    [Constitution, Jefferson's Manual, and the Rules of the House of Representatives, 105th Congress]
    [105th Congress]
    [House Document 104-272]
    [Rules of the House of Representatives]
    [Pages 373-473]
    [From the U.S. Government Publishing Office, www.gpo.gov]

    [[Page 373]]

                                     Rule X.

             establishment and jurisdiction of standing committees.

                      The Committees and Their Jurisdiction

    Sec. 669. Number and jurisdiction of standing
    committees.

      1.  There shall be in the House the following standing
    committees, each of which shall have the jurisdiction and related
    functions assigned to it by this clause and clauses 2, 3, and 4; and all
    bills, resolutions, and other matters relating to subjects within the
    jurisdiction of any standing committee as listed in this clause shall
    (in accordance with and subject to clause 5) be referred to such
    committees, as follows:

      Under the Legislative Reorganization Act of 1946 (60 Stat. 812), the
    44 committees of the 79th Congress were consolidated into 19, effective
    January 2, 1947. The total number of standing committees grew over time
    with the creation of the Committee on Science and Astronautics (now the
    Committee on Science), established on July 21, 1958 (p. 14513); the
    Committee on Standards of Official Conduct, established on April 13,
    1967 (p. 9425); the Committee on the Budget, established on July 12,
    1974, by the Congressional Budget Act of 1974 (88 Stat. 297); and the
    Committee on Small Business, established as a standing committee
    effective January 3, 1975 (H. Res. 988, 93d Cong., Oct. 8, 1974, p.
    34470). The Committee on Internal Security was abolished in the 94th
    Congress (H. Res. 5, Jan. 14, 1975, p. 20) thereby setting the total
    number of standing committees at 22.

    [[Page 374]]

    merly Armed Services), and Science (formerly Science,
    Space, and Technology (sec. 202(a), H. Res. 6, Jan. 4, 1995, p. ----).
      The 104th Congress reduced the total number to 19 by abolishing the
    Committees on the District of Columbia, Merchant Marine and Fisheries,
    and Post Office and Civil Service (sec. 202(a), H. Res. 6, Jan. 4, 1995,
    p. ----). Matters formerly in the jurisdiction of the Committees on the
    District of Columbia and Post Office and Civil Service were transferred
    to the Committee on Government Reform and Oversight (formerly Government
    Operations); and matters formerly in the jurisdiction of the Committee
    on Merchant Marine and Fisheries were transferred to the Committees on
    Resources (formerly Natural Resources), Transportation and
    Infrastructure (formerly Public Works and Transportation), National
    Security (for-

      A Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence was established on July
    14, 1977, and is now carried in rule XLVIII. A permanent Select
    Committee on Aging was added to clause 6 of this rule effective January
    3, 1975 (H. Res. 988, 93d Cong., Oct. 8, 1974, p. 34470) until stricken
    in the 103d Congress (H. Res. 5, Jan. 5, 1993, p. ----).

      Although earlier forms of the rule specified the number of Members
    comprising each of the standing committees, those specifications were
    eliminated in the 93d Congress, leaving to the House the authority to
    establish the sizes of committees by the numbers elected to each
    standing committee pursuant to clause 6(a)(1) of rule X. The rules still
    specify part of the composition of the Committee on the Budget (clause
    1(d)(1) of rule X) as well as the overall size and preferred composition
    of the Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence (clause 1(a) of rule
    XLVIII).

      The rule is mandatory on the Speaker in referring public bills and on
    Members in referring private bills and petitions under rule XXII, but
    when the House itself refers a bill it may send it to any committee
    without regard to the rules of jurisdiction (IV, 4375; V, 5527; VII,
    2131) and jurisdiction is thereby conferred (IV, 4362-4364; VII, 2105).
    Motions for change of reference of public bills and resolutions must be
    authorized either by the committee claiming jurisdiction (clause 4 of
    rule XXII; VII, 2121; Feb. 13, 1918, p. 2070; Jan. 10, 1941, p. 100) or
    by report of the committee to which the erroneous reference was made
    (clause 4 of rule XXII), must be made immediately following the reading
    of the Journal (VII, 1809, 2119, 2120), must apply to a single bill and
    not to a class of bills (VII, 2125), must apply to a bill erroneously
    referred (VII, 2125), may be amended (VII, 2127), may not be divided
    (VII, 2125); and may not be debated (VII, 2126, 2128), but are not in
    order on Calendar Wednesday (VII, 2117), and are not privileged if the
    original reference was not erroneous (VII, 2125). The re-referral of
    most bills is accomplished by unanimous consent (see Procedure, ch. 17,
    sec. 17-38).

      Prior to the 94th Congress, a bill could not be divided among two or
    more committees, even though it might contain matters properly within
    the jurisdiction of several committees (IV, 4372). The Committee Reform
    Amendments of 1974 added clause 5 of rule X, permitting the Speaker to
    refer any matter to more than one committee (H. Res. 988, 93d Cong.,
    Oct. 8, 1974, p. 34470). Clause 5 was amended in the 104th Congress to
    require the Speaker to designate a primary committee among those to
    which a matter is initially referred (sec. 205, H. Res. 6, Jan. 4, 1995,
    p. ----).

    [[Page 375]]

    the Senate with a substitute amendment relating to a new
    and different subject, the reference could nevertheless be to the
    committee having jurisdiction of the original bill (IV, 4373, 4374);
    normally, however such amended measures are held at the Speaker's table
    until disposed of by the House. The erroneous reference of a public bill
    under this rule, if it remain uncorrected, gives jurisdiction (IV, 4365-
    4371; VII, 2108), but such is not the case with a private bill or
    petition (IV, 3364, 4382-4389) unless the reference be made by action of
    the House itself (IV, 4390, 4391; VII 2131). A point of order as to the
    reference of a private bill is good when the bill comes up for
    consideration, either in the House or in Committee of the Whole (IV,
    4382-4389; VII, 2116, 2132; VIII, 2262) or at any time prior to passage
    (VII, 2116). The reference of a bill to a committee involving the same
    subject matter as a bill previously reported confers jurisdiction anew
    upon the committee to consider and report the bill subsequently
    introduced (VIII, 2311).
      A committee having jurisdiction of a subject by means of a petition
    (IV, 3365) properly referred (IV, 4361) can report on the subject
    thereof. It has generally been held that a committee may not report a
    bill whereof the subject matter has not been referred to it by the House
    (IV, 4355-4360, 4372; VII, 1029, 2101, 2102). Where a House bill is
    returned from

      Clause 2 of rule XXII prohibits the reception or consideration of
    certain private bills relating to claims, pensions, construction of
    bridges, correction of military or naval records, etc. The clause was
    expanded in the 104th Congress to prohibit introduction or consideration
    of any bill or resolution expressing a commemoration by designation of a
    specified period of time (sec. 216, H. Res. 6, Jan. 4, 1995, p. ----).

      (a) Committee on Agriculture.

    Sec. 670. Agriculture.

          (1)  Adulteration of seeds, insect
    pests, and protection of birds and animals in forest reserves.

          (2) Agriculture generally.

          (3) Agricultural and industrial chemistry.

          (4) Agricultural colleges and experiment stations.

          (5) Agricultural economics and research.

          (6) Agricultural education extension services.

          (7) Agricultural production and marketing and stabilization of
    prices of agricultural products, and commodities (not including
    distribution outside of the United States).

          (8) Animal industry and diseases of animals.

          (9) Commodities exchanges.

    [[Page 376]]

          (10) Crop insurance and soil conservation.

          (11) Dairy industry.

          (12) Entomology and plant quarantine.

          (13) Extension of farm credit and farm security.

          (14) Inspection of livestock, and poultry, and meat products, and
    seafood and seafood products.

          (15) Forestry in general, and forest reserves other than those
    created from the public domain.

          (16) Human nutrition and home economics.

          (17) Plant industry, soils, and agricultural engineering.

          (18) Rural electrification.

          (19) Rural development.

          (20) Water conservation related to activities of the Department of
    Agriculture.

      This Committee was established in 1820 (IV, 4149). In 1880 the subject
    of forestry was added to its jurisdiction, and the Committee was
    conferred authority to receive estimates of and to report appropriations
    (IV, 4149). However, on July 1, 1920, authority to report appropriations
    for the Department of Agriculture was transferred to the Committee on
    Appropriations (VII, 1860).

      The basic form of the present jurisdictional statement was made
    effective January 2, 1947, as a part of the Legislative Reorganization
    Act of 1946 (60 Stat. 812). Subparagraph (7) was altered by the 93d
    Congress, effective January 3, 1975, to include jurisdiction over
    agricultural commodities (including the Commodity Credit Corporation)
    while transferring jurisdiction over foreign distribution and
    nondomestic production of commodities to the Committee on International
    Relations (H. Res. 988, 93d Cong., Oct. 8, 1974, p. 34470).
    Nevertheless, the Committee has retained a limited jurisdiction over
    measures to release CCC stocks for such foreign distribution (Sept. 14,
    1989, p. 20428). Previously unstated jurisdictions over commodities
    exchanges and rural development were codified effective January 3, 1975.

    [[Page 377]]

      The 104th Congress consolidated the Committee's jurisdiction over
    inspection of livestock and meat products to include inspection of
    poultry, seafood, and seafood products, and added subparagraph (20)
    relating to water conservation (sec. 202(a), H. Res. 6, Jan. 4, 1995, p.
    ----).

      The Committee has had jurisdiction of bills for establishing and
    regulating the Department of Agriculture (IV, 4150), for inspection of
    livestock and meat products, regulation of animal industry, diseases of
    animals (IV, 4154; VII, 1862), adulteration of seeds, insect pests,
    protection of birds and animals in forest reserves (IV, 4157; VII,
    1870), the improvement of the breed of horses, even with the cavalry
    service in view (IV, 4158; VII, 1865).

      The Committee, having charge of the general subject of forestry, has
    reported bills relating to timber, and forest reserves other than those
    created from the public domain (IV, 4160). It has also exercised
    jurisdiction of bills: relating to agricultural colleges and experiment
    stations (IV, 4152), incorporation of agricultural societies (IV, 4159),
    and establishment of a highway commission (IV, 4153); to discourage
    fictitious and gambling transactions in farm products (IV, 4161; VII,
    1861); to regulate the transportation, sale, and handling of dogs and
    cats intended for use in research and the licensing of animal research
    facilities (July 29, 1965, p. 18691); and to designate an agricultural
    research center (May 14, 1996, p. ----). The Committee shares with the
    Committee on the Judiciary original jurisdiction over a bill
    comprehensively amending the Immigration and Nationality Act and
    including food stamp eligibility requirements for aliens (Sept. 19,
    1995, p. ----).

      The House referred the President's message dealing with the
    refinancing of farm-mortgage indebtedness to the Committee, thus
    conferring jurisdiction (Apr. 4, 1933, p. 1209).

      The Committee has jurisdiction over a bill relating solely to
    executive level positions in the Department of Agriculture (Mar. 2,
    1976, p. 4958) and has jurisdiction over bills to develop land and water
    conservation programs on private and non-Federal lands (June 7, 1976, p.
    16768).

      (b) Committee on Appropriations.

    Sec. 671a. Appropriations.

          (1)    Appropriation of the
    revenue for the support of the Government.

          (2) Rescissions of appropriations contained in appropriation Acts.

          (3) Transfers of unexpended balances.

    [[Page 378]]

    debtedness (other than indebtedness
    [in]\1\ incurred under chapter 31 of title 31 of the United States
    Code) for the repayment of which the United States is liable, the budget
    authority for which is not provided in advance by appropriation Acts;
    new entitlement authority as defined in section 3(9) of the
    Congressional Budget Act of 1974, including bills and resolutions
    (reported by other committees) which provide new entitlement authority
    as defined in section 3(9) of the Congressional Budget Act of 1974 and
    are referred to the committee under clause 4(a); authority to forego the
    collection by the United States of proprietary offsetting receipts, the
    budget authority for which is not provided in advance by appropriation
    Acts to offset such foregone receipts; and authority to make payments by
    the United States (including loans, grants, and payments from revolving
    funds) other than those covered by this subparagraph, the budget
    authority for which is not provided in advance by appropriation Acts.
    The committee shall include separate headings for ``Rescissions'' and
    ``Transfers of Unexpended Balances'' in any bill or resolution as
    reported from the committee under its jurisdiction specified in
    subparagraph (2) or (3), with all proposed rescissions and proposed
    transfers listed therein; and shall include a separate section with
    respect

    ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
          (4) The amount of new authority to enter into contracts under
    which the United States is obligated to make outlays, the budget
    authority for which is not provided in advance by appropriation Acts;
    new authority to incur in-

    [[Page 379]]

    to such rescissions or transfers in the accompanying committee
    report. In addition to its jurisdiction under the preceding provisions
    of this paragraph, the committee shall have the fiscal oversight
    function provided for in clause 2(b)(3) and the budget hearing function
    provided for in clause 4(a).
      \1\ Section 10116(a)(6) of Public Law 105-33 amended this
    provision as shown above. However, the word ``in'' probably should not
    have appeared in the matter proposed to be inserted by that public law.
    ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

      This Committee was established in 1865, when all the general
    appropriation bills were confided to its care. In 1885 a portion of the
    bills were distributed to other committees. On July 1, 1920, the
    Committee again was given jurisdiction over all appropriations by an
    amendment to the rules adopted June 1, 1920 (VII, 1741).

    Sec. 671b. Responsibilities under Budget Act.

      Effective  July
    12, 1974, special Presidential messages on rescissions and deferrals of
    budget authority submitted pursuant to sections 1012 and 1013 of the
    Impoundment Control Act of 1974 (2 U.S.C. 683-4), as well as rescission
    bills and impoundment resolutions defined in section 1011 (2 U.S.C. 682)
    and required in section 1017 (2 U.S.C. 688) to be referred to the
    ``appropriate'' committee, are referred to the Committee on
    Appropriations if the proposed rescissions or deferrals involve funds
    already appropriated or obligated. Also effective July 12, 1974, the
    Congressional Budget Act of 1974 (sec. 404(a); 88 Stat. 320) added to
    the Committee's jurisdiction, and later perfected by the Committee
    Reform Amendments of 1974 (H. Res. 988, 93d Cong., Oct. 8, 1974, p.
    34470), subparagraphs (2), (3), and (4).

      In the 95th Congress this paragraph was amended to correct a
    typographical error (H. Res. 5, Jan. 4, 1977, p. 53). Subparagraph (4)
    was amended in the 105th Congress to conform to changes made by the
    Budget Enforcement Act of 1997 (sec. 10116, P.L. 105-33).

      While this Committee has authority to report appropriations, the power
    to report legislation relating thereto belongs to other committees (IV,
    4033; clause 2 of rule XXI), and a general appropriation bill reported
    from this Committee may not contain items of appropriation not
    authorized by law or provisions amending existing law (except
    retrenchments and rescissions of appropriations) (clause 2 of rule XXI),
    and may not contain reappropriations of unexpended balances except
    within agencies (clause 6 of rule XXI). General appropriation bills may
    not be considered in the House until reports and hearings have been
    available for three days (clause 7 of rule XXI), and other reports from
    the Committee likewise may not be considered until available for the
    time prescribed in clause 2(l)(6) of rule XI.

    [[Page 380]]

    of January 9, 1945 (p. 135); and incorporated into permanent law in section
    202(b) of the Legislative Reorganization Act of 1946 (60 Stat. 812).
    This authority was first made part of the standing rules on January 3,
    1953 (pp. 17, 24), and is now listed as a general oversight
    responsibility of the Committee in clause 2(b)(3) of rule X, effective
    January 3, 1975 (H. Res. 988, 93d Cong., Oct. 8, 1974, p. 34470). The
    Committee is also authorized and directed to hold hearings on the budget
    as a whole in open session within 30 days of its submission (clause
    4(a)(1)(A) of rule X), and to study on a continuing basis provisions of
    law providing spending authority or permanent budget authority and to
    report to the House recommendations for terminating or modifying such
    provisions (clause 4(a)(3) of rule X). The requirement of section 139 of
    the Legislative Reorganization Act of 1946 (60 Stat. 812) that the
    Committees on Appropriations of the House and Senate develop a standard
    appropriation classification schedule was superseded by section 202(a)
    of the Legislative Reorganization Act of 1970 (84 Stat. 1167), which now
    imposes that responsibility upon the Secretary of the Treasury and the
    Office of Management and Budget. The further requirement of section 139
    of the 1946 Act that the Appropriations Committees study existing
    permanent appropriations and recommend which, if any, should be
    discontinued was made the responsibility of all standing committees of
    the House by clauses 4(f)(1) and (2) of rule XI, through enactment of
    section 253 of the 1970 Act (84 Stat. 1175).

      The authority to conduct studies and examinations of the organization
    and operation of executive departments and agencies was first given to
    this Committee on February 11, 1943 (p. 884); continued by resolution

      (c) Committee on Banking and Financial Services.

    Sec. 672. Banking and Financial Services.

          (1)  Banks and
    banking, including deposit insurance and Federal monetary policy.

          (2) Bank capital markets activities generally.

          (3) Depository institution securities activities generally,
    including the activities of any affiliates, except for functional
    regulation under applicable securities laws not involving safety and
    soundness.

          (4) Economic stabilization, defense production, renegotiation, and
    control of the price of commodities, rents, and services.

    [[Page 381]]

          (5) Financial aid to commerce and industry (other than
    transportation).

          (6) International finance.

          (7) International financial and monetary organizations.

          (8) Money and credit, including currency and the issuance of notes
    and redemption thereof; gold and silver, including the coinage thereof;
    valuation and revaluation of the dollar.

          (9) Public and private housing.

          (10) Urban development.

      This Committee was established in 1865 as the Committee on Banking and
    Currency (IV, 4082). In the Committee Reform Amendments of 1974,
    effective January 3, 1975, its name was changed to Banking, Currency and
    Housing (H. Res. 988, 93d Cong., Oct. 8, 1974, p. 34470). In the 95th
    Congress its name was changed to Banking, Finance and Urban Affairs (H.
    Res. 5, Jan. 4, 1977, pp. 53-70). In the 104th Congress its name was
    changed to Banking and Financial Services (sec. 202(a), H. Res. 6, Jan.
    4, 1995, p. ----).

    [[Page 382]]

    jurisdiction over the Commodity Credit Corporation was transferred to
    the Committee on Agriculture, jurisdiction over export controls and
    international economic policy to the Committee on International
    Relations, jurisdiction over construction of nursing home facilities to
    what is now the Committee on Commerce, and jurisdiction over urban mass
    transportation to what is now the Committee on Transportation and
    Infrastructure (H. Res. 988, 93d Cong., Oct. 8, 1974, p. 34470). In the
    104th Congress subparagraphs (2) and (3) were added (sec. 202(a), H.
    Res. 6, Jan. 4, 1995, p. ----).
      The Committee was given much of its present jurisdiction in the
    Legislative Reorganization Act of 1946 (60 Stat. 812), by which it
    absorbed the jurisdiction of the former Committee on Coinage, Weights,
    and Measures (created in 1864; IV, 4090), except jurisdiction over
    matters relating to the standardization of weights and measures and the
    metric system was given to the Committee on Interstate and Foreign
    Commerce and was later transferred to the Committee on Science and
    Astronautics (now Science) in the 85th Congress (H. Res. 580, July 21,
    1958, p. 14513). In the 92d Congress jurisdiction over the impact on the
    economy of tax-exempt foundations and charitable trusts was transferred
    from the Subcommittee on Foundations of the Select Committee on Small
    Business, along with all that subcommittee's files, to this Committee
    (H. Res. 320, Apr. 27, 1971, p. 12081). Prior to the end of the 93d
    Congress, the Committee had legislative jurisdiction over the problems
    of small business under its general jurisdiction over financial aid to
    commerce and industry; but with the adoption of the Committee Reform
    Amendments of 1974, effective January 3, 1975, that jurisdiction was
    transferred to the standing Committee on Small Business, the permanent
    Select Committee on Small Business was abolished, and this Committee was
    specifically given jurisdiction over Federal monetary policy, money and
    credit, urban development, economic stabilization, defense production,
    and renegotiation (the latter matter formerly within the jurisdiction of
    the Committee on Ways and Means), international finance, and
    International Financial and Monetary organizations (formerly within the
    jurisdiction of the Committee on International Relations), while

      The Committee has reported on subjects relating to the strengthening
    of public credit, issues of notes, and state taxation and redemption
    thereof (IV, 4084), propositions to maintain the parity of the money of
    the United States (IV, 4089; VII, 1792), the issue of silver
    certificates as currency (IV, 4087, 4088), national banks and current
    deposits of public money (IV, 4083; VII, 1790), the incorporation of an
    international bank (IV, 4086), subjects relating to the Freedman's Bank
    (IV, 4085), and Federal Reserve system, farm loan act, home loan bills,
    stabilization of the dollar, War Finance Corporation, Federal Reserve
    Bank buildings (VII, 1793, 1795). The Committee has jurisdiction of
    bills providing consolidation of grant-in-aid programs for urban
    development (Mar. 18, 1970, p. 7887), bills providing for U.S.
    participation in the International Development Association (Mar. 9,
    1960, p. 5046), bills to authorize GSA to acquire land in D.C. for
    transfer to the International Monetary Fund (May 1, 1962, p. 7428),
    bills relating to flood insurance (Dec. 4, 1975, p. 38701), and over an
    executive communication proposing regulations for college housing
    programs (notwithstanding that the requirement for such regulations was
    contained in higher education legislation reported from the Committee on
    Education and Labor) (June 15, 1982, p. 13638).

      (d)(1) Committee on the Budget, consisting of the following Members:

    Sec. 673a. Budget, Composition of.

           (A) Members who are
    members of other standing committees, including five Members who are
    members of the Committee on Appropriations, and five Members who are
    members of the Committee on Ways and Means;

          (B) one Member from the leadership of the majority party; and

    [[Page 383]]

    No Member other than a representative from the leadership of a party may
    serve as a member of the Committee on the Budget during more than four
    Congresses in any period of six successive Congresses (disregarding for
    this purpose any service performed as a member of such committee for
    less than a full session in any Congress), except that an incumbent
    chairman or ranking minority member having served on the committee for
    four Congresses and having served as chairman or ranking minority member
    of the committee for not more than one Congress shall be eligible for
    reelection to the committee as chairman or ranking minority member for
    one additional Congress.

          (C) one Member from the leadership of the minority party.

    Sec. 673b. Jurisdiction and duties.

          (2)  All concurrent
    resolutions on the budget (as defined in section 3 of the Congressional
    Budget Act of 1974), other matters required to be referred to the
    committee under titles III and IV of that Act, and other measures
    setting forth appropriate levels of budget totals for the United States
    Government.

          (3) Measures relating to the budget process, generally.

    [[Page 384]]

          (4) Measures relating to the establishment, extension, and
    enforcement of special controls over the Federal budget, including the
    budgetary treatment of off-budget Federal agencies and measures
    providing exemption from reduction under any order issued under part C
    of the Balanced Budget and Emergency Deficit Control Act of 1985.

          (5) The committee shall have the duty--

              (A) to report the matters required to be reported by it under
    titles III and IV of the Congressional Budget Act of 1974;

              (B) to make continuing studies of the effect on budget outlays
    of relevant existing and proposed legislation and to report the results
    of such studies to the House on a recurring basis;

              (C) to request and evaluate continuing studies of tax
    expenditures; to devise methods of coordinating tax expenditures,
    policies, and programs with direct budget outlays, and to report the
    results of such studies to the House on a recurring basis; and

              (D) to review, on a continuing basis, the conduct by the
    Congressional Budget Office of its functions and duties.

      This Committee was established in the 93d Congress, effective July 12,
    1974, by section 101 of the Congressional Budget Act of 1974 (88 Stat.
    299). The separate subpoena authority conferred upon the Committee by
    section 101(b) of that Act has been superseded by the general grant of
    subpoena authority to all committees in clause 2(m) of rule XI (H. Res.
    988, 93d Cong., Oct. 8, 1974, p. 34470). In addition to the duties
    contained in clause 1(d)(5), the Committee is also charged with the
    special oversight function of studying the effect of budget outlays on
    existing and proposed legislation, and of studying tax policies and
    coordinating them with budget outlays, and reporting to the House
    thereon (clause 3(b) of rule X); as well as the additional function set
    forth in clause 4(b) of rule X of studying programs exempt from
    inclusion in the budget and recommending termination or modification of
    such programs.

    [[Page 385]]

    amended this paragraph to remove any numerical limitation
    on the membership of the Committee (H. Res. 7, Jan. 3, 1985, p. 393).
      In the 94th Congress the membership of the Committee was increased to
    25 (from 23), with 13 (rather than 11) members elected from committees
    other than Appropriations and Ways and Means (H. Res. 5, Jan. 14, 1975,
    p. 20). The membership was increased again in the 97th Congress to 30,
    with 28 from other standing committees and two from the respective
    leaderships (H. Res. 5, Jan. 5, 1981, pp. 98-113), and again in the 98th
    Congress to 31 (unanimous consent order, Feb. 7, 1983, p. 1791). The
    99th Congress

      This paragraph was amended in the 96th Congress to relax the
    limitation on Members' service on the Committee to three Congresses
    (from two) in any period of five successive Congresses, to exempt
    representatives from the party leaderships from the limitation, and to
    permit an incumbent chairman who had served on the Committee for three
    Congresses and as chairman for not more than one Congress to be eligible
    for reelection as chairman for one additional Congress (H. Res. 5, Jan.
    15, 1979, p. 8). It was again amended in the 100th Congress to eliminate
    as obsolete the words ``beginning after 1974'' following ``any period of
    five successive Congresses'' as a measure of permissible terms of
    service on the Committee (H. Res. 5, Jan. 6, 1987, p. 6). It was further
    amended in the 101st Congress to permit, in that Congress only, a
    minority Member who had served on the Committee for three terms to run
    within his party's caucus for the position of ranking minority Member
    and thus be able to serve on the Committee for one additional Congress,
    and to permit a Member elected as ranking minority Member during his
    third term on the Committee to serve one additional term on the
    Committee should he be re-elected as the ranking minority Member (H.
    Res. 5, Jan. 3, 1989, p. 72). It was again amended in the 102d Congress
    to extend the waiver of the tenure restriction for the ranking minority
    member of the Committee (H. Res. 5, Jan. 3, 1991, p. 39), but in the
    103d Congress that provision was stricken as obsolete (H. Res. 5, Jan.
    5, 1993, p. ----). In the 104th Congress the limitation on a Member's
    service on the Committee was relaxed to four Congresses (from three) in
    any period of six successive Congresses, with the exception that a
    Member who has served as chairman or as ranking minority member during a
    fourth such Congress may serve in either capacity during a fifth, so
    long as he would not thereby exceed two consecutive terms as chairman or
    as ranking minority member (sec. 202(a), H. Res. 6, Jan. 4, 1995, p. --
    --).

