APPENDIX I




CHAIRMEN OF THE COMMITTEE ON AGRICULTURE,

NUTRITION AND
FORESTRY, 1825 - 1997




Congress |
Dates |
Senator | |

19th Cong., 1st Ses. | Dec. 5, 1825 to May 22, 1826 |
William Findlay | |

(Brother of James Findlay and John Findlay), a Senator from Pennsylvania; born in Mercersburg, Franklin County, PA., June 20, 1768; attended the public schools; engaged in agricultural pursuits; served as Brigade Inspector in the Pennsylvania Militia; studied law; was admitted to the bar and commenced practice in Franklintown, PA; member Pennsylvania House of Representatives 1797, 1804-1807; Pennsylvania Treasurer, 1807-1817; Governor of Pennsylvania from December 16, 1807 to December 19, 1820; unsuccessful candidate for reelection in 1820; elected as a Republican to the United States Senate to fill the vacancy in the term commencing March 4, 1821, caused by the failure of the legislature to elect and served from December 10, 1821, to March 3, 1827; was not a candidate for reelection in 1826; chairman, Committee on Agriculture (Nineteenth Congress); Director of the United States Mint from 1827 until 1841, when he resigned on account of illness; died in Harrisburg, PA, November 12, 1846. [Photo: Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission] |




Congress |
Dates |
Senator | |

19th Cong., 2nd Ses. | Dec. 4, 1826 to Mar. 2, 1827 |
Calvin Willey | |

A Senator from Connecticut; born in East Haddam, CT, September 15, 1776; attended the common schools; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1798 and commenced practice in Chatham, CT; moved to Stafford, CT. In 1800; member, Connecticut State house of representatives, 1805-1806; post master of Stafford Springs, CT., 1806-1808; moved to Tolland, CT, in 1808; member of the State house of representatives in 1810, 1812, 1820-1821; postmaster of Tolland, 1812-1816; probate judge of Stafford District, 1818-1825; member, State senate, 1823-1824; presidential elector in 1824; elected to the United States Senate for the term commencing March 4, 1825, and served from May 4, 1825 to March 3, 1831; chairman, Committee on Agriculture (Nineteenth Congress); resumed the practice of law in Tolland; died in Stafford, CT, August 23, 1858. [Photo: U.S. Senate Historical Office] |




Congress |
Dates |
Senator | |

20th Cong., 1st Ses. | Dec. 3, 1827 to May 26, 1828 |
John Branch | |

(Uncle of Lawrence O'Bryan Branch and great uncle of William Agustus Blount Branch), a Senator and a Representative from North Carolina; born in Halifax, Halifax County, NC, November 4, 1782; appointed commissioner for valuation of lands and dwellings and enumeration of slaves, third district of NC 1799; was graduated from the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill in 1801; studied law; was admitted to the bar; member State Senate 1811-1817, 1822, serving as Speaker 1815-1817; Governor of North Carolina 1817-1820; appointed Federal Judge for the western district of Florida by President James Monroe in 1822; elected to the United States Senate in 1822; reelected in 1829, and served from March 4, 1823 to March 9, 1829, when he resigned; Chairman, Committee on Agriculture (twentieth Congress); appointed Secretary of the Navy by President Andrew Jackson and served from March 9, 1829, until his resignation, effective May 12, 1831, having been elected to Congress; elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-second Congress and served from May 12, 1831, to March 3, 1833; was not a candidate for renomination in 1832 to the Twenty-third Congress; member of the State constitutional convention in 1835; appointed Governor of Florida Territory by President John Tyler and served from June 21, 1844, until the election of a governor under the State Constitution in 1845; died in Enfield, Halifax County, NC, January 3, 1863. [Photo: Library of Congress] |




Congress |
Dates |
Senator | |

20th Cong., 2nd Ses. | Dec. 1, 1828 to Mar. 3, 1829 |
Charles D. J. Bouligny | |

(Uncle of John Edward Bouligny), a Senator from Louisiana; born in New Orleans, LA, August 22, 1773; was educated by private tutors; served as Ensign in his fathers Spanish Regiment; Commissioner of the Municipal Council in 1800; assumed American citizenship when the United States acquired LA through the Louisiana Purchase in 1803; studied law; was admitted to the bar and practiced in New Orleans; member, LA Territorial House of Representatives 1806; appointed Justice of the Peace in New Orleans in 1807; served on the Committee on Public Defense during the British invasion in 1814 and 1815; elected to the United States Senate to fill the vacancy caused by the resignation of Henry Johnson and served from November 19, 1824 to March 3, 1829; died in New Orleans, on March 4, 1833. [Photo: U.S. Senate Historical Office] |




Congress |
Dates |
Senator | |

21st Cong., 1st Ses. to 21st Cong., 2nd Ses. |
Dec. 7, 1829 to Mar. 3, 1831 |
William Marks | |

A Senator from Pennsylvania; born near "Fogg's Manor," Chester County, PA, October 13, 1778; moved with his father to Allegheny County in early childhood; received a limited schooling; learned the trade of tanner; studied law; was admitted to the bar and commenced practice in Pittsburgh, PA; held several local offices; coroner of Allegheny County; member Pennsylvania House of Representatives, 1810-1819, and served as Speaker during the last six years; commanded the Pennsylvania Militia in 1814; member, Pennsylvania Senate, 1820-1825; elected to the United States Senate, and served from March 4, 1825 to March 3, 1831; unsuccessful candidate for reelection; Chairman, Committee on Engrossed Bills (Nineteenth through Twenty-first Congresses), Committee on Agriculture (Twenty-first Congress); resumed the practice of law in Pittsburgh; moved to Beaver, PA, in 1850 and retired to private life; died in Beaver, PA, April 10, 1858. [Photo: U.S. Senate Historical Office] |




Congress |
Dates |
Senator | |

22nd, Cong. 1st Ses. to 22nd Cong., 2nd Ses. |
Dec. 5, 1831 to Mar. 2, 1833 |
Horatio Seymour | |

(Uncle of Origen Storrs Seymour), a Senator from VT; born in Litchfield, CT, May 31, 1778; attended the common schools and graduated from Yale College in 1797; taught school in Cheshire, CT; pursued legal studies in Litchfield Law School; was admitted to the bar in 1800 and commenced the practice of law in Middlebury, VT; postmaster of Middlebury 1800-1809; member, State Executive Council 1809-1814; State's Attorney for Addison County 1810-1813, 1815-1819; elected to the United States Senate in 1821; reelected in 1827 and served from March 4, 1821, to March 3, 1833; was not a candidate for reelection; Chairman, Committee to Audit and Control the Contingent Expense (Eighteenth and Nineteenth Congresses), Committee on Agriculture (Twenty-second Congress); unsuccessful Whig candidate for governor of Vermont in 1836; Judge of the Probate Court, 1847-1856; died in Middlebury, Addison County, VT, November 21, 1857. [Photo: Vermont Historical Society] |




Congress |
Dates |
Senator | |

23rd. Cong., 1st Ses. to 24th. Cong., 1st Ses. |
Dec. 2, 1833 to July 4, 1836 |
Bedford Brown | |

A Senator from North Carolina; born in Caswell County, NC, near Greensboro, June 6, 1795; was graduated from the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill in 1813; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1815 but did not practice; planter; elected to the House of Commons of North Carolina in 1815, 1816, 1817, and 1823; member State Senate 1828-1829; elected in 1829 as a Democrat (States Rights Unionist) to the United States Senate to fill the vacancy caused by the resignation caused by John Branch; reelected in 1835 and served from December 9, 1829, until November 16, 1840, when he resigned, because he would not obey the instructions of the General Assembly of North Carolina; Chairman, Committee on Agriculture (Twenty-third and Twenty-fourth Congresses), Committee on Revolutionary Claims (Twenty-fourth and Twenty-fifth Congresses), Committee to Audit and Control the Contingent Expense (Twenty-fifth Congress); again elected to the State Senate in 1842; moved to Missouri in 1843; subsequently moved to Virginia; returned to North Carolina and engaged in agricultural pursuits; member State Senate 1858-1860; Delegate to the Reconstruction Convention in 1865; again elected to the State Senate in 1868, but was not permitted to take his seat; died at "Rose Hill," Caswell County, NC, December 6, 1870. [Photo: Library of Congress] |




