget Enforcement Act of 1990 (tit. XIII,
    P.L. 101-508) to conform to the enactment of title VI of the Budget Act.
    It was again amended by the Budget Enforcement Act of 1997 (sec. 10118,
    P.L. 105-33) to conform to the subsequent repeal of title VI. Clerical
    and stylistic changes were effected when the House recodified its rules
    in the 106th Congress, including the transfer of former paragraph (h) to
    this paragraph as new subparagraph (4) (H. Res. 5, Jan. 6, 1999, p. 47).

      Subparagraph (2) first became effective on July 12, 1974, by inclusion
    in section 401(b)(2) of the Congressional Budget Act of 1974 (88 Stat.
    317), was incorporated into the rules effective January 3, 1975 (H. Res.
    988, 93d Cong., Oct. 8, 1974, p. 34470), was amended in the 95th
    Congress to correct an error in cross-reference (H. Res. 5, Jan. 4,
    1977, pp. 53-70), and was again amended in the 105th Congress to reflect
    the repeal of the collective definition of ``new spending authority''
    and the revision of various remaining parts (Budget Enforcement Act of
    1997 (sec. 10116, P.L. 105-33). Subparagraph (3) was also contained in
    the Congressional Budget

      (b) The Committee on the Budget shall--

    Sec. 748. Budget.

          (1)  review on a continuing basis the
    conduct by the Congressional Budget Office of its functions and duties;

          (2) hold hearings and receive testimony from Members, Senators,
    Delegates, the Resident Commissioner, and such appropriate
    representatives of Federal departments and agencies, the general public,
    and national organizations as it considers desirable in developing
    concurrent resolutions on the budget for each fiscal year;

          (3) make all reports required of it by the Congressional Budget
    Act of 1974;

          (4) study on a continuing basis those provisions of law that
    exempt Federal agencies or any of their activities or outlays from
    inclusion in the Budget of the United States Government, and report to
    the House from time to time its recommendations for terminating or
    modifying such provisions;

    [[Page 486]]

    sional budget process, and report to the House from time to time the
    results of such studies, together with its recommendations; and
          (5) study on a continuing basis proposals designed to improve and
    facilitate the congres

          (6) request and evaluate continuing studies of tax expenditures,
    devise methods of coordinating tax expenditures, policies, and programs
    with direct budget outlays, and report the results of such studies to
    the House on a recurring basis.

      Paragraph (b)(1) became a part of the rules on July 12, 1974 by
    enactment of section 101(c) of the Congressional Budget Act of 1974 (88
    Stat. 300). Subparagraph (2), contained in section 301(d) of that Act,
    subparagraph (3), subparagraph (4), contained in section 606 of that
    Act, and subparagraph (5), contained in section 703 of that Act, all
    were made part of the rules effective January 3, 1975 (H. Res. 988, 93d
    Cong., Oct. 8, 1974, p. 34470). Paragraph (b)(2) was amended in the 99th
    Congress by section 232 of the Balanced Budget and Emergency Deficit
    Control Act of 1985 (P.L. 99-177) to remove reference to the first
    concurrent resolution on the budget. Before the House recodified its
    rules in the 106th Congress, subparagraph (6) was found in former clause
    1(d)(5)(C) of rule X (H. Res. 5, Jan. 6, 1999, p. 47).

    Sec. 749. Government Reform.

      (c)(1)  The Committee on
    Government Reform shall--

          (A) receive and examine reports of the Comptroller General of the
    United States and submit to the House such recommendations as it
    considers necessary or desirable in connection with the subject matter
    of the reports;

          (B) evaluate the effects of laws enacted to reorganize the
    legislative and executive branches of the Government; and

    [[Page 487]]

    and international organizations of which the United States is a member.
          (C) study intergovernmental relationships between the United
    States and the States and municipalities and between the United States

          (2) In addition to its duties under subparagraph (1), the
    Committee on Government Reform may at any time conduct investigations of
    any matter without regard to clause 1, 2, 3, or this clause conferring
    jurisdiction over the matter to another standing committee. The findings
    and recommendations of the committee in such an investigation shall be
    made available to any other standing committee having jurisdiction over
    the matter involved.

      Paragraph (c)(1) became effective January 2, 1947, as part of the
    Legislative Reorganization Act of 1946 (60 Stat. 812). Paragraph (c)(2)
    was made a function of the Committee on Government Operations (now
    Government Reform) effective January 3, 1975 (H. Res. 988, 93d Cong.,
    Oct. 8, 1974, p. 34470). Paragraph (c)(2) was amended in the 107th
    Congress to delete the requirement that committees include oversight
    findings and recommendations by the Committee on Government Reform in
    their reports as was required under the former clause 3(c)(4) of rule
    XIII (sec. 2(l), H. Res. 5, Jan. 3, 2001, p. 24). The Committee was
    renamed in the 104th and 106th Congresses (sec. 202(b), H. Res. 6, Jan.
    4, 1995, p. 464; H. Res. 5, Jan. 6, 1999, p. 47). Clerical and stylistic
    changes were effected when the House recodified its rules in the 106th
    Congress (H. Res. 5, Jan. 6, 1999, p. 47). Under section 2954 of title
    5, United States Code, an executive agency, if so requested by this
    committee or any seven members thereof, shall submit any information
    requested of it relating to any matter within the jurisdiction of the
    committee.

    Sec. 750. House Administration.

      (d)(1)  The Committee on
    House Administration shall--

    [[Page 488]]

    Sec. 752. Direction of officers.

      (A)  provide policy
    direction for the Inspector General and oversight of the Clerk,
    Sergeant-at-Arms, Chief Administrative Officer, and Inspector General;

    Sec. 753. Acceptance of gifts.

      (B)  have the function of
    accepting on behalf of the House a gift, except as otherwise provided by
    law, if the gift does not involve a duty, burden, or condition, or is
    not made dependent on some future performance by the House; and

      (C) promulgate regulations to carry out subdivision (B).

    Sec. 754. Approval of certain settlements.

      (2)  An employing
    office of the House may enter into a settlement of a complaint under the
    Congressional Accountability Act of 1995 that provides for the payment
    of funds only after receiving the joint approval of the chairman and
    ranking minority member of the Committee on House Administration
    concerning the amount of such payment.

    [[Page 489]]

    and a new paragraph (d)(2) was added to require approval by the
    committee for monetary settlements of certain employment claims (H. Res.
    5, Jan. 7, 1997, p. 121). The 104th Congress also prohibited the
    establishment or continuation of any legislative service organization
    (as that term had been understood in the 103d Congress) and directed the
    Committee on House Oversight (now House Administration) to take such
    steps as were necessary to ensure an orderly termination and accounting
    for funds of any legislative service organization in existence on
    January 3, 1995 (sec. 222, H. Res. 6, Jan. 4, 1995, p. 469). Clerical
    and stylistic changes were effected when the House recodified its rules
    in the 106th Congress (H. Res. 5, Jan. 6, 1999, p. 47). The 107th
    Congress transferred the committee's responsibilities with respect to
    enrolled bills (formerly paragraph (d)(1)(A)) to the Clerk (clause
    2(d)(2) of rule II) (sec. 2(b), H. Res. 5, Jan. 3, 2001, p. 25).

      The Committee's duty to arrange for memorial services of Members was
    eliminated from the rules effective January 3, 1975 (H. Res. 988, 93d
    Cong., Oct. 8, 1974, p. 34470). Former paragraph (d)(3) required the
    committee to provide a committee scheduling service, which was provided
    through House Information Resources and was made mandatory on all
    committees and subcommittees in the 97th Congress (H. Res. 5, Jan. 5,
    1981, pp. 98-113). The requirement was stricken altogether when two
    provisions were added by section 10 of the House Administrative Reform
    Resolution of 1992 (H. Res. 423, 102d Cong., Apr. 9, 1992, p. 9040) to
    ensure the orderly transfer of functions and entities from elected
    officers to the Director of Non-legislative and Financial Services and
    to provide for policy direction and oversight of certain administrative
    officials and elected officers. However, the 107th Congress amended
    clause 4(d)(1) of rule X to remove the requirement that the committee
    provide policy direction to such officials and officers except the
    Inspector General (sec. 2(g), H. Res. 5, Jan. 3, 2001, p. 24). In the
    104th Congress the rule was amended (1) to reflect the change in the
    name of the Committee on House Administration to the Committee on House
    Oversight and (2) to reflect the abolishment of the Director of Non-
    legislative and Financial Services (sec. 201, H. Res. 6, Jan. 4, 1995,
    p. 463). Later in the 104th Congress the provision for the acceptance of
    gifts was added as paragraph (d)(3) (H. Res. 250, Nov. 16, 1995, p.
    33434). In the 105th Congress paragraph (d) was redesignated as (d)(1),
    its former subparagraphs (1) through (3) were redesignated as (1)(A)
    through (1)(C),

    Sec. 755. Annual appropriations.

      (e)(1)  Each standing
    committee shall, in its consideration of all public bills and public
    joint resolutions within its jurisdiction, ensure that appropriations
    for continuing programs and activities of the Federal Government and the
    government of the District of Columbia will be made annually to the
    maximum extent feasible and consistent with the nature, requirement, and
    objective of the programs and activities involved. In this subparagraph
    programs and activities of the Federal Government and the government of
    the District of Columbia includes programs and activities of any
    department, agency, establishment, wholly owned Government corporation,
    or instrumentality of the Federal Government or of the government of the
    District of Columbia.

    [[Page 490]]

      (2) Each standing committee shall review from time to time each
    continuing program within its jurisdiction for which appropriations are
    not made annually to ascertain whether the program should be modified to
    provide for annual appropriations.

    Budget Act responsibilities
      The provisions of this paragraph derive from section 253(c) of the
    Legislative Reorganization Act of 1970 (84 Stat. 1140), and were made
    part of the rules in the 92d Congress (H. Res. 5, Jan. 22, 1971, p.
    144). Clerical and stylistic changes were effected when the House
    recodified its rules in the 106th Congress (H. Res. 5, Jan. 6, 1999, p.
    47).

    756. Concurrent resolution on Budget.

      (f)(1)  Each standing
    committee shall submit to the Committee on the Budget not later than six
    weeks after the President submits his budget, or at such time as the
    Committee on the Budget may request--

          (A) its views and estimates with respect to all matters to be set
    forth in the concurrent resolution on the budget for the ensuing fiscal
    year that are within its jurisdiction or functions; and

          (B) an estimate of the total amounts of new budget authority, and
    budget outlays resulting therefrom, to be provided or authorized in all
    bills and resolutions within its jurisdiction that it intends to be
    effective during that fiscal year.

      (2) The views and estimates submitted by the Committee on Ways and
    Means under subparagraph (1) shall include a specific recommendation,
    made after holding public hearings, as to the appropriate level of the
    public debt that should be set forth in the concurrent resolution on the
    budget.