    [[Page 386]]

    ernment Reform and Oversight) jurisdiction
    over budgetary treatment of off-budget Federal agencies and measures
    providing exemption from sequestration orders issued under the Balanced
    Budget and Emergency Deficit Control Act (sec. 202(a), H. Res. 6, Jan.
    4, 1995, p. ----). Three re-referrals from the Committee on Government
    Reform and Oversight to the Committee on the Budget marked this
    migration of off-budget treatment jurisdiction: (1) the Committee on the
    Budget has primary jurisdiction over a bill excluding from the budget
    the Civil Service Retirement and Disability Fund (although the Committee
    on Government Reform and Oversight retains programmatic jurisdiction
    over that Fund); (2) the Committee on the Budget has primary
    jurisdiction over a bill excluding from the budget the Highway Trust
    Fund, the Airport and Airway Trust Fund, the Inland Waterways Trust
    Fund, and the Harbor Maintenance Trust Fund (although the Committee on
    Transportation and Infrastructure retains programmatic jurisdiction);
    and (3) the Committee on the Budget has secondary jurisdiction over a
    bill amending title 49 of the United States Code and providing off-
    budget treatment for the Highway Trust Fund, the Airport and Airway
    Trust Fund, the Inland Waterways Trust Fund, and the Harbor Maintenance
    Trust Fund (Dec. 6, 1995, p. ----). In the 105th Congress the
    jurisdictional statement in subparagraph (3), previously confined to the
    congressional budget process, was broadened to encompass also the
    executive budget process formerly included in the jurisdiction of the
    Committee on Government Reform and Oversight (H. Res. 5, Jan. 7, 1997,
    p. ----).

      In the 99th Congress this paragraph was again amended by section
    232(h) of the Balanced Budget and Emergency Deficit Control Act of 1985,
    to confer jurisdiction over Senate joint or concurrent resolutions
    constituting congressional responses to a Presidential sequestration
    order issued pursuant to a report of the Comptroller General under
    section 252(b) of that Act (P.L. 99-177, Dec. 12, 1985). It was again
    amended by the Budget Enforcement Act of 1990 to conform subparagraph
    (2) to changes in the congressional budget laws (tit. XIII, P.L. 101-
    508). The 104th Congress amended the paragraph to expand the limited
    legislative jurisdiction of the Committee by: (1) adding other measures
    setting forth appropriate levels of budget totals to subparagraph (2);
    (2) granting the Committee jurisdiction over the congressional budget
    process generally in a new subparagraph (3); and (3) granting the
    Committee jurisdiction over special controls over the federal budget in
    a new subparagraph (4), including receiving from the former Committee on
    Government Operations (now Gov-

       (e) Committee on Commerce.

          (1) Biomedical research and development.

    Sec. 674. Commerce.

            (2) Consumer affairs and consumer
    protection.

          (3) Health and health facilities, except health care supported by
    payroll deductions.

          (4) Interstate energy compacts.

          (5) Interstate and foreign commerce generally.

    [[Page 387]]

          (6) Measures relating to the exploration, production, storage,
    supply, marketing, pricing, and regulation of energy resources,
    including all fossil fuels, solar energy, and other unconventional or
    renewable energy resources.

          (7) Measures relating to the conservation of energy resources.

          (8) Measures relating to energy information generally.

          (9) Measures relating to (A) the generation and marketing of power
    (except by federally chartered or Federal regional power marketing
    authorities), (B) the reliability and interstate transmission of, and
    ratemaking for, all power, and (C) the siting of generation facilities;
    except the installation of interconnections between Government
    waterpower projects.

          (10) Measures relating to general management of the Department of
    Energy, and the management and all functions of the Federal Energy
    Regulatory Commission.

          (11) National energy policy generally.

          (12) Public health and quarantine.

          (13) Regulation of the domestic nuclear energy industry, including
    regulation of research and development reactors and nuclear regulatory
    research.

          (14) Regulation of interstate and foreign communications.

          (15) Securities and exchanges.

    The committee shall have the same jurisdiction with respect to
    regulation of nuclear facilities and of use of nuclear energy as it has
    with respect to regulation of nonnuclear facilities and of use of
    nonnuclear energy. In addition to its legislative jurisdiction under the
    preceding provisions of this paragraph (and its general over-

    [[Page 388]]

    sight functions under clause 2(b)(1)), such committee shall have the special
    oversight functions provided for in clause (3)(h) with respect to all
    laws, programs, and Government activities affecting nuclear and other
    energy, and nonmilitary nuclear energy and research and development
    including the disposal of nuclear waste.

          (16) Travel and tourism.

      The Committee dates from 1795 (IV, 4096). Effective January 3, 1975
    (H. Res. 988, 93d Cong., Oct. 8, 1974, p. 34470), the name of the
    Committee was changed from Interstate and Foreign Commerce to Commerce
    and Health. Effective January 14, 1975, it was redesignated as
    Interstate and Foreign Commerce (H. Res. 5, 94th Cong., p. 20). In the
    96th Congress it was redesignated again as Energy and Commerce and given
    much of its present jurisdiction, effective January 3, 1981 (H. Res.
    549, Mar. 25, 1980, pp. 6405-10; note publication of inter-committee
    memoranda of understanding). In the 104th Congress it was redesignated
    again as the Committee on Commerce (sec. 202(a), H. Res. 6, Jan. 4,
    1995, p. ----).

    [[Page 389]]

    Science), and jurisdiction over trading with
    the enemy to the Committee on Foreign Affairs (now International
    Relations) (H. Res. 988, 93d Cong., Oct. 8, 1974, p. 34470). In the 95th
    Congress, when the legislative jurisdiction of the Joint Committee on
    Atomic Energy in the House was transferred to various standing
    committees, this Committee was given the same jurisdiction over nuclear
    energy as it had over non-nuclear energy and facilities by the addition
    of the penultimate sentence to this paragraph (H. Res. 5, Jan. 4, 1977,
    pp. 53-70). In the 96th Congress the Committee obtained specific
    jurisdiction over national energy policy generally (subpara. (11)),
    measures relating to exploration, production, storage, supply,
    marketing, pricing, and regulation of energy resources (subpara. (6)),
    measures relating to conservation of energy resources (subpara. (7)),
    measures relating to energy information generally (subpara. (8)),
    measures relating to the generation, marketing, interstate transmission
    of, and ratemaking for power as well as the siting of generation
    facilities, with certain exceptions (subpara. (9)), interstate energy
    compacts (subpara. (4)), and measures relating to general management of
    the Department of Energy and all functions of the Federal Energy
    Regulatory Commission (subpara. (10)) (H. Res. 549, Mar. 25, 1980, pp.
    6405-10). In the 104th Congress the Committee's jurisdiction over inland
    waterways and railroads (including railroad labor, retirement, and
    unemployment) was transferred to the Committee on Transportation and
    Infrastructure, and jurisdiction over measures relating to the
    commercial application of energy technology was transferred to the
    Committee on Science, while the Committee on Commerce obtained exclusive
    jurisdiction over regulation of the domestic nuclear energy industry
    (subpara. (13)) from the former Committee on Natural Resources (now
    Resources) (sec. 202(a), H. Res. 6, Jan. 4, 1995, p. ----).
      In the 74th Congress the jurisdictional statement of the Committee was
    amended to include jurisdiction over bills relating to radio; to deprive
    the Committee jurisdiction over bills relating to water transportation,
    Coast Guard, life-saving service, lighthouses, lightships, ocean
    derelicts, Coast and Geodetic Survey, and the Panama Canal; and to vest
    jurisdiction over those subjects in the former Committee on Merchant
    Marine and Fisheries (VII, 1814, 1847), but with the demise of the
    latter Committee in the 104th Congress, the latter subjects now reside
    in the jurisdiction of the Committee on Transportation and
    Infrastructure, except that the Committee on National Security has
    jurisdiction over the Panama Canal (sec. 202(a), H. Res. 6, Jan. 4,
    1995, p. ----). In the 85th Congress matters relating to the Bureau of
    Standards, standardization of weights and measures, and the metric
    system (conferred on the Committee by the Legislative Reorganization Act
    of 1946, 60 Stat. 812), were transferred to the Committee on Science and
    Astronautics (now Science) (July 21, 1958, p. 14513). In the Committee
    Reform Amendments of 1974, effective January 3, 1975, the Committee
    obtained specific jurisdiction over consumer affairs and consumer
    protection (subpara. (2)), travel and tourism (subpara. (16)), health
    and health facilities, except health care supported by payroll
    deductions (subpara. (3)) (a matter formerly within the jurisdiction of
    the Committee on Ways and Means), and biomedical research and
    development (subpara. (1)), and was released of jurisdiction over civil
    aeronautics to the Committee on Public Works and Transportation (now
    Transportation and Infrastructure), jurisdiction over civil aviation
    research and development, energy and environmental research and
    development, and the National Weather Service to the Committee on
    Science and Technology (now

      The Committee has the special oversight responsibility under clause
    3(h) of rule X as well as the general oversight responsibility required
    by clause 2(b). This special oversight responsibility was expanded in
    the 96th Congress to include all energy, effective January 3, 1981 (H.
    Res. 549, Mar. 25, 1980, pp. 6405-10). In the 104th Congress it was
    again expanded to include nonmilitary nuclear energy and research and
    development including the disposal of nuclear waste (sec. 202(a), H.
    Res. 6, Jan. 4, 1995, p. ----), though a conforming change in clause
    3(h) was inadvertently omitted.

      The Committee formerly reported the river and harbor appropriation
    bill, but in 1883 a Committee on Rivers and Harbors was created for that
    role (IV, 4096), and since the 66th Congress such appropriations have
    been reported by the Committee on Appropriations.

    [[Page 390]]

    national congress of hygiene, etc. (IV, 4111), bills
    declaring as to whether or not streams are navigable and for preventing
    or regulating hindrances to navigation (IV, 4101; VII, 1810), such as
    bridges (IV, 4099; VII, 1812) and dams, except such bridges and dams as
    are a part of river improvements (IV, 4100; VII, 1810). This Committee
    formerly had jurisdiction of bills proposing construction of bridges
    across navigable streams which are now banned (Sec. 852; see also
    General Bridge Act, 33 U.S.C. 525, 533).
      The Committee has general jurisdiction of bills affecting domestic and
    foreign commerce, except such as may affect the revenue (IV, 4097). It
    also has jurisdiction of bills authorizing the construction of marine
    hospitals and the acquisition of sites therefor (IV, 4110; VII, 1816),
    the general subjects of quarantine and the establishment of quarantine
    stations (IV, 4109), health, spread of leprosy and other contagious
    diseases, inter-

      Before the 104th Congress the Committee considered bills regulating
    railroads in their interstate commerce relations (IV, 414) and exercised
    jurisdiction with the Committees on Education and Labor (now Education
    and the Workforce) and Public Works and Transportation (now
    Transportation and Infrastructure) over bills providing labor
    protections to workers in the transportation industry, including
    railroad employees (Feb. 24, 1993, p. ----). The Committee considers
    bills relating to commercial travelers as agents of interstate commerce
    and the branding of articles going into such commerce (IV, 4115), the
    prevention of the carriage of indecent and harmful pictures or
    literature (IV, 4116), the adulteration and misbranding of foods and
    drugs (IV, 4112), and protection of game through prohibition of
    interstate transportation (IV, 4117). The Committee has jurisdiction
    over bills imposing safety standards on motor vehicles purchased by the
    U.S. Government (Feb. 16, 1959, p. 2420), bills creating civil remedies
    for false advertising or other violations of commercial ethics (June 4,
    1962, p. 9601), and bills to assist financing of the Arctic Winter Games
    in Alaska (June 7, 1972, p. 19935). The Committee has exercised
    jurisdiction, with the Committee on Banking, Finance and Urban Affairs
    (now Banking and Financial Services), over a bill to amend the Federal
    Reserve Act to impose reserve requirements on the assets of ``open-end
    investment companies'' that offer their depositors accounts transacted
    by negotiable instrument (Mar. 18, 1981, p. 4610), as well as over a
    Developmental Disabilities Assistance and Bill of Rights Act that
    focused on health matters rather than job training (June 1, 1981, p.
    11028, Nov. 3, 1993, p. ----). In the 94th Congress, the Committee
    gained jurisdiction over bills amending the Lead-Based Paint Poisoning
    Prevention Act and bills dealing with nursing home construction as
    public health matters (June 10, 1975, p. 18009).

      (f) Committee on Education and the Workforce.

          (1) Child labor.

    Sec. 675. Education and the Workforce.

            (2) Columbia
    Institution for the Deaf, Dumb, and Blind; Howard University; Freedmen's
    Hospital.

    [[Page 391]]

          (3) Convict labor and the entry of goods made by convicts into
    interstate commerce.

          (4) Food programs for children in schools.

          (5) Labor standards and statistics.

          (6) Measures relating to education or labor generally.

          (7) Mediation and arbitration of labor disputes.

          (8) Regulation or prevention of importation of foreign laborers
    under contract.

          (9) United States Employees' Compensation Commission.

          (10) Vocational rehabilitation.

          (11) Wages and hours of labor.

          (12) Welfare of miners.

    In addition to its legislative jurisdiction under the preceding
    provisions of this paragraph (and its general oversight function under
    clause 2(b)(1)), the committee shall have the special oversight function
    provided for in clause 3(c) with respect to domestic educational
    programs and institutions, and programs of student assistance, which are
    within the jurisdiction of other committees.

          (13) Work incentive programs.

      This Committee was established as the Committee on Education and Labor
    on January 2, 1947, as part of the Legislative Reorganization Act of
    1946 (60 Stat. 812), combining the Committee on Education (created in
    1867, IV, 4242) and the Committee on Labor (created in 1883, IV, 4244).
    When it was redesignated as the Committee on Economic and Educational
    Opportunities in the 104th Congress, the jurisdictional statement
    remained unchanged except by the combination of labor standards and
    labor statistics in a single subparagraph (5) (sec. 202(a), H. Res. 6,
    Jan. 4, 1995, p. ----). In the 105th Congress the Committee was again
    redesignated as the Committee on Education and the Workforce (H. Res. 5,
    Jan. 7, 1997, p. ----).

    [[Page 392]]

    in schools, an expansion of earlier jurisdiction over school-lunch programs
    (subpara. (4)), work incentive programs (subpara. (13)), and Indian
    education, a matter formerly within the specific jurisdiction of the
    Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs (now Resources); jurisdiction
    of the Committee over international education matters was specifically
    transferred to the Committee on Foreign Affairs (now International
    Relations); and its special oversight function was inserted in clause
    3(c) of rule X (H. Res. 988, 93d Cong., Oct. 8, 1974, p. 34470).
      By the Committee Reform Amendments of 1974, effective January 3, 1975,
    the Committee gained jurisdiction over food programs for children

      The Columbia Institute for the Deaf, Dumb, and Blind was renamed
    ``Gallaudet College'' (68 Stat. 265), and Freedmen's Hospital is now a
    part of Howard University. The jurisdiction of this Committee over
    education and vocational rehabilitation does not include those subjects
    as they relate to veterans, which fall under the jurisdiction of the
    Committee on Veterans' Affairs.

      The Committee has jurisdiction over bills dealing with juvenile
    delinquency (Jan. 22, 1959, p. 1027), runaway youth (July 12, 1973, p.
    23633; Sept. 10, 1973, p. 28970), human services programs administered
    by HEW (June 21, 1972, p. 21733), education of Indians (Apr. 15, 1975,
    p. 10247; June 10, 1991, p. 14049), and compensation for work injuries
    to Federal employees (Apr. 16, 1975, p. 10339); over bills amending the
    Community Services Block Grant Act to continue anti-poverty programs
    originally authorized by the Economic Opportunity Act of 1964 (Nov. 4,
    1993, p. ----); and over an executive communication proposing draft
    legislation to amend the Labor Management Relations Act and the Employee
    Retirement Income Security Act (Mar. 24, 1983, p. 7402). The Committee
    shares with the Committee on the Judiciary original jurisdiction over a
    bill comprehensively amending the Immigration and Nationality Act and
    including provisions addressing the enforcement of labor laws (Sept. 19,
    1995, p. ----).

      (g) Committee on Government Reform and Oversight.

    Sec. 676. Government Reform and Oversight.

          (1)  The
    Federal Civil Service, including intergovernmental personnel; the status
    of officers and employees of the United States, including their
    compensation, classification, and retirement.

          (2) Measures relating to the municipal affairs of the District of
    Columbia in general, other than appropriations.

          (3) Federal paperwork reduction.

    [[Page 393]]

          (4) Government management and accounting measures, generally.

          (5) Holidays and celebrations.

          (6) The overall economy, efficiency and management of Government
    operations and activities, including Federal procurement.

          (7) National archives.

          (8) Population and demography generally, including the Census.

          (9) Postal service generally, including the transportation of the
    mails.

          (10) Public information and records.

          (11) Relationship of the Federal Government to the States and
    municipalities generally.

    In addition to its legislative jurisdiction under the preceding
    provisions of this paragraph (and its oversight functions under clause
    2(b)(1) and (2)), the committee shall have the function of performing
    the duties and conducting the studies which are provided for in clause
    4(c).

          (12) Reorganizations in the executive branch of the Government.

      In the 82d Congress the name of this Committee was changed from
    Expenditures in the Executive Departments to Government Operations (July
    3, 1952, p. 9217). In the 104th Congress it was again changed to
    Government Reform and Oversight (sec. 202(a), H. Res. 6, Jan. 4, 1995,
    p. ----). The former Committee on Expenditures in the Executive
    Departments was established December 5, 1927 (VII, 2041), and took the
    place of 11 separate committees on expenditures in the several executive
    departments. The first of these committees was established in 1816, and
    others were added as new departments were created (IV, 4315). They
    reported bills relating to the efficiency and integrity of the public
    service (IV, 4320), and creation and abolition of offices (IV, 4318).

    [[Page 394]]

    former Committee on Post Office and Civil
    Service) (H. Res. 988, 93d Cong., Oct. 8, 1974, p. 34470). In the 104th
    Congress (sec. 202(a), H. Res. 6, Jan. 4, 1995, p. ----), the Committee
    assumed the jurisdictions of the former Committee on the District of
    Columbia (subpara. (2)) and the former Committee on Post Office and
    Civil Service except that relating to the Franking Commission (subparas.
    (1), (5), (8), and (9)); and subparagraphs (3) and (10) were added to
    clarify existing jurisdiction. At the same time the Committee's
    jurisdiction over measures relating to off-budget treatment of agencies
    or programs, which had been added by the Balanced Budget and Emergency
    Deficit Control Act of 1985 (P.L. 99-177, Dec. 12, 1985), was
    transferred to the Committee on the Budget. Three re-referrals from the
    Committee on Government Reform and Oversight to the Committee on the
    Budget marked this migration of off-budget treatment jurisdiction: (1)
    the Committee on the Budget has primary jurisdiction over a bill
    excluding from the budget the Civil Service Retirement and Disability
    Fund (although the Committee on Government Reform and Oversight retains
    programmatic jurisdiction over that Fund); (2) the Committee on the
    Budget has primary jurisdiction over a bill excluding from the budget
    the Highway Trust Fund, the Airport and Airway Trust Fund, the Inland
    Waterways Trust Fund, and the Harbor Maintenance Trust Fund (although
    the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure retains programmatic
    jurisdiction); and (3) the Committee on the Budget has secondary
    jurisdiction over a bill amending title 49 of the United States Code and
    providing off-budget treatment for the Highway Trust Fund, the Airport
    and Airway Trust Fund, the Inland Waterways Trust Fund, and the Harbor
    Maintenance Trust Fund (Dec. 6, 1995, p. ----). The Committee was also
    released from jurisdiction over measures relating to exemptions from
    executive orders sequestering budget authority, which had been added by
    the Budget Enforcement Act of 1990 (tit. XIII, P.L. 101-508). In the
    105th Congress any residual jurisdiction over budget process was
    transferred to the Committee on the Budget (H. Res. 5, Jan. 7, 1997, p.
    ----). The 104th Congress assigned the Committee its responsibilities to
    coordinate committee oversight plans under clause 2(d)(3) (sec. 203(a),
    H. Res. 6, Jan. 4, 1995, p. ----). In the 104th Congress the Committee
    was also given the responsibility to consider and report recommendations
    concerning alternatives to commemorative legislation, although no such
    report was made to the House (sec. 216(b), H. Res. 6, Jan. 4, 1995, p.
    ----).
      In addition to the jurisdiction vested in the Committee by the
    Legislative Reorganization Act of 1946 (60 Stat. 812), the Committee
    Reform Amendments of 1974, effective January 3, 1975, assigned the
    Committee jurisdiction over measures relating to the overall economy and
    efficiency of Government operations and activities, including Federal
    procurement, intergovernmental relationships, and general revenue
    sharing (the latter from the Committee on Ways and Means), and the
    National Archives (from the

    [[Page 395]]

    a measure redesignating a general-
    purpose federal building as a post office (Apr. 24, 1997, p. ----). The
    Committee has exercised jurisdiction over countercyclical programs of
    revenue-sharing grants to State and local governments, such as that
    contained in Title II of the Public Works Employment Act of 1976 (Feb.
    1, 1977, p. 3057). The Committee shares jurisdiction over a bill to
    facilitate the reorganization of an agency by instituting a separation
    pay program to encourage eligible employees to voluntarily resign or
    retire (Aug. 2, 1993, p. ----).
      The Committee has exercised jurisdiction of bills: establishing the
    Rural Electrification Administration as an independent agency and
    transferring certain functions thereto (Mar. 19, 1959, p. 4692);
    establishing a Commission on Population Growth (Sept. 23, 1969, p.
    26568); establishing a Cabinet Committee on Opportunities for Spanish-
    Speaking Americans (Nov. 24, 1969, p. 35509); providing payment of
    travel costs for Federal employment applicants (Feb. 15, 1967, p. 3466);
    and a bill to rename an existing post office building (Aug. 4, 1995, p.
    ----). The Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure, and not this
    Committee, has jurisdiction over

      The specific subpoena authority conferred upon the Committee in the
    standing rules on February 10, 1947 (p. 942) was superseded by the
    general conferral of subpoena authority on all committees in clause 2(m)
    of rule XI. By the Committee Reform Amendments of 1974, effective
    January 3, 1975, the Committee was given the general function under
    clause 4(c)(1) of examining and reporting upon reports of the
    Comptroller General, evaluating laws reorganizing the legislative and
    executive branches, and studying intergovernmental relationships
    domestically and with international organizations to which the United
    States belongs (H. Res. 988, 93d Cong., Oct. 8, 1974, p. 34470).

      (h) Committee on House Oversight.

    Sec. 677a. House Oversight.

          (1)  Appropriations from
    accounts for committee salaries and expenses (except for the Committee
    on Appropriations), House Information Resources, and allowances and
    expenses of Members, House officers and administrative offices of the
    House.

          (2) Auditing and settling of all accounts described in
    subparagraph (1).

          (3) Employment of persons by the House, including clerks for
    Members and committees, and reporters of debates.

    [[Page 396]]

          (4) Except as provided in clause 1(q)(11), matters relating to the
    Library of Congress and the House Library; statuary and pictures;
    acceptance or purchase of works of art for the Capitol; the Botanic
    Gardens; management of the Library of Congress; purchase of books and
    manuscripts.

          (5) Except as provided in clause 1(q)(11), matters relating to the
    Smithsonian Institution and the incorporation of similar institutions.

          (6) Expenditure of accounts described in subparagraph (1).

          (7) Franking Commission.

          (8) Matters relating to printing and correction of the
    Congressional Record.

          (9) Measures relating to accounts of the House generally.

          (10) Measures relating to assignment of office space for Members
    and committees.

          (11) Measures relating to the disposition of useless executive
    papers.

          (12) Measures relating to the election of the President, Vice
    President, or Members of Congress; corrupt practices; contested
    elections; credentials and qualifications; and Federal elections
    generally.

          (13) Measures relating to services to the House, including the
    House Restaurant, parking facilities and administration of the House
    office buildings and of the House wing of the Capitol.

          (14) Measures relating to the travel of Members of the House.

    [[Page 397]]

          (15) Measures relating to the raising, reporting and use of
    campaign contributions for candidates for office of Representative in
    the House of Representatives, of Delegate, and of Resident Commissioner
    to the United States from Puerto Rico.

    In addition to its legislative jurisdiction under the preceding
    provisions of this paragraph (and its general oversight function under
    clause 2(b)(1)), the committee shall have the function of performing the
    duties which are provided for in clause 4(d).

          (16) Measures relating to the compensation, retirement and other
    benefits of the Members, officers, and employees of the Congress.

      This Committee was created as the Committee on House Administration on
    January 2, 1947, as a part of the Legislative Reorganization Act of 1946
    (60 Stat. 812), combining the Committees on Accounts (created in 1803,
    IV, 4328), Enrolled Bills (created in 1789, IV, 4350), Disposition of
    Executive Papers (created in 1889, IV, 4419), Printing (created in
    1846), Elections (created in 1794 and divided into three committees in
    1895, IV, 4019), Election of President, Vice President, and
    Representatives in Congress (created in 1893, IV, 4299), and Memorials
    (created January 3, 1929, VII, 2080).