Congress |
Dates |
Senator | |

24th Cong., 2nd Ses. | Dec. 5, 1836 to Mar. 3, 1837 |
John Page | |

A Senator from New Hampshire; born in Haverhill, Grafton County, NH, May 21, 1787; attended the public schools; engaged in agricultural pursuits; served as Lieutenant in the War of 1812; Assistant United States Tax Assessor in 1813, and Assessor in 1815; member New Hampshire State House of Representatives, 1818-1820, and in 1835; Register of Deeds for Grafton County in 1827, and from 1829 until 1835; Selectman of Haverhill for fourteen terms; served as Town Clerk; member of Governor's Council, 1836, 1838; elected as a Whig to the United States Senate to fill the vacancy caused by the resignation of Isaac Hill, and served from June 8, 1836 to March 3, 1837; unsuccessful candidate for reelection; Chairman, Committee on Agriculture (Twenty-fourth Congress); resumed agricultural pursuits; elected Governor of New Hampshire in 1839, reelected in 1840 and 1841, and served from June 5, 1839 to June 2, 1842; died in Haverhill, NH, September 8, 1865. [Photo: U.S. Senate Historical Office] |




Congress |
Dates |
Senator | |

25th Cong., 1st Ses. to 25th Cong., 3rd Ses. |
Sept. 4, 1837 to Mar. 3, 1839 |
Perry Smith | |

A Senator from Connecticut; born in Woodbury, CT, May 12, 1783; completed preparatory studies; studied law at the Litchfield Law School; was admitted to the bar and commenced practice in New Milford, CT, in 1807; member of the State House of Representatives in 1822-1823, 1835-1836; Judge of Probate Court 1833-1835; Postmaster of New Milford 1829-1837; elected as a Democrat to the United States Senate and served from March 4, 1837, to March 3, 1843; Chairman, Committee on Agriculture (Twenty-fifth Congress), Committee on Revolutionary Claims (Twenty-sixth Congress); died in New Milford, Litchfield County, CT, on June 8, 1852. [Photo: U.S. Senate Historical Office] |




Congress |
Dates |
Senator | |

26th Cong., 1st Ses. to 26th Cong., 2nd Ses. |
Dec. 2, 1839 to Mar. 3, 1841 |
Alexander Mouton | |

A Senator from Louisiana; born in Attakapas District, now Lafayette Parish, LA, November 19, 1804; pursued classical studies and graduated from Georgetown College, District of Columbia; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1825 and commenced practice in Lafayette Parish; planter; member Louisiana State House of Representatives, 1827-1832; Presidential Elector on the Democratic ticket in 1828, 1832, and 1836; unsuccessful candidate for election in 1830 to the Twenty-second Congress; member of the State House of Representatives in 1836; elected as a Democrat to the United States Senate to fill the vacancy caused by the resignation of Alexander Porter, was reelected to the full term, and served from January 12, 1837 until his resignation on March 1, 1842; Chairman, Committee on Agriculture (Twenty-sixth Congress); elected Governor of Louisiana in 1842, and served from January 30, 1843 to February 11, 1846; actively involved in railroads; President of the State Secession Convention in 1861; died near Vermillionville (now Lafeyette), LA, on February 12, 1885. [Photo: Historic New Orleans Collection] |




Congress |
Dates |
Senator | |

27th Cong., 1st Ses. to 27th Cong., 3rd Ses. |
May 31, 1841 to Mar. 3, 1843 |
Lewis F. Linn | |

A Senator from Missouri; born near Louisville, KY, November 5, 1796; received a meager academic education; studied medicine in Louisville; served in the War of 1812 as a surgeon; completed his medical studies at Philidelphia, PA, in 1816; was admitted to practice and located at Saint Genevieve, Territory of Missouri; member, State Senate 1827; appointed to the French Land Claims Commission in Missouri in 1832; appointed and subsequently elected as a Jacksonian to the United States Senate to fill the vacancy caused by the death of Alexander Buckner; reelected in 1836 and again in 1842 and served from October 25, 1833 until his death in Saint Genevieve, on October 3, 1843; Chairman, Committee on Private Land Claims (Twenty-fourth through Twenty-sixth Congresses), and the Committee on Agriculture (Twenty-seventh Congress). [Photo: Library of Congress] |




Congress |
Dates |
Senator | |

28th Cong., 1st Ses. to 28th Cong., 2nd Ses. |
Dec. 4, 1843 to Mar. 3, 1845 |
William Upham | |

A Senator from Vermont; born in Leicester, MA, August 5, 1792; moved with his father to Montpelier, VT, in 1802; attended the district schools, the Montpelier Academy, and was privately tutored; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1811 and commenced practice in Montpelier, in 1812; member, State House of Representatives 1827-1828; State's Attorney for Washington County 1829; member, State House of Representatives 1830; elected as a Whig to the United States Senate in 1843; reelected in 1849 and served from March 4, 1843, until his death in Washington, D.C., January 14, 1853; Chairman, Committee on Agriculture (Twenty-eighth Congress), and the Committee on Pensions (Twenty-ninth Congress). [Photo: Vermont Historical Society] |




Congress |
Dates |
Senator | |

29th Cong., 1st Ses. to 31st. Cong., 2nd Ses. |
Dec. 1, 1845 to Mar. 3, 1851 |
Daniel Sturgeon | |

A Senator from Pennsylvania; born in Mount Pleasant, York (later Adams) County, PA, October 27, 1789; attended the common schools; moved to Western Pennsylvania in 1804 with his parents, who settled near Pittsburgh; graduated from Jefferson College, Canonsburg, PA (later Washington and Jefferson College), and Jefferson Medical College, Philadelphia, PA; commenced the practice of medicine in Uniontown, PA, in 1813; appointed County Coroner; member Pennsylvania House of Representatives 1818-1824; member, Pennsylvania Senate 1825-1830, serving as President, 1828-1830; Auditor-General of Pennsylvania 1830-1836; Pennsylvania Treasurer 1838-1839; elected as a Democrat to the United States Senate to fill the vacancy in the term commencing March 4, 1839 caused by the failure of the legislature to elect; reelected in 1844 and served from January 14, 1840 to March 3, 1851; was not a candidate for reelection; Chairman, Committee on Patents and the Patent Office (Twenty-sixth Congress), Committee on Agriculture (Twenty-ninth through Thirty-first Congresses); appointed by President Franklin Pierce as Treasurer of the United States Mint in Philadelphia, PA, 1853-1858; engaged in banking; died in Uniontown, Fayette County, PA, July 3, 1878. [Photo: U.S. Senate Historical Office] |




Congress |
Dates |
Senator | |

32nd Cong., 1st Ses. to 32nd Cong., 2nd Ses. |
Dec. 1, 1851 to Mar. 3, 1853 |
Pierre Soule | |