    [[Page 491]]

    submitted to the Committee on the Budget was added in the 96th Congress
    by Public Law 96-78 (93 Stat. 589) and was originally intended to apply
    to concurrent resolutions on the budget for fiscal years beginning on or
    after October 1, 1980. However, in the 96th Congress the provisions of
    that public law amending the Rules of the House were made applicable to
    the third concurrent resolution on the budget for fiscal year 1980 as
    well as the first concurrent resolution on the budget for fiscal 1981
    (H. Res. 642, Apr. 23, 1980, pp. 8789-90). The deadline for submitting
    views and estimates to the Budget Committee has changed several times
    (Balanced Budget and Emergency Deficit Control Act of 1985, sec. 232(c),
    P.L. 99-177; Budget Enforcement Act of 1997, sec. 10104, P.L. 105-33; H.
    Res. 5, 106th Cong., Jan. 6, 1999, p. 47). A former paragraph directing
    standing committees to submit reconciliation recommendations to the
    Budget Committee was deleted in the 106th Congress (H. Res. 5, Jan. 6,
    1999, p. 47), but committees are still required to submit such
    recommendations under section 310 of the Congressional Budget Act of
    1974. Clerical and stylistic changes were effected when the House
    recodified its rules in the 106th Congress (H. Res. 5, Jan. 6, 1999, p.
    47). Paragraph (f)(2) was amended in the 107th Congress to reflect the
    repeal of former rule XXIII (``Statutory Limit on Public Debt'') (sec.
    2(s), H. Res. 5, Jan. 3, 2001, p. 24), which was reinstated in the 108th
    Congress as rule XXVII (sec. 2(t), H. Res. 5, Jan. 7, 2003, p. ----).

    Election and membership of standing committees
      The requirements of paragraph (f)(1) were originally contained in
    section 301(c) of the Congressional Budget Act of 1974 (P.L. 93-344,
    July 12, 1974), and was incorporated into this rule effective January 3,
    1975 (H. Res. 988, 93d Cong., Oct. 8, 1974, p. 34470). The requirement
    of paragraph (f)(2) that the Committee on Ways and Means include a
    specific recommendation as to the appropriate level of the public debt
    in its views and estimates

    757. Electing committees.

      5.  (a)(1) The standing committees
    specified in clause 1 shall be elected by the House within seven
    calendar days after the commencement of each Congress, from nominations
    submitted by the respective party caucus or conference. A resolution
    proposing to change the composition of a standing committee shall be
    privileged if offered by direction of the party caucus or conference
    concerned.

    [[Page 492]]

    1974, p. 34470)). That same resolution also eliminated the designations
    in the rules of the numbers of Members comprising the standing
    committees, thereby permitting the House to establish committee size by
    the numbers of Members elected to each committee pursuant to this
    paragraph. The role of the party caucuses in presenting privileged
    resolutions to the House electing Members to committees is discussed in
    detail in Deschler, ch. 17, Sec. 9. In the 99th Congress the requirement
    for early election of standing committees within the first seven
    calendar days and the conferral of privileged status on resolutions from
    the party caucuses to change the composition of standing committees were
    added by section 227 of the Balanced Budget and Emergency Deficit
    Control Act of 1985 (P.L. 99-177). Before the House recodified its rules
    in the 106th Congress, this provision was found in former clause 6 of
    rule X (H. Res. 5, Jan. 6, 1999, p. 47).

      The old rule entrusting the appointment of committees to the Speaker
    was adopted in 1789 and amended in 1790 and in 1860 (IV, 4448-4476).
    Committees are now elected on resolution offered from the floor (VIII,
    2171) and it is in order to move the previous question on each
    resolution (VIII, 2174). The resolution is not divisible (clause 5 of
    rule XVI), and is privileged (VIII, 2179) if offered by direction of the
    respective party caucus (a requirement that was made part of the rules
    effective January 3, 1975, by the Committee Reform Amendments of 1974
    (H. Res. 988, 93d Cong., Oct. 8,

    Sec. 758. Budget, composition of.

      (2)(A)  The Committee on
    the Budget shall be composed of members as follows:

          (i) Members, Delegates, or the Resident Commissioner who are
    members of other standing committees, including five from the Committee
    on Appropriations, five from the Committee on Ways and Means, and one
    from the Committee on Rules;

          (ii) one Member designated by the elected leadership of the
    majority party; and

          (iii) one Member designated by the elected leadership of the
    minority party.

      (B) Except as permitted by subdivision (C), a member of the Committee
    on the Budget other than one described in subdivision (A)(ii) or
    (A)(iii) may not serve on the committee during more than four Congresses
    in a period of six successive Congresses (disregarding for this purpose
    any service for less than a full session in a Congress).

    [[Page 493]]

    committee, tenure on the committee shall be limited only by paragraph
    (c)(2) of this clause.

      (C) In the case of a Member, Delegate, or Resident Commissioner
    elected to serve as the chairman or the ranking minority member of the

      This paragraph (formerly clause 1(d) of rule X) was amended in the
    96th Congress to relax the limitation on Members' service on the Budget
    Committee to three Congresses (from two) in any period of five
    successive Congresses, to exempt representatives from the party
    leaderships from the limitation, and to permit an incumbent chairman who
    had served on the committee for three Congresses and as chairman for not
    more than one Congress to be eligible for reelection as chairman for one
    additional Congress (H. Res. 5, Jan. 15, 1979, p. 8). It was again
    amended in the 100th Congress to eliminate as obsolete the words
    ``beginning after 1974'' following ``any period of five successive
    Congresses'' as a measure of permissible terms of service on the
    committee (H. Res. 5, Jan. 6, 1987, p. 6). It was further amended in the
    101st Congress to permit, in that Congress only, a minority Member who
    had served on the committee for three terms to run within his party's
    caucus for the position of ranking minority member and thus be able to
    serve on the committee for one additional Congress, and to permit a
    Member elected as ranking minority member during his third term on the
    committee to serve one additional term on the committee should he be
    reelected as the ranking minority member (H. Res. 5, Jan. 3, 1989, p.
    72). It was again amended in the 102d Congress to extend the waiver of
    the tenure restriction for the ranking minority member of the committee
    (H. Res. 5, Jan. 3, 1991, p. 39), but in the 103d Congress that
    provision was stricken as obsolete (H. Res. 5, Jan. 5, 1993, p. 49). In
    the 104th Congress the limitation on a Member's service on the committee
    was relaxed to four Congresses (from three) in any period of six
    successive Congresses, with the exception that a Member who has served
    as chairman or as ranking minority member during a fourth such Congress
    may serve in either capacity during a fifth, so long as he would not
    thereby exceed two consecutive terms as chairman or as ranking minority
    member (sec. 202(a), H. Res. 6, Jan. 4, 1995, p. 464). The tenure
    limitation of clause 5(a)(2)(B) was suspended during the 106th Congress
    (sec. 2(b), H. Res. 5, Jan. 6, 1999, p. 47). The special tenure
    limitation for the chairman and ranking minority member was replaced in
    the 108th Congress with a provision subjecting the chairman only to the
    overall tenure limitation that applies to all standing committee
    chairmen (sec. 2(e-1), H. Res. 5, Jan. 7, 2003, p. ----). In the 109th
    Congress subdivisions (A)(ii) and (A)(iii) were amended to address a
    member designated by the elected leadership as opposed to a member of
    the elected leadership of each party, and a conforming change was made
    to subdivision (B) (sec. 2(c), H. Res. 5, Jan. 4, 2005, p. ----).

    [[Page 494]]

    with 28 from other standing committees and two from the respective
    leaderships (H. Res. 5, Jan. 5, 1981, pp. 98-113), and again in the 98th
    Congress to 31 (unanimous-consent order, Feb. 7, 1983, p. 1791). The
    99th Congress amended this paragraph to remove any numerical limitation
    on the membership of the committee (H. Res. 7, Jan. 3, 1985, p. 393). In
    the 108th Congress the composition of the committee was changed to
    require inclusion of one member from the Committee on Rules (sec. 2(e),
    H. Res. 5, Jan. 7, 2003, p. ----).
      In the 94th Congress the membership of the committee was increased to
    25 (from 23), with 13 (rather than 11) members elected from committees
    other than Appropriations and Ways and Means (H. Res. 5, Jan. 14, 1975,
    p. 20). The membership was increased again in the 97th Congress to 30,

      Before the House recodified its rules in the 106th Congress, this
    provision was found in former clause 1(d) of rule X (H. Res. 5, Jan. 6,
    1999, p. 47).

    Sec. 759. Committee on Standards of Official
    Conduct.

      (3)(A)  The Committee on Standards of Official Conduct shall be
    composed of 10 members, five from the majority party and five from the
    minority party.

      (B) Except as permitted by subdivision (C), a member of the Committee
    on Standards of Official Conduct may not serve on the committee during
    more than three Congresses in a period of five successive Congresses
    (disregarding for this purpose any service for less than a full session
    in a Congress).

      (C) A member of the Committee on Standards of Official Conduct may
    serve on the committee during a fourth Congress in a period of five
    successive Congresses only as either the chairman or the ranking
    minority member of the committee.

    [[Page 495]]

    committees of that committee during that Congress. The lists of Members,
    Delegates, or the Resident Commissioner so named shall be announced to
    the House.
      (4)(A) At the beginning of a Congress, the Speaker or his designee and
    the Minority Leader or his designee each shall name 10 Members,
    Delegates, or the Resident Commissioner from his respective party who
    are not members of the Committee on Standards of Official Conduct to be
    available to serve on investigative sub

      (B) Whenever the chairman and the ranking minority member of the
    Committee on Standards of Official Conduct jointly determine that
    Members, Delegates, or the Resident Commissioner named under subdivision
    (A) should be assigned to serve on an investigative subcommittee of that
    committee, each of them shall select an equal number of such Members,
    Delegates, or Resident Commissioner from his respective party to serve
    on that subcommittee.

    [[Page 496]]

      Before the 93d Congress, the rule that established the size of the
    Committee on Standards of Official Conduct at 12 members also required
    that six members be elected from the majority and six from the minority
    party. Effective in the 93d Congress, the ratio of the committee was
    codified in the first sentence of subparagraph (3)(A) (formerly clause
    6(a)(2)) (H. Res. 988, Oct. 8, 1974, p. 34470). The Ethics Reform Act of
    1989 added a sentence to limit service on the committee (P.L. 101-194,
    Nov. 30, 1989), which was amended in the 105th and 106th Congresses
    (sec. 2, H. Res. 168, Sept. 18, 1997, p. 19336; H. Res. 5, Jan. 6, 1999,
    p. 47). A requirement that two members from each party rotate off the
    committee was adopted in the 105th Congress (sec. 2, H. Res. 168, Sept.
    18, 1997, p. 19336), but was deleted in the 106th Congress (H. Res. 5,
    Jan. 6, 1999, p. 47). Subparagraph (4) (formerly clause 6(a)(3)) was
    adopted in the 105th Congress (sec. 1, H. Res. 168, Sept. 18, 1997, p.
    19335). Before the House recodified its rules in the 106th Congress,
    this provision was found in former clause 6(a) of rule X (H. Res. 5,
    Jan. 6, 1999, p. 47). The 106th Congress also formally reduced the size
    of the committee to 10 members, which was the de facto size of the
    committee in the 105th Congress even though the Ethics Reform Act of
    1989 required each party caucus to nominate seven Members (sec. 803(b),
    P.L. 101-194, Nov. 30, 1989; H. Res. 5, Jan. 6, 1999, p. 47).