      The Committee was redesignated as the Committee on House Oversight in
    the 104th Congress, obtaining from the former Committee on Post Office
    and Civil Service jurisdiction over the Franking Commission (also known
    as the House Commission on Congressional Mailing Standards) in
    subparagraph (7), while transferring to the Committee on Resources
    jurisdiction over erection of monuments to the memory of individuals
    (sec. 202(a), H. Res. 6, Jan. 4, 1995, p. ----). References in
    subparagraphs (1) and (2) to the ``contingent fund'' were eliminated
    without changing the Committee's jurisdiction over the accounts that the
    fund comprised. In the 105th Congress subparagraph (1) was amended to
    effect a technical correction (H. Res. 5, Jan. 7, 1997, p. ----).

    Sec. 677b. House facilities.

      The  Committee has jurisdiction
    over measures relating to the House Restaurant, which was first under
    the jurisdiction of the former Committee on Accounts, then under the
    supervision of the Architect of the Capitol (H. Res. 590, 76th Cong.,
    Sept. 5, 1940, p. 11552, as made permanent law by P.L. 76-812, 40 U.S.C.
    174k), and then under the supervision of the Select Committee on the
    House Restaurant (H. Res. 472, 91st Cong., July 10, 1969, p. 19080; H.
    Res. 111, 93d Cong., Feb. 7, 1973), which was not re-established after
    the 93d Congress.

    [[Page 398]]

    the Committee was given jurisdiction over campaign contributions to
    candidates for the House, a matter formerly within the jurisdiction of
    the Committee on Standards of Official Conduct (subpara. (15)), and over
    compensation, retirement, and other benefits of Members, officers, and
    employees of Congress (subpara. (16)) (H. Res. 5, Jan. 14, 1975, p. 20).
      By the Committee Reform Amendments of 1974, effective January 3, 1975,
    the Committee obtained jurisdiction over parking facilities of the
    House, a matter formerly assigned to a select committee (subpara. (13))
    (H. Res. 988, 93d Cong., Oct. 8, 1974, p. 34470). In the 94th Congress

      The Committee has jurisdiction over resolutions authorizing committees
    to employ additional professional and clerical personnel (Feb. 7, 1966,
    p. 2373). The Committee has supervisory authority over the House barber
    shops, beauty shops, House Information Resources, and the Office of
    Placement and Management (the latter formerly within the jurisdiction of
    the former Joint Committee on Congressional Operations and of the former
    Select Committee on Congressional Operations).

    Sec. 677c. Enrolled bills.

      The  Committee has absorbed the
    Committee on Enrolled Bills which was established in 1789 by a joint
    rule of the two Houses. This rule lapsed in 1876 with the other joint
    rules; but in 1880 the rules of the House were amended to recognize the
    joint committee (IV, 4350, 4416; VII, 2099). The Committee and the
    Secretary of the Senate make comparisons of bills of their respective
    Houses for enrollment, and the two cooperate in the interchange of bills
    for signature.

    Sec. 677d. Library.

      Under  the Reorganization Act the
    Committee has jurisdiction of some of the subjects formerly within the
    jurisdiction of the Joint Committee on the Library, such as matters
    relating to the Library of Congress and the House Library, statuary and
    pictures, acceptance or purchase of works of art for the Capitol, the
    Botanic Gardens, management of the Library of Congress, purchase of
    books and manuscripts, matters relating to the Smithsonian Institution,
    and the incorporation of similar institutions. Excepted are measures
    relating to the construction or reconstruction, maintenance, and care of
    the buildings and grounds of the Botanic Gardens, the Library of
    Congress, and the Smithsonian Institution, which fall under the
    jurisdiction of the Committee on Transportation (now Transportation and
    Infrastructure). The House Members of the Joint Committee on the
    Library, provided for by law (2 U.S.C. 132b), are elected by resolution
    each Congress.

    Sec. 677e. Congressional Record.

      The  Committee has
    jurisdiction of matters relating to printing and correction of the
    Congressional Record, formerly within the jurisdiction of the Committee
    on Printing. The House Members of the Joint Committee on Printing,
    provided for by law (44 U.S.C. 1), are elected by resolution each
    Congress.

    [[Page 399]]

      The Committee has jurisdiction of measures relating to the election of
    the President, Vice President, or Members of Congress; corrupt
    practices; contested elections; credentials and qualifications; Federal
    elections generally, and the Electoral count, which formerly was within
    the jurisdiction of a Committee on Election of the President, Vice
    President, and Representatives in Congress (IV, 4303).

      The special oversight function in clause 4(d)(1) of examining enrolled
    bills was assigned to the Committee by the Committee Reform amendments
    of 1974, effective January 3, 1975 (H. Res. 988, 93d Cong., Oct. 8,
    1974, p. 34470), but its former responsibility to report on Members'
    travel has been supplanted by the function of providing policy direction
    to and oversight of the Clerk, Sergeant-at-Arms, Chief Administrative
    Officer, and Inspector General (sec. 201(e), H. Res. 6, Jan. 4, 1995, p.
    ----; see rules III, IV, V, and VI and Sec. 697c, infra).

      (i) Committee on International Relations.

    Sec. 678. International Relations.

          (1)  Relations of the
    United States with foreign nations generally.

          (2) Acquisition of land and buildings for embassies and legations
    in foreign countries.

          (3) Establishment of boundary lines between the United States and
    foreign nations.

          (4) Export controls, including nonproliferation of nuclear
    technology and nuclear hardware.

          (5) Foreign loans.

          (6) International commodity agreements (other than those involving
    sugar), including all agreements for cooperation in the export of
    nuclear technology and nuclear hardware.

          (7) International conferences and congresses.

          (8) International education.

          (9) Intervention abroad and declarations of war.

          (10) Measures relating to the diplomatic service.

    [[Page 400]]

          (11) Measures to foster commercial intercourse with foreign
    nations and to safeguard American business interests abroad.

          (12) Measures relating to international economic policy.

          (13) Neutrality.

          (14) Protection of American citizens abroad and expatriation.

          (15) The American National Red Cross.

          (16) Trading with the enemy.

    In addition to its legislative jurisdiction under the preceding
    provisions of this paragraph (and its general oversight function under
    clause 2(b)(1)), the committee shall have the special oversight
    functions provided for in clause 3(d) with respect to customs
    administration, intelligence activities relating to foreign policy,
    international financial and monetary organizations, and international
    fishing agreements.

          (17) United Nations organizations.

      This Committee was established in 1822 (IV, 4162), and from 1885 to
    1920 had authority to report appropriations. In the 94th Congress the
    name of the Committee was changed from Foreign Affairs to International
    Relations (H. Res. 163, Mar. 19, 1975, p. 7343). In the 96th Congress it
    was changed back to Foreign Affairs (H. Res. 89, Feb. 5, 1979, pp. 1848-
    49). In the 104th Congress the name was again changed to International
    Relations (sec. 202(a), H. Res. 6, Jan. 4, 1995, p. ----).

    [[Page 401]]

    1974, p. 34470). When
    the legislative jurisdiction in the House of the Joint Committee on
    Atomic Energy was abolished in the 95th Congress (H. Res. 5, Jan. 4,
    1977, pp. 53-70), the Committee was given jurisdiction over
    nonproliferation of nuclear technology and hardware (subpara. (4)), and
    over international agreements on nuclear exports (subpara. (6)).
      In addition to the jurisdiction vested in the Committee by the
    Legislative Reorganization Act of 1946 (60 Stat. 812), the Committee
    Reform Amendments of 1974, effective January 3, 1975, gave the Committee
    jurisdiction over measures relating to: international economic policy
    (subpara. (12)) and export controls (subpara. (4)), matters formerly
    within the jurisdiction of the Committee on Banking and Currency (now
    Banking and Financial Services); international commodity agreements
    other than sugar (subpara. (6)), formerly within the jurisdiction of the
    Committee on Agriculture; trading with the enemy (subpara. (16)),
    formerly within the jurisdiction of the Committee on Interstate and
    Foreign Commerce (now Commerce); and international education (subpara.
    (8)); while transferring jurisdiction over international financial and
    monetary organizations to the Committee on Banking and Currency (now
    Banking and Financial Services), and jurisdiction over international
    fishing agreements to the Committee on Merchant Marine and Fisheries
    (now Resources) (H. Res. 988, 93d Cong., Oct. 8,

      It has a broad jurisdiction over foreign relations, including bills to
    establish boundary lines between the United States and foreign nations,
    to determine naval strengths, and to regulate bridges and dams on
    international waters (IV, 4166; see also the ``General Bridge Act,'' 33
    U.S.C. 525, 533), for the protection of American citizens abroad and
    expatriation (IV, 4169; VII, 1883), for extradition with foreign
    nations, for international arbitration, relating to violations of
    neutrality (IV, 4178a), international conferences and congresses (IV,
    4177; VII, 1884), the incorporation of the American National Red Cross
    and protection of its insignia (IV, 4173), intervention abroad and
    declarations of war (IV, 4164; VII 1880), affairs of the consular
    service, including acquisition of land and buildings for legations in
    foreign capitals (IV, 4163; VII, 1879), creation of courts of the United
    States in foreign countries (IV, 4167), treaty regulations as to
    protection of fur seals (IV, 4170), matters relating to the Philippines
    (see 60 Stat. 315), and measures establishing a District of Columbia
    corporation to support private American organizations engaged in
    communications with foreign nations (June 21, 1971, p. 21062).

      The Committee has also considered measures for fostering commercial
    intercourse with foreign nations and for safeguarding American business
    interests abroad (IV, 4175), and even the subjects of commercial
    treaties and reciprocal arrangements (IV, 4174), although in later
    practice the Committee on Ways and Means has considered such matters
    (IV, 4021). The Committee has exercised a general but not exclusive
    jurisdiction over legislation relating to claims having international
    relations (IV, 4168; VII, 1882). Pursuant to its jurisdiction over
    international education, the Committee (and not former Committee on
    Education and Labor) has exercised jurisdiction over bills establishing
    scholarship programs for foreign students (May 10, 1988, p. 10305). The
    Committee has jurisdiction over a communication from the President
    notifying the House, consistent with the War Powers Resolution, of the
    deployment abroad of U.S. armed forces to participate in an embargo
    against another nation (Nov. 4, 1993, p. ----).

      The special oversight function of the Committee set forth in clause
    3(d) of rule X was made effective January 3, 1975 (H. Res. 988, 93d
    Cong., Oct. 8, 1974, p. 34470).

      (j) Committee on the Judiciary.

    Sec. 679a. Judiciary.

          (1)   The judiciary and judicial
    proceedings, civil and criminal.

          (2) Administrative practice and procedure.

    [[Page 402]]

          (3) Apportionment of Representatives.

          (4) Bankruptcy, mutiny, espionage, and counterfeiting.

          (5) Civil liberties.

          (6) Constitutional amendments.

          (7) Federal courts and judges, and local courts in the Territories
    and possessions.

          (8) Immigration and naturalization.

          (9) Interstate compacts, generally.

          (10) Measures relating to claims against the United States.

          (11) Meetings of Congress, attendance of Members and their
    acceptance of incompatible offices.

          (12) National penitentiaries.

          (13) Patents, the Patent Office, copyrights, and trademarks.

          (14) Presidential succession.

          (15) Protection of trade and commerce against unlawful restraints
    and monopolies.

          (16) Revision and codification of the Statutes of the United
    States.

          (17) State and territorial boundaries.

    Sec. 679b. Internal Security.

          (18)   Subversive
    activities affecting the internal security of the United States.

    [[Page 403]]

    the Committee on Internal Security was abolished and
    jurisdiction over communist and other subversive activities affecting
    the internal security of the United States was transferred to this
    Committee (subpara. (18)) (H. Res. 5, Jan. 14, 1975, p. 20), though an
    accompanying provision for the transfer of records and staff of the
    Internal Security Committee to the Judiciary Committee was deleted as
    obsolete in the 95th Congress (H. Res. 5, Jan. 4, 1977, pp. 53-70), and
    the specific reference to communism was deleted as unnecessary in the
    104th Congress (sec. 202(a), H. Res. 6, Jan. 4, 1995, p. ----). The
    104th Congress also inserted ``the judiciary'' in subparagraph (1);
    added subparagraph (2) for clarification; combined former subparagraphs
    (6) and (9) in a new subparagraph (7); and combined former subparagraphs
    (13) and (14) in a new subparagraph (13) (sec. 202(a), H. Res. 6, Jan.
    4, 1995, p. ----).
      This Committee dates from 1813 (IV, 4054). The essential jurisdiction
    defined in the rule was made effective January 2, 1947, as a part of the
    Legislative Reorganization Act of 1946 (60 Stat. 812), and combined the
    Committees on Revision of Laws (created 1868, IV, 4293), Patents
    (created in 1837, IV, 4254), Immigration and Naturalization (created in
    1893, IV, 4309), Claims (created in 1794, IV, 4262), and War Claims
    (created in 1883, IV, 4269). By the Committee Reform Amendments of 1974,
    effective January 3, 1975, the Committee's jurisdiction over holidays
    and celebrations was transferred to the former Committee on Post Office
    and Civil Service (now under the Committee on Government Reform and
    Oversight) (H. Res. 988, 93d Cong., Oct. 8, 1974, p. 34470). In the 94th
    Congress

      Under subparagraph (14) the Committee has jurisdiction over
    Presidential nominations to fill vacancies in the office of Vice
    President, submitted pursuant to the 25th amendment to the Constitution
    (Oct. 13, 1973, p. 34032; Aug. 20, 1974, p. 29366). The Committee has
    reported Articles of Impeachment of the President (Aug. 20, 1974, pp.
    29219-81). Where the House has voted impeachment, members of the
    Committee have been appointed as managers on the part of the House in
    presenting the charges to the Senate for trial (H. Res. 501, 99th Cong.,
    July 22, 1986, p. 17306; H. Res. 511, 100th Cong., Aug. 3, 1988, p.
    20223; H. Res. 12, 101st Cong., Jan. 3, 1989, p. 84).

      The Committee on the Judiciary considers charges against judges of the
    Federal courts (IV, 4062), legislative propositions relating to the
    service of the Department of Justice (IV, 4067), bills relating to local
    courts in the District of Columbia, Alaska, and the Territories (IV,
    4068), the establishment of a court of patent appeals (IV, 4075),
    relations of labor to courts and corporations (IV, 4072), crimes,
    penalties, extradition (IV, 4069; VII, 1747), construction and
    management of national penitentiaries (IV, 4070), matters relating to
    trusts and corporations (IV, 4057, 4059, 4060; VII, 1764), claims of
    States against the United States (IV, 4080), general legislation
    relating to international and other claims (IV, 4078, 4079, 4081),
    including measures extending the terms of members of the Foreign Claims
    Settlement Commission (Nov. 14, 1991, p. 32130), bills relating to the
    office of President (IV, 4077), to the flag (IV, 4055), bankruptcy (IV,
    4065), removal of political disabilities (IV, 4058), prohibition of
    traffic in intoxicating liquors (IV, 4061; VII, 1773), mutiny and
    willful destruction of vessels (IV, 4145), counterfeiting (IV, 4071;
    VII, 1753), settlement of State and Territorial boundary lines (IV,
    4060; VII, 1768), meeting of Congress and attendance of Members and
    their acceptance of incompatible offices (IV, 4077, VI, 65).

    [[Page 404]]

    cally exercised jurisdiction over lobbying activities, the
    Committee on Standards of Official Conduct was assigned such
    jurisdiction during a brief period (H. Res. 1031, 91st Cong., July 8,
    1970, p. 23141; H. Res. 5, 94th Cong., Jan. 14, 1975, p. 20).
      The Committee also has jurisdiction over joint resolutions proposing
    amendments to the Constitution (IV, 4056; VII, 1779). It also reports on
    important questions of law relating to subjects naturally within the
    jurisdiction of other committees (IV, 4063). Although the Committee has
    histori-

      The Committee also has jurisdiction over bills regulating the
    authority of States to impose taxes on interstate commerce (June 18,
    1959, p. 11317), imposing conflict of interest standards and civil and
    criminal penalties relating thereto on government employees (Feb. 25,
    1960, p. 3484), establishing an Academy of Criminal Justice (Apr. 5,
    1965, p. 6822), to eliminate racketeering in the interstate sale of
    cigarettes (Feb. 9, 1972, p. 3429), providing workmen's compensation for
    non-Federal firemen killed during civil disorder (May 6, 1968, p.
    11798), authorizing the Attorney General to consent to a modification of
    a certain trust on behalf of the Library of Congress (Aug. 17, 1959, p.
    16051), amending an omnibus pension act to increase the amount of
    pension granted a certain class of persons (Feb. 15, 1960, p. 2523), and
    imposing criminal sanctions under the Controlled Substances Act (Nov.
    14, 1983, p. 32457). The Committee has exclusive jurisdiction over the
    Legal Services Corporation (Nov. 19, 1975, p. 37288) and over the
    extension of workmen's benefits to non-Federal policemen and firemen
    (Dec. 12, 1975, p. 40204). The Committee has exercised jurisdiction,
    with the Committee on Education and Labor (now Education and the
    Workforce), over bills to amend the Walsh-Healey Act regarding hours of
    work under government contracts (May 15, 1985, p. 11946). This
    Committee, and not the Committee on Public Works and Transportation (now
    Transportation and Infrastructure), exercised jurisdiction over a bill
    extending the authority for the Marshal of the Supreme Court and the
    Supreme Court Police to protect the Chief Justice, Associate Justices,
    officers, and employees of the Supreme Court beyond its building and
    grounds (Nov. 22, 1993, p. ----).

      The Committee has the general oversight responsibility set forth in
    clause 2(b).

      (k) Committee on National Security.

    Sec. 680. National Security.

          (1)  Ammunition depots;
    forts; arsenals; Army, Navy, and Air Force reservations and
    establishments.

          (2) Common defense generally.

          (3) Conservation, development, and use of naval petroleum and oil
    shale reserves.

    [[Page 405]]

          (4) The Department of Defense generally, including the Departments
    of the Army, Navy, and Air Force generally.

          (5) Interoceanic canals generally, including measures relating to
    the maintenance, operation, and administration of interoceanic canals.

          (6) Merchant Marine Academy, and State Maritime Academies.

          (7) Military applications of nuclear energy.

          (8) Tactical intelligence and intelligence related activities of
    the Department of Defense.

          (9) National security aspects of merchant marine, including
    financial assistance for the construction and operation of vessels, the
    maintenance of the U.S. shipbuilding and ship repair industrial base,
    cabotage, cargo preference and merchant marine officers and seamen as
    these matters relate to the national security.

          (10) Pay, promotion, retirement, and other benefits and privileges
    of members of the armed forces.

          (11) Scientific research and development in support of the armed
    services.

          (12) Selective service.

          (13) Size and composition of the Army, Navy, Marine Corps, and Air
    Force.

          (14) Soldiers' and sailors' homes.

    In addition to its legislative jurisdiction under the preceding
    provisions of this paragraph (and its general oversight function under
    clause 2(b)(1)), the committee shall have the special oversight function
    provided for in clause 3(a)

    [[Page 406]]

    with respect to international arms control
    and disarmament, and military dependents education.

          (15) Strategic and critical materials necessary for the common
    defense.

      This Committee was established January 2, 1947, as a part of the
    Legislative Reorganization Act of 1946 (60 Stat. 812), combining the
    Committee on Military Affairs with the Committee on Naval Affairs, both
    of which had been created in 1822 (IV, 4179, 4189) and had had
    jurisdiction over appropriations from 1885 to 1920 (IV, 4179, 4189; VII,
    1741). The Committee was redesignated the Committee on National Security
    in the 104th Congress (sec. 202(a), H. Res. 6, Jan. 4, 1995, p. ----).

      Much of the present legislative jurisdiction in this paragraph was
    adopted on January 3, 1953 (p. 17), to reflect jurisdiction over the
    Department of Defense, which was created in the National Security Act of
    1947 (61 Stat. 495). In the 95th Congress, when the Joint Committee on
    Atomic Energy was abolished, this Committee gained jurisdiction over
    military applications of nuclear energy (H. Res. 5, Jan. 4, 1977, p.
    53). The special oversight function of the Committee in clause 3(a) and
    the general oversight function in clause 2(b)(1) were assigned by the
    Committee Reform Amendments of 1974, effective January 3, 1975 (H. Res.
    988, 93d Cong., Oct. 8, 1974, p. 34470). The 104th Congress added
    subparagraph (8) for clarification and subparagraphs (5), (6), and (9)
    to reflect the transfer of those matters from the former Committee on
    Merchant Marine and Fisheries (sec. 202(a), H. Res. 6, Jan. 4, 1995, p.
    ----), and later amended subparagraph (8) to effect a technical
    correction (H. Res. 254, Nov. 30, 1995, p. ----).

      The Committee has jurisdiction over bills: relating to military
    housing construction (Apr. 18, 1967, p. 9981; Feb. 21, 1962, p. 2684);
    amending title 10 of the United States Code to permit suits against the
    United States for damage to reputation of members of Armed Forces
    acquitted of charges of crimes against civilians in combat zones (July
    15, 1970, p. 24451); for construction of facilities at Walter Reed
    Medical Center (Oct. 3, 1966, p. 24859); to require military commissary,
    post exchange and medical care privileges for veterans with sufficient
    service-connected disabilities (Feb. 3, 1976, p. 1972); of a private
    character to waive the statutory time limit on the award of the
    Congressional Medal of Honor on individuals (Feb. 22, 1982, p. 1812);
    including authorization of appropriations to the Department of Energy
    for resource applications for naval petroleum and oil shale reserves
    (May 1, 1978, p. 11946); and effecting the transfer of military property
    to a state to be designated by the state as a wilderness area (Nov. 15,
    1995, p. ----).

    [[Page 407]]

      The Committee exercised jurisdiction with the Committee on Interior
    and Insular Affairs (now Resources) over a resolution expressing the
    sense of Congress regarding continued operation of the Hanford Nuclear
    Reactor to produce power for the Bonneville Power Administration (July
    17, 1986, p. 16888).

      (l) Committee on Resources.

    Sec. 681. Resources.

          (1)  Fisheries and wildlife,
    including research, restoration, refuges, and conservation.

          (2) Forest reserves and national parks created from the public
    domain.

          (3) Forfeiture of land grants and alien ownership, including alien
    ownership of mineral lands.

          (4) Geological Survey.

          (5) International fishing agreements.

          (6) Interstate compacts relating to apportionment of waters for
    irrigation purposes.

          (7) Irrigation and reclamation, including water supply for
    reclamation projects, and easements of public lands for irrigation
    projects, and acquisition of private lands when necessary to complete
    irrigation projects.

          (8) Measures relating to the care and management of Indians,
    including the care and allotment of Indian lands and general and special
    measures relating to claims which are paid out of Indian funds.

          (9) Measures relating generally to the insular possessions of the
    United States, except those affecting the revenue and appropriations.

    [[Page 408]]

          (10) Military parks and battlefields, national cemeteries
    administered by the Secretary of the Interior, parks within the District
    of Columbia, and the erection of monuments to the memory of individuals.

          (11) Mineral land laws and claims and entries thereunder.

          (12) Mineral resources of the public lands.

          (13) Mining interests generally.

          (14) Mining schools and experimental stations.

          (15) Marine affairs (including coastal zone management), except
    for measures relating to oil and other pollution of navigable waters.

          (16) Oceanography.

          (17) Petroleum conservation on the public lands and conservation
    of the radium supply in the United States.

          (18) Preservation of prehistoric ruins and objects of interest on
    the public domain.

          (19) Public lands generally, including entry, easements, and
    grazing thereon.

          (20) Relations of the United States with the Indians and the
    Indian tribes.

    In addition to its legislative jurisdiction under the preceding
    provisions of this paragraph (and its general oversight function under
    clause 2(b)(1)), the committee shall have the special oversight
    functions provided for in clause 3(e) with respect to all programs
    affecting Indians.

          (21) Trans-Alaska Oil Pipeline (except ratemaking).

      The Committee on Public Lands was created in 1805 (IV, 4194). Its name
    has since been changed to Interior and Insular Affairs (Feb. 2, 1951, p.
    883); to Natural Resources (H. Res. 5, Jan. 5, 1993, p. ----); and to
    Resources (sec. 202(a), H. Res. 6, Jan. 4, 1995, p. ----).

    [[Page 409]]

    (created in 1865, IV, 4223), Insular Affairs (created in 1899, IV,
    4213), Irrigation and Reclamation (created in 1893, IV, 4307), Indian
    Affairs (created in 1821, IV, 4204), and Territories (created in 1825,
    IV, 4208), though vesting the subject of welfare of men working in
    mines, formerly under the jurisdiction of a Committee on Mines and
    Mining, in the Committee on Education and Labor (now Education and the
    Workforce). Until the Reorganization Act, military parks, battlefields,
    and national cemeteries were under jurisdiction of a Committee on
    Military Affairs. Jurisdiction over cemeteries of the United States in
    which veterans may be buried, except those administered by the Secretary
    of the Interior, was transferred to the Committee on Veterans' Affairs
    in the 90th Congress (H. Res. 241, Oct. 20, 1967).
      The core of the jurisdiction reflected in this paragraph was assigned
    to the Committee effective January 2, 1947, as a part of the Legislative
    Reorganization Act of 1946 (60 Stat. 812), which consolidated in this
    Committee the jurisdictions of the former Committees on Mines and Mining

      In Committee Reform Amendments of 1974, effective January 3, 1975, the
    Committee gained jurisdiction over parks within the District of
    Columbia, formerly within the jurisdiction of the Committee on Public
    Works and Transportation, now Transportation and Infrastructure
    (subpara. (10)), and lost specific jurisdiction over Indian education
    and over Hawaii and Alaska, generally (H. Res. 988, 93d Cong., Oct. 8,
    1974, p. 34470). By that same resolution, the Committee was given
    special oversight functions in clause 3(e).