A Senator from Louisiana; born in Castillon-en-Couserans, near Bordeaux, France, August 31, 1801; attended the Jesuit College at Toulouse and later an academy in Bordeaux; exiled to Navarre at the age of fifteen for anti-Bourbon activity, and worked as a shepherd boy in the Pyrenees for a year; pardoned in 1818 and returned to school in Bordeaux; studied law in Paris and practiced; engaged in journalism; imprisoned for publishing revolutionary articles in 1825, but escaped to England; went to Haiti in 1825, and then to the United States; after traveling around the nation, commenced the practice of law in New Orleans, LA; member of the Louisiana State Senate in 1846; elected as a Democrat in 1846 to the United States Senate to fill the vacancy caused by the death of Alexander Barrow, and served from January 21, to March 3, 1847; again elected to the United States Senate, and served from March 3, 1849 to April 11, 1853, when he resigned to accept a diplomatic post; Chairman, Committee on Agriculture (Thirty-second Congress); appointed Minister to Spain on April 7, 1853 and served until February 1855; author of the "Ostend Manifesto" of October 1854, a memorandum outlining the attitude the United States should take in regard to Cuba; resumed the practice of law in New Orleans; was opposed to secession, but abided by the action of his state; when New Orleans was captured in April 1862, he was arrested and imprisoned in Fort Lafayette, NY, for several months; paroled to Boston and fled to the Bahamas; traveled to Richmond, VA, to aid the Confederacy; moved to Havana, Cuba, but subsequently returned to New Orleans, and died there on March 26, 1870. [Photo: Historic New Orleans Collection] |




Congress |
Dates |
Senator | |

33rd Cong., 1st Ses. to 34th Cong., 3rd Ses. |
Dec. 5, 1853 to Mar. 3, 1857 |
Phillip Allen | |

A Senator from Rhode Island; born in Providence, RI, September 1, 1785; received his early education from private tutors; attended Tauton Academy and Robert Rogers school at Newport; was graduated from Rhode Island College (now Brown University) in 1803; engaged in merchantile pursuits and foreign commerce; when shipping was suspended during the War of 1812 he engaged in the manufacture of cotton goods in Smithfield, RI; member of the Rhode Island State House of Representatives from 1819 until 1821; appointed Pension Agent and President of the Rhode Island Branch of the United States Bank in 1827; continued the manufacture of cotton goods and began the printing of calicos at Providence in 1831; elected Governor of Rhode Island in 1851; reelected in 1852, and 1853, and served from May 6, 1851 until July 20, 1853, when he resigned to become Senator; elected as a Democrat to the United States Senate on May 4, 1853 for the term beginning March 4, 1853, and served from July 20, 1853, to March 3, 1859; was not a candidate for reelection in 1859; Chairman, Committee on Agriculture (Thirty-third and Thirty-fourth Congresses); retired from active political and business pursuits; died in Providence, December 16,1865. [Photo: Rhode Island Historical Society] |



35th through 37th Congress, no Agriculture Committee existed in the Senate.




Congress |
Dates |
Senator | |

38th Cong., 1st Ses. 39th Cong., 1st Ses. to 39th Cong., 2nd Ses. |
Dec. 7, 1863 to July 4, 1864 Dec. 4, 1865 to Mar. 3, 1867 |
John Sherman | |

A Representative and a Senator from Ohio; born in Lancaster, Fairfield County, Ohio, on May 10, 1823; attended the common schools and an academy in Ohio; left school to work as an engineer on canal projects; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1844 and began practice in Mansfield, OH; moved to Cleveland, OH in 1853; elected as a Republican to the Thirty-fourth and to the three succeeding Congresses and served from March 4, 1855, to March 21, 1861, when he resigned; Chairman, Committee on Ways and Means (Thirty-sixth Congress); elected in 1861 as a Republican to the United States Senate to fill the vacancy caused by the resignation of Salmon P. Chase; reelected in 1866 and 1872 and served from March 21, 1861, until his resignation of March 8, 1877; Chairman, Committee on Agriculture (Thirty-eighth and Thirty-ninth Congresses), Committee on Finance (Thirty-eighth and Fortieth through Forty-fourth Congresses); appointed Secretary of the Treasury in the Cabinet of President Rutherford B. Hayes in March 1877, and served until March 1881; elected as a Republican to the United States Senate in 1881 in the place of James A. Garfield, who had been elected President of the United States; reelected in 1896 and 1892 and served from March 4, 1881, until his resignation on March 4, 1897; Republican Caucus Chairman 1893-1897; served as President Pro Tempore during the Forty-ninth Congress; Chairman, Committee on the Library (Forty-seventh through Forty-ninth Congresses), Committee on Foreign Relations (Forty-ninth through Fifty-second and Fifty-fourth Congresses); sponsor of the Sherman Anti-Trust Act of 1890, which declared that trusts restraining trade or commerce between states or with foreign countries were illegal; appointed Secretary of State by William McKinley, and served from March 5, 1897 until his resignation on April 27, 1898; retired to private life; died in Washington, D.C. October 22, 1900. [Photo: U.S. Senate Historical Office] |




Congress |
Dates |
Senator | |

38th Cong., 2nd Ses. |
Dec. 5, 1864 to Mar. 3, 1865 |
James Lane | |

(Son of Amos Lane), a Representative from Indiana and a Senator from Kansas; born in Lawrenceburg, IN, June 22, 1814; attended the public schools; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1840 and commenced practice in Lawrenceburg; member of the City Council; served in the Mexican War; Lieutenant Governor of IN, 1849-1853; elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-third Congress (March 4, 1853-March 3, 1855); moved to the Territory of Kansas in 1855; member of the Topeka Constitutional Convention of 1855; elected to the United States Senate by the legislature that convened under the Topeka Constitution in 1856, but the election was not recognized by the United States Senate; President of the Levenworth Constitutional Convention of 1857; elected as a Republican to the United States Senate in 1861; reelected in 1865 and served from April 4, 1861, until his death; Chairman, Committee on Agriculture (Thirty-eighth Congress), appointed by President Abraham Lincoln Brigadier General of Volunteers and saw battle during the Civil War; deranged and charged with financial irregularities, Lane shot himself on July 1, 1866, but lingered 10 days, dying on July 11, near Fort Levenworth, KS. [Photo: Kansas State Historical Society, Topeka, Kansas] |




Congress |
Dates |
Senator | |

40th Cong., 1st Ses. to 41st Cong., 2nd Ses. |
Mar. 4, 1867 to July 15, 1870 |
Simon Cameron | |

(Father of James Donald Cameron), a Senator from Pennsylvania, born in Maytown, Lancaster County, PA, March 8, 1799; apprenticed as a printer; newspaper owner and editor; cashier of a bank; President of two railroad companies, and Adjutant General of Pennsylvania; elected to the United States Senate to fill the vacancy caused by the resignation of James Buchanan, and served from March 13, 1845, to March 3, 1849; elected as a Republican to the United States Senate and served from March 4, 1957, to March 4, 1861 when he resigned, having been appointed Secretary of War; Chairman, Committee on Patents and the Patent Office (Twenty-ninth Congress), Committee on Public Buildings (Twenty-ninth Congress), Committee on the District of Columbia (Twenty-ninth and Thirtieth Congresses); unsuccessful candidate for the Republican Presidential nomination in 1860; served as Secretary of War in the Cabinet of President Abraham Lincoln from March 5, 1861 until January 14, 1862; appointed United States Minister to Russia on January 17, 1862 and served until September 1862; was again elected as a Republican to the United States Senate in 1867; reelected in 1873, and served from March 4, 1867, until his resignation, effective march 12, 1877; Chairman, Committee on Agriculture (Fortieth and Forty-first Congresses), Committee on Foreign Relations (Forty-second through Forty-fifth Congresses), Committee on Public Buildings and Grounds (Forty-second Congress); retired from active business pursuits and traveled extensively in Europe and the West Indies; died near Maytown, Lancaster County, PA, June 26, 1889. [Photo: Library of Congress] |




Congress |
Dates |
Senator | |

42nd Cong., 1st Ses. |
Mar. 4, 1871 to April 20, 1871 |
Oliver H. P. T. Morton | |