    Sec. 760. Party membership as basis for election.

      (b)(1) Membership on a standing committee during the course of
    a  Congress
    shall be contingent on continuing membership in the party caucus or
    conference that nominated the Member, Delegate, or Resident Commissioner
    concerned for election to such committee. Should a Member, Delegate, or
    Resident Commissioner cease to be a member of a particular party caucus
    or conference, that Member, Delegate, or Resident Commissioner shall
    automatically cease to be a member of each standing committee to which
    he was elected on the basis of nomination by that caucus or conference.
    The chairman of the relevant party caucus or conference shall notify the
    Speaker whenever a Member, Delegate, or Resident Commissioner ceases to
    be a member of that caucus or conference. The Speaker shall notify the
    chairman of each affected committee that the election of such Member,
    Delegate, or Resident Commissioner to the committee is automatically
    vacated under this subparagraph.

      (2)(A) Except as specified in subdivision (B), a Member, Delegate, or
    Resident Commissioner may not serve simultaneously as a member of more
    than two standing committees or more than four subcommittees of the
    standing committees.

    [[Page 497]]

      (B)(i) Ex officio service by a chairman or ranking minority member of
    a committee on each of its subcommittees under a committee rule does not
    count against the limitation on subcommittee service.

      (ii) Service on an investigative subcommittee of the Committee on
    Standards of Official Conduct under paragraph (a)(4) does not count
    against the limitation on subcommittee service.

      (iii) Any other exception to the limitations in subdivision (A) may be
    approved by the House on the recommendation of the relevant party caucus
    or conference.

      (C) In this subparagraph the term ``subcommittee'' includes a panel
    (other than a special oversight panel of the Committee on Armed
    Services), task force, special subcommittee, or other subunit of a
    standing committee that is established for a cumulative period longer
    than six months in a Congress.

      The requirement that membership on standing committees be contingent
    on continuing membership in a party caucus or conference, along with the
    mechanism for the automatic vacating of a Member's election to committee
    should his party relationship cease, was added to the rules in the 98th
    Congress (H. Res. 5, Jan. 3, 1983, p. 34). The limitation on full
    committee and subcommittee assignments was added in the 104th Congress
    (sec. 204, H. Res. 6, Jan. 4, 1995, p. 467; see H. Res. 11, Jan. 4,
    1995, p. 549). The exception for special service on an investigative
    subcommittee of the Committee on Standards of Official Conduct from the
    limitation on subcommittee service was added in the 105th Congress (sec.
    1, H. Res. 168, Sept. 18, 1997, p. 19335). A technical correction was
    effected in the 106th Congress to conform references to a renamed
    committee (H. Res. 5, Jan. 6, 1999, p. 47). A technical correction to
    paragraph (b)(2)(B)(iii) was effected in the 109th Congress (sec. 2(l),
    H. Res. 5, Jan. 4, 2005, p. ----).

    [[Page 498]]

    is, for the minority party to handle committee assignments for third-
    party Members (VIII, 2184-2185; H. Res. 11, Jan. 4, 1995, p. 549).
    During the 102d and 103d Congresses, the majority leadership took that
    responsibility by separate resolution for one Member who had joined
    neither major party caucus (see H. Res. 45, Jan. 24, 1991, p. 2171);
    and, beginning with the 104th Congress, when control of the House
    shifted, the minority leadership has retained responsibility for the
    committee assignments of that Member.

      The Speaker lays before the House communications relative to the
    removal of a Member from committee pursuant to this clause (see, e.g.,
    Sept. 11, 1984, p. 24790; Feb. 22, 1989, p. 2500; May 10, 1995, p.
    12396; July 19, 1999, p. 16586; Feb. 1, 2000, p. 401; Sept. 13, 2000, p.
    17832). The Speaker also lays before the House a communication from a
    Member announcing a change in his party affiliation (Sept. 13, 2000, p.
    17832). On one occasion there was a delay in laying the latter
    communication before the House, and the House by unanimous consent
    retroactively changed informational voting records from the date on the
    communication (Sept. 13, 2000, p. 17832). The earlier practice was, and
    the most recent practice

    Sec. 761. Committee chairmen.

      (c)(1)  One of the members of
    each standing committee shall be elected by the House, on the nomination
    of the majority party caucus or conference, as chairman thereof. In the
    temporary absence of the chairman, the member next in rank (and so on,
    as often as the case shall happen) shall act as chairman. Rank shall be
    determined by the order members are named in resolutions electing them
    to the committee. In the case of a permanent vacancy in the elected
    chairmanship of a committee, the House shall elect another chairman.

      (2) Except in the case of the Committee on Rules, a member of a
    standing committee may not serve as chairman of the same standing
    committee, or of the same subcommittee of a standing committee, during
    more than three consecutive Congresses (disregarding for this purpose
    any service for less than a full session in a Congress).

    [[Page 499]]

    Before the House recodified its rules in the 106th Congress, this
    provision was found in former clause 6(c) of rule X (H. Res. 5, Jan. 6,
    1999, p. 47).
      The requirement that nominations for chairmen be submitted by the
    majority party caucus was made part of the rules effective January 3,
    1975 (H. Res. 988, 93d Cong., Oct. 8, 1974, p. 34470). The sentence
    addressing temporary and permanent vacancies in chairmanships was first
    adopted on April 5, 1911 (VIII, 2201), and was continued in the
    Legislative Reorganization Act of 1946 (60 Stat. 812). The 104th
    Congress adopted a limitation on terms for committee and subcommittee
    chairmen (sec. 103(b), H. Res. 6, Jan. 4, 1995, p. 462), and the 109th
    Congress excepted the Committee on Rules from that limitation (sec.
    2(c), H. Res. 5, Jan. 4, 2005, p. ----).

      In the 102d Congress a resolution included as a matter properly
    incidental to its election of the chairman of a standing committee a
    proviso that his powers and duties be exercised by the vice chairman
    until otherwise ordered by the House (H. Res. 43, Jan. 24, 1991, p.
    2169; Feb. 6, 1991, p. 3198). In the 103d Congress a privileged
    resolution, offered at the direction of the Democratic Caucus,
    authorized a named acting chairman to exercise the powers and duties of
    a chairman of a standing committee until otherwise ordered by the House
    (H. Res. 396, Mar. 23, 1994, p. 6093).

    Sec. 762. Requirement for subcommittees.

      (d)(1)  Except as
    permitted by subparagraph (2), a committee may have not more than five
    subcommittees.

      (2) A committee that maintains a subcommittee on oversight may have
    not more than six subcommittees. The Committee on Appropriations may
    have not more than 13 subcommittees. The Committee on Government Reform
    may have not more than seven subcommittees.

      This paragraph was adopted in the 104th Congress (sec. 101(b), H. Res.
    6, Jan. 4, 1995, p. 462), replacing a requirement that all standing
    committees having more than 20 members (except the Committee on the
    Budget) establish at least four subcommittees (H. Res. 5, Jan. 14, 1975,
    p. 20). In the 106th Congress the paragraph was amended to delete the
    Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure from the list of
    exceptions to the general rule and to add a new exception for committees
    that maintain a subcommittee on oversight (H. Res. 5, Jan. 6, 1999, p.
    47). Before the House recodified its rules in the 106th Congress, this
    provision was found in former clause 6(d) of rule X (H. Res. 5, Jan. 6,
    1999, p. 47).

    [[Page 500]]

    and the Committee on Armed Services was permitted to have not more than
    six during the 108th and 109th Congresses (sec. 3(b), H. Res. 5, Jan. 7,
    2003, p. ----; sec. 3(b), H. Res. 5, Jan. 4, 2005, p. ----). In the
    108th Congress the Committee on Appropriations reorganized its
    subcommittees to reflect the creation of the new Department on Homeland
    Security (P.L 107-296) by creating a new subcommittee on Homeland
    Security and combining the subcommittees on Transportation and Treasury,
    Postal Service and General Government. In the 109th Congress the
    Committee on Appropriations again reorganized its subcommittees,
    reducing the number of subcommittees to 10. In each case, the
    committee's reorganization was in compliance with this clause.

      Notwithstanding clause 5(d), the Committee on Government Reform was
    permitted to have not more than eight subcommittees during the 106th and
    107th Congresses (sec. 2(d), H. Res. 5, Jan. 6, 1999, p. 47; sec. 3(c),
    H. Res. 5, Jan. 3, 2001, p. 26); the Committee on International
    Relations was permitted to have not more than six during the 107th and
    108th Congresses and not more than seven during the 109th Congress (sec.
    3(c), H. Res. 5, Jan. 3, 2001, p. 26; sec. 3(b), H. Res. 5, Jan. 7,
    2003, p. ----; sec. 3(b), H. Res. 5, Jan. 4, 2005, p. ----);
    Transportation and Infrastructure was permitted to have not more than
    six during the 107th, 108th, and 109th Congresses (sec. 3(c), H. Res. 5,
    Jan. 3, 2001, p. 26; sec. 3(b), H. Res. 5, Jan. 7, 2003, p. ----; sec.
    3(b), H. Res. 5, Jan. 4, 2005, p. ----);

      (e) The House shall fill a vacancy on a standing committee by election
    on the nomination of the respective party caucus or conference.

      This paragraph was first adopted in the 62d Congress (VIII, 2178). At
    the beginning of the 80th Congress it was amended to prevent a Member
    from serving on more than one standing committee, except that Members
    elected to serve on the Committees on District of Columbia or Un-
    American Activities (renamed the Committee on Internal Security and
    jurisdiction redefined on Feb. 19, 1969, p. 3723) could be elected to
    serve on not more than two standing committees, and that Members of the
    majority party, serving on the Committee on Expenditures in the
    Executive Departments (changed to Committee on Government Operations
    July 3, 1952, p. 9217) or House Administration could be elected to serve
    on not more than two standing committees. This limitation was continued
    through the 80th, 81st, and part of the 82d Congresses until July 3,
    1952 (p. 9217) when it was modified so that Members elected to serve on
    the Committees on the District of Columbia, Government Operations, Un-
    American Activities, or House Administration could be elected to serve
    on not more than two standing committees. It was restored to its
    original form by amendment on January 13, 1953 (p. 368) so that there
    was no limitation in House rules on the number of committees to which a
    Member may be elected until the 104th Congress added paragraph (b)(2)
    (see Sec. 760, supra). Party caucuses or conferences have also placed
    restrictions on committee assignments. The role of the respective party
    caucus or conference in making nominations to fill vacancies in standing
    committees was made part of the rule in the 98th Congress (H. Res. 5,
    Jan. 3, 1983, p. 34). Before the House recodified its rules in the 106th
    Congress, this provision was found in former clause 6(e) of rule X (H.
    Res. 5, Jan. 6, 1999, p. 47).