      The 104th Congress expanded the jurisdiction of the Committee by:
    adding subparagraphs (1), (5), (15), and (16) to reflect the transfer of
    those matters from the former Committee on Merchant Marine and
    Fisheries; inserting the subject of monuments in memory of individuals
    in subparagraph (10) to reflect the transfer of that matter from the
    Committee on House Administration (now House Oversight); adding
    subparagraph (21), an exceptional treatment of pipeline jurisdiction
    otherwise vested in the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure;
    and deleting the subject of regulation of the domestic nuclear energy
    industry to reflect the transfer of that jurisdiction, which this
    Committee had acquired when the 95th Congress abolished the Joint
    Committee on Atomic Energy (H. Res. 5, Jan. 4, 1977, pp. 53-70) and
    which it shared with the Committee on Commerce, to the Committee on
    Commerce (sec. 202(a), H. Res. 6, Jan. 4, 1995, p. ----). At the same
    time, the statements of special oversight functions in this paragraph
    and in paragraph (e) of this clause were adjusted to reflect the
    transfer of nonmilitary nuclear energy and research and development
    including disposal of nuclear waste from this Committee to the Committee
    on Commerce, though conforming changes in paragraphs (e) and (h) of
    clause 3 were inadvertently omitted.

    [[Page 410]]

    the public domain (July 18, 1977, p.
    23434); to admission of States (IV, 4208); to preservation of
    prehistoric ruins and objects of interest on the public domain (IV,
    4199); and sometimes to projects of general legislation relating to
    various classes of land claims (IV, 4203). The Committee also has
    jurisdiction over bills relating to proceeds from disposal of oil shale
    on public lands (other than Naval Oil Shale Reserves) (Aug. 3, 1967, p.
    21179); bills to exclude certain lands in the outer continental shelf
    from mineral leasing provisions of the Outer Continental Shelf Lands Act
    (May 16, 1963, p. 8777); bills reinstating a U.S. oil and gas lease
    (Aug. 5, 1959, p. 15190); bills addressing U.S. claims to lands along
    the Colorado River forming state boundaries (June 28, 1967, p. 17738);
    bills designating national forest lands created from the public domain
    as wilderness (May 6, 1969, p. 11459); bills including additional units
    in the Missouri River Basin project (Sept. 8, 1959, p. 18587); bills
    establishing a commission on development of Pennsylvania Avenue in D.C.
    as a national historic site (Oct. 21, 1965, p. 27803); bills authorizing
    the Secretary of the Interior to conduct a feasibility investigation of
    potential water resource development (May 1, 1975, p. 12764); bills to
    establish a commission to consider the creation of a (Hudson) River
    Compact (July 21, 1975, p. 23653); bills to name a building constructed
    as part of a federal recreation area (June 8, 1988, p. 13803); bills
    addressing the siting on Federal parkland of an established national
    memorial (Sept. 24, 1991, p. 23731); and (with the Committee on
    Agriculture) bills exchanging a Federal tree nursery for certain State
    mining patents touching a western forest (Sept. 17, 1991, p. 23193). The
    Committee on National Security, and not this Committee, has jurisdiction
    over the transfer of military property to a state to be designated by
    the state as a wilderness area (Nov. 15, 1995, p. ----). The Committee
    on Agriculture, and not this Committee, has jurisdiction over the
    designation of an agricultural research center (May 14, 1996, p. ----).
      The Committee reports on subjects relating to the mineral resources of
    the public lands (IV, 4202), forfeiture of land grants and alien
    ownership (IV, 4201), validation of certain conveyances of erstwhile
    public lands by a railway company (July 11, 1995, p. ----), public lands
    of Alaska (IV, 4196), forest reserves (IV, 4197), and national parks
    created out of the public domain (IV, 4199; VII, 1925), including
    measures relating to criminal trespass provisions applying only within
    national forests created from

      The authority of the Committee to report as privileged bills for the
    forfeiture of land grants to railroad and other corporations, bills
    preventing speculation in the public lands, bills for the preservation
    of the public lands for the benefit of actual and bona fide settlers,
    and bills for the admission of new States was eliminated in the
    Committee Reform Amendments of 1974, effective January 3, 1975 (H. Res.
    988, 93d Cong., Oct. 8, 1974, p. 34470; see clause 4(a) of rule XI).

      (m) Committee on Rules.

    Sec. 682a. Rules.

          (1)  The rules and joint rules (other
    than rules or joint rules relating to the Code of Official Conduct), and
    order of business of the House.

    [[Page 411]]

    The Committee on Rules is authorized to sit and act whether or not the
    House is in session.

          (2) Recesses and final adjournments of Congress.

      This Committee, which had existed as a select committee from 1789,
    became a standing committee in 1880 (IV, 4321; VII, 2047). The Speaker
    was first made a member of the Committee in 1858 (IV, 4321), and ceased
    to be a member on March 19, 1910 (VII, 2047). However, the Legislative
    Reorganization Act of 1946 deleted from the former rule the prohibition
    against the Speaker serving on the Committee. The size of the Committee
    was increased from 12 to 15 members for the 87th Congress (Jan. 31,
    1961, p. 1589), and the increase in the Committee's size was
    incorporated as a part of the rules in the 88th Congress (Jan. 9, 1963).
    Effective January 3, 1975, however, the rules were amended to eliminate
    prescriptions of committee sizes (H. Res. 988, 93d Cong., Oct. 8, 1974,
    p. 34470), and in the 94th through the 98th Congresses 16 members were
    named to the Committee on nominations from the respective party caucuses
    (see, e.g., H. Res. 76, Jan. 20, 1975, p. 803; H. Res. 101, Jan. 28,
    1975, p. 1611), and in the 99th through 101st Congresses, 13 members
    were named to the Committee on nominations from the respective party
    caucuses (see, e.g., H. Res. 34, 35, Jan. 30, 1985, p. 1271, 1273).

      The jurisdiction defined in this paragraph became effective January 2,
    1947, as a part of the Legislative Reorganization Act of 1946 (60 Stat.
    812). The last sentence, formerly designated as subparagraph (3) (H.
    Res. 5, Jan. 5, 1993, p. ----), is from section 134(c) of the 1946 Act,
    but the Committee has had authority to sit during sessions of the House
    since 1893 (IV, 4546), even during the five-minute rule under clause
    2(i) of rule XI. The subject of recesses and adjournments was formerly
    under the jurisdiction of the Committee on Ways and Means. In section
    402(b) of the Congressional Budget Act of 1974 (P.L. 93-344, July 12,
    1974), the Committee was given specific authority to report emergency
    waivers of the required reporting date for bills and resolutions
    authorizing new budget authority. That authority was incorporated into
    this rule, effective January 3, 1975 (H. Res. 988, 93d Cong., Oct. 8,
    1974, p. 34470), but was repealed as obsolete in the 102d Congress (H.
    Res. 5, Jan. 3, 1991, p. 39). Jurisdiction over rules relating to
    official conduct and financial disclosure was transferred to the
    Committee on Standards of Official Conduct on April 3, 1968 (H. Res.
    1099, 90th Cong.), but in the 95th Congress, jurisdiction over rules
    relating to financial disclosure by Members, officers, and employees of
    the House was returned to this Committee (H. Res. 5, Jan. 4, 1977, pp.
    53-70).

    [[Page 412]]

    all committees to sit and act whether the House
    is in session or has adjourned, and authority to issue subpoenas (clause
    2(m) of rule XI) (H. Res. 988, 93d Cong., Oct. 8, 1974, p. 34470). The
    Committee also reports resolutions relating to the hour of daily meeting
    and the days on which the House shall sit (IV, 4325), and orders
    relating to the use of the galleries during the electoral count (IV,
    4327).

      The jurisdiction of this Committee is primarily over propositions to
    make or change the rules (V, 6770, 6776; VII, 2047), for the creation of
    committees (IV, 4322; VII, 2048), and directing them to make
    investigations (IV, 4322-4324; VII, 2048). Effective January 3, 1975,
    however, the authority for all committees to conduct investigations and
    studies was made a part of the standing rules (clause 1(b) of rule XI),
    as was the authority for

    Sec. 682b. Special orders.

      Since  1883 the Committee on Rules
    has reported special orders providing times and methods for
    consideration of special bills or classes of bills, thereby enabling the
    House by majority vote to forward particular legislation, instead of
    being forced to use for the purpose the motion to suspend the rules,
    which requires a two-thirds vote (IV, 3152; V, 6870; for forms of, IV,
    3238-3263).

      Special orders may still be made by suspension of the rules (IV, 3154)
    or by unanimous consent (IV, 3165, 3166; VII, 758); but it is not in
    order, by motion in the House, to provide that a subject be made a
    special order by a motion to postpone to a day certain (IV, 3164). But
    before the adoption of rules, and consequently before there is a rule as
    to the order of business, a Member may offer a special order for
    immediate consideration (V, 4971, 5450). A special order reported by the
    Committee on Rules must be agreed to by a majority vote of the House
    (IV, 3169).

      It is not in order to move to postpone a special order providing for
    the consideration of a class of bills (V, 4958), but a bill which comes
    before the House by the terms of a special order merely assigning the
    day for its consideration may be postponed by a majority vote (IV, 3177-
    3182). A motion to rescind a special order is not privileged under the
    rules regulating the order of business (IV, 3173, 3174; V, 5323).

      A motion to amend the rules of House does not present a question of
    privilege (VIII, 3377, overruling VIII, 3376; see also rule IX and
    Sec. 664, supra), and it is not in order by raising a question of the
    privileges of the House under rule IX to move to direct the Committee on
    Rules to consider a request to report a special order of business
    (Speaker Albert, June 27, 1974, p. 21599), or to direct the Committee on
    Rules to meet, to elect a temporary chairman (in the temporary absence
    of the chairman) and consider special orders of business (Speaker
    Albert, July 31, 1975, p. 26250).

      For further discussion of the Committee on Rules, see Sec. Sec. 729a-
    731, infra.

      (n) Committee on Science.

    [[Page 413]]

    Sec. 683. Science.

          (1)  All energy research, development,
    and demonstration, and projects therefor, and all federally owned or
    operated nonmilitary energy laboratories.

          (2) Astronautical research and development, including resources,
    personnel, equipment, and facilities.

          (3) Civil aviation research and development.

          (4) Environmental research and development.

          (5) Marine research.

          (6) Measures relating to the commercial application of energy
    technology.

          (7) National Institute of Standards and Technology,
    standardization of weights and measures and the metric system.

          (8) National Aeronautics and Space Administration.

          (9) National Space Council.

          (10) National Science Foundation.

          (11) National Weather Service.

          (12) Outer space, including exploration and control thereof.

          (13) Science Scholarships.

    In addition to its legislative jurisdiction under the preceding
    provisions of this paragraph (and its general oversight function under
    clause 2(b)(1)), the committee shall have the special oversight function
    provided for in clause 3(f) with respect to all nonmilitary research and
    development.

          (14) Scientific research, development, and demonstration, and
    projects therefor.

    [[Page 414]]

    over the Bureau of Standards (now the National Institute of Standards and
    Technology) and science scholarships (July 21, 1958, p. 14513). By the
    Committee Reform Amendments of 1974, effective January 3, 1975, the
    Committee was redesignated as the Committee on Science and Technology
    and given additional jurisdiction over civil aviation research and
    development, environmental research and development, non-nuclear energy
    research and development, and the National Weather Service (now part of
    the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration) (H. Res. 988, 93d
    Cong., Oct. 8, 1974, p. 34470). At the same time the Committee was given
    the general and special oversight functions set forth in clause 2(b) and
    clause 3(f). When the House abolished the Joint Committee on Atomic
    Energy in the 95th Congress, this Committee was given jurisdiction over
    nuclear research and development, as well (H. Res. 5, Jan. 4, 1977, pp.
    53-70). Its jurisdiction over energy research and development (now
    subpara. (1)) was amended in the 96th Congress, effective January 3,
    1981, to specifically include energy demonstration projects and
    federally owned nonmilitary energy laboratories (H. Res. 549, Mar. 25,
    1980, pp. 6405-10). In the 100th Congress, the Committee was
    redesignated as the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology (H. Res.
    5, Jan. 6, 1987, p. 6). In the 103d Congress the jurisdictional
    statement of the Committee was updated to reflect the renaming of
    Executive Branch entities (H. Res. 5, Jan. 5, 1993, p. ----). The 104th
    Congress again renamed the Committee as the Committee on Science and
    expanded its jurisdiction by adding subparagraph (5), from the former
    Committee on Merchant Marine and Fisheries, and subparagraph (6), from
    the Committee on Energy and Commerce (now Commerce) (sec. 202(a), H.
    Res. 6, Jan. 4, 1995, p. ----).
      The standing Committee on Science and Astronautics was established in
    the 85th Congress and given jurisdiction formerly vested in a Select
    Committee on Astronautics and Space Exploration established a few months
    earlier (Mar. 5, 1958, p. 3443), as well as the former jurisdiction of
    the Committee on Interstate and Foreign Commerce (now Commerce)

      The Committee has jurisdiction over proposals dealing with U.S.
    participation in the World Science Pan-Pacific Exposition (June 24,
    1959, p. 11810); over a resolution condemning Soviet Union internal
    exile of an individual, and recommending that government agencies
    including NASA, the National Bureau of Standards and the National
    Science Foundation defer official travel to that country (Jan. 30, 1980,
    p. 1320); with the Committees on Armed Services (now National Security)
    and Interior and Insular Affairs (now Resources), over bills to test the
    commercial viability of oil shale technologies within the naval oil
    shale reserves or on other public lands (Sept. 26, 1978, p. 31623); and
    with four other committees over a bill coordinating Federal agencies'
    research into ground water contamination, including that done by the
    Environmental Protection Agency (Mar. 15, 1989, p. 4163).

      (o) Committee on Small Business.

    [[Page 415]]

    Sec. 684. Small Business.

          (1)  Assistance to and
    protection of small business, including financial aid, regulatory
    flexibility and paperwork reduction.

    In addition to its legislative jurisdiction under the preceding
    provisions of this paragraph (and its general oversight function under
    clause 2(b)(1)), the committee shall have the special oversight function
    provided for in clause 3(g) with respect to the problems of small
    business.

          (2) Participation of small-business enterprises in Federal
    procurement and Government contracts.

      A Select Committee on Small Business was first established in the 77th
    Congress (H. Res. 294, pp. 9418-28) and was reconstituted each Congress
    thereafter by resolution reported from the Committee on Rules until made
    permanent in the 92d Congress (H. Res. 5, Jan. 22, 1971, p. 144).

      The Committee Reform Amendments of 1974 established a standing
    Committee on Small Business, effective January 3, 1975, and vested it
    with legislative jurisdiction formerly held by the Committee on Banking
    and Currency (subpara. (1)) and the Committee on the Judiciary (subpara.
    (2)) (H. Res. 988, 93d Cong., Oct. 8, 1974, p. 34470). At the same time
    the general and special oversight functions were set forth in clause
    2(b) and in clause 3(g).

      The 104th Congress expanded the jurisdiction of the Committee over
    assistance to and protection of small business by inserting the
    references to regulatory flexibility and paperwork reduction in
    subparagraph (1) (sec. 202(a), H. Res. 6, Jan. 4, 1995, p. ----; see
    also Feb. 9, 1995, p. ----) and later effected a technical correction
    (H. Res. 254, Nov. 30, 1995, p. ----).

      (p) Committee on Standards of Official Conduct.

    In addition to its legislative jurisdiction under the preceding
    provision of this paragraph (and its general oversight function under
    clause 2(b)(1)), the committee shall have the functions with respect to
    recommendations, studies, investigations, and reports which are provided
    for in

    [[Page 416]]

    clause 4(e), and the functions designated in titles I and V of
    the Ethics in Government Act of 1978 and sections 7342, 7351, and 7353
    of title 5, United States Code.

    Sec. 685a. Standards of Official Conduct.

          (1)  Measures
    relating to the Code of Official Conduct.

      In the 90th Congress the Committee on Standards of Official Conduct
    was established as a standing committee (H. Res. 418, Apr. 13, 1967, p.
    ----). Its precursor was the Select Committee on Standards and Conduct,
    created in the 89th Congress (H. Res. 1013, Oct. 19, 1966, pp. 27713-
    30).

      At various times in its history, the legislative jurisdiction of the
    Committee has included jurisdiction over measures relating to (1)
    financial disclosure by Members, officers, and employees of the House
    (H. Res. 1099, 90th Cong., Apr. 3, 1968); (2) the raising, reporting,
    and use of campaign contributions for candidates for the House (H. Res.
    988, 93d Cong., Oct. 8, 1974, p. 34470); and (3) lobbying activities (H.
    Res. 1031, 91st Cong., July 8, 1970, p. 23141). However, legislative
    jurisdiction over measures relating to financial disclosure was
    transferred to the Committee on Rules in the 95th Congress (H. Res. 5,
    Jan. 4, 1977, pp. 53-70); legislative jurisdiction over measures
    relating to campaign contributions for candidates for the House was
    transferred to House Administration (now House Oversight), and
    legislative jurisdiction over measures relating to lobbying activities
    was removed from the Committee (thereby devolving on the Committee on
    the Judiciary) in the 94th Congress (H. Res. 5, Jan. 14, 1975, p. 20).

      In the 95th Congress, several rules relating to the official conduct
    of Members were adopted outside the confines of rule XLIII, the ``Code
    of Official Conduct,'' as follows: rule XLV, prohibiting unofficial
    office accounts; rule XLVI, limiting the use of the frank; and rule
    XLVII, limiting outside earned income (H. Res. 287, Mar. 2, 1977, pp.
    5933-53).

      Under clause 4(a) of rule XI, the Committee is empowered to report as
    privileged resolutions recommending action by the House of
    Representatives with respect to the official conduct of an individual
    Member, officer, or employee of the House.

      In addition to its legislative jurisdiction, the Committee has the
    general oversight responsibility set forth in clause 2(b) and the
    additional functions of conducting the investigations and making the
    reports and recommendations required by clause 4(e) or by resolution of
    the House (see, e.g., H. Res. 252, 95th Cong., Feb. 9, 1977, pp. 3966-
    75, directing investigation of gifts from Korean government; H. Res.
    1042, 94th Cong., Feb. 16, 1976, pp. 3158-61, directing investigation of
    unauthorized publication of report of Select Committee on Intelligence;
    and H. Res. 608, 96th Cong., Mar. 27, 1980, pp. 6995-98, relating to
    ``Abscam'').

    [[Page 417]]

    515 of Public Law 95-105 to act as the ``employing agency'' for the
    House of Representatives under the Foreign Gifts and Decorations Act,
    and the Committee promulgated regulations under that statute concerning
    acceptance of foreign gifts and decorations by Members and employees
    (Jan. 23, 1978, p. 452). In the 96th Congress the Committee was assigned
    as additional responsibilities the functions designated in title I of
    the Ethics in Government Act of 1978 (P.L. 95-521) relating to the
    administration of government ethics laws as they apply to Members,
    officers, and employees of the House (H. Res. 5, Jan. 15, 1979, p. 7).
    In the 102d Congress those responsibilities were enlarged to include
    also the functions designated in title V of the Act and the specified
    sections of title 5, United States Code (H. Res. 5, Jan. 3, 1991, p.
    39).
      The Committee has investigated rollcall procedures in the House and
    recommended installation of a modernized voting system (June 19, 1969,
    p. 16629). In the 95th Congress the Committee was authorized by section

      The Committee has compiled statutory and rule-based ethical standards
    in the House Ethics Manual (102d Cong., 2d Sess.). In the Manual, the
    Committee incorporates its advisory opinions issued under clause
    4(e)(1)(D) of rule X, together with advisory opinions issued by the
    former Select Committee on Ethics, in its discussions of various ethical
    issues, including gifts, outside income, financial disclosure, staff
    rights and duties, official allowances and franking, casework
    considerations, campaign financing and practices, and involvement with
    official and unofficial organizations.

    Sec. 685b. Former Select Committees on
    Ethics.

      In the 95th  Congress, the House established a Select Committee on Ethics
    and granted it exclusive legislative jurisdiction over bills that
    incorporated into permanent law provisions of House rules addressing
    financial ethics of Members, officers, and employees (H. Res. 383, Mar.
    9, 1977, pp. 6811-16). The Select Committee was also granted
    jurisdiction to promulgate implementing regulations and to issue
    advisory opinions. The resolution creating the Select Committee provided
    that it would expire on December 31, 1977, but the Committee and its
    functions ultimately were extended through the ``completion of its
    official business'' (H. Res. 871, Oct. 31, 1977, p. 35957). The advisory
    opinions compiled by the former Select Committee on Ethics have been
    incorporated in the House Ethics Manual (102d Cong., 2d Sess.).

    [[Page 418]]

      In the 105th Congress a new subparagraph (3) was added at the end of
    clause 4(e) of rule X to establish a Select Committee on Ethics only to
    resolve an inquiry originally undertaken by the standing Committee on
    Standards of Official Conduct in the 104th Congress (H. Res. 5, Jan. 7,
    1997, p. ----). The Select Committee filed one report to the House (H.
    Rept. 105-1, H. Res. 31, Jan. 21, 1997, p. ----).

      (q) Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure.

    Sec. 686. Transportation and Infrastructure.

          (1)  Coast
    Guard, including lifesaving service, lighthouses, lightships, ocean
    derelicts, and the Coast Guard Academy.

          (2) Federal management of emergencies and natural disasters.

          (3) Flood control and improvement of rivers and harbors.

          (4) Inland waterways.

          (5) Inspection of merchant marine vessels, lights and signals,
    lifesaving equipment, and fire protection on such vessels.

          (6) Navigation and the laws relating thereto, including pilotage.

          (7) Registering and licensing of vessels and small boats.

          (8) Rules and international arrangements to prevent collisions at
    sea.

          (9) Measures relating to the Capitol Building and the Senate and
    House office buildings.

          (10) Measures relating to the construction or maintenance of roads
    and post roads, other than appropriations therefor; but it shall not be
    in order for any bill providing general legislation in relation to roads
    to contain any provision for any specific road, nor for any bill in
    relation to a specific road to embrace a provision in relation to any
    other specific road.

    [[Page 419]]

    the Library of Congress, and the Smithsonian Institution.
          (11) Measures relating to the construction or reconstruction,
    maintenance, and care of the buildings and grounds of the Botanic
    Gardens,

          (12) Measures relating to merchant marine, except for national
    security aspects of merchant marine.

          (13) Measures relating to the purchase of sites and construction
    of post offices, customhouses, Federal courthouses, and Government
    buildings within the District of Columbia.

          (14) Oil and other pollution of navigable waters, including
    inland, coastal, and ocean waters.

          (15) Marine affairs (including coastal zone management) as they
    relate to oil and other pollution of navigable waters.

          (16) Public buildings and occupied or improved grounds of the
    United States generally.

          (17) Public works for the benefit of navigation, including bridges
    and dams (other than international bridges and dams).

          (18) Related transportation regulatory agencies.

          (19) Roads and the safety thereof.

          (20) Transportation, including civil aviation, railroads, water
    transportation, transportation safety (except automobile safety),
    transportation infrastructure, transportation labor, and railroad
    retirement and unemployment (except revenue measures related thereto).

          (21) Water power.

    [[Page 420]]

    in 1883 (IV, 4118)), and Roads (created in 1913 (VII, 2065)).
    The authority of the Committee to report as privileged bills authorizing
    the improvement of rivers and harbors was eliminated by the Committee
    Reform Amendments of 1974, effective January 3, 1975 (H. Res. 988, 93d
    Cong., Oct. 8, 1974, p. 34470; see clause 4(a) of rule XI). At the same
    time the Committee's jurisdiction over parks in the District of Columbia
    was transferred to the Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs (now
    Resources); and it gained jurisdiction over transportation, including
    civil aviation (except railroads, railroad labor, and railroad
    pensions), over roads and the safety thereof, over water transportation
    subject to the jurisdiction of the Interstate Commerce Commission, and
    over related transportation regulatory agencies with certain exceptions.
    The 104th Congress changed the name of the Committee from Public Works
    and Transportation to Transportation and Infrastructure and expanded its
    jurisdiction by: adding subparagraphs (1), (6)-(8), (12), and (15) to
    reflect the transfer of those matters from the former Committee on
    Merchant Marine and Fisheries; adding subparagraph (4) and enlarging
    subparagraph (20) to reflect the transfer of those matters from the
    Committee on Energy and Commerce (now Commerce); and adding subparagraph
    (2) and inserting the reference to inland, coastal, and ocean waters in
    subparagraph (14), as clarifying consolidations of formerly
    fractionalized subjects (sec. 202(a), H. Res. 6, Jan. 4, 1995, p. ----).
      The Committee was created effective January 2, 1947, as a part of the
    Legislative Reorganization Act of 1946 (60 Stat. 812), combining the
    Committees on Flood Control (created in 1916 (VII, 2069)), Public
    Buildings and Grounds (created in 1837 (IV, 4231)), Rivers and Harbors
    (created

    [[Page 421]]

    on Government Reform
    and Oversight, and not this Committee, has jurisdiction over a bill
    renaming an existing post office building (Aug. 4, 1995, p. ----), but
    this Committee, and not the Committee on Government Reform and
    Oversight, has jurisdiction over a bill redesignating a general-purpose
    federal building as a post office (Apr. 24, 1997, p. ----). This
    Committee, and not the Committee on Ways and Means, has jurisdiction
    over a bill designating a customs building (Dec. 12, 1995, p. ----). The
    Committee on Resources, and not this Committee, has jurisdiction over a
    bill to validate certain conveyances of erstwhile public lands by a
    railway company (July 11, 1995, p. ----).
      The Committee has jurisdiction over proposals establishing Treasury
    revolving funds for the Southeastern and Southwestern Power
    Administrations (July 2, 1959, p. 12629); directing the Secretary of the
    Army to provide school facilities for dependents of Corps of Engineers
    construction workers (June 17, 1968, p. 17429); conveying Corps of
    Engineers flood-control project lands (July 15, 1965, p. 17002) or
    naming reservoirs within such projects (Oct. 3, 1989, p. 22770) or
    allocating or limiting water use therefrom (Feb. 28, 1990, p. 2893);
    directing the Secretary of the Army to renew the license of an American
    Legion Post to use a parcel of land on a Corps of Engineer project (May
    10, 1988, p. 10282); authorizing construction of an annex to the
    National Gallery of Art by the Smithsonian Institution (Apr. 10, 1968,
    p. 9553); addressing the location and development of the J. F. Kennedy
    Center for the Performing Arts (Sept. 15, 1965, p. 23927; Oct. 21, 1965,
    p. 27803); transferring land under the control of the Corps of Engineers
    to Indian tribes (Jan. 29, 1976, p. 1577); amending the Interstate
    Commerce Act to regulate truck transportation (Feb. 24, 1976, p. 4109;
    Mar. 1, 1979, p. 3754); concerning the treatment of a U.S. air freight
    carrier by the Japanese Ministry of Transport pursuant to an
    understanding negotiated under the International Air Transportation
    Competition Act of 1979 (not a Trade Act matter) (July 28, 1988, p.
    19536); and over an executive communication amending Public Law 90-553,
    reported by the Committee, to authorize the transfer, conveyance, lease
    and improvement of, and construction on, certain property in the
    District of Columbia, for use as a headquarters site for an
    international organization, as sites for governments of foreign
    countries (Sept. 10, 1981, p. 20598). The Committee

      The Committee has shared jurisdiction: with the Committee on Energy
    and Commerce (now Commerce) over a bill amending the Solid Waste
    Disposal Act to provide for the cleanup of hazardous waste sites or
    discharges presenting a threat to human health and the environment,
    including navigable waters (Mar. 21, 1984, p. 6186); with the Committee
    on Government Operations (now Government Reform and Oversight) over a
    bill to require the Administrator of General Services to convey certain
    real property (a federal building) to the Museum for the American Indian
    and providing for renovation and alteration of the property (Oct. 28,
    1987, p. 29685); with the Committee on House Administration (now House
    Oversight) over a bill authorizing the Smithsonian Institution to
    construct, expand, and renovate facilities at the Cooper-Hewitt Museum
    in New York (July 21, 1987, p. 20309), and over a bill authorizing
    appropriations to plan, design, construct, and equip museum space for
    the Smithsonian (July 18, 1991, p. 18830); with several other committees
    over bills to convert from a defense economy by, inter alia,
    authorizing economic assistance for public works and economic
    development (June 24, 1991, p. 16021; June 11, 1992, p. ----); and with
    the Committee on Education and Labor (now Education and the Workforce)
    over bills providing labor protections to workers, including airline
    employees, in the transportation industry (June 24, 1991, p. 16020; Feb.
    24, 1993, p. ----).