A Senator from Indiana; born in Saulsbury, Wayne County, IN, August 4, 1823; attended a private school in Springfield, OH; apprenticed to a hatter and worked at the trade for four years; attended Wayne County Seminary, Centerville, IN, and Miami University, Oxford, OH; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1847 and commenced practice in Centerville; elected Judge of the Sixth Judicial Circuit of Indiana in 1852; unsuccessful candidate for Governor in 1856; elected Lieutenant Governor in 1860, and upon the election of Governor Henry S. Lane to the United States Senate became Governor of IN; elected Governor for a full term in 1864, and served from January 16, 1861 until his resignation on January 23, 1867; elected as a Republican to the United States Senate in 1867; reelected in 1873, and served from March 4, 1867 until his death; Chairman, Committee on Manufactures (Forty-first Congress), Committee on Agriculture (Forty-second Congress), Committee on Privileges and Elections (Forty-second through Forty-fifth Congresses); appointed a member of the Electoral Commission of 1877, to decide the contests in various States in the Presidential election of 1876; died in Indianapolis, IN, on November 1, 1877. [Photo: U.S. Senate Historical Office] |




Congress |
Dates |
Senator | |

42nd Cong., 2nd Ses. to 44th Cong., 2nd Ses. |
Dec. 4, 1871 to Mar. 3, 1877 |
Frederick T. Frelinghuysen | |

(Nephew and adopted son of Theodore Frelinghuysen, great-nephew of Frederick Frelinghuysen, uncle of Joseph Sherman Frelinghuysen, great grandfather of Peter Hood Ballantine Frelinghuysen, Jr., and great-great-grandfather of Rodney P. Frelinghuysen), a Senator from New Jersey; born in Millstone, NJ, August 4, 1817; graduated from Rutgers College, New Brunswick, NJ, in 1836; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1839 and commenced practice in Newark, NJ; City Attorney of Newark in 1849; member of the City Council in 1850; Trustee of Rutgers College, 1851-1885; member of the Peace Convention of 1861 held in Washington, D.C., in an effort to devise means to prevent the impending war; Attorney General of New Jersey 1861-1866; appointed and subsequently elected as a Republican to the United States Senate to fill a vacancy caused by the death of William Wright, and served from November 12, 1866 to March 3, 1869; unsuccessful candidate for reelection in 1868; appointed Minister to Great Britain by President Ulysses S. Grant on July 15, 1870 and confirmed, but declined the appointment; again elected to the United States Senate as a Republican, and served from March 4, 1871 to March 3, 1877; appointed a Member of the Electoral Commission in 1877 to decide the contests in various States in the Presidential election of 1876; unsuccessful candidate for reelection; Chairman, Committee on Agriculture (Forty-second through Forty-fourth Congresses); resumed the practice of law in Newark; appointed Secretary of State by President Chester A. Arthur on December 12, 1881 and served until March 6, 1885; died in Newark, May 20, 1885. [Photo: U.S. Senate Historical Office] |




Congress |
Dates |
Senator | |

45th Cong., 1st Ses. to 45th Cong., 3rd Ses. 51st Cong., 1st Ses. to 52nd Cong., 2nd Ses. |
Oct. 15, 1877 to Mar. 3, 1879 Dec. 2, 1889 to Mar. 3, 1893 |
Algernon S. Paddock | |

A Senator from Nebraska; born at Glens Falls, Warren County, NY, November 9, 1830; attended the public schools, Glens Falls Academy, and Union College, Schenectady, NY; taught school and studied law; moved to Omaha, NE in 1857; was admitted to the bar in 1857 and commenced practice in Omaha; unsuccessful candidate for the Territorial House of Representatives in 1858; Delegate to the first Territorial Convention in 1859; engaged in editorial work on the Nebraska Republican, 1858-1859; Secretary of the Territory of Nebraska, 1861-1867, performing the duties of Acting Governor part of this time; unsuccessful candidate for election in 1866 to the Fortieth Congress; unsuccessful Republican candidate for United States Senator in 1867; declined to accept the position of Governor of the Territory of Wyoming in 1868; moved to Beatrice, Gage County, NE, in 1872 and engaged in agricultural and manufacturing pursuits; elected as a Republican to the United States Senate, and served from March 4, 1875 to March 3, 1881; unsuccessful candidate for reelection; Chairman, Committee on Agriculture (Forty-fifth Congress); member of the Federal Commission having jurisdiction over elections in the Territory of Utah 1882-1886; again elected as a Republican to the United States Senate, and served from March 4, 1887 to March 3, 1893; Chairman, Committee on the Improvement of the Mississippi River and its Tributaries (Fiftieth Congress), Committee on Agriculture and Forestry (Fifty-first and Fifty-second Congresses); engaged in the brokerage business; died in Beatrice, NE, October 17, 1897. [Photo: Library of Congress] |




Congress |
Dates |
Senator | |

46th Cong., 1st Ses. to 46th Cong., 3rd Ses. |
Mar. 18, 1879 to Mar. 3, 1881 |
John W. Johnston | |

(Uncle of Henry Bowen and nephew of Charles Clement Johnston
and Joseph Eggleston Johnston), a Senator from Virginia; born in
Panciello, near Abingdon, VA, September 9, 1818; attended Abingdon
Academy, South Carolina College at Columbia, and the Law Department of the
University of Virginia at Charlottesville; was admitted to the bar in 1839
and commenced practice in Tazewell, Tazewell County, VA; Commonwealth's
Attorney for Tazewell County 1844-1846; member Virginia Senate 1846-1848;
during the Civil War, held the position of Confederate States Receiver;
Judge of the Circuit Court of VA 1866-1870; upon the readmission of VA to
representation was elected as a Democrat to the United States Senate and
served from January 26, 1870 to March 3, 1871; reelected on March 15,
1871, for the term beginning March 4, 1871; reelected in 1877 and served
from March 15, 1871 until March 3, 1883; unsuccessful candidate for
reelection; Chairman, Committee on Revolutionary Claims (Forty-fifth and
Forty-seventh Congresses), Committee on Agriculture (Forty-sixth
Congress); resumed the practice of his profession; died in Richmond,
February 27, 1889. [Photo: Barnes, American Government, 1873-1877]
|




Congress |
Dates |
Senator | |

47th Cong., Spec. Ses. to 47th Cong., 2nd Ses. |
Mar. 4, 1881 to Mar. 3, 1883 |
William Mahone | |

A Senator from Virginia; born in Southampton County, VA, December 1, 1826; was graduated from the Virginia Military Institute at Lexington in 1847; taught two years at the Rappahannock Military Academy; became a civil engineer with the Norfolk & Petersburg Railroad and rose to President, Chief Engineer, and Superintendent; joined the Confederate Army and took part in the capture of Norfolk Navy Yard; was commissioned a Brigadier General and Major General in 1864; at the close of the Civil War returned to civil engineering, and became President of the Norfolk and Western; elected to the United States Senate as a Readjuster and served from March 4, 1881, until March 3, 1887; unsuccessful candidate for reelection in 1887; Chairman, Committee on Agriculture (Forty-seventh Congress), Committee on Public Buildings and Grounds (Forty-eighth and Forty-ninth Congresses); died in Washington, D.C., October 8, 1895. [Photo: U.S. Senate Historical Office] |




Congress |
Dates |
Senator | |

48th Cong., 1st Ses. to 49th Cong., 2nd Ses. |
Dec. 3, 1883 to Mar. 3, 1887 |
Warner Miller | |