    [[Page 501]]

    mittee (H. Res. 43, Jan. 24, 1991, p. 2169) with a Member subsequently
    designated by his party caucus as ``temporary'' (in order to avoid
    caucus limitations on committee assignments) (Feb. 5, 1991, p. 2814).

    Expense resolutions
      Form of resolution electing a Member to a committee and fixing his
    rank thereon (Jan. 23, 1947, p. 536; H. Res. 157, May 25, 1995, p.
    14424). The House by unanimous consent fixed the relative rank of two
    Members on a committee where an error had been made on the original
    appointment (Jan. 20, 1947, p. 481). The House has filled a vacancy on a
    standing com

    763. Primary expense resolution.

      6.  (a) Whenever a
    committee, commission, or other entity (other than the Committee on
    Appropriations) is granted authorization for the payment of its expenses
    (including staff salaries) for a Congress, such authorization initially
    shall be procured by one primary expense resolution reported by the
    Committee on House Administration. A primary expense resolution may
    include a reserve fund for unanticipated expenses of committees. An
    amount from such a reserve fund may be allocated to a committee only by
    the approval of the Committee on House Administration. A primary expense
    resolution reported to <> the House
    may not be considered in the House unless a printed report thereon was
    available on the previous calendar day. For the information of the
    House, such report shall--

          (1) state the total amount of the funds to be provided to the
    committee, commission, or other entity under the primary expense
    resolution for all anticipated activities and programs of the committee,
    commission, or other entity; and

    [[Page 502]]

    appropriate to provide the House with basic estimates of the
    expenditures contemplated by the primary expense resolution.
          (2) to the extent practicable, contain such general statements
    regarding the estimated foreseeable expenditures for the respective
    anticipated activities and programs of the committee, commission, or
    other entity as may be

    Sec. 765.
    Additional expense resolution.

      (b) After the date of adoption by the House  of a primary expense resolution for a
    committee, commission, or other entity for a Congress, authorization for
    the payment of additional expenses (including staff salaries) in that
    Congress may be procured by one or more supplemental expense resolutions
    reported by the Committee on House Administration, as necessary. A
    supplemental expense resolution reported to the House may not be
    considered in the House unless a printed report thereon was available on
    the previous calendar day. For the information of the House, such report
    shall--

          (1) state the total amount of additional funds to be provided to
    the committee, commission, or other entity under the supplemental
    expense resolution and the purposes for which those additional funds are
    available; and

          (2) state the reasons for the failure to procure the additional
    funds for the committee, commission, or other entity by means of the
    primary expense resolution.

      (c) The preceding provisions of this clause do not apply to--

    [[Page 503]]

    tion for staff services performed for, or to pay other expenses of, a
    committee, commission, or other entity at any time after the beginning
    of an odd-numbered year and before the date of adoption by the House of
    the primary expense resolution described in paragraph (a) for that year;
    or

    Sec. 766. Exception for certain initial
    funding.

          (1) a  resolution providing for the payment from committee salary
    and expense accounts of the House of sums necessary to pay compensa

          (2) a resolution providing each of the standing committees in a
    Congress additional office equipment, airmail and special-delivery
    postage stamps, supplies, staff personnel, or any other specific item
    for the operation of the standing committees, and containing an
    authorization for the payment from committee salary and expense accounts
    of the House of the expenses of any of the foregoing items provided by
    that resolution, subject to and until enactment of the provisions of the
    resolution as permanent law.

    [[Page 504]]

    this provision was found in former clause 5 of rule XI (H. Res. 5, Jan.
    6, 1999, p. 47).
      Paragraphs (a)-(c) of this clause were contained originally in section
    110(b) of the Legislative Reorganization Act of 1970 (84 Stat. 1140) and
    were added to the rules in the 92d Congress (H. Res. 5, Jan. 22, 1971,
    p. 144). Effective January 3, 1975 (H. Res. 988, 93d Cong., Oct. 8,
    1974, p. 34470), the authority of all committees to incur expenses,
    including travel expenses, was made contingent upon adoption by the
    House of resolutions reported pursuant to this clause (clause 1(b) of
    rule XI). The clause was amended in the 95th Congress (H. Res. 5, Jan.
    4, 1977, pp. 53-70) to extend its applicability to all committees,
    commissions, and entities rather than just to standing committees.
    Paragraphs (a)-(c) were amended in the 104th Congress to institute
    biennial funding of committee expenses and to require that all committee
    staff salaries and expenses (including statutory staff) be authorized by
    expense resolution (sec. 101(c), H. Res. 6, Jan. 4, 1995, p. 462). In
    the 105th Congress paragraph (a) was amended to permit a primary expense
    resolution to include a reserve fund for unanticipated expenses of
    committees (H. Res. 5, Jan. 7, 1997, p. 121). A technical correction to
    paragraphs (a) and (b) was effected in the 106th Congress to conform
    references to a renamed committee (H. Res. 5, Jan. 6, 1999, p. 47).
    Before the House recodified its rules in the 106th Congress,

      The Committee on Appropriations is not covered by this clause, but is
    reimbursed by funds in appropriation acts for expenses of examinations
    of estimates of appropriations in the field (31 U.S.C. 22a). An
    exemption from this clause for the Committee on the Budget was effective
    from the enactment of the Congressional Budget Act of 1974 through the
    103d Congress.

      Based on the exception stated in paragraph (c), a resolution
    establishing a task force of members of a standing committee and
    providing for the payment of its expenses from the contingent fund of
    the House (now referred to as ``applicable accounts of the House
    described in clause 1(j)(1) of rule X'') was held not to be subject to a
    point of order under clause 5(a) for lack of report language detailing
    the funding provided, since the resolution was called up at the
    beginning of the session before consideration of a primary expense
    resolution for all committees for that calendar year (Feb. 5, 1992, p.
    1621).

    Sec. 767. Funds for committee staffs; expense
    resolutions.

      (d)  From the funds made available for the appointment of
    committee staff by a primary or additional expense resolution, the
    chairman of each committee shall ensure that sufficient staff is made
    available to each subcommittee to carry out its responsibilities under
    the rules of the committee and that the minority party is treated fairly
    in the appointment of such staff.

    [[Page 505]]

      Paragraph (d) was adopted in the 104th Congress (sec. 101(c)(4), H.
    Res. 6, Jan. 4, 1995, p. 462). A preceding form of the paragraph, first
    adopted in the 94th Congress, authorized the chairman and ranking
    minority member of a subcommittee each to appoint one staff member to
    the subcommittee (H. Res. 5, Jan. 14, 1975, p. 20). As adopted in the
    93d Congress to take effect on the first day of the 94th Congress, the
    paragraph had required that each standing committee, upon request of a
    majority of its minority members, devote one-third of its staffing funds
    to the needs of the minority (H. Res. 988, Oct. 8, 1974, p. 34470). As
    originally adopted in the 92d Congress, the paragraph had required that
    the minority be accorded fair consideration in the appointment of
    committee staff (H. Res. 5, Jan. 22, 1971, p. 144). Before the House
    recodified its rules in the 106th Congress, this provision was found in
    former clause 5(d) of rule X (H. Res. 5, Jan. 6, 1999, p. 47).

      (e) Funds authorized for a committee under this clause and clauses 7
    and 8 are for expenses incurred in the activities of the committee.

    Interim funding
      Before the House recodified its rules in the 106th Congress, this
    provision was found in former clause 2(n)(1) of rule XI (H. Res. 5, Jan.
    6, 1999, p. 47).

    768. Interim funding.

      7. (a)  For the period beginning at
    noon on January 3 and ending at midnight on March 31 in each odd-
    numbered year, such sums as may be necessary shall be paid out of the
    committee salary and expense accounts of the House for continuance of
    necessary investigations and studies by--

          (1) each standing and select committee established by these rules;
    and

          (2) except as specified in paragraph (b), each select committee
    established by resolution.

      (b) In the case of the first session of a Congress, amounts shall be
    made available for a select committee established by resolution in the
    preceding Congress only if--

          (1) a resolution proposing to reestablish such select committee is
    introduced in the present Congress; and

          (2) the House has not adopted a resolution of the preceding
    Congress providing for termination of funding for investigations and
    studies by such select committee.

    [[Page 506]]

    the Committee on House Administration) of the total annualized amount
    made available under expense resolutions for such committee in the
    preceding session of Congress.
      (c) Each committee described in paragraph (a) shall be entitled for
    each month during the period specified in paragraph (a) to 9 percent (or
    such lesser percentage as may be determined by

      (d) Payments under this clause shall be made on vouchers authorized by
    the committee involved, signed by the chairman of the committee, except
    as provided in paragraph (e), and approved by the Committee on House
    Administration.

      (e) Notwithstanding any provision of law, rule of the House, or other
    authority, from noon on January 3 of the first session of a Congress
    until the election by the House of the committee concerned in that
    Congress, payments under this clause shall be made on vouchers signed
    by--

          (1) the member of the committee who served as chairman of the
    committee at the expiration of the preceding Congress; or

          (2) if the chairman is not a Member, Delegate, or Resident
    Commissioner in the present Congress, then the ranking member of the
    committee as it was constituted at the expiration of the preceding
    Congress who is a member of the majority party in the present Congress.

      (f)(1) The authority of a committee to incur expenses under this
    clause shall expire upon adoption by the House of a primary expense
    resolution for the committee.

    [[Page 507]]

    prescribed by the Committee on House Administration.
      (2) Amounts made available under this clause shall be expended in
    accordance with regulations

      (3) This clause shall be effective only insofar as it is not
    inconsistent with a resolution reported by the Committee on House
    Administration and adopted by the House after the adoption of these
    rules.

      This clause (formerly clause 5(f) of rule XI) was originally adopted
    in the 99th Congress to provide automatic interim funding for committees
    at the beginning of a Congress (H. Res. 7, Jan. 3, 1985, p. 393).
    Resolutions providing such interim funding had been routinely adopted at
    the convening of Congress before the adoption of this standing
    authority. In the 100th Congress, the provision was amended to make the
    automatic committee funding mechanism applicable to the first three
    months of the second session of a Congress, as well as the first
    session, and to authorize the Committee on House Administration to
    establish interim funding for any committee at a percentage lower than 9
    percent of the total annualized amount (H. Res. 5, Jan. 6, 1987, p. 6).
    In the 104th and 106th Congresses technical corrections were effected to
    conform references to a renamed committee (sec. 202(b), H. Res. 6, Jan.
    4, 1995, p. 464; H. Res. 5, Jan. 6, 1999, p. 47). Before the House
    recodified its rules in the 106th Congress, this provision was found in
    former clause 5(f) of rule XI (H. Res. 5, Jan. 6, 1999, p. 47). Clerical
    corrections were effected in the 107th Congress (sec. 2(x), H. Res. 5,
    Jan. 3, 2001, p. 24).