      In the 101st Congress, the Committee reported a bill requiring a
    cooling-off period in a labor-management dispute between an airline and
    its unions under the Railway Labor Act (H.R. 1231, Mar. 13, 1989, p.
    4032).

      The general oversight responsibility of the Committee is set forth in
    clause 2(b) of rule X.

      (r) Committee on Veterans' Affairs.

          (1) Veterans' measures generally.

    [[Page 422]]

    Sec. 687. Veterans' Affairs.

          (2) Cemeteries of the  United
    States in which veterans of any war or conflict are or may be
    buried, whether in the United States or abroad, except cemeteries
    administered by the Secretary of the Interior.

          (3) Compensation, vocational rehabilitation, and education of
    veterans.

          (4) Life insurance issued by the Government on account of service
    in the Armed Forces.

          (5) Pensions of all the wars of the United States, general and
    special.

          (6) Readjustment of servicemen to civil life.

          (7) Soldiers' and sailors' civil relief.

          (8) Veterans' hospitals, medical care, and treatment of veterans.

      This Committee was established January 2, 1947, as a part of the
    Legislative Reorganization Act of 1946 (60 Stat. 812), and was vested
    with jurisdiction formerly exercised by the Committees on World War
    Veterans' Legislation (VII, 2077); Invalid Pensions (IV, 4258); and
    Pensions (IV, 4260). Jurisdiction over veterans' cemeteries administered
    by the Department of Defense was transferred from the Committee on
    Interior and Insular Affairs in the 90th Congress (H. Res. 241, Oct. 20,
    1967, p. 29560). Vocational rehabilitation, except that pertaining to
    veterans, is under the jurisdiction of the Committee on Education and
    the Workforce. The Committee has jurisdiction over bills to amend the
    Soldiers and Sailors Civil Relief Act of 1940 to permit certain
    declarations of fact in lieu of affidavits (Feb. 4, 1959, p. 1812), and
    over bills to amend the Servicemen's and Veterans' Survivor Benefits Act
    relating to service-connected deaths of retired members of the uniformed
    services (May 18, 1959, p. 8273).

      (s) Committee on Ways and Means.

    Sec. 688. Ways and Means.

          (1)  Customs, collection
    districts, and ports of entry and delivery.

          (2) Reciprocal trade agreements.

          (3) Revenue measures generally.

          (4) Revenue measures relating to the insular possessions.

          (5) The bonded debt of the United States (subject to the last
    sentence of clause 4(g) of this rule).

          (6) The deposit of public moneys.

    [[Page 423]]

          (7) Transportation of dutiable goods.

          (8) Tax exempt foundations and charitable trusts.

          (9) National social security, except (A) health care and
    facilities programs that are supported from general revenues as opposed
    to payroll deductions and (B) work incentive programs.

      A select Committee on Ways and Means dates from 1789. It was made a
    standing committee in 1802. Originally it considered both revenue and
    appropriations, but in 1865 the appropriation bills were given to the
    Committee on Appropriations and certain other bills to the Committee on
    Banking and Currency (now Banking and Financial Services) (IV, 4020).
    Its jurisdiction was also amended on April 5, 1911 (p. 58), and further
    defined in the Legislative Reorganization Act of 1946 (60 Stat. 812),
    which transferred the subject of recesses and final adjournments from
    this Committee to the Committee on Rules.

      By the Committee Reform Amendments of 1974, effective January 3, 1975,
    the Committee gained legislative jurisdiction over tax exempt
    foundations and charitable trusts (subpara. (8)), formerly within the
    jurisdiction of the Committee on Banking and Currency, because of their
    impact on the economy, while it was released from: jurisdiction over
    health care and facilities programs supported from general revenues to
    the Committee on Energy and Commerce (now Commerce); jurisdiction over
    work incentive programs to the Committee on Education and Labor (now
    Education and the Workforce); jurisdiction over general revenue sharing
    to the Committee on Government Operations (now Government Reform and
    Oversight); and jurisdiction over renegotiation to the Committee on
    Banking, Finance and Urban Affairs (now Banking and Financial Services)
    (H. Res. 988, 93d Cong., Oct. 8, 1974, p. 34470).

      The Committee's jurisdiction over the bonded debt of the United States
    (subpara. (5)) was made subject to the last sentence of clause 4(g) of
    rule X in the 96th Congress by Public Law 96-78 (93 Stat. 589).

    [[Page 424]]

    trust funds in the Treasury,
    funded by assessments on all quantities of oil, petrochemical
    feedstocks, and other hazardous substances sold for sale, where the
    scope and size of the funds and the method of assessment (similar to an
    excise tax) represented the collection of general revenue to fund
    particular Federal activities, a type of financing mechanism over which
    the Ways and Means Committee has traditionally exercised jurisdiction
    (May 20, 1980, p. 11862).
      The revenue jurisdiction of the Committee extends to such subjects as
    transportation of dutiable goods, collection districts, ports of entry
    and delivery (IV, 4026), customs unions, reciprocity treaties (IV,
    4021), revenue relations of the United States with Puerto Rico (IV,
    4025), the revenue bills relating to agricultural products generally,
    excepting oleomargarine (IV, 4022), and tax on cotton and grain futures.
    The Committee formerly had jurisdiction as to seal herds and other
    revenue producing animals in Alaska but this jurisdiction was changed in
    the 68th Congress to the former Committee on Merchant Marine and
    Fisheries (VII, 1725, 1851). As exemplified by sequential referrals in
    the 96th Congress, the Committee has jurisdiction of reported bills
    creating major oilspill and hazardous waste

      The Committee has jurisdiction over subjects relating to the Treasury
    of the United States and the deposit of the public moneys (IV, 4028),
    but it failed to make good a claim to the subjects of ``national
    finances'' and ``preservation of the Government credit'' (IV, 4023). The
    Committee has jurisdiction over bills providing tax incentives for
    persons investing in Indian property (Feb. 1, 1964, p. 1582), providing
    unemployment compensation to individuals with military or Federal
    service (Apr. 28, 1976, p. 11590), providing extended and increased
    unemployment compensation (Apr. 16, 1975, p. 10346), and over private
    bills waiving provisions of the Tariff Act to require reliquidation of
    certain imported materials as duty-free (July 13, 1982, p. 16014). The
    Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure, and not this Committee,
    has jurisdiction over a bill to designate a customs administrative
    building (Dec. 12, 1995, p. ----).

      The Committee has exercised jurisdiction, with the
    Committee on Energy and Commerce (now Commerce), over
    executive communications reporting on inpatient hospital services under
    title XVIII (medicare) and under title XIX (medicaid) of the Social
    Security Act (Dec. 21, 1982, p. 33261); with the Committee on Public
    Works and Transportation (now Transportation and Infrastructure) over
    executive communications proposing draft legislation reauthorizing the
    Surface Transportation Act but also containing a revenue title raising
    taxes to fund surface transportation programs (Mar. 20, 1986, p. 5804);
    with the former Committee on Merchant Marine and Fisheries (succeeded by
    the Committee on Resources) over a bill amending the Fishermen's
    Protective Act to authorize the President to prohibit the importation of
    any product from a country violating an international fishery
    conservation program (Mar. 21, 1989, p. 5077); and with three other
    committees over a bill imposing certain international economic sanctions
    including tariffs (May 27, 1992, p. ----).

      The Committee in the earlier practice reported resolutions
    distributing the President's annual message (IV, 4030), but since the
    first session of the 64th Congress this practice has been discontinued
    (VIII, 3350).

      The general oversight responsibility set forth in clause 2(b) was
    assigned to the Committee by the Committee Reform Amendments of 1974,
    effective January 3, 1975 (H. Res. 988, 93d Cong., Oct. 8, 1974, p.
    34470).

                       General Oversight Responsibilities

    [[Page 425]]

      2. (a) In order to assist the House in--

    Sec. 692a. General oversight.

          (1)  its analysis,
    appraisal, and evaluation of (A) the application, administration,
    execution, and effectiveness of the laws enacted by the Congress, or (B)
    conditions and circumstances which may indicate the necessity or
    desirability of enacting new or additional legislation, and

          (2) its formulation, consideration, and enactment of such
    modifications of or changes in those laws, and of such additional
    legislation, as may be necessary or appropriate,
    the various standing committees shall have oversight responsibilities as
    provided in paragraph (b).

    [[Page 426]]

    jurisdiction of that committee (whether or not any bill or resolution
    has been introduced with respect thereto), and shall on a continuing
    basis undertake futures research and forecasting on matters within the
    jurisdiction of that committee. Each such committee <> having more than twenty members shall
    establish an oversight subcommittee, or require its subcommittees, if
    any, to conduct oversight in the area of their respective jurisdiction,
    to assist in carrying out its responsibilities under this subparagraph.
    The establishment of oversight subcommittees shall in no way limit the
    responsibility of the subcommittees with legislative jurisdiction from
    carrying out their oversight responsibilities.
      (b)(1) Each standing committee (other than the Committee on
    Appropriations and the Committee on the Budget) shall review and study,
    on a continuing basis, the application, administration, execution, and
    effectiveness of those laws or parts of laws, the subject matter of
    which is within the jurisdiction of that committee and the organization
    and operation of the Federal agencies and entities having
    responsibilities in or for the administration and execution thereof, in
    order to determine whether such laws and the programs thereunder are
    being implemented and carried out in accordance with the intent of the
    Congress and whether such programs should be continued, curtailed, or
    eliminated. In addition, each such committee shall review and study any
    conditions or circumstances which may indicate the necessity or
    desirability of enacting new or additional legislation within the

      (2) The Committee on Government Reform and Oversight shall review and
    study, on a continuing basis, the operation of Government activities at
    all levels with a view to determining their economy and efficiency.

      (3) The Committee on Appropriations shall conduct such studies and
    examinations of the organization and operation of executive departments
    and other executive agencies (including any agency the majority of the
    stock of which is owned by the Government of the United States) as it
    may deem necessary to assist it in the determination of matters within
    its jurisdiction.

    [[Page 427]]

    impact of tax policies affecting subjects within its jurisdiction as
    described in clauses 1 and 3.
      (c) Each standing committee of the House shall have the function of
    reviewing and studying on a continuing basis the impact or probable

      (d)(1) Not later than February 15 of the first session of a Congress,
    each standing committee of the House shall, in a meeting that is open to
    the public and with a quorum present, adopt its oversight plans for that
    Congress. Such plans shall be submitted simultaneously to the Committee
    on Government Reform and Oversight and to the Committee on House
    Oversight. In developing such plans each committee shall, to the maximum
    extent feasible

              (A) consult with other committees of the House that have
    jurisdiction over the same or related laws, programs, or agencies within
    its jurisdiction, with the objective of ensuring that such laws,
    programs, or agencies are reviewed in the same Congress and that there
    is a maximum of coordination between such committees in the conduct of
    such reviews; and such plans shall include an explanation of what steps
    have been and will be taken to ensure such coordination and cooperation;

              (B) give priority consideration to including in its plans the
    review of those laws, programs, or agencies operating under permanent
    budget authority or permanent statutory authority; and

    [[Page 428]]

              (C) have a view toward ensuring that all significant laws,
    programs, or agencies within its jurisdictions are subject to review at
    least once every ten years.

      (2) It shall not be in order to consider any committee expense
    resolution (within the meaning of clause 5 of rule XI), or any amendment
    thereto, for any committee that has not submitted its oversight plans as
    required by this paragraph.

      (3) Not later than March 31 in the first session of a Congress, after
    consultation with the Speaker, the Majority Leader, and the Minority
    Leader, the Committee on Government Reform and Oversight shall report to
    the House the oversight plans submitted by each committee together with
    any recommendations that it, or the House leadership group referred to
    above, may make to ensure the most effective coordination of such plans
    and otherwise achieve the objectives of this clause.

      (e) The Speaker, with the approval of the House, may appoint special
    ad hoc oversight committees for the purpose of reviewing specific
    matters within the jurisdiction of two or more standing committees.

    [[Page 429]]

    porated into the
    rule, and on January 14, 1975 (H. Res. 5, 94th Cong., p. 20), the size
    of those standing committees required by clause 2(b)(1) to establish an
    oversight subcommittee or to require its subcommittees to conduct
    oversight was increased from 15 to more than 20. In the 100th Congress,
    the requirement that representatives from the Committee on Government
    Operations meet with other committees at the beginning of each Congress
    to discuss oversight plans and that the Government Operations Committee
    report to the House its oversight coordination recommendations within
    sixty days after convening of the first session was deleted (H. Res. 5,
    Jan. 6, 1987, p. 6). The 104th Congress added paragraph (d) to require
    that each standing committee adopt by February 15 of the first session
    of a Congress its oversight plans for that Congress, such plans to be
    submitted to the Committees on Government Reform and Oversight and House
    Oversight. The Committee on Government Reform and Oversight is required
    to report such plans to the House by March 31, with recommendations to
    ensure coordination among committees. Consideration of funding for each
    committee is contingent on submission of its oversight plans to the
    committees specified under paragraph (d)(1). The 104th Congress also
    added paragraph (e) to authorize the Speaker to appoint special, ad hoc
    oversight committees to review matters within the jurisdiction of more
    than one standing committee (sec. 203(a), H. Res. 6, Jan. 4, 1995, p. --
    --).

      Clause 2(a), and the first requirement of clause 2(b)(1) that each
    standing committee shall review the application, etc. of all laws within
    its jurisdiction, was originally contained in section 118(b) of the
    Legislative Reorganization Act of 1970 (84 Stat. 1140) and was made part
    of the standing rules on January 22, 1971 (H. Res. 5, p. 144). The
    oversight authority conferred by clause 2(b)(2) on the Committee on
    Government Operations (now Government Reform and Oversight) was first
    made effective as part of the Legislative Reorganization Act of 1946 (60
    Stat. 812), and the responsibility of the Committee on Appropriations
    set forth in clause 2(b)(3) was first given that committee on February
    11, 1943, p. 884, continued by resolution of January 9, 1945, p. 135,
    and incorporated into permanent law in section 202(b) of the Legislative
    Reorganization Act of 1946, and made a part of the standing rules on
    Jan. 3, 1953 (pp. 17, 24). Effective January 3, 1975 (H. Res. 988, 93d
    Cong., Oct. 8, 1974, p. 34470), the general oversight responsibilities
    set forth in the remainder of the clause were incor-

                           Special Oversight Functions

    Sec. 693. Special oversight.

      3.  (a) The Committee on
    National Security shall have the function of reviewing and studying, on
    a continuing basis, all laws, programs, and Government activities
    dealing with or involving international arms control and disarmament and
    the education of military dependents in schools.

      (b) The Committee on the Budget shall have the function of--

    [[Page 430]]

          (1) making continuing studies of the effect on budget outlays of
    relevant existing and proposed legislation, and reporting the results of
    such studies to the House on a recurring basis; and

          (2) requesting and evaluating continuing studies of tax
    expenditures, devising methods of coordinating tax expenditures,
    policies, and programs with direct budget outlays, and reporting the
    results of such studies to the House on a recurring basis.

      (c) The Committee on Education and the Workforce shall have the
    function of reviewing, studying, and coordinating, on a continuing
    basis, all laws, programs, and Government activities dealing with or
    involving domestic educational programs and institutions, and programs
    of student assistance, which are within the jurisdiction of other
    committees.

      (d) The Committee on International Relations shall have the function
    of reviewing and studying, on a continuing basis, all laws, programs,
    and Government activities dealing with or involving customs
    administration, intelligence activities relating to foreign policy,
    international financial and monetary organizations, and international
    fishing agreements.

      (e) The Committee on Resources shall have the function of reviewing
    and studying, on a continuing basis, all laws, programs, and Government
    activities dealing with Indians.

      (f) The Committee on Science shall have the function of reviewing and
    studying, on a continuing basis, all laws, programs, and Government
    activities dealing with or involving nonmilitary research and
    development.

    [[Page 431]]

    on a continuing basis, the problems of all
    types of small business.
      (g) The Committee on Small Business shall have the function of
    studying and investigating,

      (h) The Committee on Commerce shall have the function of reviewing and
    studying, on a continuing basis, all laws, programs and Government
    activities relating to nuclear and other energy, and nonmilitary nuclear
    energy and research and development including the disposal of nuclear
    waste.

      (i) The Committee on Rules shall have the function of reviewing and
    studying, on a continuing basis, the congressional budget process, and
    the committee shall, from time to time, report its findings and
    recommendations to the House.

    [[Page 432]]

    vide that the Speaker,
    the Majority and Minority Leaders, and the chairman and ranking minority
    member of the Committee on House Administration be informed of tie votes
    in that subcommittee (H. Res. 5, Jan. 5, 1993, p. ----), but paragraph
    (j) was deleted entirely in the 104th Congress (sec. 201(d), H. Res. 6,
    Jan. 4, 1995, p. ----). The names of the committees addressed in
    paragraphs (a), (c), (d), (e), (f), and (h) were changed at the
    beginning of the 104th Congress (sec. 202(b), H. Res. 6, Jan. 4, 1995,
    p. ----). Later in the 104th Congress conforming amendments to
    paragraphs (e) and (h) were adopted to reflect the transfer of
    jurisdiction over nonmilitary nuclear energy from the Committee on
    Resources to the Committee on Commerce (H. Res. 254, Nov. 30, 1995, p.
    ----). In the 105th Congress paragraph (c) was amended to reflect a
    further committee name change (H. Res. 5, Jan. 7, 1997, p. ----).

      The special oversight responsibilities of the Committee on the Budget
    set forth in clause 3(b) were made part of the rules effective July 12,
    1974 by section 101(c) of the Congressional Budget Act of 1974 (88 Stat.
    300). The remainder of the clause became effective January 3, 1975 (H.
    Res. 988, 93d Cong., Oct. 8, 1974, p. 34470) except that paragraph (h)
    was added on January 4, 1977, upon the abolition of the legislative
    jurisdiction in the House of the Joint Committee on Atomic Energy (H.
    Res. 5, 95th Cong., pp. 53-70) and the name of the Committee on
    International Relations was changed back to Foreign Affairs (H. Res. 89,
    Feb. 5, 1979, pp. 1848-49). Paragraph (e) was amended in the 103d
    Congress to reflect the change from Interior and Insular Affairs to
    Natural Resources (H. Res. 5, Jan. 5, 1993, p. ----). Paragraph (h) was
    amended in the 96th Congress to change the name of the Committee on
    Interstate and Foreign Commerce to the Committee on Energy and Commerce
    and to expand that committee's special oversight responsibilities over
    nuclear energy to all energy programs (H. Res. 549, Mar. 25, 1980, pp.
    6405-10) effective January 3, 1981. Paragraph (i) was added by section
    226 of P.L. 99-177, the Balanced Budget and Emergency Deficit Control
    Act of 1985 (Dec. 12, 1985). A paragraph (j) was added by section 9 of
    the House Administrative Reform Resolution of 1992 (H. Res. 423, Apr. 9,
    1992, p. ----) to establish a bipartisan Subcommittee on Administrative
    Oversight of the Committee on House Administration, to be chaired by the
    chairman of the Committee on House Administration and to be composed of
    members of the Committee on House Administration, one-half from the
    majority party and one-half from the minority party, and paragraph
    (j)(3) was rewritten in the 103d Congress to pro-

                       Additional Functions of Committees

    Sec. 694a. Committee on Appropriations; budget
    hearings.

      4.  (a)(1)(A) The Committee on Appropriations shall, within
    thirty days after the transmittal of the Budget to the Congress each
    year, hold hearings on the Budget as a whole with particular reference
    to--

                  (i) the basic recommendations and budgetary policies of
    the President in the presentation of the Budget; and

                  (ii) the fiscal, financial, and economic assumptions used
    as bases in arriving at total estimated expenditures and receipts.

              (B) In holding hearings pursuant to subdivision (A), the
    committee shall receive testimony from the Secretary of the Treasury,
    the Director of the Office of Management and Budget, the Chairman of the
    Council of Economic Advisers, and such other persons as the committee
    may desire.

    [[Page 433]]

    when the committee, in open
    session and with a quorum present, determines by rollcall vote that the
    testimony to be taken at that hearing on that day may be related to a
    matter of national security: Provided, however, That the committee may
    by the same procedure close one subsequent day of hearing. A transcript
    of all such hearings shall be printed and a copy thereof furnished to
    each Member, Delegate, and the Resident Commissioner from Puerto Rico.

    Sec. 694b. Procedure for budget
    hearings.

              (C)  Hearings pursuant to subdivision (A), or any part thereof,
    shall be held in open session, except

              (D) Hearings pursuant to subdivision (A), or any part thereof,
    may be held before joint meetings of the committee and the Committee on
    Appropriations of the Senate in accordance with such procedures as the
    two committees jointly may determine.

      This part of clause 4 was originally contained in section 242(c)(1) of
    the Legislative Reorganization Act of 1970 and was made part of the
    standing rules in the 92d Congress (H. Res. 5, Jan. 22, 1971, p. 144).
    Paragraph (a)(1)(C), requiring open hearings, was first adopted in the
    93d Congress (H. Res. 259, Mar. 7, 1973, pp. 6713-20), and was amended
    in the 94th Congress to limit the effect of a vote to close a hearing to
    that day and one subsequent day (H. Res. 5, Jan. 14, 1975, p. 20).

    [[Page 434]]

    in clause 4(h) in connection with the most recently agreed to
    concurrent resolution on the budget for such fiscal year, such bill or
    resolution shall then be referred to the Committee on Appropriations
    with instructions to report it, with the committee's recommendations and
    (if the committee deems it desirable) with an amendment limiting the
    total amount of new entitlement authority provided in the bill or
    resolution, within 15 calendar days (not counting any day on which the
    House is not in session) beginning with the day following the day on
    which it is so referred. If the Committee on Appropriations fails to
    report the bill or resolution within such 15-day period, the committee
    shall be automatically discharged from further consideration of the bill
    or resolution and the bill or resolution shall be placed on the
    appropriate calendar.

    Sec. 694c. Budget Act; 15day referral to
    Appropriations.

         (2)  Whenever any bill or resolution which provides new
    entitlement authority as defined in section 3(9) of the Congressional
    Budget Act of 1974 is reported by a committee of the House and the
    amount of new budget authority which will be required for the fiscal
    year involved if such bill or resolution is enacted as so reported
    exceeds the appropriate allocation of new budget authority reported as
    described

          (3) In addition, the Committee on Appropriations shall study on a
    continuing basis those provisions of law which (on the first day of the
    first fiscal year for which the congressional budget process is
    effective) provide spending authority or permanent budget authority and
    shall report to the House from time to time its recommendations for
    terminating or modifying such provisions.

    [[Page 435]]

    January 3, 1975 (H. Res. 988, 93d
    Cong., Oct. 8, 1974, p. 34470). Subparagraph (2) was amended in the
    105th Congress to reflect the repeal of the collective definition of
    ``new spending authority'' and the revision of various remaining parts
    (Budget Enforcement Act of 1997 (sec. 10116, P.L. 105-33)).

      Subparagraph (2) first became effective on July 12, 1974 by inclusion
    in section 401(b)(2) of the Congressional Budget Act of 1974 (88 Stat.
    317), was incorporated into the rules effective January 3, 1975 (H. Res.
    988, 93d Cong., Oct. 8, 1974, p. 34470), and was amended in the 95th
    Congress to correct an error in cross-reference (H. Res. 5, Jan. 4,
    1977, pp. 53-70). Subparagraph (3) was also contained in the
    Congressional Budget Act of 1974 in section 402(f), and was likewise
    incorporated into the rules effective

    Sec. 695. Budget.