A Representative and a Senator from New York; born in Hannibal, Oswego County, NY, August 12, 1838; attended the common schools and Charlottesville Academy; graduated from Union College, Schenectady, NY, in 1860; Professor of Latin and Greek in the Fort Edward Collegiate Institute; during the Civil War enlisted as a Private in the Fifth Regiment, New York Volunteer Cavalry, in 1861; promoted to the rank of Sergeant Major and Lieutenant; taken prisoner at the battle of Winchester; exchanged and honorably discharged; engaged in agricultural pursuits; founder of a wood-pulp business, developed new techniques for paper production, and was President of the American Paper & Pulp Association; interested in various other business enterprises; member, New York State Assembly, 1873-1876; elected as a Republican to the Forty-sixth and Forty-Seventh Congresses and served from March 4, 1879, until his resignation July 26, 1881; elected as a Republican in 1881 to the United States Senate to fill the vacancy caused by the resignation of Thomas C. Platt and served from July 27, 1881 to March 3, 1887; unsuccessful candidate for reelection in 1887; Chairman, Committee on Agriculture and Forestry (Forty-eighth and Forty-ninth Congresses); unsuccessful candidate for election for Governor of NY in 1888; Chairman of the Special Tax Commission of the State of New York in 1906; retired and resided in Herkimer, NY, died in New York City, March 21, 1918. [Photo: T. C. Seidle Photos - 1894] |




Congress |
Dates |
Senator | |

50th Cong., 1st Ses. to 50th Cong., 2nd Ses. |
Dec. 5, 1887 to Mar. 3, 1889 |
Thomas W. Palmer | |

A Senator from Michigan; born in Detroit, MI, January 25, 1830; attended the public schools, Thompson's Academy in Palmer (now St. Clair), MI, and the University of Michigan at Ann Arbor; traveled to Spain and South America; engaged in lumbering and agricultural pursuits; served on the Board of Estimates of Detroit in 1873; member Michigan State Senate 1879-1880; elected as a Republican to the United States Senate, and served from March 4, 1883 to March 3, 1889; was not a candidate for reelection; Chairman, Committee on Fisheries (Forty-ninth Congress), Committee on Agriculture and Forestry (Fiftieth Congress); appointed Minister to Spain on March 12, 1889 by President Benjamin Harrison, and served until April 1890; President of the National Commission of the World's Columbian Exposition at Chicago, 1890-1893; retired to his Wayne County farm near Detroit, one of the founders of the Detroit Museum of Arts; died in Detroit, June 1, 1913. [Photo: C.M. Burton Historical Collection] |




Congress |
Dates |
Senator | |

53rd Cong., 1st Ses. to 53rd Cong., 3rd Ses. |
Aug. 7, 1893 to Mar. 3, 1895 |
James Z. George | |

A Senator from Mississippi; born in Monroe County, GA,
October 20, 1826; moved to MS as a child; attended the old field schools;
joined the Mississippi Rifles in 1846 and served in Mexico until
discharged on account of ill health; studied law; was admitted to the bar
1847 and commenced practice in Carrollton, MS; Reporter of the Mississippi
Supreme Court in 1854; member of the Mississippi Secession Convention and
signed the Ordinance of Secession; served in the Confederate Army during
the Civil War, attaining the rank of Brigadier General of State Troops;
resided in Jackson, MS, 1872-1887, when he returned to Carrollton;
appointed Judge of the State Supreme Court in 1879, and was elected Chief
Justice; elected as a Democrat to the United States Senate in 1880;
reelected in 1886, and again in 1892, and served from March 4, 1881, until
his death on August 14, 1897; Chairman, Committee on Agriculture and
Forestry (Fifty-third Congress), member of the Constitutional Convention
of the State of Mississippi in 1890; died in Mississippi City, MS. [Photo:
Biographies of Present Senators of the U.S. - 1892]
|




Congress |
Dates |
Senator | |

54th Cong., 1st Ses. to 59th Cong., 2nd Ses. |
Dec. 2, 1895 to Mar. 3, 1907 |
Redfield Proctor | |

A Senator from Vermont; born in Proctorsville, Windsor County, VT, June 1, 1831; graduated from Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, in 1851 and from the Albany Law School in 1859; was admitted to the bar and practiced in Boston, MA, in 1860 and 1861; during the Civil War enlisted in the Union Army as a Major, promoted to Colonel, and was mustered out in 1863; returned to VT, and engaged in the practice of law, and became interested in the development of the marble industry; member, VT State House of Representatives, 1867-1868; member of the State Senate and President Pro Tempore, 1874-1875; Lieutenant Governor of Vermont, 1876-1878; elected Governor of Vermont in 1878, and served from October 3, 1878 to October 7, 1880; member of the State House of Representatives in 1888; appointed Secretary of War by President Benjamin Harrison and served from March 5, 1889 until his resignation on November 5, 1891 to become Senator; appointed in 1891 and subsequently elected as a Republican to the United States Senate to fill the vacancy caused by the resignation of George F. Edmunds; reelected in 1892, 1898, and 1904, and served from November 2, 1891 until his death in Washington, D.C., March 4, 1908; Chairman, Committee on Agriculture and Forestry (Fifty-fourth through Sixtieth Congresses), Committee on Military Affairs (Fifty-ninth Congress). [Photo: T.C. Seidle Photos - 1894] |




Congress |
Dates |
Senator | |

60th Cong., 1st Ses. to 60th Cong., 2nd Ses. |
Dec. 2, 1907 to Mar. 3, 1909 |
Henry C. Hansbrough | |

A Representative and a Senator from North Dakota; born near Prairie du Rocher, Randolph County, IL, January 30, 1848; attended the common schools; moved to San Jose, CA in 1867; learned the art of printing and worked at the trade in San Jose, and later at Baraboo, WI; moved to Dakota Territory and established the Grand Forks News in 1881 and the Inter-Ocean at Devil's Lake in 1883; Mayor of Devils' Lake 1885-1888; member of the Republican National Committee, 1888-1896; upon admission of the State of North Dakota into the Union was elected as a Republican to the Fifty-first Congress and served from November 2, 1889, until March 3, 1891; did not seek renomination in 1891 having become a candidate for Senator; elected as a Republican to the United States Senate in 1891; reelected in 1897 and again in 1903, and served from March 4, 1891, to March 3, 1909; unsuccessful candidate for reelection in 1909; Chairman, Committee on the Library (Fifty-fourth Congress), Committee on Public Lands (Fifty-fifth through Sixtieth Congresses), Committee on Agriculture and Forestry (Sixtieth Congress); resumed his former business pursuits in Devil's Lake; moved to Florida, New York, and finally to Washington, D.C., in 1927 where he died on November 16, 1933. [Photo: T.C. Seidle Photos - 1894] |




Congress |
Dates |
Senator | |

61st Cong., 1st Ses. to 61st Cong., 2nd Ses. |
Mar. 15, 1909 to June 25, 1910 |
Jonathan P. Dolliver | |

(Uncle of James Isaac Dolliver), a Representative and a Senator from Iowa; born near Kingwood, Preston County, VA (now West Virginia), February 6, 1858; attended the public schools and was graduated from the University of West Virginia at Morgantown in 1876; studied law; and was admitted to the bar in 1878 and commenced practice in Fort Dodge, IA; City Solicitor of Fort Dodge 1880-1887; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-first and to the five succeeding Congresses and served from March 4, 1889 to August 22, 1900, when he resigned to become Senator; Chairman, Committee on Expenditures (Fifty-sixth Congress); appointed as a Republican to the United States Senate in 1900 to fill the vacancy in the term ending March 3, 1901, caused by the death of John H. Gear; reappointed and subsequently elected for the term beginning March 4, 1901; reelected in 1907 and served from August 22, 1900, until his death at Fort Dodge, IA, October 15, 1910; Chairman, Committee on Pacific Railroads (Fifty-seventh through Fifty-ninth Congresses), Committee on Education and labor (Fifty-ninth and Sixtieth Congresses), Committee on Agriculture and Forestry (Sixty-first Congress).[Photo: Library of Congress] |