    Travel
      At its organization the 104th Congress suspended the operation of
    paragraph (f) in favor of special provisions for interim funding in
    light of its abolishment of three standing committees, its reduction in
    the overall number of committee staff, and its institution of biennial
    primary expense resolutions (sec. 101(c)(3), H. Res. 6, Jan. 4, 1995, p.
    462). The House by unanimous consent has agreed to a resolution
    providing funding for interim expenses of a new select committee (Feb.
    13, 2003, p. ----) and a new standing committee (Jan. 4, 2005, p. ----).

    [[Page 508]]

    authorized under this clause and clauses 6 and 8, may not be expended
    for the purpose of defraying expenses of members of a committee or its
    employees in a country where local currencies are available for this
    purpose.

    769. Committee travel.

      8. (a)  Local currencies owned by the
    United States shall be made available to the committee and its employees
    engaged in carrying out their official duties outside the United States
    or its territories or possessions. Appropriated funds, including those

      (b) The following conditions shall apply with respect to travel
    outside the United States or its territories or possessions:

          (1) A member or employee of a committee may not receive or expend
    local currencies for subsistence in a country for a day at a rate in
    excess of the maximum per diem set forth in applicable Federal law.

          (2) A member or employee shall be reimbursed for his expenses for
    a day at the lesser of--

              (A) the per diem set forth in applicable Federal law; or

              (B) the actual, unreimbursed expenses (other than for
    transportation) he incurred during that day.

    [[Page 509]]

    in complying with reporting requirements in applicable Federal law and
    shall be open for public inspection.

    Sec. 770. Travel reports.

          (3)  Each member or employee of
    a committee shall make to the chairman of the committee an itemized
    report showing the dates each country was visited, the amount of per
    diem furnished, the cost of transportation furnished, and funds expended
    for any other official purpose and shall summarize in these categories
    the total foreign currencies or appropriated funds expended. Each report
    shall be filed with the chairman of the committee not later than 60 days
    following the completion of travel for use

      (c)(1) In carrying out the activities of a committee outside the
    United States in a country where local currencies are unavailable, a
    member or employee of a committee may not receive reimbursement for
    expenses (other than for transportation) in excess of the maximum per
    diem set forth in applicable Federal law.

      (2) A member or employee shall be reimbursed for his expenses for a
    day, at the lesser of--

          (A) the per diem set forth in applicable Federal law; or

          (B) the actual unreimbursed expenses (other than for
    transportation) he incurred during that day.

      (3) A member or employee of a committee may not receive reimbursement
    for the cost of any transportation in connection with travel outside the
    United States unless the member or employee actually paid for the
    transportation.

      (d) The restrictions respecting travel outside the United States set
    forth in paragraph (c) also shall apply to travel outside the United
    States by a Member, Delegate, Resident Commissioner, officer, or
    employee of the House authorized under any standing rule.

    [[Page 510]]

    amended in the 95th Congress (H. Res. 5, Jan. 4, 1977, pp. 53-70) to
    clarify the availability of local currencies for travel outside the
    United States and its territories and possessions, to require reports
    within 60 days for use in complying with statutory reporting
    requirements, and to authorize the Committee on House Administration to
    recommend in expense resolutions expenses for foreign as well as
    domestic travel. This clause was further amended on March 2, 1977 (H.
    Res. 287, 95th Cong., pp. 5933-53) to limit all travel expenses to the
    maximum per diem rate or actual, unreimbursed expenses, whichever is
    less. Before the House recodified its rules in the 106th Congress, this
    provision was found in former clause 2(n) of rule XI, except that the
    ``lame duck'' travel prohibitions formerly found in clause 2(n)(5) of
    rule XI and clause 8 of rule I were transferred to former rule XXV
    (redesignated as rule XXIV in the 107th Congress) (H. Res. 5, Jan. 6,
    1999, p. 47).
      Before the adoption of this clause (formerly clause 2(n) of rule XI)
    and of clause 1(b) of rule XI under the Committee Reform Amendments of
    1974, effective January 3, 1975 (H. Res. 988, 93d Cong., Oct. 8, 1974,
    p. 34470), each committee was given separate authority to incur expenses
    in connection with its investigations and studies, and certain
    committees were authorized to use local currencies for foreign committee
    travel, in resolutions reported from the Committee on Rules in each
    Congress. This clause was

    Committee staffs
      Under section 502(b) of the Mutual Security Act of 1954 (22 U.S.C.
    1754(b)), foreign local currencies owned or purchased by the United
    States may be used for foreign travel expenses by members or employees
    of standing or select committees when authorized by the chairman
    thereof, and by other Members or employees when authorized by the
    Speaker. Consolidated committee reports prepared on a quarterly basis,
    and individual reports required within 30 days after the travel
    involved, must be forwarded to the Clerk of the House and published in
    the Congressional Record.

    771. Thirty professional staff.

      9.  (a)(1) Subject to
    subparagraph (2) and paragraph (f), each standing committee may appoint,
    by majority vote, not more than 30 professional staff members to be
    compensated from the funds provided for the appointment of committee
    staff by primary and additional expense resolutions. Each professional
    staff <> member appointed under this
    subparagraph shall be assigned to the chairman and the ranking minority
    member of the committee, as the committee considers advisable.

    [[Page 511]]

    or the Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence) so request, not more
    than 10 persons (or one-third of the total professional committee staff
    appointed under this clause, whichever is fewer) may be selected, by
    majority vote of the minority party members, for appointment by the
    committee as professional staff members under subparagraph (1). The
    committee shall appoint persons so selected whose character and
    qualifications are acceptable to a majority of the committee. If the
    committee determines that the character and qualifications of a person
    so selected are unacceptable, a majority of the minority party members
    may select another person for appointment by the committee to the
    professional staff until such appointment is made. Each professional
    staff member appointed under this subparagraph shall be assigned to such
    committee business as the minority party members of the committee
    consider advisable.

    Sec. 773. Minority.

      (2)  Subject to paragraph (f) whenever a
    majority of the minority party members of a standing committee (other
    than the Committee on Standards of Official Conduct

    [[Page 512]]

    Jan. 14, 1975, p. 20). The requirement added in 1975 that staff
    positions made available to subcommittee chairmen and ranking minority
    members pursuant to former provisions of clause 5 of rule XI be provided
    from staff positions available under this clause unless provided in a
    primary or additional expense resolution was eliminated in the 104th
    Congress (sec. 101(c)(5), H. Res. 6, Jan. 4, 1995, p. 462). The 98th
    Congress added the Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence to the
    exception for the Committee on Standards of Official Conduct (H. Res.
    58, Mar. 1, 1983, p. 3241). The 101st Congress added an exemption for
    the Committee on Rules (H. Res. 5, Jan. 3, 1989, p. 72). The Ethics
    Reform Act of 1989 struck the antidiscrimination provisions as redundant
    (P.L. 101-194, Nov. 30, 1989). The 104th Congress eliminated the former
    distinction between professional and clerical staff, set the authorized
    maximum for committee staff under expense resolutions at 30, eliminated
    subcommittee entitlement to staff, and set the entitlement of the full
    committee minority within that number at one-third (sec. 101(c)(5), H.
    Res. 6, Jan. 4, 1995, p. 462). The 104th Congress also mandated that the
    total number of staff of House committees be at least one-third less
    than the corresponding total in the 103d Congress (sec. 101(a), H. Res.
    6, Jan. 4, 1995, p. 462). Before the House recodified its rules in the
    106th Congress, this provision was found in former clause 6 of rule XI
    (H. Res. 5, Jan. 6, 1999, p. 47).
      This clause (formerly clause 6 of rule XI) had its origins in section
    202 of the Legislative Reorganization Act of 1946 (60 Stat. 812), which
    allocated up to four nonpartisan professionals to each committee other
    than Appropriations and specifically provided for clerical staff, and
    which was incorporated into the rules on January 3, 1953 (p. 24).
    Section 302(b) of the Legislative Reorganization Act of 1970 (84 Stat.
    1140), which increased the authorized maximum for professional staff
    from four to six and added the concept of minority staffing, was
    incorporated into the rules in the 92d Congress (H. Res. 5, Jan. 22,
    1971, p. 144). In the 93d Congress the maximum was increased from six to
    18, the minority entitlement within that number was increased from two
    to six, a requirement that professional staff be appointed without
    regard to political affiliation was eliminated, and prohibitions against
    consideration of race, creed, sex, or age in the appointment of staff
    were added (H. Res. 988, Oct. 8, 1974, p. 34470). An exemption for the
    Committee on the Budget was included in section 901 of the Congressional
    Budget Act of 1974 (88 Stat. 330), was later omitted under the Committee
    Reform Amendments of 1974 (H. Res. 988, Oct. 8, 1974, p. 34470), and was
    reinserted by the 94th Congress (H. Res. 5,

      Additional staff of committees are authorized by the Committee on
    House Administration and agreed to by the House. There is no legal power
    to fill a vacancy in the clerkship of a committee after one Congress has
    expired and before the next House has been organized (IV, 4539). An
    assault upon the clerk of a committee within the walls of the Capitol
    was held to be a breach of privilege (II, 1629). The pay of clerks has
    been the subject of several decisions (IV, 4536-4538).

    Sec. 774. Consultants and training.

      Committees  may, with the
    approval of the Committee on House Administration, procure the temporary
    or intermittent services of consultants and obtain specialized training
    for professional staff, subject to expense resolutions, under the
    Legislative Reorganization Act of 1970, sections 303 and 304 (2 U.S.C.
    72a(i) and (j)).

    Sec. 775. Staff duties.

      (b)(1)  The professional staff
    members of each standing committee--

          (A) may not engage in any work other than committee business
    during congressional working hours; and

    [[Page 513]]

          (B) may not be assigned a duty other than one pertaining to
    committee business.

    Sec. 776. ``Associate'' or ``shared'' staff.

      (2)(A) Subparagraph (1) does not apply to staff designated by a
    committee  as
    ``associate'' or ``shared'' staff who are not paid exclusively by the
    committee, provided that the chairman certifies that the compensation
    paid by the committee for any such staff is commensurate with the work
    performed for the committee in accordance with clause 8 of rule XXIII.

      (B) The use of any ``associate'' or ``shared'' staff by a committee
    other than the Committee on Appropriations shall be subject to the
    review of, and to any terms, conditions, or limitations established by,
    the Committee on House Administration in connection with the reporting
    of any primary or additional expense resolution.