      (b)  The Committee on the Budget shall have
    the duty--

          (1) to review on a continuing basis the conduct by the
    Congressional Budget Office of its functions and duties;

          (2) to hold hearings, and receive testimony from Members of
    Congress and such appropriate representatives of Federal departments and
    agencies, the general public, and national organizations as it deems
    desirable, in developing the concurrent resolutions on the budget for
    each fiscal year;

          (3) to make all reports required of it by the Congressional Budget
    Act of 1974, including the reporting of reconciliation bills and
    resolutions when so required;

          (4) to study on a continuing basis those provisions of law which
    exempt Federal agencies or any of their activities or outlays from
    inclusion in the Budget of the United States Government, and to report
    to the House from time to time its recommendations for terminating or
    modifying such provisions; and

    [[Page 436]]

          (5) to study on a continuing basis proposals designed to improve
    and facilitate methods of congressional budget-making, and to report to
    the House from time to time the results of such study together with its
    recommendations.

      Paragraph (b)(1) became a part of the rules on July 12, 1974 by
    enactment of section 101(c) of the Congressional Budget Act of 1974 (88
    Stat. 300). Subparagraph (2), contained in section 301(d) of that Act,
    subparagraph (3), subparagraph (4), contained in section 606 of that
    Act, and subparagraph (5), contained in section 703 of that Act, all
    were made part of the rules effective January 3, 1975 (H. Res. 988, 93d
    Cong., Oct. 8, 1974, p. 34470). Paragraph (b)(2) was amended in the 99th
    Congress by section 232 of the Balanced Budget and Emergency Deficit
    Control Act of 1985 (P.L. 99-177, Dec. 12, 1985) to remove reference to
    the first concurrent resolution on the budget.

    Sec. 696. Government Reform and Oversight.

      (c)(1)  The
    Committee on Government Reform and Oversight shall have the general
    function of--

              (A) receiving and examining reports of the Comptroller General
    of the United States and of submitting such recommendations to the House
    as it deems necessary or desirable in connection with the subject matter
    of such reports;

              (B) evaluating the effects of laws enacted to reorganize the
    legislative and executive branches of the Government; and

              (C) studying intergovernmental relationships between the
    United States and the States and municipalities, and between the United
    States and international organizations of which the United States is a
    member.

    [[Page 437]]

    committee's findings and
    recommendations in any such investigation shall be made available to the
    other standing committee or committees having jurisdiction over the
    matter involved (and included in the report of any such other committee
    when required by clause 2(l)(3) of rule XI).

          (2) In addition to its duties under subparagraph (1), the
    Committee on Government Reform and Oversight may at any time conduct
    investigations of any matter without regard to the provisions of clause
    1, 2, or 3 (or this clause) conferring jurisdiction over such matter
    upon another standing committee. The

    <>   (d)(1) The Committee on House
    Oversight shall have the function of--
      Paragraph (c)(1) became effective January 2, 1947 as part of the
    Legislative Reorganization Act of 1946 (60 Stat. 812). Paragraph (c)(2)
    was made a function of the Committee on Government Operations (now
    Government Reform and Oversight) effective January 3, 1975 (H. Res. 988,
    93d Cong., Oct. 8, 1974, p. 34470). The Committee was renamed in the
    104th Congress (sec. 202(b), H. Res. 6, Jan. 4, 1995, p. ----).

    Sec. 697b. Enrolled
    bills.

      (A) examining all bills, amendments, and joint resolutions after
    passage by the House and, in cooperation with the Senate, examining all
    bills and joint resolutions which shall have passed both Houses to see
    that they are correctly enrolled,  forthwith presenting those which originated in the House to the
    President of the United States in person after their signature by the
    Speaker of the House and the President of the Senate and reporting the
    fact and date of such presentation to the House;

    Sec. 697c. Direction of officers.

      (B)  providing policy
    direction for, and oversight of, the Clerk, Sergeant-at-Arms, Chief
    Administrative Officer, and Inspector General; and

    [[Page 438]]

    tion, or is not made dependent upon some future
    performance by the House of Representatives and promulgating regulations
    to carry out this paragraph.

    Sec. 697d. Acceptance of gifts.

      (C) accepting  a gift, other
    than as otherwise provided by law, if the gift does not involve any
    duty, burden, or condi-

    Sec. 697e. Approval of certain settlements.

      (2) An  employing
    office of the House of Representatives may enter a settlement of a
    complaint under the Congressional Accountability Act of 1995 that
    provides for the payment of funds only after receiving the joint
    approval of the chairman and the ranking minority party member of the
    Committee on House Oversight concerning the amount of such payment.

    [[Page 439]]

    establishment or continuation of any legislative service
    organization (as that term had been understood in the 103d Congress) and
    directed the Committee on House Oversight to take such steps as were
    necessary to ensure an orderly termination and accounting for funds of
    any legislative service organization in existence on January 3, 1995
    (sec. 222, H. Res. 6, Jan. 4, 1995, p. ----).

      The requirements set forth in paragraph (d)(1) were originally the
    responsibility of the Committee on Enrolled Bills created in 1789 (IV,
    4350), and became the responsibility of the Committee on House
    Administration (now House Oversight) when that Committee was created
    effective January 2, 1947 as part of the Legislative Reorganization Act
    of 1946 (60 Stat. 812). The Committee's duty to arrange for memorial
    services of Members was eliminated from the rules effective January 3,
    1975 (H. Res. 988, 93d Cong., Oct. 8, 1974, p. 34470), when paragraph
    (d)(3) required the Committee to provide a committee scheduling service.
    The use of that service, provided through House Information Resources,
    was made mandatory on all committees and subcommittees in the 97th
    Congress (H. Res. 5, Jan. 5, 1981, pp. 98-113), but the requirement was
    stricken altogether when two provisions were added by section 10 of the
    House Administrative Reform Resolution of 1992 (H. Res. 423, 102d Cong.,
    Apr. 9, 1992, p. ----) to ensure the orderly transfer of functions and
    entities from elected officers to the Director of Non-legislative and
    Financial Services and to provide for policy direction and oversight of
    both administrative officials and elected officers. In the 104th
    Congress the rule was amended (1) to reflect the change in the name of
    the Committee on House Administration to the Committee on House
    Oversight and (2) to reflect the abolishment of the Director of Non-
    legislative and Financial Services (sec. 201, H. Res. 6, Jan. 4, 1995,
    p. ----). Later in the 104th Congress the provision for the acceptance
    of gifts was added as paragraph (d)(3) (H. Res. 250, Nov. 16, 1995, p.
    ----). In the 105th Congress paragraph (d) was redesignated as (d)(1),
    its former subparagraphs (1) through (3) were redesignated as (1)(A)
    through (1)(C), and a new paragraph (d)(2) was added to require approval
    by the Committee for monetary settlements of certain employment claims
    (H. Res. 5, Jan. 7, 1997, p. ----). The 104th Congress also prohibited the

    [[Page 440]]

    tive vote of two-thirds of the members of
    the committee, any substantial evidence of a violation, by a Member,
    officer, or employee of the House, of any law applicable to the
    performance of his duties or the discharge of his responsibilities,
    which may have been disclosed in a committee investigation; (D) to give
    consideration to the request of any Member, officer, or employee of the
    House for an advisory opinion with respect to the general propriety of
    any current or proposed conduct of such Member, officer, or employee
    and, with appropriate deletions to assure the privacy of the individual
    concerned, to publish such opinion for the guidance of other Members,
    officers, and employees of the House; and (E) to give consideration to
    the request of any Member, officer, or employee of the House for a
    written waiver in exceptional circumstances with respect to clause 4 of
    rule XLIII.

    Sec. 698.
    Standards of Official Conduct; additional duties.

      (e)(1) The Committee on Standards of Official Conduct is authorized:
    (A) to recommend to the House from time to time such  administrative
    actions as it may deem appropriate to establish or enforce standards of
    official conduct for Members, officers, and employees of the House, and
    any letter of reproval or other administrative action of the committee
    pursuant to an investigation under subdivision (B) shall only be issued
    or implemented as a part of a report required by such subdivision; (B)
    to investigate, subject to subparagraph (2) of this paragraph, any
    alleged violation, by a Member, officer, or employee of the House, of
    the Code of Official Conduct or of any law, rule, regulation, or other
    standard of conduct applicable to the conduct of such Member, officer,
    or employee in the performance of his duties or the discharge of his
    responsibilities, and after notice and hearing (unless the right to a
    hearing is waived by the Member, officer, or employee), shall report to
    the House its findings of fact and recommendations, if any, upon the
    final disposition of any such investigation, and such action as the
    committee may deem appropriate in the circumstances; (C) to report to
    the appropriate Federal or State authorities, either with the approval
    of the House or by an affirma-

      (2)(A)(i) No resolution, report, recommendation, or advisory opinion
    relating to the official conduct of a Member, officer, or employee of
    the House shall be made by the Committee on Standards of Official
    Conduct, and, except as provided by subdivision (ii), no investigation
    of such conduct shall be undertaken by such committee, unless approved
    by the affirmative vote of a majority of the members of the committee.

    [[Page 441]]

    members to serve as an investigative subcommittee.
      (ii)(I) Upon the receipt of information offered as a complaint that is
    in compliance with this rule and the committee rules, the chairman and
    ranking minority member may jointly appoint

      (II) The chairman and ranking minority member of the committee may
    jointly gather additional information concerning alleged conduct which
    is the basis of a complaint or of information offered as a complaint
    until they have established an investigative subcommittee or the
    chairman or ranking minority member has placed on the committee agenda
    the issue of whether to establish an investigative subcommittee.

      (B) Except in the case of an investigation undertaken by the committee
    on its own initiative, the committee may undertake an investigation
    relating to the official conduct of an individual Member, officer, or
    employee of the House of Representatives only--

              (i) upon receipt of information offered as a complaint, in
    writing and under oath, made by a Member of the House and transmitted to
    the committee by such Member, or

    [[Page 442]]

    then the chairman and ranking minority member shall jointly establish an
    investigative subcommittee and forward the complaint, or any portion
    thereof, to that subcommittee for its consideration. However, if, at any
    time during those periods, either the chairman or ranking minority
    member places on the agenda the issue of whether to establish an
    investigative subcommittee, then an investigative subcommittee may be
    established only by an affirmative vote of a majority of the members of
    the committee.
              (ii) upon receipt of information offered as a complaint, in
    writing and under oath, from an individual not a Member of the House
    provided that a Member of the House certifies in writing to the
    committee that he or she believes the information is submitted in good
    faith and warrants the review and consideration of the committee.
    If a complaint is not disposed of within the applicable time periods set
    forth in the rules of the Committee on Standards of Official Conduct,

      (C) No investigation shall be undertaken by the committee of any
    alleged violation of a law, rule, regulation, or standard of conduct not
    in effect at the time of the alleged violation; nor shall any
    investigation be undertaken by the committee of any alleged violation
    which occurred before the third previous Congress unless the committee
    determines that the alleged violation is directly related to any alleged
    violation which occurred in a more recent Congress.

    [[Page 443]]

      (D) A member of the committee shall be ineligible to participate, as a
    member of the committee, in any committee proceeding relating to his or
    her official conduct. In any case in which a member of the committee is
    ineligible to act as a member of the committee under the preceding
    sentence, the Speaker of the House shall designate a Member of the House
    from the same political party as the ineligible member of the committee
    to act as a member of the committee in any committee proceeding relating
    to the official conduct of such ineligible member.

      (E) A member of the committee may disqualify himself from
    participating in any investigation of the conduct of a Member, officer,
    or employee of the House upon the submission in writing and under oath
    of an affidavit of disqualification stating that he cannot render an
    impartial and unbiased decision in the case in which he seeks to
    disqualify himself. If the committee approves and accepts such affidavit
    of disqualification, the chairman shall so notify the Speaker and
    request the Speaker to designate a Member of the House from the same
    political party as the disqualifying member of the committee to act as a
    member of the committee in any committee proceeding relating to such
    investigation.

      (F) No information or testimony received, or the contents of a
    complaint or the fact of its filing, shall be publicly disclosed by any
    Committee or staff member unless specifically authorized in each
    instance by a vote of the full Committee.

      (3)(A) Notwithstanding clause 2(g)(1) of rule XI, each meeting of the
    Committee on Standards of Official Conduct or any subcommittee thereof
    shall occur in executive session, unless the committee or subcommittee
    by an affirmative vote of a majority of its members opens the meeting to
    the public.

    [[Page 444]]

    mittee, in open session by an affirmative vote of a
    majority of its members, closes all or part of the remainder of the
    hearing on that day to the public.
      (B) Notwithstanding clause 2(g)(2) of rule XI, hearings of an
    adjudicatory subcommittee or sanction hearings held by the Committee on
    Standards of Official Conduct shall be held in open session unless the
    subcommittee or com-

      (4) Before any member, officer, or employee of the Committee on
    Standards of Official Conduct, including members of any subcommittee of
    the committee selected pursuant to clause 6(a)(3) and shared staff, may
    have access to information that is confidential under the rules of the
    committee, the following oath (or affirmation) shall be executed:

            ``I do solemnly swear (or affirm) that I will not disclose, to
    any person or entity outside the Committee on Standards of Official
    Conduct, any information received in the course of my service with the
    committee, except as authorized by the committee or in accordance with
    its rules.''
    Copies of the executed oath shall be retained by the Clerk of the House
    as part of the records of the House. This subparagraph establishes a
    standard of conduct within the meaning of subparagraph (1)(B). Breaches
    of confidentiality shall be investigated by the Committee on Standards
    of Official Conduct and appropriate action shall be taken.

    [[Page 445]]

    firmative vote of a majority of its members, deems
    appropriate in the circumstances.
      (5)(A) If a complaint or information offered as a complaint is deemed
    frivolous by an affirmative vote of a majority of the members of the
    Committee on Standards of Official Conduct, the committee may take such
    action as it, by an af-

      (B) Complaints filed before the One Hundred Fifth Congress may not be
    deemed frivolous by the Committee on Standards of Official Conduct.

      The investigative authority contained in paragraph (e) was first
    conferred upon the Committee in the 90th Congress (H. Res. 1099, Apr. 3,
    1968, p. 8802). Effective January 3, 1975, the former requirement in
    paragraph (e)(2)(A) that seven committee members must authorize an
    investigation was changed to permit a majority of the Committee to
    provide that authorization (H. Res. 988, 93d Cong., Oct. 8, 1974, p.
    34470). Paragraph (e)(2)(A) was further amended in the 105th Congress to
    permit the chairman and ranking minority member, with respect to a
    properly filed complaint, to gather additional information or to
    establish an investigative subcommittee (sec. 11, H. Res. 168, Sept. 18,
    1997, p. ----). Paragraph (e)(2)(E) was added in the 95th Congress (H.
    Res. 5, Jan. 4, 1977, pp. 53-70), to provide a mechanism for a committee
    member to disqualify himself from participating in an investigation, and
    paragraph (e)(2)(F) was added in the 96th Congress (H. Res. 5, Jan. 15,
    1979, p. 8).

      Clause 4(e) was amended in several particulars by the Ethics Reform
    Act of 1989 (P.L. 101-194): (1) paragraph (e)(1)(A) was amended to
    enable a letter of reproval or other administrative action of the
    Committee to be implemented as part of a report to the House, with no
    action required of the House; (2) subparagraph (1)(B) was amended to
    require the Committee to report to the House its findings of fact and
    any recommendations respecting the final disposition of a matter in
    which it votes to undertake an investigation; (3) a new subparagraph
    (1)(E) was added to empower the Committee to consider requests that the
    rule restricting the acceptance of gifts be waived in exceptional
    circumstances; and (4) subparagraph (2)(C) was amended to set a general
    limitation on actions for committee consideration of ethics matters.

      In the beginning of the 105th Congress a new subparagraph (3) was
    added at the end of clause 4(e) to establish a Select Committee on
    Ethics only to resolve an inquiry originally undertaken by the standing
    Committee on Standards of Official Conduct in the 104th Congress (H.
    Res. 5, Jan. 7, 1997, p. ----). The Select Committee filed one report to
    the House (H. Rept. 105-1, H. Res. 31, Jan. 21, 1997, p. ----). The
    current form of subparagraph (3) was adopted later in the 105th Congress
    (sec. 5, H. Res. 168, Sept. 18, 1997, p. ----).

    [[Page 446]]

    filing of complaints by non-Members (sec. 11, H. Res.
    168, Sept. 18, 1997, p. ----); and (3) paragraph (e)(1)(C) was amended
    to permit the Committee to report to the appropriate authorities
    substantial evidence of a violation of law by an affirmative vote of
    two-thirds of the members of the Committee (sec. 18, H. Res. 168, Sept.
    18, 1997, p. ----).
      Additional amendments to paragraph (e) were adopted in the 105th
    Congress as follows: (1) subparagraphs (4) and (5) were adopted (sec. 6
    and sec. 19, H. Res. 168, Sept. 18, 1997, p. ----); (2) paragraph
    (e)(2)(B) was amended to address the disposition of a complaint after
    expiration of periods set forth in the Committee rules and to specify
    parameters for the

      The Ethics Reform Act of 1989 (P.L. 101-194) contains free-standing
    provisions requiring: (1) that the respective party caucuses nominate
    seven majority and seven minority members [although in the 104th
    Congress only five returning majority and five returning minority
    members were initially elected (H. Res. 41, H. Res. 42, Jan. 20, 1995,
    p. ----), and in the 105th Congress only the chairman and ranking
    minority member were elected initially pending recommendations by a 12-
    member bipartisan task force informally appointed by the Majority and
    Minority Leaders to conduct a comprehensive review of the House ethics
    process (H. Res. 12, Jan. 7, 1997, p. ----; H. Res. 44, Feb. 10, 1997,
    p. ----)]; (2) that the Committee adopt rules establishing investigative
    and adjudicative subcommittees; and (3) that the Committee adopt rules
    establishing an Office on Advice and Education (see sec. 803(b), (c),
    (d), and (i), P.L. 101-194, 2 U.S.C. 29d). The texts of those provisions
    are set forth below. Section 803(b), (c), and (d) should be read in
    light of H. Res. 168, adopted in the 105th Congress and described later
    in this annotation.

     ``Sec. 803. Reforms Respecting the Committee on Standards of Official
                                   __________

                                   Conduct.--

                                      * * *

      ``(b) committee composition.--The respective party caucus or
    conference of the House of Representatives shall each nominate to the
    House of Representatives at the beginning of each Congress 7 members to
    serve on the Committee on Standards of Official Conduct.

      ``(c) investigative subcommittees.--The Committee on Standards of
    Official Conduct shall adopt rules providing--

              ``(1) for the establishment of a 4 or 6-member investigative

            subcommittee (with equal representation from the majority and

            minority parties) whenever the committee votes to undertake any

            investigation;

              ``(2) that the senior majority and minority members on an

            investigative subcommittee shall serve as the chairman and

            ranking minority member of the subcommittee; and

              ``(3) that the chairman and ranking minority member of the

            full committee may only serve as non-voting, ex officio members

    [[Page 447]]

            on an investigative subcommittee.
    ``Clause 5(d) of rule XI of the Rules of the House of Representatives
    shall not apply to any investigative subcommittee.

      ``(d) adjudicatory subcommittees.--The Committee on Standards of
    Official Conduct shall adopt rules providing--

              ``(1) that upon the completion of an investigation, an

            investigative subcommittee shall report its findings and

            recommendations to the committee;

              ``(2) that, if an investigative subcommittee by majority vote

            of its membership adopts a statement of alleged violation, the

            remaining members of the committee shall comprise an

            adjudicatory subcommittee to hold a disciplinary hearing on the

            violation alleged in the statement;

              ``(3) that any statement of alleged violation and any written

            response thereto shall be made public at the first meeting or

            hearing on the matter which is open to the public after the

            respondent has been given full opportunity to respond to the

            statement in accordance with committee rules, but, if no public

            hearing or meeting is held on the matter, the statement of

            alleged violation and any written response thereto shall be

            included in the committee's final report to the House of

            Representatives as required by clause 4(e)(1)(B) of rule X of

            the Rules of the House of Representatives;

              ``(4) that a quorum for an adjudicatory subcommittee for the

            purpose of taking testimony and conducting any business shall

            consist of a majority of the membership of the subcommittee plus

            one; and

              ``(5) that an adjudicatory subcommittee shall determine, after

            receiving evidence, whether the counts in the statement have

            been proved and shall report its findings to the committee.
    ``Clause 5(d) of rule XI of the Rules of the House of Representatives
    shall not apply to any adjudicatory subcommittee.

                                      * * *

      ``(i) advice and education.--(1) The Committee on Standards of
    Official Conduct shall establish within the Committee an Office on
    Advice and Education (hereinafter in this subsection referred to as the
    `Office') under the supervision of the chairman.

              ``(2) The Office shall be headed by a director who shall be

            appointed by the chairman, in consultation with the ranking

            minority member, and shall be comprised of such staff as the

            chairman determines is necessary to carry out the

            responsibilities of the Office.

              ``(3) The primary responsibilities of the Office shall

            include:

                      ``(A) Providing information and guidance to Members,

                    officers and employees of the House regarding any laws,

                    rules, regulations, and other standards of conduct

                    applicable to such individuals in their official

                    capacities, and any interpretations and advisory

                    opinions of the committee.

                      ``(B) Submitting to the chairman and ranking minority

                    member of the committee any written request from any

                    such Member, officer or employee for an interpretation

    [[Page 448]]

                    of applicable laws,

                    rules, regulations, or other standards of conduct, together

                    with any recommendations thereon.

                      ``(C) Recommending to the committee for its

                    consideration formal advisory opinions of general

                    applicability.

                      ``(D) Developing and carrying out, subject to the

                    approval of the chairman, periodic educational briefings

                    for Members, officers and employees of the House on

                    those laws, rules, regulations, or other standards of

                    conduct applicable to them.

              ``(4) No information provided to the Committee on Standards of

            Official Conduct by a Member, officer or employee of the House

            of Representatives when seeking advice regarding prospective

            conduct of such Member, officer or employee may be used as the

            basis for initiating an investigation under clause 4(e)(1)(B) of

            rule X of the Rules of the House of Representatives, if such

            Member, officer or employee acts in accordance with the written

            advice of the committee.''.

                                   __________

      In the 105th Congress a 12-member bipartisan task force was informally
    appointed by the Majority and Minority Leaders to conduct a
    comprehensive review of the House ethics process. At the same time an
    order of the House was adopted imposing a moratorium on filing or
    processing ethics complaints and on raising certain questions of
    privilege under rule IX with respect to official conduct. The moratorium
    was imposed in the expectation that the recommendations of the task
    force would include changes relating to the Committee on Standards of
    Official Conduct and the process by which the House enforces standards
    of official conduct (Feb. 12, 1997, p. ----). The moratorium was
    extended through September 10, 1997 (July 30, 1997, p. ----). On
    September 18, 1997, the House adopted the recommendations of the task
    force with certain amendments (H. Res. 168, 105th Cong., p. ----), which
    included not only changes to the standing rules of the House but also
    free-standing directives to the Committee on Standards of Official
    Conduct. The texts of those free-standing provisions are set forth
    below.

                                   __________

                                  ``H. Res. 168

    ``SEC. 3. COMMITTEE AGENDAS.
                                      * * *

    ``SEC. 4. COMMITTEE STAFF.
      ``The Committee on Standards of Official Conduct shall adopt rules
    providing that the chairman shall establish the agenda for meetings of
    the committee, but shall not preclude the ranking minority member from
    placing any item on the agenda.

    [[Page 449]]

      ``(a) Committee Rules.--The Committee on Standards of Official Conduct
    shall adopt rules providing that:

              ``(1)(A) The staff is to be assembled and retained as a

            professional, nonpartisan staff.

              ``(B) Each member of the staff shall be professional and

            demonstrably qualified for the position for which he is hired.

              ``(C) The staff as a whole and each member of the staff shall

            perform all official duties in a nonpartisan manner.

              ``(D) No member of the staff shall engage in any partisan

            political activity directly affecting any congressional or

            presidential election.

              ``(E) No member of the staff or outside counsel may accept

            public speaking engagements or write for publication on any

            subject that is in any way related to his or her employment or

            duties with the committee without specific prior approval from

            the chairman and ranking minority member.

              ``(F) No member of the staff or outside counsel may make

            public, unless approved by an affirmative vote of a majority of

            the members of the committee, any information, document, or

            other material that is confidential, derived from executive

            session, or classified and that is obtained during the course of

            employment with the committee.

              ``(2)(A) All staff members shall be appointed by an

            affirmative vote of a majority of the members of the committee.

            Such vote shall occur at the first meeting of the membership of

            the committee during each Congress and as necessary during the

            Congress.

              ``(B) Subject to the approval of Committee on House Oversight,

            the committee may retain counsel not employed by the House of

            Representatives whenever the committee determines, by an

            affirmative vote of a majority of the members of the committee,

            that the retention of outside counsel is necessary and

            appropriate.

              ``(C) If the committee determines that it is necessary to

            retain staff members for the purpose of a particular

            investigation or other proceeding, then such staff shall be

            retained only for the duration of that particular investigation

            or proceeding.

              ``(3) Outside counsel may be dismissed prior to the end of a

            contract between the committee and such counsel only by an

            affirmative vote of a majority of the members of the committee.

              ``(4) Only subparagraphs (C), (E), and (F) of paragraph (1)

            shall apply to shared staff.

    ``SEC. 5. MEETINGS AND HEARINGS.

      ``(b) Additional Committee Staff.--In addition to any other staff
    provided for by law, rule, or other authority, with respect to the
    Committee on Standards of Official Conduct, the chairman and ranking
    minority member each may appoint one individual as a shared staff member
    from his or her personal staff to perform service for the committee.
    Such shared staff may assist the chairman or ranking minority member on
    any subcommittee on which he serves.

    [[Page 450]]

                                      * * *

      ``(b) Committee Rules.--The Committee on Standards of Official Conduct
    shall adopt rules providing that--

              ``(1) all meetings of the committee or any subcommittee

            thereof shall occur in executive session unless the committee or

            subcommittee by an affirmative vote of a majority of its members

            opens the meeting or hearing to the public; and

              ``(2) any hearing held by an adjudicatory subcommittee or any

            sanction hearing held by the committee shall be open to the

            public unless the committee or subcommittee by an affirmative

            vote of a majority of its members closes the hearing to the

            public.