Congress |
Dates |
Senator | |

61st Cong., 3rd Ses. | Dec. 5, 1910 to Mar. 3, 1911 |
Francis E. Warren | |

A Senator from Wyoming; born in Hinsdale, Berkshire County, MA, June 20, 1844; attended the common schools and Hinsdale Academy; during the Civil War enlisted in the Forty-ninth Regiment, Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry, and served as a private and non-commissioned officer until he was mustered out of the Service; received the Congressional Medal of Honor September 30, 1893 for gallantry on the battlefield at the siege of Port Hudson, LA, May 27 to July 9, 1863; later served as Captain in the Massachusetts Militia; engaged in farming and stock raising in MA; moved to Wyoming (then a part of the Dakota Territory), in 1868; became interested in the real estate, mercantile, livestock, and lighting businesses in Cheyenne; member Territorial Senate 1873-1874 and served as President; member of the City Council, 1873-1874; Treasurer of Wyoming 1876, 1879, 1882, 1884; member Territorial Senate, 1884-1885; Mayor of Cheyenne, 1885; appointed Governor of the Territory of Wyoming by President Chester A. Arthur in February 1885, but was removed by President Grover Cleveland in 1886; again appointed Governor by President Benjamin Harrison in March 1889 and served until elected to the position in 1890; elected as the first Governor of the State in September 1890, but resigned on September 24, 1890, having been elected as a Republican to the United States Senate November 18, 1890, and served until March 4, 1893; resumed agricultural pursuits and stock raising; again elected to the United States Senate in 1895; reelected in 1901, 1907, 1913, 1918, and again in 1924, and served from March 4, 1895 until his death in Washington, D.C. November 24, 1929; Chairman, Committee on Irrigation and Reclamation of Arid Lands (Fifty-second, Fifty-fourth, and Fifty-fifth Congresses), Committee on Claims (Fifty-sixth through Fifty-ninth Congresses), Committee on Irrigation (Fifty-ninth Congress), Committee on Military Affairs (Fifty-nine through Sixty-first Congresses), Committee on Public Buildings and Grounds (Fifty-ninth Congress), Committee on Agriculture and Forestry (Sixty-first Congress), Committee on Appropriations (Sixty-second and Sixty-sixth through Seventy-first Congresses), Committee on Engrossed Bills (Sixty-third through Sixty-fifth Congresses). [Photo: U.S. Senate Historical Office] |




Congress |
Dates |
Senator | |

62nd Cong., 1st Ses. to 62nd Cong., 3rd Ses. |
Apr. 4, 1911 to Mar. 3, 1913 |
Henry E. Burnham | |

A Senator from New Hampshire; born in Dunbarton, Merrimack County, NH, November 8, 1844; attended the public schools and Kimball Union Academy; was graduated from Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, in 1865; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1868 and commenced practice in Manchester; was engaged in banking and insurance; member, State House of Representatives 1873-1874; Treasurer of Hillsboro County 1875-1877; Judge of Probate for Hillsboro County 1876-1879; member of the Constitutional Convention of 1888; Chairman of the Republican State Convention in 1888; served as Ballot Law Commissioner 1892-1900; elected as a Republican to the United States Senate in 1901; reelected in 1907 and served from March 4, 1901 to March 3, 1913; was not a candidate for reelection; Chairman, Committee on Cuban Relations (Fifty-eighth through Sixtieth Congresses), Committee on Claims (Sixty-first Congress), Committee on Agriculture and Forestry (Sixty-second Congress); resumed practice of law; died in Manchester, NH, February 8, 1917. [Photo: Library of Congress] |




Congress |
Dates |
Senator | |

63rd Cong., 1st Ses. to 65th Cong., 3rd Ses. |
Apr. 7, 1913 to Mar. 3, 1919 |
Thomas P. Gore | |

A Senator from Oklahoma; born near Embry, Webster County, MS, December 10, 1870; by accident lost the sight of both eyes as a boy; attended the public schools; graduated from the normal school at Walthall, MS in 1890; taught school in 1890 and 1891; graduated from the Law Department of Cumberland University, Lebanon, TN, in 1892; was admitted to the bar in 1892 and commenced practice in Walthall, MS; moved to Corsicana, TX, in 1895; unsuccessful candidate for election in 1898 to the Fifty-sixth Congress; moved to Lawton, OK, in 1901 and continued the practice of law; member Oklahoma Territorial Council, 1903-1905; upon the admission of OK as a State into the Union was elected as a Democrat to the United States Senate for the term ending March 3, 1909; reelected in 1908 and again in 1914, and served from December 11, 1907 to March 3, 1921; unsuccessful candidate for renomination in 1920; Chairman, Committee on Railroads (Sixty-second Congress), Committee on Agriculture and Forestry (Sixty-third through Sixty-fifth Congresses), Committee on Expenditures in the Department of Justice (Sixty-sixth Congress); member of the Democratic National Committee, 1912-1916; appointed by President Woodrow Wilson in 1913 as a member of the Commission to Investigate and Study Rural Credits and Agricultural Cooperative Organizations in European Countries; again elected to the United States Senate in 1930, and served from March 4, 1931 to January 3, 1937; unsuccessful candidate for reelection in 1936; Chairman, Committee on Interoceanic Canals (Seventy-third and Seventy-fourth Congresses); practiced law in Washington, D.C. until his death on March 16, 1949. [Photo: Thomas Pryor Gore Collection, Carl Albert Center, University of Oklahoma] |




Congress |
Dates |
Senator | |

66th Cong., 1st Ses. to 66th Cong., 3rd Ses. |
May 19, 1919 to Mar. 3, 1921 |
Asle J. Gronna | |

A Representative and a Senator from North Dakota; born in Elkader, Clayton County, IA, December 10, 1858; moved with his parents to Houston County, MN, attended the public schools and the Caledonia Academy; taught school in Wilmington, MN, moved to Dakota Territory in 1879 and engaged in farming, teaching, and business; member, Territorial House of Representatives 1889; President of the Village Board of Trustees of Lakota and President of the Board of Education several terms; member, Board of Regents, University of North Dakota 1902; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-ninth, Sixtieth, and Sixty-first Congresses and served from March 4, 1905 until February 2, 1911 when he resigned, having been elected Senator; the vacancy caused by the death of Martin N. Johnson; reelected in 1914 and served from February 2, 1911 to March 3, 1921; unsuccessful candidate for reelection in 1920; Chairman, Committee on Expenditures in the Department of the Navy (Sixty-second and Sixty-fifth Congresses), Committee on Agriculture and Forestry (Sixty-sixth Congress); resumed agricultural pursuits; died in Lakota, ND, May 4, 1922. [Photo: State Historical Society of North Dakota] |




Congress |
Dates |
Senator | |

67th Cong., 1st Ses. to 68th Cong., 2nd Ses. |
Apr. 11, 1921 to Mar. 3, 1925 |
George W. Norris | |