      The Ethics Reform Act of 1989 prescribed that staff work be confined
    to committee business during congressional working hours but maintained
    exceptions for the Committees on the Budget and Rules (P.L. 101-194,
    Nov. 30, 1989). The 104th Congress eliminated exceptions by committee in
    favor of exceptions for ``associate'' or ``shared'' staff (sec.
    101(c)(5), H. Res. 6, Jan. 4, 1995, p. 462). Technical corrections were
    effected in the 104th Congress (H. Res. 254, Nov. 30, 1995, p. 35077);
    in the 106th Congress, which conformed references to a renamed committee
    (H. Res. 5, Jan. 6, 1999, p. 47); in the 107th Congress, which conformed
    references to a redesignated rule (sec. 2(s), H. Res. 5, Jan. 6, 2001,
    p. ----); and in the 108th Congress, which confined the exception for
    the Committee on Appropriations to subparagraph (B), rather than to the
    entire paragraph (sec. 2(f), H. Res. 5, Jan. 7, 2003, p. ----). Before
    the House recodified its rules in the 106th Congress, this provision was
    found in former clause 6 of rule XI (H. Res. 5, Jan. 6, 1999, p. 47).

    [[Page 514]]

    imum rate of pay as in effect from time to time under applicable
    provisions of law.

    Sec. 777. Pay.

      (c)  Each employee on the professional or
    investigative staff of a standing committee shall be entitled to pay at
    a single gross per annum rate, to be fixed by the chairman and that does
    not exceed the max

      This provision (formerly clause 6(c) of rule XI) was derived from
    section 477(c) of the Legislative Reorganization Act of 1970 (84 Stat.
    1140) and was incorporated into the rules in the 92d Congress (H. Res.
    5, Jan. 22, 1971, p. 144). Under the Committee Reform Amendments of
    1974, effective January 3, 1975 (H. Res. 988, 93d Cong., Oct. 8, 1974,
    p. 34470), the maximum salary was set at level V of the Executive
    Schedule, rather than at the highest rate of basic pay law (5 U.S.C.
    5332(a)(1)), as specified in the 1970 Reorganization Act, and effective
    in the 95th Congress (H. Res. 5, Jan. 4, 1977, pp. 53-70), the authority
    for two professional staff to be paid at level IV of the Executive
    Schedule was added to the clause. Under section 311 of the Legislative
    Branch Appropriations Act, 1988 (2 U.S.C. 60a-2a), the maximum salary
    for staff members is now set by pay order of the Speaker. At the
    beginning of the 101st Congress, references to particular levels of the
    executive schedule were deleted (H. Res. 5, Jan. 3, 1989, p. 72). In the
    104th Congress this paragraph was amended to reflect the elimination of
    the former distinction between ``professional'' and ``clerical'' staff
    (sec. 101(c)(5), H. Res. 6, Jan. 4, 1995, p. 462). Before the House
    recodified its rules in the 106th Congress, this provision was found in
    former clause 6 of rule XI (H. Res. 5, Jan. 6, 1999, p. 47).

    Sec. 778. Staff, Committee on Appropriations.

      (d)  Subject to
    appropriations hereby authorized, the Committee on Appropriations may
    appoint by majority vote such staff as it determines to be necessary (in
    addition to the clerk of the committee and assistants for the minority).
    The staff appointed under this paragraph, other than minority
    assistants, shall possess such qualifications as the committee may
    prescribe.

    [[Page 515]]

      This paragraph (formerly clause 6(d) of rule XI) derives from section
    202(b) of the Legislative Reorganization Act of 1946 (60 Stat. 812),
    which was incorporated into the rules on January 3, 1953 (p. 24). The
    exemption was extended to the Committee on the Budget by section 901 of
    the Congressional Budget Act of 1974 (88 Stat. 330). The reference to
    that committee was inadvertently omitted by the 93d Congress (H. Res.
    988, Oct. 8, 1974, p. 34470) and reinserted by the 94th Congress (H.
    Res. 5, Jan. 14, 1975, p. 20). The 104th Congress deleted the exemption
    for the Committee on the Budget (sec. 101(c)(5), H. Res. 6, Jan. 4,
    1995, p. 462). Before the House recodified its rules in the 106th
    Congress, this provision was found in former clause 6(d) of rule X (H.
    Res. 5, Jan. 6, 1999, p. 47).

    Sec. 779. Detailed employees.

      (e)  A committee may not
    appoint to its staff an expert or other personnel detailed or assigned
    from a department or agency of the Government except with the written
    permission of the Committee on House Administration.

      This paragraph was contained in section 202(f) of the Legislative
    Reorganization Act of 1946 (60 Stat. 812) and was incorporated into the
    rules on January 3, 1953 (p. 24). In the 104th and 106th Congresses it
    was amended to conform references to a renamed committee (sec. 202(b),
    H. Res. 6, Jan. 4, 1995, p. 464; H. Res. 5, Jan. 6, 1999, p. 47).

      (f) If a request for the appointment of a minority professional staff
    member under paragraph (a) is made when no vacancy exists for such an
    appointment, the committee nevertheless may appoint under paragraph (a)
    a person selected by the minority and acceptable to the committee. A
    person so appointed shall serve as an additional member of the
    professional staff of the committee until such a vacancy occurs (other
    than a vacancy in the position of head of the professional staff, by
    whatever title designated), at which time that person is considered as
    appointed to that vacancy. Such a person shall be paid from the
    applicable accounts of the House described in clause 1(j)(1) of rule X.
    If such a vacancy occurs on the professional staff when seven or more
    persons have been so appointed who are eligible to fill that vacancy, a
    majority of the minority party members shall designate which of those
    persons shall fill the vacancy.

    [[Page 516]]

    to assist minority members of a committee pursuant to an expense
    resolution described in clause 6(a), shall be accorded equitable
    treatment with respect to the fixing of the rate of pay, the assignment
    of work facilities, and the accessibility of committee records.
      (g) Each staff member appointed pursuant to a request by minority
    party members under paragraph (a), and each staff member appointed

      (h) Paragraph (a) may not be construed to authorize the appointment of
    additional professional staff members of a committee pursuant to a
    request under paragraph (a) by the minority party members of that
    committee if 10 or more professional staff members provided for in
    paragraph (a)(1) who are satisfactory to a majority of the minority
    party members are otherwise assigned to assist the minority party
    members.

      Paragraphs (f)-(h) (formerly clause 6(f)-(h) of rule XI) are derived
    from section 302(c) of the Legislative Reorganization Act of 1970 (84
    Stat. 1140) and were incorporated into the rules in the 92d Congress (H.
    Res. 5, Jan. 22, 1971, p. 144). Effective January 3, 1975 (H. Res. 988,
    93d Cong., Oct. 8, 1974, p. 34470), conforming changes were made in
    paragraphs (f) and (h) to reflect increased minority professional and
    clerical staff permitted to committees under paragraphs (a) and (b) of
    this clause. In the 104th Congress paragraphs (f)-(h) were amended to
    reflect the elimination of the former distinction between
    ``professional'' and ``clerical'' staff (sec. 101(c)(5), H. Res. 6, Jan.
    4, 1995, p. 462). The 104th Congress also mandated that the total number
    of staff of House committees be at least one-third less than the
    corresponding total in the 103d Congress (sec. 101(a), H. Res. 6, Jan.
    4, 1995, p. 462). In the 105th Congress paragraph (f) was amended to
    update an archaic reference to the ``contingent fund'' (H. Res. 5, Jan.
    7, 1997, p. 121). Before the House recodified its rules in the 106th
    Congress, this provision was found in former clause 6 of rule XI (H.
    Res. 5, Jan. 6, 1999, p. 47). A clerical correction was effected in the
    107th Congress (sec. 2(x), H. Res. 5, Jan. 3, 2001, p. 24), and a
    conforming change to paragraph (f) was effected in the 109th Congress
    (sec. 2(a), H. Res. 5, Jan. 4, 2005, p. ----).

    [[Page 517]]

    committee staff designated exclusively for the majority or minority
    party, by an affirmative vote of a majority of the members of the
    majority party and of a majority of the members of the minority party.

    Sec. 780. Nonpartisan staff.

      (i)  Notwithstanding paragraph
    (a)(2), a committee may employ nonpartisan staff, in lieu of or in
    addition to

      Section 202(a) of the Legislative Reorganization Act of 1946 (60 Stat.
    812), which was incorporated into the rules on January 3, 1953 (p. 24),
    required committee professional staffs to be appointed on a permanent
    basis without regard to political affiliation. The concept of minority
    staffing was added by section 302(b) of the Legislative Reorganization
    Act of 1970. Under the Committee Reform Amendments of 1974, effective
    January 3, 1975 (H. Res. 988, 93d Cong., Oct. 8, 1974, p. 34470),
    paragraph (i) (formerly clause 6(i) of rule XI) was added to permit
    committees to employ nonpartisan staff upon an affirmative vote of the
    majority of the members of each party. In the 104th Congress it was
    amended to reflect the elimination of the former distinction between
    ``professional'' and ``clerical'' staff (sec. 101(c)(5), H. Res. 6, Jan.
    4, 1995, p. 462). Before the House recodified its rules in the 106th
    Congress, this provision was found in former clause 6(i) of rule XI (H.
    Res. 5, Jan. 6, 1999, p. 47).

    Select and joint committees

    Sec. 781. Reports on staff.

      Effective  in the 95th Congress
    (H. Res. 5, Jan. 4, 1977, pp. 53-70), former clause 6(j) of rule XI,
    which was added on January 3, 1953 (p. 24) and which was contained in
    section 134(b) of the Legislative Reorganization Act of 1945, was
    deleted; that clause required committees to report semiannually to the
    Clerk, for printing in the Congressional Record, on the names,
    professions, and salaries of committee employees.

    [[Page 518]]

    Commissioner shall automatically cease to be a member of any select or
    joint committee to which he is assigned. The chairman of the relevant
    party caucus or conference shall notify the Speaker whenever a Member,
    Delegate, or Resident Commissioner ceases to be a member of a party
    caucus or conference. The Speaker shall notify the chairman of each
    affected select or joint committee that the appointment of such Member,
    Delegate, or Resident Commissioner to the select or joint committee is
    automatically vacated under this paragraph.

    782. Party membership as basis for
    appointment.

      10. (a)  Membership on a select or joint committee appointed by
    the Speaker under clause 11 of rule I during the course of a Congress
    shall be contingent on continuing membership in the party caucus or
    conference of which the Member, Delegate, or Resident Commissioner
    concerned was a member at the time of appointment. Should a Member,
    Delegate, or Resident Commissioner cease to be a member of that caucus
    or conference, that Member, Delegate, or Resident

      This party membership requirement for select and joint committees,
    analogous to clause 5(b), was added in the 98th Congress (H. Res. 5,
    1983, Jan. 3, 1983, p. 34). Before the House recodified its rules in the
    106th Congress, this provision was found in former clause 6(g) of rule X
    (H. Res. 5, Jan. 6, 1999, p. 47).

    Sec. 783. Select and joint committee compliance.