    ``SEC. 7. PUBLIC DISCLOSURE.
                                      * * *

      ``The Committee on Standards of Official Conduct shall adopt rules
    providing that, unless otherwise determined by a vote of the committee,
    only the chairman or ranking minority member, after consultation with
    each other, may make public statements regarding matters before the
    committee or any subcommittee thereof.

    ``SEC. 10. REQUIREMENTS TO CONSTITUTE A COMPLAINT.
                                      * * *

    ``SEC. 11. DUTIES OF CHAIRMAN AND RANKING MINORITY MEMBER REGARDING
    PROPERLY FILED COMPLAINTS.
      ``The Committee on Standards of Official Conduct shall amend its rules
    regarding complaints to provide that whenever information offered as a
    complaint is submitted to the committee, the chairman and ranking
    minority member shall have 14 calendar days or 5 legislative days,
    whichever occurs first, to determine whether the information meets the
    requirements of the committee's rules for what constitutes a complaint.

      ``(a) Committee Rules.--The Committee on Standards of Official Conduct
    shall adopt rules providing that whenever the chairman and ranking
    minority member jointly determine that information submitted to the
    committee meets the requirements of the committee's rules for what
    constitutes a complaint, they shall have 45 calendar days or 5
    legislative days, whichever is later, after the date that the chairman
    and ranking minority member determine that information filed meets the
    requirements of the committee's rules for what constitutes a complaint,
    unless the committee by an affirmative vote of a majority of its members
    votes otherwise, to--

              ``(1) recommend to the committee that it dispose of the

            complaint, or any portion thereof, in any manner that does not

            require action by the House, which may include dismissal of the

            complaint or resolution of the complaint by a letter to the

            Member, officer, or employee of the House against whom the

            complaint is made;

              ``(2) establish an investigative subcommittee; or

              ``(3) request that the committee extend the applicable 45-

            calendar day or 5-legislative day period by one additional 45-

    [[Page 451]]

            calendar day pe-

            riod when they determine more time is necessary

            in order to make a recommendation under paragraph (1).

                                      * * *

      ``(c) Disposition of Properly Filed Complaints by Chairman and Ranking
    Minority Member if no Action Taken by Them Within Prescribed Time
    Limit.--The Committee on Standards of Official Conduct shall adopt rules
    providing that if the chairman and ranking minority member jointly
    determine that information submitted to the committee meets the
    requirements of the committee rules for what constitutes a complaint,
    and the complaint is not disposed of within the applicable time periods
    under subsection (a), then they shall establish an investigative
    subcommittee and forward the complaint, or any portion thereof, to that
    subcommittee for its consideration. However, if, at any time during
    those periods, either the chairman or ranking minority member places on
    the agenda the issue of whether to establish an investigative
    subcommittee, then an investigative subcommittee may be established only
    by an affirmative vote of a majority of the members of the committee.

    ``SEC. 12. DUTIES OF CHAIRMAN AND RANKING MINORITY MEMBER REGARDING
    INFORMATION NOT CONSTITUTING A COMPLAINT.
                                      * * *

      ``The Committee on Standards of Official Conduct shall adopt rules
    providing that whenever the chairman and ranking minority member jointly
    determine that information submitted to the committee does not meet the
    requirements for what constitutes a complaint set forth in the committee
    rules, they may--

              ``(1) return the information to the complainant with a

            statement that it fails to meet the requirements for what

            constitutes a complaint set forth in the committee's rules; or

              ``(2) recommend to the committee that it authorize the

    ``SEC. 13. INVESTIGATIVE AND ADJUDICATORY SUBCOMMITTEES.
            establishment of an investigative subcommittee.

      ``The Committee on Standards of Official Conduct shall adopt rules
    providing that--

              ``(1)(A) investigative subcommittees shall be comprised of 4

            Members (with equal representation from the majority and

            minority parties) whenever such subcommittee is established

            pursuant to the rules of the committee; and

              ``(B) adjudicatory subcommittees shall be comprised of the

            members of the committee who did not serve on the investigative

            subcommittee (with equal representation from the majority and

            minority parties) whenever such subcommittee is established

    [[Page 452]]

            pursuant to the rules of the committee;

              ``(2) at the time of appointment, the chairman shall designate

            one member of the subcommittee to serve as chairman and the

            ranking minority member shall designate one member of the

            subcommittee to serve as the ranking minority member of the

            investigative subcommittee or adjudicatory subcommittee; and

              ``(3) the chairman and ranking minority member of the

            committee may serve as members of an investigative subcommittee,

    ``SEC. 14. STANDARD OF PROOF FOR ADOPTION OF STATEMENT OF ALLEGED
    VIOLATION.
            but may not serve as non-voting, ex officio members.

    ``SEC. 15. SUBCOMMITTEE POWERS.
      ``The Committee on Standards of Official Conduct shall amend its rules
    to provide that an investigative subcommittee may adopt a statement of
    alleged violation only if it determines by an affirmative vote of a
    majority of the members of the committee that there is substantial
    reason to believe that a violation of the Code of Official Conduct, or
    of a law, rule, regulation, or other standard of conduct applicable to
    the performance of official duties or the discharge of official
    responsibilities by a Member, officer, or employee of the House of
    Representatives has occurred.

      ``(a) Subpoena Power.--

                                      * * *

              ``(2) Committee rules.--The Committee on Standards of Official

            Conduct shall adopt rules providing that an investigative

            subcommittee or an adjudicatory subcommittee may authorize and

            issue subpoenas only when authorized by an affirmative vote of a

            majority of the members of the subcommittee.

      ``(b) Expansion of Scope of Investigations.--The Committee on
    Standards of Official Conduct shall adopt rules providing that an
    investigative subcommittee may, upon an affirmative vote of a majority
    of its members, expand the scope of its investigation approved by an
    affirmative vote of a majority of the members of the committee.

      ``(c) Amendments of Statements of Alleged Violation.--The Committee on
    Standards of Official Conduct shall adopt rules to provide that--

              ``(1) an investigative subcommittee may, upon an affirmative

            vote of a majority of its members, amend its statement of

            alleged violation anytime before the statement of alleged

            violation is transmitted to the committee; and

              ``(2) if an investigative subcommittee amends its statement of

            alleged violation, the respondent shall be notified in writing

            and shall have 30 calendar days from the date of that

            notification to file an answer to the amended statement of

    ``SEC. 16. DUE PROCESS RIGHTS OF RESPONDENTS.
            alleged violation.

    [[Page 453]]

      ``The Committee on Standards of Official Conduct shall amend its rules
    to provide that--

              ``(1) not less than 10 calendar days before a scheduled vote

            by an investigative subcommittee on a statement of alleged

            violation, the subcommittee shall provide the respondent with a

            copy of the statement of alleged violation it intends to adopt

            together with all evidence it intends to use to prove those

            charges which it intends to adopt, including documentary

            evidence, witness testimony, memoranda of witness interviews,

            and physical evidence, unless the subcommittee by an affirmative

            vote of a majority of its members decides to withhold certain

            evidence in order to protect a witness, but if such evidence is

            withheld, the subcommittee shall inform the respondent that

            evidence is being withheld and of the count to which such

            evidence relates;

              ``(2) neither the respondent nor his counsel shall, directly

            or indirectly, contact the subcommittee or any member thereof

            during the period of time set forth in paragraph (1) except for

            the sole purpose of settlement discussions where counsels for

            the respondent and the subcommittee are present;

              ``(3) if, at any time after the issuance of a statement of

            alleged violation, the committee or any subcommittee thereof

            determines that it intends to use evidence not provided to a

            respondent under paragraph (1) to prove the charges contained in

            the statement of alleged violation (or any amendment thereof),

            such evidence shall be made immediately available to the

            respondent, and it may be used in any further proceeding under

            the committee's rules;

              ``(4) evidence provided pursuant to paragraph (1) or (3) shall

            be made available to the respondent and his or her counsel only

            after each agrees, in writing, that no document, information, or

            other materials obtained pursuant to that paragraph shall be

            made public until--

                      ``(A) such time as a statement of alleged violation is

                    made public by the committee if the respondent has

                    waived the adjudicatory hearing; or

                      ``(B) the commencement of an adjudicatory hearing if

                    the respondent has not waived an adjudicatory hearing;

            ``but the failure of respondent and his counsel to so agree in

            writing, and therefore not receive the evidence, shall not

            preclude the issuance of a statement of alleged violation at the

            end of the period referred to in paragraph (1);

              ``(5) a respondent shall receive written notice whenever--

                      ``(A) the chairman and ranking minority member

                    determine that information the committee has received

                    constitutes a complaint;

                      ``(B) a complaint or allegation is transmitted to an

                    investigative subcommittee;

                      ``(C) that subcommittee votes to authorize its first

                    subpoena or to take testimony under oath, whichever

    [[Page 454]]

                    occurs first; and

                      ``(D) an investigative subcommittee votes to expand

                    the scope of its investigation;

              ``(6) whenever an investigative subcommittee adopts a

            statement of alleged violation and a respondent enters into an

            agreement with that subcommittee to settle a complaint on which

            that statement is based, that agreement, unless the respondent

            requests otherwise, shall be in writing and signed by the

            respondent and respondent's counsel, the chairman and ranking

            minority member of the subcommittee, and the outside counsel, if

            any;

              ``(7) statements or information derived solely from a

            respondent or his counsel during any settlement discussions

            between the committee or a subcommittee thereof and the

            respondent shall not be included in any report of the

            subcommittee or the committee or otherwise publicly disclosed

            without the consent of the respondent; and

              ``(8) whenever a motion to establish an investigative

            subcommittee does not prevail, the committee shall promptly send

    ``SEC. 17. COMMITTEE REPORTING REQUIREMENTS.
            a letter to the respondent informing him of such vote.

      ``The Committee on Standards of Official Conduct shall amend its rules
    to provide that--

              ``(1) whenever an investigative subcommittee does not adopt a

            statement of alleged violation and transmits a report to that

            effect to the committee, the committee may by an affirmative

            vote of a majority of its members transmit such report to the

            House of Representatives; and

              ``(2) whenever an investigative subcommittee adopts a

            statement of alleged violation, the respondent admits to the

            violations set forth in such statement, the respondent waives

            his or her right to an adjudicatory hearing, and the

            respondent's waiver is approved by the committee--

                      ``(A) the subcommittee shall prepare a report for

                    transmittal to the committee, a final draft of which

                    shall be provided to the respondent not less than 15

                    calendar days before the subcommittee votes on whether

                    to adopt the report;

                      ``(B) the respondent may submit views in writing

                    regarding the final draft to the subcommittee within 7

                    calendar days of receipt of that draft;

                      ``(C) the subcommittee shall transmit a report to the

                    committee regarding the statement of alleged violation

                    together with any views submitted by the respondent

                    pursuant to subparagraph (B), and the committee shall

                    make the report together with the respondent's views

                    available to the public before the commencement of any

                    sanction hearing; and

                      ``(D) the committee shall by an affirmative vote of a

                    majority of its members issue a report and transmit such

                    report to the House of Representatives, together with

    [[Page 455]]

                    the respondent's views

                    previously submitted pursuant to

                    subparagraph (B) and any additional views respondent may

                    submit for attachment to the final report; and

              ``(3) members of the committee shall have not less than 72

            hours to review any report transmitted to the committee by an

            investigative subcommittee before both the commencement of a

            sanction hearing and the committee vote on whether to adopt the

            report.

    ``SEC. 20. TECHNICAL AMENDMENTS.
                                      * * *

      ``The Committee on Standards of Official Conduct shall--

              ``(1) clarify its rules to provide that whenever the committee

            votes to authorize an investigation on its own initiative, the

            chairman and ranking minority member shall establish an

            investigative subcommittee to undertake such investigation;

              ``(2) revise its rules to refer to hearings held by an

            adjudicatory subcommittee as adjudicatory hearings; and

              ``(3) make such other amendments to its rules as necessary to

    ``SEC. 21. EFFECTIVE DATE.
            conform such rules to this resolution.

      ``This resolution and the amendments made by it apply with respect to
    any complaint or information offered as a complaint that is or has been
    filed during this Congress.''

                                   __________

    [[Page 456]]

    1992, p. ----); and to investigate violations of confidentiality by staff
    engaged in the investigation of the operation and management of the Office
    of the Postmaster (July 22, 1992, p. ----). In compliance with one such
    direction of the House, the Acting Chairman of the Committee on
    Standards of Official Conduct inserted in the Record names and pertinent
    account information of Members and former Members found to have abused
    the privileges of the ``bank'' in the Office of the Sergeant-at-Arms (H.
    Res. 393, Apr. 1, 1992, p. ----).
      On occasions where the House has directed the Committee to conduct
    specific investigations by separate resolution, it has authorized the
    Committee to take depositions with one Member present, notwithstanding
    clause 2(h)(1) of rule XI, to serve subpoenas within or without the
    United States, and to participate by special counsel in relevant
    judicial proceedings (see H. Res. 252, 95th Cong., Feb. 9, 1977, pp.
    3966-75; H. Res. 608, Mar. 27, 1980, pp. 6995-98; H. Res. 254, June 30,
    1983, p. 18279), and to investigate persons other than Members, officers
    and employees with expanded subpoena authority (see H. Res. 1054, 94th
    Cong., Mar. 3, 1976, pp. 5165-68). By unanimous consent the Committee
    was authorized to receive evidence and take testimony before a quorum of
    one of its Members for the remainder of the second session of the 100th
    Congress (Oct. 13, 1988, p. 30467). By resolutions considered as
    questions of the privileges of the House, the Committee has been
    directed to investigate illegal solicitation of political contributions
    in the House Office Building by unnamed sitting Members (July 10, 1985,
    p. 18397); to review GAO audits of the operations of the ``bank'' in the
    Office of the Sergeant-at-Arms (Oct. 3, 1991, p. 25435), to disclose the
    names and pertinent account information of Members and former Members
    found to have abused the privileges of that entity (Mar. 12, 1992, p. --
    --), and to disclose further account information respecting Members and
    former Members having checks held by that entity (Mar. 12,

      Under clause 4(e)(2)(D) a member of the Committee on Standards of
    Official Conduct is ineligible to participate in a Committee proceeding
    relating to that member's official conduct. Upon notification to the
    Speaker of such ineligibility, the Speaker designates another Member of
    the same political party as the ineligible member to serve on the
    Committee during proceedings relating to that conduct (Speaker O'Neill,
    Feb. 5, 1980, p. 1908; July 23, 1996, p. ----). Under clause 4(e)(2)(E),
    a member of the Committee may be recused from serving on the Committee
    during proceedings relating to a pending investigation by submitting an
    affidavit of disqualification to the Committee stating that the member
    cannot render an impartial and unbiased decision relating to that
    investigation. If the Committee accepts the affidavit, the chairman
    notifies the Speaker and requests the Speaker to designate another
    Member from the same political party as the disqualified member to serve
    on the Committee during proceedings relating to that investigation
    (Speaker O'Neill, Mar. 18, 1980).

      The committee has compiled statutory and rule-based ethical standards
    in the House Ethics Manual (102d Cong., 2d Sess.). In the Manual, the
    Committee incorporates its advisory opinions issued under clause
    4(e)(1)(D) of rule X, together with advisory opinions issued by the
    former Select Committee on Ethics, in its discussions of various ethical
    issues, including gifts, outside income, financial disclosure, staff
    rights and duties, official allowances and franking, casework
    considerations, campaign financing and practices, and involvement with
    official and unofficial organizations.

    [[Page 457]]

    purposes of this paragraph a Government agency includes the
    organizational units of government listed in clause 7(c) of rule XIII.

    Sec. 699a. Annual appropriations.

      (f)(1)  Each standing
    committee of the House shall, in its consideration of all bills and
    joint resolutions of a public character within its jurisdiction, insure
    that appropriations for continuing programs and activities of the
    Federal Government and the District of Columbia government will be made
    annually to the maximum extent feasible and consistent with the nature,
    requirements, and objectives of the programs and activities involved.
    For the

      (2) Each standing committee of the House shall review, from time to
    time, each continuing program within its jurisdiction for which
    appropriations are not made annually in order to ascertain whether such
    program could be modified so that appropriations therefor would be made
    annually.

      The provisions of paragraph (f) derive from section 253(c) of the
    Legislative Reorganization Act of 1970 (84 Stat. 1140), and were made
    part of the rules in the 92d Congress (H. Res. 5, Jan. 22, 1971, p.
    144).

    [[Page 458]]

    the basis for an increase or decrease in the statutory limit on
    such debt under the procedures provided by rule XLIX.

    Sec.
    699b. Concurrent resolution on Budget.

      (g) Each standing committee of the House shall, not later than 6 weeks
    after the President submits his budget, submit to the Committee on the
    Budget (1) its views and estimates with respect to all  matters to be set forth in the
    concurrent resolution on the budget for the ensuing fiscal year which
    are within its jurisdiction or functions, and (2) an estimate of the
    total amounts of new budget authority, and budget outlays resulting
    therefrom, to be provided or authorized in all bills and resolutions
    within its jurisdiction which it intends to be effective during that
    fiscal year. The views and estimates submitted by the Committee on Ways
    and Means under the preceding sentence shall include a specific
    recommendation, made after holding public hearings, as to the
    appropriate level of the public debt which should be set forth in the
    concurrent resolution on the budget referred to in such sentence and
    serve as

      (h) As soon as practicable after a concurrent resolution on the budget
    for any fiscal year is agreed to, each standing committee of the House
    (after consulting with the appropriate committee or committees of the
    Senate) shall subdivide any allocations made to it in the joint
    explanatory statement accompanying the conference report on such
    resolution, and promptly report such subdivisions to the House, in the
    manner provided by section 302 of the Congressional Budget Act of 1974.

    Sec. 699c. Reconciliation
    process.

      (i) Each standing committee of the House which is directed in a
    concurrent resolution on the budget to  determine and recommend changes in laws, bills, or
    resolutions under the reconciliation process shall promptly make such
    determination and recommendations, and report a reconciliation bill or
    resolution (or both) to the House or submit such recommendations to the
    Committee on the Budget, in accordance with the Congressional Budget Act
    of 1974.

    [[Page 459]]

    amending the rules of the House were made applicable to
    the third concurrent resolution on the budget for fiscal year 1980 as
    well as the first concurrent resolution on the budget for fiscal 1981
    (H. Res. 642, Apr. 23, 1980, pp. 8789-90). In the 99th Congress the
    requirement in paragraph (g) for submissions to the Committee on the
    Budget by March 15 was changed to February 25 by section 232(c) of the
    Balanced Budget and Emergency Deficit Control Act of 1985 (P.L. 99-177,
    Dec. 12, 1985). In the 105th Congress a conforming change was made to
    paragraph (g) by the Budget Enforcement Act of 1997 (sec. 10104, P.L.
    105-33). Paragraph (h) was amended by the Budget Enforcement Act of 1990
    (tit. XIII, P.L. 101-508) to conform to the enactment of title VI of the
    Budget Act. It was again amended by the Budget Enforcement Act of 1997
    (sec. 10118, P.L. 105-33) to conform to the subsequent repeal of title
    VI.

      The requirements of paragraphs (g), (h), and (i) were originally
    contained in sections 301(c), 302(b), and 310(c) respectively of the
    Congressional Budget Act of 1974 (P.L. 93-344, July 12, 1974), and were
    incorporated into this rule effective January 3, 1975 (H. Res. 988, 93d
    Cong., Oct. 8, 1974, p. 34470). The requirement in paragraph (g) that
    the Committee on Ways and Means include a specific recommendation as to
    the appropriate level of the public debt in its views and estimates
    submitted to the Committee on the Budget was added in the 96th Congress
    by Public Law 96-78 (93 Stat. 589) and was originally intended to apply
    to concurrent resolutions on the budget for fiscal years beginning on or
    after October 1, 1980. However, in the 96th Congress the provisions of
    that public law

         Referral of Bills, Resolutions, and Other Matters to Committees

    Sec. 700. Referral procedures.

      5.  (a) Each bill, resolution,
    or other matter which relates to a subject listed under any standing
    committee named in clause 1 shall be referred by the Speaker in
    accordance with the provisions of this clause.

      (b) Every referral of any matter under paragraph (a) shall be made in
    such manner as to assure to the maximum extent feasible that each
    committee which has jurisdiction under clause 1 over the subject matter
    of any provision thereof will have responsibility for considering such
    provision and reporting to the House with respect thereto. Any
    precedents, rulings, and procedures in effect prior to the 94th Congress
    shall be applied with respect to referrals under this clause only to the
    extent that they will contribute to the achievement of the objectives of
    this clause.

    [[Page 460]]

    also may refer the matter to one or more additional committees, for
    consideration in sequence (subject to appropriate time limitations),
    either on its initial referral or after the matter has been reported by
    the committee of primary jurisdiction; or may refer portions of the
    matter to one or more additional committees (reflecting different
    subjects and jurisdictions) for the consideration only of designated
    portions; or may refer the matter to a special ad hoc committee
    appointed by the Speaker with the approval of the House (with members
    from the committees having jurisdiction) for the specific purpose of
    considering that matter and reporting to the House thereon; or may make
    such other provisions as may be considered appropriate.

      (c) In carrying out paragraphs (a) and (b) with respect to any matter,
    the Speaker shall designate a committee of primary jurisdiction; but

    [[Page 461]]

    Commerce (now Commerce) was given oversight jurisdiction over all laws,
    programs, and government activities affecting nuclear energy. Paragraph
    (e) was deleted entirely in the 97th Congress (H. Res. 5, Jan. 5, 1981,
    p. 98). At the same time the House deleted paragraph (d) which formerly
    required the Congressional Research Service of the Library of Congress
    to prepare factual descriptions of each bill or resolution introduced in
    the House to be published in the Congressional Record.
      This clause became effective as part of the rules on January 3, 1975
    (H. Res. 988, 93d Cong., Oct. 8, 1974, p. 34470). Prior to that time a
    bill or resolution could not be divided for reference among two or more
    committees, although it contained matter properly within the
    jurisdiction of several committees (IV, 4361). Paragraph (c) was amended
    on January 4, 1977 (H. Res. 5, pp. 53-70) to authorize the Speaker to
    place an appropriate time limit for consideration by the first committee
    or committees to which referred. In the 104th Congress paragraph (c) was
    again amended to require the Speaker to initially designate a committee
    of primary jurisdiction in each referral of a measure to more than one
    committee (sec. 205, H. Res. 6, Jan. 4, 1995, p. ----). A paragraph (e)
    was added to the clause on January 4, 1977 (H. Res. 5, pp. 53-70) to
    abolish the legislative jurisdiction in the House of the Joint Committee
    on Atomic Energy. The legislative jurisdiction of the Joint Committee
    was divided among the Committees on Armed Services (now National
    Security) (military applications of nuclear energy), Interior and
    Insular Affairs (now Resources) (regulation of the domestic nuclear
    energy industry, since transferred to the Committee on Commerce in the
    104th Congress), Foreign Affairs (now International Relations)
    (nonproliferation of nuclear energy and international nuclear export
    agreements), Interstate and Foreign Commerce (now Commerce) (the same
    jurisdiction over nuclear energy as exercised over other energy), and
    Science and Technology (now Science) (nondefense nuclear research and
    development). In addition, the Committee on Interstate and Foreign

      An order of the House that no organizational or legislative business
    be conducted on certain days (first by provision of a concurrent
    resolution, but extended by unanimous consent) was considered not to
    deprive Members of the privilege of introducing bills and resolutions
    during pro forma sessions on those days, such measures being numbered on
    the day introduced but not noted in the Record or referred to committee
    until the day on which business was resumed (H. Con. Res. 260, 102d
    Cong., Nov. 26, 1991, p. 35840; see Jan. 22, 1992, p. ----, and Jan. 28,
    1992, p. ----).