A Representative and a Senator from Nebraska; born on a farm near Clyde, Sandusky County, OH, on July 11, 1861; attended the district schools, Baldwin University, Berea, OH, and the Northern Indiana Normal School at Valparaiso, IN; taught school while studying law; graduated from the Law Department at Valparaiso University in 1883, and was admitted to the bar the same year; continued teaching until he moved to Beaver City, Furnas County, NE, in 1885 and engaged in the practice of law; County Attorney of Furnas County for three terms; District Judge of the Fourteenth District from 1895 to 1902; moved to McCook, Red Willow County, NE in 1899; elected as a Republican to the Fifty-eighth and four succeeding Congresses (March 4, 1903-March 3, 1913); did not seek renomination in 1912 to the House of Representatives, having become a candidate for Senator; one of the managers appointed by the House of Representatives in 1912 to conduct the impeachment proceedings against Robert W. Archbald, Judge of the United States Commerce Court; elected as a Republican to the United States Senate in 1912; reelected in 1918, 1924, and 1930, and as an Independent Republican in 1936, and served from March 4, 1913 to January 3, 1943; unsuccessful candidate for reelection in 1942; Chairman, Committee on the Five Civilized Tribes of Indians (Sixty-fifth Congress), Committee on Patents (Sixty-sixth Congress), Committee on Agriculture and Forestry (Sixty-seventh through Sixty-ninth Congresses), Committee on the Judiciary (Sixty-ninth through Seventy-second Congresses); known as the "father of the Tennessee Valley Authority," the first of that Project's dams on the Clinch River in Northeastern TN, was named Norris Dam; sponsor of the Twentieth Amendment to the Constitution, ratified January 23, 1933, which fixed the beginning and ending terms for the President, Vice President, and members of Congress; cosponsor of the Norris-LaGuardia Act of 1932, which limited judicial power to issue injunctions forbidding strikes and other labor union activities; retired from public life; did in McCook, NE, September 2, 1944. [Photo: U.S. Senate Historical Office] |




Congress |
Dates |
Senator | |

69th Cong., 1st Ses. to 72nd Cong., 2nd Ses. |
Dec. 7, 1925 to Mar. 3, 1933 |
Charles L. McNary | |

A Senator from Oregon; born on a farm near Salem, Marion County, OR, June 12, 1874; attended the public schools and Leland Stanford Junior University, CA; studied law at Willamette University, Salem, OR; was admitted to the OR bar in 1898 and commenced practice in Salem; Dean of the Law School of Willamette University , 1908-1913; from 1906 to 1913 served as an assistant to his brother, John H. McNary, the District Attorney of Marion County; appointed an Associate Justice of the Oregon State Supreme Court and served from 1913 to 1915; unsuccessful candidate for reelection to the State Supreme Court in 1914; Chairman of the Republican State Central Committee, 1915-1916; appointed as a Republican to the United States Senate to fill the vacancy in the term ending March 3, 1919, caused by the death of Harry Lane, and served from May 29, 1917 until November 5, 1918, when Frederick W. Mulkey was elected to fill vacancy; again appointed to the United States Senate, December 12, 1918, to become effective December 18, 1918 to fill the vacancy caused by the resignation of Senator Mulkey, having been previously elected for the term beginning March 4, 1919; reelected in 1924, 1930, 1936, and again in 1942, and served from December 18, 1918 until his death in Fort Lauderdale, FL, February 25, 1944; Minority Leader (Seventy-third through Seventy-eighth Congresses), Chairman, Committee on Irrigation and Reclamation of Arid Lands (Sixty-sixth through Sixty-ninth Congresses), Committee on Agriculture and Forestry (Sixty-ninth through Seventy-second Congresses), Republican Conference (Seventy-third through Seventy-eighth Congresses); cosponsor of the McNary-Haugen farm bill of 1927, which would have required the government to support crop prices by buying up surplus commodities and either keeping them off the market or selling them abroad; unsuccessful candidate for Vice President of the United States in 1940 on the Republican ticket headed by Wendell L. Wilkie. [Photo: U.S. Senate Historical Office] |




Congress |
Dates |
Senator | |

73rd Cong., 1st Ses. to 77th Cong., 2nd Ses. |
Mar. 9, 1933 to Dec. 16, 1942 |
Ellison D. Smith | |

A Senator from SC; born in Lynchburg, Sumter (now Lee) County, SC, August 1, 1864; attended the private and public schools of Lynchburg, Stewart's School at Charleston, SC, and the University of South Carolina at Columbia; graduated from Wofford College in Spartansburg, SC, in 1889; member, State House of Representatives 1896-1900; unsuccessful candidate for Congress in 1901; engaged in mercantile and agricultural pursuits; one of the principle figures in the organization of the Southern Cotton Association in 1905; field agent and general organizer in the Cotton Protective Movement 1905-1908 and became known as "Cotton Ed;" elected as a Democrat to the United States Senate in 1908; reelected in 1914, 1920, 1926, 1932, and again in 1938, and served from March 4, 1909 until his death; unsuccessful candidate for renomination in 1944; Chairman Committee on Transportation Routes to the Seaboard (Sixty-second Congress), Committee on Interstate Commerce (Sixty-fifth and Sixty-eighth Congresses), Committee on Conservation of Natural Resources (Sixty-sixth Congress), Committee on Agriculture and Forestry (Seventy-third through Seventy-eighth Congresses); died in Lynchburg, SC, November 17, 1944. [Photo: Underwood and Underwood ] |




Congress |
Dates |
Senator | |

78th Cong., 1st Ses. to 79th Cong., 2nd Ses. 81st Cong., 1st Ses. to 81st Cong., 2nd Ses. |
Jan. 6, 1943 to Aug. 2, 1946 Jan. 3, 1949 to Jan. 2, 1951 |
J. W. Elmer Thomas | |

A Representative and Senator from OK; born on a farm near Greencastle, Putnam County, IN, September 8, 1876; attended the common schools; graduated from the Central Normal College (now Canterbury), Danville, IN, 1897 and from the Graduate Department of DePauw University, Greencastle, IN, in 1900; studied law; was admitted to the IN bar in 1897 and to the OK bar in 1900, and commenced practice in Oklahoma City, OK; moved to Lawton, OK in 1901 and continued the practice of law; member, OK State Senate, 1907-1920, serving as President Pro Tempore 1910-1913; unsuccessful candidate for election in 1920 to the Sixty-seventh Congress; elected as a Democrat to the Sixty-eighth and Sixty-ninth Congresses (March 4, 1923-March 3, 1927); was not a candidate in 1926 for renomination to the House of Representatives, but was elected to the United States Senate; reelected in 1932, 1938 and again in 1944, and served from March 4, 1927 to January 3, 1951; unsuccessful candidate for renomination in 1950; Chairman, Committee on Indian Affairs (Seventy-fourth through Seventy-seventh Congresses), Committee on Agriculture and Forestry (Seventy-eighth, Seventy-ninth and Eighty-first Congresses), Committee on Indian Affairs (Seventy-eighth Congress); engaged in the practice of law in Washington, D.C. until August 1957; returned to Lawton, OK, where he died on September 19, 1965. [Photo: U.S. Senate Historical Office] |




Congress |
Dates |
Senator | |

80th Cong., 1st Ses. to 80th Cong., 2nd Ses. |
Jan. 3, 1947 to Dec. 31, 1948 |
Arthur Capper | |

A Senator from Kansas; born in Garnett, Anderson County, KS, July 14, 1865; attended the common schools; learned the art of printing and subsequently became a newspaper reporter, owner, and publisher of the Topeka, KS, Daily Capital, Capper's Weekly, Capper's Farmer, the Household Magazine, and other publications; owner of two radio stations; President of the Board of Regents, Kansas Agricultural College, 1910-1913; unsuccessful candidate for Governor of Kansas in 1912; elected Governor of Kansas in 1914, reelected in 1916, and served from January 11, 1915 to January 13, 1919; elected as a Republican to the United States Senate in 1918; reelected in 1924, 1930, 1936, and again in 1942 and served from March 4, 1919 to January 3, 1949; was not a candidate for renomination in 1948; Chairman, Committee on Expenditures in the Department of Agriculture (Sixty-sixth Congress), Committee on Claims (Sixty-seventh and Sixty-eighth Congresses), Committee on the District of Columbia (Sixty-ninth through Seventy-second Congresses), Committee on Agriculture and Forestry (Eightieth Congress); returned to Topeka and continued in the publishing business; did in Topeka, December 19, 1951. [Photo: Library of Congress] |