      (b)  Each
    select or joint committee, other than a conference committee, shall
    comply with clause 2(a) of rule XI unless specifically exempted by law.

      Before the House recodified its rules in the 106th Congress, paragraph
    (b) was found in clause 2(a) of rule XI (H. Res. 5, Jan. 6, 1999, p.
    47). The extension of clause 2(a) requirements to select and joint
    committees was added to clause 2(a) when that rule was rewritten by the
    Committee Reform Amendments of 1974 (H. Res. 988, 93d Cong., Oct. 8,
    1974, p. 34470).

    [[Page 519]]

    Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence

    Sec. 784. Aging.

      A  paragraph (i) of former clause 6 of rule
    X was incorporated into the rules effective January 3, 1975 (H. Res.
    988, 93d Cong., Oct. 8, 1974, p. 34470), to provide for a permanent
    Select Committee on Aging. That provision was stricken in the 103d
    Congress (H. Res. 5, Jan. 5, 1993, p. 49).

    785. Permanent Select Committee on
    Intelligence.

      11. (a)(1) There is  established a Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence
    (hereafter in this clause referred to as the ``select committee''). The
    select committee shall be composed of not more than 21 Members,
    Delegates, or the Resident Commissioner, of whom not more than 12 may be
    from the same party. The select committee shall include at least one
    Member, Delegate, or the Resident Commissioner from each of the
    following committees:

          (A) the Committee on Appropriations;

          (B) the Committee on Armed Services;

          (C) the Committee on International Relations; and

          (D) the Committee on the Judiciary.

      (2) The Speaker and the Minority Leader shall be ex officio members of
    the select committee but shall have no vote in the select committee and
    may not be counted for purposes of determining a quorum thereof.

      (3) The Speaker and Minority Leader each may designate a member of his
    leadership staff to assist him in his capacity as ex officio member,
    with the same access to committee meetings, hearings, briefings, and
    materials as employees of the select committee and subject to the same
    security clearance and confidentiality requirements as employees of the
    select committee under this clause.

    [[Page 520]]

    other than the Speaker or the Minority Leader, may not serve as a member
    of the select committee during more than four Congresses in a period of
    six successive Congresses (disregarding for this purpose any service for
    less than a full session in a Congress).
      (4)(A) Except as permitted by subdivision (B), a Member, Delegate, or
    Resident Commissioner,

      (B) In the case of a Member, Delegate, or Resident Commissioner
    appointed to serve as the chairman or the ranking minority member of the
    select committee, tenure on the select committee shall not be limited.

      (b)(1) There shall be referred to the select committee proposed
    legislation, messages, petitions, memorials, and other matters relating
    to the following:

          (A) The Central Intelligence Agency, the Director of Central
    Intelligence, and the National Foreign Intelligence Program as defined
    in section 3(6) of the National Security Act of 1947.

          (B) Intelligence and intelligence-related activities of all other
    departments and agencies of the Government, including the tactical
    intelligence and intelligence-related activities of the Department of
    Defense.

          (C) The organization or reorganization of a department or agency
    of the Government to the extent that the organization or reorganization
    relates to a function or activity involving intelligence or
    intelligence-related activities.

    [[Page 521]]

          (D) Authorizations for appropriations, both direct and indirect,
    for the following:

              (i) The Central Intelligence Agency, the Director of Central
    Intelligence, and the National Foreign Intelligence Program as defined
    in section 3(6) of the National Security Act of 1947.

              (ii) Intelligence and intelligence-related activities of all
    other departments and agencies of the Government, including the tactical
    intelligence and intelligence-related activities of the Department of
    Defense.

              (iii) A department, agency, subdivision, or program that is a
    successor to an agency or program named or referred to in (i) or (ii).

      (2) Proposed legislation initially reported by the select committee
    (other than provisions solely involving matters specified in
    subparagraph (1)(A) or subparagraph (1)(D)(i)) containing any matter
    otherwise within the jurisdiction of a standing committee shall be
    referred by the Speaker to that standing committee. Proposed legislation
    initially reported by another committee that contains matter within the
    jurisdiction of the select committee shall be referred by the Speaker to
    the select committee if requested by the chairman of the select
    committee.

    [[Page 522]]

      (3) Nothing in this clause shall be construed as prohibiting or
    otherwise restricting the authority of any other committee to study and
    review an intelligence or intelligence-related activity to the extent
    that such activity directly affects a matter otherwise within the
    jurisdiction of that committee.

      (4) Nothing in this clause shall be construed as amending, limiting,
    or otherwise changing the authority of a standing committee to obtain
    full and prompt access to the product of the intelligence and
    intelligence-related activities of a department or agency of the
    Government relevant to a matter otherwise within the jurisdiction of
    that committee.

      (c)(1) For purposes of accountability to the House, the select
    committee shall make regular and periodic reports to the House on the
    nature and extent of the intelligence and intelligence-related
    activities of the various departments and agencies of the United States.
    The select committee shall promptly call to the attention of the House,
    or to any other appropriate committee, a matter requiring the attention
    of the House or another committee. In making such report, the select
    committee shall proceed in a manner consistent with paragraph (g) to
    protect national security.

    [[Page 523]]

    mittee. Nothing herein shall be construed as requiring the public
    disclosure in such reports of the names of persons engaged in
    intelligence or intelligence-related activities for the United States or
    the divulging of intelligence methods employed or the sources of
    information on which the reports are based or the amount of funds
    authorized to be appropriated for intelligence and intelligence-related
    activities.
      (2) The select committee shall obtain annual reports from the Director
    of the Central Intelligence Agency, the Secretary of Defense, the
    Secretary of State, and the Director of the Federal Bureau of
    Investigation. Such reports shall review the intelligence and
    intelligence-related activities of the agency or department concerned
    and the intelligence and intelligence-related activities of foreign
    countries directed at the United States or its interests. An
    unclassified version of each report may be made available to the public
    at the discretion of the select com

      (3) Within six weeks after the President submits a budget under
    section 1105(a) of title 31, United States Code, or at such time as the
    Committee on the Budget may request, the select committee shall submit
    to the Committee on the Budget the views and estimates described in
    section 301(d) of the Congressional Budget Act of 1974 regarding matters
    within the jurisdiction of the select committee.

      (d)(1) Except as specified in subparagraph (2), clauses 8(a), (b), and
    (c) and 9(a), (b), and (c) of this rule, and clauses 1, 2, and 4 of rule
    XI shall apply to the select committee to the extent not inconsistent
    with this clause.

    [[Page 524]]

      (2) Notwithstanding the requirements of the first sentence of clause
    2(g)(2) of rule XI, in the presence of the number of members required
    under the rules of the select committee for the purpose of taking
    testimony or receiving evidence, the select committee may vote to close
    a hearing whenever a majority of those present determines that the
    testimony or evidence would endanger the national security.

      (e) An employee of the select committee, or a person engaged by
    contract or otherwise to perform services for or at the request of the
    select committee, may not be given access to any classified information
    by the select committee unless such employee or person has--

          (1) agreed in writing and under oath to be bound by the Rules of
    the House, including the jurisdiction of the Committee on Standards of
    Official Conduct and of the select committee concerning the security of
    classified information during and after the period of his employment or
    contractual agreement with the select committee; and

          (2) received an appropriate security clearance, as determined by
    the select committee in consultation with the Director of Central
    Intelligence, that is commensurate with the sensitivity of the
    classified information to which such employee or person will be given
    access by the select committee.

    [[Page 525]]

    sure of classified information clearly outweighs any infringement on the
    privacy of a person.
      (f) The select committee shall formulate and carry out such rules and
    procedures as it considers necessary to prevent the disclosure, without
    the consent of each person concerned, of information in the possession
    of the select committee that unduly infringes on the privacy or that
    violates the constitutional rights of such person. Nothing herein shall
    be construed to prevent the select committee from publicly disclosing
    classified information in a case in which it determines that national
    interest in the disclo

      (g)(1) The select committee may disclose publicly any information in
    its possession after a determination by the select committee that the
    public interest would be served by such disclosure. With respect to the
    disclosure of information for which this paragraph requires action by
    the select committee--

          (A) the select committee shall meet to vote on the matter within
    five days after a member of the select committee requests a vote; and

          (B) a member of the select committee may not make such a
    disclosure before a vote by the select committee on the matter, or after
    a vote by the select committee on the matter except in accordance with
    this paragraph.

      (2)(A) In a case in which the select committee votes to disclose
    publicly any information that has been classified under established
    security procedures, that has been submitted to it by the executive
    branch, and that the executive branch requests be kept secret, the
    select committee shall notify the President of such vote.

    [[Page 526]]

    national interest of the United States posed by the disclosure is of
    such gravity that it outweighs any public interest in the disclosure.
      (B) The select committee may disclose publicly such information after
    the expiration of a five-day period following the day on which notice of
    the vote to disclose is transmitted to the President unless, before the
    expiration of the five-day period, the President, personally in writing,
    notifies the select committee that he objects to the disclosure of such
    information, provides his reasons therefor, and certifies that the
    threat to the

      (C) If the President, personally in writing, notifies the select
    committee of his objections to the disclosure of information as provided
    in subdivision (B), the select committee may, by majority vote, refer
    the question of the disclosure of such information, with a
    recommendation thereon, to the House. The select committee may not
    publicly disclose such information without leave of the House.

      (D) Whenever the select committee votes to refer the question of
    disclosure of any information to the House under subdivision (C), the
    chairman shall, not later than the first day on which the House is in
    session following the day on which the vote occurs, report the matter to
    the House for its consideration.

      (E) If the chairman of the select committee does not offer in the
    House a motion to consider in closed session a matter reported under
    subdivision (D) within four calendar days on which the House is in
    session after the recommendation described in subdivision (C) is
    reported, then such a motion shall be privileged when offered by a
    Member, Delegate, or Resident Commissioner. In either case such a motion
    shall be decided without debate or intervening motion except one that
    the House adjourn.

    [[Page 527]]

    subject to the call of the Chair. At the expiration of the recess, the
    pending question, in closed session, shall be, ``Shall the House approve
    the recommendation of the select committee?''.
      (F) Upon adoption by the House of a motion to resolve into closed
    session as described in subdivision (E), the Speaker may declare a
    recess

      (G) Debate on the question described in subdivision (F) shall be
    limited to two hours equally divided and controlled by the chairman and
    ranking minority member of the select committee. After such debate the
    previous question shall be considered as ordered on the question of
    approving the recommendation without intervening motion except one
    motion that the House adjourn. The House shall vote on the question in
    open session but without divulging the information with respect to which
    the vote is taken. If the recommendation of the select committee is not
    approved, then the question is considered as recommitted to the select
    committee for further recommendation.

      (3)(A) Information in the possession of the select committee relating
    to the lawful intelligence or intelligence-related activities of a
    department or agency of the United States that has been classified under
    established security procedures, and that the select committee has
    determined should not be disclosed under subparagraph (1) or (2), may
    not be made available to any person by a Member, Delegate, Resident
    Commissioner, officer, or employee of the House except as provided in
    subdivision (B).