    [[Page 462]]

    consideration of such provisions within that portion as fall within their
    respective jurisdictions (Speaker Wright, Sept. 9, 1987, p. 23648); may
    discharge a reported bill from the Union Calendar for sequential reference
    to another committee (Speaker O'Neill, Apr. 27, 1978, p. 11742; June 19,
    1986, p. 14741; June 12, 1990, p. 13670); may discharge a committee from
    the further consideration of a bill not reported by it within the time
    period for which the bill was referred by the Speaker and place the bill
    on the appropriate calendar (May 8, 1978, p. 12924); may jointly refer
    designated portions of a bill to a second committee while referring the
    entire bill to another committee (Speaker O'Neill, Mar. 3, 1982, p.
    3155); may delimit the period for sequential consideration of a bill in
    terms of legislative days (June 30, 1988, p. 16597); may sequentially
    refer a bill without day (Sept. 27, 1988, p. 25827); may sequentially
    refer a bill back to the first-reporting committee when it is reported
    from the second-reporting committee with a nongermane amendment within
    the jurisdiction of the first committee and not within the bounds of the
    initial referral (Oct. 4, 1988, p. 28242); and may refer a bill
    primarily to one committee (as now required by paragraph (c)) while also
    referring it initially to additional committees for time periods to be
    subsequently determined when the primary committee reports, in each case
    for consideration of matters within their respective jurisdictions
    (Speaker Gingrich, Jan. 4, 1995, p. ----). A bill initially referred to
    more than one committee and reported by the primary committee with an
    amendment in the nature of a substitute may be sequentially referred to
    yet another committee for consideration of specified portions of the
    introduced bill (Sept. 12, 1995, p. ----).
      Pursuant to his authority under this clause, subject to paragraph (c),
    the Speaker may refer a bill to a special ad hoc committee appointed by
    him with the approval of the House (from the members of the committees
    with legislative jurisdiction) for consideration and report on that
    particular bill (Speaker Albert, Apr. 22, 1975, p. 11261); may jointly
    refer a report of a select committee filed with the Clerk to standing
    committees of the House for their study (Speaker Albert, Feb. 16, 1976,
    p. 3158); may divide a communication or bill for reference where the
    proposition is divisible by jurisdiction (Speaker Albert, Feb. 4, 1975,
    p. 2253); may refer a bill to more than one committee for their
    respective consideration of such provisions of the bill as fall within
    their jurisdiction (Speaker Albert, Feb. 25, 1976, p. 4315); may
    sequentially refer a bill reported from a committee to other committees
    for a time certain for consideration of such portions of the bill as
    fall within their respective jurisdictions (Speaker Albert, Apr. 9,
    1976, p. 10265; May 17, 1976, p. 14093); or may limit a sequential
    referral to matters having a direct effect on subjects within the
    committee's jurisdiction (Speaker O'Neill, June 7, 1983, p. 14699); and
    may extend the time period of a sequentially referred bill and may refer
    the bill to yet another committee under the same sequential referral
    conditions (Speaker Albert, June 1, 1976, p. 16588); may divide a matter
    for initial reference to committees and set (pursuant to the clause as
    amended in the 95th Congress) appropriate time limitations on the
    initial reference to each committee (Speaker O'Neill, Feb. 16, 1977, p.
    4532); may sequentially refer a bill reported by one committee, with a
    committee amendment, to another committee for consideration of the bill
    and amendment of the previous committee (Speaker O'Neill, Oct. 13, 1977,
    p. 33716); may sequentially refer to a third committee a portion of an
    amendment in the nature of a substitute recommended by one of two
    committees to which the bill had been referred, after the second
    committee reports the bill (Speaker O'Neill, May 22, 1985, p. 13126);
    may refer sequentially to two committees only a portion of the amendment
    reported by the primary committee for

    [[Page 463]]

    May 20, 1981, p. 10361). Thus the Speaker may sequentially refer a
    reported bill to another committee solely for consideration of
    provisions of the first committee's amendment within its jurisdiction
    and not for consideration of the entire bill (Apr. 5, 1982, p. 6580),
    may sequentially refer a reported bill to two other committees for
    different periods of time, solely for consideration of designated
    sections of the first committee's recommended amendment (May 18,
    1982, p. 10418; Aug. 1, 1985, p. 22681), may discharge from the
    Union Calendar and sequentially refer to another committee a bill
    solely for consideration of designated portions of the first committee's
    amendment (May 21, 1982, p. 11169), and may sequentially refer a bill
    which has been initially referred to several committees but reported
    only by one, for consideration of the reporting committee's amendment
    (June 17, 1982, p. 14069; Sept. 5, 1990, p. 23477), and may sequentially
    refer a bill referred to more than one committee when the first committee
    reports, for a period ending a number of days after the next committee
    reports (Speaker O'Neill, Aug. 1, 1985, p. 22681), or after all committees
    report (June 10, 1988, p. 14079).
      The Speaker announced a new application of his authority on sequential
    referrals in the 97th Congress, namely that the sequential referral of
    any bills or resolutions from a committee initially reporting a bill
    would be based upon the subject matter contained in any amendment
    recommended by the reporting committee, as well as upon the original
    text of the bill or resolution (Speaker O'Neill, Jan. 5, 1981, pp. 115,
    116), or, as announced in the 100th Congress, in certain cases, based
    only upon the text of a reported substitute amendment in lieu of
    original text (Speaker Wright, Jan. 6, 1987, p. 22). In the 96th
    Congress, the Speaker had followed a more restrictive policy, permitting
    a sequential committee to review (1) those portions of introduced text
    within its jurisdiction and (2) those portions of an amendment within
    its jurisdiction when the introduced version also dictated a sequential
    referral to the committee (Speaker O'Neill, Apr. 15, 1980, p. 7760). The
    Speaker first exercised the authority to base referrals on committee
    amendments by sequentially referring a bill reported from the Committee
    on Public Works and Transportation, relating only to Corps of Engineers
    water projects as introduced but amended in committee to address general
    water resource policy affecting irrigation and reclamation projects and
    soil conservation programs, to the Committees on Agriculture and
    Interior and Insular Affairs for consideration of provisions of the
    committee amendment within their jurisdiction (Speaker O'Neill,

      On the last day of an expiring sequential referral, a committee has
    until midnight to file its report with the Clerk (Oct. 9, 1991, p.
    26045).

      Before paragraph (c) was amended in the 104th Congress to require the
    Speaker to designate a committee of primary jurisdiction, the Speaker
    announced at the convening of the 98th Congress that he would exercise
    his authority, in situations which warranted it, to designate a primary
    committee among those to which a bill was jointly referred, and to
    impose time limits on committees having a secondary interest following
    the report of the primary committee under a joint referral (Speaker
    O'Neill, Jan. 3, 1983, p. 54; Jan. 5, 1993, p. ----). The Speaker may
    exercise this authority by referring a bill concurrently to two
    committees, with a time limit on one of the committees ending within a
    certain period after the other committee reports to the House (Jan. 27,
    1983, p. 937; Feb. 2, 1983, p. 1492; Apr. 9, 1987, p. 8665) or with a
    time limit on one committee ending with a date certain (Speaker O'Neill,
    July 31, 1985, p. 21936). In the 98th Congress, the Speaker exercised
    his authority under this clause to sequentially refer a joint resolution
    making continuing appropriations, reported as privileged by the
    Committee on Appropriations pursuant to clause 4(a) of rule XI, to the
    committee having legislative jurisdiction over a legislative provision
    in the resolution, without a time limitation on the sequential referral
    (H.J. Res. 367, Sept. 22, 1983, p. 25523).

    [[Page 464]]

    committee with jurisdiction over the original
    House bill (Speaker O'Neill, H.R. 31, Mar 26, 1981, p. 5397). Beginning
    with the 98th Congress, the Speaker announced a policy of referring
    nongermane Senate amendments under certain conditions (Jan. 3, 1983, p.
    54; Jan. 5, 1993, p. ----).
      Pursuant to the Speaker's authority under clause 2 of rule XXIV,
    relating to messages from the Senate, he has discretionary authority to
    refer from the Speaker's table to standing committees, Senate amendments
    to House-passed bills, under any conditions permitted under clause 5 of
    rule X for introduced bills; he may for example impose a time limitation
    for consideration only of a portion of the Senate amendment, not germane
    to the original House bill, by the standing committee with subject-
    matter jurisdiction, without referring the remainder of the Senate
    amendment to the House

      Resolutions authorizing the Speaker to establish an ad hoc committee
    for the consideration of a particular bill under paragraph (c) of this
    clause, and extending the reporting date for such a committee, are
    privileged when offered from the floor at the Speaker's request (Speaker
    Albert, Apr. 22, 1975, p. 11261, Jan. 26, 1976, p. 876; Speaker O'Neill,
    Jan. 11, 1977, pp. 894-98; Apr. 21, 1977, pp. 11550-56).

      The Speaker may refer to an ad hoc committee, established with the
    approval of the House, bills, resolutions, and other matters (including
    messages and communications) for the purpose of considering such matters
    and reporting to the House thereon, and the resolution creating such a
    committee may specify whether referrals to such a committee shall be by
    initial or sequential reference or by any of the other methods provided
    by this clause (H. Res. 508, Apr. 21, 1977, pp. 11550-56; Speaker
    O'Neill, July 11, 1977, p. 22183, July 20, 1977, p. 24167). Further,
    under clause 5(c), the Speaker may divide a bill into two or more parts
    for initial reference to different committees and may also jointly refer
    a portion of the bill to some of those committees, and may set
    appropriate time limitations for reporting by every standing committee
    to which the bill is initially referred (Speaker O'Neill, May 2, 1977,
    p. 13184).

     Election and Membership of Committees; Chairmen; Vacancies; Select and
      Clause 4 of rule XXII provides the mechanism for changes of referrals
    erroneously made.

                              Conference Committees

    Sec. 701a. Electing committees.

      6.  (a)(1) The standing
    committees specified in clause 1 shall be elected by the House within
    the seventh calendar day beginning after the commencement of each
    Congress, from nominations submitted by the respective party caucuses.
    It shall always be in order to consider resolutions recommended by the
    respective party caucuses to change the composition of standing
    committees.

    [[Page 465]]

    the minority party. No Member shall serve as a member of the Committee on
    Standards of Official Conduct for more than two Congresses in any period
    of three successive Congresses (disregarding for this purpose any
    service performed as a member of such committee for less than a full
    session in any Congress), except that a Member having served on the
    committee for two Congresses shall be eligible for election to the
    committee as chairman or ranking minority member for one additional
    Congress. Not less than two Members from each party shall rotate off the
    committee at the end of each Congress.
      (2) One-half of the members of the Committee on Standards of Official
    Conduct shall be from the majority party and one-half shall be from

      (3)(A) At the beginning of each Congress--

              (i) the Speaker (or his designee) shall designate a list of 10
    Members from the majority party; and

              (ii) the Minority Leader (or his designee) shall designate a
    list of 10 Members from the minority party;
    who are not members of the Committee on Standards of Official Conduct
    and who may be assigned to serve as a member of an investigative
    subcommittee of that committee during that Congress. Members so chosen
    shall be announced to the House.

    [[Page 466]]

    same number of Members of his respective party from the list to serve on
    that subcommittee.

      (B) Whenever the chairman and ranking minority member of the Committee
    on Standards of Official Conduct jointly determine that Members
    designated under subdivision (A) should be assigned to serve on an
    investigative subcommittee of that committee, they shall each select the

      The old rule entrusting the appointment of committees to the Speaker
    was adopted in 1789 and amended in 1790 and in 1860 (IV, 4448-4476).
    Committees are now elected on resolution offered from the floor (VIII,
    2171) and it is in order to move the previous question on each
    resolution (VIII, 2174). The resolution is not divisible (clause 6 of
    rule XVI), and is privileged (VIII, 2179, 2183). The requirement that
    nominations to standing committees be submitted by the respective party
    caucuses was made part of the rules effective January 3, 1975, by the
    Committee Reform Amendments of 1974 (H. Res. 988, 93d Cong., Oct. 8,
    1974, p. 34470). That same resolution also eliminated the designations
    in the rules of the numbers of Members comprising the standing
    committees, thereby permitting the House to establish committee size by
    the numbers of Members elected to each committee pursuant to this
    paragraph. The role of the party caucuses in presenting privileged
    resolutions to the House electing Members to committees is discussed in
    detail in Deschler's Precedents, vol. 4, ch. 17, sec. 9. In the 99th
    Congress the requirement for early election of standing committees
    within the first seven calendar days and the conferral of privileged
    status on resolutions from the party caucuses to change the composition
    of standing committees were added in subparagraph (1) by section 227 of
    the Balanced Budget and Emergency Deficit Control Act of 1985 (P.L. 99-
    177, Dec. 12, 1985).

      Prior to the 93d Congress, the rule that established the size of the
    Committee on Standards of Official Conduct at 12 Members also required
    that six Members be elected from the majority and six from the minority
    party. Effective in the 93d Congress, the ratio of the Committee was
    codified in the first sentence of subparagraph (2) (H. Res. 988, Oct. 8,
    1974, p. 34470). The Ethics Reform Act of 1989 added a sentence to limit
    service on the Committee to three Congresses in any period of five
    successive Congresses (disregarding service performed for less than a
    full session in any Congress) (P.L. 101-194, Nov. 30, 1989). The current
    limitation on service on the Committee was adopted in the 105th Congress
    (sec. 2, H. Res. 168, Sept. 18, 1997, p. ----). Subparagraph (3) also
    was adopted in the 105th Congress (sec. 1, H. Res. 168, Sept. 18, 1997,
    p. ----).

    [[Page 467]]

    ference, said Member shall automatically cease to be a member of a
    standing committee to which he was elected on the basis of nomination by
    that caucus or conference. The chairman of the relevant party caucus or
    conference shall notify the Speaker whenever a Member ceases to be a
    member of a party caucus or conference and the Speaker shall notify the
    chairman of each standing committee on which said Member serves, that in
    accord with this rule, the Member's election to such committee is
    automatically vacated.

    Sec. 701b. Party membership as basis for election.

      (b)(1) Membership on standing committees during the course of
    a  Congress
    shall be contingent on continuing membership in the party caucus or
    conference that nominated Members for election to such committees.
    Should a Member cease to be a member of a particular party caucus or
    con-

      (2)(A) No Member, Delegate, or Resident Commissioner may serve
    simultaneously as a member of more than two standing committees or four
    subcommittees of the standing committees of the House, except that ex
    officio service by a chairman and ranking minority member of a committee
    on each of its subcommittees by committee rule shall not be counted
    against the limitation on subcommittee service. Service on an
    investigative subcommittee of the Committee on Standards of Official
    Conduct pursuant to paragraph (a)(3) shall not be counted against the
    limitation on subcommittee service. Any other exception to these
    limitations must be approved by the House upon the recommendation of the
    respective party caucus or conference.

    [[Page 468]]

    tee that is established for a cumulative period longer than six months
    in any Congress.

      (B) For the purposes of this subparagraph, the term ``subcommittee''
    includes any panel (other than a special oversight panel of the
    Committee on National Security), task force, special subcommittee, or
    any subunit of a standing commit-

      The requirement that membership on standing committees be contingent
    on continuing membership in a party caucus or conference, along with the
    mechanism for the automatic vacating of a Member's election to committee
    should his party relationship cease, was added to the rules in the 98th
    Congress (H. Res. 5, Jan. 3, 1983, p. 34). In the 104th Congress,
    paragraph (b)(2) was added to limit each Member to two full committee
    assignments and four subcommittee assignments, absent House approval of
    any exception upon recommendation of the respective party caucus (sec.
    204, H. Res. 6, Jan. 4, 1995, p. ----; see H. Res. 11, Jan. 4, 1995, p.
    ----). Paragraph (b)(2) was amended in the 105th Congress to except
    special service on an investigative subcommittee of the Committee on
    Standards of Official Conduct from the limitation on subcommittee
    service (sec. 1, H. Res. 168, Sept. 18, 1997, p. ----).

      The Speaker lays before the House communications relative to the
    removal of a Member from committee pursuant to this clause (see, e.g.,
    Sept. 11, 1984, p. 24790; Feb. 22, 1989, p. 2500; May 10, 1995, p. ----
    ). The earlier practice was, and the most recent practice is, for the
    minority party to handle committee assignments for third-party Members
    (VIII, 2184-2185; H. Res. 11, Jan. 4, 1995, p. ----). During the 102d
    and 103d Congresses, the majority leadership took that responsibility by
    separate resolution for a Member who had joined neither major party
    caucus (see, H. Res. 45, Jan. 24, 1991, p. 2171); however, during the
    104th Congress, when control of the House shifted, the minority
    leadership retained responsibility for the committee assignments of such
    third-party Member.

    [[Page 469]]

    order named in the election of the committee, and so on, as often as
    the case shall happen, shall act as chairman; and in case of a permanent
    vacancy in the chairmanship of any such committee the House shall elect
    another chairman.

    Sec. 701c. Committee chairmen.

      (c)  One of the Members of
    each standing committee shall be elected by the House, from nominations
    submitted by the majority party caucus, at the commencement of each
    Congress, as chairman thereof. No Member may serve as the chairman of
    the same standing committee, or as the chairman of the same subcommittee
    thereof, for more than three consecutive Congresses, beginning with the
    One Hundred Fourth Congress (disregarding for this purpose any service
    for less than a full session in any Congress). In the temporary absence
    of the chairman, the Member next in rank in the

      The requirement that nominations for chairmen be submitted by the
    majority party caucus was made part of the rules effective January 3,
    1975 (H. Res. 988, 93d Cong., Oct. 8, 1974, p. 34470). The sentence
    addressing temporary and permanent vacancies in chairmanships was first
    adopted on April 5, 1911 (VIII, 2201), and was continued in the
    Legislative Reorganization Act of 1946 (60 Stat. 812). The 104th
    Congress added the sentence setting term limits for committee and
    subcommittee chairmen (sec. 103(b), H. Res. 6, Jan. 4, 1995, p. ----).
    In the 102d Congress a resolution included as a matter properly
    incidental to its election of the chairman of a standing committee a
    proviso that his powers and duties be exercised by the vice chairman
    until otherwise ordered by the House (H. Res. 43, Jan. 24, 1991, p.
    2169; Feb. 6, 1991, p. 3198). In the 103d Congress a privileged
    resolution, offered at the direction of the Democratic Caucus,
    authorized a named acting chairman to exercise the powers and duties of
    a chairman of a standing committee until otherwise ordered by the House
    (H. Res. 396, Mar. 23, 1994, p. ----).

    Sec. 701d. Requirement for subcommittees.

      (d)  No committee
    of the House shall have more than five subcommittees (except the
    Committee on Appropriations, which shall have no more than thirteen; the
    Committee on Government Reform and Oversight, which shall have no more
    than seven; and the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure,
    which shall have no more than six).

      The present form of this paragraph was adopted in the 104th Congress
    (sec. 101(b), H. Res. 6, Jan. 4, 1995, p. ----), replacing a requirement
    that all standing committees having more than 20 members (except the
    Committee on the Budget) establish at least four subcommittees (H. Res.
    5, Jan. 14, 1975, p. 20).

    [[Page 470]]

    tions, submitted by the respective party caucus or conference.

      (e) All vacancies in standing committees shall be filled by election
    by the House from nomina-

      This paragraph was first adopted in the 62d Congress (VIII, 2178). At
    the beginning of the 80th Congress it was amended to prevent a Member
    from serving on more than one standing committee, except that Members
    elected to serve on the Committees on District of Columbia or Un-
    American Activities (renamed the Committee on Internal Security and
    jurisdiction redefined on Feb. 19, 1969, p. 3723) could be elected to
    serve on not more than two standing committees, and that Members of the
    majority party, serving on the Committee on Expenditures in the
    Executive Departments (changed to Committee on Government Operations
    July 3, 1952, p. 9217) or House Administration could be elected to serve
    on not more than two standing committees. This limitation was continued
    through the 80th, 81st, and part of the 82d Congresses until July 3,
    1952 (p. 9217) when it was modified so that Members elected to serve on
    the Committees on the District of Columbia, Government Operations, Un-
    American Activities, or House Administration could be elected to serve
    on not more than two standing committees. It was restored to its
    original form by amendment on January 13, 1953 (pp. 368-69) so that
    there was no limitation in House rules on the number of committees to
    which a Member may be elected until the 104th Congress added paragraph
    (b)(2) (see Sec. 701b, supra). Party caucuses or conferences have also
    placed restrictions on committee assignments. The role of the respective
    party caucus or conference in making nominations to fill vacancies in
    standing committees was made part of the rule in the 98th Congress (H.
    Res. 5, Jan. 3, 1983, p. 34).

      Form of resolution electing a Member to a committee and fixing his
    rank thereon (Jan. 23, 1947, p. 536; H. Res. 157, May 25, 1995, p. ----
    ). The House by unanimous consent fixed the relative rank of two Members
    on a committee where an error had been made on the original appointment
    (Jan. 20, 1947, p. 481). The House has filled a vacancy on a standing
    committee (H. Res. 43, Jan. 24, 1991, p. 2169) with a Member
    subsequently designated by his party caucus as ``temporary'' (in order
    to avoid caucus limitations on committee assignments) (Feb. 5, 1991, p.
    2814).

    [[Page 471]]

    point no less than a majority of members who generally supported the House
    position as determined by the Speaker. The Speaker shall name Members
    who are primarily responsible for the legislation and shall, to the
    fullest extent feasible, include the principal proponents of the major
    provisions of the bill as it passed the House.

    Sec. 701e. Select and conference committees.

      (f)  The Speaker
    shall appoint all select and conference committees which shall be
    ordered by the House from time to time. At any time after an original
    appointment, the Speaker may remove Members or appoint additional
    Members to select and conference committees. In appointing members to
    conference committees the Speaker shall ap-

      The provision of paragraph (f) relating to select committees was
    adopted in 1880, and the provision in that paragraph relating to
    conference committees was first adopted in 1890, although the practice
    of leaving the appointment of conference committees to the Speaker had
    existed from the earliest years of the House's history (IV, 4470; VIII,
    2192).

      Prior to 1880 the House might take from the Speaker the appointment of
    a select committee (IV, 4448, 4470; VIII, 2192) and on several occasions
    did so in fact (IV, 4471-4476).

      In the earlier usage of the House the Member moving a select committee
    was appointed its chairman (II, 1275, III, 2342, IV, 4514-4516); but
    except for matters of ceremony, the inconvenience and even impropriety
    of the usage has caused it often to be disregarded in modern practice
    (IV, 4517-4523, 4671).

      It is within the discretion of the Chair as to whom he appoints as
    conferees (June 24, 1932, p. 13876; July 8, 1947, p. 8469), and a motion
    to instruct the Speaker as to the number and composition of a conference
    committee on the part of the House is not in order (VIII, 2193, 3221).
    The Speaker may fill a vacancy on a conference committee by appointment
    but may not accept a resignation from a conference committee absent an
    order of the House (Nov. 4, 1987, p. 30808).

      Effective January 3, 1975 (H. Res. 988, 93d Cong., Oct. 8, 1974, p.
    34470), the Speaker was required to appoint a majority of members who
    generally supported the House position, as determined by him, to all
    conference committees.

    [[Page 472]]

    discretionary authority to appoint a
    principal proponent of an adopted floor amendment as an additional
    limited conferee on that issue (p. 20132).
      The last sentence of paragraph (f) was added in the 95th Congress (H.
    Res. 5, Jan. 4, 1977, pp. 53-70). Under that paragraph as amended, the
    Speaker must appoint as conferees Members who are ``primarily
    responsible for the legislation,'' but the exercise of his additional
    discretionary authority under that clause to (1) determine whether a
    majority of the conferees generally supported the House position and (2)
    to appoint to the maximum extent feasible the principal proponents of
    major provisions of the House-passed bill, is not subject to challenge
    on a point of order (Speaker O'Neill, Oct. 12, 1977, pp. 33434-35), and
    is not necessarily affected by a vote on a nonbinding motion to instruct
    House conferees (May 9, 1990, p. 9830). On June 21, 1977, Speaker
    O'Neill first exercised his

      The second sentence of paragraph (f), authorizing the Speaker to add
    or remove conferees after his initial appointment, was added in the 103d
    Congress (H. Res. 5, Jan. 5, 1993, p. ----).

      The Speaker may appoint conferees from committees (1) which have not
    reported a measure, (2) which have jurisdiction over provisions of a
    non-germane Senate amendment to a House amendment to a Senate bill
    originally narrower in scope (Speaker O'Neill, Nov. 28, 1979, p. 33904),
    or (3) which have jurisdiction over provisions of an original Senate
    bill where the House amendment was narrower in scope (Speaker O'Neill,
    July 28, 1980, p. 19875; July 11, 1985, p. 18545). The Speaker may also
    appoint one who, although not a member of the committee of jurisdiction,
    is a principal proponent of the measure (Speaker Gingrich, Feb. 1, 1995,
    p. ----). The Speaker has appointed as sole conferees on a nongermane
    portion of a Senate bill or amendment only members from the committee
    having jurisdiction over the subject matter thereof (Speaker O'Neill,
    Aug. 27, 1980, pp. 23548-49; July 24, 1986, p. 17644), and also members
    from such committees as additional rather than exclusive conferees on
    other nongermane portions of the Senate bill (July 24, 1986, p. 17644).
    Where a comprehensive matter is committed to conference, the Speaker may
    appoint separate groups of conferees from several committees for
    concurrent or exclusive consideration of provisions within their
    respective jurisdictions (Feb. 7, 1990, p. 1522; May 9, 1990, p. 9830).
    Pursuant to paragraph (f) the Speaker may by the terms of his
    appointment empower a group of exclusive conferees to report in total
    disagreement (June 10, 1988, p. 14077; Sept. 20, 1989, p. 20955). In the
    102d Congress the Speaker reiterated his announced policy of simplifying
    conference appointments by noting on the occasion of a relatively
    complex appointment that, inasmuch as conference committees are ``select
    committees'' that dissolve when their report is acted upon, conference
    appointments should not be construed as jurisdictional precedent
    (Speaker Foley, June 3, 1992, p. ----).

    [[Page 473]]

    chairman of the relevant party caucus or conference shall
    notify the Speaker whenever a Member ceases to be a member of a party
    caucus or conference and the Speaker shall notify the chairman of each
    select or joint committee on which said Member serves, that in accord
    with this rule, the Member's appointment to such committee is
    automatically vacated.

    Sec. 701f. Party membership as basis for
    appointment.

      (g)  Membership on select and joint committees during the
    course of a Congress shall be contingent on continuing membership in the
    party caucus or conference the Member was a member of at the time of his
    appointment to a select or joint committee. Should a Member cease to be
    a member of that caucus or conference, said Member shall automatically
    cease to be a member of any select or joint committee to which he is
    assigned. The

      This party membership requirement for select and joint committees
    analogous to paragraph (b) was added in the 98th Congress (H. Res. 5,
    1983, Jan. 3, 1983, p. 34).

    Sec. 701g. Delegates and Resident Commissioner.

      (h)  The
    Speaker may appoint the Resident Commissioner from Puerto Rico and
    Delegates to the House to any select committee and to any conference
    committee.

      Effective January 3, 1975 (H. Res. 988, 93d Cong., Oct. 8, 1974, p.
    34470), the Speaker was authorized to appoint the Resident Commissioner
    from Puerto Rico and Delegates to be conferees by the addition of
    paragraph (h); that paragraph was further amended in the 96th Congress
    (H. Res. 5, Jan. 15, 1979, pp. 7-16) to authorize the Speaker to appoint
    the Resident Commissioner from Puerto Rico and Delegates to select
    committees as well, and was further amended in the 103d Congress to
    authorize the Speaker to appoint Delegates and the Resident Commissioner
    to serve at any conference (H. Res. 5, Jan. 5, 1993, p. ----).

    Sec. 702. Aging.

      A  paragraph (i) of this clause was
    incorporated into the rules effective January 3, 1975 (H. Res. 988, 93d
    Cong., Oct. 8, 1974, p. 34470), to provide for a permanent Select
    Committee on Aging appointed by the Speaker pursuant to paragraph (f).
    That provision was stricken in the 103d Congress (H. Res. 5, Jan. 5,
    1993, p. ----).