[U.S. Government Printing Office Style Manual]
[Chapter 11 - Italic]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office, www.gpo.gov]
(See also Chapter 9 ``Abbreviations and Letter Symbols'' and Chapter
16 ``Datelines, Addresses, and Signatures'')
11.1. Italic is sometimes used to differentiate or to give greater
prominence to words, phrases, etc. However, an excessive
amount of italic defeats this purpose and should be restricted.
Emphasis, foreign words, and titles of publications
11.2. Italic is not used for mere emphasis, foreign words, or the
titles of publications.
11.3. In nonlegal work, ante, post, infra, and supra are italicized
only when part of a legal citation. Otherwise these terms, as
well as the abbreviations id., ibid., op. cit., et seq., and
other foreign words, phrases, and their abbreviations, are
printed in roman.
11.4. When ``emphasis in original,'' ``emphasis supplied,''
``emphasis added,'' or ``emphasis ours'' appears in copy, it
should not be changed; but ``underscore supplied'' should be
changed to ``italic supplied.'' Therefore, when emphasis in
quoted or extracted text is referred to by the foregoing terms,
such emphasized text must be refl ected and set in italic.
11.5. When copy is submitted with instructions to set ``all roman (no
italic),'' these instructions will not apply to Ordered,
Resolved, Be it enacted, etc.; titles following signatures or
addresses; or the parts of datelines that are always set in
italic.
Names of aircraft, vessels, and spacecraft
11.6. The names of aircraft, vessels, and manned spacecraft are
italicized unless otherwise indicated. In lists set in columns
and in stubs and reading columns of tables consisting entirely
of such names, they will be set in roman. Missiles and rockets
will be set in caps and lowercase and will not be italicized.
SS America; the liner America MV (motor vessel) Havtroll
the Bermuda Clipper Apollo 13, Atlantis (U.S.
spaceships)
USS Los Angeles (submarine) West Virginia class or
type
USS Wisconsin the Missouri's (roman ``s'')
turret
ex-USS Savannah the U-7's (roman ``s'') deck
USCGS (U.S. Coast and Geodetic
Survey) ship Pathfinder but
C.S.N. Virginia Air Force One (President's
plane)
CG cutter Thetus B-50 (type of plane)
the U-7 DD-882
destroyer 31 LST-1155
H.M.S. Hornet MiG; MiG-35
HS (hydrofoil ship) Denison PT-109
MS (motorship) Richard F-22 Raptor
GTS (gas turbine ship) F-117 Nighthawk (Stealth
Alexander fighter)
NS (nuclear ship) Savannah A-10 Th underbolt
11.7. Names of vessels are quoted in matter printed in other than
lowercase roman, even if there is italic type available in the
series.
Sinking of the ``Lusitania'' Sinking of the ``Lusitania''
Sinking of the ``Lusitania'' SINKING OF THE ``LUSITANIA''
Names of legal cases
11.8. The names of legal cases are italicized, except for the v.,
which is always set in lowercase. When requested, the names of
such cases may be set in roman with an italic v. In matter set
in italic, legal cases are set in roman with the v. being set
roman.
``The Hornet'' and ``The Hood,'' Smith v. Brown et al.
124 F.2d 45 (heading)
Smith v. Brown et al. SMITH v. BROWN ET AL.
(heading)
Smith Bros. case (172 App. Durham rule
Div. 149) Brown decision
Smith Bros. case, supra John Doe v. Richard Roe
Smith Bros. case but John Doe against Richard
Roe,
As cited in Smith Bros. the Cement case.
Scientic names
11.9. The scientific names of genera, subgenera, species, and
subspecies (varieties) are italicized but are set in roman in
italic matter; the names of groups of higher rank than genera
(phyla, classes, orders, families, tribes, etc.) are printed in
roman.
A.s. perpallidus
Dorothia? sp. (roman ``?'')
Tsuga canadensis Cypripedium parviflorum var. pubescens
the genera Quercus and Liriodendron
the family Leguminosae; the family Nessiteras rhombopteryx
Measurements of specimens of Cyanoderma erythroptera neocara
11.10. Quotation marks should be used in place of italic for
scientific names appearing in lines set in caps, caps and small
caps, or boldface, even if there is italic type available in
the series.
Words and letters
11.11. The words Resolved, Resolved further, Provided, Provided,
however, Provided further, And provided further, and ordered,
in bills, acts, resolutions, and formal contracts and
agreements are italicized; also the words To be continued,
Continued on p. --, Continued from p. --, and See and see also
(in indexes and tables of contents only).
Resolved, That (resolution)
Resolved by the Senate and House of Representatives of the
United States of
America in Congress assembled, That
[To be continued] (centered; no period)
[Continued from p. 3] (centered; no period)
see also Mechanical data (index entry)
11.12. All letters (caps, small caps, lowercase, superiors, and
inferiors) used as symbols are italicized. In italic matter,
roman letters are used. Chemical symbols (even in italic
matter) and certain other standardized symbols are set in
roman.
nth degree; x dollars
D�0.025Vm 2.7=0.042/G-1Vm 2.7
5Cu2S.2(Cu,Fe,Zn)S.2Sb2S3O4
11.13. Letter designations in mathematical and scientific matter,
except chemical symbols, are italicized.
11.14. Letter symbols used in legends to illustrations, drawings,
etc., or in text as references to such material, are set in
italic without periods and are capitalized if so shown in copy.
11.15. Letters (a), (b), (c), etc., and a, b, c, etc., used to
indicate sections or paragraphs, are italicized in general work
but not in laws or other legal documents.
11.16. Internet Web sites and email addresses should be set in roman.