    [[Page 528]]

    committee or a Member, Delegate, or Resident Commissioner, and permit a
    Member, Delegate, or Resident Commissioner to attend a hearing of the
    select committee that is closed to the public. Whenever the select
    committee makes such information available, it shall keep a written
    record showing, in the case of particular information, which committee
    or which Member, Delegate, or Resident Commissioner received the
    information. A Member, Delegate, or Resident Commissioner who, and a
    committee that, receives information under this subdivision may not
    disclose the information except in a closed session of the House.
      (B) The select committee shall, under such regulations as it may
    prescribe, make information described in subdivision (A) available to a

      (4) The Committee on Standards of Official Conduct shall investigate
    any unauthorized disclosure of intelligence or intelligence-related
    information by a Member, Delegate, Resident Commissioner, officer, or
    employee of the House in violation of subparagraph (3) and report to the
    House concerning any allegation that it finds to be substantiated.

    [[Page 529]]

    cer, or employee of the House, it shall report its findings to the House
    and recommend appropriate action. Recommendations may include censure,
    removal from committee membership, or expulsion from the House, in the
    case of a Member, or removal from office or employment or punishment for
    contempt, in the case of an officer or employee.
      (5) Upon the request of a person who is subject to an investigation
    described in subparagraph (4), the Committee on Standards of Official
    Conduct shall release to such person at the conclusion of its
    investigation a summary of its investigation, together with its
    findings. If, at the conclusion of its investigation, the Committee on
    Standards of Official Conduct determines that there has been a
    significant breach of confidentiality or unauthorized disclosure by a
    Member, Delegate, Resident Commissioner, offi

      (h) The select committee may permit a personal representative of the
    President, designated by the President to serve as a liaison to the
    select committee, to attend any closed meeting of the select committee.

      (i) Subject to the Rules of the House, funds may not be appropriated
    for a fiscal year, with the exception of a bill or joint resolution
    continuing appropriations, or an amendment thereto, or a conference
    report thereon, to, or for use of, a department or agency of the United
    States to carry out any of the following activities, unless the funds
    shall previously have been authorized by a bill or joint resolution
    passed by the House during the same or preceding fiscal year to carry
    out such activity for such fiscal year:

          (1) The activities of the Central Intelligence Agency and the
    Director of Central Intelligence.

          (2) The activities of the Defense Intelligence Agency.

    [[Page 530]]

          (3) The activities of the National Security Agency.

          (4) The intelligence and intelligence-related activities of other
    agencies and subdivisions of the Department of Defense.

          (5) The intelligence and intelligence-related activities of the
    Department of State.

          (6) The intelligence and intelligence-related activities of the
    Federal Bureau of Investigation, including all activities of the
    Intelligence Division.

      (j)(1) In this clause the term ``intelligence and intelligence-related
    activities'' includes--

          (A) the collection, analysis, production, dissemination, or use of
    information that relates to a foreign country, or a government,
    political group, party, military force, movement, or other association
    in a foreign country, and that relates to the defense, foreign policy,
    national security, or related policies of the United States and other
    activity in support of the collection, analysis, production,
    dissemination, or use of such information;

          (B) activities taken to counter similar activities directed
    against the United States;

          (C) covert or clandestine activities affecting the relations of
    the United States with a foreign government, political group, party,
    military force, movement, or other association;

    [[Page 531]]

    a department, agency, bureau, office, division, instrumentality, or
    employee of the United States to pose, a threat to the internal security
    of the United States; and
          (D) the collection, analysis, production, dissemination, or use of
    information about activities of persons within the United States, its
    territories and possessions, or nationals of the United States abroad
    whose political and related activities pose, or may be considered by

          (E) covert or clandestine activities directed against persons
    described in subdivision (D).

      (2) In this clause the term ``department or agency'' includes any
    organization, committee, council, establishment, or office within the
    Federal Government.

      (3) For purposes of this clause, reference to a department, agency,
    bureau, or subdivision shall include a reference to any successor
    department, agency, bureau, or subdivision to the extent that a
    successor engages in intelligence or intelligence-related activities now
    conducted by the department, agency, bureau, or subdivision referred to
    in this clause.

      (k) Clause 12(a) of rule XXII does not apply to meetings of a
    conference committee respecting legislation (or any part thereof)
    reported by the Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence.

    [[Page 532]]

    p. 39); (7) to limit the size of the panel to 16, with no more than nine
    members from the same party; to set the tenure limitation at four
    Congresses within a period of six Congresses, with exceptions for
    ongoing service as chairman or ranking minority member; to make the
    Speaker (rather than the Majority Leader) an ex officio member of the
    panel (as opposed to his former free access to its meetings and
    information); and to conform references to renamed committees (sec. 221,
    H. Res. 6, 104th Cong., Jan. 4, 1995, p. 469); (8) to make certain
    conforming changes (Budget Enforcement Act of 1997, sec. 10104, P.L.
    105-33; H. Res. 5, Jan. 6, 1999, p. 47); (9) to increase the size of the
    committee to not more than 18 members, of whom not more than 10 shall be
    of the same political party (sec. 2(h), H. Res. 5, 107th Cong., Jan. 3,
    2001, p. 25); (10) to make a clerical correction in a cross reference
    (sec. 2(x), H. Res. 5, 107th Cong., Jan. 3, 2001, p. 26); (11) to remove
    the tenure limitation for the chairman and ranking minority member (sec.
    2(e-1), H. Res. 5, 108th Cong., Jan. 7, 2003, p. ----); and (12) to
    increase the size of the committee to not more than 21 members, of whom
    not more than 12 shall be of the same political party (H. Res. 51, 109th
    Cong., Jan. 26, 2005, p. ----). Before the House recodified its rules in
    the 106th Congress, this provision was found in former rule XLVIII (H.
    Res. 5, Jan. 6, 1999, p. 47). By order of the House, the size of the
    committee was increased for the 107th Congress to not more than 20
    members, of whom not more than 11 shall be of the same political party
    (Jan. 6, 2001, p. 25). The Intelligence Reform and Terrorism Prevention
    Act of 2004 (P.L. 108-458) reorganized the intelligence community.

    Sec. 786.

      This clause (formerly rule XLVIII) was  adopted in
    the 95th Congress (H. Res. 658, July 14, 1977, pp. 22932-49) and has had
    several technical amendments: (1) to change the size of the Select
    Committee from 13 to 14 members (H. Res. 70, 96th Cong., Jan. 25, 1979,
    p. 1023); (2) to reflect a change in the name of a committee (H. Res.
    89, 96th Cong., Feb. 5, 1979, p. 1848); (3) to change the size to not
    more than 16 members (H. Res. 33, 99th Cong., Jan. 30, 1985, p. 1271);
    (4) to change the size to not more than 17 members and to change the
    cross-reference in clause 7(c)(1) to include paragraph (a) or (b) (H.
    Res. 5, 100th Cong., Jan. 6, 1987, p. 6); (5) to change the size to not
    more than 19 members (H. Res. 5, 101st Cong., Jan. 3, 1989, p. 73) and
    to permit the Speaker to attend meetings and have access to information
    (H. Res. 268, Nov. 14, 1989, p. 28789); (6) to strike obsolete language
    relating to tenure restrictions in clause 1 and relating to the
    requirement for authorizations of appropriations in clause 9 (H. Res. 5,
    102d Cong., Jan. 3, 1991,

    [[Page 533]]

      More substantive amendments have been adopted as follows: (1) clause 4
    was amended to make former clause 6(c) of rule XI (current clause 9(c)
    of rule X) applicable to salaries of the staff of the Select Committee
    (H. Res. 5, Jan. 15, 1979, pp. 7-16); (2) paragraph (d) (formerly clause
    4) was amended to make an exception to the provisions of clause 2(g)(2)
    of rule XI (requiring a majority of the membership of a committee be
    present in order to vote to close a hearing) to allow the Select
    Committee to vote to go into executive session if a majority of the
    members present, there being in attendance the requisite number under
    the Select Committee rules for the purpose of taking testimony,
    determine that it is necessary to do so for national security reasons
    (but in no event to be determined by less than two members) (H. Res.
    165, Mar. 29, 1979, p. 6820); (3) paragraph (d) (formerly clause 4) was
    amended to provide the Select Committee with permanent professional and
    clerical staff as provided by former clauses 6(a) and (b) of rule XI
    (current clauses 9(a) and (b) of rule X) (H. Res. 58, Mar. 1, 1983, p.
    3241); (4) paragraph (b)(2) (formerly clause 2(a)) was amended to
    clarify jurisdiction over the National Foreign Intelligence Program and
    the tactical intelligence and intelligence-related activities of the
    Department of Defense and paragraph (a)(3) (formerly clause 1(b)) was
    added to clarify staffing arrangements for the Speaker and the Minority
    Leader as ex officio members (sec. 221, H. Res. 6, Jan. 4, 1995, p.
    469).

      The resolution creating the Select Committee directed the committee to
    make a study with respect to intelligence and intelligence-related
    activities of the U.S. and to report thereon, together with appropriate
    recommendations, not later than the close of the 95th Congress (sec. 3,
    H. Res. 658; see H. Rept. 95-1795, Oct. 14, 1978), and transferred to
    the Select Committee all records, files, documents, and other materials
    of the Select Committee on Intelligence of the 94th Congress in the
    possession, custody, or control of the Clerk of the House.

      The Select Committee has concurrent jurisdiction with the Committee on
    the Judiciary over bills concerning electronic surveillance of foreign
    intelligence (Nov. 4, 1977, p. 37070); concurrent jurisdiction with the
    Committees on Science, Space, and Technology (now Science) and Foreign
    Affairs (now International Relations) over a bill establishing a
    satellite monitoring commission (Mar. 15, 1988, p. 3847); and sole
    jurisdiction over a resolution of inquiry directing the Secretary of
    Defense to furnish to the House documents and information on Cuban or
    other foreign military or paramilitary presence in Panama or the Canal
    Zone (Apr. 6, 1978, p. 9105).

      Paragraph (g)(2) places restrictions on the Select Committee only with
    respect to the public disclosure of classified information in the
    possession of that committee, and does not prevent the House from
    determining to release any matter properly presented to it in secret
    session pursuant to clause 9 of rule XVII (formerly rule XXIX) (Feb. 25,
    1980, p. 3618).

      For a discussion of the role of the Permanent Select Committee on
    Intelligence in regulating access to the classified records of the
    former Select Committee on U.S. National Security and Military/
    Commercial Concerns With the People's Republic of China, House Practice,
    ch. 11, Sec. Sec. 12, 13.

      In the 107th Congress the Select Committee was given oversight
    authority described in clause 3(m) of rule X (sec. 2(f), H. Res. 5, Jan.
    3, 2001, p. 25).