Congress |
Dates |
Senator | |

82nd Cong., 1st Ses. to 82nd Cong., 2nd Ses. 84th Cong., 1st Ses. |
Jan. 3, 1951 to July 7, 1952 Jan. 5, 1955 to Jan. 2, 1971 |
Allen J. Ellender | |

A Senator fromLouisiana; born near Montegut, Terrebonne Parish, LA, September 24, 1890; attended public and private schools; graduated from St. Aloysius High School, New Orleans, LA, in 1909; received a law degree from Tulane University Law School, New Orleans, in 1913; was admitted to the bar in 1913 and commenced practice in Houma, LA; City Attorney of Houma, 1913-1915; appointed District Attorney of Lafourche and Terrebonne Parishes, 1915-1916; unsuccessful candidate for reelection as District Attorney in 1916; during the First World War was appointed to the Student Army Training Corps at Tulane University, 1918; delegate to the Constitutional Convention of Louisiana, March-June 1921; Democratic National Committeeman from LA 1939-1940; member, Louisiana State House of Representatives 1924-1936; serving as Floor Leader 1928-1932, and as Speaker 1932-1936; elected as a Democrat to the United States Senate in 1936; reelected in 1942, 1948, 1954, 1960, and again in 1966, and served from January 5, 1937 until his death at Bethesda, MD, on July 27, 1972; served as President Pro Tempore of the Senate during the Ninety-second Congress; Chairman, Committee on Claims (Seventy-eighth and Seventy-ninth Congresses), Committee on Agriculture and Forestry (Eighty-second and Eighty-fourth through Ninety-first Congresses), Committee on Appropriations (Ninety-second Congress). [Photo: U.S. Senate Historical Office] |




Congress |
Dates |
Senator | |

83rd Cong., 1st. Ses. to 83rd Cong., 2nd Ses. |
Jan. 3, 1953 to Dec. 2, 1954 |
George D. Aiken | |

A Senator from Vermont; born in Dummerston, Windham County, VT, August 20, 1892; moved with his parents to Putney, VT, in 1893; attended the public schools of Putney and Brattleboro, VT, engaged in fruit farming in 1912; also conducted an extensive nursery business, and in 1926 engaged in the commercial cultivation of wild flowers; served as school director of Putney from 1920 until 1937; member of the VT State House of Representatives, 1931-1935, and served as Speaker, 1933-1935; Lieutenant Governor of VT, 1935-1937; elected Governor of VT in 1936; reelected in 1938, and served from January 7, 1937 to January 9, 1941; elected as a Republican to the United States Senate, November 5, 1940, to fill the vacancy caused by the death of Ernest W. Gibson in the term ending January 3, 1945, but did not assume office until January 10, 1941; reelected in 1944, 1950, 1956, 1962, and 1968, and served from January 10, 1941 to January 3, 1975; was not a candidate for reelection in 1974; Chairman, Committee on Expenditures in Executive Departments (Eightieth Congress), Committee on Agriculture and Forestry (Eighty-third Congress); died in Putney, VT, November 19, 1984. [Photo: U.S. Senate Historical Office] |




Congress |
Dates |
Senator | |

92nd Cong., 1st Ses. to 96th Cong., 2nd Ses. |
Jan. 21, 1971 to Dec. 16, 1980 |
Herman E. Talmadge | |

A Senator from GA; born on a farm near McRae, Telfair County, GA, August 9, 1913; attended the public schools in McRae; law degree from University of GA, Athens, 1936; was admitted to the bar in 1936 and commenced the practice of law in Atlanta, GA; volunteered for service in the United States Navy in 1941; saw extensive action in the Pacific theater, attained rank of Lieutenant Commander and was discharged in November 1945; upon the death of his father, Governor-elect Eugene Talmadge, was elected to the Governorship by the GA State Legislature on January 14, 1947; vacated the office on March 18, 1947 due to a decision of the State Supreme Court; elected on September 8, 1948 to fill the unexpired term; reelected in 1950 and served from November 17, 1948 to January 11, 1955; farmer; elected as a Democrat to the United States Senate in 1956; reelected in 1962, 1968, and again in 1974, and served from January 3, 1957 to January 3, 1981; unsuccessful candidate for reelection in 1980; denounced by the Senate on October 11, 1979 for financial misconduct; Chairman, Committee on Agriculture and Forestry [renamed the Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition and Forestry] (Ninety-second through Ninety-sixth Congresses); resumed the practice of law. [Photo: U.S. Senate Historical Office] |




Congress |
Dates |
Senator | |

97th Cong., 1st Ses. to 99th Cong., 2nd Ses. |
Jan. 5, 1981 to Oct. 18, 1986 |
Jesse A. Helms | |

A Senator from NC; born in Monroe, Union County, NC, October 18, 1921; educated in the public schools of Monroe, Wingate Junior College, and Wake Forest College; served in the United States Navy 1942-1945; City Editor Raleigh Times, 1941-1942; News and Program Director WRAL Radio 1948-1951; Administrative Assistant to United States Senators Willis Smith, 1951-1953, and Alton Lennon, 1953; Executive Director, North Carolina Bankers Association, 1953-1960; television and radio executive, 1960-1972; member Raleigh City Council, 1957-1961; elected as a Republican to the United States Senate in 1972 for the term commencing January 3, 1973; reelected in 1978, 1984, 1990, and 1996 for the term ending January 2003; Chairman, Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition and Forestry (Ninety-seventh through Ninety-ninth Congresses), Committee on Foreign Relations (One Hundred Fourth through One Hundred Fifth Congresses).[Photo: U.S. Senate Office of Senator Jesse A. Helms] |




Congress |
Dates |
Senator | |

100th Cong., 1st Ses. to 103rd Cong., 2nd Ses. |
Jan. 5, 1987 to Dec. 1, 1994 |
Patrick J. Leahy | |

A Senator from VT; born in Montpelier, Washington County, VT, March 31, 1940; graduated from St. Michael's High School, Montpelier, 1957; B.A. St. Michael's College, Winooski, VT, 1961; law degree, Georgetown University Law Center, 1964; admitted to the VT bar in 1964 and commenced practice in Burlington; State's Attorney, Chittenton County, VT, 1966-1974; elected as a Democrat to the United States Senate in 1974 for the term commencing January 3, 1975; reelected in 1980, 1986, and again in 1992 for the term ending January 3, 1999; Chairman, Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition and Forestry (One Hundred through One Hundred Third Congresses). [Photo: U.S. Senate Office of Senator Patrick J. Leahy] |




Congress |
Dates |
Senator | |

104th Cong., 1st Ses. | Jan. 4, 1995 to Present |
Richard G. Lugar | |

A Senator from IN; born in Indianapolis, Marion County, IN, April 4, 1932; attended the public schools of Indianapolis; graduated from Shortridge High School, 1950; B.A. Dennison University, Granville, OH, 1954; B.A., M.A., Pembroke College, Oxford, England, as a Rhodes Scholar, 1956; businessman, involved in the manufacture of food production equipment, livestock, and grain operations; served in the United States Navy from 1957 until 1960; member Indianapolis Board of School Commissioners, 1964-1967; Mayor of Indianapolis, 1968-1975; unsuccessful candidate in 1974 for election to the United States Senate; elected as a Republican to the United States Senate in 1976 for the term commencing January 3, 1977; reelected in 1982, 1988, and again in 1994 for the term ending January 3, 2001; delivered keynote address at the Republican National Convention in 1972; Chairman, Republican Senatorial Campaign Committee (Ninety-eighth Congress), Committee on Foreign Relations (Ninety-ninth Congress), Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition and Forestry (One Hundred Fourth and One Hundred Fifth Congresses); candidate in 1996 for the Republican Presidential nomination. [Photo: U.S. Senate Office of Senator Richard G. Lugar] |